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Unit22EnvironmentalProtection[一积词汇见多识广] [课内单词回扣]一阅读词汇写其义1.mainlandn.大陆
2.substituten.代替品,代用品3.botanicaladj.植物的
4.corruptadj.贪污受贿的,腐败的5.conservationn.保护
6.coincidencen.巧合7.relevantadj.有关的
8.changeableadj.多变的9.catastrophen.巨大的灾难
10.potentialn.可能性,潜在性11.negativeadj.消极的,负面的
12.financen.资金二表达词汇写其形1.trapvt.使困住
2.principlen.原则,道德准则3.advocatevt.主张,提倡
4.recyclevt.回收利用5.claimvt.声称
6.seizevt.依法没收7.sacrificevt.vi.牺牲,献出
8.meansn.方法9.endangervt.危害
10.condemnvt.迫使某人陷于不幸的境地三拓展词汇灵活用*
1.separationn.分离,分开→separateadj.分开的v.分离,分开*
2.constructvt.建造→constructionn.建造*
3.considerateadj.想得周到的,体贴的→considervt.考虑→considerationn.考虑→consideringprep.考虑到;鉴于*
4.adoptvt.采用;收养→adoptionn.收养;采用→adoptedadj.被收养的
5.reservationn.预订;保留;保护;疑惑→reserven.保护区vt.保留;预订→reservedadj.预订的,保留的
6.threatenvt.威胁→threatn.威胁
7.financen.资金→financialadj.财政的;金融的
8.allocatevt.分配,配给→allocationn.分配,配给*
9.politicsn.政治活动→politicaladj.政治的→politiciann.政治家
10.calculatevt.计算,算出→calculationn.计算→calculatorn.计算器*
11.sharpadj.尖的;锋利的;敏锐的→sharpenvt.使尖锐;使锋利;使敏捷→sharpenern.卷笔刀用上面加*号的单词的适当形式填空1.ItsconsiderateofyoutooffertheinformationandyouradvicetomebecauseIamconsideringchanginganapartment;Iwilltakeyouradviceintoconsideration.2.Afteralongseparation_theybothlivedaseparatelifeandintheendtheyseparatedpeacefully.3.Anewbridgeisbeingconstructedovertheriveranditsconstructionwillbefinishednextyear.4.Itisnotsafetoletthechildsharpenhispencilusingthesharpsharpener.5.Beinginterestedinpolitics_thewellknownpoliticianoftenparticipatesinavarietyofpoliticalactivities.6.Mr.WhiteistheadoptedsonofMrs.Greenwhoadoptedhimwhenhisparentsdied20yearsago.Thankstoheradoption_Mr.Whitecouldreceiveagoodeducationandbecameanengineer.[话题单词积累]1.environment/ɪnvaɪərənmənt/n.环境2.surroundings/səraʊndɪŋz/n.环境3.atmosphere/ætməsfɪər/n.大气4.pollute/pəluːt/vt.污染5.waste/weɪst/n.废料;垃圾6.noisy/nɔɪzɪ/adj.嘈杂的;喧闹的7.smelly/smelɪ/adj.有臭味的8.radiation/ˌreɪdɪeɪʃən/n.放射,放射物9.emission/imɪʃn/n.排放10.rubbish/rʌbɪʃ/n.垃圾;废物11.litter/lɪtər/v.乱丢杂物12.forbid/fəbɪd/vt.禁止13.permit/pəmɪt/vt.n.许可,允许14.proper/prɔpər/adj.恰当的,适当的15.punish/pʌnɪʃ/vt.惩罚16.reduce/rɪdjuːs/vt.减少17.prevent/prɪvent/vt.阻止,防止,预防18.recycle/ˌriːsaɪkəl/vt.回收;循环利用19.advocate/ædvəkeɪt/vt.拥护,支持,提倡20.replace/rɪpleɪs/vt.取代21.environmentallyfriendlyadj.环保的22.carbon/kɑːbən/dioxide/daɪɒksaɪd/二氧化碳23.survive/səvaɪv/vt.vi.幸免于,幸存24.survival/səvaɪvəl/n.存活,幸存25.habitat/hæbɪtæt/n.栖息地26.endangered/ɪndeɪndʒəd/adj.濒危的27.extinct/ɪkstɪŋkt/adj.灭绝的28.decline/dɪklaɪn/vi.降低;下降29.protect/prətekt/vt.保护30.increase/ɪnkriːs/vi.增加31.decrease/dɪkriːs/vi.减少32.creature/kriːtʃər/n.生物,动物33.wildlife/waɪldlaɪf/n.野生动物34.species/spiːʃiːz/n.物种35.ecology/ɪkɔlədʒɪ/n.生态,生态学[二积短语顿挫抑扬] [课内短语回扣]一根据汉语写出下列短语
1.a_number_of很多 *
2.in_turn依次,轮流;反过来
3.take_action采取行动*
4.lead_to引起,导致*
5.ahead_of在……前面*
6.apart_from除……以外*
7.answer_for对已产生的后果负责
8.call_for_an_end_to_sth.要求结束……
9.refer_to指,意即
10.all_in_all总的来说*
11.earn_ones_living谋生
12.as_a_matter_of_fact实际上*
13.look_ahead展望未来,向前看*
14.result_in导致
15.on_somebodys_behalf代表……
16.sum_up总结,概括
17.break_away_from摆脱;脱离团体、组织、某种思想体系二用上面加*号的短语完成下列句子1.Hiscarelessnessresulted_in/led_tosevereinjuries.2.Apart_fromafewwordsIdonotknowanyFrenchatall.3.Ithoughtwedbelatefortheconcertbutweendedupgettingthereahead_oftime.4.Theyoungmanmadeapromisetohisparentsthathewouldtrytoearn_his_livingaftergraduation.5.Hespendstoomuchtimeonmathsandthisin_turnaffectstheprogressofhisothersubjects.6.Youllanswer_foryourwrongdoingoneday.7.Youmustlook_aheadbeforeyougofurtherinthematter.[话题短语积累]1.letoffwastewater 排放废水2.be/liveinharmonywith与……和谐共处3.makeproperuseof合理利用4.keepthebalanceof保持……的平衡5.attachgreatimportanceto十分重视6.bring...undercontrol把……控制住7.be/beeawareof意识到8.contributeto导致9.onaccountof因为,由于10.useup/runoutof用光,耗尽11.raisetheawarenessof唤醒……意识12.livealowcarbonlife过低碳生活13.prevent/protect...from 阻止/保护……做……14.havea/an...effecton对……有……影响15.callon/appealtosb.todosth.号召/呼吁某人做某事16.thereisnodenying/doubtthat毫无疑问,毋庸置疑17.takeaction/steps/measurestodosth.采取措施做某事[三积句式写作扮靓] [课内句式仿写]1.含蓄条件句的虚拟[例句] WithoutthesenaturallyoccurringgasesthesunsrayswouldbouncebackintospaceleavingtheEarthcoldandimpossibletoliveon.[仿写] 如果没有电,世界将会一片黑暗Withoutelectricitytheworldwould_bedark.2.given用作介词或连词,表示“鉴于;考虑到;倘若”[例句] Giventhisdataitseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.[仿写] 考虑到她对孩子的关注,我可以肯定教书是适合她的职业Given_her_interest_in_children_Imsureteachingistherightcareerforher.3.拟人修辞手法[例句] Thelastfewyearshaveseenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscaleandexpertsarepredictingfarworsetoe.[仿写] 1949年10月1日中华人民共和国成立October_1st_1949_sawthefoundingofthePeoplesRepublicofChina.[话题佳句背诵]1.Manypeopleworrythatourenergywillrunoutquicklyifweuseitinanuncheckedway.许多人担心,如果不控制能源的使用的话,我们的能源将会很快被耗尽2.Itiswellknownthattheglobalwatershortageisbeingincreasinglysevereduetoglobalwarming.众所周知,由于全球变暖,全球水资源短缺问题正变得日益严重3.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbeingwarmerandthatitishumanactivitiesthathavecausedthisglobalwarming.毫无疑问,地球正在变暖,而全球变暖正是人类活动所致4.Accordingly/Consequentlyitisnotdifficulttodrawtheconclusionthatpeoplearemoreandmoreawareoftheimportanceoftheprotectionoftheenvironment.因此,不难得出结论人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了[四背语段语感流畅] ThoughithasbeentwoyearssincehegraduatedfromuniversityLiHuastilldidntintendtoearnhislivingandregardedplayingputergamesasameansofliving.Everytimehisparentsaskedhimtolookforajobhewouldthreatentobreakawayfromhomewhichledtohisparentsworry.Giventhatthesituationwasbeyondcontrolhisparentsturnedtotheexpertforhelp.Theyadoptedtheexpertsadviceandstoppedgivinghimmoney.NowLiHuahasfoundajobandlivesinharmonywithhisparents.尽管大学毕业已两年了,李华并没有打算去谋生,他把玩电脑看做是一种生活方式每次他的父母让他去找工作,他就威胁父母离家出走,这导致他的父母很担心考虑到难以控制这种局势,他的父母向专家寻求帮助他们采纳了专家的建议不再给他钱花现在李华已找到一份工作并和父母和谐相处了[第一板块 重点词汇突破] [师生共研词汇]1.trapvt.使困住;诱捕;诱骗;使陷入困境n.陷阱;圈套;捕捉器[教材原句] BecauseofthegreenhouseeffecttheEarthiswarmedbygasestrappedintheatmosphere.因为温室效应,困在大气层中的气体使得地球气温上升1trapsb.intodoingsth. 使某人陷入做某事的圈套;诱骗某人做某事;使中计be/gettrappedin被困在……中2fallintoatrap落入陷阱/圈套fallintothetrapofdoingsth.落入……的圈套;做某事不明智set/layatrapfor为……设圈套
①Theshopkeepertrappedmeintobuyingbuytheirpoorqualitymilk.售货员诱使我买了他们店里劣质的牛奶
②Shestoocleverto_fall_into_the_trap_ofdoinganyhardwork.她很聪明,不会中圈套去做任何困难的工作
③Sixmenhave_been_trapped_inamineforseventeenhours.6个人被困在矿井里已有17个小时了[联想发散] “被困于……中”的短语还有be/getlockedin;be/getstuckin;be/getcaughtin;be/getblockedin2.reservevt.储备;保存;保留;预订,预约n.保护区;储备[教材原句] Breweriesareoftenbuiltinnaturereserves.啤酒厂经常建在自然保护区[一词多义] 写出句中reserve的词性和含义
①Aseparateroomisreservedforsmokers.vt.保留
②Doyouhavetoreserveticketsinadvance?vt.预订
③FirstlyaneffectivewayIthinkistoreservewaterinascientificwayforfutureuse.vt.储备
④JiuzhaigouValleyisanaturereservelocatedinChinasSichuanProvince.n.保护区1inreserve 贮存;备用2reservesth.forsb./sth.为某人/某物保留、预订某物3reservationn.保留;预订房间、座位等makeareservation预订座位、房间等withoutreserve/reservation 毫无保留地4reservedadj.预订的,保留的
⑤Itisadvisabletokeepsomefoodin_reserveincaseofemergency.储备一些食物以应急需是明智的3.advocatevt.主张,提倡n.提倡者,拥护者[教材原句] Expertsadvocatethateachpersonplaytheirpart.专家们主张每一个人都要发挥自己的作用1advocatedoingsth. 提倡/拥护/支持做某事advocatethat...主张……[从句谓语动词用should+动词原形]2beanadvocateof/for……的提倡者/拥护者
①Manyexpertsadvocatereducingreducetheamountofchildrenshomeworkandadvocatethatchildrenshould_be_givengivemorefreetime.许多专家主张减少孩子的作业量,提倡给孩子更多的自由时间
②WeadvocatethattheIraniannuclearissueshould_be_resolvedsolvethroughdiplomaticmeans.我们主张伊核问题应通过外交途径来解决
③Inthecollegetheprofessorhemetfirstwasan_advocate_oftruth.在学院里,他最先遇到的教授是一个真理的提倡者4.substitutevt.vi.用……替代;取代n.代替品,代用品[教材原句] AfteralltheresnosubstituteforourEarth.毕竟,没有任何东西可以代替地球1asubstitutefor... ……的替代品2substituteAforB=substituteBwith/byA用A代替/取代Bsubstitutefor代替,取代
①InChinamanypeopleuseteaas_a_substitute_forcoffee.在中国,很多人用茶作为咖啡的替代品
②AsfarasImconcernedwemustsubstituteanewchairforthebrokenone=AsfarasImconcernedwemustsubstitutethebrokenchair_with/by_anewone.在我看来,我们必须用一把新椅子换掉这把坏椅子
③Atleastthreeyearsofrelevantexperiencemaysubstitute_fortheformalqualificationslistedabove.至少三年以上的相关经验可以代替上方所示正规资格5.threatenvt.威胁,恐吓[教材原句] Theythreatenedtocloseourcreditlinesifwedontreducetheamountofcarbondioxideweproduce.如果我们不降低二氧化碳的排放量,他们威胁说将取消我们的信用额度1threatensb.with... 用……威胁某人threatentodosth.威胁要做某事threatenthat...威胁……2threatn.威胁,恐吓athreattosb./sth.对某人或某事的威胁
①Severalgiantdamprojectsthreatento_dodomoreharmthangood.几个巨型大坝项目有弊大于利的危险
②Chinaisapeacelovingcountryandwehaveneverbeena_threat_totheworld.中国是一个爱好和平的国家,我们从来不会成为世界的威胁
③Hethreatenedtheoldladywithatoygun.他用玩具手枪威胁老太太6.meansn.方式,方法;手段[教材原句] Thetelephoneisameansofmunication.电话是一种交流工具meansofdoingsth. 做某事的方法、途径bymeansof借助……的手段bythismeans用这种方法byallmeans 可以,当然行;尽一切办法,务必,一定bynomeans 决不,一点也不置于句首,句子用倒装
①Furthermorepunishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.=Furthermorebynomeansis_punishmentawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.而且,惩罚绝不是帮助他们身心健康成长的明智选择
②Wemustfinishthetaskaheadofthedeadlineby_all_means.我们无论如何都要在最后期限之前完成任务
③Itaimstopromotetheculturalexchangeamongstudentsfromdifferentcountriesby_means_oflanguagestudy.它旨在通过语言学习促进来自不同国家学生之间的文化交流[名师点津] 当means表示“方法,方式,手段”时,单复数同形means作主语且有everyeachone等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有someseveralmanyfewall等词修饰时谓语动词用复数
④Everypossiblemeanshasbeentriedbutnoneworked.=Allpossiblemeanshavebeentriedbutnoneworked.各种可能的办法都尝试了,但没有一种奏效7.adoptvt.采用,采纳;收养[高考佳句] InrecentyearshoweveryounguppermiddleclasspeopleinLondonhavebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccentsinordertohidetheirclassorigins.2015·广东高考但是,在最近几年,伦敦中上阶层的年轻人为了掩盖他们的阶级出身,开始采用地方方言1adoptonessuggestion 采纳某人的建议theadoptedson养子2adoptionn.收养;采用
①Thegeneralmanagerdecidedtoadopt_his_suggestionaftermuchdeliberation.总经理经过再三思考后,决定采纳他的建议
②Thesenatorurgedagainsttheadoptionadoptofthemeasure.那位参议员极力反对采取这项措施[名师点津] adopt与adapt两词词形相近,但意思不同,adapt意为“适应;改编,改写”
③Theyoungcouplehadnochildrenoftheirownandadoptedanorphan.Afterafewmonthsthechildcametoadapttohisnewlife.这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子,领养了一名孤儿几个月后,这个孩子适应了新生活8.condemnvt.谴责,指责;宣判,判处;把某人置于困境[经典例句] Theywerecondemnedtoalifeofhardship.他们不得不过着艰苦的生活condemn...for... 因……而谴责……condemnsb.to...=sentencesb.to...判处某人……某种刑罚condemnsb.tosth./todosth.迫使某人接受困境或不愉快的状况;使某人注定做……
①Wewillcondemn_those_people_fortheirmistreatingpetssuchasdogsorcats.我们会谴责那些虐待宠物比如狗和猫的人
②Ifyoudontlearnfromthepastyouwillbecondemnedto_repeatrepeatitsmistakes.如果你不从过去吸取教训的话,就注定要重复以前的错误
③Hewas_condemned/sentenced_tolifeimprisonmentformurder.他因凶杀罪被判处终身监禁[自主练通词汇]1.sacrificev.牺牲,献出n.牺牲,献出单句语法填空/补全句子
①Heisalwaysreadytosacrificehispersonalinterestforthegroupbenefit.
②Jimsacrificedapromisingcareerto_staystayathomewithhiskids.
③Atrueherohascourageanoblepurposeandawillingnesstomake_sacrifices做出许多牺牲.
④Oursoldierarewillingtosacrifice_their_lives_to_defend_our_country牺牲他们的生命来保卫我们的国家.2.seizevt.抓住;捉住;夺;依法没收单句语法填空/补全句子
①Theyseizedon/upontheexcusetogetoutofthetrouble.
②Tomseizedtheletterfromherandbegantoreadoutloud.
③Beforehecouldrunawaysheseized_him_by_the_collar抓住了他的衣领.
④Ifhehadntseized_the_chance_of抓住……的机会escapingfromtheburningbuildinghemighthavelosthislife.[点拨] seizesb.bythe...“抓住某人的……”3.relevantadj.有关的;贴切的;中肯的句型转换/补全句子Topicsofconversationshouldberelatedtotheexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.
①Topicsofconversationshouldberelevanttotheexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.
②Topicsofconversationshouldbeconnected/associatedwiththeexperiencesandinterestsofthestudents.
③Whatyousaidis_not_relevant_to_the_subject与此主题没有关系.[点拨] 与……有关berelevant/relatedto;beassociated/connectedwith,特别要注意不同介词的使用4.coincidencen.巧合;同时发生;一致补全句子
①By_coincidence巧合的是theymetagainafterlosingcontactfortwentyyears.
②What_a_coincidence真巧!Ineverdreamedofmeetingyouhere.5.considerateadj.体贴的,考虑周到的单句语法填空
①Consideringconsiderwhatshehasdoneforusweconsiderherto_be/asaveryconsiderateconsiderperson.
②Youcanconsiderdoingdovolunteerworktoexpandyournetwork.
③Chinasnew“BeltandRoad”strategyhasconsiderableconsiderpotentialtocreatepositivebenefits.
④Everythingtakenintoconsiderationconsidertheybelievedthemselvesmorequalifiedforthejob.[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Bothschoolswerecrushedleavingmanychildren_trappedtrapinthewreckage.2.Idliketomakeareservationreservefortheroundtripticket.3.Theyadvocatedthatweshould_establishestablishadaycarecenter.4.Thescientistsarestudyingtodevelopasubstituteforthiskindofmedicine.5.Theboysstoppedplayingballinthestreetbecausethepolicemanthreatenedto_arrestarrestthem.6.Wecondemnedhimforhisbadconduct.7.ItwasconsiderateconsiderofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.8.BynomeansambeIsatisfiedwithwhatyouhavedone.9.Thesementsarenotdirectlyrelevanttothisenquiry.10.AdoptingadoptdifferentapproachestotheproblemIhavebeensuccessful.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Consideredyoursalaryyoushouldputasideatleast100dollarsaweek.Considered→Considering2.Everymeansaremeaninglessifyoudonttryyourbesttosolvetheproblem.are→is3.Nothingcansubstitutehardworkbecauselifeisaprocessofstruggleforsuccess.substitute后加for4.Ireservemyfavorablementstomyformermonitor.to→for5.Trappingintheruinsthegirlstillworeasmilewaitingtoberescued.Trapping→Trapped6.Theyadvocatedthateveryonedonatedsomemoneytotheearthquakestrickenarea.donated→donateⅢ.单句写作句型转换/补全句子/句式升级1.Itisgenerallybelievedthatwecantsubstitutephoneoremailforpersonalcontact.
①Itisgenerallybelievedthatwecantsubstitutepersonalcontactwith/byphoneoremail.
②Itisgenerallybelievedthatwecantreplacepersonalcontactwith/byphoneoremail.2.Idliketoreserveatablefortwo.→Idliketomakeareservationofatablefortwo.3.OnlyinthiswaycanweimproveourEnglishquickly.→OnlybythismeanscanweimproveourEnglishquickly.4.Thepoliceset_a_trap_for设了个圈套thethievesandtheyreallyfell_into_the_trap中计了.5.Theswancanreachitsfoodwithoutdivingasducksdo_by_means_of_its_long_neck借助于长长的脖子.6.Theyoungcoupledecidedtoadopt_two_homeless_boys收养两个无家可归的男孩thoughtheyhadthreeoftheirown.7.Whathedidinthepastyearswouldcondemn_him_to_live_alone注定使他独自生活inallhislife.8.Seize_the_chance抓住这个机会;otherwiseyoullregretit.9.Hetookalltheaspectsintoconsiderationanddesignedagoodpattern.
①Taking_all_the_aspects_into_consideration__he_designed_a_good_pattern.现在分词短语作状语
②All_the_aspects_taken_into_consideration__he_designed_a_good_pattern.独立主格[第二板块 短语、句式突破] 1.leadto引起,导致,造成后果;通向[教材原句] GlobalwarmingreferstoanaverageincreaseintheEarthstemperaturethatinturnleadstoclimatechange.地球变暖指的是地球平均温度升高,继而导致气候变化leadsb.to... 引导某人去……;带领某人通往……leadsb.todosth.使得某人做某事leada...life过……生活leadtheway领路
①Asweallknowsuccessliesinhardworkwhilelazinessleads_tofailure.众所周知,成功在于努力,然而懒惰导致失败
②Iwanttoknowwhatledyouto_choosechoosewritingasyourcareer.我想知道是什么让你选择写作作为你的事业的
③Onlyinpeacefulcountriescanthepeoplelead_a_happy_life.只有在和平的国家,人民才能过上幸福的生活[名师点津] leadto中to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词2.apartfrom除……之外都;除……之外尚有[教材原句] ApartfromthefewfoundinzoospandasliveonlyinthecentralbambooforestsofmainlandChina.除了少数几只在动物园里可以看到的大熊猫之外,它们只生活在中国内地的中心竹园里takesth.apart 将……拆开,拆分tell...apart分辨出……fallapart破裂;断裂;散开setsb.apart使某人与众不同
①Apart_fromgoodservicetherestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalFujiandishes.除了好的服务,这家饭店还提供各种各样的传统的福建菜
②Herhighheightsets_her_apartfromhersisters.高高的个子使她在其姊妹中分外引人注目
③Itseasytotell_my_pills_apartbecausetheyrealldifferentcolours.我的药片很容易区分,因为它们的颜色不一样[名师点津] apartfrom作“除……以外”讲时,既可以表示“包括”之意,相当于besides;也可以表示“不包括”之意,相当于except;还可以表示说明整个基本情况后,对细节加以纠正,相当于exceptfor3.allinall总的来说[经典例句] AllinallithadbeenoneofthemostmiserabledaysofHenryslife.朗文P50总的说来,这是亨利一生中最痛苦的日子之一atall 根本;无论如何;一点儿常用于否定句和条件从句中以加强语气afterall毕竟;终究inall总共firstofall首先,第一aboveall首先,最重要的是
①All_in_all_theChineseteamperformedwellinthe2016RioOlympicGames.总体来说,中国队在2016年里约奥运会上表现得不错
②Above_all_weshouldrecognizeourstrengthsandweaknesses.首先,我们应该找出自己的优点和缺点
③Thereisnoneedtopickathimalldaylongafter_all_hesachild.不要老是对他唠唠叨叨,他毕竟还是个孩子4.referto涉及,提及;谈到;参考;查阅 [经典例句] Powerreferstotheamountofcontrolapersonhasoverotherpeople.权力是指一个人对其他人的控制程度[一词多义] 写出句中referto的含义
①Ifyoudontunderstandsomewordsyoucanrefertothedictionary.查阅
②Hegavethespeechwithoutreferringtohisnotes.参考
③Althoughshedidntmentionanynamesweallknewwhoshewasreferringto.提及1referto...as... 把……称作……refer...to... 把……提交给……以求获得帮助2referencen.提及;参考;查阅in/withreferenceto关于
④Thegirlalwaysrefers_tothereferencebooksashergoodfriendsandhelpers.这个女孩总是把她的参考书称作她的好朋友和帮手
⑤Thecasewas_referred_toapolicemanwhohappenedtopassatthatmoment.这时候,一个警察碰巧从旁边经过,这事就告到了他那里
⑥With/In_reference_toyouradvertisedpositionIhavethepleasuretosaythatIamthejustpersonyouareaskingfor.关于广告上登的职位,我很高兴地说,我就是你们要找的那个人5.Giventhisdataitseemsthatthelinkbetweenhumanactivitiesandrisingglobaltemperaturesisnotmerelyacoincidence.鉴于这些数据,好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已1本句中的given为介词,意为“考虑到,鉴于”,表示原因;还可以表示假设,意为“倘若,假定”
①GivengivehishealthconditionsIthinkheshouldhaveagoodrest.考虑到他目前的健康状况,我认为他应该好好休息一下
②Given_more_attention_thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.倘若对这些树多加照料,它们会长得更好2表示“考虑到……”时,given后还可接that从句,that有时可省略
③Given_thattherewassolittletimeIthinktheyhavedoneagoodjob.考虑到时间紧迫,我认为他们干得不错3given还可作形容词,意为“规定的,特定的”
④Theyweretomeetatagivengivetimeandplace.他们定了个特定时间和地点见面[联想发散] 引导条件状语从句用法相似的表达还有consideringthat... 考虑到,鉴于seeingthat...既然,鉴于provided/providingthat...假定……assumingthat...假设,如果suppose/supposingthat...假如,如果6.The_last_few_years_have_seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscaleandexpertsarepredictingfarworsetoe.近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现,专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临Thelastfewyearshaveseen中的see是一种拟人的修辞手法意为“见证,目睹,经历”时,常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语,表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事用法相同的动词有findwitnesssayexperience等
①Thelast30yearshave_witnessed/seentherapiddevelopmentofChina.过去的30年见证了中国的快速发展
②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTiananmensaw/witnessedmanygreathistoricevents.天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.用apart短语填空takeapart/set...apart/tell...apart/apartfrom/fallapart1.Mybodymaybefalling_apart_butmybrainisnotyet.2.Pleasetake_aparttheradiotoseewhatswrongwithit.3.Hehasauniquegeniusthatsetshimapartfromotherwriters.4.ThetwinsaresomuchalikethatIcanttellthemapart.5.Apart_fromthepricewealsoneedtothinkaboutwhereitissituatedwhenbuyingahouse.Ⅱ.用refer短语填空referto/referto...as/withreferenceto1.Theseeightprivateuniversitiesarecollectivelyreferred_to_astheIvyLeagueschools.2.Ifyoudontknowtheexactmeaningofthewordyoumayrefer_tothedictionary.3.With_reference_toyourquestionaboutcosttheticketsforthefilmare35yuaneach.Ⅲ.用lead短语完成下面语段leadsb.to/leadahappylife/leadtheway他带路,把我们领到了西藏的一个小村庄在那里,我们发现当地人过着幸福的生活He
1.led_the_way_and
2.led_us_toavillageinTibetwherewefoundthelocalpeople
3.leading_a_happy_life.Ⅳ.用all短语完成下面语段aboveall/afterall/atall/firstofall/inall首先,你根本不该责备那个男孩,毕竟他还是个孩子;最重要的是,他总共只出了两处错误1.First_of_all_youshouldnothavescoldedtheboy
2.at_all;_heisachild
3.after_all.
4.Above_all_hemadeonlytwomistakes
5.in_all.Ⅴ.句型转换/补全句子/句式升级1.Ifyouaresickwedbetterputoffthemeeting.→Giventhatyouaresick_wedbetterputoffthemeeting.2.假定飞机不能准时到,我该怎么办?Suppose/Supposing/Assuming/Provided/Providing_that_the_plane_does_not_arrive_on_time_whatshallIdo3.我的家乡见证了改革开放以来的巨大变化My_hometown_has_seen/witnessedgreatchangessincethereformandopeningpoliciesstarted.4.如果他支持我们,我们就会赢得选举Given_that_he_supports_us_wellwintheelection.5.Thewayspeoplehowtoperceivetheworldhaschangedsincetheemergenceoftheshortstreamingvideos.用拟人修辞手法改写→The_emergence_of_the_short_streaming_videos_has_seen/witnessed_the_changes_of_the_ways_people_how_to_perceive_the_world.6.WereferredtothemanjustnowandheisfromAmerica.过去分词短语作定语→The_man_referred_to_by_us__just_now_is_from_America._提能一 用课文词汇写高分作文reserve,breakawayfrom,flee,leadto,panic,beyondcontrol,giventhat,threaten,advocatethat,apartfrom,adopt,means,trap1.补全要点句“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语
①上周一自然保护区的一头狮子挣脱牢笼逃离动物园,此事引起了人们的恐慌LastMondayalionfromthenature_reserve_broke_away_from_its_cage_and_fled_the_zoo_which_led_to_a_panic.
②据说失去控制的狮子非常危险Thelionbeyond_controlwasbelievedtobeverydangerous.
③鉴于人们的生命受到威胁,警方主张孩子们除了上学外均须待在家里Given__that_peoples_lives_were_threatened_thepoliceadvocated_thatchildrenshouldstayathomeeverydayapart_fromschooldays.
④后来警方采用一位猎人的方法,把这头狮子困在了陷阱里Afterthepoliceadopted_a_hunters_means__they_trapped_the_lion_in_a_trap.
⑤要是没有这位猎人的帮助,这头狮子不会这么快被捉住Without_the_hunters_help_the_lion_couldnt_have_been_caught_so_soon.2.升级平淡句1用时间作主语,谓语动词用see/witness升级句
①Last_Monday_saw/witnessed_a_lion_from_the_nature_reserve_broke_away_from_its_cage_and_fled_the_zoo_which_led_to_a_panic.2用it作形式主语升级句
②It_was_believed_that_the_lion_beyond_control_was_very_dangerous.3用现在分词作状语升级句
④Having_adopted_a_hunters_means_the_police_trapped_the_lion_in_a_trap.3.衔接成语篇注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇atlastLastMondaysaw/witnessedalionfromthenaturereservebrokeawayfromitscageandfledthezoowhichledtoapanic.Itwasbelievedthatthelionbeyondcontrolwasverydangerous.Giventhatpeoplesliveswerethreatenedthepoliceadvocatedthatchildrenshouldstayathomeeverydayapartfromschooldays.Atlasthavingadoptedahuntersmeansthepolicetrappedthelioninatrap.Withoutthehuntershelpthelioncouldnthavebeencaughtsosoon.提能二 用课文句型解构高考长难句 [本单元突破点——现在分词作状语]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句Lookingaheadscientistsbelievethatglobalwarmingcouldbeoneofthebiggestenvironmentalproblemsfacingthe21stcentury.本句中lookingahead为现在分词作状语,that引导宾语从句,另外,facingthe21stcentury为现在分词短语作后置定语,修饰problems回首过去,我真的不知道她是怎样做到的真题长难句LookingbackIhonestlydontknowhowshedidit.2016·6月浙江高考本句中lookingback为现在分词作状语,主句为Ihonestlydontknow,how引导宾语从句,作know的宾语一个阶段有一个阶段的热点话题,热点话题经常是高考关注的问题目前的热点话题包括人口问题、环境污染、全球变暖、环境保护、动物保护、犯罪与惩罚、社会差异、经济危机、就业问题、可持续发展等,考生要有意识地关注这些问题,考试时做到胸有成竹、临场不乱高考中“环境保护”话题的语篇多以说明文、议论文、记叙文或新闻报道的形式出现这些文章多涉及介绍动植物的种类、现状或保护,讨论环境的污染与保护,说明人口和自然生态的发展等
一、话题与语篇[考题示例] 2015·安徽高考Inourmodernworldwhensomethingwearsoutwethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The__36__isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof__37__becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore.Howdidwe__38__athrowawaysocietyFirstofallitisnoweasierto__39__anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.__40__modernmanufacturing制造业andtechnologypaniesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland__41__.Anothercauseisour__42__ofdisposable一次性的products.As__43__peoplewearealwayslookingfor__44__tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.panies__45__thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:paperplatesplasticcupsandcamerastonameafew.Ourappetitefornewproductsalso__46__totheproblem.Weare__47__buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat__48__isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe__49__usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones.Allaroundtheworldwecanseethe__50__ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To__51__theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe__52__,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.__53__,thisisnotenoughtosolve解决ourproblem.Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions__54__throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout__55__.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment.36.A.key B.reasonC.projectD.problem37.A.giftsB.rubbishC.debtD.products38.A.faceB.beeC.observeD.change39.A.hideB.controlC.replaceD.withdraw40.A.ThankstoB.AstoC.ExceptforD.Regardlessof41.A.safeB.funnyC.cheapD.powerful42.A.loveB.lackC.preventionD.division43.A.sensitiveB.kindC.braveD.busy44.A.waysB.placesC.jobsD.friends45.A.donateB.receiveC.produceD.preserve46.A.adaptsB.returnsC.respondsD.contributes47.A.tiredofB.addictedtoC.worriedaboutD.ashamedfor48.A.newerB.strongerC.higherD.larger49.A.pickupB.payforC.holdontoD.throwaway50.A.advantagesB.purposesC.functionsD.consequences51.A.showB.recordC.decreaseD.measure52.A.technologyB.environmentC.consumersD.brands53.A.HoweverB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile54.A.byB.infavourofC.afterD.insteadof55.A.spendingB.collectingC.repairingD.advertising[策略指导] 一这样读文1.抓首句,明文体,确保读文方向不跑偏由文章首句“Inourmodernworld...”和“countriesaroundtheworld...because...thaneverbefore”和关键信息句“Anothercauseis...products.”“Ourappetite...theproblem.”等可判断此文是一篇议论文2.抓关键词话题词、行为动词,巧串联,理顺文脉明主旨速读文章,结合文中“rubbishreducetakecareofenvironment”等话题词汇和“wearsoutthrow...awaydisposable”等关键信息词可知此文与“环境保护”有关本文的行文脉络如下二这样做题[名师解题]语篇解读本文是一篇议论文我们用过的东西随手就扔掉了慢慢地,我们的社会就变成了一个一次性社会,为什么会产生这样的现象?我们该如何解决这一问题?本文给我们提出了建议36.选D 联系后文的“countriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof37rubbish”可知,堆积如山的垃圾已经成了社会问题problem了key“关键”;reason“原因”;project“工程”37.选B 结合空后的“becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore”可知,因为人们扔的垃圾越来越多,垃圾已经堆积成山,故该空填rubbishgift“礼物”;debt“债务”;product“产品”38.选B 由空后的“athrowawaysociety”及后文的几个原因可知,此句意为我们是如何成为bee一个一次性社会的?face“面对”;observe“观察”;change“变化”39.选C 结合空前的“easierto”和后文的“tospendtimeandmoneytorepairit”可知,替换replace一件东西比花时间和金钱修理它要容易得多hide“藏”;control“控制”;withdraw“撤回,退出”40.选A “modernmanufacturing制造业andtechnology”是“paniesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively”的原因,因此用thanksto“多亏,由于”asto“至于”;exceptfor“除了”;regardlessof“不管,不考虑”41.选C 结合前文的“quicklyandinexpensively”可知此处是指“产品充足,价格便宜cheap”safe“安全的”;funny“有趣的”;powerful“强有力的”42.选A 从后文“wearealwayslookingfor44waystosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier”可知,我们对于一次性产品的喜爱love是我们制造太多垃圾的另一个原因lack“缺乏”;prevention“阻止”;division“分开,分割”43.选D 从后文的“tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier”可知,我们是一些忙碌的busy人们sensitive“善解人意的”;kind“善良的”;brave“勇敢的”44.选A 前文讲到一次性产品的使用,因此我们总是寻找能节省时间和让我们的生活变得更容易的方式waysplace“地方”;job“工作”;friend“朋友”45.选C 由主语panies可知,工厂应该是生产produce大量的一次性产品donate“捐赠”;receive“收到”;preserve“保存”46.选D 联系空前的“Ourappetitefornewproductsalso”可知,我们对新产品的渴望也导致了contributesto这个问题adapt“适应”;return“返回”;respond“回答,回应”47.选B 结合前文的“Ourappetitefornewproducts”可知,我们是对购买新的东西上瘾areaddictedto了betiredof“厌倦”;beworriedabout“担心”;beashamedfor“羞愧于”48.选A 上句中的“newthings”及空后的“withthelatestproducts”都暗示该空填newer广告说服我们,越新的越好,越新越令人满意strong“强壮的”;high“高的”;large“大的”49.选D 联系后文的“tomakeroomfornewones”可知,我们常常是扔掉throwaway还有用的物品,去给新的东西腾出地方pickup“捡起,收听,学会”;payfor“支付”;holdonto“抓住不放”50.选D 从下文的“Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.”可知,在全世界我们都可以看到这种一次性的生活方式所带来的后果consequencesadvantage“好处”;purpose“目的”;function“功能”51.选C 结合后文的“moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials”可知,是为了减少decrease垃圾的数量show“展示”;record“记录”;measure“测量”52.选B 减少垃圾,回收利用的目的就是为了保护环境environment53.选A 联系空后的“thisisnotenoughtosolve解决ourproblem”可知,空前后为转折关系,故用howeverotherwise“否则”;therefore“因此”;meanwhile“同时”54.选D 从空前的“Weneedtorepairourpossessions”可知,我们需要修理我们的物品再用,而不是insteadof扔掉它们by“通过”;infavourof“支持”;after“在……之后”55.选A 结合前文“Ourappetitefornewproducts”及后文“Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabits...”可知,我们也需要重新考虑我们的消费spending态度了collect“收集”;repair“修理”;advertise“做广告”[完形填空系列技法7] 利用对比结构解题对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较和对比高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目如上文中的40题,同一个句子中的“公司能迅速廉价地生产产品”与“现代化的制造业和科技”之间构成因果关系,故选A第53题空格前的句子与空格后的句子构成转折关系,故选A三这样积累1.appetiten. 爱好;胃口2.persuadevt.劝说,说服3.latestadj.最新的4.amountn.数量5.possessionn.财产;所有权;所有物6.throwaway扔掉7.wearout破旧了,磨损8.takecareof照看,照顾
二、话题与写作[考题示例] 2016·北京高考假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序,以“ActionsforaGreenerEarth”为题,给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件,介绍活动的全过程注意词数不少于60提示词地球日EarthDay[写作规范] 第一步写对词汇不丢冤枉分1.接近;靠近 approach2.张贴put_up3.号召call_on4.采取行动take_action/measures/steps5.提出put_forward/e_up_with/raise6.尽某人最大的努力try_ones_best7.分发;赠送give_away8.对……感到自豪feel_proud_of/take_pride_in第二步列全要点,写对句子保基本分1.随着地球日的临近,我们学校张贴了许多海报号召我们采取行动维护一个更绿色的地球As_the_Earth_Day_was_approaching_a_lot_of_posters_were_put_up_in_our_school_to_call_on_us_to_take_action_for_a_greener_earth.2.当我们看到这一点时,我和同学们简短地商讨了一下,我们提出了一个回收利用的好主意When_we_saw_that_my_classmates_and_I_had_a_short_discussion_and_we_put_forward_a_good_idea_of_recycling.3.第二天,我们把很多用过的东西带到学校,尽我们最大的努力把它们变成各种各样新的东西The_next_day_we_brought_a_lot_of_used_materials_to_school_and_tried_our_best_to_make_various_kinds_of_new_things.4.放学之后,我们去了附近的社区把这些东西分发给那里的人们After_school_we_went_to_the_nearby_neighbourhood_and_gave_them_away_to_the_people_there.5.很快校长就听说了我们的行动The_headmaster_heard_of_our_deeds_soon.6.因为我们已经为我们的地球做了一些有意义的事,所以我们感到非常自豪We_felt_very_proud_of_ourselves_because_we_had_done_something_meaningful_for_our_earth.第三步句式升级,打造亮点得高分1.用with的复合结构升级练习1WiththeEarthDayapproachingalotofposterswereputupinourschooltocallonustotakeactionforagreenerearth.2.用现在分词作状语升级练习2Seeing_that_my_classmates_and_I_had_a_short_discussion_and_we_put_forward_a_good_idea_of_recycling.3.用“It+be+一段时间+before...”句型升级练习3It_wasnt_long_before_the_headmaster_heard_of_our_deeds.第四步过渡衔接,润色成文创满分ActionsforaGreenerEarthWiththeEarthDayapproachingalotofposterswereputupinourschooltocallonustotakeactionforagreenerearth.SeeingthatmyclassmatesandIhadashortdiscussionandweputforwardagoodideaofrecycling.Thenextdaywebroughtalotofusedmaterialstoschoolandtriedourbesttomakevariouskindsofnewthings.Afterschoolwewenttothenearbyneighbourhoodandgavethemawaytothepeoplethere.Itwasntlongbeforetheheadmasterheardofourdeeds.Heinvitedustointroduceourexperienceattheschoolmeeting.Wefeltveryproudofourselvesbecausewehaddonesomethingmeaningfulforourearth.[单元检测·高考提能]单元检测A——语言基础扎根练+阅读理解提速练[语言基础扎根练]Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空1.Thereportadvocated主张thatallbuildingsshouldbefittedwithsmokedetectors.2.Hewassubstituted替代foranothermidfielderbecauseofhisinjury.3.Theywillcondemn谴责youforyourselfishness.4.SometimesIwonderifmyteachingisrelevant有关的tothefutureofthestudents.5.Allchildrenshouldbeencouragedtodeveloptheirfullpotential潜能.6.Itisnotworthsacrificing牺牲yourhealthforyourcareer.7.Thegirlisalwayspoliteandconsiderate体贴的tohercustomerswhichearnsheragoodreputation.8.Weweretoldthatourroomshadntbeenreserved预订forthatweekbutfortheweekafter.9.Theseparationseparatebetweenushasprovedtobeablessingforme.10.Youdbetterwritedownthephonenumberofthatrestaurantforfuturereferencerefer.11.Theriseofthenovelwascoincidentcoincidencewiththedeclineofstorytelling.12.Donttrytothreatenthreatme.Iwontpromisewithyou.13.Theschoolsmustadoptadoptionnewmethodsofteachingforeignlanguages.14.Becauseofthefinancialfinanceproblemtheyhadnochoicebuttoannouncebankruptcy.15.Thelocalgovernmentraisedlargesumsforhighwayconstructionconstruct.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Itissleepinglateinthemorningthatleadstomylateforwork.my前加being2.Obviouslygivingtheimpossibilitywehavetodothenextbestthing.giving→given3.Alltheplayersinsistedthatthejudgetreatedthemequallyandfairlyduringthematches.treated→treat4.Tomwentoutoftheroomhurriedlyleavingthetaprun.run→running5.Thataffectedmeanditseemedthatasifithadhappenedonlyyesterday.去掉第二个that6.Illshowyouhowtoacplisheachstepinturnsinthenextseveralsections.turns→turn7.IcaughthimbyhisarmassoonasIcaughtsightofhim.his→the8.Itiscoincidenceoflifebutitisalsoadestinyofourhistory.coincidence前加aⅢ.补全句子/一句多译1.再有一个小时,我也能理解答出这道题Given__give_another_hour_Icanalsoworkouttheproblem.2.有一些艺术家敢于脱离传统的艺术形式Therearesomeartistswhoarebraveenoughtobreak_away_from_the_traditional_art_forms.3.听懂英语口语绝非易事Itisby_no_meanseasytounderstandspokenEnglish.4.他的职业迫使他长时间的离开家人Hisoccupationcondemned_him_to_spendlongperiodsawayfromhisfamily.5.现代科学已给出了明显的证据,吸烟会导致许多疾病Modernsciencehasgivenclearevidencethatsmoking_can_lead_to_many_diseases.6.玛格丽特预订了她在新加坡最喜欢的饭店Margaretmade_a_reservationinherfavoritehotelinSingapore.7.你最好不要做任何超出你权利的事,否则你就会陷入困境Youdbetternotdoanythingbeyond_your_power_oryouwillgetintotrouble.8.如果你对酒精过敏,可以换成四分之一杯的白醋
①Ifyouaresensitivetoalcoholyoucansubstitute_1/4_cup_of_white_vinegar_for_it.
②Ifyouaresensitivetoalcoholyoucansubstitute_it_with/by_1/4_cup_of_white_vinegar.[阅读理解提速练]Aetomeetourstars!TheworldfamousRinglingBros.Circusisbuildinguptheexcitementonehourbeforetheshowbegins.AttheAllAccessPreShowchildrenofallagesareinvitedtojoinourperformersontheshowfloor.Itsyourchancetoberightinthemiddleofthecircusaction.Youcanlearncircusskillsandgetsignaturesfromextraordinarycircusstarstryonatraditionalringmasterjacketandbepartofourdanceparty!GypsyGomesesfromArgentinawhereshewastaughthercircusskillsasachild.Shewillleaveyourheadspinningasshecontrolsupto80hulahoops呼啦圈whilebalancingonahugemirrorball.Havingmanyhoopsthrowninherdirectionallatonceisjustoneofhermanytalents.EmilyRyangivesthrillingperformancesinherGermanWheel.Herbeautyandcouragegohandinhandwithherbroadtalentsandtricks.WiththemosteleganttouchEmmaAverybravelystepsoutintothinaironasilverthreadofwireshowingherskillsnotonlyofbalancebutofbeautifullyperformedtalents.ThesixthgenerationSwisscircusartistRositaGasserperformsauniqueandverymoderndisplayontheRomanRingswithskillbalanceandstyle.Herstrengthandcontrolduringtheperformancehasefrombeingasingledoubleflyingtrapeze空中飞人fromtheyoungageofeightandalifetimeinthecircus.Totakeadvantageofthisonceinalifetimeexperiencejustvisitringlingbros.expapp.fromyouriPhoneorAndroidsmartphoneprovideyournameemailandphonenumbertoseetheexcitingexperiencesthatarewaitingforyou!语篇解读本文是一篇马戏团的演出广告,介绍了该团中著名表演者的表演项目和演出特色,最后给出了订票方式1.WhatcanachilddoattheAllAccessPreShowA.Recordtheperformance.B.Swapsignatureswiththecircusstars.C.Tryonatraditionalringmasterjacket.D.Takesomephotoswiththecircusstars.解析选C 细节理解题根据第一段最后一句中的“tryonatraditionalringmasterjacketandbepartofourdanceparty”可知,观众可以试穿马戏团表演指挥的夹克,故C项正确2.WheredidGypsypickuphercircusskillsA.InArgentina. B.InGermany.C.InSwitzerland.D.InRome.解析选A 细节理解题根据第二段的第一句“GypsyGomesesfromArgentinawhereshewastaughthercircusskillsasachild”可知,GypsyGomes小时候在Argentina学习了马戏表演技能,故A项正确3.WhowasborninacircusfamilyA.GypsyGomes.B.EmilyRyan.C.EmmaAvery.D.RositaGasser.解析选D 细节理解题根据第五段的第一句“ThesixthgenerationSwisscircusartistRositaGasserperformsauniqueandverymoderndisplayontheRomanRingswithskillbalanceandstyle”可知,RositaGasser是瑞士马戏艺术世家的第六代传人,故D项正确4.WhatisthemainpurposeofwritingthistextA.Toattractpeopletothecircusshow.B.Toinvitechildrentothedanceparty.C.Toinformreadersofwaystoregister.D.Tointroducereaderssomecircusstars.解析选A 写作目的题根据第一段的第一句“etomeetourstars”和最后一段并结合文章内容可知,本文是一篇马戏团的演出广告,介绍了该团中著名表演者的表演项目和演出特色,并给出了订票方式据此可以判断,本文旨在吸引人们去观看马戏表演,故A项正确B“OncetherewastheStoneAgethentheBronzeAgeandnowweareinthemiddleofthePlasticAge,”saidteenagerBoyanSlat.“Everyyearweproduce300milliontonsofplastic.Muchofitreachesouroceans.”Attheageof16BoyanSlatscubadivedoffGreeceintheMediterraneanSeaseeingmorerubbishfloatingonandunderthesurface.Hesaid“AtfirstIthoughtIwasswimmingthroughstrangejellyfish.InsteadIswamthroughmoreplasticbagsthanfish.”Seeingalltheoceantrashheaskedhimself,“Whynotcleanitup?”SlatquithisAerospaceEngineeringstudiestocreate.theoceancleanup.inordertofundhisresearchonhowtopickupalltheplastictrashfloatingontheoceansoftheworld.Researchersdiscoveredthat46000piecesofplasticfloatoneverysquaremileoftheoceansproducedbybillionsofhumansaroundtheplanetthrowingtheirplasticintoriversstreamsanddirectlyintotheoceans.Whatsworseplasticdoesnotbreakdown.Todaywefindplasticinthetissueofabouteverycreatureintheoceans.Additionallymillionsoftonsofplasticgatheringiantoceangoinggarbagepatches垃圾带.YoumayGoogle“TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch”.Itgrowsfrom60to90feetdeepinplaces.Itkillsmillionsofseabirdsturtlessharksdolphinsandwhales.BeingabrilliantinnocentteenagerBoyanSlatdecidedtoconstructdesignsofsomeequipmentthatwouldcollectmillionsoftonsofplasticfloatingonouroceans.Hecreatedasolarpoweredtrawler拖网渔船topickupsurfaceplasticchewitupandstoreitinhugebinsforcollection.Healsocreatedfloatingbooms挡栅thatallowtheoceanstosweeptheplasticforefficientpickup.Whenyouseethedesignstheywillblowyourmind.BoyanSlatstandsattheheadofhisclassincreatingsolutionsforthefollyofhumans.IfeverhumansneedleaderstostandupandbecountedweneedmorepeoplelikeBoyanSlattoleadusoutofdamagingourplanethometowardsabiologicallyhealthyfuture.语篇解读16岁的BoyanSlat设计出了专门用于收集海洋塑料垃圾的设备,为保护海洋生态系统作出了杰出的贡献5.BoyanSlatsaidweareinthePlasticAgebecausenowadays________.A.theuseofplasticisallhumansbigconcernB.thereistoomuchplasticallovertheworldC.plasticthreatensmanycreaturesintheoceansD.plasticisthemostimportantmaterialinourdailylife解析选B 推理判断题根据第一段可知,BoyanSlat在说了我们处在塑料时代之后,紧接着说明我们每年制造大量塑料这一事实由此可推知,他这样说是因为现在全世界有太多塑料
6.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus________.A.thepopularityofplasticB.thegreatharmcausedbyplasticrubbishC.thepresentsituationofgarbagepatchesD.therelationshipbetweenplasticandanimals解析选B 段落大意题通读第四段可知,本段主要讲了被废弃在海洋中的塑料垃圾对海洋生物造成的巨大危害7.WhichofthefollowingwereBoyanSlatseffortstofightagainstplasticrubbishontheoceansa.Hecreatedfloatingbooms.b.Hecreatedarubbishpickingtrawler.c.Heinventedspecialhugebinsforcollection.d.Hestarted.theoceancleanup.toraisefunds.A.abd B.acdC.adcD.bcd解析选A 细节理解题根据第五段第
二、三句可知,他创造了用来捡拾海洋垃圾的太阳能拖网渔船以及漂浮水栅;根据第三段第一句可知,他为清理海洋垃圾筹资而创建了.theoceancleanup.这一网站综上可知,应选A项
8.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBoyanSlatA.Generousandhardworking.B.Carefulandstrongwilled.C.Cheerfulandfriendly.D.Creativeandpractical.解析选D 推理判断题综合全文可知,BoyanSlat在发现问题后便开始着手解决问题,并将想法付诸实践,达到了预期效果由此可推知,他是个很务实的人根据第五段介绍的他的发明可知,他很有创造力故选D项单元检测B——完形填空精准练+失分题型强化练[完形填空精准练]2018·辽宁省六校协作体联考“Godgiveusthankfulheartsfortheseandforallourmanyblessings.”Thatwasthe__1__myfatheranEastTexasfarmersaidovereverymeal.PapassedawaylongagobutItryto__2__hisexampleeveryday.TheyearwespentThanksgivingatourhomeonLakeTawakoniwassucha__3__.Iwaspreparingadinnerpartyfortheday.Iopenedtheovenputinourhuge__4__andtriedtoturnontheoldoven.Ittookjustafewminutesformeto__5__thattheheatinghadfailed.Ionlyhadafewhours__6__familymembersandspecialfriendsweregoingtoarrivewithsidedishessoIcalledmyneighborLoisandexplainedmyproblem.Loisjust__7__andsaid“Honeyyoubringthatturkeytomyhouse.Wellhaveitcookedinnotime.”Withasighof__8__,Iputtheroastingpanintothecarand__9__acrosstheroad.LoisbabysatthebigbirdwhileIreturnedtothelakehouseand__10__afestivetable.WhiletheturkeywascookedinherovenIgavespecial__11__tothekindneighbor.Myfamilyandfriendsarrived.We__12__beforeourmealstoodina__13__andprayed.Somepeoplementionedthingsforwhichtheywere__14__thankfulandothersstoodin__15__silence.Thetissueboxmadeitswayaroundthecircleassomeofusbeganto__16__—asignofjoyratherthansorrow.Whenthelastofthefoodwas__17__offthetableItookadeepbreath.AThanksgivingprayeriseasyformewhenthingsaregoingwellbutsometimesit__18__extracouragetogivethankswhenIamsadorwhensomethingunforeseen__19__myplans—evenabrokenoven.ThenIstoppedto__20__PaandthemanytimesIheardhimsay“Godgiveusthankfulheartsfortheseandforallourmanyblessings.”Iwantthattobemyprayertoo.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文通过“我”的父亲每天在饭前向上帝祈祷这件事,“我”明白了父亲祈祷的真意事情顺利时,表达感谢是很容易的;但是当悲伤或计划被破坏时,表达感谢需要勇气1.A.plaint B.wishC.prayerD.dream解析选C 根据上文中的“Godgiveusthankfulheartsfortheseandforallourmanyblessings”可知,这是父亲向上帝祷告的话C项意为“祷告”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“抱怨”;B项意为“心愿”;D项意为“梦想”,都与语境不符2.A.followB.copyC.setD.contain解析选A 根据该句中的“hisexampleeveryday”,并结合第一段中父亲向上帝祷告的描述可知,“我”也以他为榜样每天祷告A项意为“跟随,以……为榜样”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“复制”;C项意为“设置”;D项意为“包含”,都与语境不符3.A.dinnerB.partyC.processD.time解析选D 根据下文内容可知,这里指“今年过的感恩节就是这样的祷告时间time”,故D项正确A项意为“晚餐”;B项意为“聚会”;C项意为“过程”,都与语境不符4.A.mealB.turkeyC.roastD.beef解析选B 根据空前的“Thanksgiving”和下文第三段中的“turkey”并结合常识可知,在感恩节那天,“我”将火鸡放进烤箱B项意为“火鸡”,符合语境,故B项正确A项意为“饭”;C项意为“烤肉”;D项意为“牛肉”,都与语境不符5.A.realizeB.predictC.admitD.assume解析选A 根据语境可知,“我”在几分钟之内意识到烤箱的加热系统坏了A项意为“意识到”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“预测”;C项意为“承认”;D项意为“假设”,都与语境不符6.A.untilB.beforeC.sinceD.after解析选B 根据语境可知,在家人和特别要好的朋友到来之前,“我”只有几个小时的时间B项意为“在……之前”,符合语境,故B项正确7.A.laughedB.yelledC.screamedD.nodded解析选A 根据Lois所说的话可知,Lois认为她可以立刻烤好;据此可以判断,她是笑着对“我”说的A项意为“笑”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“叫喊”;C项意为“尖叫”;D项意为“点头”,都与语境不符8.A.beliefB.surpriseC.reliefD.doubt解析选C 根据上文Lois所说的“Wellhaveitcookedinnotime”可知,“我”感到宽慰,松了一口气C项意为“宽慰”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“信念”;B项意为“惊奇”;D项意为“怀疑”,都与语境不符9.A.walkedB.movedC.touredD.drove解析选D 根据语境可知,“我”将烤盘放进汽车,驾车drove穿过公路,故D项正确A项意为“行走”;B项意为“移动”;C项意为“旅游”,都与语境不符10.A.paintedB.boughtC.preparedD.borrowed解析选C 根据语境可知,在Lois烤火鸡时,“我”返回去准备节日的饭桌C项意为“准备”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“绘画”;B项意为“购买”;D项意为“借用”,都与语境不符11.A.tasksB.dishesC.prizesD.thanks解析选D 根据语境可知,邻居帮“我”烤了火鸡,“我”向她表示感谢thanks,故D项正确A项意为“任务”;B项意为“菜肴”;C项意为“奖赏,奖金”,都与语境不符12.A.pausedB.discussedC.hesitatedD.quarreled解析选A 根据该句中的“stoodina________andprayed”可知,我们在饭前停了一会儿,围成一圈开始祷告A项意为“暂停”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“讨论”;C项意为“犹豫”;D项意为“争吵”,都与语境不符13.A.lineB.circleC.rowD.room解析选B 根据该段最后一句中的“circle”可知,我们在饭前停了一会儿,围成一圈开始祷告14.A.hardlyB.seriouslyC.particularlyD.casually解析选C 根据语境可知,有些人提到了他们要特别感谢的事情C项意为“尤其,特别”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“几乎不”;B项意为“严重地”;D项意为“随意地”,都与语境不符15.A.joyfulB.carefulC.respectfulD.sorrowful解析选C 根据语境并结合常识可知,有些人提到了他们要特别感谢的事情,其他人则尊敬地保持沉默C项意为“尊敬的”,符合语境,故C项正确A项意为“欢乐的”;B项意为“细心的”;D项意为“悲伤的”,都与语境不符16.A.cryB.smileC.cheerD.sing解析选A 根据语境可知,有些人开始哭泣,这是一种快乐的标志,而不是悲伤的标志A项意为“哭泣”,符合语境,故A项正确B项意为“微笑”;C项意为“欢呼”;D项意为“歌唱”,都与语境不符17.A.knockedB.droppedC.kickedD.swept解析选D 根据语境可知,此处表示“当桌子上最后的食物被扫除一空时”,sweepoff为固定搭配,意为“扫去”,符合语境,故D项正确A项意为“撞,击”;B项意为“落下”;C项意为“踢”,都与语境不符18.A.needsB.takesC.wantsD.loses解析选B 根据语境可知,有时表达感谢需要勇气,尤其是在悲伤时由空前的it及空后的“togive”可知选takes,构成ittakes...todo19.A.monitorsB.ruinsC.adjuststoD.keepsto解析选B 根据语境可知,在悲伤或是未曾料想到的事情破坏了计划时,表达感谢需要勇气B项意为“毁坏”,符合语境,故B项正确A项意为“监视”;C项意为“调整,调节”;D项意为“保持”,都与语境不符20.A.callupB.turntoC.bringbackD.reflecton解析选D 根据语境可知,“我”回忆起了父亲和他的祷告D项意为“认真思考,沉思”,符合语境,故D项正确A项意为“给……打电话”;B项意为“求助于”;C项意为“带回来”,都与语境不符[失分题型强化练]Ⅰ.语法填空Mr.andMrs.Zuckerbergannouncedtodonatemoneyagain!Thecoupledonatedatotalof3billiondollarstotheirprogram__1__callCZIoverthenext10yearstohelpcurepreventormanagealldiseasesbytheendofthe21stcentury.InDecember2015theylaunchedtheprogramjusttohonorthebirthof__2__daughterMax.LastyearwhentheirbabygirlwasborntheFacebooksCEO__3__giveawaythemajorityofhiswealthandwrotealettertotheirnewbabygirlinwhichheannouncedthe__4__createoftheChanZuckerbergInitiative__5__willfocusonpersonalizedlearningcuringdiseaseconnectingpeopleand__6__buildstrongmunities.“Foryourgenerationtoliveina__7__goodworldthereissomuchmoreourgenerationcando,”Zuckerbergwrote.“Todaywewillspendourlivesdoingoursmallparttohelpsolvethesechallenges.Wewillgive99%ofourFacebookshares—__8__currentabout$45billion—toadvancethisvaluablemission,”hewrote.“Weknowthisisasmallcontributionpared__9__alltheresourcesandtalentsalreadyworkingontheseissues__10__wewanttodowhatwecanworkingalongsidemanyothers.”语篇解读脸书网创始人扎克伯格和他的妻子再次宣布捐款30亿美元用于医学领域,这是继扎克伯格夫妇为了纪念女儿的降生将名下大部分财产捐献后的又一次善举1.called 考查非谓语动词句意夫妇两人将总计30亿美元的钱款捐赠给他们那个叫作CZI的项目句中已有谓语动词donated,因此设空处应用非谓语动词;call与program之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作后置定语修饰program,相当于定语从句whichiscalledCZI2.their 考查代词此处指的是扎克伯格夫妇的女儿,应填形容词性物主代词their3.gave 考查动词的时态句意去年,当他们的女儿出生时,脸书网的首席执行官捐赠了他的大部分财产,并给他们的新生女儿写了一封信根据时间状语“Lastyearwhentheirbabygirlwasborn”可知,此事发生在过去,应用一般过去时故填gave4.creation 考查词性转换句意在信中,他宣布陈·扎克伯格倡议的成立,它将会关注个性化学习、疾病治疗、人与人的联通和建立强大社区设空处前有冠词the,后有介词of,因此应用名词形式故填creation5.which 考查定语从句句意见上一题解析分析句子结构可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为theChanZuckerbergInitiative,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,故用which引导6.building 考查非谓语动词focusondoingsth.为固定搭配,意为“聚焦做某事”,设空处与personalizedlearningcuringdiseaseconnectingpeople为并列关系,同作介词on的宾语,应用动名词形式7.better 考查形容词比较级句意扎克伯格写道“为了让你们这一代人生活在一个更好的世界里,我们这代人有太多事要做”根据句意可知,此处表示“一个更好的世界”,暗含比较意义,应用比较级故填better8.currently 考查词性转换句意我们会将脸书网99%的份额——当前大约为450亿美元捐出以推动这项有价值的使命设空处在句中作状语,表示“目前”,应用副词故填currently9.to/with 考查介词句意我们知道,与所有的资源和正从事这项事业的人才比起来,这只是一个很小的贡献,但我们想与别人一起,尽我们所能去做pareAto/withB意为“把A和B作比较”,为固定搭配故填to/with10.but 考查连词句意见上一题解析根据句意,此处应为转折关系,故填butⅡ.短文改错Imahugebookloverbutlikesharingmyloveforbooks!SoIvebeenboughtbooksconstantly.FinishingreadingonebookIplaceditinoraroundmyschoolsothatsomeofmyschoolmatecantreatthemselvestothebook.Iespeciallikeplacingitonastonetableinthelittlegardeninthatstudentsmighthavetimetotakearest.IwasdelightedanotherdaywhenIsawacardleftonthetabletosaythanks.AndfromthecardIknewmybookturnedoutoftobeabirthdaygiftforastrangegirl.Itwassolovelyfindoutthatmybookcouldbringanyonepleasure!答案第一句but→and第二句bought→buying第三句placed→place;schoolmate→schoolmates第四句especial→especially;that→which第五句an→the第六句去掉of第七句find前加to;anyone→someone/somebody。