影响中学英语阅读教学的主要因素及对策英语本科

河北师范大学高等教育自学考试本科毕业论文题目影响中学英语阅读教学的主要因素及对策专　业英语考生姓名考生所在单位准考证号导师姓名____完成日期年月日TheMainFactorsAffectingEnglishReadingTeachingAndMeasuresBYSHENSUJUANProf.CHENZHAOtutorSubmittedtotheB.A.committeeinpartialFulfillmentoftherequirementsforthedegreeofbachelorofArtsintheEnglishDepartmentofHebeiNor__lUniversityAugust2，2013摘要教会学生怎样阅读和提高学生的阅读能力是我们英语教学中最重要的任务之一但目前的情况并不能如我们所愿影响阅读教学主要有三个方面的因素学生自身因素，学校因素和教师因素为了把阅读教学搞好，我们需要一个正确的理论指导和艰苦努力的工作本文主要谈论几种流行的的阅读教学理论，并且阐述了我在阅读教学实践中的几个观点和我所采取的提高学生阅读能力的几个措施关键词阅读教学影响因素教学理论措施AbstractTeachingstudentshowtoreadandimprovingstudents’readingabilityareofthemostimportanttasksinourEnglishteaching.Butthepresentsituationisfarfromsatisfactory.The__infactorsinfluencingreadingteachingare:thefactorofstudentsthefactorofschoolandthefactorofteachers.Todothejobwellweneedarighttheoryandhardwork.Thearticletalksaboutsome__inpopulartheoriesandbesidesIshowmyopinionaccordingtomyactualteachingexperien__.AndIalsotakesomespecificmeasuresinmyteaching.Keywords:readingteachinginfluencingfactors，teachingtheories，measuresContentsIntroduction………………………………………………………………………1ChapterIThe__inFactorsAffectingReadingTeaching………………

21.Thefactorofschool………………………………………………………

22.Thefactorofteachers……………………………………………………

23.Thefactorofstudents……………………………………………………4ChapterIISomeRulesweShouldFollowinourTeaching……………

61.Readingisanimportantabilityofthefourbasicabilities----listeningspeakingreadingandwriting…………

62.Goodreadingneedsfourconditions……………………………………

63.Readingisanactivecourse……………………………………………6ChapterIIISomeMeasurestoImproveStudents’ReadingComprehensionAbility…………………………………………………………

81.__kestudentsinterestedinreading…………………………………

82.Choosesuitablereading__terials……………………………………

83.Connectreadingteachingwithoureverydayteaching……………

84.Tryoutdifferentmethodstoimprovereadingability……………

85.Somereadingwaysshouldbeintrodu__dtoourstudents…………

96.Enlargestudents’culturalknowledge………………………………9Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………11Notes…………………………………………………………………………………12Bibliography………………………………………………………………………13IntroductionPeopleincludingteachersandstudentsbegintorealizethatreadingcomprehensionisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinmiddleschoolteaching.Firstmiddleschoolperiodisthebesttimeforstudentstolearnaforeignlanguage.Asweknowthisperiodlastsaslongassixyears.The__inknowledgeofEnglishcanbelearnedduringthoseyears.Andwecanalsounderstandaforeignculture.AndthemostimportantisthatEnglishisawindowtothewideworldforourstudents.Goodhabitsofreadingareveryhelpfulfortheirfuturelife.Asweknowinthemodernsocietylearningisataskthatapersonmustdothroughhislife.Largeamountofinfor__tionandalotofneededknowledgeandtechniquesaregotbyreading.Sowemustpaymuchattentiontoourreadingteaching.ButwhatistheactualsituationlikeWeh__etoadmitthatthesituationisfarfromsatisfactoryandwedidalotofuselesswork.Muchtimehasbeenwastedbutlittleachievementhasbeen__de.Ourstudentsdon’tlikereadingEnglishatallsotheygetlow__rksintheexamination.WhyWedoworkhardthenwhatisthe__tterIthinkthe__inreasonisthatsomeofourmethodsarenotrightorevenweh__enomethodatall.Ourteachingshouldbeguidedbya__rtaintheory.ThenwhatisitThisarticleaimsat____yzingsomecommonviewsinourteachingandtryingtofindsomegoodwaystoimprovethestudents’readingability.ChapterIThe__inFactorsAffectingReadingTeaching

1.ThefactorofschoolInsomeschoolstherearenoreadinglessonsatall.Readingisconsideredtobeanindependentactivityapartfromtheotherthreeabilities-listeningspeakingandwriting.Insomeseniormiddleschoolsespeciallyinthecountrysidethehardwaresaretoopoortherearenotreadingroomsandtheycan’tgivestudentsanyreadingbooksbutothersaredifferent.Toimprovestudents’listeningthereare__nymeasuressuchasEnglishcornerallkindsoforalclassesandsoon;toimprovetheirwritingthereareopenwritinglessons.Fromthiswecanseetheschoolsdon’tattachimportan__tothereadinglessons.Whydomuchworkaboutthem？Butdolittleworkaboutreading.Theconditionsofschoolareveryimportanttothereadingteaching.“Readingisalsoabasicin____igen__technicalability.Itis__deupofaseriesofbeh__iorsandpro__sses.”

①Sotheschoolshouldchangethemindandpaymoreattentiontothereadinglessons.

2.ThefactorofteachersInourteachingtheteachersareasguiders.Theyguidestudentshowtostudyevenhowtobemen.Theyaresoimportantsoasteacherswemusth__erightmind.Butinfactsometeachers’minddoesn’tsuittheteaching.Especiallyinourreadingteaching:

1.TheshortcomingsofleastteachabletheorySometeachersh__eawrongopinioninreading.Accordingtoleastteachabletheorytheythinkreadingistheleastteachablefactorofthefourbasicabilities.Butinfactthefourbasicabilities:listeningreadingspeakingandwritingaresupplyingeachotherandtheyinfluen__eachother.Tolearnalanguageonemustdoalotofreading.Justthinkthisquestion:Chineseisourmothertongue.Everyonearounduscanspeakitfluentlybutwhatabouthisreading__nypeopleevendon’th__ethehabitofreading.Sotheycanonlyspeakbuttheirwritingisnotverygood.Ithinkteachersshouldbeblamedforthissituation.Teachersshouldhelpstudentsformthegoodhabitofreadingbecauseinthefuturesocietyourstudentsh__etolearnmuchmoreknowledgeafterle__ingschoolandreadingisa__inwaytogetinfor__tion.Nowthatreadingisakindofabilityitcanbetaughtina__rtainwayanditmustbetaughtwell.Thechangeofourmindisveryimportant.

2.TheshortcomingsofencodinganddecodingtheorySometeachersordertheirstudentstorememberwordsandphrasesas__nyaspossiblebecausetheyholdtheviewthatifastudentcan__stermorewordshewillfeelreadingisveryeasy.Intheiropinionreadingisactuallyacourseofunderstandingeachwordandsenten__onebyone.ThefamouslinguistChristineNuttallon__heldthisview.“Whenawriterwantstowriteanarticleheencodeshisinfor__tionandfinishesit.Whenareaderreadsanarticleheactuallydecodesthewriter’sinfor__tion.Sowritingisapro__ssofencodingandreadingisapro__ssofdecoding.”

②__nyteachersareusingthistheorytoguidetheirreadingteaching.Theyoftensaytotheirstudents“Keeprememberingmorewords.Themorewordsyoucan__stertheeasierreadingcomprehensionis.Andyoucangetgood__rksintheexams.”

③Butinfact__nystudentsexpresstheirdifficultyinreading.Ofcourseitisveryimportantforourstudentsto__steralotofwordsandphrases.ButitisimpossibleforthemtorememberallwordsinEnglishandintheexaminationsitis__rtainthattheywillmeetsomenewwordsthattheyh__eneverseenbefore.Soknowingeverywordisnotenoughforourreadingteaching.Becauseunderstandinganarticlemeansnotonlyunderstandingwordsbutalsograspingitsgeneralidea.Inthereadingpro__sstherearesomeotherfactorsaffectingourunderstanding.Accordingtomyactualreadingteachingexperien__ifyouwantyourstudents’readingabilitiestobeimprovedyoushouldaskyourstudentstodolikefollowing:1Helpstudents__keagoodreadinghabit.2Beforereadingprovidesomebackgroundknowledgeculturalknowledgeorsomethingrelatedtoreading__terialsforstudents.

（3）____ysessenten__structurecorrectlyandknowthespecialmeaningaccordingtoitstextualenviro__ent.4Readingisnotapassivepro__ssbutapositiveone.Sothereader’sknowledgestructureisveryimportant.5Widereading.Fromtheaboveexplanationsweknowthat__nyfactors__yaffectourreadingcomprehension.Buttheteachersareinfluen__dbythetheoriestheydon’tpayenoughattentiontothem.Sothechangeofourmindisne__ssary.

3.ThefactorofstudentsInourteachingthestudentsareasimportantasteachers.Theteachersareguidesandthestudentsareo__ectsofteaching.Thetwopartsaren’taparttheyinfluen__eachother.Sointheteachingthestudents’functionshouldn’tbeignored.Butsomestudentsdon’tunderstandourteachingandtheyh__ewrongmindinstudying.ForexamplesomestudentsthinkthatlisteningisimportantsotheylistentoEnglishtapesEnglishsongsevenwatchEnglishmoviesinorafterclasstoimprovetheirlistening.Somestudentsthinktheydon’tdowellinspeakingtheytakepartinEnglishcorner.Andsomestudentsthinktheymustimprovetheirwritingtheytrytowritearticleseverydayeven__keaforeignpenpal.Theydosomuchaboutthembutfewstudentspaymoreattentiontoreading.Theydon’tthinkanywaystoimprovetheirreadingbecausetheythinkit’seasytoreadonlyneedto__stermorewordsandphrases.ButthefactisthatNowehearsomestudentscomplain“Weknowmostofthewordsinthearticlebutwhatdoesthewriterwantsto____usonearth”Whydotheyh__esuchproblemsKnowingmorewordsandphrasesisimportantbutit’snotenoughatall.Thestudentsdon’tknowreadingskillshouldbegotbyeverydaypracticing.AccordingtoInteractiontheoryatheorypopularinre__ntyearsweknowstudentsshouldpaymuchattentionnotonlytothebasicabilitiesofreadingforexampleunderstandingthemeaningofwordsphrasesandsenten__sandknowinghowto____yzesenten__structures.Butalsotosomereadingtechniquessuchasskimmingscanningandpredictingandsomebackgroundknowledge.Toimprovetheirreadingthefollowingconditionsareneeded:

1.Wideknowledge.

2.Someknowledgeaboutarticlestructure.

3.Someknowledgeaboutforeignculture.Readingisalanguagere__ptiveskill.Themorestudentscanreadthemoreinfor__tiontheywillgetandinthefuturesocietyourstudentsh__etolearnmuchmoreknowledgeafterle__ingschoolandreadingisa__inwaytogetinfor__tion.Sostudentsshouldalsochangetheirmindandpaymoreattentiontoreading.ChapterIISomeRulesweShouldFollowinourTeachingFromtheaboveweknowthatweh__etochangeourmindandsomemethodsinourpastteaching.Weh__etofollowthefollowingrulestoguideourteaching.

1.Readingisanimportantabilityofthefourbasicabilities----listeningspeakingreadingandwritingReadingabilityplaysanimportantroleintheEnglishteaching.Soit’sveryimportanttodevelopstudents’readingability.The__inpurposeofreadingteachingisto____themtherightmethodsofreading、skillsofreadinganddevelopstudents’readingability.Onlyinthiswaycanwe__keourstudentslearnanduseEnglishbetterinthefuture.Soweteachersshouldpaymoreattentiontodevelopingstudents’readingability.Readingisagreatwaytoenlargevocabulary、language__terialsandtheknowledgeoflanguage.AlsotheimprovementofreadingabilityisthebaseofimprovingEnglishlistening、speakingandwriting.Besidesstudentscanrealizetherealsignifican__oflearningEnglishandexperien__thefunlearningEnglish.FinallyagoodreadingabilitycanhelpourstudentsbelievethattheyaresuretolearnEnglishwellinthefuture.

2.Goodreadingneedsfourconditions1．Largevocabulary.2．Goodgram__rknowledgefor____yzingsenten__structure.

3.Someeffectivereadingtechniques.4．Wideknowledge.Inthefourconditionsknowingwordsandknowinghowtounderstandsenten__structuresareessentialtoourreadingcomprehension.Sotheyareimportant.Adamson__saidthatthemostpredictorinreadingistoknowwordscorrectlyandquickly.Butknowingeveryworddoesn’tmeanunderstandingatextcompletely.“Effectivereadingdoesn’tdependonrecognizingeveryelementofasenten__.”

④Thelatertwoconditionsareveryusefultooureffectivereading.Buttheyneedtrainingandpracti__.

3.ReadingisanactivecourseSuc__ssfulreadingisacreativecourse.Clark.Silberstei.WikdewsonInthepro__ssofreadingreaderscommunicatewithreading__terialsthatistosaytheycommunicatewiththewriter.Andinthepro__ssnewideasnewmeaningarealsocreated.Psychologyandaestheticsbothholdtheviewthatreadingactivityisaheartdialoguebetweenreadersandwriters.Itisalsoaspiritualexplorationforareadertofindhimself.ChapterIIISomeMeasurestoImproveStudents’ReadingComprehensionAbility

1.__kestudentsinterestedinreadingFirstweshould__kestudentsknowtheimportan__ofreading.Forseniorstudentswhentheyh__ealreadyknownthatreadingisveryimportantintheirEnglishstudytheywillh__ethedesiretoreadmore.Thisisthefirststep.Secondreadingisveryimportantfortheirgrowing.Ourstudents’dialecticalthoughtandcreativethoughtaredevelopedquickly.“Byreadingtheycanexpandtheirknowledgechangeandformtheirownviews.Andtheycan__ketheirthoughtsandfeelingstoahigherlevelandtheirwaysandtechniquesarebecominghigher.”

⑤

2.Choosesuitablereading__terialsWeshouldprovidedifferentstylesofarticles.Thereare__nywaystodoit.EnglishnewspapersEnglishjournalsandwecanalsoget__nyfromtheInternet.Weshouldchoosedifferent__terialsaccordingtotheirdifferentlevels.Ithinkthatthearticlesshouldbealittlehardbutnottoohard.

3.ConnectreadingwithoureverydayteachingWhenreadinganarticlereadersaresuretomeetsomelanguagebarrierssuchassomenewwordssenten__sstructuresandsoon.Andatthesametimetheywillalsomeetsomenon-languagedifficultiesorwecansaysomeculturalonessuchasnewcon__ptsthetopicofthearticlesandwhetherthearticleisnewornotandsoon.Andthetwofactorsareoftenmixedtogether.So____yzingdifficultsenten__sandwordsintensifyingandenlargingtheirlanguageknowledgearene__ssaryandimportant.Andthisstepshouldbedoneinourdailyteachingespeciallythoseinourtextbooks.Andatthesametimeteachersshouldintrodu__someculturally-loadedwordssenten__sandliteraryquotations.

4.TryoutdifferentnewwaysandmethodstoimprovereadingabilityLimitedreading:Thatmeansteachersshouldlimitsomereading__terialsandletstudentsreadthem.Forexamplewhenwestudy“Thetaleoftwocities”weshouldsearchsome__terialsaboutthewriter---Charles____ensthehistoryarticleofthattimeandsomethingaboutthefamousnovel.Thiswaycanhelpstudentsenlargetheirknowledgeandgetenoughinfor__tionaboutthetopic.Entiretyreading:Thisisaveryhelpfultechniqueforourexamination.Whenreadingthestudentsshouldpayspecialattentiontothewholearticlebutnotindividualwordorsenten__.ThescholarF__ithofCanadaon__saidthereadingtechniqueinfactliesinusingyoureyesaslittleaspossible.Whenweareexperien__datreadingweh__elearnedtodependonouroriginalknowledgedependonourbrain.Wehardlyneedthoseprintedsymbolsonthepaper.Thisisveryuseful.FirstitishelpfultohelpstudentscommunicateinEnglishwitheachother.AnditisveryhelpfulforstudentstolearnEnglishactivelyandit__yformanewreadingstylewhich__kesthestudentsbethe__nter.Anditcanhelpcreatedanaturalandharmoniouslanguageenviro__ent.Atlastitcanhelpstudentslearnhowto____yzesolveanduseEnglish.

5.Somereadingwaysshouldbeintrodu__dtoourstudentsInourpresentteachingmuchtimehasbeenwasted.Whenmeetingwithsomedifficultarticlesteachersspendmuchtimeexplainingeachsenten__.Butitisuseless.Weshouldthrowawaythebadhabit.WhatshouldwedothenOurtaskistoguideourstudentsdeveloptheirknowledgestructureandadjustthemselvestothenewreading__terials.Forexamplein__nyarticleswecanmeet__nynewideas.Theyarenotknownbyteachersletaloneourstudents.So______translationisuseless.Weshouldletourstudentsknowthemethodofreadingandtrytograspitgeneralmeaning.Itisveryimportant.

6.Enlargestudents’culturalknowledgeSin__itisveryimportanttoknowaboutforeignculturesinourclassteachingweshouldintrodu__someculturalknowledgerelatedtoEnglish.Ourtextbooksprovideabundantculturalinfor__tionforus.WeshouldprepareenoughEnglishculturalbackgroundknowledgeandsocialcustomswhichcanattractstudents’interest.Forexample;whenwestudy“Tr__elinAustralia”wecanlearnsomethingaboutAustraliangeographypopulationandcli__te.Andintheperiodwecanaddsuchreading__terialsaboutitshistory__incitiesfamousbuildingsandpla__sofinterestandsomecustoms.Alsowecan__kestudentslearnbythemselvesforexamplewhenwestudy“ThanksgivingDay”wecanholdadiscussionaboutAmerican__infestivals---howdidtheycomeintobeingIsthereanydifferen__betweenAmericanfestivalsandChineseonesAndsoon.ConclusionReadingteachingisanimportantpartinourteaching.Weshoulddounderstandtheimportan__ofreadingandweshoulddoourworkaccordingtoarighttheoryandsomecorrectways.Firstitcanbetaughtanditshouldbetaughtwell.Secondreadingisanactivecoursebetweenwritersandreaders.Thirdsomebasicknowledgesuchasastudent’svocabularyhisabilityof____yzingsenten__structureisimportant.Butatthesametimeitisalsone__ssaryforourstudentsto__sterwideknowledgeandsometechniquestounderstandarticlesbetter.Fourthteachersshouldtakedifferentmeasurestoimprovestudents’readingability.Weshouldconnectreadingconnectreadingteachingwithourdailyteaching.Notes

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