还剩5页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
阅读理解组合练训练3Ⅰ.阅读理解A2016·宁波市镇海中学质检JaneAustenwasbornintheEnglishcountrysidemorethan200yearsago.Shelivedasimplelife.Sheseldomtravelled.Shenevermarriedandshediedfromillnesswhenshewasonly
41.However,peopleallovertheworldrememberher.WhyItisbecauseJaneAustenistheauthorofsomeofthebestlovednovelsintheEnglishlanguage.ThesenovelsincludeEmma,PrideandPrejudice,SenseandSensibilityandPersuasion.JanecompletedherlastnovelPersuasionin1816,butitwasnotpublisheduntilafterherdeath.PersuasionispartlybasedonJanesnavalbrother.Anne,thedaughterofSirWalterElliot,fallsinlovewithCaptainWentworth,apersonofalowersocialposition.ButshebreaksofftheengagementwhenpersuadedbyherfriendLadyRussellthatsuchamatchisunworthy.ThebreakupproducesinAnneadeepandlonglastingregret.Eightyearslater,Wentworthreturnsfromseaarichandsuccessfulcaptain.HefindsAnnesfamilyontheedgeoffinancialruin.Anneandthecaptainrediscovertheirloveandgetmarried.JaneAustenoncecomparedherwritingtopaintingonalittlebitofivory象牙,twoinchessquare.ReadersofPersuasionwillseethatneitherherskillofdelicateironic讽刺的observationsonsocialcustom,love,andmarriagenorherabilitytoapplyasharpfocustoEnglishmannersandmoralshasabandonedherinherfinalfinishedwork.Persuasionhasproducedthreefilmadaptations a1995versionstarringAmandaRootandCiaranHinds,a2007TVminiserieswithSallyHawkinsandRupertPenryJones,anda1971miniserieswithAnnFirbankandBryanMarshall.PeoplewhoareinterestedinJaneAustencanstillvisitmanyoftheplacesshevisitedandlivedin.TheseplacesincludethevillageofSteventon,althoughherfamilyhouseisnowgone.ManyoftheplacesJanevisitedinBatharestillthere.YoucanvisitJaneAustenshomeinChawton,whereshedidherbestwriting,andWinchester,whereshedied.本文是一篇人物传记主要介绍了英国作家JaneAusten的生平事迹以及她的作品风格,并着重介绍了她的最后一部小说《劝导》1.WhatisthethemeofPersuasionA.Neverregretwhatyouvechosen.B.Truelovelastsforever.C.Bematchedformarriage.D.Lovewaitsfornoman.B [细节理解题根据第四段的内容可知,Anne同青年军官Wentworth倾心相爱并订下婚约后来她因相信了朋友说的这样的婚姻不般配而忍痛同心上人解除了婚约,以后一直活在悔恨当中八年后,Wentworth上校返乡,两人历尽曲折,结成眷属由此可知,这部小说的主题是真爱永恒故选B]2.WhichofthefollowingCANNOTdescribeJaneswritingstyleA.Herapplicationofcomparison.B.Herskillfuluseofirony.C.Herfocusonmannersandmorals.D.Herdelicateobservations.A [细节理解题根据第五段内容可知,B、C、D三项都在文中提到了,是她作品的特点,而A项没有涉及故选A]3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowaboutJaneAustenA.Persuasionisanovelaboutthelifeofhernavalbrother.B.ShedidnotseePersuasionpublishedwhenshewasalive.C.ShediedfromillnessatherhomeinChawtonattheageof
41.D.HerlastnovelPersuasionisconsideredhermostsuccessfulone.B [细节理解题根据第三段第一句可知,她生前并没有看到《劝导》出版故选B根据第三段第二句中的“partly”可知,A项错误;根据最后一段最后一句可知,Jane不是在家里去世的,排除C项;D项文中未提及,也可排除]B2016·潍坊三模Giventhatfemalebedbugslayover200eggsduringtheirlifetime,itsnotsurprisingthataboutoneoutoffiveAmericanhouseholdshavehadorknowsomeonewhohashadabedbuginfection.Butanewstudyshowsthatanunexpectedweaponmaybeusefulinthefightagainstthetiny,bitingenemies color.TheBBCsMichelleRobertsreportsthatbedbugsappeartohavestrongpreferencesforcertaincolors.Agroupofresearchersbecamecuriousaboutwhetherbedbugslikecertaincolors,sotheycreatedtinytents,orharboragesofdifferentcolorsandplacedtheminpetridishes培养皿.Theresearchersthenputbedbugsonthecenterofthedish,givingthemtenminutestochoosewhichharboragetheywantedtohidein.Bedbugsarenestparasites寄生虫—thatswhytheylovehuman“nests”orbedrooms.Sotheyrecrazyaboutfindingshelter.Asaresult,itwouldmakesensethatabugplacedonthescarybroadnessofapetridishwouldrushforcoverassoonaspossible.Mostofthebugsrantoblackandredharborages,passingbyonesofothercolors.Andtheywerentintoyelloworgreenatall.Overall,thebugspreferredharboragesinthisorder red,black,orange,blue,lilac,violetandgreen.Genderinfluencedthedecisionsbecausegroupsofsinglegenderbugspreferredthesamecolors.Researchersguessthatthedecisionsmayhavetodowithbugsconsideringdifferentsheltersasbetterorworseplacestomateorperhapsstaysafefromenemies.“Weoriginallythoughtthebedbugsmightpreferredbecausebloodisredandthatswhattheyfeedon,”saysDr.CorraineMcNeill.“However,afterdoingthestudy,themainreasonwethinktheypreferredcolorsisthatbedbugsthemselvesappearred,sotheygototheseharboragesbecausetheywanttobewithotherbedbugs,astheyareknowntoexistingroups.”本文是一篇科普文主要讲述了研究人员发现臭虫偏爱某种颜色,这有利于我们应对它们4.WhatdidtheresearchdiscoverA.Bedbugsareparticularaboutcertaincolors.B.Bedbugshaveapreferenceforlivingingroups.C.Bedbugsaredifficulttogetridof.D.Bedbugsareafraidofdarkcolors.A [细节理解题根据文章第一段“TheBBCsMichelleRobertsreportsthatbedbugsappeartohavestrongpreferencesforcertaincolors.”可知臭虫对颜色特别挑剔]5.Theunderlinedword“harborages”inPara.2canbereplacedby“”.A.bedroomsB.dishesC.eggsD.sheltersD [词义猜测题根据文章第二段“sotheycreatedtinytents”和“givingthemtenminutestochoosewhichharboragetheywantedtohidein”可知D项正确]6.Bedbugslikeredmainlybecause.A.theyareredB.redisbeautifulC.redcanscaretheirenemiesawayD.bloodisredandtheyfeedonbloodA [细节理解题根据文章最后一段“themainreasonwethinktheypreferredcolorsisthatbedbugsthemselvesappearred”可知臭虫喜欢红色主要是因为它们自身是红色]7.WhatcolorsheetshouldpeoplechooseagainstbedbugsaccordingtotheresearchA.Red.B.Yellow.C.White.D.Black.B [推理判断题根据文章第四段“Mostofthebugsrantoblackandredharborages,passingbyonesofothercolors.Andtheywerentintoyelloworgreenatall.”可知B项正确]【导学号85602082】C2016·全国甲卷AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurleyspictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirstratephotojournalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck海难byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechestunderfreezingwaterinthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEnduranceasmalltightNorwegianbuiltthreemasterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists27meninall,tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarcticasWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled雪橇acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwellresearchedstoryTheEnduranceadventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scottslastjourney,completedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhungercaughttheworldsimaginationandafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.ShackletonaonetimeBritishmerchantnavyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurleyaconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimagesmostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.本文是一篇记叙文1914年到1916年间,一群海员和科学家踏上了南极探险之路结果他们在回来的路上发生海难,其中一个摄影师在临死之前拍摄了大量的照片,并把照片封存在破损的木船的冰块箱里通过这些照片我们可以了解到那次不太成功的探险经历8.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurleyA.Theyweremadelastweek.B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.D [细节理解题由题干中的thephotostakenbyHurley定位到文章第二段开头该段说这些照片即使是上个星期拍的也堪称佳作,故A项错误;该段中还说照片是在一次海难之后拍的,故D项正确;文章没有说拍摄的是海底景观,故B项错误;拍摄者是摄影师,但没有说是一名摄影师发现了这些照片,故C项错误]9.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetextA.FrankHurley.B.ErnestShackleton.C.RobertFalconScott.D.CarolineAlexander.C [推理判断题由题干中的“第一个到达南极”这条信息定位到第三段被发现的照片所展示的这次旅行是为了获得比RobertFalconScott船长先前的探险更大的收获,该船长在1912年就到达了南极由此推断RobertFalconScott是最先到达南极的人,故选C项]10.WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyageA.Artisticcreation.B.Scientificresearch.C.Moneymaking.D.Treasurehunting.C [细节理解题题干的Alexander在最后一段出现,the1914voyage指本文谈到的Endurance这艘船的探险,该段开头说,这个作家在她的小说TheEndurance中说,在那时,探险就已经是纯商业活动athoroughlycommercialeffort了,因此1914年航行的目的是赚钱moneymaking,故选C项A项“艺术创作”,B项“科学调研”,D项“寻宝”,均未体现]Ⅱ.阅读七选五2016·镇海中学期中检测RhythmofLifeChoosingtherighttimetosleepthecorrectmomenttomakedecisionsthebesthourtoeat—andevengointohospital—couldbeyourkeytoperfecthealth.Centuriesaftermandiscoveredtherhythmsoftheplanetsandthecyclesofcropsscientistshavelearnedthatwetoolivebypreciserhythmsthatgoverneverythingfromourbasicbodilyfunctionstomentalskills.Manisaprisoneroftime.Butitsnotjusttheexpertswhoareswitchingontothewayourbodieswork.1PrinceCharlesconsultsachartwhichtellshimwhenhewillbeathispeakonaphysicalemotionalandintellectuallevel.BoxerFrankBrunoisanotherwhochartshisbiorhythmstoplanforbigfights.2Sleepbloodpressurehormonelevelsandheartbeatallfollowtheirownclocks,whichmaybearonlyslightrelationtoourmanmade24hourcycle.Researchshowsthatinlaboratoryexperimentswhensocialsignalsandmostimportantly,lightindicatorssuchasdawnaretakenawaypeoplelosetouchwiththe24hourclockandsleepingpatternschange.Temperatureandheartbeatcycleslengthenandsettleinto“days”lastingabout25hours.Intherealworldlightanddarkkeepadjustinginternalclocktothe24hourday.Butthebestindicatorofperformanceisbodytemperature.Asitfallsfroma10p.m.highof
37.2℃toapredawnlowof
36.1℃,mentalfunctionsfalltoo.3ThemostfamousexampleisthenuclearaccidentatThreeMileIslandintheUS.Thethreeoperatorsinthecontrolroomworkedahernating交替的weeksofdayeveningandnightshifts.4Investigatorsbelievethiscausedtheworkerstooverlookawarninglightandfailtocloseanopenvalve.Findingthesecretofwhatmakesustickhaslongfascinatedscientistsandworkdoneoverthelastdecadehasyieldedimportantclues.5Forexample,thetimeweeatmaybeimportantifwewanttomaximizeintellectualorsportingperformance.Thereisalreadyevidencesuggestingthatthetimewhenmedicineisgiventopatientsaffectshowwellitworks.A.Therhythmoflifeisaslightbeat.B.Theaimistohelpusbecomemoreefficient.C.JennyHopeclaimstohavetestedtheirbodyclockstothelimit.D.Thisisakeyreasonwhyshiftworkcancausesomanyproblems.E.Expertssayeveryaspectofhumanbodiesisinfluencedbydailyrhythms.F.Manypeoplestudythestateoftheirbiorhythmsbeforemakingtheirdailyplans.G.Suchadangerouscombinationnevergavetheirbodiesnaturalrhythmsachancetosettledown.本文是一篇科普说明文,主要介绍了人体的生物钟是如何调整和适应生活节奏的1.F [下文举的两个例子是进一步阐述和解释观点的,根据第二个例子“whochartshisbiorhythmstoplanforbigfights”可知,此处侧重利用自己的生物钟制订计划,与F项中的“studythestateoftheirbiorhythmsbeforemakingtheirdailyplans”一致故选F]2.E [根据该空的位置可知,此处是本段的主题句下一句是对该句的进一步解释,所列举的“Sleep,bloodpressure,hormonelevelsandheartbeat”都是具体的身体状况,与E项中的“everyaspectofhumanbodies”含义一致故选E]3.D [此处承上启下,是对上文的概括,也是下一段的例子要证明的观点下文提到经常黑白倒班的人会被打乱生物钟节奏,带来种种困扰,上文探讨了轮班工作会扰乱生物钟的原因,都与D项中的“whyshiftworkcancausesomanyproblems”照应故选D]4.G [控制室的三个操作员经常黑白倒班,这打乱了他们的生物种,与G项中的“nevergavetheirbodiesnaturalrhythmsachancetosettledown”吻合故选G]5.B [本段主要分析了发现生物钟的意义,下文举的例子进一步说明了把握生活节奏的作用和重要性,与B项中的“helpusbecomemoreefficient”照应故选B]【导学号85602083】PAGE1。