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七年级下学期生物期中试卷
1、选择题(共20小题,每题2分,共40分)
1、在口腔可以进行消化的是()A、大米饭B、鸡蛋C、猪肉D、蔬菜叶
2、消化系统的组成包括()A、口腔、食管和胃B、口腔、胃和小肠C、消化管和消化腺D、消化管和胃腺
3、如果胃发生了病变,将主要影响哪种食物在人体内的消化?()A、糖类B、脂肪C、蛋白质D、维生素
4、不经人体消化就可以被直接吸收的物质有()A、蔗糖水B、牛奶C、豆腐D、葡萄糖
5、齐鲁晚报曾刊登一消息某患儿是一个不足四个月的男婴,由于出生后一直服用一种几乎不含蛋白质的劣质牛奶,现已出现了头大、嘴小、脸肿的症状就此案例的因果关系,利用所学知识,找出错误选项()A、蛋白质是构成人体的基本物质B、人体的生长发育离不开蛋白质C、蛋白质还能分解,为人体的生理活动提供能量,是最主要的供能物质D、组织细胞的更新离不开蛋白质
6、加入抗凝血剂的血液静置一段时间后,会看到血液开始出现分层现象,从上到下依次是()A、血浆、血小板、血细胞B、血清、白细胞和血小板、红细胞C、血浆、白细胞、血小板D、血浆、白细胞和血小板、红细胞
7、无偿献血是每位公民的义务,那么一个健康成年人一次献血量应为()A、50~100mLB、200~300mLC、350~400mLD、500~600mL
8、成人在安静状态下的平均心率是()A、100次/分B、50次/分C、75次/分D、58次/分
9、血液流经肺部毛细血管网后,血液的变化情况是()A、仍是动脉血B、仍是静脉血C、静脉血变成动脉血D、动脉血变成静脉血
10、一般所说的血压是()A、体循环的动脉血压B、体循环的经脉血压C、肺循环的动脉血压D、肺循环的静脉血压
11、正常情况下心脏四个腔中相通的是()A、左心房和右心房B、左心室和右心室C、左心房和右心室D、左心房和左心室
12、红细胞并排时不能通过那个管道()A、静脉B、动脉C、毛细血管D、三项都是
13、人体中的血液在各种血管中流动的速度是()A、动脉静脉毛细血管B、毛细血管静脉动脉C、动脉=静脉=毛细血管D、静脉动脉毛细血管
14、小红一家三口的血型各不相同爸爸可以给小红和妈妈输血,小红也可以给妈妈输血,但妈妈既不能给爸爸输血也不能给小红输血则爸爸、妈妈、小红的血腥依次可能是()A、爸爸O型妈妈AB型小红B型B、爸爸O型妈妈A型小红B型C、爸爸AB型妈妈O型小红B型D、爸爸AB型妈妈O型小红A型
15、关于营养卫生和饮食卫生不正确的是()A、合理膳食,按时就餐B、不挑食、不偏食、不暴饮暴食C、预防食物中毒D、饭后运动,帮助消化
16、某人手臂有炎症,经臀大肌注射的青霉素到达炎症部位经过心脏几次?()A、1次B、2次C、3次D、4次
17、为人体提供能量的营养物质中每克平均释放能量最多的是()A、糖类B、蛋白质C、脂肪D、维生素
18、向澄清石灰水中吹气,反复一段时间后,可见石灰水变得,这说明了人体呼出的气体中含有较多的A、澄清 氧气 B、浑浊 二氧化碳 C、澄清 二氧化碳 D、浑浊 氧气
19、经常参加体育锻炼的人,其心脏()A、心率较慢,每搏输出量大B、心率较快,每搏输出量大C、心率较慢,每搏输出量小D、心率较快,每搏输出量小
20、下列早中晚三餐摄入的能量比,比较符合健康要求的是()A、064B、442C、343D、235
二、填空题(每空1分,共16分)
21、检测维生素C的试剂为吲哚酚,它可与维生素C发生褪色反应
22、在消化管中,胃、小肠、大肠具有吸收作用其中绝大部分营养物质由小肠吸收,能够吸收水分和酒精的是胃
23、由心脏和血管组成的血液循环系统,其中心脏是血液运输的动力器官
24、在红细胞里有一种含铁的红色蛋白质叫血红蛋白,它在氧含量多的地方易与氧结合,在氧含量少的地方易与氧分离因此红细胞具有运输氧的功能
25、食物中含有糖类、脂质、蛋白质、水、无机盐、维生素等六类营养物质
三、判断题(每小题1分,共10分)
26、心脏跳动越快,说明心脏越好(×)
27、体内营养物质必须溶解在水里才能运输到身体各个部位(√)
28、胆汁由胆囊分泌,并在胆囊中储存(√)
29、某成年男性高178cm,体重65Kg,按体质指数来看,他的营养状态正常(√)
30、健康人一次献血600mL不会影响健康(×)
31、心脏的左右两侧是不相通的(√)
32、一般情况下,血液中数量最多的是红细胞(√)
33、脂肪在胆汁的乳化作用下,可以分解为甘油和脂肪酸(×)
34、由于血型不合,输血后血小板会凝集成团,造成血管堵塞(×)
35、在血液循环过程中,先进行体循环,后进行肺循环(×)
四、识图作答题(每空1分,共20分)
36、右图是人体心脏结构示意图,据图回答下列问题
(1)写出下列番号代表的结构名称2左心房4左心室6上腔静脉7主动脉
(2)在心脏的1.2.3.4四个腔中,充满动脉血的心腔有
2、4,血管有
7、9;充满静脉血的心腔有
1、3,血管有
5、
6、8
(3)血液在心脏中只能从心房流向心室,从心室流向动脉,而不能倒流,原因是[
10、13]房室瓣和[
11、12]动脉瓣能控制血液流动的方向
37、根据右边血液循环图回答问题
(1)体循环是指血液由
[4]左心室进入
[7]主动脉,再流经全身动脉、毛细血管网、静脉,最后汇集到[
5、10]上下腔静脉,流回
[8]左心房的过程
(2)氧气进入血液,使静脉血变成了动脉血,这个变化在
[1]肺部毛细血管网氧气进入组织细胞,使动脉血变成静脉血,这个过程发生在全身各处毛细血管
五、分析题(本题7分)
38、下表为某成年男子到医院检查血液常规的结果,请帮助诊断一下项目检查结果正常值RBC
3.5×1012g/L男子
5.0×1012女子
4.2×1012WBC
7.0×109g/L(4~10)×109PLT
1.5×1011g/L(1~3)1011Hb80g/L成年男子120g/L~160g/L成年女子110g/L~150g/L1该患者所检查的几项指标是否正常?(3分)答红细胞和血红蛋白均低于正常值2该患者可能患什么病?应采取什么方式治疗(4分)答他可能患有贫血症,应多吃含铁丰富和富含蛋白质的食物
六、简答题(本题7分)
39、请简要叙述一下小肠的哪些结构特点与其吸收的功能项适应答长达5~6米,小肠内有环形皱襞,皱襞上还有小肠绒毛,小肠绒毛由一层上皮细胞构成,有许多毛细血管,有利于物质交换的进行七年级下学期生物期中试卷答案题号12345678910选项ACCDCDBCCA题号11121314151617181920选项DCAADBCBAC
二、填空题(每空1分,共16分)
21、检测维生素C的试剂为吲哚酚,它可与维生素C发生褪色反应
22、在消化管中,胃、小肠、大肠具有吸收作用其中绝大部分营养物质由小肠吸收,能够吸收水分和酒精的是胃
23、由心脏和血管组成的血液循环系统,其中心脏是血液运输的动力器官
24、在红细胞里有一种含铁的红色蛋白质叫血红蛋白,它在氧含量多的地方易与氧结合,在氧含量少的地方易与氧分离因此红细胞具有运输氧的功能
25、食物中含有糖类、脂质、蛋白质、水、无机盐、维生素等六类营养物质
三、判断题(每小题1分,共10分)
26、心脏跳动越快,说明心脏越好(×)
27、体内营养物质必须溶解在水里才能运输到身体各个部位(√)
28、胆汁由胆囊分泌,并在胆囊中储存(√)
29、某成年男性高178cm,体重65Kg,按体质指数来看,他的营养状态正常(√)
30、健康人一次献血600mL不会影响健康(×)
31、心脏的左右两侧是不相通的(√)
32、一般情况下,血液中数量最多的是红细胞(√)
33、脂肪在胆汁的乳化作用下,可以分解为甘油和脂肪酸(×)
34、由于血型不合,输血后血小板会凝集成团,造成血管堵塞(×)
35、在血液循环过程中,先进行体循环,后进行肺循环(×)
四、识图作答题(每空1分,共20分)
36、右图是人体心脏结构示意图,据图回答下列问题
(1)写出下列番号代表的结构名称2左心房4左心室6上腔静脉7主动脉
(2)在心脏的1.2.3.4四个腔中,充满动脉血的心腔有
2、4,血管有
7、9;充满静脉血的心腔有
1、3,血管有
5、
6、8
(3)血液在心脏中只能从心房流向心室,从心室流向动脉,而不能倒流,原因是[
10、13]房室瓣和[
11、12]动脉瓣能控制血液流动的方向
37、根据右边血液循环图回答问题
(1)体循环是指血液由
[4]左心室进入
[7]主动脉,再流经全身动脉、毛细血管网、静脉,最后汇集到[
5、10]上下腔静脉,流回
[8]左心房的过程
(2)氧气进入血液,使静脉血变成了动脉血,这个变化在
[1]肺部毛细血管网氧气进入组织细胞,使动脉血变成静脉血,这个过程发生在全身各处毛细血管
五、分析题(本题7分)
38、下表为某成年男子到医院检查血液常规的结果,请帮助诊断一下项目检查结果正常值RBC
3.5×1012g/L男子
5.0×1012女子
4.2×1012WBC
7.0×109g/L(4~10)×109PLT
1.5×1011g/L(1~3)1011Hb80g/L成年男子120g/L~160g/L成年女子110g/L~150g/L1该患者所检查的几项指标是否正常?(3分)答红细胞和血红蛋白均低于正常值2该患者可能患什么病?应采取什么方式治疗(4分)答他可能患有贫血症,应多吃含铁丰富和富含蛋白质的食物
六、简答题(本题7分)
39、请简要叙述一下小肠的哪些结构特点与其吸收的功能项适应答长达5~6米,小肠内有环形皱襞,皱襞上还有小肠绒毛,小肠绒毛由一层上皮细胞构成,有许多毛细血管,有利于物质交换的进行09-10年生物学七年级下册期中试卷
一、选择题(每小题2分,共60分)1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829301.下列物质中不能为人体生命活动提供能量的是()A.糖类B.维生素C.脂肪D.蛋白质2.处在生长发育的青少年需要大量的蛋白质,为补充优质蛋白质,他们应该适当地多吃哪种食物()A.米饭B.青菜C.瘦肉D.水果3.老年人易患骨质疏松症,是骨中缺少()A.蛋白质B.维生素CC.铁D.钙
4.肝炎病人怕吃油腻食物的原因是()A.唾液分泌过少B.胆汁分泌过少C.胃液分泌过少D.肠液分泌过少5.人体缺少维生素A会患()A.脚气病B.夜盲症C.佝偻病D.坏血病6.小章这几天刷牙时牙龈常常出血你建议他应当多吃一些()A.米饭、馒头B.鱼、肉、奶、蛋C.新鲜蔬菜D.奶油、巧克力7.蛋白质经消化后,转变成可以被小肠吸收的()A.葡萄糖B.氨基酸C.纤维素D.麦芽糖8.人体缺乏维生素D,容易患()A.夜盲症B.脚气病C.坏血病D.佝偻病9.消化道内不含消化酶的消化液是()A.肠液B.胆汁C.胃液D.胰液10.为人类生命活动提供能量的物质最主要的是()A.糖类B.脂肪C.蛋白质D.维生素11.下列哪种营养成分不含有能量()A.蛋白质 B.葡萄糖 C.无机盐 D.脂肪12.若进食的量相同,下列哪一种食物所提供的蛋白质最多()A.苹果B.牛肉C.燕麦D.玉米面13.胰腺的分泌物是()A.胆汁和胰液B.胰液C.胰岛素D.胰液和胰岛素14.下列说法中正确的一项是()A.肺动脉内流动脉血B.肺静脉内流静脉血C.体动脉内流动脉血D.体动脉内流静脉血
15、人体中消化和吸收的主要场所是()A、口腔B、胃C、小肠D、大肠
16、能促进小肠吸收钙和磷的维生素是()A、维生素AB、维生素BC、维生素CD、维生素D
17、下列的食物中,能直接被吸收的是()A、脂肪B、淀粉C、瘦肉D、水
18、米饭是没有甜味的,但在口腔中却出现了甜味,原因是()A、米饭中的糖类变成了氨基酸B、米饭中的糖类变成了麦芽糖C、米饭中的糖类变成了葡萄糖D、米饭中的糖类变成了甘油
19、所有血管中,血流速度最快的是()A、动脉B、静脉C、毛细血管D、某些静脉
20、正常人每升血液中,血小板的含量为()个A、(1~3)×1011B、
5.0×1012C、
4.2×1012D、4~10×
10921、伤口流出的脓液,主要成分是()A、死亡的红细胞B、死亡的血小板C、死亡的白细胞D、死亡的细菌
22、贫血患者应多吃含()丰富的食物A、蛋白质和铁B、蛋白质和锌C、锌和碘D、铁和锌
23、某人血型为B型血,在失血过多的情况下需输血,最好应输()A、A型血B、B型血C、AB型血D、O型血
24、在人体的下列结构中,没有瓣膜的是()A、心脏B、静脉C、动脉D、某些静脉
25、用手捏心脏各腔,感觉哪一个部位肌肉最厚()A、左心房B、左心室C、右心房D、右心室
26、“三大产热营养素”是指()A、糖类、脂肪、维生素B、糖类、脂肪、蛋白质C、糖类、脂肪、无机盐D、糖类、蛋白质、维生素
27、一个人的心率为60次/分,那么他的心动周期为()A、
0.8秒B、1秒C、
0.75秒D、
1.5秒
28、人和植物的呼吸作用具有重要意义,是为细胞的生命活动提供()A、氧气B、水C、营养物质D、能量
29、人体所需的能源中,绝大部分来源于()Xkb
1.comA、糖类B、蛋白质C、脂肪D、维生素
30、血液通过肺循环后,血液成分的变化()A、由动脉血变成静脉血B、养料增多,颜色由鲜红变成暗红C、废物增多,颜色由暗红变成鲜红D、由静脉血变成动脉血
二、非选择题(
31、32题每空1分)新课标第一网
31、根据图一回答问题(括号内填写序号)
(1)、消化食物,吸收营养的主要器官是图一中的[]因为它里面有[]分泌的、[]分泌的、以及其自身腺体分泌的等三种消化液
(2)、营养物质的吸收吸收部分水和酒精的是图中结构[];吸收少量水和无机盐、部分维生素的是[];几乎没有吸收功能的消化管是[]
32、右图为心脏结构图,据图回答
(1)ABCDA、B、C、D连接的血管分别是_______、_______、_______、_______
(2)心脏主要由构成,分为四个腔,其中肌肉最发达的是[](填字母)
(3)在A和C中流动脉血的心腔是[](填字母),Xkb
1.comA与B之间有防止血液倒流的结构,是
33、填写知识概念图每空2分北师大版生物七年级下册复习提纲第八章人体的营养
1、食物中的营养成分主要包括水、无机盐、糖类、脂肪、蛋白质和维生素六大类其中糖类、脂肪、蛋白质能提供能量,它们被称为“三大产热营养素”,提供能量最多的是脂肪;贮能的是脂肪;主要的能源物质是糖类构成细胞的主要物质是水、基本物质是蛋白质无机盐是调节人体某些组织、器官新陈代谢的重要物质,蛋白质是人体生长发育、组织更新和修复的重要原料
2、检测蛋白质用双缩尿试剂,呈现紫色反应;检测维生素C用吲哚酚试剂,呈现褪色反应
3、糖的主要来源是谷类和薯类,蛋白质的主要来源是瘦肉、鱼、奶、蛋和豆类,脂肪的主要来源是肉类、花生、芝麻和植物油植物性食物不含维生素A,但含胡萝卜素,在体内可转化为维生素A,动物性食物含维生素A
4、夜盲症—--缺维生素A;坏血病—--缺维生素C;脚气病—--缺维生素B1;口角炎、皮炎—--缺维生素B2;佝偻病—--缺维生素D和钙
6、人消化系统包括消化道、消化腺两部分消化道包括口腔、咽、食道、胃、小肠、大肠、肛门等消化器官最大的消化腺是肝脏不含消化酶的消化液是胆汁,作用是把食物的大块脂肪变成微小颗粒,从而增加了脂肪颗粒的接触面积,有利于脂肪的消化肠液和胰液消化液含最多种类酶消化管的功能是容纳、磨碎、搅拌和运输食物
7、消化食物的营养成分在消化管内被水解成可吸收的小分子物质的过程吸收指食物中的水、无机盐、维生素,以及食物经过消化后形成的小分子物质,如葡萄糖、氨基酸、甘油、脂肪酸等,通过消化管的黏膜上皮细胞进入血液的过程
8、需要经消化才能吸收的物质有淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪,各自的起始消化部位在口腔、胃、小肠经消化后能被吸收的物质有葡萄糖、甘油、脂肪酸、氨基酸淀粉遇碘会变蓝不用消化可直接吸收的物质有水、无机盐、维生素淀粉在口腔内初步分解为麦芽糖,在小肠内最终分解为葡萄糖蛋白质在胃内初步分解,在小肠内最终分解为氨基酸脂肪在小肠内先通过胆汁的乳化作用,最终消化为甘油和脂肪酸
9、消化和吸收的主要器官是小肠,小肠适于消化、吸收的结构特点1)消化道中最长一段,环行皱襞、小肠绒毛可增大消化和吸收的面积2)绒毛壁、毛细血管壁只由一层上皮细胞构成、有利于营养物质的吸收3)含消化液肠液、胰液、胆汁,可消化糖类、蛋白质、脂肪消化腺唾液腺胃腺肠腺胰腺肝脏消化液唾液胃液肠液胰液胆汁消化液排出入的器官口腔胃小肠消化液所含的消化酶唾液淀粉酶蛋白酶消化糖类、蛋白质、脂肪的酶不含消化酶
10、消化管的各部分的吸收功能口腔、咽、食管无吸收养分的功能胃部分的水和酒精小肠绝大部分的营养物质大肠少量的水、无机盐和部分的维生素
11、营养不良和营养过剩都属于营养失调,造成营养失调的主要原因是不良的饮食习惯和不合理的饮食结构
12、青少年应多吃含蛋白质和钙丰富的食物第九章人体内的物质运输
1、加了抗凝剂(柠檬酸钠)的血液会出现分层的现象血液可分为血浆和血细胞血浆中含量最多的成分是水(90%),血浆主要功能是运载血细胞,运送营养物质和废物血细胞可分为红细胞、白细胞、血小板数量功能相关病症红细胞男
5.0ⅹ1012个/L(血红蛋白120-160g/L)女
4.2ⅹ1012个/L(血红蛋白110-150g/L)运输氧和部分二氧化碳过少贫血病白细胞(4—10)ⅹ109个/L吞噬病菌,防御、保护作用过多炎症血小板(1—3)个ⅹ1011个/L止血和加速凝血的作用过少流血不止
2、血红蛋白是一种含铁蛋白质,呈红色,决定了血液的颜色,它的特性是在氧含量高的地方易与氧结合,在氧含量低的地方易与氧分离
3、贫血是指红细胞的数量少或血红蛋白的含量少,前者的原因是营养不良,后者的原因是缺铁,应多吃含铁和蛋白质丰富的食物
4、动脉血含氧量丰富,颜色鲜红动脉将血液从心脏输送到身体各部位的血管静脉血含氧量较少,颜色暗红静脉将血液从身体各部位送回心脏的血管
5、血浆加抗凝剂,血细胞在下,血浆在上,淡黄色半透明液体,含纤维蛋白原血清不加抗凝剂,血液凝固后在血块的周围出现的黄色透明液体,不含纤维蛋白原
6、血液的功能1)运输氧和二氧化碳、运输营养物质和废物的作用2)防御保护作用3)体温调节
7、ABO型系统包括A型、B型、AB型、O型四种血型输血的原则是输同型血
8、比较三种血管的管壁、弹性、血流速度、功能、分布及出血护理?管壁弹性血流速度功能分布出血状态止血方法动脉较厚大快离心输血分布较深喷射状(鲜红色)近心端止血静脉较薄小慢向心输血有的分布较浅,有的与动脉伴行平静缓流(暗红色)远心端止血毛细血管最薄(只由一层细胞扁平细胞构成)最小最慢进行物质交换分布最广,全身都有慢慢渗出(红色)消毒后包扎
9、毛细血管的五最1)管壁最薄2)血流最慢3)分布最广4)数量最多5)管腔最小
10、心脏可分为四个腔,四腔的关系是同侧心房心室相通,异侧心房心室不相通心脏由心肌构成,当心肌收缩时,血液送到全身,当心肌舒张时,血液回心脏,此时心脏处于休息状态
11、心脏四腔与连接的血管见书38页图左心室——主动脉右心室——肺动脉左心房——肺静脉右心房——上、下腔静脉
12、比较房室瓣、动脉瓣、静脉瓣的位置、开放方向、保证血流的方向?位置开放方向保证血流的方向房室瓣心房与心室之间向心室开心房→心室动脉瓣心室与动脉之间向动脉开心室→动脉静脉瓣在四肢静脉内向心脏方向开静脉→心房心室收缩时房室瓣关闭动脉瓣开放;心室舒张时,动脉瓣关闭,房室瓣开放动脉中没有任何瓣膜
13、每分输出量=每搏输出量χ心率每分输出量也叫心输出量,它是衡量心脏工作能量的一项指标运动员主要通过提高每搏输出量来提高心输出量心动周期=60秒(一分钟)÷心率心脏每收缩和舒张一次为一个心动周期14在一个心动周期中,舒张期比收缩期长的好处在于1)有利于血液流回心脏2)使心肌有充分的时间休息
15、血液循环包括体循环和肺循环两条途径组织细胞氧、营养物质二氧化碳等废物左心室主动脉全身动脉毛细血管网各级静脉上、下腔静脉右心房左心房肺静脉肺部毛细血管网肺动脉右心室氧二氧化碳肺泡小结1)各循环都是从心室开始的,终止于心房2)体循环流出的是动脉血,流回的是静脉血;肺循环流出的是静脉血,流回的是动脉血3)两个循环同时进行,最后在心脏汇合,形成一条完整的循环途径4)在全身组织细胞毛细血管处血液由动脉血变成静脉血在肺部毛细血管处血液由静脉血变成动脉血5)心脏左侧流动脉血,右侧流静脉血
16、血压血液在血管内向前流动时,对血管壁产生的侧压力我们通常所说的血压是体循环的动脉血压它的表示方式收缩压/舒张压可用血压计在上臂肱动脉处测得其数值通常用千帕千帕斯卡来表示心脏收缩时,动脉血压所达到的最高数值,叫收缩压心脏舒张时,动脉血压所达到的最低数值,叫舒张压健康成年人收缩压正常值是12~
18.7千帕,舒张压为8~12千帕
17、血液循环系统由心脏和血管组成手上的“青筋”指的是静脉
18、成年人的血量约为体重的7%-8%,失血达1200ML以上会有生命危险一次失血不超过400ML不会影响健康提倡无偿献血一次献血200---300ML
19、脉搏是指动脉的搏动,次数与心率相同,但意义不同,它测量的部位在桡动脉第十章人体的能量供应
1、食物的热价是指每克食物在体外充分燃烧时释放的能量,单位是KJ/g食物中各成分贮存的能量的大小脂肪38KJ/g,蛋白质23KJ/g,糖类17KJ/g
2、人体呼出气体与吸入的气体(空气)比较氧气含量减少了,二氧化碳含量增加了
3、呼吸作用生物体细胞内葡萄糖等有机物氧化分解并释放能量的过程它的意义在于为生命活动提供动力
4、呼吸系统包括呼吸道、肺两部分其中呼吸道又可包括鼻、咽、喉、气管、支气管等器官呼吸道的作用是1)气体进出肺的通道2)能温暖、湿润、清洁吸入的气体肺的作用是气体交换的场所痰的形成部位是在气管和支气管
5、肺位于胸腔内,左右各一个,由细支气管的树状分支和肺泡组成是主要的呼吸器官它具有的特点
①肺泡数量多,总面积大
②肺泡外面包绕着丰富的毛细血管和弹性纤维
③肺泡壁和毛细血管壁薄,仅由单层细胞构成等,所以很适合进行气体交换
6、消化和呼吸的共同器官是咽咽是食物和空气进入体内的共同通道呼吸时会使软骨像抬起的盖子,使空气畅通无阻;吞咽时,又像盖子一样盖住喉口,以免食物进入气管,为此,我们吃饭时不能大声说笑,否则会厌软骨来不及盖住喉入口,食物进入气管,容易引起剧烈的咳嗽
7、呼吸运动是胸廓的扩大和缩小的运动胸廓是由脊柱、肋骨、胸骨及肋间肌组成,底部由膈封闭
8、肋间外肌收缩→肋骨上提并外展,胸骨上移→胸廓的横径加大膈肌收缩隔顶下降胸廓的纵径加长→胸廓容积扩大→肺容积扩张→新鲜空气由呼吸道进入肺,即吸气肋间外肌和膈肌舒张→胸廓容积缩小→肺容积缩小→肺泡内部分气体排出提外,即呼气因此,是胸廓的变化才引起吸气和呼气通过呼吸运动实现了肺的通气
9、人体的气体交换过程主要包括肺通气、肺的换气和组织气体交换它们的区别如下概念实现方式表示方式结果肺的通气外界与肺泡之间进行气体交换的过程呼吸运动呼气与吸气肺的换气肺泡与血液之间进行氧气和二氧化碳的交换气体扩散氧气肺泡血液二氧化碳静脉血变动脉血组织气体交换血液与组织细胞之间进行的氧气和二氧化碳的交换气体扩散氧气血液组织细胞二氧化碳动脉血变静脉血
10、气体在血液中的运输人体血液中的氧气与血红蛋白结合,以氧合血红蛋白形式在血液中运输,大部分的二氧化碳在血浆中运输第十一章人体代谢废物的排出
1、排泄是人体将代谢废物如二氧化碳、尿素等以及多余的水和无机盐排出体外的过程
2、人体的代谢废物包括尿素、二氧化碳、水、无机盐粪便不是代谢废物
3、人体排泄的途径1)排汗(皮肤)一部分的水和少量的无机盐、尿素2)呼气(呼吸系统)二氧化碳、少量的水3)排尿(泌尿系统)绝大部分的水、无机盐和尿素(最主要的排泄途径)
4、排泄的意义1)将代谢废物排出体外2)调节体内水与无机盐的含量平衡3)维持细胞生活环境的稳定排粪便是排食物残渣,不算是排泄
5、泌尿系统的组成
①肾脏有形成尿液的功能
②输尿管输送尿液
③膀胱暂时储存尿液的功能
④尿道排出尿液的功能其中,最主要的器官是肾脏,构成肾脏的基本单位是肾单位,每个肾脏由100多万个肾单位构成肾脏可分为皮质、髓质和肾盂肾单位包括肾小体和肾小管肾小体由肾小球和肾小囊组成,主要分布在皮质;肾小球主要分布在髓质书
61、62页图
6、尿的形成1)肾小球滤过作用血液流经肾小球时,除血细胞和大分子蛋白质外,血浆中的一部分水、无机盐、葡萄糖和尿素等物质由肾小球滤过到肾小囊中形成原尿2)肾小管的重吸收作用原尿流经肾小球时,原尿中的有用物质如大部分的水、部分无机盐和全部的葡萄糖等被肾小管重新吸收进入血液中,剩下的物质形成尿液
7、原尿是通过肾小球的滤过作用,在肾小囊中形成的尿液是通过肾小管的重吸收作用后形成的
8、血液流经肾脏需经过2次毛细血管,分别是在肾小球和肾小管周围,在前者,血液的氧含量没有发生变化,在后者氧含量发生了变化由动脉血变成静脉血
9、肾小球是毛细血管球,它两端连接的都是动脉出球小动脉两端都是毛细血管网
10、血浆、原尿和尿液成分上的区别只有血浆中有血细胞和大分子蛋白质;原尿中没有大分子物质但有葡萄糖;尿液中没有葡萄糖
11、尿液排出的途径肾脏→输尿管→膀胱→尿道→体外
12、尿液异常与其相对应可能发生病变的肾的结构尿液中出现红细胞、蛋白质→肾小球尿液中出现葡萄糖→肾小管尿量多→肾小管
13、尿液的形成是连续的,排出是间歇的
14、皮肤包括表皮和真皮位置构成厚度结构及作用表皮外上皮组织较薄无血管角质层—保护生发层—分裂产生新细胞真皮内结缔组织较厚弹性纤维和胶原纤维—-弹性和韧性丰富的毛细血管—-运输、调节体温神经末梢—-感受外界刺激附属结构毛发、汗腺、皮脂腺、指(趾)甲等
15、一位同学在削铅笔时不小心划破了手指,流出了血,那至少伤到了皮肤的真皮
16、排汗不仅起到排泄作用,还可以调节体温汗腺包括分泌部和导管两部分第十二章人体的自我调节
1、人的自我调节方式主要有神经调节和激素调节两大类型其中神经调节具有主导作用
2、神经系统由脑、脊髓和它们发出的神经组成它可分为中枢神经系统(脑、脊髓)和周围神经系统(脑神经12对、脊神经31对)
3、神经元是神经系统结构和功能的基本单位,由胞体(代谢中心)和突起组成突起包括树突和轴突树突短,是树状分支;轴突长,分支少神经元的功能具有接受刺激、产生冲动、传导冲动的功能
4、反射是通过神经系统对刺激做出的规律性反应神经调节的基本方式是反射,完成反射过程的结构是反射弧
5、反射弧的结构包括
①感应器感受刺激,产生冲动
②传入神经元传导冲动到神经中枢
③神经中枢接受传来的冲动产生新的神经冲动
④传出神经元把新的神经冲动由神经中枢传致效应器
⑤效应器接受冲动,引起相应的肌肉和腺体活动神经冲动在反射弧上传导的方向感应器→传入神经元→神经中枢→传出神经元→效应器
6、神经中枢位于灰质内,由功能相同的神经元胞体汇聚形成
7、反射的类型非条件反射是生来就已经建立的先天性反射条件反射是在出生以后个体生活中逐渐形成的后天性反射(条件反射比非条件反射高级,它是建立在非条件反射的基础上的)两者的比较如下表比较项目非条件反射条件反射形成过程生来就有的出生后在生活过程中逐渐形成的神经中枢大脑皮层以下大脑皮层刺激非条件刺激条件刺激,可由任何可以感受的无关刺激转化而来神经联系固定不变的暂时的、可变的适应范围小,只适应不变的环境大,可适应多变的环境能够对语言和文字的刺激建立的条件反射是人类条件反射的最突出特征
8、大脑皮层是人体最高级的中枢,有躯体感觉、躯体运动、语言、视觉、听觉等中枢,其中语言中枢是人类特有的,躯体运动和躯体感觉中枢是对侧控制的
9、眼球的结构书81页图
10、视觉的形成物体反射的光线→角膜→瞳孔→晶状体→玻璃体→视网膜成像→视神经→大脑皮层的视觉中枢,形成视觉我们能看清远近不同的物体的原因睫状体舒缩,调节晶状体的曲度,从而使远近不同的物象都能清晰地成像在视网膜上,所以我们能看清远近不同的物体
11、近视是因为眼球前后径过长或晶状体曲度过大,使得物体在视网膜前方成像造成的,可用凹透镜矫正远视是因为眼球前后径过短或晶状体曲度过小,使得物体在视网膜后方成像造成的,可用凸透镜矫正
12、听觉的形成外界声波→外耳道→鼓膜(鼓膜产生振动)→听小骨(锤、钻、镫)→耳蜗(耳蜗内感受器受到振动的刺激,产生冲动)→位听视经→大脑皮层听觉中枢,形成听觉
13、视觉感受器视网膜听觉感受器耳蜗头部位置感受器前庭和半规管嗅觉感受器嗅黏膜味觉感受器味蕾
14、四种味觉及其最敏感的部位——酸舌的外侧甜舌尖咸舌尖苦舌根
15、人体触觉最敏感的部位唇、舌尖、鼻尖另外,肢体的腹侧面比相对应的背侧面触觉要敏感
16、冷感受器——感受冷刺激的感受器温感受器——感受温刺激的感受器
17、耳的结构外耳耳廓收集声波外耳道传送声波鼓膜产生振动中耳鼓室咽鼓管与咽部相通听小骨由锤骨,钻骨和镫骨组成听骨链耳蜗含听觉感受器内耳前庭含头部位置变动的感受器半规管含头部位置变动的感受器
18、如果感受器持续受到某种刺激,其产生冲动的能力会随刺激持续时间的延长而减弱,这叫感受器的适应19外分泌腺与内分泌腺的区别腺体类别导管分泌物去向举例外分泌腺有导管进入体内管腔或排出体外唾液腺、肝脏、肠腺、胃腺、皮脂腺等内分泌腺无导管进入腺体内的毛细血管垂体、甲状腺、肾上腺、胰岛、性腺等
19、激素在人体内,由内分泌腺所分泌的具有重要调节作用的物质它们在血液中量虽少但作用非常显著,特别是对于新陈代谢、生长发育和生殖的调节是不可缺少的激素名称产生部位主要功能异常症生长激素垂体促进生长幼年不足→侏儒症;过多→巨人症;成年过多→肢端肥大症性激素性腺促进生殖器官的生长发育,激发并维持第二性征甲状腺激素甲状腺促进新陈代谢,促进生长发育,提高神经系统兴奋性幼年不足→呆小症(智力低下)成年不足→甲状腺功能低下分泌过多→甲状腺功能亢进(简称“甲亢”)缺碘导致合成过少地方性甲状腺肿(大脖子病)胰岛素胰岛降低血糖浓度分泌过少——糖尿病
20、侏儒症与呆小症异同相同点患者都是从幼年患病且身材都矮小不同点“侏儒症”是由于患者在幼年时生长激素分泌不足引起生长缓慢,患者身材矮小但智力一般正常“呆小症”是由于甲状腺功能不足,甲状激素分泌过少,造成生长发育迟缓,患者不仅身材矮,生殖器官不发育且智力低下
21、孕妇在怀孕时缺碘,生出来的婴儿会患呆小症
22、预防地方性甲状腺肿的措施1)食盐加碘2)常吃含碘丰富的海带等海产品第13章传染病及人体免疫
1、病原体——能引起人或动物患病的生物,如细菌、病毒和寄生虫等
2、传染病——由病原体引起的,能在人与人间或人与动物间传播的疾病
3、特点——传染性和流传性
4、传染病流行的基本环节1)、传染源——能够散播病原体的人或动物,可是患者也可是携带者2)、传播途径——病原体离开传染源到达健康人所经过的途径,可为空气传播、饮食传播生物媒介传播等3)、易感人群对某种传染病缺少免疫力而容易感染该病的人群
四、传染病的预防措施如果控制传染病流行的三个基本环节中,缺少了其中任何一个环节,传染病就不能流行了,所以预防措施如下1)控制传染源当人体发病初期表现出来的传染病症状的时候,传染性最强对传染病人要尽可能做到早发现、早诊断、早报告、早治疗、早隔离,对患传染病的动物也应及时处理2)切断传播途径主要是讲究个人卫生和环境卫生消灭各种传播疾病的媒介生物,如蚊、蝇、蚤等,进行一些必要的消毒工作3)保护易感人群不要让易感人群与传染源接触;让易感人群预防接种;加强体育锻炼,增强体质,可以提高他们的抗病能力
5、从传染病流行的三个环节来看,流行性感冒流行时,流感患者是传染源,含有流感病毒的飞沫是传播途径周围对该病缺乏抵抗力的人则是易感人群
6、第一道防线——皮肤和黏膜的屏障作用第二道防线——白细胞的吞噬作用和溶菌酶的杀菌作用第三道防线——组成免疫器官(脾、淋巴结)、免疫细胞(淋巴细胞)功能产生抗体,消除病原体(抗原)一定的抗体能与一定的抗原结合,使抗原清除或病原体失去致病性抗原被清除后,身体仍保持产生相应抗体的能力,当同样的抗原再次侵入人体时,身体就会产生大量的抗体所以患过水痘、天花的人就不会再患了免疫种类形成功能非特异性免疫遗传而来,人人生来就有对一切病原体都起作用特异性免疫只有在出生以后,与该病原体经过斗争的人才有,不能遗传对某一中特定病原体起作用
7、免疫的功能1)排除和消灭侵入人体的病原微生物,维护人体健康2)及时清除体内衰老的、死亡的或损伤的细胞3)随时识别和清除体内产生的异常细胞
8、抗原——引起人体产生抗体的物质抗体——身体免疫系统受抗原刺激后产生的一类蛋白质,能与相应的抗原发特异性结合,主要存在于血清中
9、计划免疫——在易感人群中有计划地进行预防接种92年前要求12岁以下儿童接受“四苗”,92年后增加一苗
10、“五苗”卡介苗——结核病;百白破——百日咳、白喉、破伤风;脊髓灰质炎疫苗——小儿麻痹症;麻疹疫苗——麻疹希望它对你能有帮助哦!!!(英文版)Tworegulationspromulgatedforimplementationisinthepartyinpowerforalongtimeandtheruleoflawconditionstheimplementationofcomprehensivestrictlystrategicplanimplementationinaccordancewiththerulesanddisciplinetomanagethepartystrengtheninner-partysupervisionofmajorinitiatives.ThetworegulationssupportingeachotherthecodeadheretoapositiveadvocatefocusingonmoralityisofPartymembersandPartyleadingcadrescanseeenoughtogetahighstandard;rulearoundthepartydisciplinedisciplinaryrulerrequirementslistedasnegativelistfocusingonverticalgaugedrawthepartyorganizationsandPartymembersdonottouchthebottomline.Herethemainfromfoursquarefacetwopartyrulesofinterpretation:thefirstpartintroducestwopartyRevisedregulationsthenecessityandtherevisionprocess;thesecondpartistheinterpretationofthetwofundamentalprinciplesoftherevisionoflawsandregulationsintheparty;thethirdpartintroducestwopartyregulationsmodifiedthemainchangesandneedstograspseveralkeyproblems;thefourthpartonhowtograsptheimplementationofthetworegulationsoftheparty.codeandRegulationsrevisedthenecessityandrevisedhistoryoftheCPCCentralCommitteetheamendmenttotheChineseCommunistPartymembersandleadingcadreshonestpoliticsseveralguidelinesandChineseCommunistPartydisciplineandPunishmentRegulationscolumn1by2015tostrengthenpartylawsandregulationsfocus.TwopartyregulationsrevisionworklastedaYearspoolingthewisdomofthewholepartyideologicalconsensusdrawhistoricalexperiencerespectforthewisdomofourpredecessorswhichreflectstheunityofinheritanceandinnovation;followthecorrectdirectiongraspthelimitedgoalsadheretothepartysleadershiptosolvethemassesofthepeoplereflectafocusontheproblem.Thenewrevisionofthecodeandrulereflectsthepartys18andtheeighthsessionofthethirdthespiritofthefourthplenarysessionreflectingtheexperienceofstudyingandimplementingtheGeneralSecretaryXiJinpingseriesofimportantspeechreflectsthepartyseighteenyearscomprehensivestrictlypractice.arevisedtworegulationsofthepartyneedoftheICACguidelinesinin1997LeadersasmembersoftheCommunistPartyofChinacleanpoliticscertaincriteriaTrialbasedonrevisedthepromulgationandimplementationofJanuary2010tostrengthentheconstructionofthecontingentofleadingcadresplayanimportantrole.Butwiththepartytomanagethepartystrictlyadministeringthedeepeninghasnotbeenabletofullymeettheactualneeds.Contentistoocomplicatedeightprohibition52arenotallowedtohardtorememberandalsodifficulttoputintopractice;thesecondisconciselypositiveadvocatedbythelackofprohibitedprovisionsexcessivenoautonomyrequirements;thethirdisbannedtermsanddisciplinelawbothwiththepartydisciplinedisciplinaryregulationsrepeatandCriminallawandotherlawsandregulationsrepeat;thefourthistocleanthethemeisnotprominentnotfortheexistingproblemsandisnarrowonlyneedleofcounty-levelleadingcadresabove.ruleisin1997ChineseCommunistPartydisciplinarycasesTrialbasedonrevisioninDecember2003thepromulgationandimplementationtostrengthentheconstructionofthepartyplayveryimportantrole.Alongwiththedevelopmentofthesituationwhichmanyprovisionshavebeenunabletofullymeetthecomprehensivestrictlyadministeringthepracticeneeds.OneisJilawmorethanhalfoftheprovisionsandcriminallawandothercountrieslawsandregulationsRepetition;twoisthepoliticaldisciplineregulationsisnotprominentnotspecificforviolationofthepartyconstitutiondamagetheauthorityofPartyConstitutionofmisconductlacknecessaryandseriousresponsibilitytopursue;thirdisthemaindisciplinefortheleadingcadresdoesnotcoverallPartymembers.Basedontheabovesituationneedtothecriterionofacleanandhonestadministrationandrulethetwoislikelytobemorerelevantregulationsfirstamendment.ByrevisingreallyputtheauthorityofPartydisciplinetheseriousnessinthepartytreeandcallupthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresofthepartyconstitutionofpartycompassespartyconsciousness.IItwopartyregulationsrevisionprocesstheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaattachesgreatimportancetotworegulationsrevision.XiJinpinggeneralbooksrecordedintheFifthPlenarySessionoftheeighthsessionoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionontherevisedregulationsmadeclearinstructions.AccordingtothecentraldeploymenttheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionfrom2014undersixmonthsbeginstudytworegulationsrevision.TheStandingCommitteeoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection4reviewrevised.ComradeWangQishan14timesheldaspecialmeetingtostudytworegulationsrevisionamendmentclarifiesthedirectionmajorissuesofprinciplepathandtargetrespectivelyheldaforumwilllistentopartoftheprovinceareasecretaryofthePartycommitteeSecretaryoftheDisciplineInspectionCommissionpartofthecentralministriesandstateorgansDepartmentThefirstpartycommitteeismainlyresponsibleforpeopleviewsofexpertsandscholarsandgrassrootspartyorganizationsandPartymembers.ApprovedbytheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaon7September2015thegeneralofficeoftheCentralCommitteeofthePartyissuedanoticetosolicittheprovincesautonomousregionsmunicipalitiesPartythecentralministriesandcommissionsstateministriesandcommissionsofthePartypartytheGeneralPoliticalDepartmentofthemilitaryevery3peopleorganizationofPartyoftworegulationsrevisionopinion.CentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionofextensivesolicitationofopinionscarefulstudyattractingformedarevisedsentreviewers.InOctober8andOctober12CentralCommitteePoliticalBureauStandingCommitteeandthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommitteeAfterconsiderationofthetworegulationsreviseddraft.OnOctober18theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaformallyissuedtworegulations.Cansaytwolawsamendmentconcentratedthewisdomofthewholepartyembodiestheparty.SecondcodeandRegulationsrevisionofthebasicprinciplesoftwopartyregulationsrevisionworkandimplementthepartyseighteenteneightplenarythespiritoftheFourthPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeandGeneralSecretaryXiJinpingimportantinstructionsontherevisedlowpoliticalcriterionandRegulationshighlightingtherulingpartycharacteristicsseriousdisciplinethedisciplinequiteinfrontofthelawbasedonthecurrentalong-termadvanceasawholewithBuXiudingindependentruleandrule.Mainprincipleis:firstadheretothepartyconstitutiontofollow.Theconstitutionaboutdisciplineandself-disciplinerequiredspecificawakenthepartyconstitutionofpartycompassespartyconsciousnessmaintainingtheauthorityoftheconstitution.GeneralSecretaryXiJinpingpointedoutthatnorulesnosideround.Partyconstitutionisthefundamentallawthepartymustfollowthegeneralrules.Inearly2015heldtheeighthsessionoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionFifthPlenarySessionofthe16thCentralCommitteeXiJinpingagainpointedoutthatconstitutionisthepartymustfollowthegeneralrulesbutalsothegeneralrules.therevisionofthecodeandruleisMethodinadheretotheregulationsestablishedforthepurposeofcombiningruleofvirtueistoadheretothepartyconstitutionasafundamentaltofollowtheconstitutionauthoritysetupwakeupthepartyconstitutionandpartyrulesthesenseofdisciplinethepartyconstitutionaboutdisciplineandself-disciplinespecificrequirements.4secondistoadheretoinaccordancewiththeregulationsgoverningthepartyandtheparty.ThePartyofruleofvirtuedemainlyreferstothepartysidealsandbeliefsexcellenttraditionalstyle.Therevisedthecodecloselylinkedtotheself-disciplineinsistingonthepositiveinitiativeforallmembershighlightthevitalfewemphasizedself-disciplinefocusingonthemoralityandthemajorityofPartymembersandtheideologicalandmoralstandards.TherevisedJimethodseparatelyJiJiYantoMethodasanegativelistemphasizingtheheteronomyfocusingonverticalgauge.IsthisonehighandonelowapositivereactionthestrictpartydisciplineandpracticeresultstransformationfortheintegrationofthewholepartytoobservemoralanddisciplinerequirementsforthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresprovidesbenchmarkingandruler.Thirdinsistonto.InviewoftheproblemsexistinginthepartyatthepresentstagethemainproblemsofPartymembersandcadresintheaspectofself-disciplineandabidebythedisciplinetomakeclearlydefinedespeciallythepartyseighteenyearsstrictpoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrulesorganizationanddisciplineandtoimplementthecentraleightprovisionsofthespiritagainstthefourwindsandotherrequirementsintoDisciplinaryprovisions.Notonepacereachsthedesignatedpositionfocusingoninlinewithrealitypragmaticandeffective.AftertherevisionofmajorchangesmajorchangesinthecodeandrulemodifiedandneedstograspseveralkeyproblemsacodecodeadheretoaccordingtoregulationsgoverningthepartyandpartywithmoralsincombinationforatthepresentstagetheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresandPartymembersinexistingmainproblemsofself-disciplineputforwardprinciplesrequirementsandspecificationsshowingCommunistsnoblemoralpursuitreflectedatalltimesandinallovertheworldethicsfromhighfromlow5commonrequirements.Oneiscloselylinkedtotheself-disciplineremovalandnodirectrelationtotheprovisionsof.thesecondisadheretoapositiveadvocateeightprohibition52arenotallowedtoaboutthecontentofthenegativelistmovedintosynchronizationamendmentcases.ThreeisforallthepartymemberswillapplyobjectfromtheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadrestoexpandtoallPartymembersfullyembodiesthecomprehensivestrictlyrequired.ThefourthisprominentkeyminorityseizetheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresisthekeyandputforwardhigherrequirementsthantheordinaryPartymembers.Fiveistosimplifyandstrivetoachieveconciseeasytounderstandeasytoremember.TherevisedcodeistherulingPartysincethefirstinsistsonapositiveadvocateforAllPartymembersandtheself-disciplinenormsmoraldeclarationissuedtoallmembersofthepartyandtheNationalPeoplessolemncommitment.criterionofacleanandhonestadministrationconsistsof4parts18morethan3600words.Aftertherevisionofthecodeatotalofeight281wordsincludingleadspecificationandPartymembercadrecleanfingeredself-disciplinenormsetc.Part3memberslow-costcleanandself-disciplinethemaincontentscanbesummarizedasfourmusteightcode.Leadpartreiteratedonidealandfaithfundamentalpurposethefinetraditionsandworkstylenoblesentimentssuchasfourmusttheprincipleofrequirementsstrongtoneofself-disciplineThehigherrequestfor6andsupervisedtenetthefootholdinpermanentBaothepartysadvancednatureandpuritytoreflecttherevisedstandardsrequirements.Membersofself-disciplinenormsaroundthepartymembershowtocorrectlytreatanddealwiththepublicandprivatecheapandrotthriftyandextravagancebittermusicputforwardthefournorms.Partyleadercadrecleanfingeredself-disciplinenormsfortheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresofthevitalfewaroundthecleanpoliticsfromcivilservantofthecolortheexerciseofpowermoralintegrityagoodfamilytraditionandotheraspectsoftheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresofthefournormsnormnorm.ThePartymembersself-disciplinenormsandpartymembersandleadingcadrecleanfingeredself-disciplinenormsatotalofeightcollectivelyreferredtoastheeight.FourmustandeightofthecontentfromthepartyconstitutionandPartysseveralgenerationofleadersespeciallyXiJinpinggeneralsecretaryoftheimportantdiscussionrefertothethreedisciplineandeightpointsforattentionstatementsandreferencesomeembodytheChinesenationexcellenttraditionalcultureessenceofepigrams.2therevisedregulationsthemainchangesintherevisedRegulationstofullyadapttothestrictlyrequirementsreflectstheaccordingtotheregulationsgoverningthelawofrecognitionofdeepeningtherealizationofthedisciplineconstructionandJinJu.ruleispartyarulermembersofthebasiclineandfollow.AndthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresofPartyorganizationsatalllevelsshouldadheretothebottomlineofthinkingfeardisciplineholdthebottomlineasapreventivemeasuretokeepthepartysadvancednatureandpurity.1respectfortheconstitutionrefinementanddiscipline.RevisedrulefromcomprehensivecombphysicalconstitutionbeganthepartyconstitutionandotherregulationsofthePartyofPartyorganizationsandPartydisciplinerequirementsrefinementclearlydefinedinviolationofthepartyconstitutionwillbeinaccordancewithregulationstogivethecorrespondingdisciplinaryaction.Theoriginal10categoriesofmisconductintegrationspecificationforpoliticaldisciplinedisciplinehonestyanddisciplinemassesJiLawanddisciplineanddisciplineandothersixcategoriesthecontentofrulerealreturntoPartydisciplineforthemajorityofPartymembersandlistedanegativelist.72highlightingthepoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrules.RegulationsaccordingtothestageofthedisciplineofoutstandingperformanceemphasizingpoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrulesorganizationanddisciplineinoppositiontothepartysleadershipandthepartysbasictheorybasiclinebasicprogramandbasicexperiencethebasicrequirementofbehaviormadeprescribedpunishmentincreasethecliquesagainsttheorganizationsuchasviolationoftheprovisionstoensurethatthecentralgovernmentdecreesandthePartyofcentralizedandunified.3adheretostrictdisciplineinthelawanddisciplineInfrontJiseparated.RevisedRegulationsadheretotheproblemorienteddoJiseparated.Anynationallawexistingcontentwillnotrepeattheprovisionsthetotalremovalof79andcriminallawrepeatthecontentofthepublicsecuritymanagementpunishmentlawandotherlawsandregulations.InthegeneralreiteratedthatpartyorganizationsandPartymembersmustconscientiouslyacceptthepartysdisciplinedievancomplywithnationallawsandregulations;atthesametimetoinvestigateviolationsofPartymembersandevencriminalbehaviorofPartydisciplineandresponsibilityRegulationsdistinguishfivedifferentconditionswithspecialprovisionsweremadeprovisionssoastorealizetheconnectionofPartydisciplineandstatelaw.4reflectWindbuildingandanti-corruptionstruggleofthelatestachievements.rulethepartyseighteenyearsimplementthespiritofthecentralprovisionsoftheeightagainsttherequirementsofthefourwindsandtransformationfordisciplinaryprovisionsreflectingthestyleconstructionisalwaysontheroadnotagustofwind.Inthefightagainstcorruptionoutofnewproblemsincreasethetradingrightstheuseofauthorityrelativesprofitandotherdisciplinaryterms.Prominentdisciplineofthemassesthenewagainsttheinterestsofthemassesandignorethedemandsofthemassesandotherdisciplinarytermsandmakeprovisionsofthedispositionandthedestructionofthepartysclosetieswiththemasses.Disciplinetoprotectthepartyspurpose.8oftheseregulationsatotalofthreeseriesChapter15178morethan24000wordsaftertherevisionoftheregulationsatotalof3seriesChapter1113317000wordsdividedintogeneralandspecialprovisionsandSupplementaryProvisionsPart
3.Amongthemadddeletemodifytheprovisionsoftheproportionofuptonearly90%.1thegeneralgeneralisdividedintofivechapters.ThefirstchaptertotheregulationsoftheguidingideologyprinciplesandscopeofapplicationoftheprovisionshighlightthestrengtheningofthepartyconstitutionconsciousnessmaintenancetheauthorityofPartyConstitutionincreasethepartyorganizationsandPartymembersmustabidebythepartyconstitutionYanCentralizedcentralizedwouldexamineatalllevelsoftheamendedprovisionsimplementingandmaintainingPartydisciplineandconsciouslyacceptthepartydisciplineexemplarycompliancewithnationallawsandregulations.Thesecondchapterofdisciplineconceptdisciplinaryactiontypesandeffectsoftheregulationswillbeaseriouswarningfromtheoriginalayearforayearandahalf;increasethePartyCongressrepresentativebyleavingthepartyaboveincludingleaveprobationpunishmentthepartyorganizationshouldbeterminateditsrepresentativequalificationprovisions.Thethirdchapterofthedisciplinaryrulesofuseprescribedinthedisciplinerectifyingprocessnonconvergencenotclosehandclassifiedasseverelyorheavierpunishment.DisciplinestraightenAtleasteighteenyearsoffiveyearsthesefiveyearsistopaycloseattentiontotheprovisionsofthecentraleightimplementationandanti-fourwinds.ThefourthchapteronsuspicionofillegalpartydisciplinarydistinguishfivedifferentconditionswithspecialprovisionsweremadeprovisionstoachieveeffectiveconvergenceofPartyandcountry9method.ruletheprovisionsofArticle27Partyorganizationsinthedisciplinaryreviewfoundthatpartymembershavecommittedembezzlementbriberyderelictionofdutyderelictionofdutyandothercriminallawactissuspectedofcommittingacrimeshallgivecancelpartypostsprobationorexpelledfromtheparty.ThesecondisRegulationsArticle28theprovisionsofPartyorganizationsinthedisciplinaryreviewButfoundthatpartymembersarestipulatedinthecriminallawalthoughnotinvolvedinacrimeshallbeinvestigatedforPartydisciplineandresponsibilityshouldbedependingonthespecificcircumstancesshallbegivenawarninguntilexpelledpunishment.Thissituationandadifferenceisthattheformerregulationbehaviorhasbeensuspectedofacrimethefeelingisquitestrictandthelatterforthebehaviornotinvolvingcrimeonlytheobjectiveperformanceoftheprovisionsofthecriminalcodeofbehaviorbuttheplotisacrimetoslightly.Regulationsthe29provisionsPartyorganizationsinthedisciplinereviewfoundthatpartymembersandotherillegalbehavioraffectthepartysimagethedamagetothepartythestateandthepeoplesinterestsweshoulddependonthesituationSeriousnessgivendisciplinaryaction.ThelossofPartymembersseriouslydamagingthepartysimageofbehaviorshouldbegivenexpelledfromtheparty.Atthisarticleispartymemberisinviolationofthecriminallawoutsidetheotherillegalactssuchasviolatesthepublicsecurityadministrationpunishmentlawcustomslawfinanciallawsandregulationsbehavior.ThefourthiscasesArticle32stipulatesminorpartymembersandthecircumstancesofthecrimethepeoplesProcuratorateshallmakeadecisionnottoinitiateaprosecutionorthepeoplescourtshallmakeaconvictionandexemptedfromcriminalpunishmentshallbegivenwithinthepartyisremovedfromhispostprobationorexpelledfromtheparty.PartymembersandcrimesheetswerefinedinaccordancewithForacts;theprincipalOrdinanceamendedtheprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraph.ThisisthenewcontentinordertoachieveJimethodeffectiveconvergence.Fiveisthethirtythirdarticle10oftheprovisionsthePartymemberduetoanintentionalcrimeissentencedtocriminallawincludingprobationsheetsoradditionaldeprivationofpoliticalrights;duetonegligencecrimeandwassentencedtothreeyearsormoreexcludingthreeyearsapenaltyshallgiveexpelledpunishment.Duetonegligencecrimeisconvictedandsentencedtothreeyearsincludingthreeyearsinprisonorbesentencedtopublicsurveillancedetentionshallingeneralbeexpelledfromtheparty.FortheindividualmaynotbeexpelledfromthepartyshouldcontrolApproval.ThisisfollowedandretainedtheoriginalRegulationstheprovisionsofpunishmentpartyauthorizationrulesandreporttoalevelpartyorganizations.Forispartymemberswithcriminalactsandbythecriminalpunishmentgenerallyshouldbeexpelledfromtheparty.ThefifthchapterofprobationaryPartymemberofthedisciplineanddisciplineaftermissingmembersofthetreatmentandpunishmentdecisionssuchastheimplementationoftheprovisionscleartherelatedpartydisciplineandpunishmentdecisionmadeafterfordutieswagesandotherrelevantalterationformalitiesforthelongesttime.2subsubsectionwilltheoriginalregulationsof10categoriesofactsofviolationofdisciplineintegrationrevisedinto6categoriesrespectivelyinviolationofthepunishmentsforactsofpoliticaldisciplineinviolationofdisciplinebehaviorofpunishmentinviolationofintegrityofdisciplinaryactionpointsofviolationpunishmentsforactsofmassdisciplinetheviolationofworkdisciplinepunishmentinviolationofdisciplineoflifebehaviorpunishment6chapters.3annexSupplementaryProvisionsclearauthoritymakingsupplementaryprovisionsofcasesofinterpretativeorganaswellasregulationsimplementationtimeandretroactivityetc..113learningunderstandingregulationsneedstograspseveralkeyproblemsThefirstproblem--abouttheviolationofpoliticaldisciplinebehaviornewordinancechapter6thepoliticaldisciplinecolumnforthesixdisciplinesthatisthemainoppositiontoPartyleadershipandtheoppositionofthebasictheorybasiclinebasicprogramandbasicexperiencebasicrequirementsofmisconductmadeprovisionsofthedispositionespeciallytheeighteensincetheCPCCentralCommitteeputforwardtheYanMingzhengtreatmentofdisciplineandpoliticalrulesrequirementsandpracticalachievementstransformationforDisciplinearticleincreasethefalsedebatecentralpoliciescliquesagainsttheorganizationreviewmakenodisciplineoftheprincipleofharmonyterms.ThesearethepartyseighteenyearsincomprehensivestrictlyProcesscombinedwiththepracticeofrichcontent.1falsedebatethecentralpoliciesandunderminethePartyofcentralizedandunifiedtheproblemismadeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthepartyconstitution.Constitutioningeneralprogrammerequirementsadheretodemocraticcentralismisoneoftherequirementsoftheconstructionofthepartymustadheretothefourcardinal.Applicationofthisprincipleisnotonlythepartythebasicorganizationprincipleandisalsothemasslineinpartylifeitrequiresthatwemustfullydevelopinner-partydemocracyrespectforthedominantpositionofPartymemberssafeguardingthePartymemberdemocraticrightsgivefullplaytotheenthusiasmandcreativityofthepartyorganizationsatalllevelsandPartymembersatthesametimealsomustimplementtherightconcentrationensurethepartysmissionthechaosinunityandconcertedactiontoensurethatthepartysdecisiontogetquicklyandeffectivelyimplementing.ThePartyCentralCommitteeformulatedthemajorprinciplesandpoliciesthroughdifferentchannelsandwaysfullylistentothepartyorganizationsandPartymembersoftheopinionsandsuggestionsbut12issomepeoplefacetofacenottosaybackblatherwillnotsayafterthemeetingsaidTaiwandoesnotsayandnonsenseinfactnotonlydisruptthepeoplethoughtsomecausingseriousconsequencesthedamagetothePartyofthecentralizedandunifiedhinderthecentralpolicyimplementationbutalsoaseriousviolationofthedemocraticsystemofprinciples.ThereisnodoubtthatshallinaccordancewiththeRegulations4SpecifiedinArticle6togivetheappropriatepunishment.Fordidnotcauseseriousconsequencestogivecriticismandeducationorthecorrespondingtissueprocessing.2aboutthedestructionofthepartysunityNewRegulationsthefortyeighthtofiftysecondarticletodamagePartysunityunifiedandviolationofpoliticaldisciplinepunishmentsituationmadeexplicitprovisions.Article52ofthenewinthepartygetroundgroupgangsseekprivategaincliquescultivateprivateforcesorthroughtheexchangeofinterestsfortheirowntocreatemomentumandotheractivitiestogainpoliticalcapitalgivenaseriouswarningorwithdrawfromtheirpartypostsdisposition;ifthecircumstancesareserioustogiveLeaveapartytoobservationorexpelledfromtheparty.3onagainsttheorganizationreviewoftheprovisionsoftheconstitutionpartyloyaltyhonestyispartymembersmustcomplywiththeobligations.Membersmustobeytheorganizationdecisionshallnotviolatetheorganizationdecidedencountersbyaskingquestionstofindorganizationrelyontheorganizationshallnotdeceivetheorganizationagainsttheorganization.Forexampleaftertheinvestigationdoesnottaketheinitiativetoexplainthesituationbuttoengageinoffensiveanddefensivealliancehidingthestolenmoneyisagainstsurveyorganizationisaviolationofthebehaviorofpoliticaldiscipline.Article24oftheoriginalRegulationsalthoughtheprovisionsoftheinterferencehindergroupreviewthebehaviorofthefabriccanbeseverelyor13Aggravatedpunishmentbutdidnotputthiskindofbehavioraloneasadisciplineforqualitativeamountofdiscipline.newregulationsincreasetheArticle57antiorganizationreviewoneofthefollowingactsgivenawarningorseriouswarning;ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyseriousgivingremovedfromorplacedonprobationwithinthepartypost;ifthecircumstancesareseriousgiveexpelledfromtheparty:aonsupplyorforgeddestroyedtransferconcealevidence;IItopreventothersexposeprovidingevidenceMaterial;IIIharboringcopersonnel;4totheorganizationtoprovidefalseinformationtohidethefact;5thehimagainsttheactsoftheorganizationreview.ruleaddthisclausetotheConstitutionrequiresmorespecificthepreviousnopunishmentinaccordancewiththedefinitelistandputforwardclearpunishmentinaccordancewith.4aboutorganizingorparticipatinginsuperstitiousactivitiesasRegulationsaboutengageinactivitiesoffeudalsuperstitionobstructionofsocialmanagementorderviolationsofArticle164theprovisionsbutaccordingtotheoriginalruleonlyindisruptingproductionworksociallifeorderThecasetobedisciplinarytreatmentinotherwordsalonemakethefeudalsuperstitionorganizeorparticipateintheactivitiesoffeudalsuperstitionofdoesnotconstituteaviolation.Whichisnotconsistentwiththerequirementsofourpartyspoliticalparty.newregulationsinthischangeissuperstitiousactivitiesonthepoliticaldisciplineincreasetheArticle58istheorganizationofPartymembersinsuperstitiousactivitiesincludedinviolationofthenegativelistofpoliticaldisciplinedeservespunishmentwhichandPartymembersshouldadheretothecorrectpoliticalprinciplepoliticalstandpointandviewpointisconsistent.14thesecondquestionaboutorganizationanddisciplineviolationbehaviorofdemocraticcentralismisourThepartysfundamentalorganizationalsystem.NewRegulationsChapter7inviolationofthebehavioroforganizationaldisciplinepunishmentmainlyforviolationofdemocraticcentralismcontrarytothefourobeythedisciplinebehaviorforsourceclassificationrules.Increasednotinaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsorrequirementstotheorganizationforinstructionstoreportonmajorissues;donotreporttruthfullyreportaboutpersonalmatters;falsifypersonalarchives;hidebeforejoiningthepartyseriousmistakes;leadingcadresinviolationoftherelevantprovisionsoftheorganizationwillparticipateinthespontaneousformationoftheoldXiangAlumniAssociationcomradesinarms;toobtainillegalcountryresidenceabroadorforeignnationalityillegalforprivatefrontierDocumentssuchasdisciplineterms.1onthereporttruthfullyreportpersonalmattersin2010theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaofficeofficeoftheStateCouncilintroducedprovisionsonissuesrelatedtotheleadingcadrestoreportpersonalisclearabouttherequestdeputydivisionlevelandaboveleadingcadresshouldtruthfullyreportchangesinmymarriageandspousechildrenmovedtothecountryterritorypractitionersincomerealestateinvestmentandothermattersforfailingtoreportdonotreportconcealedandunreportedaccordingtotheseriousnessofthecasegivingcriticismandeducationandtomakeacorrectionwithinatimelimitshallbeorderedtomakeacheckthecommandmentJiemianconversationinformedcriticismorjobsfreePostprocessingconstituteviolationsinaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsshallbegivenadisciplinarysanction.ButsincetheoriginalRegulationsandthereisnocorrespondingspecifictermstheviolationoftheregulationsdonotreportasafalsereportaboutpersonalmattersthereisnocorrespondingdisciplinaryactiontermsinpracticeitisdifficulttooperate.Inthisregardinordertosolveisnotreportedasafalsereportaboutpersonalmatters15askedcensurethenewRegulationsaddtheArticle67ofviolationofpersonalmattersrelatedtoreportingrequirementsreporttruthfullyreporttheclearpunishmentbasismakingthiskindofviolationbehaviorisnolongerfreedrillingforExhibitiononmattersofpersonalcheckstoverifyandsupervisionofcadresdisciplinereviewprovidesapowerfuldisciplineguarantee.2abouttheillegalorganizationtofellowalumnifriendsofthewarwillregulationsstipulatedinArticle68ofleadingcadresofthepartyinviolationofrelevantprovisionsoftheorganizationwillparticipateinthespontaneousformationoffellowAlumniAssociationcomradeinarmstogivethepunishmentaccordingtotheseriousnessofthecase.Herespecialneedsnoteisthreepoints:thisprovisionforonlytheleadingcadresreflectingthehighrequirementsofleadingcadres;secondviolationin2002theCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionthecentralOrganizationDepartmentandtheTherelevantprovisionsoftheGeneralPoliticalDepartmentjointlyissuedtheoffinleadingcadresnottoparticipateintheinitiativetosetupthevillagerswouldbealumnicomradesinarmsorganizationnotice.ThatistosaytothespontaneousformationoffellowAlumniAssociationcomradesinarmswillconstitutethepremiseofdisciplineisaviolationoftheprovisionsofthis.ThenotificationspecifiedleadingcadresarenotallowedtoparticipateinthespontaneousincorporationoffellowalumnibetweencomradesassociationwouldliketheorganizationandshallnotbearthesororityHumanandtheorganizershallnotholdthecorrespondingpositioninthesorority;shallnotborrowmachinewovennetworkandengageinkisssparselyroundandroundthegangsbutnotalignJieyiGoldOrchidbehavior.ThethirdistoemphasizeherethatshallbeorganizedtoparticipateintheinitiativetosetupthevillagerAlumniAssociationcomradesinarms.Theso-called16spontaneouswasestablishedmainlymeanswithoutregistration.ThereforePartymembersincludeleadingcadresinthenormalrangeoffellowalumnicomradesinthepartyisnotaviolationoftherulesofPartydiscipline.ThethreeproblemaboutintegrityviolationsdisciplineLianJiedisciplinehasbeeneighteenyearscleangovernmentandantiThefocusoftheworkofcorruption.ThisOrdinancetoamendhonestyanddisciplinethisbiggestadjustmentthenewcontentmostofwhichprescribedbytheoriginalcriterionofacleanandhonestadministration8banand52arenotallowedintothebasicthispart.1thecentraleightprovisionsofthespiritandrequirementsintoNewintheregulationsofthepartyseighteenyearscentralresolutelyimplementtheprovisionsoftheeightandpaycloseattentiontothenodeandintensivebriefingonpublicfundsprivatebuspublicfundstourismgiftsofpublicfundsthebigparadeandlavishweddingsandfestiveillegalpaymentallowancesandsubsidiesillegalconstructionofbuildingssuchastheoriginalmassesreflectstherelativelystrongfourwindsproblemoftheResoluterectification.ButoriginalRegulationstoeatanddrinksuperstandardreceptionandnoclearandspecificexpressionnewrulewillimplementeightCentralprovisionsofthespiritoftheproblemincreasedtocleancheapself-disciplinechaptercleartoexceedthestandardbeyondthescopeofthereceptionorborrowmachineeatinganddrinkingetc.someinviolationoftheprovisionsofthespiritoftheeightcentralrelevantpersonsresponsibleforpunishmentoncetheviolationwillbeaccordingtotheruleseverelypunishedbindingenhancedsignificantly.OneistoaddArticle87abouttoobtainillegalholdandtheactualuseofthesportscardgolfballcardsandotherconsumercard.Illegalaccesstoprivateclubsmadethepunishmentprovisions.ThesecondisincreasetheArticle97hasmadeprovisionsofthedispositionofillegalselfpayor17spammingallowancessubsidiesandbonuses.ThethirdisaddedtotheArticle99onviolationofsuperstandardbeyondthescopeofthereceptionorborrowmachineeatanddrinktomaketheprovisionsofpunishment.ThefourthistoincreasetheArticle101onthemanagementofconferenceactivitiesinviolationoftheprovisionsmadesanctionsregulations.ThefifthistheincreasedArticle102forviolationofofficespacemanagementprovisionsmadethepunishmentprovisions.SixistosplittheoriginalruleArticle78formedarticle98Article100ofpublicModelsoftourismviolatetheprovisionsontheadministrationoftheuseofdisciplineofthebusthroughthelistofmadeamoredetailedprovisionsapplymoreoperational.Sevenisincreasedthearticle96inviolationoftherelevantprovisionsofthetoparticipateinpublicfundstopayfordinnerhighconsumptionofentertainmentfitnessactivitiesandpublicfundstobuygiftsendgiftstomaketheprovisionsofthedisposition.Ontheviolationofthecentralprovisionsofthespiritoftheeightinadditiontonewregulationsintoviolationofhonestyandself-disciplinemisconductoutsideisdifferentwiththeoriginalRegulationsrevisedruleclearlydefinednotonlytodispositionofthedirectlyresponsiblepersonsbutalsodisposeofcollarGuideresponsibilities.2increasedtradingrightsuseofauthorityorpositioninfluenceasrelativesandclosetoprofitviolationofthetermsoftheNewRegulationsabsorptioncleanpoliticsseveralguidelinestherelevantprovisionsspiritincreasethenegativelistincludingtradingrightsthefunctionsandpowersordutiesofinfluenceasrelativesandstaffaroundprofit.IncreaseArticle81mutualuseofofficeorauthorityringforeachotherandtheirspouseschildrenandtheirspousesandotherrelativesaround18personnelandotherspecificrelationshipbetweenthepeopletoseekbenefitsengageintradingrightsgivenawarningorseriouswarningSanctions;ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyseriousgivingremovedfromorplacedonprobationwithinthepartypost;ifthecircumstancesareseriousshallbeexpelledfromtheparty.IncreaseArticle82connivanceacquiescencetothespousechildrenandspouseetc.relativesandstaffaroundtheeffectofPartymembersandcadrespersonalauthorityorpositionforpersonalgainifthecircumstancesarerelativelyminorgivenawarningoraseriouswarning;ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyseriousgivingremovedfromorplacedonprobationwithinthepartypost;ifthecircumstancesareseriousthegivenExpelledfromtheparty.PartymembersandcadresofthespouseschildrenandtheirspousesdoestheactualworkandgetsalaryoralthoughtheactualworkbuttoreceivesignificantlybeyondthesameranksalarystandardPartymembersandcadresinformedfailstocorrectinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraph.3aboutthegiftsgiftsmisconductfromhandlingpracticesinrecentyearsengagedinofficialcadresreceivedgiftsgiftsproblemsmoreprominent.ThishasseriouslyaffectedtheimageofPartymembersandcadresdamagedtherelationsbetweenthepartyandthemassesandisahotbedofcorruptionisreallynecessaryforthiskindofbehaviortobedisciplined.rulenoonacceptinggiftsgiftsCardconsumptionbehaviortoengageinsimpleonesizefitsallbutthedifferencebetweenthedifferentseparately.OneisinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle83acceptingmayaffecttheimpartialenforcementoftheofficialgiftsgiftsconsumercardstodependingontheseriousnessofthecaseshallbegivendisciplinarysanctions.Thatistosayformayaffectthefairexecutionofbusinessgiftsgiftsconsumercardsarenotallowedtoaccept.19isinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle83acceptingwassignificantlyhigherthannormalceremonyisstillexchangesofgiftsgiftsconsumercardtodisciplinaryaction.Thisisnewregulationsthatdailylifeispurelyreciprocityacceptingthesamethingboysfellowfriendsgiftsgiftsshoppingcardsalthoughandfairexecutionofbusinesshasnothingtodoalsowanttoasthecaseshallbedealtwiththesituationisobviouslybeyondnormalreciprocity.Theso-calledreciprocityoneisemphasizesthereciprocalinprotocol.InotherwordsisyoutomehowItoyouhownotonlydoesnotgo.Thesecondistosignificantlyexceededthenormallocaleconomylevelcustomsandhabitseconomiccapacityofindividualgiftsgiftvalue.Specificsanctionstoaccordingtotheprocessingofavarietyoffactorstoconsiderasappropriate.ThethirdistherootaccordingtotheprovisionsofArticle84toEngagedinpublicservicepersonnelandtheirspousesandchildrenchildrensspousesandotherrelativesandotherspecificrelationshippresentedMingXianchaonormalreciprocityofgiftsgiftsconsumercardifthecircumstancesarerelativelyseriousgivenawarninguntilprobation.Inaccordancewiththeaboveprovisionsgiftgivingsignificantlybeyondthenormalreciprocitygiverconstitutethediscipline.4onillegaltradingofstocksorofotherregulationsofsecuritiesinvestmentArticle88isengagedinpunishmentregulationofcampandactivityinviolationoftherelevantprovisionson.Amongthem3willbuyingandsellingstocksorinothersecuritiesinvestmentcolumnasoneofdisciplinarycasesOut.FirstneedtobeclearregulationsdidnotchangetheprovisionsoftheOrdinance.TheordinanceoftheprovisionsofthesecondparagraphofArticle77provisionswhoinviolationoftheprovisionsofthesaleofstocksisoneoftheviolationandatthebeginningofthefirstparagraphofthisarticleviolationof20againsttherelevantprovisionsofthetextualrepresentationoftherepeatrevision.Injustfromthelegislativetechniqueremovedthepersonalinviolationoftheprovisionscontentandnottochangetheoriginalprovisions.NeedtoclearisbuyorsellastockorofothersecuritiesinvestmentreferstoviolationoftherelevantprovisionsreferstoinApril2001thePartyCentralCommitteetheStateCouncilpromulgatedtheOntheworkofthepartyandgovernmentorgansstaffspersonalinvestmentinsecuritiesifdryprovisions.AccordingtotheprovisionsofArticle3useofworktimeofficefacilitiesthesaleofstocksandsecuritiesinvestmentfundbelongstoillegalbehavior.Thefourthquestionabouttheviolationofthemassesofthedisciplinaryactionsnewregulationswouldviolatepublicdisciplinebehaviorofasinglesetofaclassofrestoredthreerulesofdisciplineandeightnoteinthedisciplineofthemassesofexcellenttraditional.NewRegulationsChapter9toviolatethemassesofdisciplinaryactionmainlythedestructionofthepartysclosetieswiththemassesofmisconductmadeprovisionsondisciplinary;enrichandperfectthesuperstandardbeyondthescopeofXiangQunAlltoraisefundandlaborinforinvolvingthepublicaffairsdeliberatelychinakayaoinsocialsecuritypolicysupportdisasterrelieffundsandmaterialsandothermattersassignedanykindandaffectionatefriendsobviouslyunfairactsagainsttheinterestsofthemassesofthedisciplinaryterms;increasethetermsnotinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthepublicpartyprovidedgovernmentfactoryandvillageneighborhoodprovidedetc.violationofthepeoplesrighttoknowthebehaviorofthediscipline.ThefifthissueontheviolationofworkdisciplineviolationofworkdisciplineaddednegativelistincludingPartyorganizationscarryoutstrictlyMainresponsibilityforpoordisciplineterms.1thenewpartyorganizationcomprehensivestrictlythemainresponsibilityofthepartydoesnotfulfillthe21orperformpoordisciplinarytermsNewRegulationshasaleadpeopletopayattentiontothenewtermsthatisinchaptertenontheviolationofworkdisciplinebehaviorpunishmentincreaseintheonehundredandfourteenthpartyfailtoperformcomprehensivestrictlythemainresponsibilityofthepartyortoperformcomprehensivestrictlythemainresponsibilityforadministeringtheineffectiveresultinginseriousdamageorseriousadverseeffectstothepersondirectlyresponsibleandtheresponsibilityofleadershipandgiveawarningorseriouswarning.ThesituationisseriousgivingremovedfromtheirpartypostsoronprobationPunishment.Herethechanges.Forthefirsttimethemainresponsibilitywriterule.2newshallreportdoesnotreportorfalsereportingdisciplineshallincreasethe117barinthehigherlevelunitstochecktoinspecttheworkorreporttotheparentunitworkreportofshallreportthemattersdonotreportordonotreportcauseseriousdamageorseriousadverseeffectsoftothepersondirectlyresponsibleandtheresponsibilityofleadershiptogivewarningoraseriouswarning;ifthecircumstancesareseriousgivingremovedfromtheirpartypostsorplacedonprobation.ForexampleduringthetourvisitstotheregiontheunitMemberstheobligationtotheinspectionteamstoreflectthetruesituationtoconcealnotreportedorintentionallytotheinspectionteamstoprovidefalseinformationcausingseriousdamageorseriousadverseeffectsofthepersondirectlyresponsibleandtheresponsibilityofleadershipshouldbeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofruleArticle117togivetheappropriatepunishment.3thenewnotgrantedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofpunishmentnotaccordingtotheprovisionsoftheimplementationofdisciplinarymeasures22violationoftheprovisionsofArticle115Partyorganizationshaveoneofthefollowingcircumstancesthedirectleadershipresponsibility.Probation:membersweresentencedpunishedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsgivedisciplinaryactionorinviolationofstatelawRulesofbehaviorshouldbegivendisciplinarypunishmentanddisposeof;disciplinarypunishmentbydecisionorcomplaintreviewthedecisionmadenotinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheimplementationdecisionsonpunishmentofthepartypositionrankandthetreatmentofthematters;PartymemberssubjecttodisciplinaryactionnotinaccordancewiththecadremanagementauthorityandorganizationalrelationshipsofbydisposeofPartymemberstocarryouteducationandsupervisionofdailymanagement.WhatneedstobepointedoutiscliffdemotedwithcarshousingsecretaryproblemimplementationisnotadisciplineandpartypostsandrankstreatmentbytheorganizationdepartmentisresponsiblefortheimplementationwithcarshousingbythelogisticsdepartmentisresponsiblefortheimplementationofJiCommissionresponsibleoversightresponsibilities.Thesixquestionsabouttheactsviolatingthedisciplineoflifeinviolationofdisciplineoflifebehaviorpunishmentmainlytofourwindsproblemsandaseriousviolationofsocialmoralityfamilyvirtueactsofmisconductmadeprovisionsondisciplinaryanincreaseofextravagantlifecontrarytothesocialpublicorderandgoodcustomsdisciplinaryterms.WorthmentioningisRegulationsinArticle150aboutadulterymistressCardiffformulationinthenewruleisremovedtoexpandthescopeofArticle127provisionsandothershairimpropersexualrelationsletfacedisciplinaryactionWidermorestrict.Fourandearnestlydoagoodjobinthecodeandruleimplementsystemoflifeliesinexecution.codeandRegulationsis23PartyorganizationsatalllevelsofastrongconstraintandallPartymembersfollow.LearningandimplementingthecodeandruleispartycommitteespartycommissionfordisciplinedisciplineinspectiongroupthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresofthecommonresponsibilitymustpartycaughttogetherthepartyoneexecution.Partycommitteespartyandplayandimplementcomprehensivestrictlythemainresponsibilitypaysspecialattentiontothetwopartyregulationslearningcrosspenetration.OneistoAdheretothepartyconstitutionisfundamentaltofollowandresolutelysafeguardtheauthorityofthePartyChapter.Thesecondistoadheretotheproblemorientedtostrictlypoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrulemomentsinthefirstplace.Thethirdistoadheretothedisciplineandrulesquiteinfrontmustnotallowthebottomlinetobreakthediscipline.Thefourthistoseriouslyorganizethestudyofpropagandaandeducationinthecitypartymemberstocreateadisciplinedabouttherulesofthestrongatmosphere.IICommissionforDisciplineInspectionatalllevelsDisciplineInspectionGrouptoanimportantbasisfortherevisedtwopartyregulationsasadheretoeasilyblamestrengthensupervisionandenforcementAndearlymethodincombiningJiincreaseaccountabilityefforts.Oneistotworegulationswithinthepartyimportantbasisadheretothepartyconstitutiondutieswithstrictdisciplinetomaintaintheconstitutionauthority.ThesecondistoadheretohighstandardsandkeepthebottomlineadheretoJiYaninlawanddisciplinethedisciplineandrulesquiteinfrontgraspinggraspingsmalleasilyblamecomprehensiveuseofsupervisionanddisciplineoffourkindsofforminthedisciplineembodiesthestrictrequirementsandcareforthedisciplinetightenupYan.Accordingtodisciplineinaccordancewithregulationstocarryoutdisciplinaryreview.IncreasetheviolationspunishmentcluescaninitiateaninvestigationonthetrialofcasesAccordingtothedisciplineontheprovisionsoftheproportionofprocessingandcontrolmanagermaintainsdiscipline.Tofocusoninvestigatingnonconvergencedontaccepthandseriousdisciplinaryviolationsatthesametimepaymoreattentiontothegeneralreviewofdiscipline24behaviorandgraduallyincreasethelighterpunishment.FouristoilluminatetwopartyregulationscombinedwiththelocaldistrictoftheDepartmentofpartyconductLianzhengtorelevantlawsandregulationssystemcleantimelyresearchproposestoestablishchangewastereleaseopinionavoidconflictandthefastensystemofcageandgraduallyformednotrotnotrotnotwanttorotsystemandworkingmechanism.3theleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresshouldplayanexemplaryrole.TherateofhigherconsciousnessofthefrontoftheOrdinancetoleadpracticeself-disciplinenormsleadingtomaintaindisciplineofseriousnessandauthority.Oneistheaboveratedemonstrationandguidancetaketheleadinlearningandmasteringthecodeandtherequirementsandregulationsdothedeepunderstandinglearningtouse.Thesecondistoplayanexemplaryroleinabidingbydisciplineratetaketheleadinpracticingself-disciplinenormsfirmlyestablishbeforethedisciplineareequalthesystemhasnoprivilegedisciplineisnoexceptionandconsciouslydostandardsrequiremorestrictmeasuresmorepractical.ThirdistoconsciouslyacceptsupervisionconscientiouslyparticipateinthedemocraticlifeanddebriefinghonestyresponsibilitysuchasRealtothepartyorganizationtoreportpersonalmattersandtoacceptthesupervisionoftheworkandlifeofthenormalhabitsunderthesupervisionoftheexerciseofpowertocarryoutthework.Thefourthistosetanexampleforthestrictenforcementofdiscipline.Leadingcadresshouldtaketheleadinthemaintenanceofdisciplineofseriousnessandauthoritytodaretoseriouslydaretostruggledaretooffendpeopleformisconductnotlaissezfairebutdonotindulgenottoleratetoensurethepartyconstitutionofpartycompassespartyputinplace.4themajorityofPartymembersandcadrestosethighstandardsandholdthebottomlineconsciouslyabidebythecodeandrule.Oneistocontrolthestandardand25casestightCloseconnectionwiththeirownthoughtspracticalworkandlifeeffortstosolvetheproblemstoenhancethestudyandimplementoftheeffectivenessandpertinence.Thesecondistoestablishahighstandardandholdthebottomlineconsciouslyintheself-disciplinepursuitofhighstandardsstrictlyinthepartyawayfromtheredlinedisciplinedisciplineabouttherulesandknowfeardistrusttheformationofthehonorsystemcomplywiththesystemsafeguardsystemofgoodhabits.RegulationsanddisciplineregulationsofNewRevisionoftheCommunistPartyofChinacleanfingeredself-disciplinecriterionandChineseCommunistPartyDisciplinaryRegulationsisthePartyCentralCommitteeinthenewsituationtopromotethecomprehensivestrictlyrootofthelifttheregulationsofthepartyconstructionofkeepingpacewiththetimes.WeshouldstudyandimplementtheStandardsandastheprimarypoliticaltaskadheretothepartyconstitutiondutiesadheretothedisciplineofJiYaninlawthefullimplementationofsupervisionanddisciplineaccountabilityresponsibilitiesforcoordinationandpromotionfouroverallstrategiclayoutinXXDistrictvividpracticetoprovideastrongguarantee.-SiJianWuandeffectivelyenhancetheimplementationoftheimplementationofthecodeTheconsciousnessofGeneralSecretaryXipointedoutthatthepartyisinchargeofthepartytomanagetheparty;strictlyitcancuregoodparty.Criterionandrulekeeppacewiththetimesisourpartytoformanewpotentialstrictlyrulestodeepenunderstandingoftherulinglawisacomprehensivestrictlyandstrengthenthesupervisionwithinthepartyimportantgrasper.Criterioncloselylinkedtothethemeofself-disciplineself-disciplineintensity-modulatedfocusingonmoralityforthemajorityofPartymembersandcadressettoseefeelthehighstandardshowtheCommunistsnoblemoralsentiment;DistrictOrdinanceruletheconstitutionofdisciplineintegrationintoapoliticaldisciplineorganizationanddisciplinehonestyanddisciplinedisciplineofthemassesworkdisciplinedisciplineemphasizedisciplinefocusingonestablishedrulestodrawthepartyorganizationsandPartymembersdonottouchthebottomline.Partycommitteespartytoeffectivelystrengthenthestudyandpublicizetheimplementationofthecodeandruletheorganizationandleadershipofcriterionandafullrangemultiangledeeppublicitytheformationofstudyandpublicizeandimplementtheboominordertoconsolidatethedevelopmentofgoodpoliticalenvironmenttocreateapositiveenvironmentandatmosphere.ThemajorityofPartymembersandcadrestostrictrequirementstheruleandOrdinancecasesasaguidetoactionandbehaviorcriterionadheretothemoralstandardsanddisciplineofthebottomlinetomaintainthedisciplineofworshipandawelearningcomplianceandmaintainpartydisciplineandrulesofthemodel.Thedisciplineinspectionandsupervisionorgansandcadrestothecodeandasthedeepeningofthethreeandstrengthensupervisionanddisciplineofaccountabilityisimportanttofollowcorrectlygrasptheuseofsupervisionanddisciplineoffourtypespromotethecomprehensivestrictlyinnewroots.Strictdisciplineadheretothedisciplineandrulesquiteinfrontoftheenterpriseintheimplementationofexpensivetoimplementtoexecute.ThedisciplineinspectionandsupervisionorganstoimplementthecodeandEffortstoinvestigatecasesasanopportunityadheretothepartyshouldmanagethepartystrictlyseriousperformanceoftheirdutiestopromotetworegulationsimplementation.Changedisciplineconcept.Fromthesimpleinvestigationofillegaltoacomprehensivestareatviolatediscipline;fromthebusinesscasetoprosecutethebigcasesandtimelysolvethesignsoftiltto.Fromtheorientationtothenormalsupervision;fromthetubeminoritytoresistthemost.GuidePartymembersandcadrestoseriouslyimplementthecodeandruleconsciouslyabidebythepoliticalorganizationalhonestpeopleworklifesixdiscipline.Urgetheleadershipcadressenttoplayanexemplaryroletaketheleadinstrictlyenforced.RelaxationandrestStrongwindisSuJicloselylinkedtothefourwindspronetomultiplethemassesreflectthestrongimportantnodesandgluedtothefourwindsnewformnewtrendsseriouslyinvestigateanddealwithviolationsofthecentraleightprovisionsofthespirittoincreasethebulletinexposureintensitytheformationofChajiufourwindsloudlycontinuetoreleaseanddisciplinemustbestrictsignal.AtthesametimeextendedsupervisiontentaclesthroughthedevelopmentoftheruralandfisherypartyconductLianzhengconstructioninspectionissuedinatimelymannerChajiuoccurredingrassrootssideofcorruptionandunhealthyandearnestlysafeguardtheinterestsofthemassesandsocialstability.Thecreativityanddiscipline.GraspandmakegooduseofthesupervisionanddisciplineoffourtypestoensurethePromotingcluestolotsofdisciplineandthelawofthevacuumtubestricttogether.Notonlytothelessandveryfewthoroughinvestigationseverelypunishedbutalsothemosttomaintainzerotolerancetrendthroughlayersofconductivepressureletthedisciplineabouttherulesforeachpartymembersandcadresconsciouslyfollow.Atpresentitisnecessarytoimplementthelistmanagementstrictlyfollowthecluestothedisposaloffivestandardsmaketheclassificationofdisposaldynamiccleanup.ZadokPartycommitteesatalllevelstoimplementthemainresponsibilitycomprehensiveuseofdisciplinaryactionandtissueprocessingandothermeanstoeffectivelycurbthecommonplaceusedtoseedonotblamethesmallproblemnotbecauseofpracticeandexception.ProminentDisciplinecharacteristicstheproblemsofviolationofdisciplineandrulesintothefocusofsupervisionanddisciplineanddisciplinaryreview.Atthesametimeincreasecasedoublechecktheintensitytheseriousproblemsofdisciplineviolationsorfourwindsbanbutnotabsolutelynotonlytobehelddirectlyresponsiblebutalsoheldleadershipresponsibility;notonlytopursuestudiesthemainresponsibilityofthePartycommitteeandtopursueCommissionforDisciplineInspectionandsupervisionresponsibilitiesandpromoteaccountabilitytobecomethenewnorm.Theimplementationofsupervisoryresponsibility.Maintaincodeandruletheseriousnessandauthorityofthedisciplineandrulesandtrulybecomethepartysruler.DisciplineassupervisionwithinthepartythespecializedagencywemuststrengthentheresponsibilitytoactadheretotheImpartialdisciplineaccountabilityearnestlywillbestrictdisciplinedisciplinemustbepunishedandseverelypunishtheactsinviolationofrulesandregulations.9—8血液血浆血细胞包括主要功能分为运载血细胞血小板内含血红蛋白功能是功能是功能是。