还剩5页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
单元检测
(四十七)TheConquestoftheUniverseⅠ.阅读理解AStephenHawkingWarnsHumansMustLeaveEarthSoonProfessorStephenHawkingrecentlycameoutwithaseriouswarningforpeople.WhileattheStarmusFestivalafestivalinTrondheimNorwaycelebratingscienceandtheartsHawkingwarnedpeoplethatthehumanraceisinseriousdanger.HawkingcriticizedPresidentDonaldTrumpfordenyingclimatechange.Thenthephysicistwarnedtheaudience“IamnotdenyingtheimportanceoffightingclimatechangeandglobalwarmingunlikeDonaldTrumpwhomayjusthavetakenthemostseriousandwrongdecisiononclimatechangethisworldhasseen.”HawkingproposedthattheleadingcountriesshouldsendastronautstotheMoonbefore2020torestartamovementofmoreexplorationinspace.TheBBCreportedthatHawkingsuggestedthatwe“buildalunarbasein30yearstimeandsendpeopletoMarsby2025”.AccordingtotheBBCProfessorHawkingsaid“Spreadingoutintospacewillpletelychangethefutureofhumanity.”Hecontinued“Ihopeitwouldunitepetitivenationsinasinglegoaltofacethemonchallengeforusall.”Thephysicistsharedmoreideastomotivatetheyoungergenerationtocontinueexploringspace.Hawkingstated“Anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeopleandstimulateinterestinotherareassuchasastrophysics天体物理学andcosmology宇宙学.”Hawkingalsorevealedhisvisionofotherformsofenergythatcouldmoveustoanewplanet.Hewarnedtheaudience“TheEarthisunderthreatfromsomanyareasthatitisdifficultformetobepositive.”Hecontinued“Ournaturalresourcesarebeingdrainedatanalarmingrate.Wehavegivenourplanetthedisastrousgiftsofclimatechangerisingtemperaturesreductionofthepolaricecapsdeforestation滥伐森林anddecimation大批杀死ofanimalspecies.Wecanbeanignorantandunthinking考虑不周的lot.”Theprofessorwarnedtheaudiencethatdoingnothingwouldleadnowhere.Hesaid“Ifwesucceedwewillsendaprobe航天探测器toAlphaCentauriwithinthelifetimeofsomeofyoualivetoday.Itisclearthatweareenteringanewspaceage.Wearestandingatthethreshold开端ofanewera.Humancolonizationandmovingtootherplanetsisnolongersciencefictionanditcanbesciencefact.”Hawkingadvisedtheaudiencetomovetootherworldsbecausewearerunningoutofspace.语篇解读文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点,阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因1.AccordingtoHawkingwhatisthefirststepforhumanstospreadoutintospaceA.TosendpeopletoMars.B.Tobuildalunarbase.C.TosendastronautstotheMoon.D.Tochangethefutureofhumanity.解析选C 细节理解题由文章第三段的第一句可知,人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索,故选C项2.Theunderlinedword“drained”inParagraph5canbereplacedby“________”.A.speededup B.storedC.usedupD.explored解析选C 词义猜测题由该词前面的“naturalresources”和后面的“atanalarmingrate”可以推断出,drain在这里是“用完,耗尽”的意思,故选C项3.WhatisHawkingsattitudetowardstheEarthsfutureA.Pessimistic.B.Confused.C.Positive.D.Indifferent.解析选A 观点态度题由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出,霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度,这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因,故选A项4.ThereasonwhyhumansmustleavetheEarthsoonisthat________.A.theEarthisunderthreatandthehumanraceisinseriousdangerB.humanshavefoundotherformsofenergytomovetoanewplanetC.anewandambitiousspaceprogramwouldexciteyoungpeopleD.astronautshavefoundabetterworldinspacethantheEarth解析选A 细节理解题由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知,人类必须离开地球的原因是人类处于危险之中,地球受到威胁,故选A项B“WhenIwasachildspacewasallIdreamtandtalkedabout.Myparentsthoughtitwasjustaphase阶段butasIgrewupIbecamegreatlyinterestedinscience.IneverdoubtedthatonedayIdbeanastronaut.”AsanadultAnoushehAnsarileftherhomecountryIransettledintheUSAandstartedapany.Thepanywassosuccessfulthatshewasfinallyabletosellitfor$750million.“ThefirstthingthatcrossedmymindwasthatmylifesgoalmightnowbewithinreachandIsigneduptobeethefirstfemaleprivatespaceexploreratacostofaround$20million.”AnoushehsetoffonSeptember18thalongwithtwoastronauts.Onthespacestationeachmemberofaspacecrew全体机组人员touristornotisexpectedtocarryoutimportantexperimentsonboard.ForAnoushehthismeantworkingonlowerbackpainsinastronautsandstudyingtinylifeformsthatcancarrydiseasesonboardthestation.Manypeoplemighthaveconsideredthis“workingholiday”badbutAnoushehlovedit.Anoushehfacedmanydifficultiesonboard.Towashherhairforexampleshehadtoputwateroverherhead;howeverlittlebitsofwaterwouldfloataway.“Theguyslikedtomakefunofme.TheydaskmetopassthebreadandwhenIhandedittothemratherthanfloatingittheydsayIdtakenallthefunoutofit.AfterawhileIgotusedtoallthisthoughandIfeltsoathomethatintheenditwashardtogobacktonormality.”Anoushehisproudtobethefirstfemalespacetouristandwantstoencouragewomenallovertheworld.Howevershedoesntlikethetitle“spacetourist”.“IthinkifmyexperienceistobeparedtoanexperimentoranexperienceonEarthitisprobablyclosertoanadventuretoAntarcticaorclimbingMountEverest,”sheexplains.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了首位女太空游客阿努什·安萨里的相关故事5.AsAnoushehwasgrowingup________.A.shedidntthinkshewouldeverbeeanastronautB.herinterestinspacewasntexpectedtolastC.shedisagreedwithherparentsplansD.otherstriedtodiscourageherdreams解析选B 推理判断题根据第一段中的“WhenIwasachild...greatlyinterestedinscience.”可推测,阿努什·安萨里对于太空的热爱在父母看来只是一时头脑发热,不会持续太长时间6.Thespacecrewmembers________.A.oftencarrydiseasesontothespacestationB.cansufferachesandpainsC.musthaveastrongbackgroundinscienceD.havelittletimetorelax解析选B 细节理解题根据第二段中的“workingonlowerbackpainsinastronauts”可知,太空机组成员可能遭受疼痛之苦7.Onthespacestation________.A.AnoushehdidalotofpracticeonbreadB.itseemedimpossibleforAnoushehtowashwithwaterC.AnoushehlikedplayinggameswiththeotherastronautsD.ittookAnoushehsometimetogetfamiliarwiththeconditions解析选D 细节理解题根据第三段中的“AfterawhileIgotusedtoallthisthoughandIfeltsoathomethatintheenditwashardtogobacktonormality.”可知,阿努什·安萨里在太空站慢慢适应了那里的环境8.InAnoushehsopinionherexperienceasaspacetourist________.A.willgiveotherwomenthecouragetoexplorespaceB.cannotbeparedtoanyexperienceonEarthC.turnedouttobeadangerousexperimentD.wasnotasgoodasshehoped解析选A 推理判断题根据最后一段中的“Anoushehisproudtobethefirstfemalespacetouristandwantstoencouragewomenallovertheworld.”可知,阿努什·安萨里想借自己的太空旅行鼓励更多的女性去太空探索Ⅱ.完形填空Thewellknownwarning“Donttalktostrangers,”hasitsvaluewhenyoureyoung.Howeveranexperimentshowshowsurprisinggoingagainstsucha__1__canresultinalovelylifelesson.TheteamatKovertDesignsatechnologypanyrecentlysetouttoaskthequestion“Whenwasthelasttimeyou__2__lookedintoastrangerseyes?”Theywantedtorevealthebeautiful__3__thatcanbecreatedwhenyou__4__todoso.Aspartofthe__5__,theyaskedeightstrangerstopairoffinto__6__couplesandstandacrossfromoneanother—atfirstwiththeireyes__7__.“Iwasfeelingalittlebit__8__aboutwhatIwouldseewhenIopenedmyeyesbecauseIwasnt__9__whatwasgoingtohappen,”oneparticipantsays.Whenaskedtoopentheireyesthepairsstaredateachother__10__,althoughthoughtsandfeelingsaroseintheirminds.Eachparticipantlater__11__theirfirstimpressionshesitationsandthoughtfulquestionsabouttheirpartnersinoneononeinterviews.Someoftheir__12__exposehowthisnewconnectioncanactuallyteachusquitealotabout__13__.“Ithink__14__youletdownallthepretensesandyourego自我dropsawayyou__15__yourownvulnerability脆弱性yourownhigherselfandothergoodqualities,”saysoneparticipant.“Andthenyousee__16__inotherpeopleaswell.Yourenot__17__anymoreandyourenotrunningfromstrangersanymore.”Sometimesthe__18__oftheseinteractions互动arewellworththeinitialanxietyand__19__theycreate.Andatleastinthesecircumstancestheyarentnearlyas__20__asourparentsoncemadethemouttobe.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文一项实验表明,陌生人之间对视会产生意想不到的结果,不仅会让我们更加了解自己,还能发现对方的善1.A.rumorB.ruleC.decisionD.description解析选B “不要跟陌生人说话”是父母教给我们的“准则rule”2.A.onlyB.perfectlyC.firstD.really解析选D KovertDesigns的一个团队问人们你们最后一次“真正地really”看一个陌生人的眼睛是在什么时候?3.A.devotionB.appearanceC.connectionD.moment解析选C 根据第五段中的“exposehowthisnewconnection”可知C项符合题意4.A.tryB.hopeC.chooseD.agree解析选C 这个实验想揭示当人们“选择choose”看陌生人的眼睛时会产生的变化5.A.experimentB.planC.designD.creation解析选A 根据第一段中的“anexperiment”可知A项符合题意6.A.twoB.fourC.sixD.eight解析选B 八个陌生人两两配对,自然会产生“四four”组7.A.closedB.openC.lookingaheadD.lookingdown解析选A 根据后面两段中的“openedmyeyes”和“toopentheireyes”可知,一开始这些人的眼睛都是“闭着的closed”8.A.excitedB.anxiousC.inspiredD.puzzled解析选B 根据最后一段中的“theinitialanxiety”可知B项符合题意9.A.preparedforB.angryaboutC.disappointedatD.curiousabout解析选A 人们因为还没“准备好preparedfor”面对接下来发生的事情而感到有些焦虑10.A.byaccidentB.insilenceC.bymistakeD.insecret解析选B 根据本空后的“althoughthoughtsandfeelingsaroseintheirminds”可知,尽管人们脑中思绪万千,但是他们都“静悄悄地insilence”看着对方,谁也没有出声11.A.discoveredB.rememberedC.revealedD.understood解析选C 根据本句中的“oneononeinterviews”可知,在一对一的采访环境中,人们比较容易“吐露revealed”刚刚心中的想法12.A.suggestionsB.warningsC.predictionsD.ments解析选D 上句中的“theirfirstimpressionshesitationsandthoughtfulquestions”都是一些“评论解释ments”13.A.ourselvesB.themselvesC.yourselfD.itself解析选A 下段中的“yourownvulnerability脆弱性yourownhigherselfandothergoodqualities”都是我们对“我们自己ourselves”的了解14.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.though解析选A “当when”我们去除伪装、放下自我时,我们会“认识到recognize”自己的脆弱、更高层次的自己和其他好的品质15.A.expressB.preserveC.expectD.recognize解析选D 参见上题解析16.A.encouragementB.goodnessC.improvementD.happiness解析选B 根据“aswell”可知,我们也会发现别人的“善goodness”,所以我们不再“害怕frightened”陌生人17.A.lonelyB.frightenedC.sorryD.ashamed解析选B 参见上题解析18.A.reasonsB.purposesC.outesD.examples解析选C 上段中的“不再害怕陌生人”就是这些互动的“结果outes”19.A.bitternessB.sorrowC.disadvantageD.disfort解析选D 根据本空前的anxiety可知,跟陌生人对视时,刚开始会感到焦虑和“不舒服disfort”20.A.dangerousB.necessaryC.boringD.convenient解析选A 在本文所说的情况下,跟陌生人对视不像我们父母说的那样“危险dangerous”makesb.outtobe是习惯搭配,意思是“声称”。