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新方舟教育备课教案——初中英语完形填空解题技巧——黄飞考点分析:完型填空一直是考试必考题型而且在整卷中占相当大的分值如果该部分失分严重会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此学生必须熟练掌握完型填空做题技巧同时通过一定量专题练习提高做题的正确率.注:学生该部分失分特别严重所以必须加大该部分的练习.一.完型填空最常用的四种解题法:
1.总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文,跳过空格快速阅读,了解全篇的主要内容切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上
2.弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文中考选文以叙事性文章为主,如幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等读这类文章,要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果
3.重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题,但短文的主题句,往往在每段文章的首句,有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等,这是深入了解全文的“窗口”,甚至能以语句为立足点,从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容
4.语境联想:利用上下文的提示,用学过的知识和已有的生活经验,扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍
二、几种种解题技巧
1.词语搭配1从语法角度来说,句子不是词的序列,而是词组的序列2因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇如seeafilm3词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语如pushaheadwith奋力前行4因词组而构成的常见的句式Itfeels+形容词+不定式,在搭配判断时,注意要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配如lookforlookoverlookoutlookafterlookup等要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配如Ipaid12poundsforthedictionary.Thebookcostmealot.Ittookthreementoliftthebox.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思译成汉语时似乎相通但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化;要注意单个词组的多义性如takeoff有“脱下衣服,飞机起飞,匆匆离开,取下,休假等多种含意
2.语法判定1要注意出现频率较高的词类题,依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词选择各类词时,要注意以下几个方面 a.名词的选择b.动词的选用c.选择介词d.选择代词e.选择连词f.选择形容词和副词2要注意句法题,搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装 a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见,其次是祈使句的零时态等 b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句上海中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语,也考查简单的定语从句 c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查,却要看懂,不能引起对文章的曲解3在语法适用方面,可以用择优法和排除法 a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中,选出在词义上符合要求,且在语法上又没有语病的答案 b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对,或词与词搭配不妥,或存在语法错误,或与上下文有矛盾,则迅速排除不合适的选项,剩下的就是正确答案
3.例举对比 在完形填空的多项选择中,常常会遇到难以选择的题目需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”,例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较,再做出明智的选择
三、一般的解题过程是
1.通读全文,掌握大意结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容
2.瞻前顾后,分析先行
3.反复推敲,攻克难关如果做不出来的话,可能要改变一下思路
4.验证答案,修正错误,着重注意这几点1文章是否顺畅;2所填单词是否是最佳单词;3所填单词是否有拼写错误
4、对应练习(A)Youcanreachalmostanygoalifyouwantto—butsometimesittakesgreateffortstorealizeyourdream.Thatwasquitetrueforme.WhenIwas17yearsold,Ibrokemyfather’s___80___.Hehadsavedenoughfromanaverageincometosendmetocollegetobecomealawyer.ThreemonthslaterIwashometellinghimthatIhadleftcollege—andforthefirsttimeIsawhim___81___.“Son,I’malwaysgoingtoloveyoueventhoughyou’llneverachieveanything,’’hesaidwithtears眼泪inhiseyes.WhenIwalkedoutofthatroom,Iwasburningwithsomethingwithinmybody.Noteveryonehasthechancetofeelit.Ididnotjustwantto___83___—Ihadto.[来源:Zxxk.Com]ButIcouldntseehowtodoitandallthetimemyfather’swordswereinmymind.Ibecomeasalesperson.Itwasnot___84___becauseIknewalmostnothingaboutmarketing.ThenamanintroducedmetotheEdwardstrainingcourse.Iwentandlearnedalotofuseful___84___.Itriedmybesttoputthemtowork.Soonafterthat,IstartedtastingthesweetfruitsofSuccessforthefirsttime.Sometimelater,ItoldthemanagerofmycompanythatIwouldliketomeetwithMr.Edwards.Theyarrangeditforme.Whenthedaycame,Itoldhim,“Mr.Edwards,mygoalistobeabletotrainpeoplejustasyoutrainedme.’’___85___,heagreedtoletmetry.AllthatcametruebecauseIsetgoalstomakeithappen.Stickingtothegoalwasthemostimportant.80.ApromiseBrecordCheartDlaw81.AshoutBcryClaughDrelax82.AsucceedBargueCstopDmove83.AfairBeasyCseriousDsafe84.ApoemsBdialoguesCexcusesDskills85.ALuckilyBUsuallyCClearlyDSuddenlyBTiffanya16-year-oldgirlwasveryshy.LastSeptemberherbestfriendSophiemovedabroadwithherfamilybecauseshehadtocontinueherstudiesinAmerica.Sheevensaidshewouldnotcomebackforatleastafewyears.Tiffanybecame80andhelpless.IwasreallysadthemomentIheardthebadnewsandIdidntknowwhattodoTiffanyrecalled回忆.I81myselfinmyroomforawholeweek.ItwasthenthatmyaunttookmetoasportscluboneSaturdayandIsawsomanyyoungpeopleplayingvarioussportsthere.IsignedupforabeginnerscourseinvolleyballandsincethenIhavebeenplayingthissport.NowIpractisetwiceaweekthere.ItiswonderfulplayingsportsinthisclubandIhavemadelotsof82aswell.WhatsmoreIfeelIammuchhealthierthanbefore.Themostbasicaimofplayingsportsisthatyoucanimproveyourhealthevenifyouarenotverygoodatsports.83youcangettoknowacircleofpeopleatyouragewhileplayingsports.Tiffanyusedtobeaveryquietgirl.Sinceshejoinedthesportsclubshehasopenedupherselfandnowshehasbecomevery84andenjoysmeetingandtalkingwithothers.Formostpeoplethatisoneoftheattractionsofjoiningasportsclub.Youcangettoknowotheryoungpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.Youdonthavetositdownandtalktostrangers.Yougoinforsportsanditiseasiertounderstandyourpartnersonthesameteam.NowTiffanyisquite85herfriendsandshehasalsogainedmoreconfidence.Trytodoregularsports.Themindneedsexerciseaswellasthebody.
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82.AtroubleBmistakesCmoneyDfriends
83.ASofarBInadditionCOnceagainDAfterall
84.AactiveBstrongCluckyDindependent
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88.A.timeB.waterC.chanceD.skill
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81.B
82.A
83.B
84.D
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82.D
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84.A
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