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外文翻译组态网随着工业自动化水平的迅速提高,计算机在工业领域的广泛应用,人们对工业自动化的要求越来越高,种类繁多的控制设备和过程监控装置在工业领域的应用,使得传统的工业控制软件已无法满足用户的各种需求在__传统的工业控制软件时,当工业被控对象一旦有变动,就必须修改其控制系统的源程序,导致其__周期长;已__成功的工控软件又由于每个控制项目的不同而使其重复使用率很低,导致它的__非常昂贵;在修改工控软件的源程序时,倘若原来的编程人员因工作变动而离去时,则必须同其他人员或新手进行源程序的修改,因而更是相当困难通用工业自动化组态软件的出现为解决上述实际工程问题提供了一种崭新的方法,因为它能够很好地解决传统工业控制软件存在的种种问题,使用户能根据自己的控制对象和控制目的的任意组态,完成最终的自动化控制工程首先通过NRF905无线传输模块,将数据采集电路的数据传输到无线传输接收模块,无线传输模块通过__X232与电脑实现全双工串口通信,通过电脑和单片机达到自动控制农业大棚的目的因为每次传输2个字节,8位二进制数值,所以一次串口能够传输最大255的数据,因为ADC0809是8位二进制,最大值也是255,所以将采集到的数据直接传输,在组态软件中设置返回字节为6,没字节为8位,最大值255,然后设置6个数据变量,每个变量对应一个单元号,这个单元号就是代表通过串口传进组态的一个数据单片机AT__C51单片机广泛应用于商业诸如调制解调器,电动机控制系统,空调控制系统,汽车发动机和其他一些领域这些单片机的高速处理速度和增强型__设备__使得它们适合于这种高速__应用场合然而,这些关键应用领域也要求这些单片机高度可靠健壮的测试环境和用于验证这些无论在元部件层次还是系统级别的单片机的合适的工具环境保证了高可靠性和低市场风险Intel平台工程部门__了一种面向对象的用于验证它的AT__C51汽车单片机多线性测试环境这种环境的目标不仅是为AT__C51汽车单片机提供一种健壮测试环境,而且__一种能够容易扩展并重复用来验证其他几种将来的单片机__的这种环境连接了AT__C51本文讨论了这种测试环境的设计和原理,它的和各种硬件、软件环境部件的交互性,以及如何使用AT__C
511.1介绍8位AT__C51CHMOS工艺单片机被设计用于处理高速计算和快速输入/输出MCS51单片机典型的应用是高速__控制系统商业应用包括调制解调器,电动机控制系统,打印机,影印机,空调控制系统,磁盘驱动器和医疗设备汽车工业把MCS51单片机用于发动机控制系统,悬挂系统和反锁制动系统AT__C51尤其很好适用于得益于它的处理速度和增强型片上__功能集,诸如汽车动力控制,车辆动态悬挂,反锁制动和稳定性控制应用由于这些决定性应用,市场需要一种可靠的具有低干扰潜伏响应的费用-效能控制器,服务大量时间和__驱动的在实时应用需要的集成__的能力,具有在单一程序包中高出平均处理功率的__处理器拥有操作不可预测的设备的经济和法律风险是很高的一旦进入市场,尤其任务决定性应用诸如自动驾驶仪或反锁制动系统,错误将是财力上所禁止的重新设计的费用可以高达500K美元,如果产品族享有同样内核或__设计缺陷的话,费用会更高另外,部件的替代品领域是极其昂贵的,因为设备要用来把模块典型地焊接成一个总体的价值比各个部件高几倍为了缓和这些问题,在最坏的环境和电压条件下对这些单片机进行无论在部件级别还是系统级别上的综合测试是必需的IntelChandler平台工程组提供了各种单片机和处理器的系统验证这种系统的验证处理可以被分解为三个主要部分系统的类型和应用需求决定了能够在设备上执行的测试类型
1.2AT__C51提供以下标准功能4k字节FLASH闪速存储器,128字节内部RAM,32个I/O口线,2个16位定时/计数器,一个5向量两级中断结构,一个全双工串行通信口,片内振荡器及时钟电路同时,AT__C51降至0Hz的静态逻辑操作,并支持两种可选的节电工作模式空闲方式体制CPU的工作,但允许RAM,定时/计数器,串行通信口及中断系统继续工作掉电方式保存RAM中的内容,但振荡器体制工作并禁止其他所有不见工作直到下一个硬件复位
1.3掉电模式在掉电模式下,振荡器停止工作,进入掉电模式的指令是最后一条被执行的指令,片内RAM和特殊功能寄存器的内容在终止掉电模式前被冻结推出掉电模式的唯一方法是硬件复位,复位后将重新定义全部特殊功能寄存器但不改变RAM中的内容,在Vcc恢复到正常工作电平前,复位应无效,且必须保持一定时间以使振荡器重启动并稳定工作__C51的程序存储器阵列是采用字节写入方式编程的,每次写入一个字符,要对整个芯片的EPROM程序存储器写入一个非空字节,必须使用片擦除的方法将整个存储器的内容清楚
1.4编程方法编程前,设置好地址、数据及控制__,编程单元的地址加在P1口和P2口的P
2.0—P
2.3(11位地址范围为0000H——0FFFH),数据从P0口输入,引脚P
2.
6、P
2.7和P
3.
6、P
3.7的电平设置见表6,PSEB为低电平,RST保持高电平,EA/Vpp引脚是编程电源的输入端,按要求加上编程电压,ALE/PROG引脚输入编程脉冲(负脉冲)编程时,可采用4—20MHz的时钟振荡器,__C51编程方法如下在地址线上加上要编程单元的地址__在数据线上加上要写入的数据字节激活相应的控制__在高电压编程方式时,将EA/Vpp端加上+12v编程电压每对Flash存储阵列写入一个字节或每写入一个程序加密位,加上一个ALE/PROG编程脉冲改变编程单元的地址和写入的数据,重复1—5步骤,知道全部文件编程结束每个字节写入周期是自身定时的,通常约为
1.5ms·数据查询__C51单片机用数据查询方式来检测一个写周期是否结束,在一个写周期中,如需要读取最后写入的那个字节,则读出的数据的最高位(P
0.7)是原来写入字节的最高位的反码写周期开始后,可在任意时刻进行数据查询ConfigurationsoftwareconfigurationnetworkAlongwiththeindustrialauto__tionlevelrisequicklythewideapplicationofcomputerintheindustrialfieldsofindustrialauto__tionthepeopleoftheincreasinglyhighde__ndawidevarietyofcontroldevi__sandpro__ssmonitoringdevi__susedinthefieldsofindustrythetraditionalindustrialcontrolsoftwarehasbeenunabletomeetthevariousneedsofusers.Inthedevelopmentofthetraditionalindustrialcontrolsoftwarewhenindustrialcontrolledo__ecton__thechangemustmodifythecontrolsystemofthesour__resultinginitslongdevelopmentcycle;industrialcontrolsoftwarehasbeensuc__ssfullydevelopedandaseachcontrolprojectisdifferentandtherepeateduserateisverylowcauseitisveryexpensive;inamodifiedindustrialcontrolsoftwaresour__codeiftheoriginalprogrammingstaffduetothechangeofworkandle__eitmustbethesameasotherpersonsornovi__sweremodificationsofthesour__programsoitisquitedifficult.Generalpurposeindustrialauto__tionconfigurationsoftwareforsolvingthepracticalengineeringproblemsprovidesabrandnewmethodbecauseitcanwellsolvethetraditionalindustrialcontrolsoftwareoftheproblemssothattheusercanaccordingtotheirowncontrolo__ectandcontrolthepurposeofarbitraryconfigurationthecompletionofthefinalauto__tioncontrolengineering.FirstthroughtheNRF905wirelesstran__issionmodulethedataacquisitioncircuittran__itsthedatatoawirelesstran__ittingandre__ivingmoduleawirelesstran__issionmodulethroughthe__X232andcomputerimplementationoffullduplexserialcommunicationsingle-chipcomputerandauto__ticcontrolisachievedthroughtheaimofagriculturalgreenhouses.Becauseeachtimetran__issionof2bytes8bitbinaryvaluesoaserialportcantransfera__ximumof255databecausetheADC0809is8bitsthe__ximumvalueis255sothecollecteddataistran__itteddirectlyinconfigurationsoftwareissettoreturnfor6bytesnotbyteis8the__ximumvalueof255thena6datasetofvariableseachvariablecorrespondingtoaunittheunitnumberisrepresentedthroughtheserialportintoadataconfiguration.SinglechipAT__C51Singlechipmicrocomputeriswidelyusedinbusiness:suchasamodemmotorcontrolsystemair-conditioningcontrolsystemengineandsomeotherfields.Thesinglechipcomputerspeedpro__ssingspeedandenhan__dperipheralequipmentcollection__kesthemsuitableforthehighspeedeventapplications.HoweverthesekeyapplicationsalsorequiretheseMCShighlyreliable.Robusttestenviro__entandusedtovalidatethesebothincomponentlevelorsystemlevelchipsuitabletoolenviro__enttoensurethehighreliabilityandlow__rketrisk.Intelplatformengineeringdepartmentinthedevelopmentofano__ectorientedisusedtoverifyitsAT__C51carSCMmultilineartestenviro__ent.ThisgoalisnotonlytoprovidearobustAT__C51automobileSCMtestenviro__entanddevelopacanbeeasilyextendedandrepeatedusedtovalidateseveralotherfuturechip.Developmentoftheenviro__entAT__C51connection.Thispaperdiscussesthetestenviro__entdesignandprincipleitandallkindsofhardwaresoftwareenviro__entcomponentinteractionandhowtouseAT__C
51.
1.1INTRODUCTION8AT__C51CHMOSpro__ssMCUisdesignedforpro__ssinghighspeedcalculationandfastinput/output.MCS51MCUtypicalapplicationishighspeedeventcontrolsystem.Commercialapplicationofmotorcontrolsystemincludesamodemprintercopy__chineair-conditioningcontrolsystemadiskdriveandmedicalequipment.AutomobileindustrybasedonMCS51singlechipmicrocomputercontrolsystemofenginesuspensionandanti-lockbrakesystem.AT__C51isparticularlywellapplicabletoprofitfromitspro__ssingspeedandenhan__don-chipperipheralfunctionssuchas:vehicledynamiccontroldynamicvehiclesuspensionanti-lockbrakeandstabilitycontrolapplication.Asaresultofthesecriticalapplicationsthe__rketneedsareliablewithlowinterferen__potentialresponseofthecost-effectivenesscontrollerservi__timeandeventdriveninreal-timeapplicationsthatrequireintegratedperipheralcapacityinasinglepackagehashigher__eragepowerinthe__ntralpro__ssor.Operatingwithunpredictableequipmenteconomicandlegalriskishigh.On__enterthe__rketespeciallythemissioncriticalapplicationssuchasintheautopilotoranti-lockbrakesystemtheerrorwillbeprohibitedbythefinancial.Theredesignofthecostscanbeashighas500Kdollarsiftheproductfamilytoenjoythesamecoreorperipheraldesignflawscostswillbehigher.Inadditionrepla__mentpartsfieldisextremelyexpensivebecausetheequipmentisusedtoputthemoduletypicallyweldedintoanoverallvaluethaneachcomponenthighseveraltimes.Tomitigatetheseproblemsintheworstenviro__entandvoltageconditionsontheSCMincomponentlevelorsystemleveltestingisrequired.TheIntelChandlerPlatformEngineeringGroupoffersavarietyofsingle-chippro__ssorandsystemvalidation.Thesystemofauthenticationpro__ssingcanbebrokendownintothree__insections.Systemtypeandapplicationde__nddecidedtoapparatustoperformatesttype.
1.2AT__C51providedwiththefollowingstandardfunction:4KbytesFLASHflashmemory128MBinternalRAM32I/Oline2of16timer/countera5vectortwosuspendedstructureafullduplexserialcommunicationporton-chiposcillatorandclockcircuit.AtthesametimeAT__C51to0Hzstaticlogicoperationandsupportstwoselectablepowers__ingmode.IdlemodesystemCPUworkbutallowstheRAMtimer/counterserialportandinterruptsystemcontinuetowork.Powerdownmodetos__ethecontentsoftheRAMbuttheoscillatorsystemandprohibitingallothernotworkuntilahardwarereset.
1.3thepower-downmode:Inthepower-downmodetheoscillatorstopsworkingenterapower-downmodeinstructionisthelastinstructiontobeexecutedon-chipRAMandspecialfunctionregistercontentsattheterminationofthepower-downmodebeforebeingfrozen.Introductionofpower-downmodeistheonlywaytoahardwareresetresetafterwillredefineallspecialfunctionregistersbutdoesnotchangethecontentsofRAMVccreturnedtonor__lworkinglevelreductionshouldbeinvalidandmust__intaina__rtaintimeto__ketheoscillatortorestartandsteadywork.The__C51programmemoryarrayisabytewriteprogrammingeverywriteacharactershouldbefortheentirechipEPROMprogrammemorywriteanonnullbytesmustusethechiperasingofthememorycontents.
1.4programmingmethodsProgram__blefrontsettheaddressdataandcontrolsignalsaprogrammingunitaddressinP1portandP2portofP
2.0-P
2.311bitsoftheaddressrangeforthe0000H--0FFFHdatafromtheP0portinputpinP
2.6P
2.7andP
3.6P
3.7levelsettingisshowninTable6PSEBlow__intainahighlevelofRSTEA/VpppinisprogrammingtheinputendofthepowersupplyaccordingtotherequirementsandtheprogrammingvoltageALE/PROGpininputprogrammingpulsenegativepulse.Whenprogrammingwith4-20MHzclockoscillator__C51programmingmethodisasfollows:intheaddresslinecoupledtotheprogrammingunitaddresssignalsondatalinescoupledtothewrittendatabyte.Activationofthecorrespondingcontrolsignal.InthehighvoltageprogrammingmodetheEA/Vppterminaliscoupledwiththe+12vprogrammingvoltage.EachoftheFlashmemoryarraywriteabyteoreachwriteaprogramencryptionplusthelastALE/PROGprogrammingpulse.Changetheprogrammingunitaddressandwritedatarepeatsteps1-5knowsalltheprogrammingdocumentend.Eachbytewritecycletimingisitselftypicallyabout
1.5ms.•dataquery__C51microcontrollerwithdataquerytodetectwhetherornottheendofawritecycleduringawritecyclesuchastheneedtoreadthelastwrittenthatbytethenreadoutdataisthemosthighP
0.7wasoriginallywrittenbytesofthehighestcharacter.Writecyclebegins__yatanytimefordataquery.。