还剩11页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
阅读理解-细节理解一
1、 JimmyDoolittlewasascientistanairplaneengineerandageneralintheUnitedStatesArmy. Atonetimeheheldtherecordforflyingfasterthananyotherperson.HewasthefirstpilottocrosstheUnitedStatesinlessthantwenty-fourhours.Hewasthefirstpilottofly“blind’’usingonlyinstrumentstoguidehisairplane. AndwhenhiscountryenteredWorldWarTwoheledoneofthefirstsuccessfulattacksagainsttheenemy. JimmyDoolittlewasbomonDecember14th18%inthewesternstateofCalifornia.HisfamilysoonmovedtoNomeAlaska.Jimmywasasmallboy.Henevergrewtobeverybig.Yetlargerboysmadeamistakeiftheythoughtbeingsmallalsomeantbeingweak.Jimmywouldfightifsomeonetriedtohurthim.Andhealmostneverlost. Asayoungmanhebecameaboxingchampion.WhentheUnitedStatesenteredWorldWarOneyoungJimmyDoolittlejoinedthearmy.Healsoaskedtobetrainedasapilot.OnMarch18th1918Jimmypassedthetestsandgraduatedfromflightschool.HehadhopedtogotoFranceandfightinthewar.Thearmyhoweverhadhimtrainotherpilots.WhenthewarendedJimmychosetostayinthearmy.Hethoughtthiswouldgivehimachancetobinehisflyingskillsandhisinterestinengineering. FormostoftheyearsbetweenWorldWarOneandWorldWarTwoJimmyDoolittlewasinvolvedinthegrowthoftheairplaneindustry.Hehelpedtestnewairplanes.Heflewlongerandlongerdistances.Healsoenteredtheworld-famousairracesofthetime. OnSeptember27th1993thescientistracingpilotaviationpioneerandmilitaryleaderJimmyDoolittledied.
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutJimmyisNOTtrueA.Hewasthefirstpilottoflywithhiseyescovered.B.Heheldtherecordfortheflyingspeedatonetime.C.HewasthefirstpilotthatcrossedAmericainlessthan24hours.D.Hewasthefirstpilottoflyonlybyusinginstrumentstoguidehisairplane.
2.WhatdidJimmydoduringtheFirstWorldWarA.HewenttoFrancetofight.B.Hetrainedotherpilotsinthearmy.C.Hebecameaboxingchampion.D.Heledthearmytoattackagainsttheenemy.
3.WhydidJimmychoosetostayinthearmywhenthewarendedA.Helikedthearmyverymuch.B.Hewantedtotrainmorepilotsinthearmy.C.Hethoughtthearmycouldprovidebettersalary.D.Thearmywasagoodplacetobinehisskillsandinterest.
4.ThelastparagraphbutonemainlytellsJimmys _______.A.achievementsB.contributionsC.developmentD.strengths
2、 OnedayIreceivedacallfromacolleague.Hewasabouttogiveastudentazeroforhisanswertoaphysicalproblemwhilethestudentclaimedaperfectscore.Iwaselectedastheirarbiter仲裁人.Ireadtheexaminationproblem“Showhowitispossibletodeterminetheheightofatallbuildingwiththeaidofabarometer气压计.”Thestudenthadanswered“Takethebarometertothetopofthebuildingattachalongropetoitlowerittothestreetandthenbringitupandmeasurethelengthoftherope.Thelengthofitistheheightofthebuilding.” Thestudenthadreallyansweredthequestionpletelybuttheanswerdidn’tconfirmhispetenceinphysics.Isuggestedthestudenttryagain.Igavehimsixminutestoanswerthequestionwarningthattheanswershouldshowsomeknowledgeofphysics.Fiveminuteslaterhesaidhehadmanyanswersanddashedoffonewhichread“Takethebarometertothetopofthebuildingandleanovertheedgeoftheroof.Dropthebarometertimingitsfallwithastopwatch.Thenusethephysicalformula公式tocalculatetheheightofthebuilding.” Atthispointmycolleaguehadtoacceptitandthenthestudentmadealmostfullmarks.Icouldn’thelpaskingthestudentwhattheotheranswerswere.Helistedmanyothersandthenadded“Probablythebestoneistotakethebarometertotheadministratorandsaytohim‘Sirhereisafinebarometer.IfyoutellmetheheightofthebuildingIwillgiveittoyou.’” ThenIaskedthestudentifhereallydidnotknowtheconventionalanswertothisquestion.Headmittedthathedidbutsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolandcollegeinstructorstryingtoteachhimhowtothink. ThenameofthestudentwasBohrwholaterwasfamousallovertheworld.HewontheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin
1922.
1.Thestudentgotazeroatthebeginningbecause________.A.theteacherwasn’tsatisfiedwithhimB.hisanswerwasn’tpleteorcorrectC.theteacherdidn’tfullyunderstandhisanswerD.hisanswerdidn’tshowhisknowledgeofphysics
2.Weknowfromthepassagethat________.A.thestudentknewtheexpectedanswerB.theadministratortoldBohrtheheightC.theauthorpreferredBohr’slastanswerD.theteacherwasaverystubbornperson
3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.instructorscanteachstudentshowtothinkB.arbiterscanhelpstudentstogethighscoresC.studentsshouldbegivenmorefreedominthinkingD.teachersshouldmakestudentsusephysicalformulas
4.WhatwasBohr’sattitudetowardhisschoolingA.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Approving.D.Pessimistic.3 LikemanynewgraduatesIleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.MydegreewithhonorsinEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehowbutIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject. IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.IknewitwouldbealotofhardworkandthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.InshortIdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily. EventuallyhoweverIwonthesupportofmyfamilyandIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication.AftercountlessinterviewsandpresentationsImanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.SeveralmonthslaterIfinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportforduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbujaNigeria.WhereWhatNigeriaIhadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindout. AfterpletingmytrainingIwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperacmodation.ThoughthelocalvillagerswerepoortheyofferedtheirhomesheartsandfoodasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.ForthenextyearorsoItaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme. SometimeduringthatperiodIrealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdidthoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguageandIreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.
1.WhatdoweknowabouttheauthorA.Hisuniversityeducationfocusedontheoreticalknowledge.B.Hisdreamatuniversitywastobeeavolunteer.C.Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.D.HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.
2.AccordingtoParagraph2itismostlikelythattheauthor_____.A.discussedhisdecisionwithhisfamilyB.askedpreviousvolunteersaboutvoluntaryworkC.attendedspecialtrainingtoperformdifficulttasksD.feltsadabouthavingtoleavehisfamilyandfriends
3.Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjobtheauthor_____.A.participatedinmanydiscussionsB.wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltestsC.wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntaryworkD.facedstrongpetitionfromothercandidates
4.Onarrivalatthevillagetheauthorwas_____.A.askedtoleadafarmingteamB.senttoteachinschoolhouseC.receivedwarmlybylocalvillagersD.arrangedtoliveinaseparatehouse
5.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor’sexperiencesinNigeriaA.Hefoundsomedifficultyadaptingtothelocalculture.B.Hehadlearnedtomunicateinthelocallanguage.C.Hehadovereallhisweaknessesbeforeheleftforhome.D.Hewaschosenasthemostrespectableteacherbyhisstudents.
4、 WhatareAmericanhighschoolslikeWellImhappytotellyouwhatIknow. WhenIstartedschoolhereithadalreadybeenaweeksincetheschoolopened.Atthisschoolfreshmenusuallygoonatripforaboutthreedaysatthebeginningofschool.UnfortunatelyImissedthatwonderfultripwhichwouldhavebeenthebesttimetogettoknowmyclassmates.Iwasreallysad.IwishedIdknownaboutitearlier. DespitethedisappointmenthoweverIgraduallyadaptedtomynewlifeandschool. Thereisaspaceinthebasementoftheteachingbuildingwherestudentschatandmeeteachother.Aswedonotalwayshavethesameclassroomsandclassmatestheschoolwantsustogettoknoweachotherthere.Studentsusuallyetoschoolearlysitinthatspaceandhavefun.Aroundthespacetherearemanylockersforstudentstoleavetheirbooksinsothatstudentsdonothavetocarryaheavyschoolbageverywhere. Itreallysurprisesmethatwehavealmostnotextbooks.WeonlyhavetextbooksforWorldHistoryandAlgebraandtheyarebigandheavylikebricks.Forotherclassesweonlyneedbinders活页夹withpaperinthem.Withouttextbooksstudentslearnthingsfreelyandactively.Forexamplemyhumanitiesteacherjustteachesuswhatisinhermindatthetime.Weneverknowwhatwewilllearn. AnotherdifferencebetweenAmericanschoolsandChineseschoolsisthatAmericanschoolscareaboutstudentsmoralitymorethantheiracademicstudies.Forexampleifyoudonotfinishyourhomeworkyouwilljustbeaskedtodoitlaterbutifyoucheatorlieyouwillgetawarningorevenbekickedout. IthinkthatmoststudentsherearegoodatschoolworkaswellbutparedtoChinesestudentstheycanmakelearningamorejoyfulexperience.Ithinkweshouldtakethegoodpointsfromourtwodifferentkindsofeducationtoperfectourapproachtostudying.
1.WhatwasthewritersadforA.Hewaslateforschool.B.Hemissedthetripatthebeginningofschool.C.Hedidn’tknowanyone.D.Americanstudentslookeddownuponhim.
2.WhydostudentsgotothebasementoftheteachingbuildingA.Toattendclass.B.Toshareaclassroom.C.Tohavefun.D.Tomeetteachers.
3.AccordingtothepassageinAmericanhighschools _______.A.youarelikelytobekickedoutifyoucheatB.youllbepunishedifyoudonotfinishyourhomeworkC.studentsarebetteratschoolworkthanChinesestudentsD.studentscaremuchaboutthegradestheyget
5、 OneyearagoIpaidnoattentiontoEnglishidiomsthoughmyteacheremphasized强调theirimportanceagainandagain.ButsoontheimportanceofEnglishidiomswasshowninanamusingexperience. OnedayIhappenedtomeetanEnglishmanontheroadandsoonwebegantotalk.AsIwastalkingabouthowIwasstudyingEnglishtheforeignerseemedtobeastonished. Gentlyshakinghisheadshrugginghisshouldershesaid“Youdon’tsay!”“Youdon’tsay!”Iwaspuzzled.Ithoughtperhapsthiswasnotanappropriatetopic.I’dbetterchangethetopic.SoIsaidtohim“WellshallwetalkabouttheGreatWallBythewayhaveyoueverbeenthere”“CertainlyeveryonebackhomewilllaughatmeifIleaveChinawithoutseeingit.Itwasmagnificent.’’HewasdeepinthoughtwhenIbegantotalklikeatouristguide. “TheGreatWallisoneofthewondersintheworld.Weareveryproudofit.SoonIwasinterruptedagainbyhiswords“Youdon’tsay!”Icouldn’thelpasking“Whydoyouaskmenottotalkaboutit”“WellIdidn’taskyoutodoso”heansweredgreatlysurprised.Isaid“Didn’tyousay‘Youdon’tsay!HearingthistheEnglishmanlaughedtotears.Hebegantoexplain“‘Youdon’tsay!’actuallymeans‘Really!’Itisanexpressionofsurprise.PerhapsyoudontpayattentiontoEnglishidioms.OnlythendidIknowIhadmadeafoolofmyself.SincethenIhavebeenmorecarefulwithidiomaticexpressions.Remember:whattheEnglishteacherssaidisalwaysrighttousstudents.
1.Atfirstonhearing“Youdon’tsay!”Ithoughttheforeignermeant __________.A.hewasnotinterestedinthetopicB.hewasonlyinterestedintheGreatWallC.IhadtalkedtoomuchD.Ihadtostoptalkingatonce
2.AftertheEnglishmanexplainedtheidiom_______.A.IfeltproudofmyunderstandingB.theEnglishmanmadeafoolofhimselfC.IfeltverysillyD.Ibecamemorecarefulineverything
3.WhatdoesthewritertrytotellusA.Whenyouarespeakingtoaforeigneryoushouldbecareful.B.Englishidiomsareimportant.C.Foreignersarehardtounderstand.D.Learningaforeignlanguageisdifficult.
4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageA.TheEnglishmanleftChinawithoutseeingtheGreatWall.B.TheEnglishmanwantedtoseetheGreatWallafterItalkedaboutit.C.TheEnglishmanwantedmetoactashisguide.D.TheEnglishmanvisitedtheGreatWallandthoughtitworthvisiting.
6、Anunlikelybestfriend OnceagainIwasinanewschooLSowasagirlinmyclassnamedParis.Thatswherethesimilaritiesended. Iwastallandshewassmall.Iwasoneoftheoldestintheclasswhileshewastheyoungest.Iwasawkward笨拙的andshy.Shewasn’t.Icouldn’tstandherconsideringhermyenemy.Butshewantedtobefriends. OnedaysheinvitedmeoverandIsaidyes—Iwastooshockedtosayno.Actuallynoonehadinvitedmeovertoplaybefore.Butthisgirlwhoworethelatestfashionswantedtoseeme. Shelivedonthefourthfloorinatwo-roomplacewithhermotherherstepfatherhertwobrothersandhersister.WhenwegottotheroomshesharedwithhersistershetookoutabigcaseofBarbies—whichwasmynextsurprise.Iwouldhavethoughtshe’doutgrown长大而放弃them.Ihadneverplayedwiththem.Butwesatonthefloorofawalk-incupboardlaughingaswemadeupcrazystoriesabouttheBarbies.Thatswhenwefoundoutthatwebothwantedtobewriterswhenwewereolder.Webothhadwildimaginations. Wehadagreatdaythatafternoon.Ourjaws下巴achedfromsmilingsomuch.Sheshowedmeheroutfits外套whichhadalmostefromadesignerclothingstoredowntheblock.Thewomanwhoowneditusedherasamodelsometimesforhernewspaperadsandgaveherclothesinexchange. Parishadthewholeneighborhoodcharmed使入迷.Thebookstoreownerslentherfashionmagazinesthemovietheatergaveherfreepassesandthepizzaplaceletherhavefreepieces.SoonIwasincludedinhermagicworld.Wesleptoverateachothershousesandspenteveryfreemomenttogether.MydarkhairgrewoutandIlearnedtolovebeingtall. Parismyfirstrealfriendsincechildhoodhelpedmegetthroughthetoughteenageyearsandtaughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriends:your“worstenemy”canturnouttobeyourbestfriend.
1.ThewriterandParisweresimilarinthat ________.A.theywerebothnewstudentsB.bothofthemwerefriendlyC.bothofthemweretallD.theywereboththeyoungestinclass
2.InthearticlethewriterdescribesParisasagirlwhowas ________.A.awkwardandshyB.fashionableandproudC.quietandlonelyD.friendlyandlovely
3.WhatdidthewriterlearnfromParisA.Howtomakebestuseofyourneighborhood.B.Howtodressandlookfashionable.C.Howtobeeagoodwriter.D.Howtomakefriends.
4.FromthearticlewecanseethatthroughherfriendshipwithParisthewriter ________.A.foundsheandParishadmoresimilaritiesthandifferencesB.wasabletofitinathernewschoolwithParishelpC.wasnotsoawkwardorshyasbeforeD.learnedmoreaboutfashionherself答案以及解析1答案及解析答案
1.A;
2.B;
3.D;
4.A解析
1.细节理解题根据第二段的内容可知只有A句不对故选A项
2.细节理解题.根据第五段中的“Thearmyhoweverhadhimtrainotherpilots.”可知B项正确
3.细节理解题.根据第五段最后一句可知D项正确.
4.主旨大意题.根据倒数第二段的内容可知主要介绍的是吉米的成就.误解分析:易错项是B项意为“贡献”2答案及解析答案
1.D;
2.A;
3.C;
4.B解析
1.细节理解题从第二段第一句中的“buttheanswerdidn’tconfirmhispetenceinphysics”可知这个学生的解题方法没有体现物理方面的知识是他得零分的原因
2.细节理解题从倒数第二段中的“ThenIaskedthestudentifhereallydidnotknowtheconventionalanswertothisquestion.Headmittedthathedid”可知这个学生知道被期待的答案是什么故A项正确
3.推理判断题从最后两段的内容可知Bohr富有创造性思维并获得了诺贝尔奖由此推断文章主张学生应该被允许自由地思考
4.观点态度题从倒数第二段中的“butsaidthathewasfedupwithhighschoolandcollegeinstructorstryingtoteachhimhowtothink”可知Bohr对他接受的教育持批判的态度3答案及解析答案
1.A;
2.A;
3.D;
4.C;
5.A解析
1.细节理解题根据文章第一段的“MydegreewithhonorsinEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.”可知作者在获得英国文学学位的荣誉的过程中并没有学习到什么实用的东西由此可知选项A符合题意
2.推理判断题根据第二段的最后两句IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.”可知作者和家人都对这个决定没有掉以轻心由此推断他们应该是讨论了这个决定
3.细节理解题根据文章第三段中的“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone...Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.Iwouldbegoingtoasmallvillage.可知作者在众多的应试者中脱颖而出并通过考试最终被录用所以选项D符合题意
4.细节理解题根据文章倒数第二段中的theyofferedtheirhomes’heartsandfoodasifIweretheirownfamily”可知作者到达时受到了当地村民热情的招待故C项符合题意
5.推理判断题根据文章最后两段中的“...Ilearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.”和“...thosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid...didnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage.可知作者在适应当地生活和文化方面有困难【长难句分析】SometimeduringthatperiodIrealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdidthoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguageandIreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.在那期间我有时候意识到虽然我没能学会当地的语言但回到美国之后我却变成了一个与众不同的人但是所有那些对我来说似乎是奇怪的或不寻常的东西不再奇怪和不寻常了该句为复合句主句中含有that引导的宾语从句句中第二个that引导的是宾语从句作realized的宾语;从句中that引导定语从句修饰allthosethings;though引导让步状语从句4答案及解析答案
1.B;
2.C;
3.A解析
1.细节理解题根据第二段第三句中的UnfortunatelyImissedthatwonderfultrip很遗憾“我”错过了那次美妙的旅行故选B
2.细节理解题根据第四段第一句Thereisaspaceinthebasementoftheteachingbuildingwherestudentschatandmeeteachother.教学楼的地下室有一个空间学生可以在那里聊天、会面及第三句Studentsusuallyetoschoolearlysitinthatspaceandhavefua学生们通常很早来到学校坐在那个空间里玩乐故选C
3.细节理解题根据倒数第二段最后一句...ifyoucheatorlieyouwillgetawarningorevenbekickedout.可知如果你作弊或说谎你将得到警告或被开除故选A5答案及解析答案
1.A;
2.C;
3.B;
4.D解析
1.细节理解题根据第二段中的Ithoughtperhapsthiswasnotanappropriatetopic.I’dbetterchangethetopic.可知答案为A
2.细节理解题由最后一段中的OnlythendidIknowIhadmadeafoolofmyself.可知C项正确makeafoolofoneself意为“出丑”
3.写作意图题作者讲述自己的亲身经历旨在告诉我们学习英语习语的重要性第一段的第二句说明了这一点
4.推理判断题根据第三段中的“CertainlyeveryonebackhomewilllaughatmeifIleaveChinawithoutseeingit.Itwasmagnificent.”可知答案为D6答案及解析答案
1.A;
2.D;
3.D;
4.C解析
1.细节理解题从第一句话OnceagainIwasinanewschool.SowasagirlinmyclassnamedParis.看出两人都是新生从第二段看出B、C、D都是错误选项
2.从第二段两人的对比中可以看出Paris跟作者awkwardandshy不同既友善又可爱
3.从最后一段...taughtmeanamazingandverysurprisingthingaboutmakingfriends…看出作者从Paris那里学到了如何跟人交朋友
4.从倒数第二段Mydarkhairgrewoutand Ilearnedtolovebeingtall.看出作者和Paris的友谊对她帮助很大。