还剩10页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
初中英语语法梳理和提高15形容词和副词讲解试题2009-06-11 来源英语教师网 形容词和副词 知识梳理提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!
一、形容词 用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词 形容词的作用,见下表 注意有些形容词只能作表语,如aloneafraidasleep等例如 Dontwakethesleepingbabyup.Heisasleep. Theoldmanisalone. 形容词用来修饰somethinganythingnothingeverything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面例如 Youdbettertellussomethinginteresting. Thepolicefoundnothingstrangeintheroom. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4)大小5)形状 6)表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途例如 Hisgrandpastilllivesinthissmallshorthouse. 他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里 ThewomanboughttwobeautifulChineseplates. 那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子 形容词名词化有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数这类词有rich/poor; good/bad;young/old;healthy/ill;living/dead;black/white表示人种等例如 Theyoungshouldtakegoodcareoftheold. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人 Therichneverhelpthepoorinthiscountry. 在这个国家,富人从来不帮助穷人 表示数量的词组如 Onedayayoungmantwenty-fiveyearsoldcametovisittheprofessor. 有一天,一位25岁的年轻人来拜访这位教授 Iliveinabuildingaboutfiftymetershigh. 我住在一做大约50米高的大楼里 形容词短语做定语时要后置如 Theyarethestudentseasytoteach. 他们是很容易较的学生 Weliveinahousemuchlargerthanyours. 我们住的房子比你们的大得多 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后如 Didyouseeanybodyelse 你看到别的人了吗?
二、副词 英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法 多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面如 Wearelivinghappily. 我们幸福的生活着 Herunsslowly. 他跑的很慢 时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末如 Theywenttotheparkyesterdaymorning. 昨天上午他们去公园了 IheardhimsingEnglishsongsoverthere. 我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲 Hedrovethejeepcarefully. 他小心地开着吉普 注意有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用如 YesterdayIgotuplate. 昨天我起床很晚 频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前 如Heisseldomill. 他很少生病 Youmustalwaysrememberthis. 你一定要记住这一点 Ioftenwritetomyparents. 我经常写信给父母 Doyouusuallygotoschoolonfoot. 你经常走路去上学? HehasneverbeentoBeijing. 他从来没有去过北京 注意有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首如 Sometimesshegoestoschoolbybusandsometimesshegoestoschoolbybike. 有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去 程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修 饰的词前面如 Thatsquiteearly. 那很早 Inearlymissedthebus. 我几乎错过了公交车 Shedidratherbadly. 她干得相当糟 否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后如 Sheseldomgoesoutatnight. 她晚上很少出门 Iamneverlateforschool. 我上学从不迟到 Wehadhardlygottothestationwhenthetrainleft. 火车离开时,我们差不多/几乎到了车站 疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首如 Whencanyoucome 你什么时候来? Howmanydaysarethereinamonth 一个月有多少天? Whatareyougoingtodowhenyougrowup 张大以后,你打算干什么? Wherewereyouborn 你是在那里出生的? Whydidnthecome 他为什么没有来? 关系副词whenwherewhy引导定语从句时,位于从句之前、所修饰的词之后如 Tellmethereasonwhyyoudidit. 把你这样做的理由告诉我 Itsthesortofdaywhenyoudliketostayinbed. 这是个令人恋床不起的日子 Idontknowtheplacewherewewillgo. 我不知道我们将要去的地方 同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面如 Themeetingwillbeheldintheclassroomtomorrow. 明天会议将在教室里举行 HewatchedTVinhisroomlastnight. 他作晚在房间里看电视 TheyarrivedinBeijingat8oclocklastevening. 他们昨天晚上8:00到达北京 注有些词既可用做形容词也可副词如 latewidewellfasteasyearly等 Theroadissowidethat8busescangothrowitatatime. Openyourmouthwide.
三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法如下 1符合规则的2)几个不规则的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级如下表形容词和副词比较级的用法 注意有些形容词,如deademptyroundsurewoolen等受本身含义的限制,没有比较级 例题解析举一反三,学的更轻松! Heis________friendsthanI. A.muchmoreB.manymoreC.verymoreD.toomore 解析后面有可数名词复数时,many的比较级形式为manymore修饰应选B.
2.Whichisthe_________countryJapanorAustralia A.moredevelopedB.moredevelopingC.mostdevelopedD.mostdeveloping 解析两者比较用比较级,表示发达用developed而developing是发展中的意思 3.Therewere_______shopsinthecityin1982thanin
1990. A.littleB.fewC.fewerD.less 解析little不能修饰可数名词,两者比较需用比较级,所以应选C.
4.Ifyouarenotfreetodaycomeanotherday__________. A.tooB.soC.insteadD.yet 解析instead作副词用时意为代替,顶替,表示前面的事情没做,而是做了后面的事Instead一般位于句首应选C. 5.Hecanttellus________Ithink. A.importantanythingB.anythingimportant C.importantsomethingD.somethingimportant. 解析不定代词与形容词联用需后置,否定句中应该用anything而不是something.因此应选B
6.TheHuangRiveristhesecond__________riverinourcountry. A.longB.longerC.longestD.thelongest 解析定冠词the+序数词+形容词最高级表示第几大……应选C.
7.Thelightintheofficewasnt________forhimtoread. A.enoughbrightB.brightenoughC.brightlyD.enoughbrightly 解析enough修饰名词时可前可后,修饰形容词或副词时,要后置应选B.
8.Therewasanaccidentatthecorner.________thegirlwasnt_________hurt. A.luckilybadlyB.luckhardlyC.LuckyheavilyD.Luckystrongly 解析第一空修饰全句需用副词,第二空修饰形容词hurt也要用副词,因此选A.
9.Youmustkeepyoureyes_________whenyoudoeyeexercises. A.closeB.openC.closedD.opened 解析:此处需用形容词做宾语补足语应选C.
10.FivedayshaspassedbutIhaventfinishedhalfofthework.________ A.alreadyB.stillC.tooD.yet 解析already与yet都可用于现在完成时态Already常用于肯定句,而yet常用与否定句应选D. 练习与巩固熟能生巧,取得好成绩! 选择最佳答案填空 Dontworrysir.ImsureIcanrun_________tocatchupwiththem. A.slowlyenoughB.enoughslowlyC.fastenoughD.enoughfast
2.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare________newwordsinit. A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little
3.Itssuchan________filmthatallthestudentsare______init. A.interesting;interestedB.interested;interestingC.interesting;interestingD.interested;interested;interested
4.Mingminggotupvery_______sohecametoschoolhalfanhour______. A.late;latelyB.lately;lateC.lately;latelyD.late;late
5.Iam________worriedaboutyparentshealthyconditions. A.sometimesB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes
6.Wedonthave________everyday. A.alotofschoolworksB.manyschoolworkC.anyschoolworksD.muchschoolwork
7.-Look!Howfastthetwohorsesarerunning! --Ohyes!Theyarenearly_______. A.upanddownB.slowerandslowerC.moreorlessD.neckandneck
8.______childrenthereareinfamily_______theirlifewillbe. A.Theless;thebetterB.Thefewer;thebetterC.Fewer;richerD.More;poorer
9.MostofthepeopleinGuangdongaregetting________. A.moreandmorerichB.morerichandmorerichC.richerandricherD.richerandrichest
10.Whichlessonis_______thisoneorthatone A.difficultB.muchdifficultC.moredifficultD.themostdifficult
11.A______accidenthappenedat7:30a.m.saidthepoliceman_______. A.seriousseriousB.seriouslyseriouslyC.seriouslyseriousD.seriousseriously
12.________isitfromourschooltoLupuBridge A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowfarD.Howmuch
13.Inourcityitis______inJulybutitiseven_______inAugust. A.hotter;hottestB.hot;hotC.hotter;hotD.hot;hotter
14.Thispencilis______thatone. A.solongasB.aslongerasC.longerthanD.notaslongestas
15.Thestationistwokilometers_______thehospital. A.awaytoB.farawayC.farfromD.awayfrom
16.Beijinghas______manybusesthatthereisoftenatrafficjaminrushhours. A.soB.veryC.tooD.much
17.Thisboxis______heavy________Icantcarryit. A.tootoB.sothatC.verythatD.toothat
18.Indiahasthesecond_______populationintheworld. A.largerB.mostC.smallestD.largest
19.Maryreceived________manypostcardsatChristmas. A.soB.suchC.tooD.even
20.Thecakesmells______.Pleasethrowitaway. A.goodB.badlyC.badD.well
21.---Whatwastheweatherlikeyesterday ---Itwasterrible.Itrainedso________thatpeoplecould_______goout. A.hardly…hardB.hardly…hardlyC.hard…hardlyD.hard…hard
22.Themeetingwillbeheldinhalfanhourbuttheyhaventgoteverythingready_____. A.everB.alreadyC.yetD.still
23.---WhatabouttheEnglishnovel ---Itsnotverydifficult.Thereareonly________newwordsinit. A.fewB.afewC.manyD.alittle
24.Howbeautifulshesings!Iveneverheard________. A.thebettervoiceB.agoodvoiceC.thebestvoiceD.abettervoice
25.MrSmithalwayshas________totellus. A.somegoodpiecesofnewsB.somepiecesofgoodnews C.somegoodpieceofnewsD.somepieceofgoodnew
26.Imafraidtheheadmasteris_________busytomeetthevisitors. A.toomuchB.muchtooC.somuchD.verymuch
27.-DadwhenwillyoubefreeYouagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago. --IamsorryJean.ButIthinkIwillhavea______holidaysoon. A.four-daysB.four-dayC.fourdaysD.fourday
28.ThesceneryinSanyalooks________especiallyTianYaHaiJiaois________. AwellbestB.finethemostfamousC.nicebetterD.beautifullythebest
29.Whata_______dayitis!Letsgooutforawalk. A.windyB.lovelyC.rainyD.cloudy
30.Ofthetwo..AustralianstudentsMashais________one.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily. AtallestBthetallerC.tallerD.thetallest 1-5CCADC6-10DDBCC11-15DCDCD16-20ABDAC 21-25CCADB26-30BBBBB作用例句定语Youcanseealotofbeautifulflowersinthegarden.表语Yourcoatistoosmall.宾语补足语Theoldwomankeepseverythingcleanandtidy.情况加法例词一般情况直接加-er;-esttall-taller-tallest以e结尾的词加–r;-stnice-nicer-nicest以“辅音+y”结尾的词变y为i再加-er;-estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一个辅音字母结尾的词辅音字母双写,再加-er;-estthin-thinner-thinnest多音节和部分双音节单词在词前加more;mostmoredeliciousmostdelicious原级比较级最高级goodwellbetterbestbadillworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest级别比较程度表达方式和意义例句备注原级同等程度肯定形式As+原级+as像……一样Artisasinterestingasmusic.Playaswellasyoucan.否定形式not+soas+原级+as不如……那样Englishisnotsodifficultasscience.ShedoesnotstudysowellasIdo.比较级不同程度(用于两者比较)比较级+than比……JimisolderthanLuky.Ilikeporkbetterthanbeef.比较级前面可以加muchfarevenstillalotalittleabit等程度加深比较级+and+比较级(越来越……)The+比较级,the+比较级(越……越……)Heisgrowingtallerandtaller.Hestudiesbetterandbetter.Themorebooksshereadsthebettersheunderstand.最高级最高程度(用于三者或三者以上)The+最高级+ofin最……Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.LinTaojumpedthefarthestofall.副词最高级前面的the往往省略。