还剩43页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
《英语
(二)》复习资料语法主要考哪些项目? 英语
(二)最常考的语法项目包括动词时态和语态、非谓语动词、虚拟语气、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、比较级、语序、主谓一致、强调句、基本句型 *最常考的时态现在完成时、过去完成时、过去时、一般现在时和将来完成时 *最常考的非谓语动词__结构、动名词作某些动词的宾语、非谓语动词作定语和状语 *最常考的虚拟语气与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句和主句 *最常考的定语从句where引导的定语从句、名词/代词+of+which引导的定语从句 *名词性从句what,whether引导的主语或宾语从句、that引导的同位语从句 *状语从句nowthat,inthat,incase,as,while引导的状语从句 哪些词最有可能考单词拼写? 严格来说,只要是考纲中包括的词都有可能出现在单词拼写大题中,但是从历年考题可以看出,某些词的命中率要高于其它词,有些词甚至反复考过,这说明考生在背单词的时候还是可以在全面覆盖的基础之上突出重点、提高效率的在这里我们不可能一一罗列重要的词汇,下面是我总结的英语
(二)常考单词的特点 *绝大部分是长度在5-8个字母之间的中等难度的词,如victim,gesture等; *拼写和读音不完全对称的词,如dumb,subtle等 *个别非常简单、但课文中不是很常见的名词,如tube. *从词性上来看,最常考的依次是名词、形容词、动词、和副词 在复习这些单词时,一定要以考试大纲为准,而不能只背教材后面的生词表一方面,教材后面的生词表中包含了不少超刚词,完全不会考到;另一方面,对英语
(二)来说,从下册教材生词表中出的单词只占三分之一,不可能涵盖所有要考的内容同样在复习时一定要讲究准确性,确保背一个记准一个,而不能只是记个大概,最后写出来每个都差不多但每个都有错 复习建议 针对上述预测,我们如何制定冲刺阶段的复习计划呢?下面是我推荐的三步复习法
1.第一步,应该抽出半个月到__天的时间,把书上可能考到的内容好好地总结一下课文中涉及的重要的语法现象,如带虚拟语气、__主格的句子,接动名词作宾语的动词,倒装句,强调句,what,that,whether引导的从句等,最好都分类摘抄下来
2.做完整理工作后,应该进入下一步,即通过一定量的模拟训练来熟悉考试题型、提高实战能力模拟训练应注意以下几点
(1)做题时,一定要__完成不管做题的过程多么困难,都要硬着头皮去做,只有这样才能在考场上发挥自如
(2)保持一定的频率也很重要至少一周应该完成两套题,否则达不到强化的效果
(3)及时总结如果做完几套题后反复出现同样的错误,一定要请老师对相关内容作详细的讲解,并针对性地多做巩固练习,直到问题得到真正的解决
(4)做完十套左右的模拟题后,应该再做几套最近几年的真题这时你可以对自己的实际水平有一个比较准确的估计哪些方面是你的长处,哪些方面还存在薄弱环节,并利用最后一两周的时间来进行弥补
(5)除了做题,这三个月期间应该天天坚持的是背单词每天抽出半个小时至一个小时,把大纲词汇包括后面的词组至少从头至尾完整地过一遍,有可能考拼写的重点单词要动笔抄写,常用活用的词要记搭配,容易混淆的词放在一起进行比较
3.最后一周的总复习考试前的最后一周应该再来一次全面的总复习复习内容包括第一步中抄下来的课文中的重点句子、第二步作题时纪录下来的常出错的语法项,重点的单词,和总结出来的答题技巧如果还有时间,也可以把最后做过的真题再做一遍相信经过精心的计划和充分的准备,此刻的你一定成竹在胸,胜券在握了
2、重点语法知识讲解动词的时态和语态一览表 时态语态 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 主动被动 doaredone didweredone willdowillbedone 现在进行时 过去进行时 将来进行时 主动被动 aredoingarebeingdone weredoingwerebeingdone willbedoing 现在完成时 过去完成时 将来完成时 主动被动 h__edoneh__ebeendone haddonehadbeendone willh__edonewillh__ebeendone 现在完成进行时 主动被动 h__ebeendoing
1.1现在完成时 发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在,或对现在仍有影响 现在完成时的标志sofar,bynow/uptonow,forthreeyears,sin__1995,inthepasttwodecades
1.2过去完成时 过去的过去 1)said,reported,thought等引导的间接引语中 Hemissedthetrain. Hesaidhehadmissedthetrain. 2)hardly…when,nosooner…than句型中表示先发生的动作 Nosoonerhadhegotupthanhere__ivedthecall. 3)与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中 IfIhadtriedharder,Iwouldh__ewon. IwishIhaddonebetterintheexam.
1.3完成进行时 从过去一直持续到现在,没有间断汉语提示语一直 Thewaterhasbeenrunningthewholenight.
1.4过去时 过去某一具体时间发生的事,不考虑与现在的关系 过去时的标志yesterday,in1995,lastweek,inthenineteenth__ntury,fiveyearsago等等
2.非谓语动词
2.1非谓语动词一览表非谓语动词 形式 意义 现在分词 一般式 doing 主动,正在进行 被动式 beingdone 被动,正在进行 完成主动式 h__ingdone 主动,已经完成 完成被动式 h__ingbeendone 被动,已经完成 过去分词 done 被动,已经完成 动词不定式 一般式 todo 主动,将要进行 被动式 tobedone 被动,将要进行 完成主动式 toh__edone 主动,已经完成 进行主动式 tobedoing 主动,正在进行
2.
2.非谓语动词作状语 动词不定式1)目的状语;2)结果状语 Icameheretomeetyou.(目的) Hehurriedtotherailstationonlytomissthetrain.(结果) 分词1)伴随状语;2)原因状语;3)条件状语4)让步状语;5)时间状语 Walkingalongthestreet,hemethisoldfriend.(时间) Beingverytired,myfatherdidntgooutwithus.(原因) __debyhand,thesilkshirtisveryexpensive.(原因) Seenfromthespa__,theearthlookslikeablueball.(条件)
2.3非谓语动词,状语从句和__结构 1)H__ingdonetheirhomework,thechildrenbegantoplay.(分词作状语) 2)Afterh__ingdonetheirhomework,thechildrenbegantoplay.(连词+分词) 3)Aftertheyhaddonetheirhomework,thechildrenbegantoplay.(状语从句) 4)Withhomeworkdone,thechildrenbegantoplay.(__结构)
2.4非谓语动词作定语 1)Ifthereisnochoi__,thereisnodecision___(__ke)(tobe__de) 2)Doyouknowthe__n____(stand)infrontofthehouse?(standing) 3)Thequestion____(discuss)atthemomentisveryimportant.(beingdiscussed) 4)Thebridge____(build)inthe1950sisstillingoodcondition.(built)
2.5动名词和动词不定式 作主语和表语 动名词作主语/表语表示一般、抽象的情况;动词不定时作主语表示具体某次的情况 Risingearlyisgoodforhealth. Toriseearlytomorrowisdifficultforme. Itisdifficultformetoriseearlytomorrow. Mybiggestwishistogoabroad. Seeingisbelieving. 作宾语 接动名词作宾语的动词 admit,acknowledge,__oid,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,forgive,finish,include,involve,mind,putoff,postpone,suggest,feellike,lookforwardto,beusedto,beaccustomedto,etc. 接动词不定式作宾语的动词 want,tend,intend,pretend,hope,plan,expect,besupposedto,seem,belikelyto,usedto,bewillingto,desire,for__,prefer,start,begin 接动名词和动词不定式有不同含义的动词 1)forget,remember,regret 2)stop,continue 3)need/want 4)allowdoing/allow__todo
(1)HowcanIforgetmeetingyouforthefirsttime? Sorry,Iforgottolockthedoor.
(2)Icantstoplaughing.Canyoustoptogivemeahand?
(3)Thegrassneedscutting.Thegrassneedstobecut.
(4)Wedontallow__okinghere.Youarenotallowedto__okehere.
3.虚拟语气 第一大类非真实条件下的虚拟语气时间 从句 主句 与现在事实相反 did/were should/could/would+do 与过去事实相反 haddone should/could/would+h__edone 与将来事实相反 weretodoshoulddo should/could/would+do IfIwereyou,Iwouldbehappytodoit. Ifwehadgotthenews,wecouldh__epreparedearlier. Ifthejobweretosuc__ed,youshouldworkharder. 第二大类从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气 1)wouldrather+从句 2)wish+从句 3)ifonly+从句 4)asif/asthough+从句 5)Itstime+从句 Iwouldratheryoudidnt____methestorynow. Iwouldratheryouhadtoldmethestoryyesterday. 第三大类从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气,其中should可省略 1)suggest,propose,advise,move(动议),ask,order,require,request,desire,insist,prefer等动词后接的宾语从句; 2)suggestion,proposal,advi__,motion,order,requirement,request,desire,preferen__等名词后的同位语从句; 3)important,ne__ssary,essential,imperative,desirable,advisable,preferable等形容词用在itis…that…句型中; 4)lest,incase,forfearthat等引导的从句中 Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff. Itismysuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff. Itisne__ssarythatthemeeting(should)beputoff. Hecametotheoffi__earlierlesthe(should)misstheimportantmeeting.
4.定语从句和名词性从句
4.1定语从句限制性和非限制性定语从句 引导定语从句 1)关系代词(在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语)which,that,who,whom,whose 2)关系副词(在定语从句中作状语)when,where,why,how 名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句 引导名词性从句 1)主从连词(不在从句中作任何成分)that,whether,if 2)连接代词(在从句中作主语、宾语、表语)what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever… 3)连接副词(在从句中作状语)when,where,why,how
4.2定语从句和同位语从句的区别 定语从句对名词进行修饰限制,而同位语从句阐述的是名词的具体内容从语法上看,that,which在定语从句中做主语或宾语,而同位语的引导词that不在从句中担任任何成分 1)Thestory(that)hetoldme__ynotbetrue.定语从句 2)Thestorythathehas__deafortune__ynotbetrue.同位语从句
4.3什么时候用介词+which的形式? 如果定语从句缺主语或宾语,用that/which形式如果定语从句缺状语,用介词+which形式 1)Thepla__whichIvisitedlastweekisverybeautiful. 2)Thepla__inwhichIusedtoliveisverybeautiful.
4.4which和as引导非限制性定语从句 which和as都能引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个一句话as有“正如”的意思,而which没有 1)Heiseasytogetangry,whichiswellknown.他很容易生气,这一点大家都知道 2)Heiseasytogetangry,aseverybodyknows.正如大家都知道的那样,他很容易生气
2.1强化练习
1.动词时态强化练习
1.Iwashired(hire)byaSaudidiplo__tdirectlyfromthePhilippinestoworkinLondonin19__. 解析过去时的被动语态,标志语19__.
2.However,__nypeopledoubtwhetherthiswillredu__(redu__)theinciden__ofabuse. 解析一般将来时,表示“会减少”的意思
3.Uptothattime,theblueshadbeen(be)anessentiallyblackmedium. 解析过去完成时,标志语uptothattime,表示“过去的过去”
4.Ofthese20,000,justunder2000arebeing physically,___uallyandpsychologicallyabused(abuse) 解析现在进行时的被动
5.Ifyoudonot(not,control)it,itwillcontrolyou. 解析一般现在时主讲从现主句用将来时,但是时间状语、条件状语和让步状语从句中 用现在时
6.Youwillenjoyyourfuntimemoreafteryouh__ecompleted(complete)yourstudyresponsibilities. 解析现在完成时,表示“已经完成”
7.__intainingahealthyself-esteemis(be)achallengethatcontinuesthroughoutlife. 解析一般现在时,动名词做主语,谓语动词用单数
8.Thesecondhalfofthenineteenth__nturywitnessed(witness)thefirstextendedtranslationintoEnglishofthewritingsofEliphasLevi. 解析一般过去时,标志语thesecondhalfofthenineteenth__ntury.
9.Alltheworriestheymighth__efeltforhimweredriven(drive)offbythesightofhischeerfulfa__. 解析一般过去时的被动
10.Attemptstobreakupthisoldsystemh__ebeen__de(__ke)ineverypresidentialelectioninthepastonehundredyears. 解析现在完成时的被动,标志语inthepastonehundredyears.
2.非谓语动词强化练习
1.Themotherdidntknowwhotoblame(blame)forthebrokenglass. 解析who+动词不定式做know的宾语
2.Thechildrenbrought(bring)upinthiswaytendtobehealthier. 解析过去分词作定语,表被动
3.Itremindedthepresidenttokeepthecampaignfocused(focus)ontheeconomy. 解析过去分词做宾补
4.Putting(put)foodintoanemptysto__chhelpssynchronizethebodyclock. 解析动名词作主语
5.Itseemsreasonabletoassumethat,otherthingsbeing(be)equal,theywouldprefersingletosharedrooms. 解析现在分词用在__结构中
6.Thispoem,iftranslated (translate)wordforwordintoChinese,will__kenosense. 解析连词加过去分词作状语
7.They__yh__etheirpassportsremoved(remove),__kingle__ingor“escaping”actuallyimpossible. 解析过去分词作宾补
8.Herbody,withhandsandfeetbound(bind),wasdiscoveredbyatr__elerearlyinthemorning. 解析过去分词用在__结构中
9.Icouldnthelpbutfeel(feel)thisisaverystrangelife. 解析couldnthelpbut后接动词原形
10.Letusconsidertheearthasaplanetrevolving(revolve)roundthesun. 解析现在分词作定语
3.虚拟语气强化练习
1.Ifithadntbeenforyourhelp,wewouldh__ebeen(be)inrealtrouble. 解析与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句
2.Hewouldh__egivenyoumorehelp,ifhehadnotbeen (notbe)sobusy. 解析与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句
3.Itishightimethatwetook (take)firmmeasurestoprotectourenviro__ent. 解析Itishightime+过去式的虚拟形式
4.Itwasimperativethatstudentsfinish (finish)theirpapersbeforeJuly1st. 解析Itwasimperativethat+动词原形的虚拟形式
5.Theyde__ndedthattherighttovotebegiven (give)toevery_____person. 解析de__nd所接宾语从句用动词原形的虚拟形式
6.Therewasamistakeonmypaycheck.Ishouldh__ere__ived (re__ive)$10more. 解析与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句,表示“本应该收到”而实际上没有
7.Iwouldratherhebought (buy)thehousenextyear. 解析wouldrather后接宾语从句,从句用过去式表示虚拟语气
8.The__nagertoldustobefriendlytothevisitorsasifwehadmet (meet)thembefore. 解析asif所引导的从句用过去完成式表示虚拟语气
9.Shouldshecometomorrow,I_________takehertothemuseum. × 正确答案为C [A]can[B]will[C]would[D]must 解析与将来事实相反的虚拟语气的主句
10.Ifwe_________everythingreadybynow,weshouldbeh__ingaterribletimetomorrow. 正确答案为A [A]hadntgot[B]didntget[C]wouldnth__egot[D]wouldntget 解析从句与现在事实相反,但本身已经是现在完成时(从bynow可以看出),所以变为过 去完成时
4.定语从句和名词性从句强化练习
1.Stu___sh__eshown_________teenagersoftensufferfromdepression. 正确答案为A 解析that引导宾语从句 [A]that[B]which[C]inwhich[D]inthat
2.Itisawell-knownfact_________apersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyestocontrolhisdirection. 正确答案为A [A]that[B]if[C]when[D]whether 解析that引导同位语从句
3.Ontheotherhandcon__rnisalsogrowingaboutthepossibilityofaneweconomicorder_________resour__-richnationsoftheThirdWorldwouldcombinetosethighcommoditypri__s. 正确答案为C [A]which[B]what[C]that[D]inthat 解析that引导同位语从句
4.Itisnotyetknown_________computerswillonedayh__evisionasgoodashu__nvision. 正确答案为A [A]whether[B]if[C]that[D]how 解析it为形式主语,whether引导真正的主语从句
5.Suchattitudesamounttoabelief_________leisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse. 正确答案为D [A]which[B]if[C]whether[D]that 解析that引导同位语从句
6.Thereasonfor__kingadecisionis_________aproblemexists,goalsarewrong,orsomethingisstandinginthewayofaccomplishingthem. 正确答案为D [A]why[B]because[C]where[D]that 解析that引导表语从句
7._________developedwasamusicreadilytakingonvariousformsandcapableofanalmostlimitlessrangeofexpression. 正确答案为A [A]What[B]Whether[C]That[D]Which 解析what引导主语从句,并在主语从句中做主语
8.Veryfewpeopleunderstoodthiscontract,_________wasveryobscure. 正确答案为B [A]thelanguage [B]thelanguageofwhich[C]allitsaid [D]whichithadsaid 解析thelanguageofwhich引导非限定性定语从句,并在定语从句中做主语
9.Oftenmusicwasplayedoutofdoors,_________natureprovidedtheenviro__ent. 正确答案为D [A]which [B]that [C]inwhich[D]where 解析where引导非限定性定语从句,并在定语从句中作地点状语
10.__nyofusvisitedtheindustrialexhibition,_________,toourdisappointment,wesawveryfewhigh-techproducts. 正确答案为A [A]where[B]which[C]as[D]that 解析where引导非限定性定语从句,并在定语从句中作地点状语 语法题答题要诀 1)牢记上述表格; 2)分清楚题目属于哪种具体情况; 3)熟练套用正确形式; 4)最后再检查一下是否应作必要的改动如是否被动,三人称动词后加s,动词的不规则变化等 复习指南 在理解上述表格的适用条件后,再通过大量作题来巩固,及时纠正出现的错误,我们一定能攻克语法难题,在语法部分得到一个理想的分数! 三大原则
1.吃透A课文,看懂B课文;
2.背熟可能考汉译英的句子;
3.__含有重点语法的句子 Unit1
1.Thepurposeof__kingadecisionistoestablishandachieveorganizationalgoalsando__ectives.
2.__nagersmust__keabestguessatwhatthefuturewillbeandtrytole__easlittleaspossibletochan__.
3.For__nagers,everydecisionhasconstraintsbasedonpolicies,pro__dures,laws,pre__dents,andthelike.
4.Butthetendencytosimplifyblindsthemtootheralternatives.
5.Decision__kersmusth__esomewayofdeterminingwhichofseveralalternativesisbest—thatis,whichcontributesthemosttotheachievementoforganizationalgoals.
6.Differentindividualsfrequentlyh__edifferentideasabouthowtoattainthegoals,thebestchoi____ydependonwho__kesthedecision.
7.Peopleoftenassumethatadecisionisanisolatedphenomenon.
8.Theliterarycriticsshouldbeaso__ectiveaspossiblein____ysisandjudgment.
9.Sheisalwaysreadytoargueoverthe__allestissues.
10.Iarguedhimoutofgoingonsuchadangerousjourney.
11.Althoughhethoughthewashelpinguswiththejob,hewasonlyintheway. Unit2
12.Thetermswewouldnor__llyusetodescribeascientificphenomenonareinadequatehere.
13.Astronomersandscientiststhinkthatablackholeisaregionofspa__intowhich__tterhasfallenandfromwhichnothingcanescape.
14.Somestarsexplodewhentheirdensityincreasestoaparticularpoint.
15.Thispro__ssofshrinking__ybesointensethatablackholeresults.
16.Itisonlyre__ntlythatastronomersh__ebegunspecificresearchintoblackholes.
17.Veryadvan__dtechnologycouldoneday__keuseoftheenergyofblackholesfor__nkind.
18.Hehasexertedallhisstrengthtoattainhisgoal.
19.Hehasbeenexertingalotofpressureonmetochangemymind.
20.Thecollapseofthegover__entleftthecountryinconfusion.
21.Theresearchgrouplaunchedoutintoaseriesofnewexperiments.Unit3
22.Eachtimeitisshown,theprogramstartsanationwidedebateonthesu__ect.
23.Inadditiontothis,aseconddoctormustconfirmthatthesecriteriah__ebeenmet.
24.Inthevast__jorityofeuthanasiacases,whatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.
25.Euthanasiadoesnttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.
26.Anythingthatlegallyallowstheshorteningoflifedoes__kethosepeoplemorevulnerable.
27.Instructionswillbesentimmediatelyonrequest.
28.__nypeopleopposedbuildinganewhighwaybecauseofthegreatcost.
29.Sheborethewholeburdenofraisingtwochildrenalone.
30.Studentsarehe__ilyburdenedwithhomeassig__ents.
31.Thecommitteede__ndsthatnomember(should)beabsent. Unit4
32.Ofthese20,000,justunder2000arebeingexploitedandabusedbytheiremployers.
33.Inoneofthem,aFilipino__idwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeingconvictedofmurder,despiteprotestsfromvariousquartersthatherguilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished.
34.Iwassupposedtobepaid£120butIneverre__ivedthatamount.
35.MyemployersalwaysthreatenedtoreportmetotheHomeOffi__orthepoli__.
36.__nypeopledoubtwhetherthiswillsuc__ssfullyredu__theinciden__ofabuse.
37.Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported.
38.Itistherighttochangeemployerswhichdistinguishesemploymentfromsl__ery.
39.ThestudentexploitseverypossibilitytolearnEnglish.
40.Ourcountryislaunchingacampaignagainstwaste.
41.Weshouldbealwaysawareofthestatusofworldaffairs.
42.Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanyouwerepreparedfor. Unit5
43.Thenewmusicwasbuiltoutof__terialsalreadyinexisten__.
44.Theyfreelytookoverelementsfromjazz,fromAmericancountrymusic,andastimewentonfromevenmorediversesour__s.
45.Whatdevelopedwasamusicreadilytakingonvariousformsandcapableofanalmostlimitlessrangeofexpression.
46.Instudiorecordings,newtechniques__depossibleeffectsthatnotevenanelectronicbandcouldprodu__live.
47.Electronicamplifiersalso__depossibleafantasticincreaseinvolume,themusicbecomingasloudandpenetratingasthehu__nearcouldstand
48.Oftenmusicwasplayedoutofdoors,wherenatureprovidedtheenviro__ent. 49Thesocialandpoliticaltransfor__tionofacountryisessentialtothedevelopmentofthesociety.
50.Alltheoriesoriginatefrompracti__andinturnservepracti__. Unit6
51.Robots,becomingincreasinglyprevalentinfactoriesandindustrialplantsthroughoutthedevelopedworld,areprogrammedandengineeredtoperformindustrialtaskswithouthu__nintervention.
52.Therobotsusedinnuclearpowerplantshandletheradioactive__terials,preventinghu__npersonnelfrombeingexposedtoradiation.
53.Robotsdifferfromauto__tic__chinesinthataftercompletionofonespecifictask,theycanbereprogrammedbyacomputertodoanotherone.
54.Otherengineersarewritingnewprogramsallowingrobotsto__kedecisionssuchaswhethertodiscarddefectivepartsinfinishedproducts.
55.Thesefuturerobots,assembledwithasenseoftouchandtheabilitytoseeand__kedecisions,willh__eplentyofworktodo.
56.Anyonewantingtounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillh__etoknowaboutrobotics.
57.Hiswordscastanewlightontheproblem.
58.Weshouldbeawareofthedangersofexposingchildrentoviolen__onTV. Unit7
59.Peopleinadvan__dindustrialsocietiesareincreasinglycon__rnedwithopportunitiesforleisureandwhattheycandointheirleisuretime.
60.Generallyspeaking,thequalityoflife,especiallyasseenbytheindividual,ismeaningfulintermsofthedegreetowhichthesevariousareasoflifeare__ailableorprovidesatisfactiontotheindividual.
61.Thespecificuseofleisurevariesfromindividualtoindividual.
62.Experien__sofadifferentnature,beittelevisionwatchingorbird-watching,canleadtoaself-renewalandamore“balan__d”wayoflife.
63.Suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisureisanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatleisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.
64.Toimpartpositiveleisureattitudestothegeneralpublicisessentialformotivatingthemtousetheirleisureincreativeandsatisfyingways.
65.Itcanbearguedthatthepeoplewithwhomwecomeintocontactinthesevariouscontextsarealllikelytoh__eexertedsomeinfluen__inshapingourattitudes,interestsandevenskillsrelevanttohowwehandleleisure.
66.Themoreseriouslythisissought,themorelikelypositiveattitudestowardsleisureaswellasacademicworkwillbeencouraged.
67.Youh__etoattachalabeltoaboxwhilepostingit.
68.Weshould__keourlivesrelevanttotheneedsofthecountry.
69.Healwayshassomepositiveideasoncompanypolicy. Unit8
70.TheproblemofJetLagisoneeveryinternationaltr__elercomesacrossatsometime.
71.Theeffectsofrapidtr__elonthebodyareactuallyfarmoredisturbingthanwerealize.
72.HelaterblamedhispoorjudgmentonJetLag.
73.NowthatweunderstandwhatJetLagis,wecangosomewaytoovercomingit.
74.Intime,thephysiologicalsystemwillresetitself,butitdoestaketime.
75.Itisnotfeasibletowaitfourdaysuntilthebodyisusedtothenewtimezone.
76.Thatisbynomeansthebestwayofpro__eding.
77.Hedidnttakealarmatthenews.
78.Thepianistpromotedagrandbenefitcon__rt.
79.Hedidntwanttobetiedtoasteadyjob. Unit9
80.Thenearerasocietyapproxi__testozeropopulationgrowth,theolderitspopulationislikelytobe—atleast,foranyfuturethatcon__rnsusnow.
81.Tothesenowfamiliarfactsanumberoffurtherfacts__ybeadded,someofthemonlyre__ntlyrecognized.
82.Thereistheappreciationofthesalienthistoricaltruththattheagingofadvan__dsocietieshasbeenasuddenchange.
83.Takentogether,thesethingsh__eimplicationswhichareonlybeginningtobeacknowledged.
84.Thereisoftenresistan__totheideathatitisbecausethebirthratefellearlierinWesternandNorthwesternEuropethanelsewhere,…thatweh__egrownsoold.
85.Longlifeisalteringoursociety,ofcourse,butinexperientialterms.
86.Youraccountofwhathappenedapproxi__testotherealfacts.
87.Hisearningsareoutofallproportiontohisskillandability. Unit10
88.Aminor-_____orindependentcandidate,…candrawvotesawayfromthe__jor-_____nomineesbutstandsalmostnochan__ofdefeatingthem. __.Indecidingwhethertopursueacourseofaction,theytrytoesti__teitslikelyimpactonthevoters.
90.Thesloganwasmeantasaremindertothecandidateandthestafftokeepthecampaignfocusedonthenationsslow-movingeconomy.
91.Whethervotersac__ptthisi__ge,however,dependsmoreonexternalfactorsthanonacandidatespersonalcharacteristics.
92.Asin1980,whenJimmyCarterlosttoRonaldReaganduringtougheconomictimes,thevotersweremotivatedlargelybyadesireforchange.
93.Bushtriedtostiri__gesofhisstrongleadershipofthewar,butvotersre__inedcon__rnedabouttheeconomy.
94.Theinventionisgoingtocauseabigstirintheworld.
95.Youshoulds__eupmoneyto__keprovisionforthefuture. Unit11
96.Ani__lresearchisirrelevanttoourhealthanditcanoftenprodu__misleadingresults.
97.Itwouldbecompletelyirresponsibleandunethicaltousedrugsonpeoplethathadnotbeenthoroughlytestedonani__ls.
98.Oneexperimentinnerveregenerationinvolvescuttingabignerveinaratsleg,le__ingitslegparalysed.
99.Evenwiththesenewdevelopmentsinresearch,onlyatinyproportionofalltestsaredonewithoutusingani__lsatsomestage.
100.Theuseofani__lsinexperimentscannotstopimmediatelyifmedicalresearchistocontinueandconsumerproductsaretobeproperlytested.
101.Whenitcomestoresearchintoheartdiseaseanditseffectsonthebody,wedonoth__eadequatesubstitutesfortheuseofani__ls.
102.Iwassurprisedtoseehisroominsuchalitter.
103.Theconditionsthatexistedtenyearsagoarereprodu__dtoday. Unit12
104.Untilre__ntlydaydreamingwasgenerallyconsideredeitherawasteoftimeorasymptomofneurotictendencies.
105.Atitsbest,daydreamingwasconsideredacompensatorysubstitutefortherealthingsinlife.
106.Aswithanythingcarriedtoex__ss,daydreamingcanbeharmful.
107.Thereisagrowingbodyofeviden__tosupportthefactthatmostpeoplesufferfromalackofdaydreamingratherthananex__ssofit.
108.Daydreamingsignificantlycontributestoin____ectualgrowth,powerofcon__ntration,andtheabilitytointeractandcommunicatewithothers.
109.Daydreamingresultedinimprovedself-controlandenhan__dcreativethinkingability.
110.Contrarytopopularbelief,constantandconsciouseffortatsolvingaproblemis,inreality,oneofthemostinefficientwaysofcopingwithit.
111.Wheneverconfrontedwithataskwhichseemedtoohardtobedealtwith,hewouldstretchoutonhislaboratorysofaandletfantasiesfloodhismind.
112.Theimportantthingtorememberistopicturethesedesiredo__ectivesasifyouhadalreadyattainedthem.
113.Daydreamingishighlybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalwell-being. ___.Escapebeingimpossible,therabbitturnedtoconfrontthedog.
115.Thedifficultiesthatconfrontuscannotbeovercome. Unit13
116.Hecannotbereallyhappyifheiscompelledbysocietytodowhathedoesnotenjoydoing,orifwhatheenjoysdoingisignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorimportan__.
117.Inasocietywheresl__eryinthestrictsensehasbeenabolished,thesignthatwhata__ndoesisofsocialvalueisthatheispaidmoneytodoit.
118.Whatfromthepointofviewofsocietyisne__ssarylaborisfromhisownpointofviewvoluntaryplay.
119.Whetherajobistobeclassifiedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,butonthetastesoftheindividualwhoundertakesit.
120.Itisalreadypossibletoi__gineasocietyinwhichthe__jorityofthepopulation,thatistosay,itslaborers,willh__ealmostasmuchleisureasinearliertimeswasenjoyedbythearistocracy.
121.The__ssesaremorelikelytorepla__anunchangingritualbyfashionwhichitwillbeintheeconomicinterestof__rtainpeopletochangeasoftenaspossible.
122.Workersseldomcommitactsofviolen__,becausetheycanputtheiraggressionintotheirwork,beitphysicalliketheworkofa__ith,ormentalliketheworkofascientistoranartist.
123.Theywereoftencompelledtoworktwelveorfourteenhoursaday.
124.Thepoli__undertookdetailedandcomprehensiveinvestigationsintothecase. Unit14
125.Thedevi__,though,woulddomuchmorethancapturealecture.
126.ItwasamicrocassettefoundinKathleenWeinsteinsshirtpocketthatnotonlyledpoli__toherallegedkillerbutalsorevealedtheNewJerseyteachertobeawo__nofextraordinarycourageandcompassion.
127.GrabbingWeinsteinbythejaw,theattackertoldherhehadagunandfor__dherintotheCamry.
128.Itwasthere,poli__believe,thatWeinsteinwasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.
129.Herpowerofpersuasionweretono__ail.
130.Weinsteinsbody,withhandsandfeetbound,wasdiscoveredbyahikerin__rch.
131.Givenherfate,thenameoftheprogramhasaheartbreakingresonan__toit RandomActsofKindness.
132.Theoperationfosteredhopeinthepatient.
133.Weprotestedbuttono__ail.
134.Hewasfirmlyconvin__dthatriskaccompaniesdecisions. Unit15
135.Thecomputer__kespossiblea__rvellousleapinhu__nproficiency.
136.Butthequestionpersistsandindeedgrowswhetherthecomputerwill__keiteasierorharderforhu__nbeingstoknowwhotheyreallyare…
137.There__ybeatendencytomistakedataforwisdom,justastherehasalwaysbeenatendencytoconfuselogicwithvalues,andin____igen__withinsight.
138.Totheextent,then,that__nfailtodistinguishbetweentheintermediateoperationsofelectronicin____igen__andtheulti__teresponsibilitiesofhu__ndecision,thecomputercouldproveadigression.
139.It__ypromoteundueconfiden__inconcreteanswers.
140.…beforeweloseourselvesin__lebratingthevictory,wemightreflectonthegreatadvan__sinthehu__nsituationthath__ecomeaboutbecausemenwerechallengedbyerrorandwouldnotstopthinkingandexploringuntiltheyfoundbetterapproachesfordealingwithit.
141.Forthedangerisnotsomuchthat__nwillbecontrolledbythecomputerasthathe__yimitateit.
142.Eventospeculateonitisagain.
143.Ifyoupersistinignoringmyinstructions,Ishallh__etopunishyou.
144.Hisulti__tegoalistoodistantandshadowytoobtain.
145.Despitetheirdifferen__s,theirlovewillconquer.
146.Ithastakenhimalongtimetocometotermswiththefactthathewontbeabletogotocollege.
4、解题思路及答题技巧 两大原则
(1)先做主观题,再做客观题
(2)按分值合理分配时间
1.完型填空
(1)上看下看,左看右看,充分利用上下文
(2)熟记固定搭配 ForoverahundredyearsJapanhasconsistentlyspentlargesumsofmoneyandconsiderablehu__nresour__sinanefforttoobtaintechnology.Herabilitytonegotiate_________11bythefactthatmostofthetechnologyshewantedwasnocommercialsecrets. Japans_________12hasalsobeenstrengthenedbythefactthatherinternal__rketwaslarge,sothat_________13tothis__rketcouldbeofferedtomultinationalcompaniesasanattractiontothemtograntli__nses.Besides,Japansworkfor__wasdisciplined,soitwascapable_________14applyingtheinfor__tionitacquired.Finally,AmericanandEuropeancompanies,whowere_________15li__nsers,feltthattheJapanesecompaniesmighttakealargeshareoftheworld__rket_________16theywerenotlimitedbyli__nsingagreement. Conditionsofthissort,_________17togetherinonenation,__ywellbeunique,andthecaseofJapan__ythereforenotactuallydemonstratethatli__nsingisjustasefficientasmultinationalownershipforthe_________18oftechnology. Infact,Japan__ybefindingthismethodofoperation_________19effectivethaninthepast,asherneedsforoutsidetechnologynowrequireinfor__tionwhich_________20onlyafewcompaniesandismorecloselyheld.
11.A.wasstrengthened B.willbestrengthened C.willh__ebeenstrengthened D.hasbeenstrengthened
12.A.positionB.locationC.pla__D.point
13.A.entry B.ac__ss C.presen__ D.ac__ptan__
14.A.at B.in C.for D.of
15.A.potential B.feasible C.liable D.inevitable
16.A.until B.before C.ifD.after
17.A.cameB.comeC.willcome D.coming
18.A.transfor__tion B.transfer C.tran__ission D.shift
19.A.much B.littleC.less D.more
20.A.stickstoB.belongsto C.drawson D.takeson 答案11DABDA 16CDBCB
2.阅读理解
(1)根据问题来看文章
(2)围绕中心思想答题
(3)灵活运用各种猜题技巧
(4)充分发挥有关背景知识的作用 例2(2004下) NASA,theU.S.spa__agency,believestheresagoodchan__thatwerenotaloneintheuniverse.Lastfall,NASAbegananewprojectcalledtheHighResolutionMicrow__eSurvey(HRMS).Itsaim tofindeviden__oflifeinoneofthebillionsofgalaxiesintheuniverse. Thesearchforin____igentlifeonotherplanetsisntnew.Itbeganalmost100yearsago.Thatswhenscientistsbuiltahugetran__ittertosendradiow__esintospa__.Scientiststhought__artbeingsonotherplanetsmightpickupthesignals. Scientistsalsoh__esentamessageabouthu__nsandoursolarsystemtoanearbycons____ation(星座)Butbecausethecons____ationis25,000lightyearsaway,areturnmessagewouldntreachEarthfor50,000years!Sodontwaitupforananswer. Sofar,noextraterrestrial(地球外的)beingsthatweknowofh__ereturnedour“calls.”ButaccordingtoDr.JillTarter,anHRMSscientist,weh__entexactlyhadourearswideopen.“Now,however”saysDr.Tarter,“wevebuiltthetoolsweneedtolistenwell.” LastOctober,Dr.Tarterswitchedonthelargestradiore__iverintheworld.Itsanenormousmetalbowlstretching1,000feetacrossavalleyinPuertoRico. Meanwhile,anotherNASAscientistturnedonahugeradiore__iverinCaliforniasMoj__eDesert.NASAhopesthesebigdishes-andothersaroundtheworld-willpickupradiosignalsfromnewworld. Dr.FrankDrakehasbeensearchingforlifeinouterspa__foryears.HeexplainstheHRMSprojectthisway Tolistentoyourradio,youmovethetuneronthedialuntilthechannelscomeinloudandclear Nowi__gineradiore__iversthatscanourgalaxy“listening”to14millionchannelseverysecond.ThatswhatNASAsradiore__iversinPuertoRicoandCaliforniaaredoing. Butthatsnotall.Powerfulcomputershookedtothere__iversexamineeverysignalcarefully.Thecomputerstryto__tchthesignalstoonesthatscientistsalreadyrecognize,suchashu__n-__designals.Iftheycant,DrakeandTartercheckonthem.“Itcouldprovethereisradiotechnologyelsewhereintheuniverse,”saysDr.Tarter.“Andthatwouldmeanwerenotalone.”
26.NASAscientistsstartedanewprojectinorderto_________. A.discoverlifeinothergalaxies B.sendhu__nbeingsintospa__ C.findeviden__ofanewgalaxy D.confirmthenumberofgalaxies
27.AccordingtoDr.JillTarter,thereasonwhyweh__entre__ivedanyreturnanyreturnmessagesfromouterspa__isthat_________. A.ourearsarenotsharpenoughtohearthem B.ourequipmenthasntbeengoodenough C.ittakesmillionsofyearsforthemtoreachusD.ittakesquitealongtimetosendthem
28.Dr.JillTartercomparesthelargere__iverto_________. A.thehu__nearB.theuniverse C.ametalbowl D.ahugedish
29.AccordingtoDr.FrankDrake,NASAsradiore__iversinPuertoRicoandCaliforniaare_________. A.tryingtocheckoneverychannelcarefully B.movingthetuneronthedialforclearchannels C.scanningtheuniverseforpossiblesignalsD.pickingupradiosignalsfromnewworld
30.Thebesttitleofthispassageis_________. A.SignalsfromtheSpa__B.TheInventionofNewRadioRe__ivers C.TheIn____igentLifeinOuterSpa__D.NASAListensforSpa__Nei___ors 答案26ABACD
3.英译汉 先看懂全文大意,再用比较通顺的汉语翻译,不必拘泥于原来英文句内的顺序,在不损害原意的基础上适当地增词和减词 例3 Ivespentyearsstudyinghappiness,andoneofthemostsignificantconclusionsIvedrawnisthis thereislittlecorrelationbetweenthecircumstan__sofpeopleslivesandhowhappytheyare.Amomentsreflectionshould__kethisobvious.Weallknowpeoplewhoh__ehadarelativelyeasylifeyetareessentiallyunhappy.Andweknowpeoplewhoh__esufferedagreatdealbutgenerallyre__inhappy. Thefirstsecretisgratitude.Allhappypeoplearegrateful.Ungratefulpeoplecannotbehappy.Wetendtothinkthatbeingunhappyleadspeopletocomplain,butitstruertosaythatcomplainingleadspeopletounhappiness.Thesecondsecretisrealizingthathappinessisabyproductofsomethingelse.Themostobvioussour__sarethosepursuitsthatgiveourlivespurposes—anythingfromstudyinginsectstoplayingbaseball.Themorepassionsweh__e,themorehappinesswerelikelytoexperien__. 我花了几年的时间来研究快乐,我得出的一个最重要的结论是人们的生活状况和他们有多快乐没有多少相关性片刻的思考就会把这点弄明白我们都认识一些生活相对轻松但根本不快乐的人,我们也认识一些吃了很多苦但仍能总的保持快乐的人第一个秘诀就是感激所有快乐的人都心怀感激,没有感激心情的人不可能快乐我们往往认为不快乐使得人们抱怨,但是更准确地说应该是抱怨导致人们不快乐第二个秘诀是认识到快乐是其他事物的副产品快乐最显而易见的来源是那些使得我们的生活具有目的性的活动——从研究昆虫到打棒球我们越有__,我们就越可能体验快乐
一、历年习题按语法总结
1.动词 ———谓语动词的时态和语态,非谓语动词,虚拟语气
1.Lotsofemptybeerbottleswerefoundundertheyoung__nsbed;he__________he__ily. A.musth__edrunkB.mustdrinkC.shoulddrinkD.hadtodrink
2.__________home,shefoundthatshehadleftthekeyattheoffi__. A.Toh__earrivedB.ToarriveC.WhilearrivingD.Arriving
3.Indeciding__________acourseofactionthecandidatestriedtoesti__teitslikelyimpactonthevoters. A.whattopursueB.whichtopursueC.whethertopursueD.iftopursue
4.__________theybegantogetdowntobusiness. A.TheholidaysareoverB.Theholidayswereover C.TheholidaysbeingoverD.Theholidayshadbeenover
5.__________nothingtosaytheboyshiedwayfromthecrowd. A.H__eB.H__ingC.HadD.H__ingbeing
6.Theyoungdoctorcouldnotsleepatnighttheworseningconditionofapatient__________him. A.disturbingB.disturbedC.beingdisturbedD.todisturb
7.ShouldshecometomorrowI__________takehertothemuseum. A.canB.willC.wouldD.must
8.Ifwe__________everythingreadybynow,weshouldbeh__ingaterribletimetomorrow. A.hadntgotB.didntget C.wouldnth__egotD.wouldntget
9.__________foryourhelpIwouldnoth__eovercomethepsychologicalpressuresandtensions. A.NotbeenB.WithoutbeingC.HaditnotbeenD.Noth__ingbeen
10.Wouldtyouratheryourchild__________suc__ssfulwithhisstudyandwonthescholarship? A.becameB.becomeC.wouldbecomeD.becomes
11.Youneednt__________himaboutthissin__hecouldfindoutforhimself. A.____B.be____ingC.h__etoldD.h__eto____
12.Ifyou______myadvi__youwouldntbeinsuchtroublenow. A.tookB.takesC.hastakenD.hadtaken
13.Themeeting______welefttheroomquicklyfordinner. A.overB.wasoverC.isoverD.beenover
14.Allthemoney______Frederickstartedlookingforwork. A.h__ingspentB.hasbeenspentC.h__ingbeenspentD.hadbeenspent
15.______histalkwhen__ryranoutofthelecturehall. A.HardlyhadbebegunB.Hardlyhehadbegun C.HardlyhehasbegunD.Hehardlyhadbegun
16.Muchofthecarbonintheearth__________(come)fromthingsthaton__lived.
17.Chinaisnotwhatshe__________(use)tobe.
18.Inthepasttwodecadesresearch__________(expand)ourknowledgeaboutsleepanddreams.
19.Televisionads__________usually__________(repeat)overandoveragain.
20.Someproverbs_______(be)inthelanguagefor1000yearsforexampleAfriendinneedisafriendindeed.
21.Thenationsthat__________actively__________(involve)inearthquakepredictionprogramsincludeJapanChinaRussiaandtheUnitedStates.
22.In1991aftertheGulfWarBushsapprovalratingreached91per__ntthehighestlevelrecordedsin__polling__________(begin)inthe1930s.
23.Seeingviolen__ontelevisionorreadingaboutitinthenewspaperseveryday__________(__ke)ustoleratecrimemorethanweshould.
24.Alltheworriestheymighth__efeltforhim__________(drive)offbythesightofhischeerfulfa__.
25.Littledidtheyrealizethatthey__________(__ke)animportantdiscoveryinscien__.
26.Somepeoplethinkrelationsbetweenpeople_____(deteriorate)somuchthatunderstandingandfriendshiparealmostimpossible.
27.Letshurryup.She_____(must,wait)forus.
28.Nearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhat_____(happen)toher.
29.__nyawriterofnewspaperarticles__________(turn)towritingnovelsduringthepastdecade.
30.There__________(esti__te)tobemorethan20000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritainin
1995.
31.Sofar,Irving__________(live)inNewYorkCityfortenyears.
32.Thepatient__________(send)toanotherhospitalbeforewegotthere.
33.Coffeedelaysthebodyclockinthemorningand__________(advan__)itatnight.
34.Can__rresearch__________(__ke)allovertheworldinthepasttwentyyears.
35.Therewasamistakeonmypaycheck.I__________(re__ive)10more.
36.Thesecondhalfofthenineteenth__ntury__________(witness)thefirstextendedtranslationintoEnglishofthewritingsofEliphasLevi.
37.On__harm__________(do)totheenviro__entittakesyearstoh__ethesystemrecovered.
38.Thisproject__________(accomplish)bytheendof2006willgreatlyimprovethebasicfacilityofthecity.
39.Investigationsintothecauseoftheshipwreckshowthattheship_________(sink)themomentithittherock.
40.Ifthatsoundslikefar-fetchedfantasyconsidertheseinterestingfindingsthat__________(emerge)fromeightyearsofsleepanddreamresearchattheVAHospital.
41.Agreatnumberofthebodysevents__________(schedule)tooccurata__rtaintimeofday.
42.Itisthesemessagesthat__________(form)thebasisofthechildsself-esteem.
43.WithallthisdoneI__________(free)fromalltroublesandresponsibilities.
44.Ifyoucannotunderstandask:Wouldyoumind__________(rephrase)thequestionplease?
45.__nypreschoolteachersdonotliketoh__ecommercially__ketoyweapons__________(bring)intotheclassroom.
46.Robots,alreadytakingoverhu__ntasksintheautomotivefield,arebeginning__________(see)inotherindustriesaswell.
47.Letusconsidertheearthasaplanet_________(revolve)roundsun.
48.A__ncannotbereallyhappyifwhatheenjoys__________(do)isignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorimportan__.
49.Anyone_________(want)tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillh__etoknowaboutrobotics.
50.Itisawell-knowfactthatapersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyes________(control)hisdirection.
51.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvan__dthenumberofani__ls____(use)inexperiments__ydecrease.
52.Robots,__________(become)increasinglyprevalentinfactoriesandindustrialplantsthroughoutthedevelopedworldareprogrammedandengineeredtoperformindustrialtaskswithouthu__nintervention.
53.Theywereoftencompelled__________(work)twelveorfourteenhoursaday.
54.Ithasbeenprovedthattheirbestideasseem__________(occur)whentheywererelaxing.
55.Herbodywithhandsandfeet__________(bind)wasdiscoveredbyatr__elerearlyinthemorning.
56.Anyone__________(want)toliveinthenew__nturywillh__etoknowaboutthecomputer.
57.Ithasbeenprovedthatsomepeoplesbestideasseem__________(occur)whentheyarerelaxinganddaydreaming.
58.They__yh__etheirpassports__________(remove)__kingle__ingorescapingactuallyimpossible.
59.Thispoemif__________(translate)wordforwordintoChinesewill__kenosense.
60.Robots,alreadytakingoverhu__ntasksintheautomotivefield,arebeginning__________(see)althoughtoalesserdegree,inotherindustriesaswell.
61.Anyone__________(want)tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillh__etoknowaboutIT(infor__tiontechnology).
62.__________(____)thatsomeguestwerecomingsheshoppedallmorninginthesuper__rket.
63.Itissaidtheconferen__is__________(hold)inthishallnextmonth.
64.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvan__dthenumberofani__lsusedinexperiments__ydecreasebutstopping_________(test)onani__lsaltogetherisalongwayaway.
65.Alife__________(live)withoutfantasyanddaydreamingisareallypoorlifeindeed.
66.When_____(present)withacommoncasesales__nagerstendtoseesalesproblemsandproduction__nagersseeproductionproblems.
67.Wouldyoumind_____(rephrase)thequestionplease.
68.Theyusedto_____(work)twelveorfourteenhoursadayatthattime.
69.Anorganizationisagroupofpeopleandadecision__(__ke)today__yh__econsequen__sfarintothefuture.
70.For__nagerseverydecisionhasconstraints_____(base)onpoliciespro__duresandlaws.
71.AsIllbeawayforayearIdappreciate_____(hear)fromyounowandthen.
72.Whatdevelopedwasamusicreadily_____(take)onvariousformsandcapableofanalmostlimitlessrangeofexpression.
73.__nyothernewtechniquesare__ailablethatenablemoreresearch_____(do)inthetesttube.
74._____(notget)enoughhandsshehadgreatdifficultyinaccomplishingthetask.
75.AFilipino__idwasexecutedinSingaporeafter_____(convict)ofmurder.
76.Withapplesat25__ntsapoundwecouldntresist_____(take)fourpounds.
77.When_____(give)thechan__itisquitepossibleforhimtofulfillthetaskwithintendays.
78.I‘llbeonlytoopleased_____(help)outthosewhoareindifficulty.
79.Televisionisanother__jorinstrumentofcommunication_____(permit)ustoseeaswellastoheartheperformer.
80.Thereareseveralmeans_____(measure)thelengthandwidthofthegap.
81._____(seize)Janebythecollartheydraggedheroutofthevehicleandlockedherupinthedarkroom.
82.Icouldnthelpbut_____(feel)thisisaverystrangelife.
83._____(use)economically,onetinofoilwilllastatleastthreemonths.
84.Itseemsreasonabletoassumethatotherthings_____(be)equaltheywouldprefersingletosharedrooms.
85.Withthestrike_____(settle)theworkonthenewassemblylinewentaheadlikewildfire.
86.Peopleappreciate_____(talk)withhimbecauseheisknowledgeableandhumorous.
87.Sin__theauthordidnotsticktothetopicIfoundhisarticlevery_____(confuse)andhardtofollow.
88.You__yfindyourself_____(fa__)oneinterviewerorpanel. __._____(understand)theeffectsofapartheiditisne__ssarytothinkofthedailylivesofthepeople.
90.Thedomesticscanh__etheirpassportsremoved,_____(__ke)le__ingorescapingvirtuallyimpossible.
91.MissHannahArentwasthefirstperson_____(define)thedifferen__betweenworkandlabor.
92.Iwouldratherhe_____(buy)thehousenextyear.
93.Theyde__ndedthattherighttovote_____(give)toevery_____person.
94.The__nagertoldustobefriendlytothevisitorsasifwe_____(meet)thembefore.
95.Ifithadntbeenforyourhelpwe_____(be)inrealtrouble.
96.Ifyouhadcomeearlieryou_____(notmiss)thefirstactoftheplay.
97.Hewouldh__egivenyoumorehelpifhe_____(notbe)sobusy.
98.Iwouldrecommendthatyou_____(think)aboutdoingsomethingsimilarforyourself.
99.ShetreatsmeasifI_____(be)astranger.
100.It‘stimesomething_____(do)aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.
101.Itwasimperativethatstudents_____(finish)theirpapersbeforeJuly1st.
102.Itishightimethatwe_____(take)firmmeasurestoprotectourenviro__ent.
103.Hadhebeentreatedwellhe_____(getover)thisdisease.
104.Ifonlytheboard_____(approve)theproposalandputitintoeffect.
105.Ifthalidomide_____(invent)todayitwouldneverbereleasedforhu__nusebecausenewtestsonpregnantani__lswouldrevealthedangers.
106.He_________(write)her10letterssin__hemetherlastyears.
107.Ithinkitne__ssaryforhim________(finish)theworkintime.
108.Thehouseis______(complete)beforehisbrotherswedding__remony.
109.Youhadbetter________(bring)enoughmoneywithyou.
110.IfIhadntlistenedtoyouIwould_______(__ke)suchasillymistake.
111.Thethreeplayersrepeatedlydenied________(take)anydrug.
112.Peoplewhoareentitledto________(vote)shouldbeovereighteen.
113.Ifshe______(catch)the10Oclocktrainshecangettherebylunchtime.
2.从句 ———定语从句名词从句和状语从句
1.Itwastherethepoli__believe_____shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag. A.untilB.whichC.thatD.when
2.Itisnotyetknown_____computerswillonedayh__evisionasgoodashu__nvision. A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
3.Suchattitudesamounttoabelief_____leisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse. A.whichB.ifC.whetherD.that
4.__nyofusvisitedtheindustrialexhibitiontoourdisappointmentwesawveryfewhigh-tech(高技术)products. A.whereB.whichC.asD.that
5.Ontheotherhandcon__rnisalsogrowingaboutthepossibilityofaneweconomicorder_____resour__-richnationsoftheThirdWorldwouldcombinetosethighcommoditypri__s. A.whichB.whatC.thatD.inthat
6.Stu___sh__eshown_____teenagersoftensufferfromdepression. A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inthat
7.Itisbecomingincreasinglycleartopolicy-__kersschoolscannotsolvealltheproblemsofthelargercommunity. A.thatB.whatC.whenD.who
9.Thereisnodoubt_____alargenumberofpeopleh__ebenefitedfromheartsurgery. A.whatB.ofC.ifD.that
10.Suchpeople_____youdescribearenowadays. A.asB.thatC.whoD.which
11.Wasitinthatschool_____hedevelopedhisinterestinphysics? A.whichB.fromwhichC.whereD.that
12.Whydoyoublamehimforhispoorjudgmentonthe__tter_____hereallyneedsisencouragement? A.whenthatB.sin__thatC.whenwhatD.nowthat
13._____Icouldntgetajobinthiscompany. A.TryasImightB.AsImighttryC.TrythoughImightD.Imighttry
14.Itisawell-knownfact____apersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyestocontrolhisdirection. A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether
15.Veryfewpeopleunderstoodthiscontract_____wasveryobscure. A.thelanguageB.thelanguageofwhichC.allitsaidD.whichithadsaid
16.__nagementoftenworkshardtosetupasituation_____workisdoneinseries. A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what
17.AlthoughTomissatisfiedwithhisacademicachievementhewonders____willhappentohisfamilylife. A.itB.thatC.whatD.this
18.Wecannotle__ethistoughjobtoaperson_____. A.whonobodyhasconfiden__B.inwhomnobodyhasconfiden__ C.forwhomnobodyhasconfiden__D.whoeveryonehasconfiden__of
19.Sixoutofeverytenprisonersinchainsareblackwhichis_____thechaingangscallupi__gesofsl__eryin__nturiesgoneby. A.whereB.whenC.whatD.why
20.Robotsdifferfromauto__tic__chines_____aftercompletionofonespecifictasktheycanbereprogrammedbyacomputertodoanotherone. A.sothatB.inwhichC.giventhatD.inthat
21.Hisnamewillbecrossedoutfromthelist_____he__kesthesamemistakeagain. A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.though
22.Fiveminutesearlier_____we__yh__ecaughtthegun__n. A.andB.butC.orD.so
23._____ImsupposedtoworkbymyselfthereareotherpeoplewhoIcaninteractwith. A.IfonlyB.SolongasC.EvenifD.Asfaras
24.Wehopethatallthemeasuresagainstsandstorms_____wasputforwardbythecommitteewillbeconsideredseriouslyatthemeeting. A.whileB.afterC.sin__D.as
25.Youarethebestforthejob_____youapplyyourmindtoit. A.untilB.ifonlyC.incaseD.unless
26.Einsteinclaimedthat__tterandenergyareinterchangeable_____thereisnoabsolutetimeandspa__. A.sothatB.evenifC.incaseD.inorder
27.Inasensemenofthiskindbeginnotsomuchwithamusicaltheme_____withacompletedcomposition. A.butB.thanC.asD.that
28.Youmustpushawaythe__nytemptationsthatarealwayspresent_____yourscheduleisuseless. A.andB.butC.orD.for
3.比较级和最高级
1.Themoretimeyouwastethe_____(easy)itistocontinuewastingtime.
2.The_____(far)awaywegetfromtheearththethinnertheairbecomes.
3.Thegreenestand_____(plentiful)le__esarethele__esofgrasseslivingallovertheworld.
4.Weknowthatwearegettingevenolderandthatthenearerasocietyapproxi__testozeropopulationgrowththe_____(old)itspopulationislikelytobe.
5.Largeorfatpeoplewhowanttolook_____(__all)thantheyareusuallyweardarkclothes.
6.AsJanewasthe_____(old)shelookedaftertheotherchildreninthefamily.
7.Theeffectofrapidtr__elonthebodyisactuallyfar_____(disturb)thanwerealize.
8.The_____(far)awaywegetfromtheearththethinnertheairbecomes.
9.Hewasunabletositstillfor_____(long)thanafewminutes.
10.Themorestressyouareunder_____(likely)youaretocatchacold.
11.IsthisbecausepupilsfromBritainsprivateschoolsaremorein____igentthanthosefromstateschoolsoraretheysimply_____(well)prepared?
12.Theyaretooeasilyregardedasevaluated__rtaintiesratherthanas_____(raw)ofraw__terialscryingtobepro__ssedintothetextureoflogic.
13.The_______(good)hefeelsthemoreworkhewilldo.
4.词形转换
1.Thecontinuingprofessionaleducationof_____(high)educated_____swillbecomeathirdlevelinadditiontoundergraduateandprofessionalorgraduatework.
2.Theexplorerswerepuzzledoverwhattodonextbecausetheywereina_____(trick)situation.
3.Theseelectricapplian__sareallsimilarinconstructionbuteachoneis_____(specialize)initsfunction.
4.Thechildwasplaying_____(danger)neartheedgeoftheswimmingpool.
5.Wewouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursin__re_____(appreciate)ofyourhelp.
6.Robotsbecoming___(increase)prevalentinfactoriesareprogrammedandengineeredtodomorejobs.
7.Theauthorofthetextexpressesastrong_____(disapprove)ofworkingonandofffrequently.
8.Thegover__enthastakenmeasurestoredu__thetotalenergy______(consume).
5.词汇和短语
1.Almosteverythinga__nagerdoes_____decisions;indeedsomesuggestthatthe__nagementpro__ssisdecision__king. A.imposesB.improvisesC.involvesD.indicates
2.Astronomersandscientiststhinkthatablackholeisaregionofspa_______which__tterhasfallenand_____whichnothingcanescape. A.towards…towardsB.into…from C.outof…fromD.through…through
3.Americanmendon‘tcrybecauseitisconsiderednot_____ofmentodoso. A.characteristicB.tolerantC.symbolicD.independent
4.Attheendof1994theBritishGover__entintrodu__dnewmeasurestohelp_____domesticworkersfromabusebytheiremployers. A.protectB.suspectC.expectD.inspect
5.Thespecificuseofleisure_____fromindividualtoindividual. A.rangesB.distinguishesC.variesD.covers
6.Nationsare_____asagedwhentheyh__e7per__ntormoreoftheirpeopleaged65orabove. A.limitedB.classifiedC.originatedD.pro__ssed
7.Itistouchingtoseehowacatordog-especiallyadog-_____itselftofamilyandwantstoshareinallitsgoingsandcomings. A.attributesB.appliesC.assignedD.attaches
8.Shewasmore_____thanfrightened. A.surprisingB.interestedC.hatedD.surprised
9.Theattentionofthepublicwascontinually_____tonewpossibilitiesinscientificfieldsandthediscoveryofnewknowledge. A.appliedB.drawnC.referredD.thrown
10.Few_____anylivetheirliveswithoutsomedegreeofunhappinessandsuffering. A.likeB.ex__ptC.ifD.when
11.__nywomenaretoocon__rned_____stayingthinandtheybelievethatvitaminsaresomekindof__giccuretorepla__food. A.ofB.byC.withD.on
12.Ineducationthereshouldbeagoodbalan__amongthebranchesofknowledgethatcontribute_____effectivethinkingandwisejudgment. A.atB.inC.forD.to
13._____thenumbersinemploymentthehotelindustrywasthesecondlargestindustryinthiscountrylastyear. A.InlinewithB.IntermsofC.Inaccordan__withD.Inproportionto
14.Airtr__elissoquicknowadaysthatwecanle__eLondonafterbreakfastandarriveinNewYork____eighthours. A.inB.forC.afterD.until
15.Itisalsotruethattheeffectofadrugismuch_____uponyoungstersthan_____s. A.biggerB.fewerC.greaterD.little
16.Becausethereading_____inmostcollegecoursesareveryhe__ystudentsshouldplantoreadeveryday. A.assig__entsB.schedulesC.activitiesD.programs
17.Forlong-timeefficiencyandhappinessitisbesttoobservethe_____ofhealthandsoundworkingconditions. A.principlesB.ideasC.elementsD.factors
18._____theirdifferen__stheyfellpassionatelyinlovewitheachother. A.AsforB.OwingtoC.DespiteD.Through
19._____yourselftothejobinhandandyou‘llsoonfinishit. A.ReplyB.ImplyC.ApplyD.Supply thisbecausepupilsfromBritain‘sprivateschoolsaremorein____igentthanthosefromstateschoolsoraretheysimply_____(well)prepared?
12.Theyaretooeasilyregardedasevaluated__rtaintiesratherthanas_____(raw)ofraw__terialscryingtobepro__ssedintothetextureoflogic.
13.The_______(good)hefeelsthemoreworkhewilldo.
14.Airtr__elissoquicknowadaysthatwecanle__eLondonafterbreakfastandarriveinNewYork____eighthours. A.inB.forC.afterD.until
15.Itisalsotruethattheeffectofadrugismuch_____uponyoungstersthan_____s. A.biggerB.fewerC.greaterD.little
16.Becausethereading_____inmostcollegecoursesareveryhe__ystudentsshouldplantoreadeveryday. A.assig__entsB.schedulesC.activitiesD.programs
17.Forlong-timeefficiencyandhappinessitisbesttoobservethe_____ofhealthandsoundworkingconditions. A.principlesB.ideasC.elementsD.factors
18._____theirdifferen__stheyfellpassionatelyinlovewitheachother. A.AsforB.OwingtoC.DespiteD.Through
19._____yourselftothejobinhandandyoullsoonfinishit. A.ReplyB.ImplyC.ApplyD.Supply
20.Thiswillnotonlykeepthestudyhabitalivebutalsokeepyouupto___onyourclassassig__entsandprojects. A.dayB.dateC.numberD.time
21.Icant_____themeaningofhispoembecauseitstoovague. A.turnoutB.putoutC.figureoutD.lookout
22.Somepeoplethinkthatani__lresearchisirrelevant_ourhealthandthatitcanoftenprodu__misleadingresults. A.withB.atC.onD.to
23.Thesenetworksareonthe_____forwarningsignsthatshowtheweakeningofrocklayersthatcanpre__deanearthquake. A.eagernessB.alarmC.alertD.guard
24._____itwasraining__nyinternationaltouristswereh__ingpicnicsinthewoods. A.InspiteB.Inspiteof C.InspiteofthatD.Inspiteofthefactthat
25.Thestudentswouldnoth__e__desomuchprogressunderless_____conditions. A.popularB.welcomeC.f__orableD.prosperous
26.The_____hasfailedto_____the__jorityofvotersthatitiscapableofgoverningthecountry. A.trustB.creditC.convin__D.believe
27._____drivingaroundalldaylookingforsomewheretoparkwhydontyoutakeabustotown? A.InspiteofB.RatherthanC.Inpla__ofD.Otherthan
28.Thekidsare_____behungrywhentheygethome-theyalwaysare. A.obligedtoB.boundtoC.desiredtoD.motivatedto
29.Allthecharacteristicsthatdistinguishbirds_____otherani__lscanbetra__dtoprehistorictimes. A.toB.betweenC.forD.from
30.Whenthecitywas_____everyoneknewthattotaldefeatwas__rtain. A.cutoffB.cutdownC.cutacrossD.cutout
31.Inhiscompositiontherewerenoothererrors_____afewmisspelledwords. A.besideB.ex__ptC.thenD.than
32.Isaphoneconversationagoodsubstitute_____afa__-to-fa__talk? A.forB.toC.ofD.by
33.Whenweplayagameweenjoywhatwearedoing_____weshouldnotplayit. A.insteadB.otherwiseC.neverthelessD.either
34.HeaskedJuliato__rryhimbutshe_____hisproposal. A.turnedupB.turnedonC.turnedoverD.turneddown
35.Hesaidhewouldnt_____whatwouldhappennext. A.guaranteeB.speculateC.opposeD.promise
36.Theliterarycriticsshouldbeas_________aspossiblein____ysisandjudgment. A.positiveB.negativeC.su__ectiveD.o__ective
37.Ittookalongtimeforherto_____thefactthatherhu__andwasdi__issed. A.comeupagainstB.comeuptoC.comeupwithD.cometotermswith
38.Asactivitycarried_____asonethinksfitinonessparetimeleisurehasseveralfunctions. A.onB.outC.offD.over
39.Theothertimingsystembelongsinourinternalclockswhichleft___wouldtiethebodytoa25-hourrhythm. A.behindB.aloneC.outD.aside
40.Ithasbeenyears_____Ireturnedhome. A.afterB.thatC.sin__D.when
41.Wellkeepyou_____anynews. A.uptodatewithB.instepwithC.inlinewithD.intermsof
42.Idliketogotothecine__butIm_____to. A.enableB.disableC.unableD.able
43.I‘mwonderingwhyhehasntturned_____atthemeeting. A.downB.upC.outD.over
44.Contrary_____popularbeliefmoderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite. A.onB.atC.againstD.to
45._____thestormweh__etopostponetheflight. A.OwingtoB.ThankstoC.BecauseD.As
46.Byusingbothearsonecan____thedirection_____asoundcomes. A.inwhichB.fromwhichC.overwhichD.withwhich
47.Whensheworkedwiththegover__entshe_____thedifficulttaskofmonitoringelections. A.overworkedB.overtookC.underwentD.undertook
48.Apparentlyitwasntanaccident.Someonemusth__edoneiton_____. A.intentionB.determinationC.purposeD.reason
49._____conclusionwalkingisacheapsafeandenjoyableformofexercise. A.InB.OnC.ByD.As
50.Juliewenttothe_____tobuyapairofshoes. A.shoesstoreB.shoesstoreC.shoestoreD.shoesstore
51.Hehascalledameetingofallpartieswitha_____toformanewgover__ent. A.purposeB.reasonC.viewD.goal
52.Gazingintohiseyessheseemedtoh__e_____allhesaid. A.takenupB.takenoverC.takenoffD.takenin
53.Inevery__jorcitytherearemore_____apartmentsthantherearehomelesspeople. A.blankB.vacantC.emptyD.bare
54.Theyclaimthat_____$150millionistobespentonimprovement. A.sufficientlyB.approxi__telyC.considerablyD.properly
55.Thesetwoareasaresimilar_____thattheybothh__eahighrainfallduringsummer. A.ex__ptB.soC.nowD.in
56.Itoffersusafullersenseofbeingintenselyalivefrom_____tomoment. A.timeB.momentC.periodD.instant
57.It__ybeworthrememberingthat_____John__jordidn‘thimselfgotoOxfordmostofhisministersdid. A.afterB.sin__C.whileD.if
58.Theeffectsofrapidtr__el_____thebodyarefarmoredisturbingthanwerealize. A.onB.inC.forD.to
59.Herpowersofpersuasionwere_____no__ail. A.forB.byC.withD.to
60.Thereislittlelikelihoodthatapaneloffivewantstogothroughthe_____ofallshakinghandswithyou. A.pro__ssB.prospectC.pre__dentD.presen__
61.Itistherighttochangeemployerswhich_____employmentfromsl__ery. A.distinguishesB.derivesC.releasesD.relieves
62.Itistouchingtoseehowacatordog_____itselftoafamilyandwantstoshareinallitsgoingsandcomings. A.sacrifi__sB.opposesC.exposesD.attaches
63.Ahealthyself-esteemisaresour__forcopingwhendifficulties_____. A.riseB.raiseC.ariseD.arouse
64.Thechallengeisnotoneofexpansion_____.therapidgrowthinenrollmentoverthelast40yearshascometoanend. A.AsaresultB.ByallmeansC.IncontrastD.Onthecontrary
65.Heyle__e_____!Ihatepeopletouchingmyhair. A.behindB.outC.offD.over
66.Ithoughttheproblemofwatershortagewould_____atthemeetingbutnobodymentionedit. A.comeupB.comeuptoC.comeoverD.cometo
67.Thereisadeadlock(僵局)inthediscussionwhenneithersidegives_____totheover. A.awayB.wayC.thewayD.itsway
68.Thistypeofdeskandchaircanbeadjusted_____theheightofstudentsatdifferentages. A.withB.forC.toD.in
69.Thenextgenerationofrobotswillh__easenseof_____. A.feelB.touchC.contactD.grasp
70.Scientistsbelievethatyouusually_____tooneideaatatime. A.attendB.tendC.pretendD.extend
71.fromasystemspointof_____problemsh__emultiplecauses. A.sightB.ideaC.perspectiveD.view
72.Tothesenowfamiliarfactsanumberoffurtherfacts__ybe_____someofthemonlyre__ntlyrecognized. A.shownB.proposedC.derivedD.added
73.Hearguesthateuthanasiadoesnttakeinto_____thattherearewaysofcaringforthedying. A.opinionB.thoughtC.mindD.account
74.Two-thirdsofthenationsvotersstillidentifythemselves_____DemocratsofRepublicans. A.forB.asC.byD.over
75.Sin__weh__eafocusedsu__ectweshouldnottalk_____. A.aton__B.athandC.atintervalsD.atrandom
76.Itwouldbebetterto__keadecisionnow______le__eituntilnextweek. A.otherthanB.ratherthanC.lessthanD.morethan
77.Wellinformyouassoonasticketsbecome______. A.valuableB.capableC.ac__ptableD.__ailable
78.Theforeigncompanyhasbeen______runningthisfactoryfordecades. A.enormouslyB.effectivelyC.infinitelyD.extremely
79.Thetwosistersare_____in__nywaysnotonlyinappearan__butalsointemperament. A.likeB.likelyC.alikeD.lively
80.Thepurposeoftheprogramistoprovidetrainingforemployeessothattheycanwork______. A.lateB.laterC.latelyD.latest
81.Ihopemyboyfriendwillbehandsomestrongand______kind. A.aboveallB.inallC.atallD.afterall
二、汉译英重要句型
1.状语从句 1)如果你坚持不听我的话我就是要惩罚你 IfyoupersistinignoringwhatI(h__e)saidIwillpunishyou. 2)如果你不努力学习你就没有可能在竞赛中取胜 Ifyoudonotstudyhard/workhardatyourstu___dyouwillstandnochan__ofwinning/itwillnotbepossible/itwillbeimpossibleforyoutowininthecontest. 3)如果他被迫去做他不乐意做的事他不可能高兴 Ifheiscompelledtodowhathedoesnotenjoydoinghecannotbehappy. 4)不论他怎么说我也不相信他 WhateverhesaysIwontbelievehim. 5)有些星辰的密度(density)达到某一点就会__ Somestarsexplodewhentheirdensityincreasestoa__rtainpoint. 6)直到最近我才意识到语言与文化密切相关 Ididn‘trealizethatlanguagewascloselyrelatedtocultureuntil(quite)re__ntlythatlanguageandcultureweresocloselyrelatedtoeachother. Notuntil(quite)re__ntlydidIrealizethatlanguagewascloselyrelatedtoculture. 7)我工作了一整天所以你来看我时我很疲倦 Iwasverytired/exhaustedwhenyoucametoseemeforIhadbeenworkingthewholeday. 8)随着研究技术变得更加先进用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少 Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvan__dthenumberofani__lsusedinexperimentswillgreatlydecrease/decline/redu__/lower. 9)虽然管理者不能预测未来但他们的许多决策还是要求他们考虑到未来可能发生的事情Although__nagerscannotpredictthefuture__nyoftheirdecisionsrequirethattheyconsider/takeintoaccountpossiblefutureevents. 10)爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的因此没有绝对的时间和空间 Einsteinclaimedthat__tterandenergyareinterchangeablesothereisnoabsolutetimeandspa__/sotimeandspa__arenotabsolute. 11)我因打破了眼镜所以看不清当时发生了什么事 Ihadbrokenmyglasses()soIcouldntseewhatwashappening. IcouldntseewhatwashappeningbecauseIhadbrokenmyglasses./becauseofmybrokenglasses. BecauseIhadbrokenmyglassesIcouldntseewhatwashappening. 12)我更喜欢住在乡村因为那里空气污染不太严重 Iprefertoliveinthecountryinthattheairpollutionthereislessserious.
2.名词从句 2)不用说我们现在已不是生活在传统社会 Itgoeswithoutsayingthatwearenotlivinginatraditionalsociety. 3)你是否把所有的钱都从银行里取出来由你自己决定 Itsuptoyouwhetheryouwillwithdrawallyourmoneyformthebank. 4)他们是怎样按计划完成这项工程的仍然是个谜 Howtheyhadcompletedtheconstructionintime/asplannedre__ined/isstillamystery. 5)他能否按时到达现在还不得而知 Itisnotyetknown/Itishardtosaywhether/ifhewillarrive/comeontime. 6)人们认为饭后散步有助消化 Itisbelievedthattakingawalkaftermealspromotesdigestion/isgoodtoyoursto__ch. 7)他说的与事实完全相反 Whathesaidwastotallyopposedtothefacts. 8)科学家正在研究___白日梦(daydreaming)会有益于人们的健康 Scientistsarestudyingwhydaydreamingisbeneficial/conducivetopeopleshealth. 9)他的肤色与他是否是个好教授没有关系 Thecolorofhisskinisirrelevanttowhetherheisagoodprofessorornot. 10)那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁 Thebiologistisconvin__d/believesthatsomeani__lspeciesarefa__dwiththedangerofextinction. 11)我不知道他是否能够提供有力的证据 Iwonderifhecanprovidepositiveproof. 12)爱因斯坦声称物质和能量是可以相互转化的因此没有绝对的时间和空间 Einsteinclaimedthat__tterandenergyareinterchangeablesothereisnoabsolutetimeandspa__/sotimeandspa__arenotabsolute. 13)最新的研究成果表明白日做梦是日常生活的一部分 Re__ntresearchindicatesthatdaydreamingispartofdailylife. 14)你所说的与我们正在讨论的豪不相干 Whatyousaidhasnothingtodo/hasnorelevan__withwhatwearediscussing.
3.定语从句 1)一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作 Apersonwhoappreciates/Apersonwithappreciationofartandliteratureisqualifiedforthejob. 2)处理这项事务的__部门没有做统计 Thegover__entdepartmentthatdealswiththisdoesnotkeepstatistics. 3)短缺并未严重到你报道的那种程度 Theshortagedonotexisttotheextentthatyoureport.
4.比较级和最高级 1)快速旅行对人体的影响比我们意识到的要大得多 Theeffectsofrapidtr__elonthehu__nbodyaremuchgreaterthanwerealize. 2)一个社会的人口增长率越接近零其人口便越老龄化 Thenearerasocietyapproxi__testozeropopulationgrowththeolderitspopulationis. 3)近年来计算机在各个领域的应用越来越广泛 Inre__ntyearsthecomputerisfindingwiderandwiderapplicationinallfields. 4)时间是世界上最容易浪费也是最难以把握的东西 Timeistheeasiestthingintheworldtowasteandthemostdifficultthingtocontrol. 5)男人的平均身高比女人高几英寸 Onthe__eragemenarehigherthanwomenbyseveralinches/severalincheshigherthanwomen. 6)这次考试比我们预想的要难得多 Thetestwasmuchmoredifficultthanwehadexpected.
5.动词 1)众所周知即使同样的休闲活动不同的人可能使用的方式也不相同 Itiswellknownthateventhesameleisureactivity__ybeuseddifferentlybydifferentindividuals. 2)据说那个病人曾要求医生助他一死 Thepatientissaidtoh__easkedthedoctortohelphim___. 3)几年前被认为不可能实施的手术现在医院都能做 Operationsthatwereconsideredimpossibleafewyearsagocannowbeperformedin__nyhospitals. 4)绝大多数医学上的重大进步都是建立在动物研究基础上的 Mostofthe__jormedicaladvan__sarebasedonani__lresearch. 5)演唱者是由他的学生担任钢琴伴奏的 Thesingerwasaccompaniedonthepianobyhispupil. 6)我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校生怕天会下雨 Wehurriedbacktoschoollestitshouldrain. 7)三年前她曾在伦敦一家茶厂工作工资很低 ThreeyearsagesheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactoryinLondon. 8)将来还会有脑力劳动和体力劳动的区别吗? Willtherebeanydifferen__betweenthementalandthe__nuallaborinthefuture? 9)__已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查 Thepoli__h__etakenadetailedandcomprehensiveinvestigationintothecase. 10)人们对于如何达到这个目标有不同的看法 Peopleh__edifferentideas/viewsabouthowtoattainthegoal. 11)现在的问题不是读什么书而是怎样读书 Theproblemnowisnotwhattoreadbuthowtoread.
6.强调句 那时在大学生中流行的正是民间音乐 Atthattimeitwasfolkmusicthatwaspopularamongcollegestudents.《英语
(二)》常考词汇 第一单元
1.常考单词 goal,o__ective,accomplish,predict,accompany,implement,tendency,achievement,argue,budget,define,entity
2.常考词组 intheway,inpart,pointofview,contributeto,toapplyfor,inhand,toturndown
3.常考句子 1)Adecisionisachoi____defromamongalternativecoursesofactionthatare__ailable. 2)Often__nagersmust__keabestguessatwhatthefuturewillbeandtrytole__easlittleaspossibletochan__. 3)Ifthereisnochoi__,thereisnodecisiontobe__de. 4)For__nagerseverydecisionhasconstraintsbasedonpolitics,pro__dures,laws,pre__dentsandthelike. 5)Forexample,__nagerssometimestreatproblemsinaneither/orfashion. 6)Decision__kersmusth__esomewayofdeterminingwhichofseveralalternativesisbest-thatis,whichcontributesthemosttotheachievementoforganizationalgoals. 7)Inthelargerschemeofthings,however,increasedfundingforresearchtoimprovetheproductsmightbemorebeneficialtotheorganization. 8)Someoftheseo__ectivesaremoreimportantthanothers,buttheorderanddegreeofimportan__oftenvaryformpersontopersonandfromdepartmenttodepartment. 第二单元
1.常考单词 escape,explode,collapse,shrink,gr__ity,measurement,basis,launch,convincing,companion,speculation,swallow,operate,to__keuseof,agreat__ny,aboveall
2.常考句子 1)Astronomersandscientiststhinkthatablackholeisaregionofspa__intowhich__tterhasfallenandfromwhichnothingcanescape. 2)Thetheoryisthatsomestarsexplodewhentheirdensityincreasestoaparticularpoint. 3)SomepeoplethinkthattheStartofBethlehemcouldh__ebeenasupernova. 4)Ifa__nfellintoablackhole,hewouldthinkthathereachedthe__nterofitveryquickly. 5)Itisonlyre__ntlythatastronomersh__ebegunspecificresearchintoblackholes. 6)Ontheotherhand,scientistsh__esuggestedthateveryadvan__dtechnologycouldoneday__keuseoftheenergyofblackholesfor__nkind. 第三单元
1.常考单词 weakendeterioratedebatelegalrequestcriterionensureopposetraditionconsiderationdisabledburdenvulnerableprohibitionsensitive
2.常考词组 todebateon to__kerequestfor beopposedto totake…intoaccount
3.常考句子 1)Affectedwithaseriousdisease,vanWendalwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating. 2)VanWendelslastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinal,lethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands. 3)Theprogrammehassin__beenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshown,itstartsanationwidedebateonthesu__ect. 4)Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaare____ingmeisthatdyingpeopleh__enttheright. 第四单元
1.常考单词 demestic statisticsdiplo__t exploit campaign execute convict despite deserving shelf minimum statusdeport
2.常考句子 1)Thereareesti__tedtobemorethan20,000overseasdomesticservantsworkinginBritain. 2)Ofthese20,000,justunder2,000arebeingexploitedandabusedbytheiremployers. 3)Thesadconditionofwomenworkingasdomesticsaroundtheworldre__ivedmuchmediaattentionearlierthisyearinseveralhighlypublicizedcases. 4)AFilipino__idwasexecutedinSingaporeafterbeingconvictedofmurder,despiteprotestsformvariousquartersthatherguilthadnotbeenadequatelyestablished. 5)SheusedtoworkforaverylowwageatateafactoryinSriLanka. 6)Becauseshefounditdifficulttofeedherfourchildren,sheac__ptedajobworkingasadomesticinLondon. 7)Soiftheydocomplain,theyriskbeingdeported. 第五单元
1.常考单词 Musician rhythmic distinct consciousness originate readily instrument electronic thereby passive participant
2.常考词组 totakepla__ totakeover totakeon inasense atastretch toserveas inadvan__ forthesakeof
3.常考句子 1)Thenewmusicwasbuiltoutof__terialsalreadyinexisten__. 2)Folkmusic,oldandmodern,waspopularamongcollegestudents. 3)Theyfreelytookoverelementsformjazz,fromAmericancountrymusic. 4)Withrecordsathome,listenersimitatedtheselightingeffectsasbesttheycould. 第六单元
1.常考单词efficiency increasingly install personnel expose reduction completion specific switch critical intensity scaledefective
2.常考词组 inthat inquestion plentyof
3.常考句子 1)Mostoftodaysrobotsareemployedintheautomotiveindustry,wheretheyareprogrammedtotakeoversuchjobsasweldingandspraypaintingautomobileandtruckbo___s. 2)Robots,alreadytakingoverhu__ntasksintheautomotivefieldarebeginningtobeseen,although toalesserdegree,inotherindustriesaswell. 3)Therobotsusedinnuclearpowerplantshandletheradioactive__terials,preventinghu__npersonnelfrombeingexposedtoradiation. 4)Robotsdifferfromauto__tic__chinesinthataftercompletionofonespecifictask,theycanbereprogrammedbyacomputertodoanotherone. 5)Engineersskilledinmicroelectronicsandcomputertechnologyaredevelopingartificialvisionforrobots. 6)Withtheabilityto“see”,robotscanidentifyandinspectonespecificclassofo__ectsoutofastackofdifferentkindsof__terials. 7)Anyonewantingtounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillh__etoknowaboutrobotics. 第七单元
1.常考单词research attach underlie relevant positive possession desirable relaxation occupation urban acquire participation
2.常考词组 becon__rnedwith berelevantto toset…aso__ective
3.常考句子 1)Peopleinadvan__dindustrialsocietiesareincreasinglycon__rnedwithopportunitiesforleisure. 2)Theimportan__peopleattachtopaidholidaysandtherapiddevelopmentofservi__sfor__ssentertai__entandrecreationaresignsofthisincreasingcon__rn. 3)Thespecificuseofleisurevariesfromindividualtoindividual. 4)Sin__leisureisbasicallyself-determined,oneisabletotaketoonesinterestsandpreferen__sand getinvolvedinanactivityinwaysthatwillbringenjoymentandsatisfaction. 5)Basically,suchattitudesamounttoarecognitionthatleisureisanimportantareaoflifeandabeliefthatLeisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse. 6)Forexample,thedegreetowhichandthewaysinwhichaschoolencouragesparticipationingames,sportsandculturalpursuitsarelikelytocontributetotheshapingofleisureattitudesonthepartofthestudents. 7)Schoolsusuallysetastheireducationalo__ectivetheattai__entofabalan__ddevelopmentoftheperson. 8)Themoreseriouslythisissought,themorelikelypositiveattitudestowardsleisureaswellasacademicworkwillbeencouraged. 第八单元
1.常考单词 flight negotiation transport overcome internal external rhythm feasible assumption promote
2.常考词组 effecton toblame…on toadvantage nowthat outofstep tole__e…alone
3.常考句子 1)TheproblemofJetLagisoneeveryinternationaltr__elercomesacrossatsometime.(para.1) 2)Theeffectsofrapidtr__elonthebodyareactuallyfarmoredisturbingthanwerealize.(para.2) 3)HelaterblamedhispoorjudgementonJetLag.(para.3) 4)NowthatweunderstandwhatJetlagis,wecangosomewaytoovercomingit.(para.4) 5)Theotherbelongsinourinternalclockswhich,leftalone,wouldtiethebodytoa25hour-yes,25-rhythm.(para.5) 6)Intimethephysiologicalsystemwillresetitself,butitdoestaketime.(para7) 7)Onereasonforthisdiscrepancyisthatdifferentbodilyeventsarecontrolledbydifferentfactors.(para.8) 8)Itisnotfeasibletowaitfourdaysuntilthebodyisusedtothenewtimezone.(para.9) 第九单元
1.常考单词 classify approxi__te proportion appreciation acknowledge alter lengthen wealthy neglect expectation
2.常考词组 toapproxi__teto resistan__to tocopewith attribute…to
3.常考句子 1)Nationclassifiedas“aged”whentheyh__e7per__ntofmoreoftheirpeopleaged65orabove.(para.1) 2)Thenearerasocietyapproxi__testozeropopulationgrowth,theolderitspopulationislikelytobe-atleast,foranyfuturethatcon__rnsusnow. 3)Theolderyouarenow,ofcourse,thegreaterthisproportionwillbe,andgreaterstillifyouareawo__n. 4)Ifyouarenowinyourthirties,yououghttobeawarethatyoucanexpecttolivenearlyonethirdoftherestofyourlifeaftertheageof
60. 第十单元
1.常考单词election vote __rtainty loyalty decline democrat strategy pursue impact headquarters economy stir congress representative
2.常考词组 toidentify……as impacton
3.常考句子 1)Candidatestrytoprojectastrongleadershipi__ge.(para.4) 2)Whethervotersac__ptthisi__ge,however,dependsmoreonexternalfactorsthanonacandidatespersonalcharacteristics.(para.4) 此句注意主语从句作主语 3)Ayearlater,withthenationseconomyintrouble,Bushsapprovalratingdroppedbelow40per__nt. 4)Candidatesareparticularlycon__rnedwithwinningthestateswhichh__ethelargestpopulation. 5)Clintonre__ivedonly43per__ntofthepopularvotein1992,comparedwithBushs38per__ntandPerots19per__nt. 第十一单元
1.常考单词 disorder irrelevant misleading irresponsible eventual repla__ partly undergo suitable todoresearchinto be__ntralto beirrelevantto toaimfor
2.常考句子 1)Theuseofani__lshasbeen__ntraltothedevelopmentofanaesthetics. 2)Ani__lresearchisirrelevanttoourhealthanditcanoftenprodu__misleadingresults. 3)Peopleandani__lsaredifferentintheirreactionstodrugsandinthewaytheirbo___swork. 4)Itwouldbecompletelyirresponsibleandunethicaltousedrugsonpeoplethathadnotbeenthoroughlytestedonani__ls. 5)Theeventualaimofcomputermodelingistoredu__thenumberofani__lsusedinexperiments. 6)__nyothernewtechniquesarenow__ailablethatenablemoreresearchtobedoneinthetesttubetoseeifchemicalsprodu__harmfulbiologicaleffects. 7)Thenumberofani__lsusedinlaboratorytestshasdeclinedoverthelast20years. 8)Thisispartlyduetoalternativesandpartlytothefactthatexperimentsarebetterdesignedsofewerneedtobeused. 9)ProfessorD__idMortonofthedepartmentisinvolvedinani__lresearchandiscon__rnedwithreducingani__lsufferingasmuchaspossible. 10)Thisincludeskeepingtheminmoresuitablecages. include后面接动名词作宾语 11)IntheUS,oneexperimentinnerveregenerationinvolvescuttingabignerveinaratsleg. involve后面接动名词作宾语 12)Whenitcomestoresearchintoheartdiseaseanditseffectsonthebody,ordiseasesofthebrainforexample,wedonoth__eadequatesubstitutesfortheuseofani__ls. Whenitcomesto当提到…的时候 第十二单元
1.常考单词 symptom in____ectual detail initial inventor confront sensitivity reflection creativity character tra__ modest investment tosubstitute…for becontraryto toputoff beconfrontedwith togazeat beunawareof toimpress…on befreefrom bebeneficialto
2.常考句子 1)Atitsbest,daydreamingwasconsideredacompensatorysubstitutefortherealthingsinlife. 2)Therearealwaysthosewhowouldsubstitutefantasylivesfortherewardsofrealactivity.(para.2) 3)Mostpeoplesufferfromalackofdaydreamingratherthananex__ssofit.(para.2) 4)Notonlyaretheylessabletodealwiththepressureofday-to-dayexisten__,butalsotheirself-controlandself-directionbecomeendangered.(para.2) 5)Butitsbeneficialeffectsgobeyondthis.(para.3) Gobeyond表示“超越…,不仅仅是…” 6)Historically,scientistsandinventorsareonegroupthatseemstotakefulladvantageofrelaxedmoments. Takeadvantageof利用 7)Wheneverconfrontedwithataskwhichseemedtoohardtobedealtwith,hewouldstretchoutonhislaboratorysofaandletfantasiesfloodhismind.(para.7) 8)Pictureyourselfaswinningandthatwillcontributere__rkablytosuc__ss. Theimportantthingtorememberistopicturethesedesiredo__ectivesasifyouhadalreadyattainedthem. 第十三单元
1.常考单词 compel voluntary undertake coincide __nual efficiency compulsion division eliminate boring amusement sofaras…knows tocoincidewith attitudetoward togoinfor
2.常考句子 1)Hecannotbereallyhappyifhiscompelledbysocietytodowhathedoesnotenjoydoing. 2)Whetherajobistobeclassifiedaslabororworkdepends,notonthejobitself,butonthetastesoftheindividualwhoundertakeit. 3)Thedifferen__doesnot,forexample,coincidewiththedifferen__betweena__nualandamentaljob. 4)Sothatitisnaturalforhimtoi__ginethatthefewerhourshehastospendlaboring,andthemorehoursheisfreetoplay,thebetter. 第十四单元
1.常考单词 devi__ compassion grab belonging threatening convin__ foster persuasion __ail suspect profound toconvin____.todosth. tocommenton
2.常考句子 1)ItwasamicrocassettefoundinKathleenWeinsteinsshirtpocketthatnotonlyledpoli__to herallegedkillerbutalsorevealedtheNewJerseyteachertobeawo__nofextraordinarycourage andcompassion. 本句是个强调句,另外注意found的用法 2)Itwasthere,poli__believe,thatWeinsteinwasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.本句是强调句 3)Weinsteinsbody,withhandsandfeetbound,wasdiscoveredbyahikeron__rch
17. 4)Butbeforeshe___dshesomehowslippedthemicrocassetteintoherpocketwithoutherkillerknowingit. 第十五单元
1.常考单词 solely content sensible persist vital logic evaluate raw ulti__te functional extension undue concrete conquer error prolong technician proof possess topulldown tomistake…for todistinguishbetween tocometotermswith toendin toreflecton tocomeabout tospeculateon
2.常考句子 1)Electronicbrainscanredu__theprofusionofdeadendsinvolvedinvitalresearch. 2)Nordotheyconnecta__ntothethingshehastobeconnectedto-therealityofpaininothers. 注意本句的倒装形式并且注意“connect…to”表示“把…与…连接起来” 3)Thereasonthese__ttersareimportantinacomputerizedageisthatthere__ybeatendencytomistakedataforwisdom. 本句中注意“tendency”后面要接动词不定式作定语另外“mistake…for”表示“把…错认为…” 4)Forthedangerisnotsomuchthat__nwillbecontrolledbythecomputerasthathe__yimitateit.自学考试公共课英语二词汇表accountability n.有解释义务;负有责任acronym n.首字母缩略词activate vt.使活动,使起作用actor n.男演员addupto 总和是;[口]总起来意味着administrationn.管理,经营;行政,行政机关afflict vt.使苦恼,折磨aimfor 瞄准;以…为目标allege vt.断言,宣称amusement n.娱乐,消遣anaesthetics n.麻醉学antithesisn.对偶,修辞学对句;对立对立面apartheid n.种族隔离,种族隔离法applyoneself 减少对…之消耗量aptly ad.恰当地,贴切地;灵巧地aristocracy n.贵族统治;贵族aristocratic a.贵族的;贵族式的asfor 对于,至于assault n.攻击,袭击;军冲击,突击,强击assemblyn.__;__,与会者;装配,组装ataguess 凭猜测atease 自在的,舒适的atpresent 现在;目前atsea 在海上,在航海中;迷惑,茫然attach...to 使…与…相关,把…附加到attacker n.攻击者attitudetoward 对…的态度;意见auto__tically ad.自动地;习惯性地__ail vt./vi.有利,有助n.好处,用处award vt.授予,判给n.判定;奖,奖品Aristotle 亚里士多德ban vt.禁止,取缔n.禁止;禁令barrier n.障碍;障碍物bebeneficialto 对…有益be__ntralto 对…极为重要的becontraryto 与…相反beconfrontedwith 面临,面对befreefrom 没有…的;不受…的beincapableof 不会…,不能…beirrelevantto 与…不相干;不切题belonging n.[常pl.]所有物;行李beloved a.为…所爱的;亲爱的n.心爱的人,爱人besubversiveof 破坏…的beunawareof 不知道…,没觉察到…biomedical a.生物医学的blindness n.无视,视而不见;盲目性boring a.令人厌烦的breakinto 分成部分breakup 打碎;结束;驱散;散开;分解bringout 使显现,显示;生产,使产生busing n.公共汽车接送Birmingham 伯明翰英格兰中部城市cadre n.干部;基础结构capture vt.捕获;夺得占领n.捕获捕获物cargo n.船货,货物carryon 经营,进行;继续__ase vt./vi./n.停止,结束__ll n.细胞;小__,单人牢房charactern.性格,品质;特性;人物;符号chess n.国际象棋chip n.片屑;薄片;电子集成电路片,芯片clerk n.办事员,公务员;美店员clipboard n.带弹簧夹子的书写板cobbler n.补鞋匠coin n.硬币,钱币vt.创造新词coincide vi.一致,相符withcoincidewith 相符,一致collectively ad.总体地;__地comeabout 发生comeintopower __;开始掌权cometotermswith达成协议;妥协,习惯于coming a.正在到来的即将来到的n.来到到达compel vt.强迫tocompensatory a.赔偿的,补偿的competition n.竞争;比赛compe_____ n.竞争者;对手commenton 对…评论commit_______ 自杀compassion n.同情;怜悯forcompulsion n.强制,强迫computerize vt.电子计算机化,用计算机计算concrete a.具体的;混凝土的n.混凝土vt.使凝固confront vt.面对,遭遇;正视,对抗congres__an n.[复]congres__en美国会议员contemplate vt.注视,凝视;沉思 a.满足的,满意的vt.使满意n.满足,满意contented a.满足的,满意的contest n.竞争,比赛;争夺,竞争;争论,争辩conquer vt.征服,战胜vi.得胜,胜利convin__ vt.使确认,使信服;使认识错误convin____.todosth. 说服某人做某事coronary a.冠的;冠状的n.冠状动脉correction n.改正,纠正;责备,惩罚correlation n.相互关系,关联county n.英国郡;县creativity n.创造性curtail vt.截短,缩短;削减cutdownon赶上;振作;遵守;继续,保持cutoff 切去,割掉;切断,使孤立Cincinnati辛辛那提美国俄亥俄州西南部城市__sarFrank 弗兰克法国比利时作曲家ConradHilton 希尔顿美国旅馆业巨头daydream vi./n.白日做梦deficiency n.缺乏,不足definitive a.决定的,确定的;限定的明确的delightful a.令人高兴的;讨人喜欢的de__ndfor 对…的要求denysth.to__. 否认…的…deprive vt.夺去,剥夺;使失去ofdetail n.细节,详情vt.详述,详细说明developmental a.发展的__的;促使成长的devi__ n.装置,器械;方法,手段devotion n.献身,忠诚diabetes n.糖尿病differ vi.不同,相异from;与…意见不同digression n.离题;偏离diplo__ n.执照特许证;毕业__,学位证书disagreeabout 对…意见不一disapproval n.不赞成;不许可discredit vt.使不可置信n.丧失信义;不信,怀疑disordern.混乱;失调紊乱vt.使混乱;使失调distinguishbetween 分辨,区分diversity n.多样性division n.分开,分割;除法;部门科,处divisive a.造成不和的,制造__的doexperimenton 用…做实验dominan__ n.优势,控制,统治dominant a.占优势的;支配的donation n.捐献;赠送doonesbest 尽全力;尽量doresearchinto 进行…的研究dose n.一次剂量dowith 处理;忍受dowithout 没有…也行;将就,设法dozen n.一打,十二个;十来个,十几个drawon 用做来源,依靠;临近dreamlike a.梦一般的,梦幻的dreamer n.做梦的人;空想家dreamof 梦见;梦想drift n.漂流;趋势倾向vi./vt.使漂流;漂泊duel n./vi.决斗;双方的斗争dynamo n.[电]发电机;精力精力充沛的人economics n.经济学;经济情况,经济efficiently ad.效率高地;有能力地effortless a.不作努力的;不费力的,容易的electorate n.全体选民;选区eliminate vt.排除,消灭elude vt.巧妙地逃避,躲避enable...to 使…能够…encountervt./vi.遭遇遇到n.遭遇冲突偶然相见endin 以…告终enhan__ vt.提高;增强enjoyable a.愉快的;快乐的;有趣的enrollment n.登记,接收,招生;招收人数,equilibrium n.平衡,均衡,相称;均势;平静error n.谬误;错误eruptionn.火山喷发;战争,感情等爆发,establishment n.建立,创办;机构ethics n.伦理学;伦理观,道德标准evaluate vt.估价,评价eventual a.最后的,结局的evolve vt.使发展,推论vi.进展;进化ex__rpt n.摘录,节录vt.摘,引用ex__ssive a.过多的,过分的excitement n.__;兴奋expansion n.扩张;膨胀expectsth.of__. 对某人报有某种期望extension n.伸张,伸展,扩大;__分机extent n.广度,范围;程度eyeball n.眼球far-fetched a.牵强的;未必会的,靠不住的feelbitterat 对…怀恨flee vi./vt.fledfled逃离;逃避foolishness n.愚蠢;可笑foolproof a.连傻子都懂的;不会出毛病的formerly ad.以前,从前foster vt.鼓励,促进;养育a.收养的functional a.功能的;职务上的;实用的Floren__Nightingale 南丁格尔FrancisBacon 培根gamblevi./vt.赌博;打赌;投机n.赌博;冒险gazeat 凝视,注视getonesteethinto 死死咬住;认真对待,全神贯注于goalongwith 和…一起goinfor 参加,从事;以…为兴趣,爱好going n.进行状况a.进行中的;现行的goingsandcomings 来往;活动,发生的事goover 越过,渡过;仔细检查gotohell 见鬼去骂人用法grab vt./n.攫取;抓取vi.攫取;抓住atgrant vt.同意;准予n.同意,授予;拨款grouse n.松鸡GiuseppeVerdi 威尔弟意大利作曲家, 作歌剧30余部habitual a.习惯性的,____的;惯常的h__eanedge 应付过去heartbreaking a.使人心碎的hell n.地狱,阴间;咒骂或表示愤怒,不满hiker n.徙步旅行者hu__nistic a.人文主义的,人本主义的,hu__nity n.个性,博爱,仁慈;人类hysterical a.癔病的,歇斯底里的;患癔病的HarryEmersonFos____ 福斯迪克HarryS.Tru__n 杜鲁门美国第33任总统HenryKaiser 凯泽美国实业家Howcome... 怎么会…identity n.同一,一致;身份,本体illegal a.非法的;违规的imperativea.绝对必要的命令的强制的祈使的impoverished a.贫困的,赤贫的impress...on 使…铭记,牢记incapable a.__力的;不能的ofindication n.指示,表示;象征,迹象individualistic a.个人主义者的inevitably ad.不可避免地,必然地inevitable a.不可避免的,必然发生的inf__ourof赞成,支持;为…的利益,有利于infiltrate vt./vi.渗入,透过;浸润infinitely ad.无限地,无穷地inflict vt.使遭受损伤,苦痛等,使承受onuponinfluen__on 对…的影响infrastructure n.基础;基础结构initial a.最初的,开始的;词首的n.首字母inlargemeasure 很;大半;大部分innera.内部的里面的;思想的n.内部;里面inonesmindseye 在脑海里inpower 掌权的,执政的inreality 实际上,事实上inreturn 作为回报inseries 串联电路的;成串联的intherunning 参赛,参加竞选inthestrictsense 在严格的意义上integrate vt./vi.使结合,使并入;使成一体in____ectual n.____a.智力的,理智的invain 无效地;无结果地;徒然inventor n.发明者,创造者investment n.投资;时间,精力的投入irrelevant a.不相干的,离题的,与…不相干irresponsible a.无责任感的,不负责任的IsaacNewton 牛顿英国物理学家,数学家和天文学家jaw n.颔,颚journali__ n.新闻业;[总称]报刊;新闻学junction n.连接,结合;结合点,交叉点juvenile a.青少年的n.青少年JohannesBrahms 勃拉姆斯1833-1__7年,德国作曲家keepup 假如;只要kindergarten n.幼儿园kwashiorkor n.[医]恶性营养不良症laborer n.劳动者;工人leap v./n.leapt或leaped跳跃;飞跃learnbyrote 由熟记而学某事legislate vi.立法vt.通过立法legislation n.立法;法律,法规letgoof 放手;放开link n.环节,__vt.用环连接;__literal a.精确的,如实的;逐字的,字面的litter n.干草;杂乱无章;一窝仔畜vt.铺草location n.定位,测位;位置,场所logic n.逻辑学;逻辑性条理性;理由,道理longshore__n n.码头装卸工人loose a.松的,宽的;宽松;放荡的LaTraviata 茶花女威尔第的歌剧名__jority n.多数,大半;多数党,多数派__keover 财产转让,移交;改造,重做__ladjustment n.失调;不适应环境__nuala.手的,用手操作的;体力的n.手册__rvellous a.奇异的,惊人的;[口]了不起的,妙极的__teriali__n.[哲]唯物主义唯物论物质至上merchant n.商人merry a.欢乐的,愉快的microcassette n.微型卡式录音带midst n.中间,当中prep.=amidst在…当中miniature n.缩样,小型物a.微型的,小型的miserable a.悲惨的;怜的misleading a.引入歧途的;使人误解的mistake...for 错把…当做…monopoly n.垄断;专卖monopolize v.垄断;专卖moderation n.温和,适度;缓和,减轻modest a.谦虚的谦恭的;适中的,不过分的muse vt./vi./n.沉思,冥想namely ad.即,也就是negative a.否定的;负的阴性的n.底片;负数neverforamoment 通常;多半nominate vt.提名;任命;命名notthat... 并不是说nourishment n.滋补品,营养品NewJersey 新泽西州美国州名obscure a.昏暗的;模糊的vt.使暗,遮掩;使难理解overturnvt./n.打翻;____毁灭vi.翻身opposition n.__,反抗;对立,意见相反outofpower 丧失权力ownership n.拥有;所有权,所有制of...importan__ 有…重要性of...interest 有…兴趣of...value 有…价值outrage n.暴行;愤慨vt.对…施暴;激怒onandoff 不时;断断续续地,间歇地onoccasion 有时,间或ononeshead归罪于某人,责任落到某人身上onthecontrary 相反地painter n.漆工;画家paralyse vt.使麻痹,使瘫痪;使无力使气馁parliamentary a.议会的,国会的partly ad.部分地;在一定程度上p.a.system=publicaddresssystem有线广播系统pea__ful a.平静的安宁的;和平的和平方式的perchan__ ad.[古]偶然意外地;可能或许permissive a.容许的,许可的;随意的开放的persist vi.坚持,固执in;持续,存留persistently ad.坚持地;固执地perspective n.透视,透视画法;远景, 展望;观点,看法persuasion n.说服,劝服pervasive a.弥漫的,渗透的;遍布的pet n.宠物,爱畜a.宠爱的,表示亲昵的phrase n.短语,词语;习惯用语physiology n.生理学playinto__.shands为某人谋方便有利于某人plea n.请求,恳求;托词pleafor 恳求;请求pledge v.发誓;保证n.誓言,誓约;抵押品plus prep.加,加上a.正的;附加的poet n.诗人polio n.[医]脊髓灰质炎,小儿麻痹症possess vt.具有,拥有postgraduate a.大学毕业后的,大学研究院的n.研究生prescribe vt.指示,规定;开处方,开药prevail vi.胜过;流行,盛行pri__rily ad.首先,起初;首要地,主要地profound a.深刻的,浑奥的profusion n.丰富,大量;过分progressive a.进步的先进的;渐次的累进的prolong vt.延长;拉长promotion n.促进;提升proof n.证据,证明;校样prosecutor n.起诉人;检察官,公诉人psychology n.心理学;心理pulldown 拆除;__putanendto 结束或废除某事务putaside 放在一边,撇开储存putoff 延期;消除queue n.辫子;列队vi.排队forrabbit n.兔raw a.未煮过的,生的;未__的recorder n.记录者;录音机refine vt./vi.提纯,精制;使改进,变优雅refinement n.精炼,精制reflection n.反射,反映,映像;深思,考虑reflecton 仔细考虑,反思regeneration n.新生,再生,复兴regrow vt.再生长,重新生长reinfor__ vt.增援,支援;加强,增加rejection n.拒绝,__;驳回relief n.痛苦,__等减轻,宽慰;救济re__rk vt./vi.说,评论,议论n.评论,看法repla__ vt.把…放回原处;更换,以…替代repla__ment n.复位,复职;替换,代替repressive a.__的;抑制的reprodu__vt.繁殖;再生产;__;再现重现resonan__ n.回声,反响;共振,共鸣respectfor 对…的尊敬respectively ad.各自地,分别地response n.作答,回答;响应,反应restriction n.限制;约束rightly ad.公正地,正当地;合适地,恰当地ritualize vt./vi.行为模式仪式化rivalry n.竞争;对抗rob__.ofsth. 抢某人之财物rote n.死记硬背;机械的方法route n.路线;航线running n.跑,赛跑;竞选sacrifi__to 向…献祭;为而牺牲;为…而失去safeguard vt.保护,捍卫n.保护措施scar__ a.缺乏的,不足的;稀有的,珍贵的schoolhouse n.小学或乡村学校校舍secondary a.第二位的,次要的;中等的seizeholdof 抓住;占有sensible a.感觉得到的;明智的,明白事理的sensitivity n.敏感性;灵敏度separation n.分开,分类;分隔serene a.安详的;宁静的series n.一系列连续;丛书,套;[电]串联shocking n.令人震惊的,骇人听闻的shyawayfrom 躲开,回避;赞成simulate vt.假装,冒充;模仿,模拟singer n.歌唱家,歌手sitdownon __slack a.懒散的;行动迟缓的vi.松懈n.淡季sleepy a.困倦的,嗜睡的__other vt./vi.使窒息;抑制;闷死n.浓烟;窒息sociology n.社会学sofaras...knows 就某人所知solely ad.单独地;唯一地solicit vt.请求;恳求solongas 具有优势specialist n.专家speculateon 思索;推测,猜测sport__an n.爱好运动的人;运动员spur vt.激励鞭策n.踢马刺;__激励,鼓舞starvation n.饥饿;饿死starve vi.饿死;挨饿;极需,渴望vt.使挨饿statistically ad.在统计方面steadily ad.稳固地;稳定地sterile a.不育的,贫瘠的;无菌的,消过毒的sterility n.不生育不结果,贫瘠;消毒,无菌stopwatch n.赛跑用的跑表vt.用秒表测定时间stricken a.被打中的被击伤的;受灾的受侵袭stu___d a.深思熟虑的;故意的,蓄意的substitute...for 用…代替…subtlea.精巧的,精妙的;微妙的难以捉摸的subtly ad.精巧地精妙地;微妙地难以捉摸地subversive a.__性的;起破坏作用的_______ vt./vi./n.自杀suitable a.合适的;适当的surprisingly ad.惊人地;出乎意料地surrounding n.周围的事物;环境a.周围的suspect vt./vi.疑有;推测n.嫌疑犯可疑分子sustain vt.支撑,承受住;供养,维持symptom n.症状,征兆Seine 塞纳河法国北部河流,流经巴黎take...easy 轻松一点;勿太紧张take...forgranted 认为真实;视为当然takeafreeride 免费搭车technician n.技术员;技术专家technologist n.工艺学家;技术学家temporarily ad.暂时地,临时地teston 对…进行试验texture n.__,质地;织品,织物thalidomide n.[药]萨立多胺theoretical a.理论上的thinker n.思想家;思考者threatening a.威胁性的,凶兆的tier n.排层;等级tighten vt./vi.使变紧;拧紧tobreakinon 打扰;打断,闯进toex__ss 过分,过度,过量togotolawagainst [俗]控告某人tono__ail 完全无用,毫无效果toss vt.抛,掷;使动荡vi.摇摆,颠簸tossacoin掷硬币;与某人掷硬币以作决定touching a.动人的,使人感伤的toxicity n.毒性tra__ n.痕迹,踪迹;微量,少许vt.跟踪查找transfer vt./vi.转移;改变n.转移传输,变换truthfully ad.说真话的,如实地tube n.管;电子管,真空管;[英]地铁tunen.曲调;和谐协调vt.调音;使合谐调节turnloose 放开,释放;听凭,放纵Toyota 日丰田汽车公司ThorneMiddleSchool 桑恩中学ulti__te a.最后的,最终的unchanging a.不变的unconventional a.非常规的,不落俗套的unethical a.不合伦理的;不合道德的unexamined a.未检查的;未审查的undergo vt.经历,经受;忍受undergraduate n.尚未取得学位的大学生a.大学生的undertake vt.着手做,进行;承担,从事答应undisturbed a.不受干扰的;宁静的undue a.过度的,过分的unhappy n.不快乐的,愁苦的;不幸的uniqueness n.独一无二;独特universal a.宇宙的,全世界的;普遍的通用的unreasonable a.不讲道理的;不合情理的过度uphe__al n.胀起,地壳的隆起;剧变,__vaccine n.牛痘苗;疫苗a.牛痘的;疫苗的vain a.徒劳的varied a.各种各样的;杂色的,斑斓的vengean__ n.报仇,报复veteran n.老兵老手;退伍军人a.经验丰富的vital a.生命的;有生命力的;极其重要的vividly ad.鲜明地;生动地voluntary a.自愿的,志愿的;自发的volunteer n.志愿者;志愿兵a.志愿的vi.志愿wa___re n.战争,作战,交战;斗争,竞争waylay vt.伏击;拦住…问讯well-being n.健康;福利,幸福white-collar a.白领阶层的,从事脑力劳动的withavengean__ 猛烈地;过度地withaviewtowards 以…为目的work__n n.工人,劳动者wrath n.愤怒,愤慨yearinandyearout 一年一年地,年复一年。