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Unit1CultralrelicsⅠ.阅读理解IfyouwanttohelpchildrendeveloplanguageandspeechskillsUCLAresearcherssaylisteningtowhattheyhavetosayisjustasimportantastalkingtothem.Theeffectofaconversationbetweenachildandanadultisaboutsixtimesasgreatastheeffectofadultspeechinputalonetheresearchersfound.“Adultsspeakingtochildrenhelpslanguagedevelopbutwhatmattersmuchmoreistheinteraction”saidthestudy’sleadauthorFrederickZimmermananassociateprofessorintheSchoolofPublicHealthattheUniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles.TheresearchersalsofoundthatTVviewingdidn’thavemuchofaneffect-positivelyornegatively-aslongasitwasn’tdisplacingconversationsbetweenanadultandachild.TheUCLAstudyincluded275familieswithchildrenbetween2monthsand48monthsold.Theyrepresentedavarietyofincomesandeducation.Theresearchersfoundthatinanaveragedaychildrenhearabout13000spokenwordsfromadultsandparticipatedinabout400adult-childconversationsaday.Assessedseparatelyfactorspositivelyassociatedwithlanguagedevelopmentincludedeachadditional100conversationsadayandeach1000wordsincreaseinthenumberofwordsspokenbyadultsandheardbychildren.WhenlookedataloneTVwasnegativelyassociatedwithlanguagedevelopment.Butwhenthethreefactorswereanalyzedtogethertheonlyonethatstoodoutwasconversationbetweenadultsandchildren.“Themoreachildspeaksandinteractswithanadultthebetterideaaparenthasaboutwherethechildis”Zimmermansaid.“Althoughit’smostlydoneunconsciouslyparentswillprovidefeedbackandcorrectmistakes.They’llalsotailortheirspeechtothechild.Parentscangiveachildwordsbytalkingtothemaboutwhatthey’redoingsuchas‘I’mputtingonyourpajamasnow’.Butgiveyourchildtheopportunitytotalkhopefullywithouttherestofthenoiseintheenvironment”sheadded.“Ifparentscancarveoutsomeconversationtime-maybeatbathtimeoratdinnertime-that’sawonderfulthing.”
1.TheresearchersalsofoundthatTVviewing______.A.couldhaveapositiveeffectonachild’slanguagedevelopmentB.hadalittleeffectonachild’slanguagedevelopmentC.affectedachild’slanguagedevelopmentmorenegativelythanpositivelyD.affectedachild’slanguagedevelopmentbothnegativelyandpositively
2.FrederickZimmermanwouldprobablyagreethat____.A.parentsshouldlettheirchildrentalkmostofthetimeB.childrenshouldwatchTVprogramsselectivelyC.theconversationbetweenparentsandchildrenshouldbetwo-wayD.it’snogoodforparentstocorrecttheirchildren’smistakeswhentheyarespeaking
3.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat_____.A.parentsshouldletachildrepeatwhatheorshesaysB.bathtimeordinnertimeisthebestchanceforparentstotalktoachildC.parent-childconversationcanbecarriedoutatanypropertimeD.parentsshouldleaveachildtalkingalone
4.Theunderlinedword“tailor”inthelastparagraphcanbebestreplacedby___.A.controlB.improveC.passD.adjust
5.WhatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassageA.TalkwithkidsnotatthemB.LetyourchildrenvoicetheirownopinionsC.Howtodevelopachild’slanguageabilityD.TheimportanceofearlychildlanguagedevelopmentMostyoungpeopleenjoysomeformofphysicalactivity.Itmaybewalkingcyclingorswimmingorinwinterskatingorskiing.Itmaybeagameofsomekindfootballhockeygolfortennis.Itmaybemountaineering.Thosewhohaveapassionforclimbinghighanddifficultmountainsareoftenlookeduponwithastonishment.WhyaremenandwomenwillingtosuffercoldandhardshipandtotakerisksonhighmountainsThisastonishmentiscausedprobablybythedifferencebetweenmountaineeringandotherformsofactivitytowhichmengivetheirleisure.Mountaineeringisasportandnotagame.Therearenoman-maderulesasthereareforsuchgamesasgolfandfootball.Thereareofcourserulesofadifferentkindwhichitwouldbedangeroustoignorebutitisthisfreedomfromman-maderulesthatmakesmountaineeringattractivetomanypeople.Thosewhoclimbmountainsarefreetousetheirownmethods.Ifwecomparemountaineeringandothermorefamiliarsportswemightthinkthatonebigdifferenceisthatmountaineeringisnota“teamgame”.Weshouldbemistakeninthis.Thereareitistrueno“matches”betweenteamsofclimbersbutwhenclimbersareonarockfacelinkedbyaropeonwhichtheirlivesmaydependthereisobviouslyteamwork.Themountainclimberknowsthathemayhavetofightforcesthatarestrongerandmorepowerfulthanman.Hehastofighttheforcesofnature.Hissportrequireshighmentalandphysicalqualities.Amountainclimbercontinuestoimproveinskillyearafteryear.Askierisprobablypasthisbestbytheageofthirtyandmostinternationaltennischampionsareintheirearlytwenties.ButitisnotunusualforamanoffiftyorsixtytoclimbthehighestmountainsintheAlps.Theymaytakemoretimethanyoungermenbuttheyprobablyclimbwithmoreskillandlesswasteofeffortandtheycertainlyexperienceequalenjoyment.
6.WhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassageA.DifferencesbetweenGolfandMountaineeringB.SportsandGamesC.MountaineeringD.Whyarecrazyaboutmountaineering
7.Themountaineeringcanalsobecalledateamsportbecause_____.A.mountainclimbersusuallycompeteingroupsB.mountaineersdependoneachotherwhileclimbingC.mountaineeringclimbersarefreetousetheirwonrulestoclimbD.mountaineeringisasportnotagame
8.Thebiggestdifferencebetweengolfandmountaineeringliesin____.A.teamgameB.enjoymentC.ageD.rules
9.Intheauthor’sopiniononeofthemostimportantreasonswhysomanypeopleenjoymountaineeringisthat____.A.therearenoman-maderulesformountaineersB.mountaineeringisasportandnotagameC.itisoneofthemostdangeroussportsD.mountaineeringbringsusmoreenjoymentthanothersportsⅡ.语法填空ThestorytellsofawomanwhoduringthewarwenttolivewithherhusbandincampontheMojaveDesert.She1(simple)hatedtheplace.Theheatwasalmost2(bearable)125degreesintheshade.Thewind3(blow)continuallyandtherewassandeverywhere.Atthebeginningshejusttolerateditandexpectedtoleaveasearlyaspossible.FinallyindesperationshewrotetoherparentsinOhiothatshecouldn’tstand4(live)thereforanotherminuteandwascominghome.Quicklycamethereplybyairmailfromherfather—justthetwofamiliarlines:“Twomenlookedoutfromprison…5mansawmudwhiletheothermansawstars!”Thedaughterdidsomerealthinkingnotonlywiththeintelligencebutalsowithherheart.Shedecided6(stick)toherpost.Making7(friend)withthenativesshelearnedtolovethecountryandeventuallywroteabook8wasbasedonherexperiencesinthecountry.Thedesertdidn’tchange9herattitudechanged.Becauseshelistenedwithherheart10thewordsherfathersentawholenewworldopeneduptoher.Ⅲ.短文改错NevershallIforgetthefirstEnglishlessongivingbyMissLiu.Onthisdaywhensheenteredtheclassroomwefoundoutshewasayoungandbeautifullady.Thensheintroducedherselfsaidweshouldn’tcallherTeacherLiubutMissLiu.LatesheletusgototheblackboardandsaysomethingaboutourselvesinEnglishonturn.WhenitwasmyturnIfelttooshythatIdidn’tdaretosayawordbeforeclass.Shewentuptomeandsaidkindly“Don’tbeafraid.Ibelieveyoucandoit.”AtlastIwenttotheblackboard.ShepraisedmeforthatIhaddone.答案Ⅰ..阅读理解A语篇导读研究发现,父母和孩子之间的交谈对孩子语言的发展至关重要这种交谈必须是双向的、互动的
1.B细节理解题从文章第二段最后1句可知,看电视对孩子没有多少影响,无论是积极的还是消极的
2.C推理判断题从文章第二段内容可知,Zimmerman强调父母跟孩子之间交谈的双向性和互动性才是更重要的
3.C推理判断题从文章最后一段可知,父母应该随时创造跟孩子交谈的机会,时间的选择是非常灵活的
4.D词义理解题根据句子结构和语境分析,此处tailor是动词,本义是“量体裁衣”,此处的意为“不断调整以适应”
5.A主旨大意题文章强调父母和孩子之间的交流,而且强调交流的互动性,因此选A项B语篇导读全文讲述登山运动的特点,它与其他运动的不同以及登山运动对运动员的要求等
6.C主旨大意题全文讲述登山运动的特点,它与其他运动的不同以及登山运动对运动员的要求等不是谈登山运动与高尔夫的不同;也不是谈所有的运动,也不是谈迷恋登山的原因,因此C项是本文的标题
7.B细节理解题短文的第四段提到登山运动的特点,说它与其他运动不同之处,它没有队与队之间的较量,但当他们在岩面上时,其生命维系在一根绳子上,要互相依靠,此时是团队活动
8.D细节理解题第三段的第2句说“(登山运动)没有人为规定的规则,而高尔夫和足球有”,本题考查的是对句中as从句的理解
9.A推理判断题从短文的叙述可知,大家喜爱登山,因为它与其他运动项目不同,它没有人为的规则Ⅱ.语法填空【答案】
1.simply
2.unbearable
3.blew
4.living
5.one
6.tostick
7.friends
8.which/that
9.but
10.toⅢ.短文改错NevershallIforgetthefirsttimeEnglishlessongivingbyMissLiu.OnthisdaywhenGiventhatsheenteredtheclassroomwefoundout/outshewasayoungandbeautifullady.Thenshethatintroducedherself∧/saidweshouldn’tcallherTeacherLiubutMissLiu.LatesheletusandsayingLatergototheblackboardandsaysomethingaboutourselvesinEnglishonturn.WhenitwasmyinturnIfelttooshythatIdidn’tdaretosayawordbefore∧class.Shewentuptomesothecameandsaidkindly“Don’tbeafraid.Ibelieveyoucandoit.”AtlastIwenttotheblackboard.ShepraisedmeforthatIhaddone.what。