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Unit16Stories[一积词汇见多识广] [课内单词回扣]一阅读词汇写其义1.biographyn.传记
2.fantasyn.想象幻想物3.victimn.受害者
4.preciousadj.宝贵的,珍贵的5.architecturen.建筑
6.vividadj.生动的,逼真的7.awkwardadj.笨拙的,令人不舒服的
8.monumentn.纪念碑,纪念堂9.specificadj.详细的;特定的
10.clumsyadj.笨拙的;不得体的11.formeradj.以前的
12.apparentadj.明显的,显而易见的13.tiresomeadj.讨厌的,令人厌倦的_
14.tenseadj.紧张的_二表达词汇写其形1.abandonvt.放弃;遗弃
2.preservevt.保护,保存3.witnessv.目击
4.lossn.遗失,丢失5.gathervi.vt.聚集
6.sorrown.悲伤,难过7.sympathyn.同情
8.burstvi.爆炸;冲,闯9.expandv.扩大,扩充
10.hardshipn.艰苦,困苦11.severeadj.严重的,严厉的
12.eageradj.渴望的;热衷的13.plexadj.复杂的
14.breakthroughn.突破,重大发现15.applaudv.鼓掌
16.occurvi.发生三拓展词汇灵活用*
1.discouragevt.使泄气,使灰心→discouragedadj.气馁的,泄气的→couragen.勇气→encouragevt.鼓励*
2.sufferingn.痛苦,困难→sufferv.遭受*
3.musicaladj.音乐的n.音乐剧,音乐片→musicn.音乐→musiciann.音乐家
4.abnormaladj.反常的,不正常的→normaladj.正常的;通常的*
5.admirableadj.令人钦佩的,极佳的→admirevt.尊敬;钦佩→admirationn.尊敬;钦佩*
6.significancen.重要性,意义→significantadj.重大的;有重要意义的7.restrictionn.限制,约束→restrictvt.限制,约束
8.particularlyadv.特别地,特定地→particularadj.特别的;挑剔的9.unbearableadj.不能忍受的→bearableadj.可忍受的→bearv.忍耐
10.gradualadj.逐渐的→graduallyadv.逐渐地用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1.HavingsufferedfromthelungcancerformanyyearsJohnsuffered_alotofpainandthesufferingshehadwerebeyonddescription.2.ThefailureintheEnglishcontestdiscouragedmybrother.Whatsworsehefeltdiscouragedinothersubjects.InordertohelphimregainhiscourageandgetrelaxedmyparentsandIallencouragedhimtotakeatrip.3.Thisyoungmusicianshowedhistalentsformusicwhenhewassixyearsoldandhismusicalabilitywashighlyspokenofbypeople.4.MoststudentsthinkitsignificanttojointheEnglishcornerthoughafewhaventrealizedthesignificanceofit.5.BecauseofhisadmirablesuccessinplayingbasketballmanyteenagersadmireMichaelJordanandthinkhedeservestheiradmiration.[话题单词积累]1.dynasty/dɪnəstɪ/n. 朝代2.emperor/empərər/n. 皇帝3.queen/kwiːn/n.女王,王后4.slavery/sleɪvərɪ/n.奴隶制度5.battle/bætəl/n.战斗;战役6.ancestor/ænsestər/n.祖先7.origin/ɔrɪdʒɪn/n.起源;由来8.weapon/wepən/n.武器9.aggression/əɡreʃən/n.侵略10.revolution/ˌrevəluːʃən/n.革命11.uprising/ʌpraɪzɪŋ/n.起义12.incident/ɪnsɪdənt/n.事变13.massacre/mæsəkər/n.大屠杀14.invade/ɪnveɪd/vt.侵略15.occupy/ɒkjupaɪ/vt.攻占;忙于16.historical/hɪstɒrɪkl/adj.与历史有关的,史学的17.betray/bɪtreɪ/vt.出卖,泄露机密18.escape/ɪskeɪp/vi.逃跑;逃走19.feudal/fjuːdl/adj.封建的20.ancient/eɪnʃənt/adj.古代的21.primitive/prɪmɪtɪv/adj.原始的;远古的22.historic/hɪstɒrɪk/adj.历史上著名或重要的23.period/pɪərɪəd/n.时期,时代24.attack/ətæk/vt.n.进攻,攻击,侵害25.explode/ɪkspləʊd/vi.爆炸26.abolish/əbɔlɪʃ/vt.废除;取消27.representative/ˌreprɪzentətɪv/n. 代表28.immigrant/ɪmɪgrənt/n.移民29.empire/empaɪər/n.帝国30.kingdom/kɪŋdəm/n.王国31.president/prezɪdənt/n.总统;主席32.theMay4thMovement五四运动33.Opium/əʊpiəm/War鸦片战争34.LongMarch长征35.thepass指南针36.gunpowder火药37.papermaking造纸术38.printing印刷术[二积短语顿挫抑扬] [课内短语回扣]一根据汉语写出下列短语
1.e_into_view出现 *
2.knock_sb._over撞倒某人3.once_upon_a_time_从前
4.block_out_堵住5.in_a_way_从某种程度上说
6.name_...after_以……命名*
7.e_across偶然遇见;被理解*
8.hold_up支撑起;延误,推迟*
9.count_on_依靠;指望;确信
10.figure_out_理解
11.end_up以……结束*
12.put_up_with容忍,忍受*
13.in_particular特别,尤其
14.refer_to查阅;提到;涉及;提交
15.on_the_way_to在去……的路上
16.now_that既然,由于二用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1.Iwastoldthatanoldladyhadbeenknocked_overbyatruckwhencrossingtheroad.2.Whencooperatingwithothersweshouldlearntoput_up_withtheirshortingsandtrytodiscovertheirstrengths.3.Whenyoue_acrossanydifficultyinyourlifedontgetdiscouragedeasily.4.Shelovesthesongin_particular_becausehermotherusedtosingit.5.Youaremybestfriend.IknowIcancount_onyouforgoodadvicefromtimetotime.6.Womenareplayingamoreandmoreimportantpartinsociety—theyhold_uphalfthesky.[话题短语积累]1.inpeace 和平2.atwar交战3.turnagainst背叛4.serveinthearmy服役5.defend...against...防御……6.datebackto追溯到7.datefrom起源于,始于8.breakout爆发9.inmemoryof为了纪念……10.haveahistoryof有……的历史11.declarewaron对……宣战12.votefor/against投票支持/反对13.onbehalfof代表14.etopower上台执政15.inthelongrun从长远来看16.Chinesecivilization中华文明17.cradleofcivilization文明的摇篮18.unificationofthecountrybyEmperorQinshihuang秦始皇统一中国[三积句式写作扮靓] [课内句式仿写]1.nowthat引导原因状语从句[例句] NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguageshewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.[仿写] 既然你知道我有麻烦,如果你能伸出援助之手我将感激不尽Now_thatyouknowIamintroubleIwouldappreciateitifyoucangivemeahand.2.Itis/was+the+序数词+time+that...[例句] ItwasthefirsttimeHelenhadunderstoodsuchaplexword—awordforsomethingshecouldnttouch.[仿写] 我感到有点紧张,因为那是我第一次在公众面前演讲Iwasfeelingabitnervousbecauseit_was_the_first_time_thatIhadgivenaspeechinpublic.3.形容词短语作状语[例句] AndsothedaywentonuntilfinallyIclimbedtiredandashamedintobed.[仿写] 又饿又累,我得停下好好歇会儿Hungry_and_tired_Ihadtostoptohaveagoodrest.[话题佳句背诵]1.Tangacplishedsplendidachievementsintheareasofpoliticseconomymilitaryaffairscultureforeignrelationsandsoon.唐朝在政治、经济、军事、文化、中外关系等方面都取得了辉煌的成就2.Inancienttimesthefastwaytotravelwastorideahorseorcarriage.在古代,最快的旅行方式是骑马或坐马车3.AtthebeginningoftheTangDynastyintheseventhcenturythelanterndisplayswouldlastthreedays.在七世纪的唐朝初年,彩灯的展示会一直持续3天4.Onlywhenthesystemhasbeenabolishedwillitbepossibletoabolishpovertyunemploymentandwar.只有废除了这种制度才有可能消除贫困、失业和战争[四背语段语感流畅] Atrafficaccidentoccurredat5pmyesterday.Anineyearoldgirlwasknockedoverbyatruckandwaskilledonthespot.Hearingthenewsthegirlsmotherburstoutcrying.Shedidntknowhowitcameabout.Thewitnesstoldthepolicethatthedriverabandonedhistruckandescapedfromthespotwhilefindingthegirlwasdead.Allthepeoplegatheringatthespotcouldntputupwiththedriverscruelty.Andtheyallcountedonthepolicetocatchthetiresomedriverassoonaspossible.昨天下午五点发生了一起交通事故一个九岁的小女孩被一辆卡车撞倒并当场死亡听到这个消息,小女孩的母亲放声大哭起来她不知道怎么会发生这种事目击者告诉警察当卡车司机发现小女孩死亡后弃车逃离了现场所有聚集在现场的人们都无法容忍卡车司机这种残忍的行为他们都指望警察尽快抓住那个可恶的司机[第一板块 重点词汇突破] [师生共研词汇]1.abandonvt.放弃,遗弃;沉湎于某种情感n.[U]放任,放纵[经典例句] Thegamehadtobeabandonedduetothebadweather.朗文P2由于天气不好,比赛不得不终止1abandononeselfto 沉溺于……,纵情于……abandondoingsth.放弃做某事2withabandon纵情地,放任地3abandonedadj.被遗弃的,废弃的;无约束的
①Inspiteofdifficultiesthemayorneverabandonedreformingreformeducationsysteminourcity.尽管困难重重,市长从未放弃在我市进行教育改革
②Thegirlsjumpedupanddownandwavedtheirarmswithabandon.那些女孩子跳上跳下,尽情地挥舞着手臂
③Youshouldntabandon_yourself_tosmokinganymorewhichmayruinyourbodysoonerorlater.你不能再沉迷于抽烟了,抽烟迟早会毁了你的身体2.preservevt.保护,保存;维护n.动植物保护区[教材原句] InawayPompeiiislikea“timecapsule”preservingafrozenmomentinhistory.从某种程度上说庞培古城如同一粒时间胶囊,保存了历史上被封存的瞬间1preservesb./sth.fromsth. 保护……免受……preservesth.+adj.把某物保存得……2naturepreserve自然保护区3preservationn.保护,保存
①AlthoughithaswitnessedsomanyhistoricalchangestheGreektempleremainswellpreservedpreserve.尽管历尽沧桑,这座希腊寺庙仍保存得很好
②Itisourdutytopreserve_the_environment_from_being_polluted/pollution.保护环境免受污染是我们的义务
③Thepaintingsareinanexceptionalfinestateofpreservationpreservewhichareofgreatvaluetohistoricalstudy.这些画保存完好,它们对历史研究有很大的价值[联想发散] preserve与reserve词形相似,但reserve意为“保留;预订”3.witnessvt.目击;见证vi.为……作证n.目击者;证人[高考佳句] Overtheyearshewitnessedgradualchangesintheclass.2015·广东高考读写任务一年来,她目睹了班里逐渐发生的变化1witnessfor 为……作证witnesstodoingsth.证明/作证做某事2beawitnessto目击,看见;为……提供证据give/bearwitnessto为……作证/证明
①Shewitnessedto_having_seenseethemanenterthebuilding.她作证说看到此人进了那栋楼
②Thefollowingmonthswas_a_witness_to_myeffortsandIfinallymadegreatprogressinanotherimportantexam.后来的几个月见证了我的努力,我最终在另一个重要考试中取得了很大的进步
③Willyougive_witness_totheagreementbetweenus您作为我们协议签署的见证人可以吗?[名师点津] witness作动词时,常用拟人化的方式陈述事实,即用事物名词直接作主语,表述既简洁又形象有类似用法的动词还有seefind等
④Tokyowillwitnessthe2020OlympicGames.2020年奥运会将在东京举行4.occuroccurredoccurredvi.发生,出现;被想起[教材原句] TheeruptionhadoccurredonAugust24th79AD.那次火山爆发发生在公元79年8月24日sth.occurs/occurredtosb. 某事被某人想起Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that...某人想起……Itoccurs/occurredtosb.todosth.某人想起做某事
①Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovationyouneedtohandinareportexplaininghowtheideaoccurs_toyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.2014·辽宁高考书面表达除了你奇妙的创意作品外,你需要提交一份报告,解释你怎么想到这个点子的,你用的是什么材料
②It_occurred_to_him_thathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要的会议
③Isupposeit_didnt_occur_to_you_to_phonethepolice.我想你根本就没想到打电话报警吧[联想发散] “某人想起……”结构还有
①sb.thinksofsth.
②sth.strikes/hitssb.
③itstrikes/hitssb.that...
④sb.hitson/uponsth.
⑤sth.estosb./mind5.burstvi.爆炸,冲,闯;突然出现vt.使破裂;使爆炸n.爆发,突发[教材原句] Thebuildingexplodedbecauseagaspipehadburst.因为天然气管道破裂,这幢楼爆炸了1burstinto/in 突然闯进;破门而入burstout突然迸发;爆发burstintotears/laughter=burstoutcrying/laughing突然大哭/大笑burstwithanger/joy/grief勃然大怒/乐不可支/悲痛欲绝2aburstof突发的响声;情感的突然爆发
①Whenitcametothesadpartshecouldnthelpbut_burst_into_tears.当谈到伤心处她情不自禁地哭起来
②Heburst_into/inwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.他没敲门就闯进房间,这使我非常生气
③Hisappearanceontheplatformwasgreetedwitha_burst_of_applause.他在讲台上的出现,被致以一阵热烈的掌声6.discouragevt.使泄气,使灰心;阻止,劝阻[教材原句] Weoughttobefocusingondiscouragingkidsfromsmoking.我们应把重点放在劝阻孩子们吸烟上1discouragesb.fromdoingsth. 阻止某人做某事2discouragementn.阻止;泄气;挫折3discouragedadj.泄气的;气馁的be/getdiscouraged变得灰心,泄气discouragingadj.令人泄气的
①Myfatherisalawyerandhediscouraged_me_from_enteringthefield.我父亲是一位律师,他不让我从事这个行业
②Sparenoefforttoacquireknowledgeandneverget_discouragedeasilynomatterhowdifficultthesituationmaybe.2015·福建高考书面表达不管形势有多么困难,一定要不遗余力地获取知识,不要轻易地灰心泄气
③Thefailurewasabigblowtohimbuthewasntdiscourageddiscourageandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.2015·福建高考单选这次失败对他来说是一次不小的打击,但是他没有气馁,很快就像以前那样乐观了7.eageradj.渴望的,热衷的[教材原句] NowthatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguageshewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜,她非常渴望学习更多的语言并且尽可能多地使用它beeagerforsth. 渴望某事物beeagertodosth.渴望做某事
①Theoldmaniseagerto_eebacktohishometownafterlivingabroadformanyyears.在国外生活了这么多年,这位老人非常渴望回到自己的家乡
②Coldandhungryhewas_eager_forfoodandwarmth.又冷又饿,他渴望食物和温暖[联想发散] 表示“急切盼望做……”的短语还有
①longfor/todosth.
②bedying/anxiousfor/todosth.
③behungry/thirstyforsth.
④bekeenon/todosth.[自主练通词汇]1.expandvt.vi.扩大,扩充补全句子
①Theymaintainthattravellingcanhelpthemexpand_their_scope_of_knowledge扩大知识范围.
②Hehopesthathisstorecan_be_expanded_into_a_supermarket可以扩大成一家超市.2.lossn.遗失;丢失单句语法填空/补全句子
①Thearmywasforcedtowithdrawaftersufferingheavylosseslose.
②Policearesofarata_losstoexplainthereasonforhisdeath.
③Ihavefelta_sense_of_loss失落感eversincethedeathofmywife.
④Thepanymade_a_loss亏损of£250000initsfirstyear.3.gathervi.vt.聚集;集合;收集单句语法填空/补全句子
①Theharvesthasbeensafelygatheredinthisyear.
②Onhearingtheirteachercallingthemtheyallgatheredaroundhimquickly.
③Debbiegatheredupourclothesincaseofrain.
④Thebikegathered_speed加速asitcoasteddownthehill.
⑤OnthenightoftheMidAutumnDaypeoplegather_together聚在一起eatingmooncakesandappreciatingthefullmoon.
⑥Itookafewmomentstogather_my_thoughts整理思绪beforegoingintothemeeting.4.significancen.重要性,意义;意思,含义句型转换/补全句子
①Thefactorysetuptheyearbeforeisverysignificanttothisareaseconomy.→Thefactorysetuptheyearbeforeisofgreatsignificancetothisareaseconomy.
②ObviouslypeoplealloverChinaattach_great_significance_to_认为……有重大意义the19thNPC.[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.ThisquotationfromWinstonChurchilltellsusthatweshouldntgetdiscourageddiscouragerightafterfailures.2.Knowinghersonwaskilledinthewarsheburstwithgrief.3.Didntiteveroccurtoyouthatonedayyouwouldbefiredbecauseofyourcarelessness4.Hisgoodhealthisawitnesstothesuccessofthetreatment.5.Theorganizationwassetuptopreserveendangeredspeciesfromextinction.6.Manyyoungpeopledecidedtoabandonbuyingbuyhousesinbigcitiesbecauseofthehighhouseprice.7.Fewpeoplerealizedthesignificancesignificantofthediscovery.8.Heisalwaysatalosswhattosayinfrontofstrangers.9.Gatheringaroundthefirethetouristsdancedwiththelocalpeople.10.Thelittlegirlisextremelyeager_to_know_knowtheresultoftheexam.Ⅱ.单句改错1.ThereferencebookIboughtyesterdayisofgreatsignificanttoyourhistory.significant→significance2.AsastudentyoushouldntabandonyourselftoplayInternetgames.play→playing3.Withhermoneylostshewasatlosswhattodo.at后加a4.Everyoneintheroomburstintolaughingwhentheysawhisfunnyactions.into→out或laughing→laughter5.Allherstrengthdrainedoutwhenshewasdiscouraginginwhatshewasdoing.discouraging→discouraged6.Itwasoccurredtohimthatheshouldleavehometotryhisfortuneinthecity.去掉wasⅢ.单句写作补全句子/一句多译1.Hearingthisthewholeclassburst_into_laughter/burst_out_laughing突然大笑起来andmydeskmatesfaceturnedred.2.Parentsshoulddiscourage_their_children_from_smoking阻止他们的孩子吸烟atanearlyage.3.Eager_to_see_her_friends急于要看到她的朋友shetookataxihomeratherthanrodeabike.4.Inthisnature_preserve自然保护区wehavetakeneffectivemeasurestopreserve_our_natural_resources_from_being_damaged保护自然资源免遭破坏.5.越来越多的人沉溺于抽烟,这对他们的健康造成很大危害
①Anumberofpeopleare_lost_in_smoking_whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth.lost
②Anumberofpeopleare_addicted_to_smoking_whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth.addicted
③Anumberofpeopleabandon_themselves_to_smoking_whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth.abandon6.他忽然想到这个女孩才是他的真爱
①It_hit/struck_him_thatitisthegirlthathetrulyloves.
②It_occurred_to_him_thatitisthegirlthathetrulyloves.[第二板块 短语、句式突破] 1.eacross偶然遇见;被理解[高考佳句] WhenwalkingdownthestreetIcameacrossDavidwhomIhadntseenforyears.2016·天津高考单选沿街走路时,我偶然遇到了戴维,我们已有好几年没见了eout 出现;出版;结果是eabout发生eup发生,出现;走近;被提出eupwith提出,想出etooneself苏醒whenitestodoingsth.当谈及做某事
①Whenitestoexchanging_exchangeideasandfeelingwitheachotherhealwayskeepssilence.当说到彼此交流意见和想法时,他总是保持沉默
②Howdidite_aboutthatthemanwasdismissed那个人被解雇了是怎么回事?
③Whenisthenewedition_ing_out新版什么时候出版?[联想发散] 表示“偶遇”的短语还有runacrossmeetwitheuponmeet...bychance/accidenthappentomeet等2.holdup支撑起;承受住;延误,延迟,推迟;举起[教材原句] Shebecamequitefamouswhensheinventedanewwayofholdingupsuspensionbridgesduringthebuildingprocess.她因在建造过程中发明了一种新的支撑吊桥的方法而闻名[一词多义] 写出句中holdup的含义
①Haditnotbeenforthepostalstrikemyhomelettermightnothavebeenheldup.延误
②Howdoesheholdupundersucharesponsibility?承受住
③Thefactoryhaveironpillarsallovertheplaceholdinguptheroof.支撑起
④Toshowthisshehelduponechopstickrepresentingoneperson.举起holdon 挺住;坚持住;打电话别挂断holdonto紧紧抓住;守住,保住holdback 阻挡,抑制;拦阻;隐瞒;控制holdout在困境中坚持,坚守;伸出;维持,持续holdoff推迟,延迟
⑤Canyouhold_onIlltrytofindher.你能等一下吗?我尽力去找她
⑥Jimheld_backhisangerandavoidedafight.吉姆忍住了怒气,避免了一场斗殴3.counton依靠,指望;期望,料想[教材原句] Herfatherthoughthewasadmirablebecausehebuiltbridgesyoucanreallycounton.她父亲认为他是令人钦佩的,因为他建造了你确实能信赖的桥countonsth./sb. 指望/依靠某事/某人countondoingsth.指望做某事countonsb.todo/doingsth.指望/依靠某人做某事count...in/out把……算入/不算入countdown倒计时,倒数countsb./sth.as/tobe...认为某人/某物是……
①Youcancountonhimto_finishfinishthetaskaheadofthedeadline.你可以指望他在截止日期前完成这项工作
②Ifyouaregoingouttonightyoullhavetocount_me_out.假如你们今晚要出去,就别把我算在内
③Weare_counting_downthedaystotheendofthissummerholiday.这个暑假已经在倒计时,快要结束了[名师点津] counton和dependonrelyon在表示“指望,依靠,依赖”时意思和用法相同,但dependon还有“取决于”之意4.Now_thatHelenunderstoodthekeytolanguageshewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.既然海伦理解了语言之谜,她非常渴望学习更多的词语并且尽可能多地使用它们1nowthat“既然,由于”,引导原因状语从句,相当于since,而且that可以省略
①Now_thatyouhavemadeupyourmindletsgetstarted.既然你已经下定了决心,那我们就开始吧2引导原因状语从句的常用词分为两类单词引导词主要有becauseassince等;短语引导词主要有nowthatinthatseeingthatconsideringthat等
②Consideringconsiderthathisskinisexposedtothesunforsolongitislikelytogetskincancer.他的皮肤长期暴露于太阳下,很可能得皮肤癌
③Thisexperimentisworthtrusting_in_that_itisbasedonscientificfacts.这个实验值得信赖,因为它是建立在科学事实基础之上的[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.用e短语填空eupwith/eup/eacross/eabout/eout1.Icame_acrossanolddiarywrittenbymygrandpa.2.Isthatthebestexcuseyoucane_up_with3.Howdidthissituationcame_aboutisstillamystery.4.Thequestionofwageincreasescame_upattheboardmeeting.5.Apocketeditionofthedictionarywille_outsoon.Ⅱ.用hold短语完成下面语段holdback/holdout/holdupWewereveryworriedatthenewsthattherescuevehicles
1.were_held_up被阻滞ontheroad.Whatsworsethefoodwasrunningoutandcouldnt
2.hold_out坚持forlong.Inordertostabilize使稳定themoodofeveryonewe
3.held_back隐瞒thebadnewsforthetimebeing.Ⅲ.补全句子1.Itishightimethatweshould_take/took_measures_to_improve_peoples_living_situation采取措施提高人民生活条件.2.Wegottothedestinationofourtripsafe_and_sound安全无恙.3.Now_that_you_have_known_the_truth既然你已知道了真相Idontneedtoexplainit.4.Itisthefirsttimethathehas_been_praised_by_his_teachers受到老师们的表扬.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译/句式升级1.Hemanagetocountonhimselftoworkouttheproblem.→Hemanagetorely/dependonhimselftoworkouttheproblem.2.Theywillhavetostand/bearthemiseryoflivinginconstantfearofwar.→Theywillhavetoputupwiththemiseryoflivinginconstantfearofwar.3.Dontpromiseanythingunlessyoureabsolutelysure.→Dontpromiseanythingifyouarenotabsolutelysure.4.Sinceitiscoldoutsideyoucantgooutsideunlessfullycoveredinthickclothes.→Nowthatitiscoldoutsideyoucantgooutsideunlessfullycoveredinthickclothes.5.我们只能依靠他来赢得这次竞赛了
①Wecanonlycount_on_him_to_win_the_petition.countonsb.todo
②Wecanonlycount_on_it_that_he__wins_the_petition.countonitthat...
③Wecanonlycount_on_him__winning_the_petition.countonsb.doing6.我昨天找一本书的时候偶然发现了这张老照片
①Icame_across_this_old_photographwhenlookingforabookyesterday.eacross
②Iran_across_this_old_photographwhenlookingforabookyesterday.runacross
③Ifound_this_old_photograph_by_chance/accidentwhenlookingforabookyesterday.find...bychance/accident7.Allthephotographsinthisbookunlesstheyarestatedotherwisedatefromthe1950s.改为省略句→Allthephotographsinthisbookunlessstatedotherwisedatefromthe1950s.提能一 用课文词汇写高分作文1.补全要点句“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语
①我正走在回家的路上,这时路边一位乞讨的老人映入了我的眼帘Iwaswalkinghomeandatthistimeanoldmanwhowasbeggingbytheroadcame_into_view.
②他在街角处蜷缩成一团,感到又冷又饿Hehuddled_at_the_street_cornerandfeltcoldandhungry.
③他还得忍受别人的冷嘲热讽Hehadtoput_up_withindifferenceandridiculefromothers.
④他告诉我那是他第一次感到陌生人的温暖Hetoldmethatit_was_the_first_time__that_he_had_feltthewarmthfromastranger.
⑤既然每个人都会变老,那么我们为什么不能好好善待我们的父母呢?Now_thateveryonewillgetoldwhynottreatourparentskindly2.升级平淡句1用“bedoing...when...”句型升级句
①I_was_walking_home_when_an_old_man_who_was_begging_by_the_road_came_into_view.2用形容词短语作伴随状语升级句
②He_huddled_at_the_street_corner_cold_and_hungry.3.衔接成语篇注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇inadditionafterthatIwaswalkinghomewhenanoldmanwhowasbeggingbytheroadcameintoview.Hehuddledatthestreetcornercoldandhungry.Inadditionhehadtoputupwithindifferenceandridiculefromothers.Ididntfigureouthowhearrivedhere.WasheabandonedbyhisownsonsanddaughtersWithouthesitationItriedmybesttohelphim.Hetoldmethatitwasthefirsttimethathehadfeltthewarmthfromastranger.AfterthatIwasdeepinthought:nowthateveryonewillgetoldwhynottreatourparentskindly提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句 [本单元突破点——过去分词作后置定语]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句AroundtheendofthefirstcenturyADaRomanwritercalledPlinywroteaboutaterriblevolcaniceruptionthathehadwitnessedasayoungman.本句中calledPliny为过去分词作定语修饰writer,另外,that引导定语从句修饰eruption这些植物通过空气吸取的是一种以挥发性有机物即缩写为VOC的混合性化学物质真题长难句WhattheplantspumpthroughtheairisamixtureofchemicalsknownasvolatileorganicpoundsVOCsforshort.2017·全国卷Ⅱ本句中主语为Whattheplantspumpthroughtheair这一主语从句,amixtureofchemicals是表语,knownas...short是过去分词短语作后置定语“历史故事”是“历史与地理”的子话题考生学习和了解一定的历史知识,不仅能让他们从过去的人物身上和历史事件中得到启发,还能提高他们的历史底蕴和文化修养,有利于考生的身心健康成长,此话题在高考中常以记叙文和说明文为主的阅读理解、完形填空和写作中出现
一、话题与语篇[考题示例] 2016·北京高考ARaceAgainstDeathItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNomeAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonthDr.Welch__36__asickboyBillyandknewhehaddiphtheriaadeadlyinfectious传染的diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe__37__ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.__38__,theclosestsupplywasover1000milesawayinAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNomeThetowns__39__wasalreadyfulloficesoitcouldntebyship.Carsandhorsescouldnttravelonthe__40__roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidntexistyet.__41__January26Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twentymorewere__42__.Nomestownofficialscameupwithan__43__.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby__44__fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromtheredogsled狗拉雪橇drivers—knownas“mushers”—would__45__ittoNomeinarelay接力.TheracebeganonJanuary
27.ThefirstmusherShannonpickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.__46__hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusherShannonsfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31amushernamedSeppalahadto__47__afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost__48__partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithicewhichcouldsometimesbreakupwithoutwarning.IfthathappenedSeppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould__49__,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary
1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepointhugepilesofsnowblockedhis__50__.Hehadtoleavethetrail雪橇痕迹togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto__51__thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBaltoKaasensleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground__52__tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofaileditwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.SuddenlyBaltobeganto__53__.Hehadfoundthetrail.At530amonFebruary2Kaasenandhisdogs__54__inNome.WithinminutesDr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecovered.Nomehadbeen__55__.36.A.examined B.warnedC.interviewedD.cured37.A.harmlessB.helplessC.fearlessD.careless38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However39.A.airportB.stationC.harborD.border40.A.narrowB.snowyC.busyD.dirty41.A.FromB.OnC.ByD.After42.A.tiredB.upsetC.paleD.sick43.A.planB.excuseC.messageD.topic44.A.airB.railC.seaD.road45.A.carryB.returnC.mailD.give46.A.ThoughB.SinceC.WhenD.If47.A.enterB.moveC.visitD.cross48.A.shamefulB.boringC.dangerousD.foolish49.A.escapeB.bleedC.swimD.die50.A.memoryB.exitC.wayD.destination51.A.findB.fixC.passD.change52.A.pretendingB.tryingC.askingD.learning53.A.runB.leaveC.biteD.play54.A.gatheredB.stayedC.campedD.arrived55.A.controlledB.savedC.foundedD.developed[策略指导] 一这样读文1.抓首句,明文体,确保读文方向不跑偏由首句“ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNomeAlaska.”可知本文是一篇记叙文读文时重点关注与记叙文体相关的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素2.抓关键词话题词、行为动词,巧串联,理顺文脉明主旨结合文中“AlaskthatmonththetownJanuaryFebruary”等和“cutoffdeadlyinfectiousdiseasemedicinestruckrecovered”等关键信息词可知文章是一篇关于“治病救人”的记叙文本文的行文脉络如下二这样做题[名师解题]语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文文章叙述了1925年因大雪与外界隔绝的阿拉斯加诺姆市雪上加霜,孩子们感染了致命的白喉病为了挽救孩子,勇敢的赶狗拉雪橇的人们与死亡赛跑,冒着生命危险,日夜兼程,把急救药品从1000多英里远的地方运到镇上,最终疾病得到控制,孩子们得救了,诺姆市也得救了36.选A 联系空后的sick以及“knewhehaddiphtheriaadeadlyinfectiousdisease”可知,韦尔奇医生给患病的孩子Billy做检查examineexamine“检查”;warn“警告”;interview“采访”;cure“治愈”37.选B 前文提到diphtheria白喉是一种致命的儿童传染病,如果该病席卷诺姆市的话,那么这儿的孩子们就很无助helpless了harmless“无害的”;helpless“无助的”;fearless“无畏的”;careless“粗心的”38.选D 空前讲到韦尔奇医生急需药品以防止其他孩子患病,空后提到最近的药品供应在1000多英里远的地方,因此前后为转折关系,故用howevermoreover“而且”,表递进;therefore“因此”,表结果;otherwise“否则”,表假设;however“然而”,表转折39.选C 联系后文的byship可知,此处是说该市的港口harbor已经结满了冰airport“机场”;station“车站”;harbor“港口”;border“边界”40.选B 联系文章首段中的“heavysnow”可知,由于大雪,诺姆市与外界隔绝,所以汽车和马无法在满是雪的snowy道路上行进narrow“狭窄的”;snowy“多雪的”;busy“繁忙的”;dirty“脏的”41.选C 联系后文的haddied可知,此处表示的是“到1月26日为止,Billy和其他三个孩子已经病逝了”,故选by“在……之前,到……为止”42.选D 前文提到“Billy和其他三个孩子已经病逝了”,所以此处表达的是“还有20个孩子患病了sick”tired“疲倦的”;upset“烦恼的”;pale“苍白的”;sick“患病的”43.选A 联系后文的接力运送药品可知,诺姆市政府官员提出了解决方案,想出了一个计划planplan“计划”;excuse“理由”;message“口信”;topic“话题”44.选B 联系下一段中的“fromthetrainatNenana”可知,药品通过铁路byrail从Anchorage运送到Nenanabyair“乘飞机”;byrail“乘火车”;bysea“由海路”;byroad“由公路”45.选A 联系上下文语境我们知道,通过接力,赶狗拉雪橇的人们把药品运送carry到诺姆市carry“运送”;return“归还”;mail“邮寄”;give“交给”46.选C 结合上下文语境可知,当Shannon赶了一整夜的路把药品传给下一位时,他冻得脸色乌青,故选C项though“尽管”;since“自从……以来”;when“当……的时候”;if“如果”47.选D 联系后文内容我们知道,另一位赶狗拉雪橇者Seppala途中必须穿过cross一片冰冻水域enter“进入”;move“移动”;visit“参观”;cross“穿过”48.选C 联系后文中的“sometimesbreakupwithoutwarning”我们知道,这片水域的冰块有时会在没有任何警告的情况下发生破裂,因此是危险的dangerousshameful“可耻的”;boring“乏味的”;dangerous“危险的”;foolish“愚蠢的”49.选D 根据上下文语境可知,如果掉入冰冻的水中,他会死掉die,药品也就送不到,诺姆市的那些患病的孩子们就会死去escape“逃走”;bleed“流血”;swim“游泳”;die“死去”50.选C 联系前文的“hugepilesofsnow”和后文中的“getaroundthem”可知,巨大的雪堆一度阻挡了Kaasen前进的道路wayblockonesway“阻挡某人的道路”memory“记忆”;exit“出口”;way“道路”;destination“目的地”51.选A 联系前文中的“leavethetrail”可知,情况如此恶劣,以致他无法找到find雪橇走过的痕迹find“找到”;fix“确定”;pass“经过”;change“改变”52.选B 结合上下文语境可知,领路狗把鼻子凑到地面上,努力try寻找其他沿着雪橇痕迹经过的狗的味道pretend“假装”;try“努力”;ask“请求”;learn“学习”53.选A 联系上文可知,Balto是领路狗leaddog,再根据常识可知,狗发现了雪橇痕迹,自然在前面跑run起来,以起到领路作用run“跑”;leave“离开”;bite“咬”;play“玩耍”54.选D 联系前后文内容可知,Kaasen最终安全地到达arrivein了诺姆市,将药品交给韦尔奇医生gather“聚集”;stay“停留”;camp“宿营”;arrive“到达”55.选B 联系前文内容可知,药品送到了,疾病得到了控制,孩子们得救了,诺姆市也得救save了control“控制”;save“挽救”;found“创建”;develop“发展”[完形填空系列技法5] 利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主,但也有部分考查语法项目的题目对于这类题,考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识,分析单词组的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物,并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰如文中的41题,本句句意到1月26日为止,Billy和其他三个孩子都去世了句子的谓语使用的是过去完成时,“By+时间”与完成时连用,后跟过去的时间,用过去完成时;跟将来的时间,用将来完成时故选择C项三这样积累1.deadlyadj. 致命的2.affectvt.影响;感动;作用3.relayvt.接力;接替n.继电器;接力赛4.therestof其余的5.eupwith提出
二、话题与写作[考题示例] 2017·北京高考你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行,有两条线路可以选择“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”Jim来信希望你能给些建议请你给他回信,内容包括1.你建议的线路;2.你的理由;3.你的祝愿注意
1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数DearJim,Yours,LiHua[写作规范] 第一步写对词汇不丢冤枉分1.长江和泰山 the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai2.推荐remend3.中华文明Chinese_civilization4.风景scenery5.旅游景点sightseeing_spots第二步列全要点,写对句子保基本分1.在去长江和泰山这两条旅行线路中,二者都被极力推荐Of_the_two_trips_to_the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai_both_are_highly_remended.2.我比较喜欢沿长江的旅行I_prefer_the_tour_along_the_Yangtze_River.3.长江是中国最长的河流,也是中华文明的母亲河The_Yangtze_River_is_the_longest_river_in_China_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_of_Chinese_civilization.4.你可以了解到许多有关中国和中华民族的历史You_can_learn_a_lot_about_the_history_of_China_and_Chinese_people.5.沿江景色令人称奇,有很多著名景点The_scenery_along_the_river_is_amazing_and_there_are_many_wellknown_sightseeing_spots.6.我认为沿长江之行将会是一个更好的选择I_think_the_trip_along_the_Yangtze_River_will_be_a_better_choice.第三步句式升级,打造亮点得高分1.用同位语合并练习
2、3I_prefer_the_tour_along_the_Yangtze_River_the_longest_river_in_China_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_of_Chinese_civilization.2.用with复合结构升级练习5The_scenery_along_the_river_is_amazing_with_many_wellknown_sightseeing_spots.第四步过渡衔接,润色成文创满分DearJim,ImhappytoreceiveyourletterandknowyoureingtoChina.OfthetwotripstotheYangtzeRiverandMountTaibotharehighlyremended.PersonallyIpreferthetouralongtheYangtzeRiverthelongestriverinChinaandoneofthemotherriversofChinesecivilization.YoucanlearnalotaboutthehistoryofChinaandChinesepeople.Moreoverthesceneryalongtheriverisamazingwithmanywellknownsightseeingspots.ThatswhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoice.HopeyoullhaveagoodtimeinChina.Yours,LiHua[单元检测·高考提能]单元检测A——语言基础扎根练+阅读理解提速练[语言基础扎根练]Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thehotelwantstoexpand拓展itsbusinessbyaddingaswimmingpool.2.Representativesofdifferentnationalitiesgather_聚集inthesamehalltodiscussaffairsofstate.3.Ifanyofthesesymptomsoccurs出现whileyouaretakingthemedicineconsultyourdoctorimmediately.4.Iwasunwillingtobeawitness目击者oftheirquarrel.5.Ithinkitourdutytopreserve保护traditionalChineseculture.6.Thebiggestrestriction限制onourresourcesisthenumberofhourswecandevotetosomething.7.Theinformationwasinaspecific特定的puterfolder文件夹.8.Allofasuddenawarmfeelingofsympathy同情roseupinmyheart.9.Eager急切的toknowmoreaboutthestoryheburiedhimselfinthebook.10.Itisreportedthattheabandonedabandonbabyhasbeensenttothelocalhospital.11.Ifyoumeetwithanydifficultyinyourstudy,dontbediscourageddiscourage.12.Totheirgreatreliefthemissingchildreturnedhometiredtirebutsoundafteranabsenceoftwoweeks.13.Theproposalstheyputforwardatthemeetingwereoflittlesignificancesignificant.14.AftermovingtothenewtownIgraduallygradualaccustomedmyselftothesurroundings.15.Hemadehispointswithadmirableadmireclarity.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Whenitestoplaybasketballheisalwaystalkingwithoutstop.play→playing2.UnsettledbutexcitedbecauseitisthefirsttimethatIhadgoneonaholidayonmyown.had→have3.Althoughorderingtostopthedriverkeptondrivingasfastashecould._ordering→ordered4.WeChathasexplodedinpopularityinrecentyearsparticularamongyoungpeople.particular→particularly5.Alwayskeepinmindthatdontgetdiscouragingeasilybecauseofanyfailure.discouraging→discouraged6.IfeltnervousforfirsttimeIgaveaspeechtomanystudents.for→the7.Assheworkedsomegoodideasbegantooccurheraboutthespareparts.occur后加to8.Everyoneburstoutcheersaswegotclosertothescenicspot.out→into9.Wecanonlycountonthatheisverysmart.on后加it10.Thedriverwitnessedtohaveseenthemanentertheroom.have→havingⅢ.补全句子1.渴望成功是人的天性Itshumanthateveryoneis_eager_for_success.2.这个问题如果不恰当处理,可能使双方产生误解Theproblemunless_handled_properly_mayleadtomisunderstandingbetweenthetwosides.3.我花了好几个月的时间才为该银行提出一个可接受的计划Ittookmemonthstoe_up_with_an_acceptable_planforthebank.4.既然你对中国的传统文化很感兴趣,我认为这个节日很值得你去体验一下Now_that_you_are_interested_in_traditional_Chinese_cultures_Ithoughtthisfestivalwouldbeaworthwhileexperienceforyou.5.他一知道自己考试不及格,就失声痛哭Scarcelyhadheknownhisfailureintheexamwhenheburst_out_crying/burst_into_tears.6.老人幸福而又满足地过世了Theoldmandiedhappy_and_satisfied.[阅读理解提速练]AWhenTheNewRepublicmagazinepredictedwhowouldwinthe2016NobelPrizeinLiteratureonOct.6thitsaid:“NotBobDylan.Thatsforsure.”Howevertheawardcameasasurprisetomany.OnOct.13ththefamousUSmusicianwasnamedtheNobellaureate获奖者bytheSwedishAcademy.HehascreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtraditionaccordingtotheorganization.AlthoughDylan75isnotreallythoughttobealiterary文学的writerhehasgiventheworldalotofcreativeworksover50yearsespeciallywhenitestohisfolksongs.Inhis1985albumBiographDylanwroteabouttheappealoffolkmusictohim.RocksongswerentseriousenoughordidntreflectlifeinarealisticwayaccordingtoDylan.Butfolkwasamoreserioustypeofthing.Thesongsarefilledwithmoresadnessmorejoyandmuchdeeperfeelings.Dylansmusicandlyricsspoketomanypeopleduringthe1960s.HislyricswereoftenaboutgreatpoliticalissuessuchastheCivilRightsMovement.The1960swasatimeofchangewhentheyoungweremakingsurethattheirvoiceswereheard.TheideaismostfamouslyexpressedinDylansTheTimesTheyAreaChangin1964whichwarnstheworld“Youdbetterstartswimmingoryoullsinklikeastoneforthetimestheyareachangin!”TherewereplaintsthataliteraryprizehadbeengiventoasingerbutancientGreekpoetsHomerandSapphowrotepoeticworksthatweremeanttobelistenedtothatweremeanttobeperformedoftenwithinstrumentsanditsthesamewaywithDylantheSwedishAcademyspermanentsecretarySaraDaniustoldCNN.ItcouldevenbesaidthatgivingtheimportantprizetoDylanhasbroughtbackanoldliterarytradition.ThemillionswhoselivesDylanswordsandmusichavechangedwillsurelyweletheaward.1.WhydidpeoplefeelsurprisedwhenDylangottheNobelPrizeA.Becausehewasnotexcellent.B.Becausepeopledidntthinkhewasaliterarywriter.C.Becausehewasonlyinterestedinsingingfolksongs.D.Becausepeopledidntbelieveinhim.解析选B 细节理解题根据第二段“AlthoughDylan75isnotreallythoughttobealiterary文学的writerhehasgiventheworldalotofcreativeworksover50yearsespeciallywhenitestohisfolksongs”可知,人们认为Dylan不是文学作家,因此认为他不大可能得奖2.WhatcanwelearnfromthetextA.Folkmusicreflectsareallife.B.Songwritersshouldntgettheprize.C.Peoplelikerockmusicmore.D.Dylanisaveryseriousperson.解析选A 推理判断题根据第三段和第四段的内容可推知,仿民歌歌曲与摇滚乐形成对比,反映了真实的生活3.FromDylanswritingweknowhecaresmoreabout________.A.music B.hisvoiceC.politicsD.change解析选C 细节理解题根据第四段第二句“HislyricswereoftenaboutgreatpoliticalissuessuchastheCivilRightsMovement”可知,Dylan的作品大多关乎政治事件,因此,Dylan很关心政治4.AccordingtoSaraDanius________.A.DylanisworththeprizeB.SapphoshouldgettheprizeC.theAcademyisworththeprizeD.Homershouldwintheprize解析选A 推理判断题根据文章倒数第二段的整体内容可推知,SaraDanius认为Dylan获得诺贝尔奖是实至名归BArecentStanfordstudyfoundthatAmericasstudentsareshockinglybadattellingfactfromfictioninthisdigitalage.Itsapparentthatsomethinghastochangeinthenationsclassrooms.ThatsomethingaccordingtoProfessorSamWineburgoneofthoseStanfordresearchersis“practice.”“Howdotheybeepreparedtomakethechoicesaboutwhattobelievewhattoforwardwhattoposttotheirfriends,”WineburgaskedonNPRsAllThingsConsidered“whenteachersgivenopracticetothem?”PatriciaHuntanexperiencedteacheratWakefieldHighSchoolinArlingtonVa.isdoingsomethingshehasneverdonebefore:helpingtopilotanewdigitalcoursecalledthecheckologyvirtualclassroom.ItesfromthenonprofitTheNewsLiteracyProject.Huntsstudentsmostofthemseniorsworkinthreesorfours.TheyrepresentedwithaseriesofstoriesthatarerapidlyandbroadlyspreadviatheInternet.Somearefalseinformation.Someareads.Andsomearepurefact.“Wedontknowwhichiswhichatthispoint,”laughsstudentKahderSmith.“Weactuallyhavetositdowntakeourtimeandactuallyreadthem.AndprobablyGooglesomestufftoseeifitsrealornot.”Apostclaimsthatmorethanadozenpeoplediedafterreceivingthefluvaccine疫苗inItalyandthattheCDCCentersforDiseaseControlisnowtellingpeoplenottogetaflushot.“ImeanIveheardmanyunconfirmedreportsthattheflushotsbadforyou,”studentAutumnCoopersays.Butinstinct直觉tellsherthestoryswrong.“Itjustdoesntlooklikeareliablesource.ItlookslikethisisoffFacebookandsomeonesharedit.”Cooperlabelsthestory“fiction”.Andshesright.Insteadofteachingstudentsthefundamentalsoffactcheckingmanyschoolssimplyignoretheproblemblockingsocialmediasitesonschoolputers.“Itsliketeachingstudentstodriveintheparkinglotandthensendingthemoutonthehighwayandsaying‘Goodluck!’”saysAudreyChurchpresidentoftheAmericanAssociationofSchoolLibrarians.语篇解读本文是议论文美国的一些学校开设了教学生如何鉴别网络消息真假的课程,很多专家学者表示赞同5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2refertoA.Stanfordresearchers. B.Mediapeople.C.Students.D.Teachers.解析选C 代词指代题根据第一段中的“Americasstudentsareshockinglybadattellingfactfromfictioninthisdigitalage”可知,在电子时代,美国的学生缺乏辨别真假消息的能力,由此可推测,这里是问“这些学生”怎样才能做好准备选择相信、传递、发布哪些消息呢?另外,根据第二段末的“whenteachersgivenopracticetothem”也可推测,这里的they指的是学生6.HowdoesHuntrunthedigitalcourseA.Byinvitingexpertstogivestudentslectures.B.ByaskingstudentstogoontheInternettogether.C.Bytakingstudentstoanewsorganizationregularly.D.Bylettingstudentsidentifyfactualinformationingroups.解析选D 细节理解题根据第
四、五段内容可知,Hunt让她的学生三四人一组鉴别真假消息7.AccordingtoChurchwhatshouldschoolsdoA.Helpstudentsimprovedrivingskills.B.Teachstudentshowtospotfalsenews.C.Allowstudentstodriveonthehighway.D.Askstudentstoavoidusingsocialmedia.解析选B 推理判断题根据最后两段内容可知,Church认为学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法就像是在停车场教会学生们开车后让他们直接上高速,这样做无疑风险很大由此可推测他反对学校屏蔽社交媒体的做法,而是希望学校能够教孩子们如何识别假新闻8.WhatdoesthetextmainlydiscussA.ThefindingsofarecentStanfordstudy.B.Aneducationalissueinthedigitalage.C.Theinfluenceofawidelyspreadpost.D.Anexperiencedhighschoolteacher.解析选B 主旨大意题通读全文可知,本文讨论了在电子时代,老师如何帮助学生们学会鉴别网络消息的真假,这是一个教育问题单元检测B——完形填空精准练+失分题型强化练[完形填空精准练]2018·东北育才学校模拟OnSundaySamuelFloresnoticedadogstandingonthepavementcarefullywatchingoverthe__1__bodyofanotherdog.Hecalledthelocalanimalrescueassociationfor__2__andwassoonjoinedbytheorganizationsfounderJulieFennell.Fennell__3__approachedthedog.__4__heinitiallyresistedthedogappearedto__5__theyweretryingtohelpandfinallyagreedtogetintoFennellscar.__6__,evenasFennellwastakinghimtothe__7__,hekeptlookingthroughthewindowtowardwherehispanionhadbeen__8__.Thepoordogofcoursehadnoideathattheteamhad__9__hisdeadfriendaswell.Sincethedogdidnothaveacollarorplantedmicrochipittooksometimefortherescuesheltertolocateits__10__.Atthesametimethough__11__themovingpictureofthedog__12__hisfriendthatFlorespostedonhissocialmediapagestheanimalshelterwasfloodedwith__13__frompeoplewishingtoadoptthe__14__dog.Fortunatelytheywereabletolocateits__15__ownerswhohadbeensearchingforthesetwodogsBrianandMarley.Fennellsaysthat__16__thetrailofbloodontheroadMarleyhadmostlikelybeenhitbyacar.ShebelievesthatBrianhadnotonlydraggedhisfriendtothe__17__,butalsopatientlystoodguardforalmostsixhours.ThoughBrianhasbeen__18__withhisownerstheshelterhasmanydogsthatare__19__lookingforgoodhomes.Thesheltersofficialshopethatthisstorywill__20__morepeopletoadopttheseanimals.1.A.relaxed B.lifelessC.disabledD.powerful解析选B 根据本段末尾的“deadfriend”可知这只小狗的同伴已经去世,故它在认真守护着的是一具“无生命的lifeless”尸体2.A.helpB.adviceC.adoptionD.information解析选A 根据该空后的“joinedbytheorganizationsfounder”可知,Samuel给动物收容所打电话是为了寻求“帮助help”3.A.eagerlyB.bravelyC.cautiouslyD.nervously解析选C 接近不熟悉的动物时要“谨慎cautiously”,这是常识,专业人员当然不会不知道4.A.IfB.WhenC.BecauseD.Though解析选D 最初的“反抗”和最后的“同意上车”之间是转折关系,故此处填转折连词Though5.A.expectB.realizeC.wonderD.imagine解析选B 根据该空后面的“finallyagreedtogetintoFennellscar”可以推知,小狗好像“意识到realize”他们在尽力帮它6.A.HoweverB.ThereforeC.MoreoverD.Otherwise解析选A 小狗最后同意上车了,“然而However”,当汽车离去时,它一直透过窗户看同伴所在的地方7.A.carB.homeC.shelterD.hospital解析选C 根据下文中的“ittooksometimefortherescuesheltertolocateits...”可知小狗被送到了动物“收容所shelter”8.A.lyingB.watchingC.sleepingD.standing解析选A 小狗的同伴已经去世了,所以应该是“躺lying”在那里9.A.pickedupB.goneafterC.sentawayD.thrownaway解析选A 根据本句最后的“aswell”可知,死去的小狗也被“捡起来了pickedup”10.A.buyersB.friendsC.ownersD.founders解析选C 因为没有项圈和植入的微芯片,找到小狗的“主人owners”花了不少时间下文中的“ownerswhohadbeensearchingforthesetwodogs”也给出了提示11.A.astoB.thankstoC.exceptforD.regardlessof解析选B “因为thanksto”小狗的照片被贴到了社交网站上,所以许多人才能看到并希望领养这只小狗12.A.pullingB.followingC.savingD.guarding解析选D 根据上文的“adogstandingonthepavementcarefullywatchingoverthe________bodyofanotherdog”可知,这是一张关于小狗“守护guarding”朋友的照片13.A.foodB.moneyC.callsD.ments解析选C Flores把小狗守护同伴的照片贴到社交网站后,动物收容所接到无数想要领养小狗的人们打来的“电话calls”14.A.sickB.loyalC.injuredD.lucky解析选B 由上文的“carefullywatchingover”以及下一段末尾的“patientlystoodguardforalmostsixhours”可知这是一只“忠诚的loyal”小狗15.A.busyB.angryC.tiredD.worried解析选D 根据该空后面的“hadbeensearchingforthesetwodogs”可推知,小狗的主人很“着急worried”16.A.relyingonB.lookingforC.judgingfromD.discussingabout解析选C Marley可能是被一辆车撞了的事实是通过路面上的血迹“判断judgingfrom”出来的17.A.sideB.groundC.gateD.road解析选A 根据上文中的“adogstandingonthepavement”可推知,小狗Brian把朋友拖到了“路边side”并耐心守护近六个小时18.A.connectedB.trainedC.paredD.reunited解析选D 解析见下题19.A.neverB.stillC.evenD.ever解析选B 尽管Brian已经和他的主人“团聚reunited”了,但收容所还有许多狗“仍然still”在寻找好的归宿20.A.allowB.adviseC.forceD.encourage解析选D 动物收容所的官员希望这则故事能“鼓励encourage”更多人领养这些可爱的动物[失分题型强化练]Ⅰ.语法填空Youmayhavedifficultyholdingbackyournegativeemotionsifyouarehurtbysomeonedeeply.Howeverforgivenessispossibleanditcanbesurprisingly__1__benefittoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Sofarresearch__2__showthatpeoplewhoforgivecanhavemoreenergybetterappetiteandbettersleep.Inadditiontheytendtoshow__3__littleangerandmorehopefulness.Asaresultitmakesitpossibleforthem__4__reducethetirednessoutoftheimmunesystemandallowspeopletofeelmoreenergetic.Calmdownfirstifyoufeelhurt.Takeacoupleof__5__breathandthinkofsomethingthatgivesyoupleasure:abeautifulsceneinnatureorsomeoneyoulove.Dontwaitforan__6__apologize.Manytimestheperson__7__hashurtyoumayneverthinkofapologizing.Theymayjustseethingsindifferentways.Soifyouwaitforpeopletosaysorryyoucouldbewaitingfor__8__verylongtime.Nextkeepinmindthatforgivenessdoesnotnecessarilymean__9__accepttheactionofthepersonwhohasupsetyou.Mentallygoingoveryourhurtgivespowertothepersonwhobroughtyoupain.Insteadlearntolookforthelovebeautyandkindnessaroundyou.Finallytrytoseethings__10__theotherpersonspointofview.语篇解读如果有人伤害了你,不要等待别人来主动道歉,而学会原谅别人,这样不仅可以改善人际关系,而且对自己的身心健康也有好处1.beneficial 考查词性转换句意然而,原谅是可能的,并且原谅会对你的身心健康出奇地有益设空处作be的表语,且有副词surprisingly修饰,应用形容词,故填beneficial2.hasshown 考查动词的时态句意到目前为止,研究显示原谅别人的人会有更多的精力、更好的胃口和更好的睡眠根据时间状语Sofar可知,此处强调对现在的影响,应用现在完成时故填hasshown3.less 考查形容词比较级句意另外,他们倾向于表现出更少的愤怒和更多的希望and连接两个并列成分,根据空后的more可知,此处应用比较级little的比较级为less4.toreduce 考查非谓语动词句意因此,它使他们减少免疫系统的劳累成为可能,并让人们感到精力更加充沛此处为“make+it+adj.+不定式”结构,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式短语故填toreduce5.breaths 考查名词单复数句意吸几口气,想想带给你快乐的事情大自然中的美景或是你爱的某个人takeabreath为固定搭配,意为“吸一口气”,其中breath作“吸气量;一口气”讲时,为可数名词,空前有acoupleof修饰,因此此处应用复数形式故填breaths6.apology 考查词性转换句意不要等待道歉设空处前有不定冠词an修饰,应用名词形式故填apology7.who/that 考查定语从句句意多次伤害你的人可能永远不会考虑道歉设空处引导定语从句,先行词为theperson,且在从句中作主语,指人,故用who或that引导定语从句8.a 考查冠词句意因此,如果你等待人们来道歉,你可能要等很长一段时间此处泛指“很长一段时间”,应填不定冠词a9.accepting 考查非谓语动词句意接下来要记住原谅并不一定意味着要接受使你心烦意乱的那个人的行为根据句意,mean在此意为“意味着”,其后应接动名词作宾语故填accepting10.from 考查介词句意最后,尽量从别人的角度看待事情fromonespointofview为固定搭配,意为“从某人的观点来说”,故填fromⅡ.短文改错2018·南昌调研Ehongbaoisactualakindofluckymoneyfromandtorelativesorfriendsduringfestivalsoronspecialoccasions.Formuchyoungpeoplegrabbingehongbaoontheirmobilephonesareafairlymonandexcitingactivity.Unlikethetraditionofeldersgivingluckymoneytochildrenoverhalfofthepeoplesendehongbaoareyoung.Itsjustforfunorgivingbestwishwhilethesumofmoneymattersalittle.Inawordehongbaoaddedcolortotheoldtradition.HoweverImconcerningaboutthesafetyofonlinepayment.ButIthinkregulationsontheehongbaosystemneedtobeimprovedguaranteeitsoperation.答案第一句actual→actually第二句much→many;are→is第三句send→sending第四句wish→wishes;去掉a第五句added→adds第六句concerning→concerned第七句But→And;guarantee前加to。