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Unit4 Globalwarming
一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体,提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇英译汉[第一屏听写]1.graphn. 图表;坐标图;曲线图2.renewableadj.能再生的;可更新的3.phenomenon复数enan.现象4.fueln.燃料5.byproductn.副产品 [第二屏听写]6.perprep. 每;每一7.catastrophen.大灾难;浩劫8.droughtn.旱灾;干旱9.individualn.个人;个体adj.单独的;个别的10.cann.容器;罐头 [第三屏听写]11.microwaven. 微波炉;微波12.presentationn.显示;演出13.nuclearadj.核的;核能的;原子核的14.mitmentn.承诺;交托;信奉15.motorn.发动机16.outeradj.外部的;外面的 Ⅱ.高频词汇汉译英[第四屏听写]1.greenhousen. 温室;花房2.quantityn.量;数量3.tendvi.趋向;易于;照顾vt.照顾;护理4.datan.资料;数据5.trendn.趋势;倾向;走向6.consumevt.消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完 [第五屏听写]7.subscribevi. 同意;捐赠;订阅vt.签署文件;捐助8.opposevt.反对;反抗;与某人较量9.opposedadj.反对的;对立的10.mildadj.温和的;温柔的;淡的11.environmentaladj.环境的12.floodn.洪水;水灾 [第六屏听写]13.consequencen. 结果;后果;影响14.statevt.陈述;说明15.rangen.种类;范围16.glancevi.看一下;扫视n.一瞥17.steadyadj.平稳的;持续的;稳固的18.steadilyadv.平稳地;持续地 [第七屏听写]19.tendencyn. 倾向;趋势20.widespreadadj.分布广的;普遍的21.economicaladj.节约的;经济的22.averageadj.平均的23.existencen.生存;存在24.advocatevt.拥护;提倡;主张25.pollutionn.污染;弄脏 [第八屏听写]26.growthn. 增长;生长27.electricaladj.电的;与电有关的28.casualadj.随便的;漫不经心的;偶然的29.circumstancen.环境;情况30.refreshvt.使恢复;使振作31.educatorn.教育工作者;教育家32.contributionn.贡献 [第九屏听写]33.disagreementn. 分歧;不一致34.randomadj.胡乱的;任意的35.quantities_of大量的36.even_if即使37.keep_on继续38.so_long_as只要39.e_about发生;造成 [第十屏听写]40.go_up 上升;增长;升起41.subscribe_to同意;赞成;订购42.be_opposed_to反对……43.result_in导致44.on_the_whole大体上;基本上45.on_behalf_of代表……一方;作为……的代言人46.put_up_with忍受;容忍47.and_so_on等等
二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境,单元考点自测回顾一分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意英译汉
1.graphn.图表;坐标图;曲线图
2.renewableadj.能再生的;可更新的
3.phenomenonn.现象
4.fueln.燃料
5.byproductn.副产品
6.catastrophen.大灾难;浩劫
7.droughtn.旱灾;干旱
8.mitmentn.承诺;交托;信奉
9.motorn.发动机
10.microwaven.微波炉;微波
11.presentationn. 显示;演出
12.nuclearadj.核的;核能的;原子核的Ⅱ.写其形汉译英
1.greenhousen.温室;花房
2.datan.资料;数据
3.trendn.趋势;倾向;走向
4.floodn.洪水;水灾
5.mildadj.温和的;温柔的;淡的
6.randomadj.胡乱的;任意的
7.casualadj.随便的;漫不经心的;偶然的核心单词练通
1.Asthechartsshows,thequantity数量ofthegroundwaterinourcountryisnotsatisfying.
2.Inadditiontothesetraditionalactivitieswehaveawiderrange范围ofchoicessuchastravellingandvisitingourrelativesorfriends.
3.Thetwopictureslooksosimilaratoneglance一瞥buttheyaretotallydifferent.
4.Thereisanwidespread普遍的concernovertheissuewhetherstudentsshouldmakefriendsonline.
5.Theaverage平均的temperaturerangesbetween23℃and39℃and51%oftheislandiscoveredwithforests.
6.Thepeoplewhocannotquitsmokingmayeasilybeaffectedbyhiscircumstance情况andsurroundings.
7.Istronglyadvocate主张thatweshouldmakejointeffortstocontributetotheyouthfootballprogress.
8.Acooldrinkrefreshed使恢复meaftermylongwalk.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]
1.consumevt.消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完→consumern.顾客
2.subscribevi.同意;捐赠;订阅vt.签署文件;捐助→subscriptionn.同意;捐赠;订阅;签署
3.tendvi.趋向;易于;照顾vt.照顾;护理→tendencyn.倾向;趋势
4.opposevt.反对;反抗;与某人较量→opposedadj.反对的;对立的
5.consequencen.结果;后果;影响→consequentadj.随之发生的;作为结果的→consequentlyadv.因此;所以
6.statevt.陈述;说明→statementn.说明;说法;表白
7.steadyadj.平稳的;持续的;稳固的→steadilyadv.平稳地;持续地
8.economicaladj.节约的;经济的→economicadj.经济的→economyn.经济;节约
9.existencen.生存;存在→existvi.存在→existingadj.目前的;现在的
10.pollutionn.污染;弄脏→pollutevt.污染→pollutedadj.被污染的
11.growthn.增长;生长→growv.种植;生长;发展
12.electricaladj.电的;与电有关的→electricityn.电;电力→electricadj.电的;电动的→electronicn.电子的
13.educatorn.教育工作者;教育家→educatev.教育;培养→educationn.教育;培养
14.contributionn.贡献;捐助→contributev.贡献;撰稿;捐助;捐赠
15.environmentaladj.环境的→environmentn.环境
16.disagreementn.分歧;不一致→disagreev.不同意→agreev.同意;赞成→agreementn.同意;赞成;一致[用准用活]
1.Withthesubscriptionfromthekindheartedpeopletheteachersubscribedtosomenewspapersforthepoorchildreninthemountainarea.subscribe
2.Oneoftheworstconsequencesofsmokingforalongtimeisthatyoumaysufferlungcancer.Consequently_youandyourfamilywillsufferalot.consequent
3.Thankstotheriverchiefsystemthelocalrivers’pollutionhasbeenstoppedandyoucannotseeanypollutedwaterinthiscity.pollute
4.Itwasstatedthatthepresidentmadeastatementannouncingnewpoliciestodealwiththenewsituation.state
5.Theyhavecontributedalotoffoodandclothingtotherefugeessofarandtheircontributionswillcertainlyhelptherefugeeslivethroughthewinter.contribute
6.Manypeopledonotbelievetheexistenceoftheghostsbutmanyyoungchildrenbelievethereexistsallkindsofghostsintheworld.Howtosolvethisexistingproblemexist
7.Thestormtendstohitourcityandwewillobservethetendencyofitclosely.tend
8.Theairconditionersofthistypeconsumetoomuchelectricity.Manyconsumersplainaboutthis.consume
9.Withthedeclineoftheglobaleconomy_herfamilyisfacedwithmanyeconomicproblemsoneofwhichiswhethertobuyaneconomicalstovetosurvivethewholewinter.economy⇩
1.特别“不规则”的名词复数小结
①datum→data 数据
②medium→media媒体
③bacterium→bacteria细菌
④criterion→criteria标准
⑤phenomenon→phenomena现象
⑥crisis→crises危机
2.多“灾”多“难”
①flood 洪灾
②drought旱灾
③disaster灾难
④catastrophe大灾难
⑤earthquake地震
⑥tsunami海啸
3.小心触“电”
①electricaladj. 电的;与电有关的
②electricityn.电;电流
③electricadj.电的;电动的
④electronicadj.电子的
⑤electricsn.电路
⑥electriciann.电工;电学家二语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组
1.go_up 上升;增长;升起
2.subscribe_to同意;赞成;订购
3.quantities_of大量的
4.be_opposed_to反对……
5.put_up_with忍受;容忍
6.and_so_on等等ThismorningseveralclassmatesandI
①subscribed_totheideathatwewenttopickuprubbishinthePeople’sPark.Onarrivalwefound
②quantities_ofwasteplasticbagsontheground.Althoughwe
③were_opposed_tolitteringsomevisitorsignoredus.Wecouldn’t
④put_up_withtheirbadbehaviors.第二组
1.even_if 即使
2.result_in导致
3.keep_on继续
4.e_about发生;造成
5.so/as_long_as只要
6.on_the_whole大体上;基本上
7.on_behalf_of代表……一方;作为……的代言人 Wepersuadedthemnottothrowawayrubbishpatientlytheyfinallypromisedusnotto
①keep_ondoingthat.Soyousee
②so/as_long_asweare
③on_behalf_ofthekindnessandrighteousnessthebadphenomenawillnot
④eabout.
⑤Onthewholegoodactions
⑥result_ingoodoutes.Don’tyouthinkso?Whatameaningfuldaywehad! ⇩
1.“动词+upwith”短语集锦
①keepupwith 跟上
②catchupwith跟上
③endupwith以……结束
④eupwith提出
⑤putupwith忍受
⑥befedupwith受够了
2.“be+v.ed+to”短语荟萃
①beopposedto 反对
②beattachedto附属于
③beaccustomedto习惯于
④beaddictedto沉溺于
⑤bedevotedto奉献
⑥besentencedto被判处
3.“引起;造成;导致”短语合集
①leadto 导致;造成
②resultin导致
③contributeto促成;有助于
④giveriseto引起;引发;使发生
⑤bringabout引起;导致三仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写
1.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbeingwarmer...毫无疑问,地球正在变暖……Thereisnodoubtthat...“毫无疑问……”,that引导同位语从句毫无疑问,沿着长江的旅行将是一个更好的选择2017·北京高考书面表达There_is_no_doubt_thatthetripalongtheYangtzeRiverwillbeabetterchoice.
2.Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasestheclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量,在未来几十年或几个世纪内,气候仍会持续转暖evenif/though“即使;尽管”,引导让步状语从句作为学生,我们应该总是讲真话,即使别人可能与我们观点不同Asstudentsweshouldalwaystellthetrutheven_if_others_might_not_agree_with_us.
3.ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnotturnitoff!只要你在使用电器设备,你可以让它开着,如果不用就把它关掉!so/aslongas“只要”,引导条件状语从句你可以写任何相关的东西,只要它有趣、有教育意义就行Youcanwriteanythingrelevantso/as_long_as_it’s_interestingandinformative.考点新组合阅读微技能ProtectingtheenvironmentAccordingtothestatisticsonaverageapersonproducesabout2kilogramsofgarbageperdaywhichisconsideredasoneofthepollutionsourcesresultingin❶theenvironmentpollution.Thegarbagepollutionbringsgreatdifficultiestoourlifeandwecannotputupwithit❷.Inadditionavarietyofpollutionisdamagingourenvironment.Asaconsequenceourhealthisunderthreat.Solet’sworktogethertoopposeanyformofdestructionoftheenvironment.
1.
①处resultingin在意义上相当于leading_to在用法上,这种现在分词短语的形式常放在被修饰词的后面作后置定语2.把
②处短语所在句升级为含定语从句的复合句Thegarbagepollutionwhich_we_cannot_put_up_with_bringsgreatdifficultiestoourlife.1.averageadj.平均的;普通的;正平常的n.平均数;平均水平;一般水准v.平均为;计算出……的平均数[一词多义] 写出下列句中average的词性及含义
①Theaverageageoftheboysinthisclassisfifteen.adj.平均的
②It’ssaidthatthenewspaperofficereceivesanaverageofnearly100articlesaday.n.平均数
③Therewasnothingspecialaboutthefilm—itwasonlyaverage.adj.普通的
④Thehotelaverages50to100foreignguestsdaily.vt.平均为[归纳拓展]onaverage 平均起来abovetheaverage在平均水平以上belowtheaverage在平均水平以下uptotheaverage达到平均水平
⑤Tom’sworkatschoolisabove_the_average_Jim’sbelow_the_averageandJack’sup_to_the_average.汤姆的学习成绩属于中上水平,吉姆的学习成绩属中下水平,杰克的学习成绩属中等水平2.consequencen.结果;后果;影响1asaconsequence 因此;结果asaconsequenceof=inconsequenceof由于……的缘故inconsequence=consequently因此;结果2consequentadj.随之发生的;作为结果的[多角练透]单句语法填空
①Asaconsequenceconsequenttheycan’tconcentrateontheirstudyandtendtobesleepyinclass.
②ConsequentlyconsequentsheunderstooditandbecameinterestedinChinesetraditionalculture.
③ThewarmingoftheEarthandtheconsequentconsequenceclimaticchangesaffectusall.补全句子
④Itisreportedthatthousandsofpeoplelosttheirlivesas_a_consequence_ofthebigforestfiresinCalifornia.据报道,成千上万的人因加州的森林大火而失去了生命3.opposevt.反对;反抗;与某人较量1opposesth./doingsth. 反对做某事opposesb./sb.’sdoingsth.反对某人/某人做某事2opposedadj.反对的;对立的beopposedto反对……;与……对立to为介词[题点全练] 单句语法填空
①Themayorisstronglyopposedtobuildingbuildanewhallwhichmaycostalotofmoney.
②Herparentsareopposedhershegoingabroadalone.
③Howevermanystudentsandparentsopposeseparatingseparatestudentsintoscienceandart.[名师指津] 表示“反对;不赞成”的表达还有disagreewith;disapproveof;beagainst;objectto;holdnegativeattitudestowards等等4.resultin导致resultfrom 由……造成;因……而产生asaresult结果asaresultof由于……的结果选词填空
①As_a_result_Iwaschosenasavolunteerforthe13thNationalGames.2017·天津高考书面表达
②Nowas_a_result_ofaparttimejobIneedn’taskmyparentsformoneyasbefore.
③Theysaylargecrowdsoftouriststothezoowillresult_intrafficjams.
④Misunderstandingsresulting_fromlackofsocialmunicationifnothandledproperlymayleadtoseriousproblems.5.putupwith容忍;忍受[归纳拓展]❶putoff 延期;推迟❷putout熄灭;扑灭❸putup建造;张贴;供给……住宿;举起❹putaside节省;储蓄;把……放在一边❺putaway收起来;放好❻putforward提出建议;把……向前拨[应用领悟]
①AweekbeforeEarthDayposterswereputuparoundourschoolcallinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerearth.2016·北京高考书面表达地球日前一周,校园里就张贴了海报,号召我们为更加绿色的地球一起行动起来
②Inthatcasewewillhavetolearntoputupwithsomeofhisshortingsandtrytodiscoverhisadvantages.那样,我们就不得不学会忍受他的一些缺点并努力试图发现他的优点
③Asuggestionhasbeenputforwardthatweshouldrecyclethetextbooks.有人提出建议,我们应该循环利用教科书考点新组合阅读微技能ProtectingtheenvironmentAsyoucanseeourgovernmenthastakenarange❶ofmeasurestoprotectandimproveourlivingsurroundings.Forexamplealargequantityoflawshasbeenmadetoreducethecarbonemission.Asindividualswhateveresaboutwemustprotectourenvironment.Aslongasitispossiblelivingalowcarbonlifeiswhatwemustdoeveryday.Undernocircumstancesshallwegiveupourbeliefthat❷wecanmakethisworldabetterplace________live❸in.
1.
①处arangeof意为“一系列的”,表达此意的短语还有“a_series_of;_a_variety_of;_a_lot_of;_a_chain_of”等2.
②处的that在句中引导同位语从句3.
③处应填词的正确形式为to_live6.rangen.种类;范围;幅度;界限v.在一定范围内变动;变化;排列1awiderangeof 一系列……within/intherangeof在……范围内beyondone’srange某人能力达不到的2rangefrom...to...在……范围内变动[多角练透]单句语法填空
①Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildliferangingrangefrombutterfliestoelephants.2017·北京高考
②Whendrivingonhighwaysthedrivermustcontrolhisorherspeedwithin/intherangeof60km/hand120km/h.补全句子
③Ihave_a_wide_range_of_hobbies_includingreadingkeepingdiaryplayingballswithfriendsandsoon.我的爱好广泛,包括读书、写日记、与朋友一起打球等等
④Thepriceofthehouseissohighthatitiswellbeyond_our_range.这栋房子的价格太高了,远远超过了我们能承受的范围7.quantityn.量;数量alarge/smallquantityof 大/少量的largequantitiesof大量的[题点全练] 单句语法填空
①Alargequantityofmoneyhas_been_collectedcollecttohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.
②Inthefirstplacevehiclessendlargequantitiesofpoisonousgaseswhicharebeamajorsourceofairpollution.
③QuantitiesquantityoffoodandtentsweresenttoearthquakestrickenareasfromShandong.[名师指津] 含quantity的短语作主语时,其谓语动词与quantity的单复数保持一致8.circumstancen.环境;情况under/inthecircumstances 在此情况下under/innocircumstances决不;无论如何都不位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装[题点全练] 补全句子
①Itmightnotbeaperfectsolutionbutit’sthebestIcandounder/in_the_circumstances.这也许不是一个完美的解决办法,但这是在此情况下我能做得最好的
②Undernocircumstancesdid_I_expectthatIwouldmeetsomanyproblemswhenIdecidedtotakethejob.当我决定接受这份工作时,我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题9.eabout发生;造成[归纳拓展]❶eon 快点;加油;得了吧❷eto合计;达到;恢复❸eup走近;上来;发生;被提及❹eacross邂逅;偶遇❺eupwith提出;想出;赶上❻eintobeing形成;产生[应用领悟]
①Everythingestohimwhowaits.功夫不负有心人
②Ourclasscameupwiththeideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.我们班提出了更好地利用旧材料的想法
③WhenwereadnewspapersweofteneacrosssuchEnglishwordsas“AIDS”and“PK”.读报时,我们常会遇到像“AIDS”和“PK”这样的英语单词[名师指津] eabout是不及物动词短语,不可用于被动语态和进行时态10.so/aslongas“只要”,引导条件状语从句ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonso_long_asyouareusingit—ifnotturnitoff!只要你在使用电器设备,你可以让它开着,如果不用就把它关掉!1as...as的其他短语aswellas 也;和assoonas一……就……asfaras就……而言;至于;直到2引导条件状语从句的其他连词短语onconditionthat如果;条件是providedthat如果;条件是incasethat如果;万一onlyif只要
①“Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart”,as_long_asyouhaveadreamkeeptryingandyou’llmakeittoo.“世上无难事,只怕有心人”,只要你有梦想,并坚持尝试,你也会成功
②Wecanknowmoreaboutthelifeofgreatpeopleas_well_ashistoryandculturesofothercountries.我们可以对伟人的生活及其他国家的历史和文化了解得更多
③Itoldhimhewouldsucceedonly_ifhetriedhard.我告诉他,只要努力他就能成功[名师指津] aslongas和solongas表示“只要”时没有区别,可以替换aslongas表示“与……一样长”时,多用于肯定句;否定句多用solongas[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.InresponsetotheappealIhavemadesomechangesinmywayoflifewhichrangesrangefromtransportationtowatersaving.2.Manycitizensareopposedtopullingpulldowntheoldbuildingbecauseitdatesbacktothe16thcenturywhichshouldbeprotected.3.2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达AllstudentshavetwoPEclassesaweekandrunforanaverageof20minuteseveryday.4.Weshouldmaketeenagersrealizetheriskandconsequenceconsequentoftakingdrugsbyputtingmoresafetyeducationintotextbooks.5.Inordertokeepriversandlakescleanandpreventwaterfrombeing_pollutedpollutewemustdosomethingtoprotectthem.6.Underthesecircumstancescircumstancewhatmattersmostisnotonlyourpersistencebutalsoourattitudes.7.Mydeskmateisgoodkindhardworkingandintelligent.OnthewholeIcan’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.8.MymainreasonforsubscribingtoNewScientististokeepthepaceofadvancesinscience.9.Barbaraisinherlatefortiesandhasatendencytendtoplainaboutwhatshedoesn’tfeelcontentwith.10.Inspiteofthisthenumberofpeoplehavingmobilephonesisincreasingsteadilysteady.Ⅱ.选词填空eabout,resultin,putupwith,subscribeto,onbehalfof,quantitiesof,goup,evenif,keepon,solongas1.TheoldChineseproverb“Don’tfailtodogoodeven_ifit’ssmall”teachesushowtobeagoodpersoninthisworld.2.Itwastheirencouragementandmyownthinkingthatresulted_inmyslowbutsteadyprogress.3.Withthehousingpricegoing_up_moreandmorepeopleadvocatethegovernmenttakemorestrictmeasurestolowerpropertyprices.4.WithmyEnglishteacher’spatientinstructionsIkept_onlearningpractisingoralEnglishforthreemonths.5.Togetgoodjobstheyarewillingtoput_up_withmanyofthedisadvantagesofcitylifesuchasheavytrafficandpollution.6.AmythoughtitwasworthwhiletoreadEnglishnewspaperseverydaysoshesubscribed_tothe21stCentury.7.Firstofallon_behalf_ofallthemembersofourschoolI’dliketoexpressourheartfeltthankstoyouandwarmlyweletoourschool.8.Inmyopinionthereisnostandardforsuccess.So_long_aswedoourbestandachieveourgoalsthenthatissuccess.9.Uptonowlargequantities_offoodhavebeensenttoAfricatosavethestarvingpeople.10.It’salready10o’clock.Iwonderhowitcame_aboutthatshewastwohourslateonsuchashorttrip.Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全或翻译句子1.有梦想很好,只要他们不是幻想solongasIt’sgoodtohavedreamsjustso_long_as_they_are_not_fantasies.2.即使有一天我一无所有,也不缺少从头再来的勇气evenifEven_if_one_day_I_have_nothing_Ialsodonotlackthecouragetostartagain.3.对高三学生而言,毫无疑问,时间是有限的,甚至每一分钟都很宝贵doubtForSeniorThreestudentsthere_is_no_doubt_that_time_is_very_limited_evenaminuteisofgreatvalue.4.我的老师总是提醒我,一旦设定了学习目标,在任何情况下都不应该放弃circumstanceMyteacheralwaysremindsmethatunder_no_circumstances_should_I_abandonmylearninggoalsonceIsetthem.5.正是在得到他所梦寐以求的东西后他才意识到一切都不那么重要强调句式It_was_after_he_got_what_he_had_desired_that_he_realized_it_was_not_so_important.Ⅳ.句型转换1.Wealmostusedupthesupplyoffoodandwefelthelpless.→Thesupplyoffoodalmostran_outandwefelthelpless.2.Hiscarelessnessintheexamledtohispletefailure.→Hiscarelessnessintheexamresulted_inhispletefailure.3.Thenaughtyboycontinuedtalkingloudlyafterthebellrangforclass.→Thenaughtyboykept_ontalkingloudlyafterthebellrangforclass.4.Theoldmancouldn’tbearthenoisesohekeptthewindowshutalldaylong.→Theoldmancouldn’tput_up_withthenoisesohekeptthewindowshutalldaylong.5.Atfirsthewasagainsttheplanbutwemanagedtoarguehimintoacceptingit.→Atfirsthewas_opposed_totheplanbutwemanagedtoarguehimintoacceptingit.[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度限时30分钟Ⅰ.阅读理解AInmanypartsofAfricamunitieshaveelectricityservicethatsometimesdoesnotoperate.Andmanyrural农村的settlementsarecutofffromelectricityproducingcenters.Thereforeoffgrid离网solarpowerisbeingavailabletomanymunities.Offgridsolarenergyisenergythatiscapturedfromthesunwithoutbeingconnectedtoamainelectricitycenter.TheInternationalEnergyAgencysaysmorethan600millionpeopleinAfricahavenowaytogetelectricity.Newtechnologyhowevercouldhelpsolvethisproblem.LumosGlobalisamongthepaniesofferingsolarenergyservicesinNigeria.ThepanysChiefOperatingOfficerNirMaromsays“Youneedtoputthesystemontheroofandputtheindoorunitinthehome.Thereisacable电缆toconnectthem.Youdontneedtobeanelectricianoranythinglikethis.Thesunchargestheelectricitybutyouneedtoprovidethecredittopowerthesystemupandyoudothisusingyourmobilephone.”Thepriceofoffgridsolarenergysystemshasdecreasedsharply.Todaypeoplecanrentsolarequipmentforlessthan50centsaday.Andtheycanpayfortheelectricityastheyneedit.SenegalopenedoneofAfricaslargestsolarfactorieslastyear.ThepanypaidfortheconstructionofthesolarfactoryinSenegal.AmanagersaysasolarfarminSenegalcanproducetwicetheamountofelectricitythatafarmofthesamesizeinBritainorinnorthernFrancecouldproduce.TheInternationalEnergyAgencypredictsthatalmostabillionpeopleinsubSaharanAfricawillhaveongridelectricityby
2040.Buttheagencysays50millionpeoplewillstillbeoffgrid.Investorsbelievesolarpowercouldservethosepeoplewhilealsohelpingtoreducegaseslinkedtoclimatechange.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文在非洲的许多地方,社区配有电力服务,不过有时候无法运行并且,发电中心切断了许多村落的电力幸运的是,新技术——离网太阳能可以解决这一问题1.WhyistheoffgridsolarpowerpopularinAfricaA.Manypeoplehavedifficultyingettingelectricity.B.Thereisnoelectricityproducingcenters.C.Itsafashionamongthemunities.D.Itsconvenienttoputtheenergyintouse.解析选A 推理判断题根据第一段可知,在非洲很多地方人们都无法用上电,这使得offgridsolarpower在非洲得以流行起来2.WhatdoesNirMaromsayabouttheoffgridsolarenergysystemA.Itsplextochangesunlightintoenergy.B.Itssimpletoputtheequipmentinplace.C.Itsbeyondthereachofordinarypeople.D.Itsfreeforpeopletousethesystem.解析选B 细节理解题根据文中第二段NirMarom所说“Youdontneedtobeanelectricianoranythinglikethis.”可知,安装太阳能设备非常简单3.WhatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphA.ThesolarenergysysteminAfricadevelopsfasterthanthatinEurope.B.HalfofthepeopleinAfricahavenoaccesstoelectricity.C.Theusageofsolarpowerisgoodfortheenvironment.D.AllthepeopleinAfricacanuseelectricityby
2040.解析选C 细节理解题根据最后一段最后一句可知,太阳能的使用不仅可以满足人们需要,还可以减少与气候变化有关的温室气体的排放即太阳能的使用对环境有益4.WhatmaybethebesttitleforthetextA.ThisisthebestwaytogetelectricityB.AfricaisfacingsevereenergyshortagesC.SolarelectricityproductiongrowsinAfricaD.Offgridsolarenergyisbetterthanongridsolarenergy解析选C 标题归纳题纵观全文,文章主要介绍了太阳能发电在非洲非常流行BArcticseaiceismeltingfasterthanexpectedandthatmeansbigchangesinEarthsclimatesystem.ThatwarningesfromtheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationWMO.ItsscientistsarecallingfortheestablishmentofanArcticobservatorytohelpdealwithpossibledangerouschangesresultingfromthemeltingice.TheWMObelieveschangesintheArcticareaarelikelyevidenceofaingdisaster.Itnotedthattemperaturesaroundtheworldcontinuetorise.Thenextyearispredictedtobethehottestyearsincemodernrecordkeepingbegan150yearsago.TheArcticiswarmingatleasttwotimesasfastastheworldaveragetheWMOsaid.ThehighestArcticsealevelsinMarchweresaidtobethelowestonrecord.PetteriTaalasistheWMOsSecretaryGeneral.Hesaidthatthechangesintheclimatewerehavingaseriousresult.Forexamplehesaidthetreelineinmountainareasismovingupward.“Therearealsosomespeciesofanimalswhohavedifficultiesincopingwiththesechanges,”Taalassaid.TheseincludepolarbearsArcticsealsandevensomebirds.Hesaidthechangingclimatewillalsohaveaneffectonfisheries.TaalasalsowarnedthatthemeltingoftheArcticsfrozenpermafrostcouldreleaselargeamountsofgreenhousegases.Thosegasesaretheonesthatspeeduptheriseoftemperatures.ButthemeltingoftheArcticseaiceisalsoopeningupnewtransportationtravelandexplorationpossibilities.TaalassaidthatlessicecouldcutthetimeittakesforshipstosailbetweenEuropeandEastAsia.OpeningtheArcticwouldalsoincreasetheriskofaccidentsinhazardouswatersandoilspills.Thecoldundevelopedenvironmentismoredifficulttocleanupthanotherareas.TaalascalledfortheestablishmentofanArcticobservatorytostudypredictandreacttoclimatechange.HesaidthiswouldkeeptransportationinArcticwaterssafe.5.WhatstheadvantageofthemeltingArcticseaiceaccordingtothepassageA.Itpreventsthegreenhousegasesproducing.B.Itwillmakesummernotashotasbefore.C.AnArcticobservatoryneedstobesetup.D.Itbroadenstrafficandscienceresearch.解析选D 细节理解题根据第六段第一句“ButthemeltingoftheArcticseaiceisalsoopeningupnewtransportationtravelandexplorationpossibilities.”可知,北极冰川的融化扩大了交通和科学研究的领域故选D6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazardous”inParagraph7meanA.Deepandfreezing. B.Involvingriskordanger.C.Smoothandbalanced.D.Safeandslow.解析选B 词义猜测题画线词所在句中的“hazardouswatersandoilspills”和下句中的“Thecoldundevelopedenvironment”应属同一类环境hazardous与“寒冷和未开发的”相对应,应意为“危险的”故选B7.WhereisthepassageprobablytakenfromA.Ageographybook.B.Aschoolbooklet.C.Atravelguide.D.Asciencereport.解析选D 文章出处题本文主要介绍了北极冰川加速融化及其带来的影响和应对措施,并且文中列举了相关人士的观点,因此本文可能出自科学报告故选DCWehaveaproblemandthestrangethingisthatwenotonlyknowaboutitbutalsocelebrateit.Justtodaysomeoneboastedtomethatshewassobusyshesaveragedfourhoursofsleepanightforthelasttwoweeks.Shewasntplaining;shewasproudofthefact.Sheisnotalone.WhyaretypicallyrationalpeoplesoirrationalintheirbehaviorTheansweristhatwereinthemidstofabubble.Icallit“TheMoreBubble”.Thenatureofbubblesisthatsomethingisabsurdlyovervalueduntil—eventually—thebubbleburstsandwereleftwonderingwhyweweresoirrationallyanimatedinthefirstplace.Thethingwereovervaluingnowistheopinionofdoingitallhavingitallachievingitall.Thisbubbleisbeingenabledbyabinationofthreepowerfultrends:smartphonessocialmediaandextremeconsumerism.Theresultisnotjustinformationoverloadbutopinionoverload.Wearemoreawarethanatanytimeinhistoryofwhateveryoneelseisdoingandthereforewhatweshouldbedoing.Intheprocesswehavebeensoldabillofgoods:thatsuccessmeansbeingsupermenandsuperwomenwhocangetitalldone.Ofcourseweboastedaboutbeingbusy—itscodeforbeingsuccessfulandimportant.Andouranswertotheproblemofmoreisalwaysmore.Weneedmoretechnologytohelpuscreatemoretechnologies.Weneedtoshiftourworkloadtofreeupourowntimetodoyetevenmore.Luckilythereisasolutiontothepursuitofmore:thepursuitoflessbutbetter.Agrowingnumberofpeoplearemakingthischange.IcallthesepeopleEssentialists.Thesepeoplearedesigningtheirlivesaroundwhatisessentialandremovingeverythingelse.Thesepeoplearrangetohaveactualweekendsduringwhichtheyarenotworking.Theycreatetechnologyfreezonesintheirhomes.TheytradetimeonFacebookwithcallingthosefewfriendswhoreallymattertothem.Insteadofrunningtodifferentmeetingstheyputspaceontheircalendarstogetimportantworkdone.Sowehavetwochoices:Wecanbeamongthelastpeoplecaughtupin“TheMoreBubble”,orwecanjointhegrowingmunityofEssentialistsandgetmoreofwhatmattersinouronepreciouslife.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文受智能手机、社交媒体和极端消费主义的影响,许多人乐于说自己很忙,这掩盖了生活的本质我们应当关注生活中最重要的部分,屏蔽那些无关紧要的事物8.Whenthewomansaidfortwoweekssheonlysleptforfourhoursanight________.A.shewasunsatisfiedwithherlifestyleB.shewasaskingforsuggestionsC.shetookprideindoingsoD.sheknewfewpeoplewerelikeher解析选C 细节理解题根据第一段第三句“Shewasntplaining;shewasproudofthefact.”可知,当这个女士说自己最近两周每晚只睡四个小时时,她对自己这样做感到自豪故C项正确9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyaboutA.Thecauseandresultof“TheMoreBubble”.B.Theadvantagesof“TheMoreBubble”.C.Thesolutionsto“TheMoreBubble”.D.Thenewtrendsof“TheMoreBubble”.解析选A 段落大意题通读第四段可知,该段首先分析了“TheMoreBubble”的起因受智能手机、社交媒体和极端消费主义的影响;接着又分析了“TheMoreBubble”的后果信息太多、观点太多,吹嘘忙就是成功和重要的秘诀故A项正确10.Wecaninferfromthearticlethattheauthor________“TheMoreBubble”.A.issupportiveof B.isundecidedaboutC.disapprovesofD.wondersabout解析选C 推理判断题根据第四段第二句“Theresultisnotjustinformationoverloadbutopinionoverload.”并结合第四段内容可知,“TheMoreBubble”导致信息膨胀、观点泛滥,从而掩盖了真实的生活;据此可以判断,作者对此持反对态度故C项正确Ⅱ.阅读七选五2019·杭州六校联考Therearesomanythingswedoinourdailylivesthathavebeea“habit”.__1__Howyouanswerthephoneisahabit.Thewayyousitinthecarwhenyoudriveisahabit.HaveyouevertriedtochangethewayyoudosomethingafteryouvedoneitinacertainwayforsolongItsnotveryeasytodo.Theminuteyourminddriftstosomethingelseyougorightbacktotheoldwayofdoingthings.__2__Itsawayofdoingthingsthathasbeeroutineormonplace.Tochangeanexistinghabitorformanewonecanbeatedioustask.Letspicksomethingfairlyeasytostartwithlikespending15minutesinthemorningreadingtheBible.IfyouwanttoturnsomethingintoahabitthatyoudoeverydayyouhavetoWANTtodoit.__3__Makeafirmdecisiontodothisonadailybasis.Imprintitinyourmind.Writeseveralnotestoyourselfandputtheminplaceswhereyouwillseethem.Bythealarmclockonthebathroommirrorontherefrigeratordoorinyourbriefcaseandunderyourcarkeysaregoodplacestostart.Afterthenewnesswearsoffthenyouwillhavetoremindyourself“HeyIforgotto...”Keepusingthenotesifyouhaveto__4__Somepeoplesayitwilltakeoveramonthtosolidifyitandmakeitsomethingyouwilldowithouthavingtothinkaboutit.Itendtoagreewiththelaststatement.Twotothreeweekswillhelpyoutorememberbutthirtydaysormorewillmakeitapartofyoureverydayroutine.__5__A.Whatisa“habit”anywayB.IsdoingthingsinanoldwaygoodC.Brushingyourteethisahabit.D.Formingabadhabitiseasy.E.Ittakes16to21timesofrepeatingatasktomakeitahabit.F.Ifyoudontyouwillfindawaytodoeverythingbutthat.G.Thatssomethingyouwontnecessarilyhavetothinkaboutbeforeyoudoit—habit.1.选C 根据空格上一句“Therearesomanythingswedoinourdailylivesthathavebeea‘habit.”可知,我们日常所做的许多事情已经成了习惯;由空格下一句“Howyouanswerthephoneisahabit.”可知,接电话的方式也成了习惯;据此可以判断,空格处应列举日常生活中已经成为习惯的行为C项“刷牙是一种习惯”紧密衔接上下文,符合语境故C项正确2.选A 根据空格下一句“Itsawayofdoingthingsthathasbeeroutineormonplace.”可知,该句阐述了习惯的定义;据此可以判断,空格处应提问“习惯是什么”故A项正确3.选F 根据空格上一句“IfyouwanttoturnsomethingintoahabitthatyoudoeverydayyouhavetoWANTtodoit.”可知,如果你想将某件事变成你每天都要做的习惯行为,你就必须想要做它,此处强调的是想要做的重要性;据此可以判断,空格处应谈论如果你不想做会发生什么情况故F项正确4.选E 根据空格下一句“Somepeoplesayitwilltakeoveramonthtosolidifyitandmakeitsomethingyouwilldowithouthavingtothinkaboutit.”可知,该处陈述的是养成习惯的一种方法空格处应陈述养成习惯的另一种方法E项中的“16to21times”与下文中的“Twotothreeweeks”相照应故E项正确5.选G 根据空格上一句“Twotothreeweekswillhelpyoutorememberbutthirtydaysormorewillmakeitapartofyoureverydayroutine.”并结合空格处所在的位置可知,空格处总结全文,再次阐述什么是习惯G项“那是你在做之前不必考虑的事——习惯”符合文意故G项正确。