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Module5 GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChina阅读理解·组块专练——练速度本栏目内容,在学生用书中以独立形式分册装订!限时35分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解A2018·河南实验中学模拟AttheendofeveryyearTimepicksthebest25inventionsthatare“makingtheworldbetterandsmarter”.Herewehavepickedthreeofthisyearsinventionsthatcouldbeapartofyourlifeinthenearfuture.Thelevitating悬浮的lightbulbThisspeciallightbulbwasinventedbyU.S.artistandscientistSimonMorris.Hegottheideaofmakingalightbulbfloatfromhoverboards悬浮滑板whichheusedtodreamofhavingasakid.Butthefloatingisnotthemostamazingpart.Therejectionforcebetweentheoppositeendsofthemagnets磁铁whichwereputinthebottomofthebulbandinthewoodenbasedoesthejob.Whatsnewhereisatechnologycalledinduction电磁感应.Itallowsthelightbulbtogetpowerfromthebaseeventheyarenotincontact.ShoesthattiethemselvesTheyrenotwhatyouthinkshoelacesthattiethemselvesinthewaywetiethem.Insteadthenewshoeshavesmallmotorsthatcontroltheirlaces.Whenyoustepinthemyourfeetwillhitasensor传感器intheshoesandthemotorwillautomaticallytightenthelaces.Buttheshoeswerentjustdesignedforlazypeoplesneeds.Theycouldactuallygiveathletesanadvantageduringpetition.Theyarealsousefulforpeoplewhocannotmovetheirarmsorfingerseasily.Thenotouchthermometer体温计Takingyourbodytemperatureusuallymeansputtingathermometerinyourarmpits腋窝andstayingstillforminutes.Itmaybeeasyoryoubutitsanimpossibletaskforlittlekids.Nowwiththenewthermometeruserscansimplyputit
2.5centimetersfromapatientsforeheadandpressthebuttonanditcangetreadingintwoseconds.【语篇解读】 每到年终岁尾,《时代周刊》都会评选出25项“让世界变得更加美好和智能的”最佳发明本文介绍了其中的三项发明1.Themostamazingaspectofthelevitatinglightbulbisthat________.A.itcanfloatB.itsinventorismorethanascientistC.itmakesuseoftherejectionofthemagnetsD.inductionallowsittogetpowerevenwhenunconnectedwiththebase答案与解析D 细节理解题根据Thelevitatinglightbulb部分最后两句“Whatsnewhereis....Itallowsthelightbulbtogetpowerfromthebaseeventheyarenotincontact.”可知,悬浮灯泡最神奇的地方是这项电磁感应技术可以让灯泡不用接触底座就能通电2.HowisthenotouchthermometerdifferentfromotheronesA.Itmakesiteasiertotakekidstemperature.B.Youneedwaittwominutesforthereading.C.Youdontneedtopressthebutton.D.Itshouldbeputinonesarmpit.答案与解析A 推理判断题根据Thenotouchthermometer部分第二段可知,这种新型的体温计可以不用紧贴皮肤,而且读取数据的时间也很短由此可知,这个发明让儿童的体温测量变得更容易了3.InwhichpartofanewspapercanyoupossiblyreadthistextA.Education. B.Sports.C.Science.D.Entertainment.答案与解析C 推理判断题本文介绍了三项新的科技发明,属于科技类文章B2018·武汉市武昌区高三年级五月调研考试Kandareallydoesntliketowalkalone.Thescientistfromaresearchinstituteofintelligentrobotsfindstheexperiencesoboringthathedratherdrive-eventhoughhelivesclosetohislabandknowsthatwalkingishealthy.“Ienjoywalkingwithsomeonelikewithmywifewithmydaughter,”Kandasaid.“Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.”SoKandawhospecializesinhumanlikebotsdevelopedaroboticwalkingpartnerthatcouldmakesmalltalkbasedonitssurroundingswhichhehopesmightmotivatepeopletogetoutandexercisemore.Thebotrestsonapersonsshoulderlikeaboxyparrot.Itweighsaboutapoundandahalfandsitsroughly
8.5incheshighandis
3.5incheswideand10incheslong.Amicrophoneaspeakerandaninternalcameraallowittomunicate.Itsevenequippedwithasmile.Kandaandhisteamcollectedvideofromfivedifferentlocationsincludingagardenandashoppingmallandcreatedadatasetofsmalltalktopicsrelatedtoeachlocation.Thentheyprogrammedtherobottoassociatevisualcueswithspecifictopics.Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice.Nearagroupofparkedcarsforexampleitmightsay,“InabigparkinglotsometimesIforgetwhereIparked.”Theytestedtheroboton15volunteers10malesand5femaleswhowerepaidandaveragedabout26yearsold.“Haveyoueverblownapuffofdandelion蒲公英seedsintotheair?”Therobotaskedaparticipantwhosmiledandresponded,“YesIoftendidthatwhenIwasachild.”AlthoughseveralparticipantsnotedtherobotsweightKandawassurprisedthatnooneconsideredtheexperiencestrangeorfunny.“Iguesspeopleenjoynewtechnologies,”hesaid.JustlikeahumanpartnerKandasbotisntperfect.ItsnotabletogoforwalksinheavyrainandwhiletherobotcanmakeexpressionsitcantreallyholdaconversationaboutwhichKandaismostworried.DespiteitslimitsKandawasfortedbythebotspresence.“Ifeltakindofsenseofbeingwithsomeone,”hesaid“particularlywhenitspoke.”【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了新研发的陪人散步的机器人4.WhydoesKandahavetheideaofdevelopingaroboticwalkingpartnerA.Becausehewantssomeonetoacpanyhimwhilewalking.B.Becausehehasneverdevelopedarobotlikeaparrot.C.Becausehisfamilyareunwillingtowalkwithhim.D.Becauseheiscrazyaboutdevelopingrobots.答案与解析A 细节理解题根据第一段的“‘Ienjoywalkingwithsomeonelikewithmywifewithmydaughter,’Kandasaid.‘Buttheyarenotalwaysavailable.’”可知,Kanda发明陪人散步的机器人的原因是想找个人在他散步时陪他,故选A5.WhatcharacteristicdoestherobothaveA.Itcan“speak”and“see”.B.Itcanwalklikeahumanbeing.C.Itcanmunicatewithpeoplefreely.D.Itismuchmorehumorousthanarealperson.答案与解析A 推理判断题根据第二段倒数第二句“Amicrophoneaspeakerandaninternalcameraallowittomunicate”以及第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...withavoice”可推知,这种机器人可以说话还可以看,故选A6.WhatisnecessaryfortherobottofunctionA.Asmallsize.B.Aboxyshape.C.Ahumanpartner.D.Aspeechsoftware.答案与解析D 细节理解题根据第二段倒数第二句“Amicrophoneaspeakerandaninternalcameraallowittomunicate”和第三段的“Thentheyprogrammed...Aspecialspeechsoftwareprovidedtherobotwithavoice”可知,这种机器人是要配备麦克风、扬声器、内置摄像头以及特殊的语音软件的,故选D7.WhatisKandamostlikelytodoabouthisrobotnextA.Tomakeitmoreconvenienttocarry.B.Toimproveitsconversationalskills.C.Toenableittowalkinheavyrain.D.Tobetteritssoundsystem.答案与解析B 推理判断题根据最后一段第二句的“itcantreallyholdaconversationaboutwhichKandaismostworried”并结合全文的内容可推知,接下来Kanda将要改善的是机器人的交流技能,故选BC2018·合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测Manyyearsagowhenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildrenaged2and4wewerepracticallyimpecunious.Myinlawslivedfromhandtomouthsowedidntexpectanyhelpfromthem.MyparentslivedagreatdistanceawayandIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation.Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpickuptruckcarryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepersbutitwasconstantlybreakingdown.Ittookalmostallthemoneywehadtohaveitfixed.Thetruckwasalsotheonlymeansoftransportationforus.Welivedinthecountrysideandwealwaysusedthebackdoorbecausethedrivewayledtoit.OnewintereveningIsteppedoutsidetotakeabagoftrashtothebarrelandalmosttrippedoversomething.ItwasnearlydarkandIhadtobenddowntoseewhatitwas.Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood.ItwasheavysoIcalledmyhusbandtocarryitintothehouse.Onceinsidewediscoveredtwoloavesofbreadsomebutterseveralcansofvegetablesacanoforangesauceandalargeturkey.TherewassomuchthatIcouldntrememberitallbutitwaseverythingweneededtofixawonderfuldinnereverythingexceptpotatoes.AlittlewhilelaterIrememberedthatIhadnttakenthetrashtothebarrel.BynowitwasdarksoIhadtoturnontheyardlight—andthatswhenIspottedasmallbagofpotatoessittingontheporch.ThatdinnerwasthebestIcouldremember.Wewerentabletothankourdonatorsthoughbecauseweneverfoundoutwhohadbeensogenerousinhelpingastrugglingyoungfamily.Whoeveritwasweareforevergrateful.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文“我”和丈夫有两个孩子,很多年前,我们生活贫困,但羞于将处境告诉父母丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生一天晚上,“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物,那一餐令“我”终生难忘“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“impecunious”inParagraph1A.Generous.B.Harmonious.C.Penniless.D.Stubborn.答案与解析C 考查词义猜测根据第一段最后一句“MyparentslivedagreatdistanceawayandIwastooashamedtoletthemknowaboutoursituation”可知,“我”的父母住在很远的地方,“我”羞于让他们知道我们的处境;结合该段中的“whenwewereayoungcouplewithtwosmallchildrenaged2and4wewerepracticallyimpecunious”可知,我们是有着两个孩子的年轻夫妻,据此可以推知,我们的日子过得相当贫穷,才会羞于让远方的父母知道我们的情况据此可以判断,画线词意为“贫穷的”,故C项正确9.HowdidtheauthorshusbandsupportthefamilyA.Bystartingagarage.B.Bysellingfooddoortodoor.C.Bydeliveringgoods.D.Byworkingasashopassistant.答案与解析C 细节理解题根据第二段第一句的“Myhusbandwastryingtoearnalivingwithanoldpickuptruckcarryinggroceriesforlocalshopkeepers”可知,“我”的丈夫用一辆旧卡车为当地的店主送货谋生,故C项正确10.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawthebasketA.Shewasannoyed.B.Shewasastonished.C.Shewasterrified.D.Shefeltasenseofrelief.答案与解析B 细节理解题根据第三段最后两句“Icouldhardlybelievemyeyes.Theresatalargebasketloadedwithfood”可知,看到一篮子的食物,“我”几乎不能相信自己的眼睛;据此可以判断,作者很惊讶,故B项正确11.WhatmaybethebesttitleforthetextA.AhelpinghandintimeB.AstrugglingyoungcoupleC.AtaleofpotatoesD.Arewardfromastranger答案与解析A 标题判断题通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了“我”和丈夫有两个孩子,生活贫困,但羞于将处境告诉父母丈夫用一辆旧卡车送货谋生一天晚上,“我”在家门口发现一篮子丰盛的食物,那一餐令“我”终生难忘“我”将永远感谢那位送食物给“我”家的人据此可以判断,A项最能概括文意,体现文章主旨,故A项正确D2018·济南模拟AEuropeanUnionprogramislettingblindpeopleexperiencefamouspaintingsforthefirsttime.Itusesthreedimensional3Dprintingtorecreatefamouspaintingssotheycanbetouched.OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimts“TheKiss”.ItisapopularattractionattheBelvedereMuseuminViennaAustria.Thepaintingshowsamanandawomanstandinginafieldfilledwithflowers.Theyarewearinggoldrobesandhavetheirarmsaroundeachother.Themanleansdowntokissthewoman.Klimtfinishedthepaintingin
1908.Untilnowpeoplewhohadtroubleseeingcouldnotappreciatetheartwork.Butthankstothereproductiontheycantouchthepieceandfeeltheridgesanddepressions.AndreasReichingerstartedmaking3Dversionsofartworkin
2010.Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouplesrobesaresodetailed.DominikaRaditschisablindmuseumvisitor.Shetouchedthereproduction.Asshemovedherhandsarounditshesaid,“ExactlycanyouseetheseTherearesomanydetails.”Raditschsaidshecouldimaginewhattheoriginalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchedthereproduction.“Itssomehowround.Youcanfeelit.Youcanfeelit.Iteswithit.Andinmanyplacesitssosmooth.AndthenIthinktomyself:itprobablyshinestoo!”Raditschsaid.TheBelvedereisnottheonlymuseumtohave3Dversionsofitsartwork.SomeofthepiecesatthePradoMuseuminMadridSpainhavereproductionsthatcanbetouched.ButthepieceinViennahasonespecialpart:itismadewithwidelyavailable3Dprintingtechnology.Thatmeansonedayblindartfansanywhereintheworldcoulddownloadthesourcefilesandprintthereproductionsthemselves.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画,让它们可以被视障人士触摸到12.Whatis“TheKiss”A.AEuropeanUnionproject.B.Apopularpainting.C.A3Dtechnology.D.Afamousmuseum.答案与解析B 细节理解题从文章第二段的“OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s‘TheKiss’.Itisapopularattraction”可知,《吻》是一幅深受欢迎的画作故选B项13.WhydidReichingersaythisreproductionwasdifficulttofinishA.Thepaintingwasreproduceddetailedly.B.Theoriginalartworkwasmadein
1908.C.Blindartfanscantdownloadthesource.D.The3Dtechnologyisnotavailable.答案与解析A 细节理解题从文章第三段的最后一句“Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouplesrobesaresodetailed”可知,AndreasReichinger说《吻》是最难完成的作品,因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多14.HowdidRaditschfeelwhenshefirsttouchedthereproductionA.Awkward.B.Puzzled.C.Excited.D.Nervous.答案与解析C 推理判断题从文章第四段中的“Youcanfeelit.Youcanfeelit”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情15.WhatisthebesttitleforthetextA.AEuropeanUnionProgramforMuseumVisitorsB.3DPrintingLetstheBlindExperienceFamousPaintingsC.HowtoReproducetheWorldfamousPaintingsD.ASpecialMuseumforArtFansinVienna,Austria答案与解析B 标题判断题从文章第一段的内容可以看出,用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心,下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的Ⅱ.七选五2018·南昌十校二模Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly__1__Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts.CleanthetoiletwithCoke.ItsamazinghowpowerfulCokemightbeasatoiletcleaner.__2__YoullsaveyourhealthbynotconsumingchemicalsthatCokecontainsandsavemoneybynotpurchasingprofessionalcleaners.Poursomecolaoverthestainsandleaveitallforafewhours.Thenletwaterwashthetoilet!Removewaterstainswithorangepeels.Youvejusteatenanorange.__3__Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels.Youcanusetheskinstocleanstainlesssteel.Yourapplianceswillshineagainafteryourub擦themwiththeskins.Thepeelscaneasilymakethosestubbornstainsdisappearinasecond.Usebananapeelstopolishleatherfurniture.Expertsclaimthatbananapeelsaregreatforpolishingleathersofasandarmchairs.Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask.__4__Afterwardsremovetheleftoverwithacloth.Thistrickissimpleandcheap.Useitifyouwantyourleatherfurnituretolookbrandnewagain.__5__Whywouldyouwanttobuyonewhenyoucanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnontoxic无毒的Justpour2litersofslightlywarmwaterintoadeepbowl.Thenadd50mlwhitevinegarandhalfateaspoonofdishwashingliquid.Shakethebowlandthenfillupaplasticspraywiththemixture.Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors.Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny.A.Waitaminute!B.Makeyourownglasscleaner.C.Followthestepsgivenbelow.D.Ofcourseyouransweris“yes”.E.Theyleavenomarksorscratches.F.Insteadofdrinkingituseittocleanthetoiletbowl.G.Theyareeconomicalandsafetouseonalloffurniture.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文想生活在一个干净的生活环境中、让一切光洁发亮吗?那就按照以下步骤来做吧无需购买昂贵的清洁用品,只需要一些小妙招1.答案与解析C 根据空前的“Wanttoliveinaperfectlycleanenvironmentandmakeitshinebrightly?”和空后的“Thenyouwillnotneedtopurchaseexpensivecleaningproducts”以及接下来列举的几条小妙招可知,C项“跟着以下步骤做”能起到承上启下的作用2.答案与解析F 本段讲的是用可乐清理厕所,故F项“你可以不喝可乐,而是用之清洁马桶”符合语境3.答案与解析A 根据下文中的“Donotthrowawaythoseorangepeels”可知,吃了橘子后,稍待片刻,不要扔掉橘子皮,你可以用之清理不锈钢所以选A4.答案与解析E 根据上文中的“Bananaskinsarerichinoilsandhavetherighttexturetodothetask”可知香蕉皮富含油脂,材质也非常适合擦拭皮质,使污痕或划痕统统不见所以选E5.答案与解析B 根据下文中的“youcanmakeyourownproductthatischeapandnontoxic无毒的...”“Useittocleanwindowsandmirrors.Makeyourglasssurfacescleanandshiny”可知,本段讲的是如何自制玻璃清洁剂,故B项符合语境。