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阅读理解-推理判断二
1、 DoyourememberthenameofyourkindergartenteacherIdo.HernamewasMrsWhite. Idontremembermuchaboutwhatwelearnedinherclassbutmymotheroncetoldmethatweusedtowritealot.AndIwouldbringbackwhatIwroteandshewouldlookatitandfindthereweresomanymistakesbutnoredcorrectionsandalwaysastar.SometimesevenaGood!ThisworriedmymothersoonedaywhenshewenttomeetMrsWhiteforoneofthoseparent-teachermeetingssheaskedherwhysheneverred-penciledmymistakesintherightspellingsofwordsorpointedoutgrammaticalerrors. “Thechildrenarejustbeginningtogetexcitedaboutusingwordsorformingsentences.Idontwanttodamagethatenthusiasmwithredink.Spellingandgrammarcanwait.Thewonderofwordswon’tMrsWhitesaid. LaterIknewthatifMrsWhitehadusedherredpenoften.Iprobablywouldntbetellingyouaboutthisnow.Ilookbacknowandthinkshemusthavebeenaratherextraordinaryteachertoexercisesuchred-pen-restraint限制.Iusedtomisspell“beautiful”alotandnevercouldquiterememberthatthe“e”wentbeforethe“a”.Itannoyedmyteacherinhighschool.IfIwasgoingtoemploythewordwithsuchlavishness华丽丰富的语言shefiguredtheleastIcoulddowasspellitright.Eventuallythee’sanda’ssettledintotheirrightholdasmuchasyoumeansometimes. AndthankstoMrsWhiteIhadnoworryaboutwritingwhatImeantevenifIcouldntquitespellitout.Becauselifeisn’t“Pretty”.It’s“Beautiful”.
1.Theunderlinedword“This”inthesecondparagraphreferstothefactthat ________.A.IalwaysmademistakesinmyspellingB.MrsWhiteoftenmadewrongcorrectionsC.MrsWhitesattitudetowardsmymistakeswasspecialD.Motherwantedtoknowhowtoimprovemyspellings
2.FromwhatMrsWhitesaidwecaninferthat _________.A.grammarandspellingshouldbepaidmoreattentiontoB.childrendon’thavethepatienceinspellingwordsC.children’sinterestoflearningwordsisveryimportantD.redcorrectionsareusedtodrawchildrensattention
3.Thewritermayprobablythinkhis/herhighschoolteacher _________.A.taughtinthesamewayasMrsWhitehaddoneB.wasnotsatisfiedwithhis/hermistakesmadeinspellingC.shouldtellhim/herhowtoimprovewordsspellingD.paidmuchattentiontoteachingstudentstouseproperwords
2、 WhilefamousforeignarchitectsareinvitedtoleadthedesignsoflandmarkbuildingsinChinasuchasthenewCCTVtowerandtheNationalCenterforthePerformingArtsmanyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreateffortstotakethecenterstage. Theireffortshavebeenprovenfruitful.WangShua49-year-oldChinesearchitectwonthe2012PritzkerArchitecturePrize—whichisoftenreferredtoastheNobelPrizeinarchitecture—onFebruary
28.HeisthefirstChinesecitizentowinthisaward. WangservesasheadoftheArchitectureDepartmentattheChinaAcademyofArtCAA.HisofficeislocatedattheXiangshancampus校园oftheuniversityinHangzhouZhejiangProvince.Manybuildingsonthecampusarehisoriginalcreations. ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentfromthatofmostChineseuniversities.Manyvisitorswereamazedbytheplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.Thecurves曲线ofthebuildingsperfectlymatchtheriseandfallofhillsformingauniqueview. Wangcollectedmorethan7millionabandonedbricksofdifferentages.Heaskedtheworkerstousetraditionaltechniquestomakethebricksintowallsroofsandcorridors.ThiscreationattractedalotofattentionthankstoitsmixtureofmodernandtraditionalChineseelements元素. Wang’sworksshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitectureandagoodknowledgeoftraditions.ThroughsuchabalancehehadcreatedanewtypeofChinesearchitecturesaidTadaoAndothewinnerofthe1995PritzkerPrize.Wangbelievestraditionsshouldnotbesealedinglassboxesatmuseums.Thatisonlyevidencethattraditionsonceexistedhesaid. ManyChinesepeoplehaveamisunderstandingoftraditions.Theythinktraditionmeansoldthingsfromthepast.Infacttraditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreatedhesaid. TodaymanyChinesepeoplearelearningWesternstylesandtheoriesratherthanfocusingonChinesetraditions.ManypeopletendtotalkabouttraditionswithoutknowingwhattheyreallyaresaidWang.Thestudyoftraditionsshouldbebinedwithpractice.Otherwisetherecreationoftraditionswouldbeartificialandemptyhesaid.
1.Wang’swinningoftheprizemeansthatChinesearchitectsare___________.A.followingthelatestworldtrendB.gettinginternationalrecognitionC.workingharderthaneverbeforeD.relyingonforeignarchitects
2.WhatimpressedvisitorstotheCAAXiangshancampusmostA.Itshillyenvironment.B.Itslargesize.C.Itsuniquestyle.D.Itsdiversefunctions.
3.WhatmadeWang’sarchitecturaldesignasuccessA.Themixtureofdifferentshapes.B.ThebalanceofEastandWest.C.Theuseofpopulartechniques.D.Theharmonyofoldandnew.
4.WhatshouldwedoaboutChinesetraditionsaccordingtoWangA.Spreadthemtotheworld.B.Preservethematmuseums.C.Teachtheminuniversities.D.Recreatetheminpractice.
3、 Undergroundandfloating漂浮的citiesareseenasthebestsolutionsashumanitywillbefacingalivingspaceproblemby2115asurveysuggests. Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtoreach11billionin100years.Askedtoratealistof10choicesbyexpertstwofifthsofpeoplesupportbuildingdownwardswhileathirdrelyontheseas.Oneintenofthe2000surveyedtelltheTVchannelwhichdidthesurveyfortheshowImpossibleEngineeringthattheyexpectwecouldbelivingonMars. Thehumanracewillbeforcedtousetheoceansandevendigundergroundtocreatemorelivingspace.Accordingtothecountry-widesurveyfourintenBritonsbelievediggingdeepbeneaththeearthssurfaceistheperfectsolutiontocrowdedconditionsoverground. Andathirdthinkbuildingcitiesintheseausingsolarandtida潮汐的energywillbetheanswerwhileafifthbelieve“off-the-shelf”3D-printedhomeswillbeacheaperwaytothehousingproblem. Andadultswhowereaskedtochoosetheirfavoritesputurban都市的farmsinthetopthreewithcropsandanimalsonroofsamongtallcitybuildings.Morethanoneintenofthemfeelspacetravelwillhaveprogressedsofastby2115thatlivingonthemoonorMarswillbeachoicewhileanotheroneintenofthemsayunderwatercitieswillbethebestidea.ThesurveytomarkthebeginningofthenewseriesofImpossibleEngineeringalsofindsfloatingbuildingswiththeirownmicroclimatesarethewaytheworldwillchange. “ImpossibleEngineeringshowshowaseriesofseeminglyunrelatedbreakthroughs突破canbeputtogethertocreateamazingachievementsofengineeringbutanythingcouldhappeninthenext50years”DrMorgansaid.
1.HowmanypeoplesurveyedchoseundergroundcitiesasthebestsolutionA.
200.B.
400.C.
600.D.
800.
2.InwhichcountrywasthesurveydoneA.Britain.B.America.C.Canada.D.China.
3.Urbanfarmsarelikelytoexistin _____.A.3D-printedhomesB.outerspacehomesC.floatinghomesD.high-risehomes
4.WhatdoesDrMorganthinkofsolvingthelivingspaceprobleminthefutureA.Challenging.B.Promising.C.Interesting.D.Worrying.
4、 TheU.S.DepartmentofLaborstatistics统计showthatthereisanoversupplyofcollege-trainedworkersandthatthisoversupplyisincreasing.Alreadytherehavebeenmorethanenoughteachersengineersphysicistsaerospaceexpertsandotherspecialists.Yetcollegesandgraduateschoolscontinueeveryyeartoturnouthighlytrainedpeopletopeteforjobsthatarentthere.Theresultisthatgraduatescannotentertheprofessionsforwhichtheyweretrainedandmusttaketemporaryjobswhichdonotrequireacollegedegree. Ontheotherhandthereisagreatneedforskilledworkersofallsorts:carpenterselectriciansmechanicsplumbersTVrepairmen.Thesepeoplehavemoreworkthantheycandealwithandtheirannualinesareoftenhigherthanthoseofcollegegraduates.Theoldgapthatwhite-collarworkersmakeabetterlivingthanblue-collarworkersnolongerholdstrue.Thelawofsupplyanddemandnowfavorstheskilledworkmen. Thereasonforthissituationisthetraditionalmyththatcollegedegreeisapassporttoaprosperousfuture.AlargepartofAmericansocietymatchessuccessinlifeequallywithacollegedegree.Parentsbeginindoctrinating灌输theirchildrenwiththismythbeforetheyareoutofgradeschool.Highschoolteachersplaytheirpartbyactingasifhighschooleducationwereapreparationforcollegeratherthanforlife.Underthispressurethekidsfallinline.Whethertheywanttogotocollegeornotdoesntmatter.Everybodyshouldgotocollegesoofcoursetheymustgo.Andeveryyearcollegeenrollments入学goupandupandmoreandmoregraduatesareovereducatedforthekindsofjobsavailabletothem. Oneresultofthisemphasisonacollegeeducationisthatmanypeoplegotocollegewhodonotbelongthere.Ofthesixtypercentofhighschoolgraduateswhoentercollegehalfofthemdonotgraduatewiththeirclass.Manyofthemdropoutwithinthefirstyear.Somestruggleonfortwoorthreeyearsandthengiveup.
1.Itsimpliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat________.A.manyothercountriesarefacingthesameproblemB.white-collarworkersintheUSusedtomakemoremoneythanblue-collarworkersC.fewerstudentswillprefertogotocollegeinthefutureD.thelawofsupplyanddemandhasastrongeffectonAmericanhighereducation
2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTareasonwhycollegeenrollmentsgoupeveryyearA.Manypeoplebelievethattheonlywaytosuccessisacollegeeducation.B.Manyparentswanttheirchildrentogotocollege.C.Highschoolteachersurgetheirstudentstogotocollege.D.Everyyoungmanandwomanwantstogotocollege.
3.Bysayingthat“manypeoplegotocollegewhodonotbelongthere”theauthormeansthat________.A.manypeoplewhoarenotfitforcollegeeducationgotocollegeB.manypeoplewhodonothaveenoughmoneygotocollegeC.manypeoplewhogotocollegedropoutwithinthefirstyearD.manypeoplewhogotocollegehavetheirhopesdestroyed
4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthorbelievesthat_______.A.everyyoungmanandwomanshouldgotocollegeB.collegeeducationisabadthingC.peoplewithacollegeeducationshouldreceivehigherpayD.fewerpeopleshouldgotocollegewhilemoreshouldbetrainedforskilledjobs
5、 Itgoeswithoutsayingbutbearsrepeatingtherearetoomanycatsanddogswithouthomes.Whiletherearecountlesssheltersandrescuecentersthatexistsomepotentialpetownerslooktopetshopstofindtheirfurryfriends.Alltoooftenhowevertheseanimalsefrompuppyandkittenmills繁殖场thattreatthecreaturesincruelways.SanFranciscohoweverisdoingtheirparttostopthisabusewithpetstoreadoption.Officialsrecentlyvotedtobanthesaleofnon-rescuedogsandcatsinlocalshops. Theeffectistwo-fold.Oneitwillstopthepopularityofthelarge-scalemillswhicharefamousforthemiserableconditionscatsanddoesarekeptin.TwoitwillhelpfacilitatetheadoptionofthousandsofanimalsthatarewaitingfortheirforeverhomesinSanFranciscoshelters.District4SupervisorKatyTangwhoservesontheSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisorssupportedlaw-makingontheban.“Dogsandcatssoldinpetstoresoftenefrominhumanepuppyandkittenmillsthattreatanimalswithnoregardfortheirhealthorwell-being”shewroteonFacebook.InhermessageshealsocalledontheU.S.AgricultureDepartmenttoreinstateinformationonitswebsitethatdocumentsthesetypesofanimalcrueltycases—itwasremovedearlierthismonth. SanFrancisco’slaw-makingisavictoryforthoseconcernedaboutanimalrightsandtheyaren’tthefirstcitytopassthistypeofmeasure.LosAngelesSanDiegoChicagoPhiladelphiaBostonandAustinalsohavesimilarlawsinplacewithhopefullymoreplacestofollowsuit.
1.WhathappenedtosomedogsandcatsbeforetheygotinthepetstoresA.Theyweretreatedcruelly.B.Theywereabandonedinstreets.C.Theyreceivedwarmwele.D.Theywereraisedinsheltersandrescuecenters.
2.WhichofthefollowingmayKatyTangagreewithmostA.Peopleshouldadoptthedogsandcats.B.Animalsaretoocrueltohumansbeing.C.Governmentcanchoosetokillallthedogsandcats.D.Itisnotrighttobanthesaleofnon-rescuedogsandcatsinlocalshops.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinstate”inParagraph2meanA.updateB.replaceC.postagainD.download
4.WhatdoesthelastparagraphmainlyfocusonA.NoChinesecityjoinsthistypeofmovement.B.SanFranciscoisthelastcitytobanpetstores.C.Americanscareaboutanimalsmorethanhumans.D.Moreandmorecitiesareinvolvedinanimalrights.
6、 It’srarethatyouseethewords“shyness”and“letter”inthesamesentence.Afterallthemonviewpointisthatthoseoutgoingandsociableguysmakegreatpublicspeakersandexcellentnetworkersandthatthoseshypeoplearenot.AsurveyconductedbyUSATodayreferredto65percentofexecutiveswhobelievedshynesstobeabarriertoleadership.Interestinglythesamearticlestressesthatroughly40percentofleadersactuallyarequiteshy—theyrejustbetteratadaptingthemselvestosituationaldemands.BillGatesWarrenBuffetandCharlesSchwabarejustafewinnies. Unliketheiroutgoingcounterpartswhoaremoresensitivetorewardsandrisk-takingshypeopletakeacautiousapproachtochance.Ratherthantheflashychit-chatthatdefinessocialgatheringshypeoplelistenattentivelytowhatotherssayandabsorbitbeforetheyspeak.Theyrenotthinkingaboutwhattosaywhiletheotherpersonisstilltalkingbutratherlisteningsotheycanlearnwhattosay.Alongthesamelinesshypeopleshareamonloveoflearning.Theyareintrinsically内在地 motivatedandthereforeseekcontentregardlessofachievinganoutsidestandard. Beingshycanalsobringotherbenefits.RememberbeinginschoolandhearingthesamekidscontributeuntilshylittleJohnnywhoalmostneversaidawordcutinThenwhathappenedEveryoneturnedaroundtolookwithgreatrespectatlittleJohnnyactuallytalking.Thisishowshypeoplemadegooduseoftheirpowerofpresence:theyownthemomentbyspeakingcalmlyandpurposefullywhichtranslatetoapositiveimage. Shynessisoftenrelatedtomodesty.Nottosaythatlimelight-seekersarentmodestbutshypeopletendtohaveanaccuratesenseoftheirabilitiesandachievements.Asaresulttheyareabletoacknowledgemistakesimperfectionsknowledgegapsandlimitations. Sinceshypeoplehavealowersensitivitytooutsiderewardsthanoutgoingonestheyremorefortableworkingwithlittleinformationandstickingtotheirinnerdesires.Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthatarentprimarilyapparent.DontbelievemeMaybeyoullbelieveAlbertEinsteinwhooncesaidItsnotthatImsosmartitsthatIstaywithproblemslonger.Obviouslyfindingcertaintywhereuncertaintyistypicallypopularisahugeplusforanysuccessfulperson. Themyththatshypeoplearelesseffectiveleadersthantheiroutgoingfellowsisjustamisunderstanding.Makewiseuseofyourpersonalitystrengthstoleadyourbusinessnomatterwhatsideoftherangeyoufallon.
1.WecanlearnfromParagraph2that_______.A.shypeoplearesensitivetorewardsB.shypeoplecaremoreaboutcontentC.outgoingpeoplearemorecarefulaboutchancesD.outgoingpeopleconsiderwhattolearnwhilelistening
2.TheexampleofJohnnyshows______.A.shypeoplearelikelytobemodestB.hardworkingstudentsspeaklittleinpublicC.somestudentskeepsilentonpurposeatschoolD.shypeoplemayhaveanadvantageindiscussion
3.WecanlearnfromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph5that______.A.shynessresultsinsuccessB.shynesscontributestopopularityC.outsiderewardleadstoinsistenceD.uncertaintycountsmorethancertainty
4.Theauthorsupportshisideasmainlyby______.A.givingdefinitionsandpresentingresearchresultsB.explainingproblemsandprovidingsolutionsC.quotingauthoritiesandmakingevaluationsD.makingcontrastsandgibingexamples答案以及解析1答案及解析答案
1.C;
2.C;
3.B解析
1.代词指代题由上文可知即使作者在写作中出现了很多错误怀特老师从不给予纠正而是给颗星星有时甚至批阅“Good”正是老师的这种态度引起了母亲的担心
2.推理判断题由文章第三段怀特老师不想通过批改孩子们的作文而使他们丧失了对写作的热情可知孩子们学习文字的兴趣是十分重要的
3.推理判断题根据第四段第
四、五句可知作者的高中老师因为他/她总犯拼写错误而很恼火甚至告诉作者在想使用丰富的词汇时至少先把单词拼写准确2答案及解析答案
1.B;
2.C;
3.D;
4.D解析这是一篇新闻报道文章主要报道了中国建筑设计师王澍在其作品中融合中国传统建筑文化获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利策奖这让中国建筑现在得到了国际认可
1.推理判断题根据文章第二段的内容可知王澍获得2012年普利策奖而普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖他是第一个获此奖的中国人故推知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可故B项正确
2.细节理解题根据文章第四段对CAA校园的描述可知它的设计风格独特与大多数中国大学的校园很不同许多游客感对复杂的建筑空间和丰富的建筑类型感到吃惊故C正确
3.细节理解题根据文章第六段1995年普利策奖的获得者TadaoAndo的评语可知王澍设计的成功之处是把中国传统元素融入现代设计并保持两者的和谐故D正确
4.推理判断题根据文章最后一段和倒数第三段中Infacttraditionalsoreferstothethingsthathavebeendevelopingandthatarestillbeingcreated可知传统的研究要与实践相结合在实践中进行再创造否则就会是人工的和空的故D正确【点睛】根据事实细节推断合理信息推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上作出一定判断和推论从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话也可是某几句话但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理也就是说要做到判断有据推论有理忠实原文切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意切忌片面思考得出片面结论此题的第一小题和第四小题为推理判断题第1题根据第二段第二句可知WangShu获得2012年普利策奖相当于建筑界的诺贝尔奖再根据第三句他是第一个获此奖的中国人可知中国建筑现在得到了国际认可因得到认可才能获奖此题的解题关键时根据原文的两个信息句进行的判断而ACD原文中没有提及3答案及解析答案
1.D;
2.A;
3.D;
4.B解析
1.细节理解题根据第二段的twofifthsofpeoplesupportbuildingdownwards以及后文的ofthe2000surveyed可知参加调査的一共有2000人其中2/5的人赞成建造地下城市故一共800人赞成
2.细节理解题根据文章第三段的AccordingtothecountrywidesurveyfourintenBritonsbelieve并综合本文内容可知本文主要讲了一个在英国进行的民意调査故答案选A
3.推理判断题根据文章第五段的withcropsandanimalsonroofsamongtallcitybuildings可推知城市农场只能出现在高屋住宅中
4.推理判断题根据最后一段的butanythingcouldhappeninthenext50years可知DrMorgan认为一切皆有可能所以他认为解决未来居住空间的问题是有希望的4答案及解析答案
1.B;
2.D;
3.A;
4.D解析
1.本文通过调查分析告诉人们要改变传统观念应首先考虑选择技术工作的培训—因为它人才缺乏待遇更高小题1:推断题阅读全文可知A、C原文没有提到D在原文已明确提到再根据Theoldgapthatwhite-collarworkersmakeabetterlivingthanbluecollarworkersnolongerholdstrue.Thelawofsupplyanddemandnowfavorstheskilledworkmen可推知在人们的眼中白领工人以前比蓝领工人赚钱多故B为正确选项
2.细节题根据Whethertheywanttogotocollegeornotdoesn’tmatter.Everybodyshouldgotocollegesoofcoursetheymustgo可知上大学不是出于学生本意而是出于父母及学校等方面的压力可见D不是大学入学人数增加的原因
3.推断题根据最后一段Ofthesixtypercentofhighschoolgraduateswhoentercollegehalfofthemdonotgraduatewiththeirclass.Manyofthemdropoutwithinthefirstyear.Somestruggleonfortwoorthreeyearsandthengiveup可知作者列举了三种情况说明有些人不适合大学教育故选A
4.推断题阅读全文可知作者通过调查告诉人们大学教育人才过多而技术工人又非常缺乏因而待遇反而更高;接着又分析了造成这种状况的传统观念;最后还谈到了很多上了大学却因种种原因无法完成学业所有这些都在暗示人们上大学的人应该减少而参加技术工作培训的人应该增多故选D5答案及解析答案
1.A;
2.A;
3.C;
4.D解析
1.细节理解题根据第二段中的“Dogsandcatssoldinpetstoresoftenefrominhumant-puppyandkittenmillsthattreatanimalswithnoregardforiheirhealthorwell-being”可知它们曾遭受过虐待故选A
2.推理判断题根据第二段可知第4区主管KatyTang支持禁令赞成小动物等待人们来收养让它们有个永恒的家园由此可知选A
3.同义猜测题根据第二段内容可知选C
4.推理判断题根据尾段内容可知洛杉矶、圣迭戈、芝加哥、费城、波士顿和奥斯汀也有类似的法律希望有更多的地方能效仿由此可推断出越来越多的城市加入这种有关动物权利保护的行列故选D6答案及解析答案
1.B;
2.D;
3.A;
4.D解析
1.推理判断题第二段说的是害羞的人的特征由Theyareintrinsically内在地motivatedandthereforeseekcontentregardlessofachievinganoutsidestandard.可知选B
2.推理判断题根据题干中的littleJohnny定位到文章第三段根据本段内容可知选D
3.推理判断题作者引用伟人的话是为了印证自己的观点由前文中…workingwithlittleinformationandstickingtotheirinnerdesires.Shypeoplearealsomorelikelytoinsistonfindingsolutionsthatarentprimarilyapparent.及该句句意可知选A
4.推理判断题通读全文可知作者主要通过对比和举例的方式论证自己的观点故选D。