还剩72页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
会议培训手册Conferencetrainingbook手册主要内容会议基本信息模拟联合国大会通用规则流程VIP会议流程图VIP会议基本词汇技巧运用VIP会议文件示例附录联合国宪章(中英文)会议基本信息
一、officialname活动名称广东实验中学第三届(以下简称“省实”)模拟联合国大会TheThirdModelUnitedNationsConferenceofGuangdongExperimentalHighSchool
二、basicfactsofmun模拟联合国概况模拟联合国是一项大学生的国际会议交流活动,模拟会议以国际热点问题为议题,按照联合国会议规则,通过提交立场文件、会议演讲、会后协商、撰写决议案草案、大会投票等程序,运用演讲、谈判、协商、决策、求同存异、达成共识等外交技能,最后完成会议决议案,提出解决问题的办法模拟联合国模拟履行“联合国”会议的职责其具体形式为各国的各院校成立各自的“模拟联合国”团队---作为“模拟联合国”的成员国,所有团队受“联合国”及各个国家的“联合国协会”领导该活动每年召集“模拟联合国”团队召开“模拟联合国”大会在模拟会议上团队可代表任何一个国家,学生们扮成所代表国的外交官,模拟“联合国”会议全过程,探讨并决策世界重要问题该活动历史悠久,风靡全球因其前身为模拟国际联盟,创办于上世纪二十年代,该项活动比真正联合国还要早,在联合国成立后,正式改为模拟联合国近几年来,这个交流活动在国内日益受到关注,许多中学也都纷纷成立了模拟联合国省实模拟联合国就是其中之
一三、keypurpose活动目的
1、模拟联合国活动能让学生们学习演讲、谈判、协商、决策的方法与技巧,培养学生们的中文和英文的表达与辩论能力
2、通过活动树立学生们的相互配合的团体意识,培养统帅全体、感召全体的组织能力及面对问题去决策的能力
3、提供学生们积累、学习西方文化经验的机会活动中学生们了解别国文化、见识别样观点,学会合作、学会沟通、学会求同存异,达成相互得益,最终有益于全球人类的协作模拟联合国大会通用规则流程VIP在模拟联合国会议里参加者Delegates以及代表团Delegation为单位,共同代表一个国家(toRepresentACertainCountry),在模拟联合国会议中的不同委员会(Committee)里,以国家代表的身份进行演讲(RepublicSpeaking)、辩论(Debate)和游说(Lobby)等,争取国家利益的最大化委员会结构CommitteeStructure一个委员会由一个主席团(MembersoftheDais)负责主席(TheChair)主持会议,主席的任务是按照联合国正式的程序规则监督并推动会议进程OverseesDebateandGuidesDelegatesThroughtheRulesofProcedure会议指导Director负责审阅代表提交的会议文件主席助理Rapporteur负责点名、录入发言人名单Speakerslist
一、正式辩论FormalDebate
1、点名RollCall在这一阶段,主席助理会按国家字母顺序依次点出国家名,被点到的国家举起国家牌Placard,并回答“present到”
2、确定议题SettingtheAgenda本次会议将会由两个议题供代表们选择,代表们通过讨论、投票,确定出要首先讨论的议题在确定议题的阶段,主席分别在赞成首先讨论议题A和赞成首先讨论议题B的国家中,各随机点出3名代表(即,共6名)进行发言,阐述选择先讨论该议题的原因、动机等,发言时间为90秒6名代表都发言完毕后,将进行投票,投票原则为简单多数,即50%+
13、发言及让渡时间SpeechesandYield产生发言名单OpentheSpeakersList代表们确定议题之后,正式辩论开始主席会请需要发言的代表举国家牌(也就是所有的国家都举牌),并随机读出国家名,代表们发言的顺序即主席点名的顺序,当代表们听到自己国家被点到之后,便放下国家牌每个代表有120秒的发言时间,代表可在大屏幕上看到发言名单如果需要追加发言机会,代表可向主席台传意向条page要求在发言名单上添加其代表的国家,主席会将该过的名字加在发言名单的最后主席不阻止追加,但其他代表可用动议来阻止如果代表已在发言名单上,并且还没有发言,则不能在其发言之前追加发言机会一旦发言名单上所有国家已发言,并且没有任何代表追加发言机会,会议直接进入投票表决决议草案阶段让渡时间YieldTime代表在发言时间内结束发言之后,可将剩余时间让渡(让渡时间仅出现在120秒的发言名单中),让渡对象如下——让渡给他国代表YieldTimetoAnotherDelegate这是我们最提倡的一种让渡方式让渡国A代表和被让渡国B代表私下协商一致后(传意向条,会前游说等),B代表在A代表剩余的时间内进行发言如果B代表发言结束还有时间剩余,B代表不能将其再次让渡,主席将继续主持会议——让渡给问题YieldTimetoQuestions一旦代表将剩余时间让渡给问题,主席会请需要提问的代表举牌,并随机点出代表进行提问,提问时间不占用剩余时间,提问内容必须根据发言者的意思来问发言代表可在剩余时间范围内回答任何被提出的问题这种让渡方式可以体现发言代表的思辩、反应及口语表达能力,但如果代表水平还有一定差距,选择这种让渡方式就是比较不明智的——让渡给评论YieldTimetocomments一旦代表将剩余时间让渡给评论,主席会请需要评论的代表举牌,并随机点出代表进行评论,让渡时间给评论的代表没有权利再一次进行观点的陈述或者对评论进行反驳这种让渡方式是比较冒风险的如果发言代表和盟国交涉成功让盟国进行有利评论,且盟国保证他到时会举牌并让主席点到他,这样会对发言代表比较有利但如果评论机会落入反对国手中,该国将会对发言代表的立场进行反驳及批判,这样就会使发言代表进入比较被动的劣势状态所以,请代表们慎重选择——让渡给主席YieldTimetotheChair一旦代表将剩余时间让渡给主席,意味着代表自动放弃剩余时间,主席将继续主持会议这是我们最不主张的让渡方式,因为这代表发言代表对推动会议的进程起到了消极的作用,没有充分利用好时间阐述各方观点,会使发言代表给大家留下不太好的印象所以,主席团不推荐这种让渡方式
4、问题和动议PointsandMotions当一位代表按照发言名单的顺序发言完毕后,主席会询问场下有无问题和动议,此时代表可根据自身需要举牌提出问题或动议动议或问题MotionorPoint说明Description票数要求VotetoPass动议更改发言时间Motiontosetspeakingtime如果代表认为发言时间过长或过短,可动议更改发言时间,然后进行投票表决简单多数(50%+1)Simplemajority动议暂时中断正式辩论Motiontosuspendthemeeting此动议意味着代表试图使正式辩论阶段过渡到非正式辩论阶段,如进行有主持核心磋商ModeratedCaucus或自由磋商UnmoderatedCaucus提出动议的代表需要明确动议的目的及中断正式辩论的时间详细说明请见“非正式辩论”部分简单多数(50%+1)Simplemajority动议结束辩论Motiontoclosedebate结束辩论的动议生效后,会议进入投票阶段此动议一般在代表认为其立场已经得到充分阐述,并且决议草案已相当完善的情况下提出一旦有代表动议结束辩论,主席会请出2名代表陈述赞成此动议的理由,2位代表陈述反对此动议的理由,然后全体代表进行投票表决三分之二多数(2/3)Two-thirdsmajority组织性问题PointofOrder当代表认为主席在主持会议的过程中产生某种错误时,可以提出组织性问题,以纠正主席错误可以打断进程提出不需要投票Novote咨询性问题PointofInquiry当代表对于会议程序有不明白的地方时,可以举牌向主席咨询不需要投票Novote个人特权问题PointofPersonalPrivilege当代表觉得在会场上个人有任何不适时,可以提出各人特权问题,以求得主席团的帮助和解决不需要投票Novote*意向条Page代表有任何问题,或者需要进行游说、沟通,都可以通过传意向条的方式向其他代表或者主席表达会场有工作人员负责传递
5、投票表决Voting模拟联合国会议绝大多数的步骤都需要全体代表进行表决表决的对象包括对程序的表决和对会议文件的表决对程序的表决(如对某一动议进行表决)中,所有代表需要投票,即不可以弃权对于决议草案的表决,是一个点名表决的过程,主席依次点名,点到的国家举牌并回答赞成Yes、反对No或者弃权Abstain代表们根据辩论进展依次提交会议文件工作文件WorkingPaper,决议草案DraftResolution,会议文件提出后,代表们针对其内容进行辩论,并提交修正案Amendment对其相关条款进行修正在辩论结束后,委员会进入对决议草案和修正案的投票阶段,皆为唱名表决RollCallVote会议文件需要得到2/3的赞成票才能通过首先对修正案进行表决,其次是决议草案在模拟联合国大会中,代表们可以提出多份不同的草案,因此,投票顺序取决于草案提交顺序一旦草案通过,即成生决议,不再对其他草案进行投票,这一议题的讨论结束,委员会进入下一个议题的讨论
二、非正式辩论InformalDebate
1、 有主持核心磋商ModeratedCaucus有主持核心磋商指代表们在主席的主持下按照主席随机点出的顺序进行发言,有主持核心磋商讨论的核心内容、总时间、各代表发言时间由提出此动议的代表规定,并需要全体代表进行投票表决一旦动议通过,在规定的时间内代表们发言的顺序将不按照正式辩论发言名单的顺序进行,因而被成为“非正式辩论”在这一阶段中,提出动议的代表及其盟友一般会更积极地抓住这个机会,阐述立场和观点、反驳对其不利的观点,以求得更多地支持
2、 自由磋商UnmoderatedCaucus提出自由磋商动议的代表仅需要规定总时间,一旦动议得到通过,在规定地时间内代表可以离开作座位,更为密切地和盟友们交换意见,讨论各自认为重要的任何方面的问题总的来说,在非正式辩论阶段,代表们一般会因利益的不同自动地结成多个集团,因此合作精神是更为重要地,代表们只有在第一时间明确了自己的观点和立场,并加入到集体的讨论中,才可能在解下来的过程中进一步地维护国家利益此外,对于大国来说,在积极游说地过程中,应尽量避免独断专行,而对于小国而言,即使讨论的某个具体方面对自身没有任何利害关系,也需要积极地投入,表明自己对其有所兴趣,否则很可能会被孤立在外,一旦被孤立,便很难找到实现自己利益的平台
三、文件写作
1、立场文件PositionPaper每个国家在会前都要针对各个议题提交一份立场文件,对本国的基本观点做出简明扼要的阐述立场文件应以文段的形式撰写开头要写明代表姓名,学校,代表国家,所在委员会和议题首先要概括介绍本议题在当前国际社会上的状况,对整体情况有个大致的了解然后要介绍联合国和本国就此议题的态度和采取过的行动,要避免冗长的罗列,以能表达立场为目的接着要详尽阐述本国的立场、观点和计划采取的行动,需要真实、有可行性最后用最简单的语言总结本国最基本的立场观点一份好的立场文件应该包含丰富有效的信息不仅仅应该包含你所代表国家国内的相关信息,全球范围内与该议题相关的重要信息都应该有所整理,并包含到你的立场文件中我们建议引用一些比较权威的机构、组织与媒体提供的信息,以充实你的立场文件我们建议代表使用一个简明的架构来书写立场文件你的工作不是把你所收集的大量信息填充到结构中,而是把你的观点、建议以及解决办法等等信息融合起来加以整理,使他们能够很好的融合到你的立场文件结构中,让你的立场文件更有建设性以下是立场文件的基本结构第一部分简单诠释议题中的关键词,初步介绍议题的背景与情况;第二部分介绍你所代表国家在该议题上面临的问题与阻力;第三部分介绍你的国家以及其他国家和国际组织在该问题上已经采取的措施;第四部分介绍你所在的国家以及其他国家和国际组织未来的规划与对策;第五部分你所代表的国家对自己、对其他国家和对联合国的期望与建议
2、工作文件WorkingPaper当一国或国家集团对议题产生初步的解决办法时,可以总结成一份工作文件,提交给大会,向各国介绍己方的解决办法工作文件不需要特定的文件格式,可以是图表,可以是文段,也可以列关键点也可以将工作文件作为决议草案的雏形,按照决议草案的格式撰写,具有全面性
3、决议草案DraftResolution决议草案是按照联合国决议文件形式起草的对该议题的解决办法决议草案的标题必须在第一行正中间清晰表明,可以非常简单,如“决议草案”,也可拟定更复杂的标题决议草案的起草国和附议国总数必须达到与会代表国的20%,才可向大会主席递交决议草案起草国Sponsors:完全赞成该项决议草案(个数不限)附议国Signatories:不一定赞成该决议草案,但是认为这份决议草案很值得讨论(注意决议草案中起草国和附议国都必须书写,由该国代表签上代表的国家名字)标题下空两行,顶格书写以下内容
(1)委员会名称
(2)决议草案所涉及的议题
(3)文件的起草国和附议国决议草案应该按照以下规则书写(正文部分所有条款的首词必须加下划线)→下文有范例联合国大会下属的所有委员会,在决议草案正文部分以“联合国大会”开头;经济与社会理事会下属的所有委员会以“经济与社会理事会”;其他的委员会以本委员会的名称开头下一部分是决议草案的序言性条款,该部分介绍委员会讨论的相关问题,回顾过去已经采取的措施,解释该决议草案的主旨和目的,为后文中的行动性条款作铺垫所有序言性条款的首词为加了下划线的动名词,句子以逗号结尾序言性条款不得修正在主体部分中,行动性条款都将被编号所有条款由一般现在时时态的动词开头,语气较序言性条款中的用词更加强硬、坚决每一条行动性条款都以分号结尾,最后一条以句号结尾每款中,如有细分的条和项,都以分号结尾在决议草案的主体中,不得出现句号部分能在序言性条款中使用的词汇和短语肯定、意识到、牢记、相信、认识到、预示、确信、声明、深信、强调、期望、赞赏、感谢、履行、郑重警告、完全理解、完全相信、进一步回顾、考虑到、听闻、铭记、注意到、明确、重申、回顾、认可、涉及到、要求、记录、欢迎等部分能在行动性条款中使用的词汇和短语接受、肯定、批准、授权、要求、呼吁、谴责、确认、祝贺、考虑、声明、哀悼、指派、关注、强调、鼓励、认可、赞赏、期望、坚决执行、注意到、声明、重申、建议、遗憾、提醒、请求、强烈谴责、支持、传达、相信、敦促、赞成等
4、修正案Amendment修正案分为友好修正案FriendlyAmendment:原决议草案的全部起草国都赞成该修改意见,该修正案就成为友好修正案,直接被添加到原决议草案的最后非友好修正案UnfriendlyAmendment:没有使得原起草国都赞成该修改意见,该修正案使非友好修正案,需要征集到与会代表20%得附议国签名,才可以向大会主席递交原决议草案得起草国不能成为非友好修正案的起草国或附议国,原决议草案的附议国则可以签署修正案修正案表决时需逐条表决
5、指令草案DraftDirective指令草案是安理会处理危机时候的一种文件类型它和决议草案在格式和功能上都很相近,但是指令草案不需要序言性条款,要直接书写行动性条款因为代表们要解决危机,所以指令草案得行动措施要立即、有效,防止长远规划安理会指令草案得起草国和附议国总数要达到3个才能提交主席团,只要10国赞同,且“五常”不反对,才能通过可以对指令草案提出修正案
四、 危机委员会在代表讨论议题的时候,主席团会不定时地给代表们发放危机材料,其中既有发给全体代表的材料,又有针对当事国的密函一旦危机出现,代表应当立即停止原来的讨论,把注意力转移到危机上来面对每一次新形势,代表都应当思考国际社会应当采取的行动,适时起草指令草案DraftDirective指令草案的内容是代表认为面对危机的发展,该委员会或者国际社会应当立即采取的行动根据代表们的不同反应,危机会按照主席团设计的不同路线进行待危机完全结束,代表们回到原议题的讨论危机都是和议题相关的,建议代表在最终的决议草案中反映出通过危机所获得的启示和各国形成的共识会议流程图VIPConferenceDetailedFlowChartRollCall点名点名,该阶段要求确定共多少国家参会,参会国家的简单多数和三分之二多数是多少TheRapporteur:Honorabledelegatesnowwearegoingtohavetherollcall.ThosecountriescalledpleaseraiseyourplacardandanswerPRESENT.问完之后,依照字母顺序宣读国家名(见国家名单)TheRapporteur:Thepeople’sRepublicofChina.DelegateofPRC:Present.TheRapporteur:ThePeople’sRepublicofChinaispresent.所有国家宣读完毕之后,统计到会国家数量,并计算简单多数及三分之二多数TheRapporteur:50countriespresentinall.Thesimplemajorityis26andthetwo-thirdsmajorityis
34.SettingtheAgenda确定议题确定议题,当一个委员会有超过一个议题的时候,需要投票确定先讨论哪个议题,简单多数通过首先请分别支持议题A或B的国家举牌,任意抽取三个国家,上台阐述支持原因,每人90秒TheChair:ThereareamultipletopicareasinUNEPsowearegoingtosettingtheagenda.ThecountriesthosewanttosettopicApleaseraiseyourplacard.TheChair:ChinaUnitedStatesJapan.These3countriesaregoingtostatetheirreasonsforsettingtopicA.Eachdelegatehas90secondstostate.刚刚点选的三个国家上台阐述支持A议题的原因TheChair:ThecountriesthosewanttosettopicBpleaseraiseyourplacard.TheChair:SpainBrazilFrance.These3countriesaregoingtostatetheirreasonsforsettingtopicB.Eachdelegatehas90secondstostate.刚刚点选的三个国家上台阐述支持B议题的原因TheChair:WeheardthosereasonsforsettingtopicAandreasonsforsettingtopicB.Nowwearegoingtovote.ThosecountrieswanttosettopicApleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:Thereare33countrieswanttosettopicAfirst.Thesimplemajorityis
26.SowearegoingtodiscusstopicAfirst.[FormalDebate]·正式辩论阶段TheChair:Nowwearecomingintotheformaldebate.Firstlywewillopenthespeakers’list.OpentheSpeakers’List确定发言名单正式辩论阶段,首先确定发言名单(即发言的顺序)TheChair:Alldelegateswhowanttospeakpleaseraiseyourplacard.TheChair:ChinaUnitedStatesBrazilPeru...确定发言名单时,主席随机点选国家,会议助理记录点选顺序Speak发言正式开始发言,每国代表发言时间两分钟(可能有代表在后期动议更改)在三十秒时,主席叩响桌面提醒代表TheChair:Thecountrycalledpleasecometotheplatformandstatesyourposition.Eachdelegatehastwominutestostate.TheChairwillremindthedelegatewhenthereis30secondsleft.China.ThedelegateofPRC:HonorableChairmyfellowdelegates%*$^%^…会议助理注意计时,时间到TheChair:Sorrytointerruptbutyourtimeexpired.YieldTime让渡如果发言国有剩余时间,起用让渡程序处理剩余时间TheChair:ThedelegateofChinayouhave40secondsleft.Nowyoucanyieldthetimetothequestionscommentsthechairoranotherdelegate.此时有四种情况1)让渡给他国ThedelegateofPRC:ChinayieldstimetoBrazil.TheChair:NowBrazilhas40secondstospeak.Brazil:ThanksChinaandthanksthechair.Brazilbelievesthat…2)让渡给问题ThedelegateofPRC:Chinayieldtimetoquestions.TheChair:Chinayieldeditstimetoquestion.40secondsfor2questions.Thosecountrieshaveinquiriespleaseraiseyourplacard.UnitedStates.ThedelegateofUS:USdidn’tunderstand…3)让渡给评论ThedelegateofPRC:Chinayieldtimetocomments.TheChair:Chinayieldeditstimetocomments.40secondsforonecomment.Thosecountrieswanttohaveacommentpleaseraiseyourplacard.Japan.Japan:Thanksthechair.Japanthinksthatitisquiteobviousinthistopicthat…etc.4)让渡给主席ThedelegateofPRC:ChinayieldtimetotheChair.TheChair:ChinayieldeditstimetotheChair.注意所有让渡不得二次让渡进入问题或动议程序MotionsorPoints问题或动议问题或动议阶段,代表依照规则提出问题或动议TheChair:NowthespeechofChinaended.AnymotionorpointJapan.此时共6种情况1)组织性问题代表认为主席在会议流程上有失误时提出ThedelegateofJapan:Pointoforder.TheChairdidn’tfollowtherightorderonthespeakers’list…etc.此时,如果属实,主席承认错误,并进行更正如果有特殊原因,主席应当解释TheChair:ThankstoJapan.Nowwearegoingbacktocorrecttheorder.ORTheChair:ThankstoJapanbutthedelegateofUKhaspersonalprivilege.UKwillbeaddedinafterthedelegatecomesback.2)咨询性问题代表对于会议程序不明白时,可以咨询主席ThedelegateofJapan:Pointofinquiry.Japanwantstomakesurehowmanyvotesweneedtopassapointofpersonalprivilege…etc.TheChair:ThankstoJapanandweneednovoteforapointofpersonalprivilege…etc.Anyothermotionorpoint3)个人特权问题代表有特殊要求或个人身体不适时,可以提出以求得帮助或解决ThedelegateofJapan:Japanfeelsthirstyshouldwehavesomedrinks...etc.TheChair:ThankstoJapanbutdrinksandfoodareself-servicedoutsidetheconferenceroom.Anyothermotionorpoint…etc.4)动议更改发言时间(简单多数通过)ThedelegateofJapan:Japanhasamotionforsettingthespeakingtimefor90secondssincemostdelegatesdon’thavesomanypointstosay…etc.TheChair:Motionforsettingthespeakingtimefor90seconds.Thevoteisneededforthismotion.Thosecountriesinfavortoshortentimepleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:Thereareonly12countriesinfavor.26areneededforsimplemajority.Sothismotionfailed.注意动议必须经过投票才能判断通过与否,点票工作由会议助理负责5)动议暂时中断辩论,进入非正式辩论程序(简单多数)1有主持核心磋商ThedelegateofPRC:Chinahasamotionfora10-minutemoderatedcaucusfortheproblemoftheinfluencesofhumanactivitiesinglobalwarming.Eachdelegatehas30seconds’speakingtime.TheChair:Motionfora10-minutemoderatedcaucusfortheproblemofthecausesofglobalwarming.Thevoteisneededforthismotion.Thosecountriesinfavortothismotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:45countriesinfavorand26areneededforsimplemajority.Sothismotionpassed.20countriescanspeakinthismoderatedcaucus.Eachdelegatehas30secondstostate.Thosecountrieswanttospeakpleaseraiseyourplacard.China.本次发言每次点选一个国家上台发言,没有提示,时间到直接停止时间到时TheChair:Sorrytointerruptbutyourtimeexpired.Thosecountrieswanttospeakpleaseraiseyourplacard.NextcountrytostateisUK.2自由磋商ThedelegateofPRC:Chinahasamotionfora20-minuteun-moderatedcaucus.TheChair:Motionfora20-minuteun-moderatedcaucus.Thevoteisneededforthismotion.Thosecountriesinfavortothismotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:39countriesinfavorand26areneededforsimplemajority.Sothismotionpassed.Heregoestheun-moderatedcaucusfor20minutes.本次磋商无须组织,20分钟后所有代表回到会场即可6)动议休会,结束一个阶段的会议(简单多数)该动议通常由主席建议,以保证代表们能够准时午餐/晚餐时间临近午餐/晚餐时TheChair:Nowit’stimeforlunch.TheChairrecommendsforhavingamotionforsuspendingthemeeting.Wewillcontinuethisafternoonat2:00p.m.AnymotionorpointUS.ThedelegateofUS:UnitedStateshasamotionforsuspendingthemeetingduetoit’stimeforlunch.TheChair:Motionforsuspendingthemeeting.Thosecountriesinfavortothemotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:50infavorand26areneededforsimplemajority.Thismotionpassed.Nowourmeetingadjourned.Alldelegatespleasecomebacktothemeetingroomat2:00p.m.Thankyou.[InformalDebate]非正式辩论非正式辩论是穿插在正式辩论中进行的,通常是在一名代表发言完毕后由动议提出的包括有主持核心磋商和自由磋商两种程序,细节见上表[Repeat]重复发言到问题或动议的整个流程,直到发言名单结束Vote投票投票,是针对已经提交的决议草案的表决决议草案(DraftResolution)是代表在会议过程中抽出时间撰写的,并在撰写完成后得到其他国家附议后提交主席团主席团根据提交顺序编号(DraftResolution
1.
11.2…etc.),并下发至代表讨论讨论时TheChair:NowwehaveDraftResolution
1.1deliveredbyChina.ThechairrecommendsforhavingamotionfordiscussingtheDraftResolution
1.
1.AnymotionorpointChina.ThedelegateofPRC:Chinahasamotionfora10-minutemoderatedcaucusforDraftResolution
1.
1.Chinawillexplaintheresolutionandotherdelegatesaregoingtohaveinquiriesonit.TheChair:MotionfordiscussingtheDraftResolution
1.
1.A10-minutemoderatedcaucusandeachdelegatehas1minutetostate.Thevoteisneededforthismotion.Thosecountriesinfavortothismotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:50countriesinfavorand26areneededforsimplemajority.Sothismotionpassed.Heregoesthediscussion.NowChinaisgoingtoexplaintheDraftResolution
1.
1.决议草案的解释与答辩是在发言名单中穿插进行的,在发言名单结束之后,通常是直接进入对已有的决议草案的邮票阶段就算只有一份决议草案,也需要投票投票顺序依照主席的编号顺序TheChair:Nowthespeakers’listclosed.WearegoingtovotefortheDraftResolutions.Thereare3DraftResolutionsandwearegoingtovote
1.1first.Thecopiesof
1.1weresenttodelegates.Nowthecountrieswillcalledfollowtheletters’order.ThosecountriescalledpleaseraiseyourplacardandanswerFAVORVETOorABSTAIN.People’sRepublicofChina.ThedelegateofPRC:Favor/veto/abstainorYes/No/Abstain.TheChair:Chinaisinfavor/against/abstained.[VOTE]TheChair:Thereare29countriesinfavor13againstand8abstained.34neededfortwo-thirdmajoritysotheDraftResolution
1.1failed.HerevotestheDraftResolution
1.
2.Thecopiesof
1.2weresenttodelegates.Nowthecountrieswillcalledfollowtheletters’order.ThosecountriescalledpleaseraiseyourplacardandanswerFAVORVETOorABSTAIN.People’sRepublicofChina.…注意,如果通过了一个决议草案,剩余的决议草案自动作废如果没有任何决议草案通过,不会进行重新投票,表示会议在本议题上没有达成共识,没有结果WorkingPaper工作文件工作文件是与会代表在会议中,根据会议进程草拟的总结性文件,作用在于总结会议前一阶段的磋商和合作成果提交的工作文件直接印发代表即可,不需要通过或者讨论如果有内容详尽的工作文件,可以建议代表促成一份决议草案OtherSituations·特殊动议结束辩论(三分之二多数)该动议由代表提出,表示无论发言名单上有多少国家剩余,都即刻结束辩论,进入投票阶段该动议需要三分之二多数通过,并要求赞成与反对的双方各选两名代表阐述支持与反对的理由,时间1分钟ThedelegateofUS:UnitedStateshasamotionforclosingthedebate.TheChair:Motionforclosingthedebate.Thosecountriesinfavortothemotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.ChinaUnitedStates.Thesetwocountriesaregoingtostatethereasontheyinfavortoclosethedebate.ThedelegateofChina.Youhaveoneminutetostate.ChinaspeakingTheChair:ThankstoChina.ThedelegateofUnitedStates.USspeakingTheChair:ThankstoUnitedStates.Thosecountriesagainstthemotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.Brazil.UK.Thesetwocountriesaregoingtostatetheobjectionofthemotion.ThedelegateofBrazil.BrazilspeakingTheChair:ThankstoBrazil.ThedelegateofUnitedKingdom.UKspeakingTheChair:ThankstoUnitedKingdom.Nowwearegoingtovote.Thosecountriesinfavortothemotionpleaseraiseyourplacard.[VOTE]TheChair:32countriesinfavorbut34areneededforthismotion.Sothismotionfailed.Wearegoingtocontinueourspeakers’list.Nextcountrytostateis…·追加发言名单的方法如果有国家希望在发言名单结束后追加发言(通常是因为立场没有阐述清楚或者有补充阐述),可以用PAGE向主席申请追加本国至发言名单末尾,无须投票通过PAGE格式将下发给代表会议基本词汇Aboutthepeople委员会committee主席chair助理rapporteur会议指导director工作人员staff代表delegateAbouttheprocedure点名rollcall国家牌placard到present正式辩论FormalDebate让渡给他国代表YieldTimetoAnotherDelegate让渡给问题YieldTimetoQuestions让渡给评论YieldTimetocomments让渡给主席YieldTimetotheChair问题和动议PointsandMotions动议更改发言时间Motiontosetspeakingtime动议暂时中断正式辩论Motiontosuspendthemeeting简单多数(50%+1)Simplemajority三分之二多数(2/3)Two-thirdsmajority动议结束辩论Motiontoclosedebate个人特权问题PointofPersonalPrivilege咨询性问题PointofInquiry组织性问题PointofOrder意向条Page非正式辩论InformalDebate有主持核心磋商ModeratedCaucus自由磋商UnmoderatedCaucus立场文件PositionPaper工作文件WorkingPaper决议草案DraftResolution修正案Amendment友好修正案FriendlyAmendment非友好修正案UnfriendlyAmendment休会Adjournthemeeting技巧运用VIP第1节准备阶段
1、四个方面的研究准备工作可以分为四个方面对联合国的研究,对相应委员会的研究,对所代表国家的研究以及对所在委员会讨论的议题的研究1.了解关于联合国的背景知识联合国的结构http://www.un.org/aboutun/index.html联合国的主要机构大会http://www.un.org/ga/56/安全理事会http://www.un.org/Docs/scinfo.htm经济和社会理事会http://www.un.org/documents/ecosoc.htm人权委员会http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu2/2/chr.htm联合国宪章http://www.un.org/aboutun/charter/index.html联合国已有行动http://www.un.org/aboutun/history.htm2.对相应委员会的研究关于历史这个委员会做些什么?关于要求和目标该委员会的任务和权限?在联合国中该委员会的角色?3.研究你所代表的国家了解你所代表的国家一般的政治,经济,历史和地理你所代表的国家在国际社会中关于议题的政策和立场不4.研究你的议题信息资源模拟联合国的背景材料和网站相关内容的国家发言联合国委员会的网站过去在该委员会中通过的重要决议草案国家投票记录当作研究是,试着去回答下面的基本问题什么样的本质问题将会被提出?为什么这些方面重要?为什么这些问题还没有解决?哪些重要的文件在你的研究中是必要的?不同的国际实体在这个问题上曾经采取了怎样的行动?这些实体现在采取什么样的方案?相关问题在你的国家中的影响范围?你所在的国家如何解决这些问题?你所在的国家希望联合国通过什么样的方式帮助你解决这些问题?
2、如何阅读背景指导每份背景指导都包括委员会简介(DescriptionoftheCommittee)介绍各委员会的历史、使命与运作方式(Explanationofthecommittee’shistorymandateandoperation)介绍(Introduction)关于议题的简要介绍(Abriefdescriptionofthetopicareas)背景Background关于议题更详尽的介绍,包括其历史、现状、原因、影响以及可能的解决方案(Moredetailedinformationonthetopicareasincludingcurrentsituationscauseseffectsandpossiblesolutions)国际社会曾采取过的行动PastInternationalActions历史上各个国家、联合国以及国际组织对该问题的反应及措施(ActionstakenbynationstheU.N.orotherinternationalbodiesinresponsetotheissue)关于决议的建议(RecommendationsforFormulatingaResolution)希望委员会所通过的决议中涵盖的各个方面(Expectationoftheaccomplishmentbythecommittee)值得思考的问题(QuestionstoConsider)在准备阶段,基于国家立场,应思考的问题在阅读过程中需要注意1.理解背景指导中所写的内容(Understandingwordsandpassages)2.找出你所代表国家的兴趣所在(Findingoutthefactsinterestingtoyourcountry)3.思考诸如下列的问题(Consideringquestionssuchas)问题是什么(Whatistheproblem)?它有什么样的影响(Whataretheeffects)?它的起因是什么(Whatarethecauses)?有什么方法可以解决(Whatarethepossiblesolutions)并在次基础上给出你自己的解答,因为背景指导是站在中立的角度写的,而代表应该从国家利益出发,得出结论国家基本情况(BasicCountryInformation)诸如文化、民族、地理位置与周边环境(特别需要了解邻国);环境、个人、组织与机构;权利、政府以及国际关系会议文件示例SamplePositionPaperDelegate(s):PanFangdiChenYilinSchool:ShenzhenHighSchoolCommittee:SecurityCouncilSponsors:TheRepublicofPeruTopic:SituationinSudanThecivilwarinSudanbetweentheArabMuslimpopulationinthenorthandthemostlyblackChristianpopulationinthesouthhaslastedfordecades.Withmorethantwomillionlivesclaimedandaroundsixmillionpeopleforcedtofleefromtheirhomessince1983anewcrisiswhichhasinvolvedagreaternumberofinnocentciviliansemergedinSudan’sDarfurregionturningouttobeoneofthemostserioushumanitariancrisesintheworldtoday.TheUnitedNationsSecurityCouncilhaspassedanumberofresolutionsinthepastfewyearsconcerningthesituationinSudan.FurthermoretheSecurityCouncilhasalsocalledforallUNmemberstates’contributiontotheAfricanUnionforcestosupportitsmandateinDarfurwhichaimsatensuringlastingpeace.Peru condemns allabusesofhumanrightsincludingthemurderingofcivilianstherapingofwomenandtheboundlesslootingofvaluables.Refugees’beingforcedtofleefromtheirmotherlandisalsoanactagainsthumanitarianism.Ontheotherhandtheprotestingwhichbroughtinstabilitiestothesocietyisconsideredillegalandtheprocedurestakentohandletheconflictarenomorethanrecklessandevanescentacting.Mostseriouslythereisaninclinationofthesecessionofthecountry.ForthepurposeofmaintaininglastingpeacePerusuggeststheUNproposeareforminSudaninordertobuildaGovernmentofNationalUnitywhichwillbeabletorepresentthepositionsofallwhoareconcernedanddividethebenefitsreasonablyandtransparently.PeruhaspointedtotheviolenceinDarfurasasituationthatdemandstheUN’sprotectionofcivilians.Weurgeceasefireandtheabusesofhumanrightsarestronglysuggestedtocometoahalt.PeruwouldliketheUNanditsmemberstatestoassisttheGovernmentofNationalUnityinSudaninraisingfundsfrommultiplesourcestorebuildthearea.PeruthinkstheSecurityCouncilshouldurgerelativepartiestoexecutepeaceagreementsandpromotepoliticalprocessinSudan.InaccordancewiththedisorderedandunsecuredconditioninDarfurthepeacetalkingbetweenthegovernmentandrebelgroupsinDarfurshouldbecontinueduntilanimprovedDarfurPeaceAgreementismadetoleadtolastingceasefireandtoguaranteethesecurityinDarfurregion.OntheotherhandTriballeadersinthisregionshouldbeinvolvedinthepeaceprocesssothattheirpropositionandinterestscanbetakenintoaccounttomakethefinalagreementmoreacceptable.FinancialaidandsubsistentaidaswellashumanitarianaidfromtheUnitedNationsandAfricanUnionisurged.Theprovidingofsocialservicessuchasutilitiesandfacilitiesincludinghospitalsschoolsandhouseholdsupports,ishighlyneeded.TheunitedmilitaryforcewhichissupposedtobethemainfactorofmoderatingtheclimateoftheregionsentbytheUNandAUisurgedtode-escalatetheviolationinDarfur.DependingonthemutualcooperationbetweentheUNandtheSudanesegovernmentafurtherdiscussionshouldbemadeonimposingsanction.PeruhasapprovedsixUNresolutionsconcerningthesituationofSudanIssue.ThePerugovernmentisalsocontributingtopeaceactionsincooperationwithothermemberstateswhichhaveshowndistincteffortonupholdingthestabilityinDarfurregion.MoreoverPeruiswillingtosupportcertainhumanitarianandpeacekeepingactionsorderedbytheUNinSudan.PerurespectsthesovereigntyoftheSudanesegovernmentandwefirmlybelievethattheconflictwillbeeffectivelysettledwiththejointeffortsofallmemberstatesintheSecurityCouncil.PeruhopesthatprogressleadingtotheresolutionofthecrisisinSudanwillbemadeinashortperiodoftimeandtheissueconcerningtheviolationofhumanrightswillberesolvedforthebenefitofallmankind.立场文件范例学校深圳中学国家刚果民主共和国委员会联合国环境规划署议题全球气候变暖的应对代表李贝羽贾益群全球化进程加速,世界范围内各地区的联系日益紧密在各国寻求发展的同时,全球气候变暖已经成为了人们不可忽视的问题,环境与生态问题严重影响了我们的工作与生活,全球气候变暖与温室气体排放将成为我们新时期联合国讨论、应对以及有待解决的问题全球变暖是指全球气温升高近一百多年来,全球平均气温经历了冷-暖-冷-暖两次波动,总体为上升趋势全球变暖的主要原因是人类在近一个世纪以来大量使用矿物燃料,排放大量的温室气体全球变暖的后果,会使全球降水量重新分配,冰川和冻土消融,海平面上升等,既危害自然生态系统的平衡,更威胁人类的食物供应和居住环境贝兹在进行了地表水模拟试验后发现,这种影响将会使地表水在下个世纪上升约10%,是空气变暖效应的10倍,使地球含水量增多,这一点已经严重影响了刚果民主共和国,该地区的土壤中的水1a上升了6cm 1988年11月,联合国大会已做出决议要积极治理大气污染,研究把二氧化碳转化成其他物质,防止甲烷、氯氟烃等气体的气溢其次,要保护好现有树林,大力植树造林,使大气中的二氧化碳通过光合作用转化成营养物质最后,还要用各种途径减少矿物能源的总消耗,尽量采用核能\太阳能\风能,以减少二氧化碳的排放 联合国在《京都议定书》中指出,缔约方必须逐步减少和逐步消除温室气体排放美国也在近期提出过关于二氧化碳排放的新的解决方式(二氧化碳排入地下),可是,这个刻不容缓的问题会对许多国家和地区造成较大的影响,要想在短期内使气候变暖问题得到缓解,也许力度还稍有欠缺刚果敦促各大国,遵照与联合国签订的条约上的各项条款,支持联合国环境规划署的各项建设,调整并制定具体措施,以改善全球环境刚果敦促各缔约国能够尽可能的减少二氧化碳、甲烷、氯氟烃等气体的排放量,以减少大气污染所造成的生态失衡与破坏刚果希望在能在一些国家的协助下,保护好刚果的森林资源,从而能更好地发展经济;并且希望各国能从现在开始严格限制污染物的排放量;与此同时,刚果也希望与一些乐意与刚果合作的国家达成共识,积极配合其他国家开发清洁能源,尽快解决气体污染问题;刚果将协助联合国制订合理的法律来遏制破坏环境的行为;实施恰当的修复措施来改善环境等等,并与世界各国各地区积极合作,支持联合国的计划与行动并且处理好环境与刚果经济发展之间的关系刚果是一个自然资源丰富的国家,维护其现有环境,保护国际环境更是刚果政府和联合国各常任理事国的天职刚果建议,在尽可能短时间内控制污染的进一步扩散,维持全世界各岛屿国家、各保护区的生态环境安全,希望各个国家能积极配合,提供新技术新能源,为控制全球变暖而努力刚果民主共和国相信在国际社会的努力下,在世界各国的积极合作下,能够更好地解决全球气候变暖的问题,同时也实现各国之间的交流与发展在此,刚果民主共和国由衷地向联合国联合国环境规划署以及各成员国的配合表示感谢!SampleWorkingPaperWorkingPaperCommittee:SecurityCouncilSponsors:ChinaRussiaPeruQatarArgentinaGreeceGhanaCongo
1.AsksfortheSudanesegovernmentandtherebelgroupsandmilitiasexistinginSudanforaceasefireinthreephases:a.AtemporaryceasefiremadebytheSudanesegovernment;b.AsummitheldandguidedbyAUandUNfortheSudanesegovernmentandtherebelgroupsintheconditionofceasefire;c.Along-lastingceasefireaccordingtoagreementsachievedthesummit;
2.RespectsthedomesticjurisdictionsofSudanandallothernations;
3.CallsuponSudantosubmitareporttwiceayeartoreporttheprogressanddevelopmentmadebySudan;
4.EncouragesthedeploymentoftheexistingUNandAUforcesinSudantothebordersinordertosecurethemandtrytodecreasethegrowthoftheblackmarket.工作文件范例工作文件委员会麻醉药品委员会起草国德国,法国,缅甸,墨西哥,智利,苏丹建立“世界缉毒人员及缉毒犬培训基地”
1、向世界各国提供专业的缉毒人员培训a、世界缉毒人员及缉毒犬培训基地(以下简称培训基地)从属于联合国禁毒署b、各国可派缉毒人员到培训基地接受培训,须向培训基地缴纳学费学费的具体数目由联合国经济与社会理事会经讨论协商确定c、培训基地内设审议处,对培训人员的资格进行审议并监督其进行培训审议处有权向联合国禁毒署提出申请,取消不能合格进行培训工作的人员的培训资格审议处的成员由联合国禁毒署指派d、培训人员由各国向联合国推荐,经过联合国禁毒署考察方能确定其资格e、培训基地的位置将由联合国禁毒署经讨论调查后确定
2、向世界各国提供训练有素的缉毒犬a、各国可从培训基地购买训练有素的缉毒犬,以增强国家对于毒品走私及偷运过境的打击力度b、购买缉毒犬的国家需派人数大于或等于所购买缉毒犬数量的缉毒人员到培训基地进行不少于一个月的随犬训练以保证缉毒犬与缉毒人员的正常合作SampleDraftDirectiveDraftDirectiveCommittee:SecurityCouncilSponsors:ChinaFranceJapanRussiaUKUSSignatories:ArgentinaCongoGreecePeruSlovakiaQatarTheSecurityCouncil
1.DemandsthatSudan’sneighboringnationsopenborderstoletSudaneseearthquakerefugeesinandprovidesheltersandmedicalhelpsunderUNguidelines;
2.DemandsthattheSudanesegovernmentensurethesafetyofallUNpersonnelandequipments;
3.FurtherproclaimsthattheSudanesegovernmenttracetheorganization/individualsresponsibleforthekidnapwithinfivedays;
4.AffirmsthatifthecontentsofthetwopreviousclausescouldnotbeaccordinglycarriedoutbytheSudanesegovernmenttheUNpreserveitsrightstotakefurtheraction;
5.Demandsthatallthesemeasuresbecarriedoutimmediately.指令范例指令委员会安全理事会起草国中国,法国,日本,俄罗斯,英国,美国附议国阿根廷,刚果,希腊,秘鲁,斯洛伐克,卡塔尔安全理事会,
1、要求苏丹周边国家,在联合国指导下,为苏丹地震难民开放边界,并为难民提供避难所以及医疗服务;
2、要求苏丹政府确保联合国相关人员及设备的安全;
3、进一步强调苏丹政府必须在五天之内追踪应对绑架事件负责的组织或个人;
4、明确苏丹政府如果不能履行之前两则条款中的内容,联合国保留采取进一步行动的权利;
5、要求以上所有措施立即执行SampleDraftResolutionDraftresolutionCommittee:SecurityCouncilTopic:SituationinSudanSponsors:ChinaRussiaFederationPeruSignatories:THESECURITYCOUNCILRecallingitspreviousresolutionsinparticularresolutions17092006of22September200617062006of31August200616792006of16May200616632006of24March200616532006of27January200616272005of23September2005and15902005of24March2005andthestatementsofitsPresidentinparticularthatof3February2006concerningthesituationintheSudanReaffirmingitscommitmenttothesovereigntyunityindependenceterritorialintegrityanddomesticjurisdictionsoftheSudanandtothecauseofpeaceRecallingalsoitspreviousresolutions13252000onwomenpeaceandsecurity15022003ontheprotectionofhumanitarianandUnitedNationspersonnel16122005onchildrenandarmedconflictand16742006ontheprotectionofciviliansinarmedconflictsWelcomingtheimprovinghumanitariansituationinsouthernSudanresultingfromprogressonimplementationoftheComprehensivePeaceAgreement
1.UrgestheinternationalcommunityincludingUNmemberstatesandNGOstoprovidematerialaidintheformoffoodmedicineswatersanitationandothersubstantialaidsdirectlytotheSudaneserefugeesandIDPswiththepermissionandcooperationoftheSudanesegovernment;
2.OntheconditionthatnomoreconflictorcrisisbreakoutUNsuggeststheexpansionoftheobligationsofUNMISwithouttheentryofmoretroopsby:
1.ensuringthesecurityofthehumanitarianworkersandIDPsandprohibitingtheattacksandharassmentfromthegovernmenttroopspoliceandJanjaweed;
2.cooperatingwiththeInternationalCrimeCourtICCtopenalizetheperpetratorsviolatingtherelevanthumanitariantreatiesandhinderingthehumanitarianworks;
3.AuthorizesdiplomatsofthevariouscountriesinvolvedtovisitSudanandconfirmwhethertheaidhasbeenprovidedproperly;
4.UrgestheSudanesegovernmenttocooperatewithUNMIStoprotectthehumanitarianworkers;
5.CallsupontheSudanesegovernmenttherebelgroupsandmilitiasexistinginSudanforaceasefireinthefollowingclauses:
1.UrgestheSudanesegovernmenttoacceleratetheprocessofopentalkswiththerebelgroupsontheceasefirewhileAUandUNpreservetherightofdispatchingobservers.决议草案范例委员会麻醉药品委员会议题反毒工作中的国际合作起草国中国,德国,法国,哈萨克斯坦附议国缅甸,墨西哥,智利,秘鲁,赞比亚,马来西亚,老挝,泰国,越南,韩国,西班牙,瑞典麻醉药品委员会,回顾1961年《麻醉品单一公约》、经1972年议定书修正的该公约、1971年《精神药物公约》和1988年《联合国禁止非法贩运麻醉药品和精神药物公约》,回顾非洲联盟部长级会议在毛里求斯发表的一份令人震惊的报告,认为非洲毒品问题已经到了危害社会、经济和政治稳定的程度,强调确保国际药物管制条约的完整性的头等重要性,
1、敦促对联合国药物管制署基金会进行改进,主要用于对毒品种植所在地及受毒品中转危害的地区进行资金援助,并帮助指导当地政府改善国内经济状况,以保证在毒品根除后的替代性发展中能够保证国家经济稳定发展;
2、呼吁各国因地制宜支援各人力、物力、财力、设备、技术力量欠缺的地区的禁毒斗争;
3、鼓励债权国进一步减免债务国的对外债务;
4、欢迎各力所能及的国家从其他渠道为反毒活动提供支援;
5、建议优化联合国范围内全球毒品信息监控系统
6、鼓励毒品作物种植国周边国家以及发达国家为种植国输出的替代性作物的产品提供市场,并制订相关优惠政策,如减免关税;
7、恳请各国尊重传统的对麻醉药品作物的消费及用于医疗的目的;
8、鼓励各国拓宽毒品种植区替代性作物的种类以及替代性发展的产业;
9、吁请各国加强对其他毒品交易环节的打击,使毒品各个环节的交易市场萎缩,为替代性发展的真正落实提供良好的环境附录联合国宪章介绍性说明联合国宪章是1945年6月26日联合国国际组织会议结束时在旧金山签字的,于1945年10月24日生效国际法院规约是宪章的组成部分 宪章第
二十三、第二十七和第六十一条的修正案由大会于1963年12月17日通过,于1965年8月31日生效第六十一条的进一步修正案由大会于1971年12月20日通过,于1973年9月24日生效第一百零九条修正案由大会于1965年12月20日通过,于1968年6月12日生效 第二十三条修正案将安全理事会成员自十一国增至十五国第二十七条修正案规定安全理事会关于程序事项的决定应由九个理事国(原先为七个)的可决票作出,关于一切其他事项的决定则由九个理事国(原先为七个)的可决票,其中包括安全理事会五个常任理事国的同意票作出 第六十一条修正案于1965年8月31日生效,将经济及社会理事会的成员自十八国增至二十七国该条的进一步修正案于1973年9月24日生效,将经社理事会的成员自二十七国增至五十四国 第一百零九条修正案是修正该条第一项,规定会员国为审查本宪章,得以大会会员国三分二之表决,经安全理事会任何九个理事国(原先为七个)之表决,确定日期及地点举行全体会议第一百零九条第三项涉及大会第十届常会期间可能举行审查会议的问题,仍然保留原来的行文“安全理事会任何七个理事国之表决”,1955年大会第十届常会和安全理事会根据该项规定采取了行动序言我联合国人民同兹决心 欲免后世再遭今代人类两度身历惨不堪言之战祸, 重申基本人权,人格尊严与价值,以及男女与大小各国平等权利之信念, 创造适当环境,俾克维持正义,尊重由条约与国际法其他渊源而起之义务,久而弗懈, 促成大自由中之社会进步及较善之民生,并为达此目的 力行容恕,彼此以善邻之道,和睦相处, 集中力量,以维持国际和平及安全, 接受原则,确立方法,以保证非为公共利益,不得使用武力, 运用国际机构,以促成全球人民经济及社会之进展,用是发愤立志,务当同心协力,以竟厥功 爰由我各本国政府,经齐集金山市之代表各将所奉全权证书,互相校阅,均属妥善,议定本联合国宪章,并设立国际组织,定名联合国第一章宗旨及原则第一条 联合国之宗旨为
一、维持国际和平及安全;并为此目的采取有效集体办法,以防止且消除对于和平之威胁,制止侵略行为或其他和平之破坏;并以和平方法且依正义及国际法之原则,调整或解决足以破坏和平之国际争端或情势
二、发展国际间以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为根据之友好关系,并采取其他适当办法,以增强普遍和平
三、促成国际合作,以解决国际间属于经济、社会、文化及人类福利性质之国际问题,且不分种族、性别、语言或宗教,增进并激励对于全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重
四、构成一协调各国行动之中心,以达成上述共同目的第二条 为求实现第一条所述各宗旨起见,本组织及其会员国应遵行下列原则
一、本组织系基于备会员国主权平等之原则
二、各会员国应一秉善意,履行其依本宪章所担负之义务,以保证全体会员国由加入本组织而发生之权益
三、各会员国应以和平方法解决其国际争端,俾免危及国际和平、安全及正义
四、各会员国在其国际关系上不得使用威胁或武力,或以与联合国宗旨不符之任何其他方法,侵害任何会员国或国家之领土完整或政治独立
五、各会员国对于联合国依本宪章规定而采取之行动,应尽力予以协助,联合国对于任何国家正在采取防止或执行行动时,各会员国对该国不得给予协助
六、本组织在维持国际和平及安全之必要范围内,应保证非联合国会员国遵行上述原则
七、本宪章不得认为授权联合国干涉在本质上属于任何国家国内管辖之事件,且并不要求会员国将该项事件依本宪章提请解决;但此项原则不妨碍第七章内执行办法之适用第二章会员第三条 凡曾经参加金山联合国国际组织会议或前此曾签字于一九四二年一月一日联合国宣言之国家,签订本宪章,且依宪章第一百一十条规定而予以批准者,均为联合国之创始会员国第四条
一、凡其他爱好和平之国家,接受本宪章所载之义务,经本组织认为确能并愿意履行该项义务者,得为联合国会员国
二、准许上述国家为联合国会员国,将由大会经安全理事会之推荐以决议行之第五条 联合国会员国,业经安全理事会对其采取防止或执行行动者,大会经安全理事会之建议,得停止其会员权利及特权之行使此项权利及特权之行使,得由安全理事会恢复之第六条 联合国之会员国中,有屡次违犯本宪章所载之原则者,大会经安全理事会之建议,得将其由本组织除名第三章机关第七条
一、兹设联合国之主要机关如下 大会 安全理事会 经济及社会理事会 托管理事会 国际法院 及秘书处
二、联合国得依本宪章设立认为必需之辅助机关第八条 联合国对于男女均得在其主要及辅助机关在平等条件之下,充任任何职务,不得加以限制第四章大会组织第九条
一、大会由联合国所有会员国组织之
二、每一会员国在大会之代表,不得超过五人职权第十条 大会得讨论本宪章范围内之任何问题或事项,或关于本宪章所规定任何机关之职权;并除第十二条所规定外,得向联合国会员国或安全理事会或兼向两者,提出对各该问题或事项之建议第十一条
一、大会得考虑关于维持国际和平及安全之合作之普通原则,包括军缩及军备管制之原则;并得向会员国或安全理事会或兼向两者提出对于该项原则之建议
二、大会得讨论联合国任何会员国或安全理事会或非联合国会员国依第三十五条第二项之规定向大会所提关于维持国际和平及安全之任何问题;除第十二条所规定外,并得向会员国或安全理事会或兼向两者提出对于各该项问题之建议凡对于需要行动之备该项问题,应由大会于讨论前或讨诊后提交安全理事会
三、大会对于足以危及国际和平与安全之情势,得提请安全理事会注意
四、本条所载之大会权力并不限制第十条之概括范围第十二条
一、当安全理事会对于任何争端或情势,正在执行本宪章所授予该会之职务时,大会非经安全理事会请求,对于该项争端或情势,不得提出任何建议
二、秘书长经安全理事会之同意,应于大会每次会议时,将安全理事会正在处理中关于维持国际和平及安全之任何事件,通知大会;于安全理事会停止处理该项事件时,亦应立即通知大会,或在大会闭会期内通知联合国会员国第十三条
一、大会应发动研究,并作成建议子以促进政治上之国际合作,并提倡国际法之逐渐发展与编纂丑以促进经济、社会、文化、教育及卫生各部门之国际合作,且不分种族、性别、语言或宗教,助成全体人类之人权及基本自由之实现
二、大会关于本条第一项丑款所列事项之其他责任及职权,于第九章及第十章中规定之第十四条 大会对于其所认为足以妨害国际间公共福利或友好关系之任何情势,不论其起原如何,包括由违反本宪章所载联合国之宗旨及原则而起之情势,得建议和平调整办法,但以不违背第十二条之规定为限第十五条
一、大会应收受并审查安全理事会所送之常年及特别报告;该项报告应载有安全理事会对于维持国际和平及安全所已决定或施行之办法之陈述
二、大会应收受并审查联合国其他机关所送之报告第十六条 大会应执行第十二章及第十三章所授予关于国际托管制度之职务,包括关于非战略防区托管协定之核准第十七条
一、大会应审核本组织之预算
二、本组织之经费应由各会员国依照大会分配限额担负之
三、大会应审核经与第五十七条所指各种专门机关订定之任何财政及预算办法,井应审查该项专门机关之行政预算,以便向关系机关提出建议投票第十八条
一、大会之每一会员国,应有一个投票权
二、大会对于重要问题之决议应以到会及投票之会员国三分之二多数决定之此项问题应包括关于维持国际和平及安全之建议,安全理事会非常任理事国之选举,经济及社会理事会理事国之选举,依第八十六条第一项寅款所规定托管理事会理事国之选举,对于新会员国加入联合国之准许,会员国权利及特权之停止,会员国之除名,关于施行托管制度之问题,以及预算问题
三、关于其他问题之决议,包括另有何种事项应以三分之二多数决定之问题,应以到会及投票之会员国过半数决定之第十九条 凡拖欠本组织财政款项之会员国,其拖欠数目如等于或超过前两年所应缴纳之数目时,即丧失其在大会投票权大会如认拖欠原因,确由于该会员国无法控制之情形者,得准许该会员国投票程序第二十条 大会每年应举行常会,并于必要时,举行特别会议特别会议应由秘书长经安全理事会或联合国会员国过半数之请求召集之第二十一条 大会应自行制定其议事规则大会应选举每次会议之主席第二十二条 大会得设立其认为于行使职务所必需之辅助机关第五章安全理事会组织第二十三条
一、安全理事会以联合国十五会员国组织之中华民国、法兰西、苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国及美利坚合众国应为安全理事会常任理事国大会应选举联合国其他十会员国为安全理事会非常任理事国,选举时首宜充分斟酌联合国各会员国于维持国际和平与安全及本组织其余备宗旨上之贡献,并宜充分斟酌地域上之公匀分配
二、安全理事会非常任理事国任期定为二年安全理事会理事国自十一国增至十五国后第一次选举非任理事国时,所增四国中两国之任期应为一年任满之理事国不得即行连选
三、安全理事会每一理事国应有代表一人职权第二十四条
一、为保证联合国行动迅速有效起见,各会员国将维持国际和平及安全之主要责任,授予安全理事会,并同意安全理事会于履行此项责任下之职务时,即系代表各会员国
二、安全理事会于履行此项职务时,应遵照联合国之宗旨及原则为履行此项职务而授予安全理事会之特定权力,于本宪章第六章、第七章、第八章及第十二章内规定之
三、安全理事会应将常年报告、并于必要时将特别报告,提送大会审查第二十五条 联合国会员国同意依宪章之规定接受并履行安全理事会之决议第二十六条 为促进国际和平及安全之建立及维持,以尽量减少世界人力及经济资源之消耗于军备起见,安全理事会借第四十七条所指之军事参谋团之协助,应负责拟具方案,提交联合国会员国,以建立军备管制制度投票第二十七条
一、安全理事会每一理事国应有一个投票权
二、安全理事会关于程序事项之决议,应以九理事国之可决票表决之
三、安全理事会对于其他一切事项之决议,应以九理事国之可决票包括全体常任理事国之同意票表决之;但对于第六章及第五十二条第三项内备事项之决议,争端当事国不得投票程序第二十八条
一、安全理事会之组织,应以使其能继续不断行使职务为要件为此目的,安全理事会之各理事国应有常驻本组织会所之代表
二、安全理事会应举行定期会议,每一理事国认为合宜时得派政府大员或其他特别指定之代表出席
三、在本组织会所以外,安全理事会得在认为最能便利其工作之其他地点举行会议第二十九条 安全理事会得设立其认为于行使职务所必需之辅助机关第三十条 安全理事会应自行制定其议事规则,包括其推选主席之方法第三十一条 在安全理事会提出之任何问题,经其认为对于非安全理事会理事国之联合国任何会员国之利益有特别关系时,该会员国得参加讨论,但无投票权第三十二条 联合国会员国而非为安全理事会之理事国,或非联合国会员国之国家,如于安全理事会考虑中之争端为当事国者,应被邀参加关于该项争端之讨论,但无投票权安全理事会应规定其所认为公平之条件,以便非联合国会员国之国家参加第六章争端之和平解决第三十三条
一、任何争端之当事国,于争端之继续存在足以危及国际和平与安全之维持时,应尽先以谈判、调查、调停、和解、公断、司法解决、区域机关或区域办法之利用,或各该国自行选择之其他和平方法,求得解决
二、安全理事会认为必要时,应促请各当事国以此项方法,解决其争端第三十四条 安全理事会得调查任何争端或可能引起国际磨擦或惹起争端之任何情势,以断定该项争端或情势之继续存在是否足以危及国际和平与安全之维持第三十五条
一、联合国任何会员国得将属于第三十四条所指之性质之任何争端或情势,提请安全理事会或大会注意
二、非联合国会员国之国家如为任何争端之当事国时,经预先声明就该争端而言接受本宪章所规定和平解决之义务后,得将该项争端,提请大会或安全理事会注意
三、大会关于按照本条所提请注意事项之进行步骤,应遵守第十一条及第十二条之规定第三十六条
一、属于第三十三条所指之性质之争端或相似之情势,安全理事会在任何阶段,得建议适当程序或调整方法
二、安全理事会对于当事国为解决争端业经采取之任何程序,理应予以考虑
三、安全理事会按照本条作成建议时,同时理应注意见具有法律性质之争端,在原则上,理应由当事国依国际法院规约之规定提交国际法院第三十七条
一、属于第三十三条所指之性质之争端,当事国如未能依该条所示方法解决时,应将该项争端提交安全理事会
二、安全理事会如认为该项争端之继续存在,在事实上足以危及国际和平与安全之维持时,应决定是否当依第三十六条采取行动或建议其所认为适当之解决条件第三十八条 安全理事会如经所有争端当事国之请求,得向各当事国作成建议,以求争端之和平解决,但以不妨碍第三十三条至第三十七条之规定为限第七章对于和平之威胁、和平之破坏及侵略行为之应付办法第三十九条 安全理事会应断定任何和平之威胁、和平之破坏或侵略行为之是否存在,并应作成建议或抉择依第四十一条及第四十二条规定之办法,以维持或恢复国际和平及安全第四十条 为防止情势之恶化,安全理事会在依第三十九条规定作成建议或决定办法以前,得促请关系当事国遵行安全理事会所认为必要或合宜之临时办法此项临时办法并不妨碍关系当事国之权利、要求或立场安全理事会对于不遵行此项临时办法之情形,应予适当注意第四十一条 安全理事会得决定所应采武力以外之办法,以实施其决议,并得促请联合国会员国执行此项办法此项办法得包括经济关系、铁路、海运、航空、邮、电、无线电及其他交通工具之局部或全部停止,以及外交关系之断绝第四十二条 安全理事会如认第四十一条所规定之办法为不足或已经证明为不足时,得采取必要之空海陆军行动,以维持或恢复国际和平及安全此项行动得包括联合国会员国之空海陆军示威、封锁及其他军事举动第四十三条
一、联合国各会员国为求对于维持国际和平及安全有所贡献起见,担任于安全理事会发令时,并依特别协定,供给为维持国际和平及安全所必需之军队、协助及便利,包括过境权
二、此项特别协定应规定军队之数目及种类,其准备程度及一般驻扎地点,以及所供便利及协助之性质
三、此项特别协定应以安全理事会之主动,尽速议订此项协定应由安全理事会与会员国或由安全理事会与若干会员国之集团缔结之,并由签字国各依其宪法程序批准之第四十四条 安全理事会决定使用武力时,于要求非安全理事会会员国依第四十三条供给军队以履行其义务之前,如经该会员国请求,应请其遣派代表,参加安全理事会关于使用其军事部队之决议第四十五条 为使联合国能采取紧急军事办法起见,会员国应将其本国空军部队为国际共同执行行动随时供给调遣此项部队之实力与准备之程度,及其共同行动之计划,应由安全理事会以军事参谋团之协助,在第四十三条所指之特别协定范围内决定之第四十六条 武力使用之计划应由安全理事会以军事参谋团之协助决定之第四十七条
一、兹设立军事参谋团,以便对于安全理事会维持国际和平及安全之军事需要问题,对于受该会所支配军队之使用及统率问题,对于军备之管制及可能之军缩问题,向该会贡献意见并予以协助
二、军事参谋团应由安全理事会各常任理事国之参谋总长或其代表组织之联合国任何会员国在该团未有常任代表者,如于该团责任之履行在效率上必需该国参加其工作时,应由该团邀请参加
三、军事参谋团在安全理事会权力之下,对于受该会所支配之任何军队,负战略上之指挥责任;关于该项军队之统率问题,应待以后处理
四、军事参谋团,经安全理事会之授权,并与区域内有关机关商议后、得设立区域分团第四十八条
一、执行安全理事会为维持国际和平及安全之决议所必要之行动,应由联合国全体会员国或由若干会员国担任之,一依安全理事会之决定
二、此顷决议应由联合国会员国以其直接行动及经其加入为会员之有关国际机关之行动履行之第四十九条 联合国会员国应通力合作,彼此协助,以执行安全理事会所决定之办法第五十条 安全理事会对于任何国家采取防止或执行办法时,其他国家,不论其是否为联合国会员国,遇有因此项办法之执行而引起之特殊经济问题者,应有权与安全理事会会商解决此项问题第五十一条 联合国任何会员国受武力攻击时,在安全理事会采取必要办法,以维持国际和平及安全以前,本宪章不得认为禁止行使单独或集体自卫之自然权利会员国因行使此项自卫权而采取之办法,应立向安全理事会报告,此项办法于任何方面不得影响该会按照本宪章随时采取其所认为必要行动之权责,以维持或恢复国际和平及安全第八章区域办法第五十二条
一、本宪章不得认为排除区域办法或区域机关、用以应付关于维持国际和平及安全而宜于区域行动之事件者;但以此项办法或机关及其工作与联合国之宗旨及原则符合者为限
二、缔结此项办法或设立此项机关之联合国会员国,将地方争端提交安全理事会以前,应依该项区域办法,或由该项区域机关,力求和平解决
三、安全理事会对于依区域办法或由区域机关而求地方争端之和平解决,不论其系由关系国主动,或由安全理事会提交者,应鼓励其发展
四、本条绝不妨碍第三十四条及第三十五条之适用第五十三条
一、安全理事会对于职权内之执行行动,在适当情形下,应利用此项区域办法或区域机关如无安全理事会之授权,不得依区域办法或由区域机关采取任何执行行动;但关于依第一百零七条之规定对付本条第二顷所指之任何敌国之步骤,或在区域办法内所取防备此等国家再施其侵略政策之步骤,截至本组织经各关系政府之请求,对于此等国家之再次侵略,能担负防止责任时为止,不在此限
二、本条第一项所称敌国系指第二次世界大战中为本宪章任何签字国之敌国而言第五十四条 关于为维持国际和平及安全起见,依区域办法或由区域机关所已采取或正在考虑之行动,不论何时应向安全理事会充分报告之第九章国际经济及社会台作第五十五条 为造成国际间以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为根据之和平友好关系所必要之安定及福利条件起见,联合国应促进子较高之生活程度,全民就业,及经济与社会进展丑国际间经济、社会、卫生及有关问题之解决;国际间文化及教育合作寅全体人类之人权及基本自由之普遍尊重与遵守,不分种族、性别、语言或宗教第五十六条 各会员国担允采取共同及个别行动与本组织合作,以达成第五十五条所载之宗旨第五十七条
一、由各国政府间协定所成立之各种专门机关,依其组织约章之规定,于经济、社会、文化、教育、卫生及其他有关部门负有广大国际责任者,应依第六十三条之规定使与联合国发生关系
二、上述与联合国发生关系之各专门机关,以下简称专门机关第五十八条 本组织应作成建议,以调整各专门机关之政策及工作第五十九条 本组织应于适当情形下,发动各关系国间之谈判,以创设为达成第五十五条规定宗旨所必要之新专门机关第六十条 履行本章所载本组织职务之责任,属于大会及大会权力下之经济及社会理事会为此目的,该理事会应有第十章所载之权力第十章经济及社会理事会组织第六十一条
一、经济及社会理事会由大会选举联合国五十四会员国组织之
二、除第三项所规定外,经济及社会理事会每年选举理事九国,任期三年任满之理事国得即行连选
三、经济及社会理事会理事国自十八国增至二十七国后第一次选举时,除选举理事六国接替任期在该年年终届满之理事国外,应另增选理事九国’增选之理事九国中,三国任期一年,另三国任期二年,一依大会所定办法
四、经济及社会理事会之每一理事国应有代表一人职权第六十二条
一、经济及社会理事会得作成或发动关于国际经济、社会、文化、教育、卫生及其他有关事项之研究及报告;并得向大会、联合国会员国及关系专门机关提出关于此种事项之建议案
二、本理事会为增进全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重及维护起见,得作成建议案
三、本理事会得拟具关于其职权范围内事项之协约草案,提交大会
四、本理事会得依联合国所定之规则召集本理事会职务范围以内事项之国际会议第六十三条
一、经济及社会理事会得与第五十七条所指之任何专门机关订立协定,订明关系专门机关与联合国发生关系之条件该项协定须经大会之核准
二、本理事会,为调整各种专门机关之工作,得与此种机关会商并得向其提出建议,并得向大会及联合国会员国建议第六十四条
一、经济及社会理事会得取适当步骤,以取得专门机关之经常报告本理事会得与联合国会员国及专门机关商定办法,俾就实施本理事会之建议及大会对于本理事会职权范围内事项之建议所采之步骤,取得报告
二、本理事会得将对于此项报告之意见提送大会第六十五条 经济及社会理事会得向安全理事会供给情报,并因安全理事会之邀请,予以协助第六十六条
一、经济及社会理事会应履行其职权范围内关于执行大会建议之职务
二、经大会之许可,本理事会得应联合国会员国或专门机关之请求,供其服务
三、本理事会应履行本宪章他章所特定之其他职务,以及大会所授予之职务投票第六十七条
一、经济及社会理事会每一理事国应有一个投票权
二、本理事会之决议,应以到会及投票之理事国过半数表决之程序第六十八条 经济及社会理事会应设立经济与社会部门及以提倡人权为目的之各种委员会,并得设立于行使职务所必需之其他委员会第六十九条 经济及社会理事会应请联合国会员国参加讨论本理事会对于该国有特别关系之任何事件,但无投票权第七十条 经济及社会理事会得商定办法使专门机关之代表无投票权而参加本理事会及本理事会所设备委员会之讨论,或使本理事会之代表参加此项专门机关之讨论第七十一条 经济及社会理事会得采取适当办法,俾与各种非政府组织会商有关于本理事会职权范围内之事件此项办法得与国际组织商定之,关于适当情形下,经与关系联合国会员国会商后,得与该国国内组织商定之第七十二条
一、经济及社会理事会应自行制定其议事规则,包括其推选主席之方法
二、经济及社会理事会应依其规则举行必要之会议此项规则应包括因理事国过半数之请求而召集会议之条款第十一章关于非自治领土之宣言第七十三条 联合国各会员国,于其所负有或担承管理责任之领土,其人民尚未臻自治之充分程度者,承认以领土居民之福利为至上之原则,并接受在本宪章所建立之国际和平及安全制度下,以充量增进领土居民福利之义务为神圣之信托,且为此目的子于充分尊重关系人民之文化下,保证其政治、经济、社会及教育之进展,予以公平待遇,且保障其不受虐待丑按各领土及其人民特殊之环境、及其进化之阶段,发展自治;对各该人民之政治愿望,予以适当之注意;并助其自由政治制度之逐渐发展寅促进国际和平及安全卵提倡建设计划,以求进步;奖励研究;各国彼此合作,并于适当之时间及场合与专门国际团体合作,以求本条所载社会、经济及科学目的之实现辰在不违背安全及宪法之限制下,按时将关于各会员国分别负责管理领土内之经济、社会及教育情形之统计及具有专门性质之情报,递送秘书长,以供参考本宪章第十二章及第十三章所规定之领土,不在此限第七十四条 联合国各会员国共同承诺对于本章规定之领土,一如对于本国区域,其政策必须以善邻之道奉为圭泉;并于社会、经济及商业上,对世界各国之利益及幸福,予以充分之注意第十二章国际托管制度第七十五条 联合国在其权力下,应设立国际托管制度,以管理并监督凭此后个别协定而置于该制度下之领土此项领土以下简称托管领土第七十六条 按据本宪章第一条所载联合国之宗旨,托管制度之基本目的应为子促进国际和平及安全丑增进托管领土居民之政治、经济、社会及教育之进展;并以适合各领土及其人民之特殊情形及关系人民自由表示之愿望为原则,且按照各托管协定之条款,增进其趋向自治或独立之逐渐发展寅不分种族、性别、语言或宗教,提倡全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重,并激发世界人民互相维系之意识卯于社会、经济及商业事件上,保证联合国全体会员国及其国民之平等待遇,及各该国民于司法裁判上之平等待遇,但以不妨碍上述目的之达成,且不违背第八十条之规定为限第七十七条
一、托管制度适用于依托管协定所置于该制度下之下列各种类之领土子现在委任统治下之领土丑因第二次世界大战结果或将自敌国割离之领土寅负管理责任之国家自愿置于该制度下之领土
二、关于上列种类中之何种领土将置于托管制度之下,及其条件,为此后协定所当规定之事项第七十八条 凡领土已成为联合国之会员国者,不适用托管制度;联合国会员国间之关系,应基于尊重主权平等之原则第七十九条 置于托管制度下之每一领土之托管条款,及其更改或修正,应由直接关系各国、包括联合国之会员国而为委任统治地之受托国者,予以议定,其核准应依第八十三条及第八十五条之规定第八十条
一、除依第七十七条、第七十九条及第八十一条所订置各领土于托管制度下之个别托管协定另有议定外,并在该项协定未经缔结以前,本章任何规定绝对不得解释为以任何方式变更任何国家或人民之权利、或联合国会员国个别签订之现有国际约章之条款
二、本条第一项不得解释为对于依第七十七条之规定而订置委任统治地或其他领土于托管制度下之协定,授以延展商订之理由第八十一条 凡托管协定均应载有管理领土之条款,并指定管理托管领土之当局该项当局,以下简称管理当局,得为一个或数个国家,或为联合国本身第八十二条 于任何托管协定内,得指定一个或数个战略防区,包括该项协定下之托管领土之一部或全部,但该项协定并不妨碍依第四十三条而订立之任何特别协定第八十三条
一、联合国关于战略防区之各项职务,包括此项托管协定条款之核准、及其更改或修正,应由安全理事会行使之
二、第七十六条所规定之基本目的,适用于每一战略防区之人民
三、安全理事会以不违背托管协定之规定且不妨碍安全之考虑为限,应利用托管理事会之协助,以履行联合国托管制度下关于战略防区内之政治、经济、社会及教育事件之职务第八十四条 管理当局有保证托管领土对于维持国际和平及安全尽其本分之义务该当局为此目的得到用托管领土之志愿军、便利及协助,以履行该当局对于安全理事会所负关于此点之义务,并以实行地方自卫,且在托管领土内维持法律与秩序第八十五条
一、联合国关于一切非战略防区托管协定之职务,包括此项托管协定条款之核准及其更改或修正,应由大会行使之
二、托管理事会于大会权力下,应协助大会履行上述之职务第十三章托管理事会组织第八十六条
一、托管理事会应由下列联合国会员国组织之子管理托管领土之会员国丑第二十三条所列名之国家而现非管理托管领土者寅大会选举必要数额之其他会员国,任期三年,俾使托管理事会理事国之总数,于联合国会员国中之管理托管领土者及不管理者之间,得以平均分配
二、托管理事会之每一理事国应指定一特别合格之人员,以代表之职权第八十七条 大会及在其权力下之托管理事会于履行职务时得子审查管理当局所送之报告丑会同管理当局接受并审查请愿书寅与管理当局商定时间,按期视察各托管领土卯依托管协定之条款,采取上述其他行动第八十八条 托管理事会应拟定关于各托管领土居民之政治、经济、社会及教育进展之问题单;就大会职权范围内,各托管领土之管理当局应根据该项问题单向大会提出常年报告投票第八十九条
一、托管理事会之每一理事国应有一个投票权
二、托管理事会之决议应以到会及投票之理事国过半数表决之程序第九十条
一、托管理事会应自行制定其议事规则,包括其推选主席之方法
二、托管理事会应依其所定规则,举行必要之会议此项规则应包括关于经该会理事国过半数之请求而召集会议之规定第九十一条 托管理事会于适当时,应利用经济及社会理事会之协助,并对于各关系事项,利用专门机关之协助第十四章国际法院第九十二条 国际法院为联合国之主要司法机关,应依所附规约执行其职务该项规约系以国际常设法院之规约为根据并为本宪章之构成部分第九十三条
一、联合国各会员国为国际法院规约之当然当事国
二、非联合国会员国之国家得为国际法院规约当事国之条件,应由大会经安全理事会之建议就各别情形决定之第九十四条
一、联合国每一会员国为任何案件之当事国者,承诺遵行国际法院之判决
二、遇有一造不履行依法院判决应负之义务时,他造得向安全理事会申诉安全理事会如认为必要时,得作成建议或决定应采办法,以执行判决第九十五条 本宪章不得认为禁止联合国会员国依据现有或以后缔结之协定,将其争端托付其他法院解决第九十六条
一、大会或安全理事会对于任何法律问题得请国际法院发表咨询意见
二、联合国其他机关及各种专门机关,对于其工作范围内之任何法律问题,得随时以大会之授权,请求国际法院发表咨询意见第十五章秘书处第九十七条 秘书处置秘书长一人及本组织所需之办事人员若干人秘书长应由大会经安全理事会之推荐委派之秘书长为本组织之行政首长第九十八条 秘书长在大会、安全理事会、经济及社会理事会、及托管理事会之一切会议,应以秘书长资格行使职务,并应执行各该机关所托付之其他职务秘书长应向大会提送关于本组织工作之常年报告第九十九条 秘书长得将其所认为可能威胁国际和平及安全之任何事件,提请安全理事会注意第一百条
一、秘书长及办事人员于执行职务时,不得请求或接受本组织以外任何政府或其他当局之训示,并应避免足以妨碍其国际官员地位之行动秘书长及办事人员专对本组织负责
二、联合国各会员国承诺尊重秘书长及办事人员责任之专属国际性,决不设法影响其责任之履行第一百零一条
一、办事人员由秘书长依大会所定章程委派之
二、适当之办事人员应长期分配于经济及社会理事会、托管理事会,并于必要时,分配于联合国其他之机关此项办事人员构成秘书处之一部
三、办事人员之雇用及其服务条件之决定,应以求达效率、才干及忠诚之最高标准为首要考虑征聘办事人员时,于可能范围内,应充分注意地域上之普及第十六章杂项条款第一百零二条
一、本宪章发生效力后,联合国任何会员国所缔结之一切条约及国际协定应尽速在秘书处登记,并由秘书处公布之
二、当事国对于未经依本条第一项规定登记之条约或国际协定,不得向联合国任何机关援引之第一百零三条 联合国会员国在本宪章下之义务与其依任何其他国际协定所负之义务有冲突时,其在本宪章下之义务应居优先第一百零四条 本组织于每一会员国之领土内,应享受于执行其职务及达成其宗旨所必需之法律行为能力第一百零五条
一、本组织于每一会员国之领土内,应享受于达成其宗旨所必需之特权及豁兔
二、联合国会员国之代表及本组织之职员,亦应同样享受于其独立行使关于本组织之职务所必需之特权及豁免
三、为明定本条第一项及第二项之施行细则起见,大会得作成建议,或为此目的向联合国会员国提议协约第十七章过渡安全办法第一百零六条 在第四十三条所称之特别协定尚未生效,因而安全理事会认为尚不得开始履行第四十二条所规定之责任前,一九四三年十月三十日在莫斯科签订四国宣言之当事国及法兰西应依该宣言第五项之规定,互相洽商,并于必要时,与联合国其他会员国洽商,以代表本组织采取为维持国际和平及安全宗旨所必要之联合行动第一百零七条 本宪章并不取消或禁止负行动责任之政府对于在第二次世界大战中本宪章任何签字国之敌国因该次战争而采取或受权执行之行动第十八章修正第一百零八条 本宪章之修正案经大会会员国三分之二表决并由联合国会员国三分之
二、包括安全理事会全体常任理事国,各依其宪法程序批准后,对于联合国所有会员国发生效力第一百零九条
一、联合国会员国,为检讨本宪章,得以大会会员国三分之二表决,经安全理事会任何九理事国之表决,确定日期及地点举行全体会议联合国每一会员国在全体会议中应有一个投票权
二、全体会议以三分之二表决所建议对于宪章之任何更改,应经联合国会员国三分之
二、包括安全理事会全体常任理事国,各依其宪法程序批准后,发生效力
三、如于本宪章生效后大会第十届年会前,此项全体会议尚未举行时,应将召集全体会议之提议列入大会该届年会之议事日程;如得大会会员国过半数及安全理事会任何七理事国之表决,此项会议应即举行第十九章批准及签字第一百一十条
一、本宪章应由签字国各依其宪法程序批准之
二、批准书应交存美利坚合众国政府该国政府应于每一批准书交存时通知各签字国,如本组织秘书长业经委派时,并应通知秘书长
三、一俟美利坚合众国政府通知已有中华民国、法兰西、苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟、大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国与美利坚合众国以及其他签字国之过半数将批准书交存时,本宪章即发生效力美利坚合众国政府应拟就此项交存批准之议定书并将副本分送所有签字国
四、本宪章签字国于宪章发生效力后批准者,应自其各将批准书交存之日起为联合国之创始会员国第一百一十一条 本宪章应留存美利坚合众国政府之档库,其中、法、俄、英、及西文各本同一作准该国政府应将正式副本分送其他签字国政府 为此联合国各会员国政府之代表谨签字于本宪章,以昭信守公历一千九百四十五年六月二十六日签订于金山市IntroductoryNoteTheCharteroftheUnitedNationswassignedon26June1945inSanFranciscoattheconclusionoftheUnitedNationsConferenceonInternationalOrganizationandcameintoforceon24October
1945.TheStatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeisanintegralpartoftheCharter.AmendmentstoArticles2327and61oftheCharterwereadoptedbytheGeneralAssemblyon17December1963andcameintoforceon31August
1965.AfurtheramendmenttoArticle61wasadoptedbytheGeneralAssemblyon20December1971andcameintoforceon24September
1973.AnamendmenttoArticle109adoptedbytheGeneralAssemblyon20December1965cameintoforceon12June
1968.TheamendmenttoArticle23enlargesthemembershipoftheSecurityCouncilfromeleventofifteen.TheamendedArticle27providesthatdecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonproceduralmattersshallbemadebyanaffirmativevoteofninemembersformerlysevenandonallothermattersbyanaffirmativevoteofninemembersformerlysevenincludingtheconcurringvotesofthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.TheamendmenttoArticle61whichenteredintoforceon31August1965enlargedthemembershipoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilfromeighteentotwenty-seven.ThesubsequentamendmenttothatArticlewhichenteredintoforceon24September1973furtherincreasedthemembershipoftheCouncilfromtwenty-seventofifty-four.TheamendmenttoArticle109whichrelatestothefirstparagraphofthatArticleprovidesthataGeneralConferenceofMemberStatesforthepurposeofreviewingtheChartermaybeheldatadateandplacetobefixedbyatwo-thirdsvoteofthemembersoftheGeneralAssemblyandbyavoteofanyninemembersformerlysevenoftheSecurityCouncil.Paragraph3ofArticle109whichdealswiththeconsiderationofapossiblereviewconferenceduringthetenthregularsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyhasbeenretainedinitsoriginalforminitsreferencetoavoteofanysevenmembersoftheSecurityCounciltheparagraphhavingbeenacteduponin1955bytheGeneralAssemblyatitstenthregularsessionandbytheSecurityCouncil.PreambleWETHEPEOPLESOFTHEUNITEDNATIONSDETERMINEDtosavesucceedinggenerationsfromthescourgeofwarwhichtwiceinourlifetimehasbroughtuntoldsorrowtomankindandtoreaffirmfaithinfundamentalhumanrightsinthedignityandworthofthehumanpersonintheequalrightsofmenandwomenandofnationslargeandsmallandtoestablishconditionsunderwhichjusticeandrespectfortheobligationsarisingfromtreatiesandothersourcesofinternationallawcanbemaintainedandtopromotesocialprogressandbetterstandardsoflifeinlargerfreedomANDFORTHESEENDStopracticetoleranceandlivetogetherinpeacewithoneanotherasgoodneighboursandtouniteourstrengthtomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurityandtoensurebytheacceptanceofprinciplesandtheinstitutionofmethodsthatarmedforceshallnotbeusedsaveinthecommoninterestandtoemployinternationalmachineryforthepromotionoftheeconomicandsocialadvancementofallpeoplesHAVERESOLVEDTOCOMBINEOUREFFORTSTOACCOMPLISHTHESEAIMSAccordinglyourrespectiveGovernmentsthroughrepresentativesassembledinthecityofSanFranciscowhohaveexhibitedtheirfullpowersfoundtobeingoodanddueformhaveagreedtothepresentCharteroftheUnitedNationsanddoherebyestablishaninternationalorganizationtobeknownastheUnitedNations.ChapterIPurposeandPrinciplesArticle1ThePurposesoftheUnitedNationsare:
1.Tomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurityandtothatend:totakeeffectivecollectivemeasuresforthepreventionandremovalofthreatstothepeaceandforthesuppressionofactsofaggressionorotherbreachesofthepeaceandtobringaboutbypeacefulmeansandinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandinternationallawadjustmentorsettlementofinternationaldisputesorsituationswhichmightleadtoabreachofthepeace;
2.Todevelopfriendlyrelationsamongnationsbasedonrespectfortheprincipleofequalrightsandself-determinationofpeoplesandtotakeotherappropriatemeasurestostrengthenuniversalpeace;
3.Toachieveinternationalco-operationinsolvinginternationalproblemsofaneconomicsocialculturalorhumanitariancharacterandinpromotingandencouragingrespectforhumanrightsandforfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastoracesexlanguageorreligion;and
4.Tobeacentreforharmonizingtheactionsofnationsintheattainmentofthesecommonends.Article2TheOrganizationanditsMembersinpursuitofthePurposesstatedinArticle1shallactinaccordancewiththefollowingPrinciples.
1.TheOrganizationisbasedontheprincipleofthesovereignequalityofallitsMembers.
2.AllMembersinordertoensuretoallofthemtherightsandbenefitsresultingfrommembershipshallfulfillingoodfaiththeobligationsassumedbytheminaccordancewiththepresentCharter.
3.AllMembersshallsettletheirinternationaldisputesbypeacefulmeansinsuchamannerthatinternationalpeaceandsecurityandjusticearenotendangered.
4.AllMembersshallrefrainintheirinternationalrelationsfromthethreatoruseofforceagainsttheterritorialintegrityorpoliticalindependenceofanystateorinanyothermannerinconsistentwiththePurposesoftheUnitedNations.
5.AllMembersshallgivetheUnitedNationseveryassistanceinanyactionittakesinaccordancewiththepresentCharterandshallrefrainfromgivingassistancetoanystateagainstwhichtheUnitedNationsistakingpreventiveorenforcementaction.
6.TheOrganizationshallensurethatstateswhicharenotMembersoftheUnitedNationsactinaccordancewiththesePrinciplessofarasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.
7.NothingcontainedinthepresentChartershallauthorizetheUnitedNationstointerveneinmatterswhichareessentiallywithinthedomesticjurisdictionofanystateorshallrequiretheMemberstosubmitsuchmatterstosettlementunderthepresentCharter;butthisprincipleshallnotprejudicetheapplicationofenforcementmeasuresunderChapterVll.ChapterIIMembershipArticle3TheoriginalMembersoftheUnitedNationsshallbethestateswhichhavingparticipatedintheUnitedNationsConferenceonInternationalOrganizationatSanFranciscoorhavingpreviouslysignedtheDeclarationbyUnitedNationsof1January1942signthepresentCharterandratifyitinaccordancewithArticle
110.Article
41.MembershipintheUnitedNationsisopentoallotherpeace-lovingstateswhichaccepttheobligationscontainedinthepresentCharterandinthejudgmentoftheOrganizationareableandwillingtocarryouttheseobligations.
2.TheadmissionofanysuchstatetomembershipintheUnitedNationswillbeeffectedbyadecisionoftheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.Article5AMemberoftheUnitedNationsagainstwhichpreventiveorenforcementactionhasbeentakenbytheSecurityCouncilmaybesuspendedfromtheexerciseoftherightsandprivilegesofmembershipbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.TheexerciseoftheserightsandprivilegesmayberestoredbytheSecurityCouncil.Article6AMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichhaspersistentlyviolatedthePrinciplescontainedinthepresentChartermaybeexpelledfromtheOrganizationbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.ChapterIIIOrgansArticle
71.ThereareestablishedastheprincipalorgansoftheUnitedNations:aGeneralAssemblyaSecurityCouncilanEconomicandSocialCouncilaTrusteeshipCouncilanInternationalCourtofJusticeandaSecretariat.
2.SuchsubsidiaryorgansasmaybefoundnecessarymaybeestablishedinaccordancewiththepresentCharter.Article8TheUnitedNationsshallplacenorestrictionsontheeligibilityofmenandwomentoparticipateinanycapacityandunderconditionsofequalityinitsprincipalandsubsidiaryorgans.ChapterIVTheGeneralAssemblyCOMPOSITIONArticle
91.TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsistofalltheMembersoftheUnitedNations.
2.EachMembershallhavenotmorethanfiverepresentativesintheGeneralAssembly.FUNCTIONSandPOWERSArticle10TheGeneralAssemblymaydiscussanyquestionsoranymatterswithinthescopeofthepresentCharterorrelatingtothepowersandfunctionsofanyorgansprovidedforinthepresentCharterandexceptasprovidedinArticle12maymakerecommendationstotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsortotheSecurityCouncilortobothonanysuchquestionsormatters.Article
111.TheGeneralAssemblymayconsiderthegeneralprinciplesofco-operationinthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityincludingtheprinciplesgoverningdisarmamentandtheregulationofarmamentsandmaymakerecommendationswithregardtosuchprinciplestotheMembersortotheSecurityCouncilortoboth.
2.TheGeneralAssemblymaydiscussanyquestionsrelatingtothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritybroughtbeforeitbyanyMemberoftheUnitedNationsorbytheSecurityCouncilorbyastatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsinaccordancewithArticle35paragraph2andexceptasprovidedinArticle12maymakerecommendationswithregardtoanysuchquestionstothestateorstatesconcernedortotheSecurityCouncilortoboth.AnysuchquestiononwhichactionisnecessaryshallbereferredtotheSecurityCouncilbytheGeneralAssemblyeitherbeforeorafterdiscussion.
3.TheGeneralAssemblymaycalltheattentionoftheSecurityCounciltosituationswhicharelikelytoendangerinternationalpeaceandsecurity.
4.ThepowersoftheGeneralAssemblysetforthinthisArticleshallnotlimitthegeneralscopeofArticle
10.Article
121.WhiletheSecurityCouncilisexercisinginrespectofanydisputeorsituationthefunctionsassignedtoitinthepresentChartertheGeneralAssemblyshallnotmakeanyrecommendationwithregardtothatdisputeorsituationunlesstheSecurityCouncilsorequests.
2.TheSecretary-GeneralwiththeconsentoftheSecurityCouncilshallnotifytheGeneralAssemblyateachsessionofanymattersrelativetothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritywhicharebeingdealtwithbytheSecurityCouncilandshallsimilarlynotifytheGeneralAssemblyortheMembersoftheUnitedNationsiftheGeneralAssemblyisnotinsessionimmediatelytheSecurityCouncilceasestodealwithsuchmatters.Article
131.TheGeneralAssemblyshallinitiatestudiesandmakerecommendationsforthepurposeof:a.promotinginternationalco-operationinthepoliticalfieldandencouragingtheprogressivedevelopmentofinternationallawanditscodification;b.promotinginternationalco-operationintheeconomicsocialculturaleducationalandhealthfieldsandassistingintherealizationofhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastoracesexlanguageorreligion.
2.ThefurtherresponsibilitiesfunctionsandpowersoftheGeneralAssemblywithrespecttomattersmentionedinparagraph1babovearesetforthinChaptersIXandX.Article14SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticle12theGeneralAssemblymayrecommendmeasuresforthepeacefuladjustmentofanysituationregardlessoforiginwhichitdeemslikelytoimpairthegeneralwelfareorfriendlyrelationsamongnationsincludingsituationsresultingfromaviolationoftheprovisionsofthepresentChartersettingforththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.Article
151.TheGeneralAssemblyshallreceiveandconsiderannualandspecialreportsfromtheSecurityCouncil;thesereportsshallincludeanaccountofthemeasuresthattheSecurityCouncilhasdecideduponortakentomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity.
2.TheGeneralAssemblyshallreceiveandconsiderreportsfromtheotherorgansoftheUnitedNations.Article16TheGeneralAssemblyshallperformsuchfunctionswithrespecttotheinternationaltrusteeshipsystemasareassignedtoitunderChaptersXIIandXIIIincludingtheapprovalofthetrusteeshipagreementsforareasnotdesignatedasstrategic.Article
171.TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsiderandapprovethebudgetoftheOrganization.
2.TheexpensesoftheOrganizationshallbebornebytheMembersasapportionedbytheGeneralAssembly.
3.TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsiderandapproveanyfinancialandbudgetaryarrangementswithspecializedagenciesreferredtoinArticle57andshallexaminetheadministrativebudgetsofsuchspecializedagencieswithaviewtomakingrecommendationstotheagenciesconcerned.VOTINGArticle
181.EachmemberoftheGeneralAssemblyshallhaveonevote.
2.DecisionsoftheGeneralAssemblyonimportantquestionsshallbemadebyatwo-thirdsmajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.Thesequestionsshallinclude:recommendationswithrespecttothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritytheelectionofthenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCounciltheelectionofthemembersoftheEconomicandSocialCounciltheelectionofmembersoftheTrusteeshipCouncilinaccordancewithparagraph1cofArticle86theadmissionofnewMemberstotheUnitedNationsthesuspensionoftherightsandprivilegesofmembershiptheexpulsionofMembersquestionsrelatingtotheoperationofthetrusteeshipsystemandbudgetaryquestions.
3.Decisionsonotherquestionsincludingthedeterminationofadditionalcategoriesofquestionstobedecidedbyatwo-thirdsmajorityshallbemadebyamajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.Article19AMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisinarrearsinthepaymentofitsfinancialcontributionstotheOrganizationshallhavenovoteintheGeneralAssemblyiftheamountofitsarrearsequalsorexceedstheamountofthecontributionsduefromitfortheprecedingtwofullyears.TheGeneralAssemblymayneverthelesspermitsuchaMembertovoteifitissatisfiedthatthefailuretopayisduetoconditionsbeyondthecontroloftheMember.PROCEDUREArticle20TheGeneralAssemblyshallmeetinregularannualsessionsandinsuchspecialsessionsasoccasionmayrequire.SpecialsessionsshallbeconvokedbytheSecretary-GeneralattherequestoftheSecurityCouncilorofamajorityoftheMembersoftheUnitedNations.Article21TheGeneralAssemblyshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure.ItshallelectitsPresidentforeachsession.Article22TheGeneralAssemblymayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansasitdeemsnecessaryfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.ChapterVTheSecurityCouncilCOMPOSITIONArticle
231.TheSecurityCouncilshallconsistoffifteenMembersoftheUnitedNations.TheRepublicofChinaFrancetheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublicstheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandandtheUnitedStatesofAmericashallbepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.TheGeneralAssemblyshallelecttenotherMembersoftheUnitedNationstobenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncildueregardbeingspeciallypaidinthefirstinstancetothecontributionofMembersoftheUnitedNationstothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityandtotheotherpurposesoftheOrganizationandalsotoequitablegeographicaldistribution.
2.Thenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilshallbeelectedforatermoftwoyears.Inthefirstelectionofthenon-permanentmembersaftertheincreaseofthemembershipoftheSecurityCouncilfromeleventofifteentwoofthefouradditionalmembersshallbechosenforatermofoneyear.Aretiringmembershallnotbeeligibleforimmediatere-election.
3.EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallhaveonerepresentative.FUNCTIONSandPOWERSArticle
241.InordertoensurepromptandeffectiveactionbytheUnitedNationsitsMembersconferontheSecurityCouncilprimaryresponsibilityforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityandagreethatincarryingoutitsdutiesunderthisresponsibilitytheSecurityCouncilactsontheirbehalf.
2.IndischargingthesedutiestheSecurityCouncilshallactinaccordancewiththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.ThespecificpowersgrantedtotheSecurityCouncilforthedischargeofthesedutiesarelaiddowninChaptersVIVIIVIIIandXII.
3.TheSecurityCouncilshallsubmitannualandwhennecessaryspecialreportstotheGeneralAssemblyforitsconsideration.Article25TheMembersoftheUnitedNationsagreetoacceptandcarryoutthedecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilinaccordancewiththepresentCharter.Article26InordertopromotetheestablishmentandmaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritywiththeleastdiversionforarmamentsoftheworldshumanandeconomicresourcestheSecurityCouncilshallberesponsibleforformulatingwiththeassistanceoftheMilitaryStaffCommitteereferredtoinArticle47planstobesubmittedtotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsfortheestablishmentofasystemfortheregulationofarmaments.VOTINGArticle
271.EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallhaveonevote.
2.DecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonproceduralmattersshallbemadebyanaffirmativevoteofninemembers.
3.DecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonallothermattersshallbemadebyanaffirmativevoteofninemembersincludingtheconcurringvotesofthepermanentmembers;providedthatindecisionsunderChapterVIandunderparagraph3ofArticle52apartytoadisputeshallabstainfromvoting.PROCEDUREArticle
281.TheSecurityCouncilshallbesoorganizedastobeabletofunctioncontinuously.EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallforthispurposeberepresentedatalltimesattheseatoftheOrganization.
2.TheSecurityCouncilshallholdperiodicmeetingsatwhicheachofitsmembersmayifitsodesiresberepresentedbyamemberofthegovernmentorbysomeotherspeciallydesignatedrepresentative.
3.TheSecurityCouncilmayholdmeetingsatsuchplacesotherthantheseatoftheOrganizationasinitsjudgmentwillbestfacilitateitswork.Article29TheSecurityCouncilmayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansasitdeemsnecessaryfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.Article30TheSecurityCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedureincludingthemethodofselectingitsPresident.Article31AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisnotamemberoftheSecurityCouncilmayparticipatewithoutvoteinthediscussionofanyquestionbroughtbeforetheSecurityCouncilwheneverthelatterconsidersthattheinterestsofthatMemberarespeciallyaffected.Article32AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisnotamemberoftheSecurityCounciloranystatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsifitisapartytoadisputeunderconsiderationbytheSecurityCouncilshallbeinvitedtoparticipatewithoutvoteinthediscussionrelatingtothedispute.TheSecurityCouncilshalllaydownsuchconditionsasitdeemsjustfortheparticipationofastatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNations.ChapterVIPacificSettlementofDisputesArticle
331.Thepartiestoanydisputethecontinuanceofwhichislikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityshallfirstofallseekasolutionbynegotiationenquirymediationconciliationarbitrationjudicialsettlementresorttoregionalagenciesorarrangementsorotherpeacefulmeansoftheirownchoice.
2.TheSecurityCouncilshallwhenitdeemsnecessarycalluponthepartiestosettletheirdisputebysuchmeans.Article34TheSecurityCouncilmayinvestigateanydisputeoranysituationwhichmightleadtointernationalfrictionorgiverisetoadisputeinordertodeterminewhetherthecontinuanceofthedisputeorsituationislikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article
351.AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybringanydisputeoranysituationofthenaturereferredtoinArticle34totheattentionoftheSecurityCounciloroftheGeneralAssembly.
2.AstatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybringtotheattentionoftheSecurityCounciloroftheGeneralAssemblyanydisputetowhichitisapartyifitacceptsinadvanceforthepurposesofthedisputetheobligationsofpacificsettlementprovidedinthepresentCharter.
3.TheproceedingsoftheGeneralAssemblyinrespectofmattersbroughttoitsattentionunderthisArticlewillbesubjecttotheprovisionsofArticles11and
12.Article
361.TheSecurityCouncilmayatanystageofadisputeofthenaturereferredtoinArticle33orofasituationoflikenaturerecommendappropriateproceduresormethodsofadjustment.
2.TheSecurityCouncilshouldtakeintoconsiderationanyproceduresforthesettlementofthedisputewhichhavealreadybeenadoptedbytheparties.
3.InmakingrecommendationsunderthisArticletheSecurityCouncilshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationthatlegaldisputesshouldasageneralrulebereferredbythepartiestotheInternationalCourtofJusticeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheStatuteoftheCourt.Article
371.ShouldthepartiestoadisputeofthenaturereferredtoinArticle33failtosettleitbythemeansindicatedinthatArticletheyshallreferittotheSecurityCouncil.
2.IftheSecurityCouncildeemsthatthecontinuanceofthedisputeisinfactlikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityitshalldecidewhethertotakeactionunderArticle36ortorecommendsuchtermsofsettlementasitmayconsiderappropriate.Article38WithoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofArticles33to37theSecurityCouncilmayifallthepartiestoanydisputesorequestmakerecommendationstothepartieswithaviewtoapacificsettlementofthedispute.ChapterVIIActionofrespecttothreatstothepeacebreachesofthepeaceandactsofaggressionArticle39TheSecurityCouncilshalldeterminetheexistenceofanythreattothepeacebreachofthepeaceoractofaggressionandshallmakerecommendationsordecidewhatmeasuresshallbetakeninaccordancewithArticles41and42tomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article40InordertopreventanaggravationofthesituationtheSecurityCouncilmaybeforemakingtherecommendationsordecidinguponthemeasuresprovidedforinArticle39calluponthepartiesconcernedtocomplywithsuchprovisionalmeasuresasitdeemsnecessaryordesirable.Suchprovisionalmeasuresshallbewithoutprejudicetotherightsclaimsorpositionofthepartiesconcerned.TheSecurityCouncilshalldulytakeaccountoffailuretocomplywithsuchprovisionalmeasures.Article41TheSecurityCouncilmaydecidewhatmeasuresnotinvolvingtheuseofarmedforcearetobeemployedtogiveeffecttoitsdecisionsanditmaycallupontheMembersoftheUnitedNationstoapplysuchmeasures.Thesemayincludecompleteorpartialinterruptionofeconomicrelationsandofrailseaairpostaltelegraphicradioandothermeansofcommunicationandtheseveranceofdiplomaticrelations.Article42ShouldtheSecurityCouncilconsiderthatmeasuresprovidedforinArticle41wouldbeinadequateorhaveprovedtobeinadequateitmaytakesuchactionbyairseaorlandforcesasmaybenecessarytomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.SuchactionmayincludedemonstrationsblockadeandotheroperationsbyairseaorlandforcesofMembersoftheUnitedNations.Article
431.AllMembersoftheUnitedNationsinordertocontributetothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityundertaketomakeavailabletotheSecurityCouncilonitscallandinaccordancewithaspecialagreementoragreementsarmedforcesassistanceandfacilitiesincludingrightsofpassagenecessaryforthepurposeofmaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurity.
2.Suchagreementoragreementsshallgovernthenumbersandtypesofforcestheirdegreeofreadinessandgenerallocationandthenatureofthefacilitiesandassistancetobeprovided.
3.TheagreementoragreementsshallbenegotiatedassoonaspossibleontheinitiativeoftheSecurityCouncil.TheyshallbeconcludedbetweentheSecurityCouncilandMembersorbetweentheSecurityCouncilandgroupsofMembersandshallbesubjecttoratificationbythesignatorystatesinaccordancewiththeirrespectiveconstitutionalprocesses.Article44WhentheSecurityCouncilhasdecidedtouseforceitshallbeforecallinguponaMembernotrepresentedonittoprovidearmedforcesinfulfilmentoftheobligationsassumedunderArticle43invitethatMemberiftheMembersodesirestoparticipateinthedecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilconcerningtheemploymentofcontingentsofthatMembersarmedforces.Article45InordertoenabletheUnitedNationstotakeurgentmilitarymeasuresMembersshallholdimmediatelyavailablenationalair-forcecontingentsforcombinedinternationalenforcementaction.ThestrengthanddegreeofreadinessofthesecontingentsandplansfortheircombinedactionshallbedeterminedwithinthelimitslaiddowninthespecialagreementoragreementsreferredtoinArticle43bytheSecurityCouncilwiththeassistanceoftheMilitaryStaffCommittee.Article46PlansfortheapplicationofarmedforceshallbemadebytheSecurityCouncilwiththeassistanceoftheMilitaryStaffCommittee.Article
471.ThereshallbeestablishedaMilitaryStaffCommitteetoadviseandassisttheSecurityCouncilonallquestionsrelatingtotheSecurityCouncilsmilitaryrequirementsforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritytheemploymentandcommandofforcesplacedatitsdisposaltheregulationofarmamentsandpossibledisarmament.
2.TheMilitaryStaffCommitteeshallconsistoftheChiefsofStaffofthepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilortheirrepresentatives.AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationsnotpermanentlyrepresentedontheCommitteeshallbeinvitedbytheCommitteetobeassociatedwithitwhentheefficientdischargeoftheCommitteesresponsibilitiesrequirestheparticipationofthatMemberinitswork.
3.TheMilitaryStaffCommitteeshallberesponsibleundertheSecurityCouncilforthestrategicdirectionofanyarmedforcesplacedatthedisposaloftheSecurityCouncil.Questionsrelatingtothecommandofsuchforcesshallbeworkedoutsubsequently.
4.TheMilitaryStaffCommitteewiththeauthorizationoftheSecurityCouncilandafterconsultationwithappropriateregionalagenciesmayestablishregionalsub-committees.Article
481.TheactionrequiredtocarryoutthedecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityshallbetakenbyalltheMembersoftheUnitedNationsorbysomeofthemastheSecurityCouncilmaydetermine.
2.SuchdecisionsshallbecarriedoutbytheMembersoftheUnitedNationsdirectlyandthroughtheiractionintheappropriateinternationalagenciesofwhichtheyaremembers.Article49TheMembersoftheUnitedNationsshalljoininaffordingmutualassistanceincarryingoutthemeasuresdecideduponbytheSecurityCouncil.Article50IfpreventiveorenforcementmeasuresagainstanystatearetakenbytheSecurityCouncilanyotherstatewhetheraMemberoftheUnitedNationsornotwhichfindsitselfconfrontedwithspecialeconomicproblemsarisingfromthecarryingoutofthosemeasuresshallhavetherighttoconsulttheSecurityCouncilwithregardtoasolutionofthoseproblems.Article51NothinginthepresentChartershallimpairtheinherentrightofindividualorcollectiveself-defenceifanarmedattackoccursagainstaMemberoftheUnitedNationsuntiltheSecurityCouncilhastakenmeasuresnecessarytomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity.MeasurestakenbyMembersintheexerciseofthisrightofself-defenceshallbeimmediatelyreportedtotheSecurityCouncilandshallnotinanywayaffecttheauthorityandresponsibilityoftheSecurityCouncilunderthepresentChartertotakeatanytimesuchactionasitdeemsnecessaryinordertomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.ChapterVIIIRegionalArrangementsArticle
521.NothinginthepresentCharterprecludestheexistenceofregionalarrangementsoragenciesfordealingwithsuchmattersrelatingtothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurityasareappropriateforregionalactionprovidedthatsucharrangementsoragenciesandtheiractivitiesareconsistentwiththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.
2.TheMembersoftheUnitedNationsenteringintosucharrangementsorconstitutingsuchagenciesshallmakeeveryefforttoachievepacificsettlementoflocaldisputesthroughsuchregionalarrangementsorbysuchregionalagenciesbeforereferringthemtotheSecurityCouncil.
3.TheSecurityCouncilshallencouragethedevelopmentofpacificsettlementoflocaldisputesthroughsuchregionalarrangementsorbysuchregionalagencieseitherontheinitiativeofthestatesconcernedorbyreferencefromtheSecurityCouncil.
4.ThisArticleinnowayimpairstheapplicationofArticles34and
35.Article
531.TheSecurityCouncilshallwhereappropriateutilizesuchregionalarrangementsoragenciesforenforcementactionunderitsauthority.ButnoenforcementactionshallbetakenunderregionalarrangementsorbyregionalagencieswithouttheauthorizationoftheSecurityCouncilwiththeexceptionofmeasuresagainstanyenemystateasdefinedinparagraph2ofthisArticleprovidedforpursuanttoArticle107orinregionalarrangementsdirectedagainstrenewalofaggressivepolicyonthepartofanysuchstateuntilsuchtimeastheOrganizationmayonrequestoftheGovernmentsconcernedbechargedwiththeresponsibilityforpreventingfurtheraggressionbysuchastate.
2.Thetermenemystateasusedinparagraph1ofthisArticleappliestoanystatewhichduringtheSecondWorldWarhasbeenanenemyofanysignatoryofthepresentCharter.Article54TheSecurityCouncilshallatalltimesbekeptfullyinformedofactivitiesundertakenorincontemplationunderregionalarrangementsorbyregionalagenciesforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.ChapterIXInternationalEconomicandSocialCo-operationArticle55Withaviewtothecreationofconditionsofstabilityandwell-beingwhicharenecessaryforpeacefulandfriendlyrelationsamongnationsbasedonrespectfortheprincipleofequalrightsandself-determinationofpeoplestheUnitedNationsshallpromote:a.higherstandardsoflivingfullemploymentandconditionsofeconomicandsocialprogressanddevelopment;b.solutionsofinternationaleconomicsocialhealthandrelatedproblems;andinternationalculturalandeducationalcooperation;andc.universalrespectforandobservanceofhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastoracesexlanguageorreligion.Article56AllMemberspledgethemselvestotakejointandseparateactioninco-operationwiththeOrganizationfortheachievementofthepurposessetforthinArticle
55.Article
571.ThevariousspecializedagenciesestablishedbyintergovernmentalagreementandhavingwideinternationalresponsibilitiesasdefinedintheirbasicinstrumentsineconomicsocialculturaleducationalhealthandrelatedfieldsshallbebroughtintorelationshipwiththeUnitedNationsinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle
63.
2.SuchagenciesthusbroughtintorelationshipwiththeUnitedNationsarehereinafterreferredtoasspecializedagencies./OL.Article58TheOrganizationshallmakerecommendationsfortheco-ordinationofthepoliciesandactivitiesofthespecializedagencies.Article59TheOrganizationshallwhereappropriateinitiatenegotiationsamongthestatesconcernedforthecreationofanynewspecializedagenciesrequiredfortheaccomplishmentofthepurposessetforthinArticle
55.Article60ResponsibilityforthedischargeofthefunctionsoftheOrganizationsetforthinthisChaptershallbevestedintheGeneralAssemblyandundertheauthorityoftheGeneralAssemblyintheEconomicandSocialCouncilwhichshallhaveforthispurposethepowerssetforthinChapterX.ChapterXTheEconomicandSocialCouncilCOMPOSITIONArticle
611.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallconsistoffifty-fourMembersoftheUnitedNationselectedbytheGeneralAssembly.
2.Subjecttotheprovisionsofparagraph3eighteenmembersoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallbeelectedeachyearforatermofthreeyears.Aretiringmembershallbeeligibleforimmediatere-election.
3.AtthefirstelectionaftertheincreaseinthemembershipoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilfromtwenty-seventofifty-fourmembersinadditiontothememberselectedinplaceoftheninememberswhosetermofofficeexpiresattheendofthatyeartwenty-sevenadditionalmembersshallbeelected.Ofthesetwenty-sevenadditionalmembersthetermofofficeofninememberssoelectedshallexpireattheendofoneyearandofnineothermembersattheendoftwoyearsinaccordancewitharrangementsmadebytheGeneralAssembly.
4.EachmemberoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallhaveonerepresentative.FUNCTIONSandPOWERSArticle
621.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilmaymakeorinitiatestudiesandreportswithrespecttointernationaleconomicsocialculturaleducationalhealthandrelatedmattersandmaymakerecommendationswithrespecttoanysuchmatterstotheGeneralAssemblytotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsandtothespecializedagenciesconcerned.
2.Itmaymakerecommendationsforthepurposeofpromotingrespectforandobservanceofhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforall.
3.ItmaypreparedraftconventionsforsubmissiontotheGeneralAssemblywithrespecttomattersfallingwithinitscompetence.
4.ItmaycallinaccordancewiththerulesprescribedbytheUnitedNationsinternationalconferencesonmattersfallingwithinitscompetence.Article
631.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilmayenterintoagreementswithanyoftheagenciesreferredtoinArticle57definingthetermsonwhichtheagencyconcernedshallbebroughtintorelationshipwiththeUnitedNations.SuchagreementsshallbesubjecttoapprovalbytheGeneralAssembly.
2.Itmayco-ordinatetheactivitiesofthespecializedagenciesthroughconsultationwithandrecommendationstosuchagenciesandthroughrecommendationstotheGeneralAssemblyandtotheMembersoftheUnitedNations.Article
641.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilmaytakeappropriatestepstoobtainregularreportsfromthespecializedagencies.ItmaymakearrangementswiththeMembersoftheUnitedNationsandwiththespecializedagenciestoobtainreportsonthestepstakentogiveeffecttoitsownrecommendationsandtorecommendationsonmattersfallingwithinitscompetencemadebytheGeneralAssembly.
2.ItmaycommunicateitsobservationsonthesereportstotheGeneralAssembly.Article65TheEconomicandSocialCouncilmayfurnishinformationtotheSecurityCouncilandshallassisttheSecurityCounciluponitsrequest.Article
661.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallperformsuchfunctionsasfallwithinitscompetenceinconnexionwiththecarryingoutoftherecommendationsoftheGeneralAssembly.
2.ItmaywiththeapprovaloftheGeneralAssemblyperformservicesattherequestofMembersoftheUnitedNationsandattherequestofspecializedagencies.
3.ItshallperformsuchotherfunctionsasarespecifiedelsewhereinthepresentCharterorasmaybeassignedtoitbytheGeneralAssembly.VOTINGArticle
671.EachmemberoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallhaveonevote.
2.DecisionsoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallbemadebyamajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.PROCEDUREArticle68TheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallsetupcommissionsineconomicandsocialfieldsandforthepromotionofhumanrightsandsuchothercommissionsasmayberequiredfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.Article69TheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallinviteanyMemberoftheUnitedNationstoparticipatewithoutvoteinitsdeliberationsonanymatterofparticularconcerntothatMember.Article70TheEconomicandSocialCouncilmaymakearrangementsforrepresentativesofthespecializedagenciestoparticipatewithoutvoteinitsdeliberationsandinthoseofthecommissionsestablishedbyitandforitsrepresentativestoparticipateinthedeliberationsofthespecializedagencies.Article71TheEconomicandSocialCouncilmaymakesuitablearrangementsforconsultationwithnon-governmentalorganizationswhichareconcernedwithmatterswithinitscompetence.SucharrangementsmaybemadewithinternationalorganizationsandwhereappropriatewithnationalorganizationsafterconsultationwiththeMemberoftheUnitedNationsconcerned.Article
721.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedureincludingthemethodofselectingitsPresident.
2.TheEconomicandSocialCouncilshallmeetasrequiredinaccordancewithitsruleswhichshallincludeprovisionfortheconveningofmeetingsontherequestofamajorityofitsmembers.ChapterXIDeclarationRegardingNon-self-governingterritoriesArticle73MembersoftheUnitedNationswhichhaveorassumeresponsibilitiesfortheadministrationofterritorieswhosepeopleshavenotyetattainedafullmeasureofself-governmentrecognizetheprinciplethattheinterestsoftheinhabitantsoftheseterritoriesareparamountandacceptasasacredtrusttheobligationtopromotetotheutmostwithinthesystemofinternationalpeaceandsecurityestablishedbythepresentCharterthewell-beingoftheinhabitantsoftheseterritoriesandtothisend:a.toensurewithduerespectforthecultureofthepeoplesconcernedtheirpoliticaleconomicsocialandeducationaladvancementtheirjusttreatmentandtheirprotectionagainstabuses;b.todevelopself-governmenttotakedueaccountofthepoliticalaspirationsofthepeoplesandtoassistthemintheprogressivedevelopmentoftheirfreepoliticalinstitutionsaccordingtotheparticularcircumstancesofeachterritoryanditspeoplesandtheirvaryingstagesofadvancement;c.tofurtherinternationalpeaceandsecurity;d.topromoteconstructivemeasuresofdevelopmenttoencourageresearchandtoco-operatewithoneanotherandwhenandwhereappropriatewithspecializedinternationalbodieswithaviewtothepracticalachievementofthesocialeconomicandscientificpurposessetforthinthisArticle;ande.totransmitregularlytotheSecretary-GeneralforinformationpurposessubjecttosuchlimitationassecurityandconstitutionalconsiderationsmayrequirestatisticalandotherinformationofatechnicalnaturerelatingtoeconomicsocialandeducationalconditionsintheterritoriesforwhichtheyarerespectivelyresponsibleotherthanthoseterritoriestowhichChaptersXIIandXIIIapply.Article74MembersoftheUnitedNationsalsoagreethattheirpolicyinrespectoftheterritoriestowhichthisChapterappliesnolessthaninrespectoftheirmetropolitanareasmustbebasedonthegeneralprincipleofgood-neighbourlinessdueaccountbeingtakenoftheinterestsandwell-beingoftherestoftheworldinsocialeconomicandcommercialmatters.ChapterXIIInternationalTrusteeshipSystemArticle75TheUnitedNationsshallestablishunderitsauthorityaninternationaltrusteeshipsystemfortheadministrationandsupervisionofsuchterritoriesasmaybeplacedthereunderbysubsequentindividualagreements.Theseterritoriesarehereinafterreferredtoastrustterritories.Article76ThebasicobjectivesofthetrusteeshipsysteminaccordancewiththePurposesoftheUnitedNationslaiddowninArticle1ofthepresentChartershallbe:a.tofurtherinternationalpeaceandsecurity;b.topromotethepoliticaleconomicsocialandeducationaladvancementoftheinhabitantsofthetrustterritoriesandtheirprogressivedevelopmenttowardsself-governmentorindependenceasmaybeappropriatetotheparticularcircumstancesofeachterritoryanditspeoplesandthefreelyexpressedwishesofthepeoplesconcernedandasmaybeprovidedbythetermsofeachtrusteeshipagreement;c.toencouragerespectforhumanrightsandforfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastoracesexlanguageorreligionandtoencouragerecognitionoftheinterdependenceofthepeoplesoftheworld;andd.toensureequaltreatmentinsocialeconomicandcommercialmattersforallMembersoftheUnitedNationsandtheirnationalsandalsoequaltreatmentforthelatterintheadministrationofjusticewithoutprejudicetotheattainmentoftheforegoingobjectivesandsubjecttotheprovisionsofArticle
80.Article
771.Thetrusteeshipsystemshallapplytosuchterritoriesinthefollowingcategoriesasmaybeplacedthereunderbymeansoftrusteeshipagreements:a.territoriesnowheldundermandate;b.territorieswhichmaybedetachedfromenemystatesasaresultoftheSecondWorldWar;andc.territoriesvoluntarilyplacedunderthesystembystatesresponsiblefortheiradministration.
2.Itwillbeamatterforsubsequentagreementastowhichterritoriesintheforegoingcategorieswillbebroughtunderthetrusteeshipsystemanduponwhatterms.Article78ThetrusteeshipsystemshallnotapplytoterritorieswhichhavebecomeMembersoftheUnitedNationsrelationshipamongwhichshallbebasedonrespectfortheprincipleofsovereignequality.Article79ThetermsoftrusteeshipforeachterritorytobeplacedunderthetrusteeshipsystemincludinganyalterationoramendmentshallbeagreeduponbythestatesdirectlyconcernedincludingthemandatorypowerinthecaseofterritoriesheldundermandatebyaMemberoftheUnitedNationsandshallbeapprovedasprovidedforinArticles83and
85.Article
801.ExceptasmaybeagreeduponinindividualtrusteeshipagreementsmadeunderArticles7779and81placingeachterritoryunderthetrusteeshipsystemanduntilsuchagreementshavebeenconcludednothinginthisChaptershallbeconstruedinorofitselftoalterinanymannertherightswhatsoeverofanystatesoranypeoplesorthetermsofexistinginternationalinstrumentstowhichMembersoftheUnitedNationsmayrespectivelybeparties.
2.Paragraph1ofthisArticleshallnotbeinterpretedasgivinggroundsfordelayorpostponementofthenegotiationandconclusionofagreementsforplacingmandatedandotherterritoriesunderthetrusteeshipsystemasprovidedforinArticle
77.Article81Thetrusteeshipagreementshallineachcaseincludethetermsunderwhichthetrustterritorywillbeadministeredanddesignatetheauthoritywhichwillexercisetheadministrationofthetrustterritory.SuchauthorityhereinaftercalledtheadministeringauthoritymaybeoneormorestatesortheOrganizationitself.Article82TheremaybedesignatedinanytrusteeshipagreementastrategicareaorareaswhichmayincludepartorallofthetrustterritorytowhichtheagreementapplieswithoutprejudicetoanyspecialagreementoragreementsmadeunderArticle
43.Article
831.AllfunctionsoftheUnitedNationsrelatingtostrategicareasincludingtheapprovalofthetermsofthetrusteeshipagreementsandoftheiralterationoramendmentshallbeexercisedbytheSecurityCouncil.
2.ThebasicobjectivessetforthinArticle76shallbeapplicabletothepeopleofeachstrategicarea.
3.TheSecurityCouncilshallsubjecttotheprovisionsofthetrusteeshipagreementsandwithoutprejudicetosecurityconsiderationsavailitselfoftheassistanceoftheTrusteeshipCounciltoperformthosefunctionsoftheUnitedNationsunderthetrusteeshipsystemrelatingtopoliticaleconomicsocialandeducationalmattersinthestrategicareas.Article84Itshallbethedutyoftheadministeringauthoritytoensurethatthetrustterritoryshallplayitspartinthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.TothisendtheadministeringauthoritymaymakeuseofvolunteerforcesfacilitiesandassistancefromthetrustterritoryincarryingouttheobligationstowardstheSecurityCouncilundertakeninthisregardbytheadministeringauthorityaswellasforlocaldefenceandthemaintenanceoflawandorderwithinthetrustterritory.Article
851.ThefunctionsoftheUnitedNationswithregardtotrusteeshipagreementsforallareasnotdesignatedasstrategicincludingtheapprovalofthetermsofthetrusteeshipagreementsandoftheiralterationoramendmentshallbeexercisedbytheGeneralAssembly.
2.TheTrusteeshipCounciloperatingundertheauthorityoftheGeneralAssemblyshallassisttheGeneralAssemblyincarryingoutthesefunctions.ChapterXIIITheTrusteeshipCouncilCOMPOSITIONArticle
861.TheTrusteeshipCouncilshallconsistofthefollowingMembersoftheUnitedNations:a.thoseMembersadministeringtrustterritories;b.suchofthoseMembersmentionedbynameinArticle23asarenotadministeringtrustterritories;andc.asmanyotherMemberselectedforthree-yeartermsbytheGeneralAssemblyasmaybenecessarytoensurethatthetotalnumberofmembersoftheTrusteeshipCouncilisequallydividedbetweenthoseMembersoftheUnitedNationswhichadministertrustterritoriesandthosewhichdonot.
2.EachmemberoftheTrusteeshipCouncilshalldesignateonespeciallyqualifiedpersontorepresentittherein.FUNCTIONSandPOWERSArticle87TheGeneralAssemblyandunderitsauthoritytheTrusteeshipCouncilincarryingouttheirfunctionsmay:a.considerreportssubmittedbytheadministeringauthority;b.acceptpetitionsandexaminetheminconsultationwiththeadministeringauthority;c.provideforperiodicvisitstotherespectivetrustterritoriesattimesagreeduponwiththeadministeringauthority;andd.taketheseandotheractionsinconformitywiththetermsofthetrusteeshipagreements.Article88TheTrusteeshipCouncilshallformulateaquestionnaireonthepoliticaleconomicsocialandeducationaladvancementoftheinhabitantsofeachtrustterritoryandtheadministeringauthorityforeachtrustterritorywithinthecompetenceoftheGeneralAssemblyshallmakeanannualreporttotheGeneralAssemblyuponthebasisofsuchquestionnaire.VOTINGArticle
891.EachmemberoftheTrusteeshipCouncilshallhaveonevote.
2.DecisionsoftheTrusteeshipCouncilshallbemadebyamajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.PROCEDUREArticle
901.TheTrusteeshipCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedureincludingthemethodofselectingitsPresident.
2.TheTrusteeshipCouncilshallmeetasrequiredinaccordancewithitsruleswhichshallincludeprovisionfortheconveningofmeetingsontherequestofamajorityofitsmembers.Article91TheTrusteeshipCouncilshallwhenappropriateavailitselfoftheassistanceoftheEconomicandSocialCouncilandofthespecializedagenciesinregardtomatterswithwhichtheyarerespectivelyconcerned.ChapterXIVTheInternationalCourtofJusticeArticle92TheInternationalCourtofJusticeshallbetheprincipaljudicialorganoftheUnitedNations.ItshallfunctioninaccordancewiththeannexedStatutewhichisbasedupontheStatuteofthePermanentCourtofInternationalJusticeandformsanintegralpartofthepresentCharter.Article
931.AllMembersoftheUnitedNationsareipsofactopartiestotheStatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJustice.
2.AstatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybecomeapartytotheStatuteoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeonconditionstobedeterminedineachcasebytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.Article
941.EachMemberoftheUnitedNationsundertakestocomplywiththedecisionoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeinanycasetowhichitisaparty.
2.IfanypartytoacasefailstoperformtheobligationsincumbentuponitunderajudgmentrenderedbytheCourttheotherpartymayhaverecoursetotheSecurityCouncilwhichmayifitdeemsnecessarymakerecommendationsordecideuponmeasurestobetakentogiveeffecttothejudgment.Article95NothinginthepresentChartershallpreventMembersoftheUnitedNationsfromentrustingthesolutionoftheirdifferencestoothertribunalsbyvirtueofagreementsalreadyinexistenceorwhichmaybeconcludedinthefuture.Article
961.TheGeneralAssemblyortheSecurityCouncilmayrequesttheInternationalCourtofJusticetogiveanadvisoryopiniononanylegalquestion.
2.OtherorgansoftheUnitedNationsandspecializedagencieswhichmayatanytimebesoauthorizedbytheGeneralAssemblymayalsorequestadvisoryopinionsoftheCourtonlegalquestionsarisingwithinthescopeoftheiractivities.ChapterXVTheSecretariatArticle97TheSecretariatshallcompriseaSecretary-GeneralandsuchstaffastheOrganizationmayrequire.TheSecretary-GeneralshallbeappointedbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.HeshallbethechiefadministrativeofficeroftheOrganization.Article98TheSecretary-GeneralshallactinthatcapacityinallmeetingsoftheGeneralAssemblyoftheSecurityCounciloftheEconomicandSocialCouncilandoftheTrusteeshipCouncilandshallperformsuchotherfunctionsasareentrustedtohimbytheseorgans.TheSecretary-GeneralshallmakeanannualreporttotheGeneralAssemblyontheworkoftheOrganization.Article99TheSecretary-GeneralmaybringtotheattentionoftheSecurityCouncilanymatterwhichinhisopinionmaythreatenthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article
1001.IntheperformanceoftheirdutiestheSecretary-GeneralandthestaffshallnotseekorreceiveinstructionsfromanygovernmentorfromanyotherauthorityexternaltotheOrganization.TheyshallrefrainfromanyactionwhichmightreflectontheirpositionasinternationalofficialsresponsibleonlytotheOrganization.
2.EachMemberoftheUnitedNationsundertakestorespecttheexclusivelyinternationalcharacteroftheresponsibilitiesoftheSecretary-Generalandthestaffandnottoseektoinfluencetheminthedischargeoftheirresponsibilities.Article
1011.ThestaffshallbeappointedbytheSecretary-GeneralunderregulationsestablishedbytheGeneralAssembly.
2.AppropriatestaffsshallbepermanentlyassignedtotheEconomicandSocialCounciltheTrusteeshipCouncilandasrequiredtootherorgansoftheUnitedNations.ThesestaffsshallformapartoftheSecretariat.
3.Theparamountconsiderationintheemploymentofthestaffandinthedeterminationoftheconditionsofserviceshallbethenecessityofsecuringthehigheststandardsofefficiencycompetenceandintegrity.Dueregardshallbepaidtotheimportanceofrecruitingthestaffonaswideageographicalbasisaspossible.ChapterXVIMiscellaneousProvisionsArticle
1021.EverytreatyandeveryinternationalagreemententeredintobyanyMemberoftheUnitedNationsafterthepresentChartercomesintoforceshallassoonaspossibleberegisteredwiththeSecretariatandpublishedbyit.
2.Nopartytoanysuchtreatyorinternationalagreementwhichhasnotbeenregisteredinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofparagraph1ofthisArticlemayinvokethattreatyoragreementbeforeanyorganoftheUnitedNations.Article103IntheeventofaconflictbetweentheobligationsoftheMembersoftheUnitedNationsunderthepresentCharterandtheirobligationsunderanyotherinternationalagreementtheirobligationsunderthepresentChartershallprevail.Article104TheOrganizationshallenjoyintheterritoryofeachofitsMemberssuchlegalcapacityasmaybenecessaryfortheexerciseofitsfunctionsandthefulfilmentofitspurposes.Article
1051.TheOrganizationshallenjoyintheterritoryofeachofitsMemberssuchprivilegesandimmunitiesasarenecessaryforthefulfilmentofitspurposes.
2.RepresentativesoftheMembersoftheUnitedNationsandofficialsoftheOrganizationshallsimilarlyenjoysuchprivilegesandimmunitiesasarenecessaryfortheindependentexerciseoftheirfunctionsinconnexionwiththeOrganization.
3.TheGeneralAssemblymaymakerecommendationswithaviewtodeterminingthedetailsoftheapplicationofparagraphs1and2ofthisArticleormayproposeconventionstotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsforthispurpose.ChapterXVIITransitionalSecurityArrangementsArticle106PendingthecomingintoforceofsuchspecialagreementsreferredtoinArticle43asintheopinionoftheSecurityCouncilenableittobegintheexerciseofitsresponsibilitiesunderArticle42thepartiestotheFour-NationDeclarationsignedatMoscow30October1943andFranceshallinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofparagraph5ofthatDeclarationconsultwithoneanotherandasoccasionrequireswithotherMembersoftheUnitedNationswithaviewtosuchjointactiononbehalfoftheOrganizationasmaybenecessaryforthepurposeofmaintaininginternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article107NothinginthepresentChartershallinvalidateorprecludeactioninrelationtoanystatewhichduringtheSecondWorldWarhasbeenanenemyofanysignatorytothepresentChartertakenorauthorizedasaresultofthatwarbytheGovernmentshavingresponsibilityforsuchaction.ChapterXVIIIAmendmentsArticle108AmendmentstothepresentChartershallcomeintoforceforallMembersoftheUnitedNationswhentheyhavebeenadoptedbyavoteoftwothirdsofthemembersoftheGeneralAssemblyandratifiedinaccordancewiththeirrespectiveconstitutionalprocessesbytwothirdsoftheMembersoftheUnitedNationsincludingallthepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.Article
1091.AGeneralConferenceoftheMembersoftheUnitedNationsforthepurposeofreviewingthepresentChartermaybeheldatadateandplacetobefixedbyatwo-thirdsvoteofthemembersoftheGeneralAssemblyandbyavoteofanyninemembersoftheSecurityCouncil.EachMemberoftheUnitedNationsshallhaveonevoteintheconference.
2.AnyalterationofthepresentCharterrecommendedbyatwo-thirdsvoteoftheconferenceshalltakeeffectwhenratifiedinaccordancewiththeirrespectiveconstitutionalprocessesbytwothirdsoftheMembersoftheUnitedNationsincludingallthepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.
3.IfsuchaconferencehasnotbeenheldbeforethetenthannualsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyfollowingthecomingintoforceofthepresentChartertheproposaltocallsuchaconferenceshallbeplacedontheagendaofthatsessionoftheGeneralAssemblyandtheconferenceshallbeheldifsodecidedbyamajorityvoteofthemembersoftheGeneralAssemblyandbyavoteofanysevenmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.ChapterXIXRatificationandSignatureArticle
1101.ThepresentChartershallberatifiedbythesignatorystatesinaccordancewiththeirrespectiveconstitutionalprocesses.
2.TheratificationsshallbedepositedwiththeGovernmentoftheUnitedStatesofAmericawhichshallnotifyallthesignatorystatesofeachdepositaswellastheSecretary-GeneraloftheOrganizationwhenhehasbeenappointed.
3.ThepresentChartershallcomeintoforceuponthedepositofratificationsbytheRepublicofChinaFrancetheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublicstheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandandtheUnitedStatesofAmericaandbyamajorityoftheothersignatorystates.AprotocoloftheratificationsdepositedshallthereuponbedrawnupbytheGovernmentoftheUnitedStatesofAmericawhichshallcommunicatecopiesthereoftoallthesignatorystates.
4.ThestatessignatorytothepresentCharterwhichratifyitafterithascomeintoforcewillbecomeoriginalMembersoftheUnitedNationsonthedateofthedepositoftheirrespectiveratifications.Article111ThepresentCharterofwhichtheChineseFrenchRussianEnglishandSpanishtextsareequallyauthenticshallremaindepositedinthearchivesoftheGovernmentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.DulycertifiedcopiesthereofshallbetransmittedbythatGovernmenttotheGovernmentsoftheothersignatorystates.INFAITHWHEREOFtherepresentativesoftheGovernmentsoftheUnitedNationshavesignedthepresentCharterDONEatthecityofSanFranciscothetwenty-sixthdayofJuneonethousandninehundredandforty-five.。