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Unit4 Wildlifeprotection【短文语法填空】RecentmonthshaveseenareturnofbikesacrossChina.Withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadof
1.drivetoschoolstoworkplacesortodosightseeingtheintroductionofbikesharingprogramshasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Thebikes
2.equipwithGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovide
3.effectivesolutioninplaces
4.it’sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother.Bikesharingisa
5.greenmethodoftransportationand
6.provideamorefriendlyexperience.Howevertheprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchas
7.legalparkingdeliberate蓄意的damageandtheft.Todealwiththeseproblemsthepanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeople
8.returnthebikestostations
9.rewardingfreetimefortheirnextrides.NowChineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblemstoo.ForexampleMobikesetsa100pointcreditscoreforeachuserwith
10.pointtakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80thebikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutesupfrom
0.5-1yuan.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了共享单车在国内的兴起和发展情况共享单车受到了大众的欢迎,但是也带来了很多问题为了解决这些问题,经营共享单车的公司也采取了一些措施1.driving 解析考查非谓语动词越来越多的人选择骑自行车而不是开车到学校、工作场所或去观光根据空前的介词of可知,空处应用动词ing形式,故用driving2.areequipped 解析考查动词的时态和语态这些自行车装配了GPS,可以被停在公共场合的任何地方留给下一个用户此处是客观性描述,且Thebikes和equip之间是被动关系,故填areequipped3.an 解析考查冠词该处指“一种有效的解决方法”,表示泛指;effective的发音以元音音素开头,故填an4.where 解析考查定语从句它们受到许多中国人的欢迎,因为它们在难以从一种交通工具转变到另一种交通工具的地方提供了一种有效的解决办法分析该句结构可知,该句为定语从句,句中places为先行词,关系词在从句中作地点状语,故用where引导该定语从句5.greener 解析考查形容词的比较级共享单车是一种更绿色的交通方式根据本句中的“morefriendly”可知,本空应用比较级形式与之构成并列关系故填greener6.provides 解析考查主谓一致分析句子结构可知,主语是Bikesharing,且由本句中的“is”可知,空处应用动词provide的单数形式,故填provides7.illegal 解析考查形容词根据语境可知,此处指非法停车故填illegal,意为“非法的”8.toreturn 解析考查非谓语动词encouragesb.todosth.为固定搭配,意为“鼓励某人做某事”故填toreturn9.by 解析考查介词为了解决这些问题,公司提出了一种想法,通过奖励人们下一次免费骑车的时间,鼓励他们将自行车送回车站根据语境可知,空处应用by表示方式10.points 解析考查名词复数摩拜公司为每个用户设置了100分的信用评分,如有不良行为就减分point在此处为可数名词,且其前没有限定词修饰,故填pointsmercyn.仁慈;宽恕;怜悯1ask/begformercy请求宽恕showmercytosb.=have/takemercyonsb.怜悯/同情/宽恕某人2withmercy仁慈地withoutmercy残忍地;毫不留情地atthemercyof任由……摆布Itisamercythat...真是万幸……
①教材原句Farmershunteduswithoutmercy.农民们毫不留情地捕杀我们
②Heissuchamercifulmercymanasalwayshasmercyonthosehomelessanimals,whichareusuallyatthemercyofthecoldnessandthestorm.Butsometimeshecanshownomercytothosehedoesn’tlike.他是一个宽容的人,总是怜悯那些任由寒冷和暴风雨摆布的无家可归的动物但是有时对那些他不喜欢的人与物,他一点也不会怜悯affectvt.影响;感动;疾病侵袭1begreatly/deeplyaffectedby被……深深打动beaffectedwithhighfever发高烧2effectn.作用;影响haveaneffecton对……产生影响beofnoeffect无效eintoeffect生效;实行takeeffect生效;起作用
①教材原句Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes.它含有一种强效药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬
②2016·浙江卷Itisimportanttopayyourelectricitybillontime,aslatepaymentsmayaffectyourcredit.准时付电费很重要,因为付晚了会影响你的信用
③Evenbelowthedrinkdrivinglimit,drivingwill_be_affectedwillaffect.即使低于酒驾限度,驾驶也将受影响
④单句语法填空2017·天津卷WhenIwas50myweightproblembeganto_affectaffectmeseriously.succeedvi.成功;继承vt.接替;继任1succeedindoingsth.成功地做某事succeedtosth.继承……succeedsb.as接替某人成为……2successfuladj.成功的besuccessfulindoingsth.成功地做某事3successn.[U]成功;成就;[C]成功的人或事物
①教材原句Whatmustbedoneifwildlifeprotectionistosucceed如果野生动物保护计划要想成功的话必须要做什么?
②2016·天津卷Humanbeings,Ibelieve,musttryto_succeedsucceed.我相信人类一定会尽力成功
③Aftersucceedingsucceedtohisfather’spanyaspresidentofitsuccessfullysuccess,hesucceededsucceedinmakingthepanymoresuccessfulsuccessinitsfield,whichhelpedtomakehimasuccesssucceedinturn.在他成功地继承了父亲的公司并成为公司总裁之后,他使公司在它所在的领域里获得了更大的成功,反过来,公司的成功也成就了他的成功人士的地位【七选五】HowtoruninternationalmeetingsAsmoreofusdobusinessacrosscultures,itsbesttoprepareaheadoftimebeforeheadingtothemeetingtable.Herearefourrulesfordifferentcountries.SticktothescheduleWhere Germany,Austria,JapanWeveallbeentomeetingsthathavealooseagenda,ifanyatall.Theydontstartontimeandtheyseemtorepeat.1Japanesearemorelikelytocreateadetailedagendaandpassoutsupportingdocumentsseveraldaysbeforeameeting.2MeetingsthatrunlonginGermanyareoftentakentomeanthatthepartiesarenotmunicatingefficiently.3Where China,Malaysia,SingaporeDebatingatopiccangoagainstthetraditionalChineseconceptof“savingface”,whichmeansavoidinganymistakesoractionsthatcouldbringembarrassment.Laughingatevenanobviouslyamusinganswerorpointingoutapotentialmistakecanspoiltheentiremeeting.EnjoytheinterruptionsWhere Italy,France,SpainWhenPascalSobollmeetswithclientsinItalyorSpain,hesnolongeroffendediftheyleaveearlyorarrivelate.Ratherthanattendtheentirethreehourmeeting,hehaslearnedthathiscolleaguesthere—andinsomepartsofFrance—attendbasedontheirowntimetable.4Ratherthanexpectpeopletositthroughhisentirepresentation,hemakesiteasierforthemtoturnupasneeded.Please,nosmalltalkWhere Finland,SwedenInplaceslikeFinlandandSweden,wherenonmeetingrelateddiscussionslikechatabouttheweathercanberegardedasawaytobeoffaformallysetagendaandasawasteofotherpeoplestime.Insomecountries,includingFinland,therearelongpausesintheconversation.5Thesebreaksareusedasawaytoprocesswhattheotherpersonissayingwithoutinterrupting.A.Notsointhesecountries.B.GermansandAustriansaresimilar.C.Donteventhinkaboutabrainstorm.D.Theresoftennowaytotellhowthingsaregoing.E.Donttrytofillthem,though,withsmalltalkoranythingelse.F.Whatdothelongsilences,idlechitchatandseriousfacesreallymeanincontextG.ForSoboll,thatmeanschanginghisownGermanbasedexpectationsofclientbehaviour.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文主要介绍了在不同国家如何成功地召开会议1.A [空处前两句介绍了常见的会议情况时间安排松散,开会不准时,总是重复;结合空后的“Japanesearemorelikelytocreateadetailedagendaandpassoutsupportingdocumentsseveraldaysbeforeameeting.”可知,日本人注意会议的细节,并在数天前就做好准备据此可以判断,空处承上启下,说明并非所有的国家在开会时都会出现上述的情况时间安排松散,开会不准时,总是重复故A项正确]2.B [根据该部分中的“where Germany,Austria,Japan”可知,该部分主要介绍德国、奥地利和日本的开会习惯;空前一句已经介绍了日本的情况,结合空后一句“MeetingsthatrunlonginGermanyareoften...efficiently.”可知,空处及下一句介绍德国和奥地利的开会习惯,故B项正确]3.C [根据空处位置可知,空处为该部分标题,是该部分的主旨;通读该部分可知,该部分第一句介绍了在中国开会应当认真讨论,以防发生尴尬,第二句介绍在开会时不要嘲笑有趣的答案或指出潜在的错误;据此可知,该部分主要介绍要严肃认真地讨论会议议题,就事论事,不需要在开会前有什么“头脑风暴”,故C项正确]4.G [根据上文中的“WhenPascalSoboll...”和“Ratherthan...attendbasedontheirowntimetable.”以及空后一句可知,意大利人、法国人和西班牙人开会很随意,G项中的“Soboll”与该处相对应,故G项正确]5.E [根据该部分标题“Please,nosmalltalk”和空前的“therearelongpausesintheconversation”可知,选E项,E项中的“them”与“longpauses”对应]dieout灭亡;逐渐消失1dieaway声音;光线等逐渐消失dieof/from因……而死diedown减弱;平息dieoff相继死亡2bedyingfor很想要;渴望bedyingtodosth.极想干某事
①教材原句Asaresulttheseendangeredanimalsmayevendieout.结果,这些濒危动物甚至可能会灭亡
②Thesoundoftheirlaughterdiedaway.他们的笑声渐渐远去了
③Afterwalkinginthedesertforsuchalongtime,hewas_dyingdieforadrink.在沙漠里走了很长时间,他非常想喝水eintobeing出现;形成;产生eintoeffect/force/operation开始生效/执行/实施eintouse开始使用eintosight/view看得见eintopower当权eintoaction开始行动eintooffice就职
①教材原句Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeingandtheirfutureseemedsecureatthattime.它们生活在千百万年前的地球上,比人类诞生早得多,而且那时它们的未来看似很安全
②AnewsystemoftaxationwilleintoeffectnextMay.新税制将在明年五月开始实行
③Thismethodhaseintowideuseinthisarea.这种方法在这一地区已被广泛使用eintobeing为不及物动词短语,无被动形式,也不用于进行时态payattentionto注意;留意1giveone’sattentionto关注;注意catch/attract/drawone’sattentionto...吸引某人对……的注意fix/focus/concentrateone’sattentionon...将某人的注意力集中于……turnone’sattentionto...将某人的注意力转向……devoteone’sattentionto...专心致志于……2短语中to为介词的固定搭配applytodoingsth.适用于做某事objecttodoingsth.反对做某事seetodoingsth.负责做某事sticktodoingsth.坚持做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事bedevotedtodoingsth.致力于献身于做某事getdowntodoingsth.开始认真地做某事contributetodoingsth.促成做某事
①教材原句YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether.你应该多关注我居住的雨林并欣赏一下动物们是如何在一起生活的
②2016·全国卷ⅠButthisisthefirsttimethatIhavewrittenanapplicationandthepersonalresume,soIdon’tevenknowiftherearesomethingto_paypayattentionto.但这是我第一次写申请和个人简历,因此甚至我还不知道有哪些要注意的事情
③Theconferencemayhelpto_fixfixattentionontheeconomy.此次会议可能有助于将关注焦点放在经济上
④Besuretopayattentiontoprotectingprotecttheenvironmentandthinkofotherswhiletraveling.外出旅游时务必注意保护环境,为他人着想【短文改错】DearLisa,ImgladtoreceiveyourletteraskedaboutthepresentholidaylifeofChinesestudents.Learningtogetherwithentertainmentstilltakeupmostofourtime.Besides,weoftenhelpourparentswiththehouseworkorfarmwork,thatmakesusrealizehowhardweworkeverydayanddevelopagreatloveforwork.Meanwhile,wetakeactivepartinsocialactivities,suchasvoluntarywork.Wewentouttothestreetstocollectrubbishesortothehospitalstocheerupthesickchildren.Wetryourbesttohelpthosewhoareinneedormakeourhometownalotofmorebeautiful.Wefindgreatlypleasureintheseactivities.Yours,LiMing【答案】 DearLisa,ImgladtoreceiveyourletteraboutthepresentholidaylifeofChinesestudents.Learningtogetherwithentertainmentstillupmostofourtime.Besides,weoftenhelpourparentswiththehouseworkorfarmwork,makesusrealizehowhardworkeverydayanddevelopagreatloveforwork.Meanwhile,wetakeactivepartinsocialactivities,suchasvoluntarywork.Weouttothestreetstocollectortothehospitalstocheerupthesickchildren.Wetryourbesttohelpthosewhoareinneedmakeourhometownalotmorebeautiful.Wefindpleasureintheseactivities.Yours,LiMing第一处asked→asking考查非谓语动词我很高兴收到你询问中国学生目前的假日生活的来信ask和其逻辑主语letter之间是主动关系,故应用现在分词作定语第二处take→takes考查主谓一致学习和娱乐仍然占据了我们大部分的时间此处是togetherwith连接的名词在句中作主语,谓语动词应与句子原来的主语Learning保持一致,即应用第三人称单数,故改为takes第三处that→which考查定语从句此外,我们经常帮助我们的父母做家务或者干农活,这使我们意识到他们每天工作得多努力分析句子结构可知,空处在此引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的整个句子,故用which注意that不能引导非限制性定语从句第四处we→they考查代词根据语境可知,此处指代的是上文中的“ourparents”,故应用they第五处在active前加an考查冠词同时,我们积极参加社会活动,比如志愿工作takeanactivepartin为习惯用法,表示“积极参加……”第六处went→go考查时态我们去街上收集垃圾或者去医院安慰生病的孩子们全文的基本时态是一般现在时,故此处应用一般现在时第七处rubbishes→rubbish考查名词rubbish表示“垃圾”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故改为rubbish第八处or→and考查连词由语境可知,此处表示并列的顺承关系,故用and表示“和,与”or表示选择关系,意为“或,或者”第九处去掉of考查固定搭配此处指使我们的家乡变得更加美丽根据句中的“more”可知,此处修饰比较级,故应用alotalotof表示“许多”,修饰名词第十处greatly→great考查副词在这些活动中,我们发现了极大的乐趣此处修饰名词pleasure,故应用形容词There_weremanydifferentkindsofdinosaursandanumberofthemusedtoliveinChina.过去有许多种类的恐龙并且为数很多的恐龙曾经生活在中国therebe句型表示“某处有某人、某物或某事”1常见的therebe变化结构如下2句型Therebe+n.+v.ing/v.ed中,v.ing,v.ed作主语补足语如果名词与后面的分词存在主动关系,用v.ing形式,如果是被动关系,则用v.ed形式
①Thereseemsto_bebeabankaroundhere.附近好像有一家银行
②Therehappenedhappentobenobodyintheroom.恰巧房间里没人
③Therearefewpeopledescribeddescribeasgeniuses.很少有能称得上天才的人【阅读理解】ThepopularTVprogramReadershaspromptedmorepeopleinChinatopracticereadingaloudinbooths小间setupinbigcitiesacrossthecountry.AsthelatestTVshowtohelppeoplesloveforliteraturerecovertheCCTVprogramReadersinvitespeoplefromallwalksoflifetoreadaloudtheirfavoritepoemsessaysandbooksorevenpersonalletterstheywrotetotheirlovedones.Justastheweeklyshowhasbeenwellreceiveditsreadingboothsequippedwithprofessionalrecordingdevicesandcamerashavebeeinstanthits.Acrowdofmorethan200peoplewerepicturedliningupoutsidetheShanghaiLibraryat11amonMarch4—thefirstdayoftheboothsopeningtothepublicinShanghai.Thedeadlineforregistrationswasbroughtforwardto2pminsteadofthescheduled530pmasthenumberofwaitingreaderscontinuedtogrow.Somewaitedmorethanninehoursforatryoutintheboothaccordingtolibrarymanagement.“Thereisanoldphotointhelate1970scapturingpeopleliningupoutsidetheShanghaiLibrarybeforeitopens.IfthatwasaspringofreadinginShanghainowIthinkanotherspringhasarrivedagain,”librarymanagerZhouDemingtoldThePaper.Thereadingboothistheonlyoneofitskindinthecityofeconomiccenteratthemomentbutmoreareexpectedtobeputintouseintheingmonthsaccordingtothelibraryswebsite.TheprogramhasalsoledtoboothsinothercitiesincludingBeijingHangzhouGuangzhouandXiantoappealtomorepeopletoreadandsharetheirlifestories.WiththerecentboomofculturethemedTVshowssuchasReadersandChinesePoetryCongresssomeareoptimisticthatthiswillhelpthecountryloveliteratureandreadingagainingeneral.【文章大意】 随着CCTV的《朗读者》节目受到人们的欢迎,全国范围开始刮起了“读书风”各大城市纷纷建立“朗读亭”,人们阅读的热情也越来越高
1.TheCCTVprogramReadersaimsto________.A.teachpeoplewhattoreadB.attractpeoplesattentiontoCCTVC.invitepeopletoreadaloudintheboothD.arousepeoplesenthusiasmforreading答案与解析D 考查细节理解根据文章第二段第一句“AsthelatestTVshow...lovedones.”可知,《朗读者》旨在帮助人们重燃对文学的热情,故D项正确2.WecanlearnfromParagraph3that________.A.somepeoplewaitedforalongtimetoreadintheboothB.March4wasthefirstdayoftheopeningofShanghaiLibraryC.onMarch4200peoplereadintheboothD.thetimeforregistrationswaslengthenedforthreeandahalfhours答案与解析A考查细节理解根据第三段最后一句“Somewaitedmorethanninehoursforatryoutintheboothaccordingtolibrarymanagement.”可知,有些人为了能在“朗读亭”里朗读,等了九个多小时故A项正确根据第三段第一句“Acrowdofmorethan200peoplewerepicturedliningupoutsidetheShanghaiLibraryat11amonMarch4—thefirstdayoftheboothsopeningtothepublicinShanghai.”可知,三月四日是“朗读亭”在上海图书馆开放的第一天,有200多人在上海图书馆外等候,而不是200人在“朗读亭”朗读,故B、C项错误;根据第三段第二句可知,注册时间缩短了三个半小时,故D项错误3.Thepassagemainlytellsthat________.A.manypeoplelineuptoreadaloudinreadingboothsB.morereadingboothswillbesetupinthefutureC.ReadershasbeepopularalloverChinaD.Readershasinspiredmorepeopletoreadaloudinreadingbooths答案与解析D考查主旨大意通读文章可知,本文主要介绍了随着电视节目《朗读者》的流行,“朗读亭”也逐渐兴起,人们的阅读热情得到了极大的激发,故D项正确。