还剩7页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
佳绩教育教案学员姓名科目英语年级时间2015年01月03日2课时授课教师杨金花总课时已上课时教学标题中考复习之介词考点、教学重点常考介词的意义,用法以及区别教学过程一概念介词是一种用来表示词与词词与句之间的关系的词在句中不能单独作句子成分顾名思义,介词一般是介于不及物动词和宾语之间的虚词(vi+介词+宾语)介词后面一般有名词,代词或相当于名词的其他词类(如动名词,常考),短语或从句作它的宾语介词与它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语,定语或介词宾语常考介词的常见用法意义1for+sb表动作的对象A“给”;Ihaveasurprise/giftforyou.B对某人而言/来说It’simportantforustotakegoodcareofourparentswhentheygetold.+sb/sthA表目的,“为了某人,为了(获取某物)”MystudentsmakeacardformeonTeachers’Day.lookfor:为了...而四处看,也就是“寻找”某物(侧重“找”这个动作与“find找到”侧重结果相对)searchfor为了(获取某物)...而搜寻=“搜寻”+某物已经丢失/或者藏匿起来了Heislookingforajobnow.Thepolicehavesearchedforthelostgirlformanydays.pay...for...为了获取某物而付...费Ipay70yuanforthisskirt.Ask(sb)for(sth).向某人索取/要/寻求某事物It’sverynecessaryforustoaskforhelpwheninneed.当有需要时,学会请求帮助对我们来说很重要练习Somestudentsstudy______theirparents.Theywanttomaketheirparentshappy.Theyhavesearched_____thelostplaneforalongtimebuttheycouldn’t______it.Theypaidanamountofmoney____thisbighouse.Thestudentcametohisteacher,asking______someadvice.B表原因,“是因为”,连接短语或者句子,连句子时前面一般有逗号隔开(原因强烈度assinceforbecause)befamousfor因为...而闻名Zhanjiangisfamousforitsseafood.【注意】befamousas作为...而闻名,as后多跟身份,头衔,职业等Zhanjiangisfamousasabeautifulcoastal海滨的city.Wecanceledthepicnicforthebadweather.Ididn’tarriveatthebusstationforIgotuplatethismorning.练习She’ssotired____shehasworkedforawholedaywithoutrest.blamesbforsth..因某事.而指责、责怪某人Myparentsoftenblamemeformycarelessness.+“一段时间”“持续了...多久”,多用于完成时,回答howlong多长时间的提问They’vepracticedsingingformanyyears.他们练习歌唱已经好多年了Howlonghasthemoviebeenon电影开始多久了?Themoviehasbeenonforhalfanhour.电影已经开始了半个小时练习Theclasslasts_______45minutes.HowlonghavethelocalpeoplehavelivedhereThey’velivedhere_________alongtime.【注意】since自从...也多用于完成时,但后面常跟时间点如(同义句)Wehaven’tseeneachotherforseveralyears(时间段).我们已经有好几年没见过彼此了Ithasbeenseveralyearssincewesaweachotherlasttime.自从我们上次见过之后,已经过了好几年了【注意】during+一段时间,“在...期间”,多用于一般时或进行时Thecoupleenjoythemselvesverymuchduringtheirwholehoneymoon练习Youarelisteningtothemusic________theday.2to+sb“把某物给某人”givesthtosb.;writetosb.Myfriendgiveabighugtomewhenwearetogetheragainandshowsmetothecityshelivesin.Wehavewrittentoeachotherfor2yearsaftergraduation.“向,对着”showsthtosb.:向某人展示某物;talk/speaktosb:对(着)某人说话bekind/goodto:对某人友好beusedto:对...习以为常usedadj.习惯的lookforwardto:对...翘首以盼,也就是“期盼,期待”payattentionto:对...集中精力listento:对...竖起耳朵=倾听Sometimestalkingtotheoldisgoodforus.Weshouldbekindtotheoldandtheyoung.我们应该尊老爱幼It’sstupidofhimtoshowhisfortune财富___us.I’mlookingforward___seeingyouagain.Payattention_____yourteacherandyouwon’tmisswhathesays.+地点名词/方向/目的地“去(到)/通向某目的地,朝着某方向,达到某目的(比喻义)”aimto旨在(达到什么目的)Heaimstopasstheexam.gotobed、gotothehospitalThewaytothemuseum/theEast/thebuildingThebestwaytolearnEnglishistopracticemore.练习Excusemewearelost.Couldyoutellmetheway____theCunjinPark“属于”,表所有/所属关系“...的”belongto属于Thistoybelongstome.thekeytothedoor门的钥匙thekeytothisproblem这个问题的关键3by1+v-ing/+sth“通过凭借....工具/方式/手段”,表示方法,途径,手段,在句中作方式状语短语bymeansof通过/凭借...(方式,方法)(means是名词单数,表示“方法,途径”)Hekeepsfitbydoingexercisesregularly.MysisterimprovesheroralEnglishbyspeakingEnglishwithforeigners.Wecankeephealthybymeansofkeepingadiet.练习Hesolvedtheproblem________askingforhelpfromothers.2+交通工具“乘坐”bybus/train/planeSheoftengoestoschoolbybike.SometravelersgotoHainan______shipothersarrivethere______plane.【注意】交通工具的名词前若有物主代词(his/her)或者指示代词the时,介词不用by用on不密封的交通工具,如bike或者in密封的交通工具,如carplanebusHegoeshomebybike.=Hegoeshomeonhisbike.Shegoestoanothercitybycar.=Shegoestoanothercityinher/thecar.“被”,表被动语态,引出动作的执行者,是被动语态的标志词Thepresentisgivenbymydearfriend.练习Iwasbitten________adogwhenIwasalittlegirl.短语onebyone:(一个被一个取代)“轮流,一个个”Stepbystep(一个步骤被另一个步骤取代)“逐步,一步步”Beinqueueplease.Takeyourdinneronebyone.Don’tbeinahurry.You’dbettermakethecakestepbystep.练习Thetreeisplanted______thestudents.Weareondutyone_oneattheschool.Nomatterhowdifficultitmaybewecanworkitoutstep_step.+时间名词“截止,到...为止不迟于”=beforeuntil常见于“bythetime...”结构,多用于完成时Youshouldhandinyourhomeworkby/before/untiltheendofthisweek.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomeworkbythetimeIwenthome.练习________theendofthedaywe’vesold200tickets.Therainwassoheavyand______thetimewearrivedathomewewereallwet.+地点名词“在...旁边”=beside/near引申+sb在...身边(不离不弃,支持ThevillagersontheTechengIslandlivebythesea.特呈岛上的村民在海边生活WhateverhappensIwillstandbyyou.=standbyyourside.无论发生什么事,我都会站在你这边(支持你)bytheway在路旁,引申为不太重要的东西,所以是“顺便说一句顺便提一下(不太重要的东西)”的意思,多用为插入语BythewaywhattimeisitnowIenjoyedmyselfinthisparty.______thewaywhenwillwehavethiskindofpartynexttime4with表伴随,“和...一起”(twoormorepeopleorthingsaretogetherinthesameplace)Mixthemilkwithredtea.Youhadbetterbringsomemoneywithyouwhenyougoout.Kidsareoftentoldtosharetheirtoyswithotherkids.sharesthwithsb和某人分享某物常考与and的句型转换Heoftenplaysbasketballwithhisfriends.=HeandhisfriendsoftenplaybasketballtogetherAdosthwithB=AandBdosth(together)havingpossessingcarryingorwearingsth.“拥有/有了;携带/带着/穿戴着”Agirlwithbigeyes=agirlhavingbigeyes有OnlypeoplewithaplentyofmoneypossessingaplentyofmoneycanaffordtobuymanyLVs.Hecameinwithabookinherhand.=Shecameincarryingabookinherhand.(携带,带着)Theyoungmotherwithglasses=wearingglasseslookedatherbabywithasmile.wearingasmileWithyourhelpIcandoitwell.=HavingyourhelpIcadoitwell.“有了”,可以与if引导的条件状语从句转换,如IfIhaveyourhelpIcandoitwell.反义词,without“没有,缺少”,多用于双重否定句中,可以与unless(if...not)引导的条件状语从句转换,如Withoutyourhelpwecan’tdoitwell.=Ifwedon’thaveyourhelpwecan’tdoitwell./Unlesswehaveyourhelpwecan’tdoitwell.with和without的此用法是中考的常考点,必须透彻理解掌握练习Wecan’tlive__________air.Thefishcan’tlive________water.I’vemadeagreatprogress_____yourinstruction.Shewasn’tlateforschool____thereminding提醒ofthealarmingclock.3)including包含,包括,附带Abighousewithagardenandswimmingpool练习Wehaveadinner_______freedrinkstogether.usingsthorbymeansofsth“使用,用”+工具名词ChoptheonionswithasharpknifeChinesehavemealswithchopstickswhileforeignershavetheirmealswithaforkandaknife练习Hewrites________apenandaglassofink.“在...方面/领域”bebusywithsth忙于做某事Wearebusywithourexamnow.helpsbwithsth在...方面帮助某人Myfriendhelpsmewithmymaths.do/dealwithsth处理/应付某方面的事It’sdifficultformetodealwithmathsquestions.havenothingtodowithsth.与...方面无关It’snothingtodowithyourbusiness.跟你没关系练习He’shard-workingandhelpful.Andhealwaysbusy________hisstudyandhewouldliketohelphisclassmates______theirhomework.Asasocialpersonheisgoodatdealing______withdifferentpeople.ItseemsthatEnglishhasnothingtodo_____maths.“对某人有什么情感态度”Beangry/strictwith对某人生气/要求严格LangLang’sparentsareverystrictwithhim.Wheneverhecan’tplaythepianowelltheyareangrywithhim.练习It’sneedlesstobesostrict______him.He’sjustakid.Theparentsareveryangry_______thebabyandtheyshoutathim.5of表示所属/所有关系“属于...的;...的一部分”Afriendofmine;theroofofthehouse;atthebackoftheclassroom;atthebeginning/endofthismonth;someofthestudents;be+adj.情绪情感+of+sb/sth“对某人某事感到...”beproudof对...感到自豪:Manyparentsareproudoftheirchildrenbetiredof:对...感到厌倦Suddenlyheistiredoftheseendlessexams.3)表修饰限定“...的”Theartofteaching教学的艺术Theproblemofpollution污染问题数词+容器词+of修饰限定不可数名词:Ihavetwopiecesofnews:oneisapieceofgoodnewstheotherisapieceofbadnews.Whichwouldyouliketolistenfirst表示原因“因为”dieof死于Inthepastmanypeoplediedofdiseases.becauseof因为Becauseofthebadnewsheisveryupset.6in在...(时间,空间,状态,处境,心境等)里面/之内/之中+“地点/场所名词”,“在...空间之内”=insideinthestreet在街上inthesun(沐浴在阳光里面=)在阳光下Intheway比喻在路中间=挡路inthemiddleof在...中间Infrontof在...前面Thereisatreeintheclassroom.Inthefrontof在...里面的前面Thereisablackboardinfrontoftheclassroom.练习Myteacherasksmetosit___________theclassroom,forI’mshort.Thereareariver_________thepark.+“一段时间”时间介词,在...(时间范围)之内,不超过某段时间,回答howsoon多快,多久之后的提问,一般用于将来时=withinInaminute/innotime在一分钟之内=立刻,马上intime(处于合适的时间之内=)及时Howsoonwillyougoback你还要多久才回来?------I’llgobackin4days.我将会在四天之内回来练习Howsoonwilltheytakepartintheirgraduationexam----_________twomonths.+语言,工具,材料,表“(使)用”What’sthisinEnglishHetalkedinalowvoice.“在...方面、领域”dowellintakepartinbelieveinbeinterestedin5处于...(某种处境,心境情绪状态)当中、之中Inpublic在公开场合,处于大庭广众当中,公开地Inahurry匆忙地indanger处于险境之中introuble处于困境中inneed处于需要(帮忙)的状态,在危难中inblue处于忧郁之中blue有“忧郁”的意思insurprise/shock处于惊喜/震惊之中instyle/fashion处于时尚之中=时尚地intears泪流满面insilence鸦雀无声fallinlovewithsb.和某人坠入爱河inconfusion处于困惑当中inthedistance远处incommon有共同点,共同之处inbed卧病在床infact处于事实之中=事实上inbetween处于中间的状态,夹在中间=左右为难例句Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情Heistooshytospeakinpublic.Whenthechildisindangerthepolicemencomeintime.Movedbythemoviemyfriendwasintears.【注意】当in表示处于某种处境,心境当中时,它的反义词是outof表示离开,摆脱,失去,某种处境等,如outofjob处于失业状态outofsight离开视线,消失不见outofbreath气喘吁吁,上气不接下气outofquestion毫无疑问7about+sb/sth“涉及,关于”“MayItalktoyouaboutyourexam”saidtheteacher.+数量词“大约,大概,左右”,表概数Thereareabout40girlstalkingaboutthenews.大概有四十个女孩在讨论(关于)这个新闻(的事)练习Menliketalking_________footballandpolitics.Thesedaysmanypeoplearediscussing________WangSicong.YaoMingissotallthatheis_______2meterstall.8from“来自”+地名、人名Befrom=comefrom+地名来自哪里WhereareyoufromHearfromsb.听到某人的消息=收到某人的来信Ireceivedawonderfulgiftfrommyfriends.“从....时间,地点开始,始于”from...to...从...到...fromnowon从现在开始fromthenon从那以后fromtimetotime时不时fromhometoschool从家到学校fromheretothere例句Ittakesme10minutes’walkfromhometocompany.“远离”Farawayfrom+sp.离某地很远Stop/preventsbfromdoingsth阻止/防止某人做某事=使某人远离那件事Thevillageisfarawayfrommyhouse.SoIneedtodrivethere..Thegovernmentisstoppinghuntersfromhuntingillegally.练习InChinateenagersareusuallyprevented_______smoking.Hemissedhisfamilysomuchforhestudiedfaraway____hishome.bedifferentfrom与...不同【反】thesameas和...相同,一样(as...as和...一样...as:如同Mybookistotallydifferentfromyours.9since“自从”多引导时间状语从句,主句用完成时Ihaven’tplayedbasketballsinceIleftuniversity.“既然”Sinceyouaresickwe’dbetternotgoout.until必考“not...until..”用在否定句中,意为“直到...才...”其前的谓语动词多为瞬间动词Ididn’tgo(瞬v)tobeduntilmymothercamehome.直到我妈妈回家,我才睡觉用在肯定句中,意为“直到...为止”,其前的谓语动词需要用延续性动词Iwaited(延v)formymotheruntilshecamehome.我等我妈直到她回家为止练习Hedidn’tstopplayinghisphone_______histeachercamein.Heissohard-workingthathehasstudied________hisparentscomeback.常考介词的区别
1.介词atinon【注意】at+sb时表示“对着,向,朝着某人”,但一般是不太友善的“针对”Beangryatsb对某人生气Shoutatsb冲某人大吼Pointatsb.指着某人Lookatsb看着某人amongvsbetweenthroughvsacrossonvsabove/over详见复印的表格作业复印介词的中考题教师课后建议及学法指导要先理解,常考介词的常见意义以及用法;再在练习中巩固识记课后评价
1.学生掌握程度精通○掌握○理解○不太理解○
2.学生课堂表现很积极○积极○一般○不太积极○。