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浙江奉化市2017高考英语完形填空一轮专题选编(2016高考训练)阅读下列材料,从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项体裁记叙文 话题动物世界 词数330 时间7′Tropicalfishhobbyistswilltellyoutheirtanksareasourceofrelaxation,butrecentresearchsuggeststhefishmightdisagree.ManyAmericanhouseholdscontainafishtank,whoseaveragesizeislessthan10gallons.Yetastudycomparingthebehaviorofcommonfreshwaterfishfoundthatthosekeptinsuchsmalltanksweremoreaggressivethanthoseinlargeronesandweremorelikelytofight.“Ifpeoplekeptdogsintheseconditions,theydbeputinprison,”saidtheauthor,RonaldOldfield.“Inlargertanks,thefishwerenotincontinuouseyesightofeachother.Theywereswimmingaround,checkingeverythingoutratherthanbeatingeachother,”headded.“Itssomethingweshouldthinkabout.”Thestudyconsistedoftwoexperiments.Inone,Dr.Oldfieldtestedtheeffectsofovercrowdingbykeepingtanksizeconstant不变whileincreasingthenumberoffish.Intheother,hetestedenvironmentbyplacingthreefishintanksofdifferentsizes.Hethenrecordedtheirbehavioratleasttwohoursafterfeeding,toeliminate排除competitivebehaviorsrelatedtofood.Whileaggressionseemedtoremainconstantregardlessofthenumberoffishinatank,itdroppedoffconsiderablyoncethefishwereplacedina100gallontankwithseveralplantsandrockstoformshelters.ThefindingsconfirmedwhathefoundwhenobservingMidasinthewild.“Ifyougooutandobservethesefishswimminginariver,”hesaid,“theyrenotaggressiveatall,really.”ThisconclusionisnotnewstoJustinMuir,theownerofafishtankbusiness.“Morevolumeofwaterisalwaysbetter.Itkeepsthefishhealthier,andthetankismorestable.”【语篇解读】 本文叙述了热带鱼的生活习性当它们的生活空间越小时,它们的侵略性就越强;反之,如果生活空间越大,侵略性越小1.Wecanconcludefromthestudythat________.A.thefishinsmallriversaremorelikelytofightthanthoseinlargeronesB.ifyoukeepfishintanksoflessthan10gallons,youllbeputintoprisonC.peoplehaventpaidenoughattentiontothefeelingoffishinsmallertanksD.thefishinthewildaremoreaggressivethanthosekeptintanks答案 C [推理判断题由第二段和第三段内容可知,人们大多把鱼养在小的鱼缸里,故选C项A项中讲的是河流,而全文讲的是鱼缸,故A项错误;由第三段第一句可知B项错误;由全文特别是最后一段可知D项错误]2.HowwasthefirstexperimentperformedA.Byputtingmoreandmorefishinthesametank.B.Byputtingfishintanksofdifferentsizes.C.Byputtingsomefoodtotestthebehavioroffish.D.Byputtingfishinatankwithplantsandrocks.答案 A [细节理解题由第四段第二句可知答案]3.Thetwoexperimentsprovethat________.A.foodcompetitionresultsintheaggressivebehavioroffishB.fishbecomemoreaggressiveasmorefishareputintoatankC.crowdingisthemaincauseoftheaggressivebehavioroffishD.fishbecomelessaggressivewhenplacedina100gallontank答案 D [推理判断题由倒数第二段最后一句可知,如果把鱼放在100加仑的鱼缸里,它们会停止攻击,故选D项A项太片面;由倒数第二段最后一句可排除B、C两项]4.Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe________.A.AnimalsRighttoLiveatEaseB.PictureofRelaxationOnlyIfYoureNotInsideC.HowtoKeepTropicalFishasPetsD.HowtoDealwithFishsAggressiveBehavior答案 B [主旨大意题由短文内容可知,作者主要告诉我们鱼缸的大小决定鱼生活得是否舒适、侵略性的大小,故选B项]2016高考英语阅读理解--健康保健类DietCokedietPepsidietpillsno-fatdietvegetablediet…Wearesurroundedbytheword“diet”everywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologically(心理上的)andphysically.Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevelwearenotallowingourbraintoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweightbutincontrollingtheconsumptionoffattyhigh-calorieunhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale(秤)instead.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.Onanotherleveldietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrinkwearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon’thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpainandthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle.Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonusbutalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients营养成分.Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzerocalorieonlybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts.Dietproductsmaynotbenutritionalandthechemicalthatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonusitistimetoseriouslythinkaboutbuyingthem.Losingweightliesinthepowerofmindsnotinthepowerofchemicals.Oncewerealizethiswewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproductsandthereforepreventthepsychologicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.【小题1】FromParagraph1welearnthat________.A.dietproductsfailtobringoutpeople’spotentialB.peoplearefedupwithdietproductsC.peoplehavedifficultyinchoosingdietproductsD.dietproductsaremisleadingpeople【小题2】Onepsychologicaleffectofdietproductsisthatpeopletendto_____.A.hesitatebeforetheyenjoydietfoodsB.payattentiontotheirowneatinghabitsC.watchtheirweightratherthantheirdietD.tryoutavarietyofdietfoods【小题3】Thepurposeofwritingthispassageis_________.A.towarnpeopleofthesideeffectofdietproductsB.totellpeoplehowtoloseweightC.toadvisepeopletoeatdietproductsD.tointroducesomedietproducts【小题4】Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure(结构)ofthepassageCP:CentralPoint P:Point Sp:Sub-point次要点 C:Conclusion2016高考英语阅读理解--健康保健类Inmanysportsphysicalcontact身体接触ispartofthegame.Butwhenathleteshittheirheadsthehitcancauseconcussions脑震荡.Concussionshavelongbeenaconcernforprofessionalathletesbutthey’vebecomemorecommonamongyoungplayerstoo.Between2001and2009thenumberofkidsunder19visitingdoctorsforconcussionseachyearincreasedby62percent.Engineersaredevelopingnewhelmets头盔andnewrulesarelimitingphysicalcontactinsomesports.Butaretheseeffortsenoughtoprotectkids’brainsConcussionscanhappenduringmanytypesofactivities.Butsportslikefootballandsoccerareespeciallyrisky.Whenyourunorjumpyourbodyismovingatanincreasedspeed.Asuddenhitcausesyoutomovefasterinadifferentdirection.“It’slikewhenyou’reinabusanditmakesasuddenstop”saysDr.KevinCrutchfieldanexpertatasportsconcussioncenterinBaltimoreMaryland.“Youhittheinsideofthebus.”Thishitdamagesthebrain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainfunctions.Sosomesportsrequireathletestowearhelmets.Helmetshelpreducetheforceofahit.Thehardoutershellspreadstheforceoflargerarea.Insideahelmetaplasticorair-filledliningalsohelpssoftentheblow.SteveRowsonisanengineeratVirginiaTech.Inhislabhetestshowhelmetsholdupagainstdifferenttypesofhits.NohelmetcanpreventconcussionscompletelysaysRowson.Buthe’sfoundthatwhenwearinganewerfootballhelmettheplayer’sheaddoesn’tgainspeedasmuchafterahit.Thatlowerstheriskofconcussions.Manyyouthsportsteamshavesetlimitsonphysicalcontacttoreducetheriskofconcussions.Insoccermostconcussionshappenasaresultofheaders—shotsorpassesmadewiththehead.That’swhymanypeoplethinkkidsshouldn’theadtheballuntilhighschool.TheseeffortsshouldhelpsaysCrutchfield.Butthebestwaytopreventlong-termbraininjurieshesaysistostopplayingimmediatelyifyousufferconcussion.“Protectyourselftodaysoyoucanplayagaintomorrow.”【小题1】Concussionsamongyoungplayers______.A.arerarebefore2001B.seemextremelyworryingC.causekidstoloseinterestinsportsD.aremostlycausedbywearingnohelmets【小题2】Theauthormentionsthesuddenstopofthebusto_____.A.stressit’sdangeroustoridebusesB.showhumanbrainsareeasilydamagedC.giveabetterexplanationofconcussionsD.remindpeopletowearhelmetswhileplayingsports【小题3】WhatdoesSteveRowsonthinkofthenewerfootballhelmetsA.Theyvaryalotinsize.B.Theyworkbetterthantheoldones.C.Theyslowdowntheplayer’srunningspeed.D.Theyallowtheplayerstomovetheirheadsmorefreely.【小题4】Dr.Crutchfieldsuggeststhatafterreceivingaconcussionyoungplayersshould__.A.neverheadtheballB.avoiddangeroussportsC.playotherkindsofsportsD.stopplayingthesportforawhile阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中,选出最佳选项Peopledonotanalyzeeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytorememberasolutionfromthelasttimetheyhadasimilarproblem.Theyoftenaccepttheopinionsorideasofotherpeople.Othertimestheybegintoactwithoutthinking.Theytrytofindasolutionbytrialanderror.Howeverwhenallthesemethodsfailthepersonwithaproblemhastostartanalyzing.Therearesixstagesinanalyzingaproblem.Firstthepersonmustrecognizethatthereisaproblem.ForexampleSam’sbicycleisbrokenandhecannotreadittoclassasheusuallydoes.Sammustseethatthereisaproblemwithhisbicycle.Nextthethinkermustdefinetheproblem.BeforeSamcanrepairhisbicyclehemustfindoutthereasonwhyitdoesnotwork.Forinstancehemustdetermineiftheproblemiswiththegearsthebrakesortheframe.Hemustmakehisproblemmorespecific.Nowthepersonmustlookforinformationthatwillmaketheproblemclearerandleadtopossiblesolutions.ForinstancesupposeSamdecidedthathisbikedoesnotworkbecausethereissomethingwrongwiththegearwheels.Atthistimehecanlookinhisbicyclerepairbookandreadaboutgears.Hecantalktohisfriendsatthebikeshop.Hecanlookathisgearscarefully.Afterstudyingtheproblemthepersonshouldhaveseveralsuggestionsforapossiblesolution.TakeSamasanillustration.Hissuggestionsmightbe:putoilonthegearwheels;buynewgearwheelsandreplacetheoldones;tightenorloosenthegearwheels.Eventuallyonesuggestionseemstobethesolutiontotheproblem.Sometimesthefinalideacomesverysuddenlybecausethethinkersuddenlyseessomethingneworseessomethinginanewway.Samforexamplesuddenlyseesthatthereisapieceofchewinggumbetweenthegearwheels.Heimmediatelyrealizesthesolutiontohisproblem:hemustcleanthegearwheels.Finallythesolutionistested.Samcleansthegearwheelsandfindsthatafterwardshisbicycleworksperfectly.Inshorthehassolvedtheproblem.
1.WhatisthebesttitleforthispassageA.SixStagesforRepairingSam’sBicycleB.PossibleWaystoProblem-solvingC.NecessitiesofProblemAnalysisD.SuggestionsforAnalyzingaProblem
2.InanalyzingaproblemweshoulddoallthefollowingExcept.A.recognizeanddefinetheproblemB.lookforinformationtomaketheproblemclearerC.havesuggestionsforapossiblesolutionD.findasolutionbytrialormistake
3.ByreferringtoSam’sbrokenbicycletheauthorintendsto_________.A.illustratethewaystorepairhisbicycleB.discusstheproblemsofhisbicycleC.tellushowtosolveaproblemD.showushowtoanalyzeaproblem
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueA.Peopledonotanalyzetheproblemtheymeet.B.Peopleoftenaccepttheopinionsorideasofotherpeople.C.Peoplemaylearnfromtheirpastexperience.D.Peoplecannotsolvesomeproblemstheymeet.
5.Asusedinthelastsentencethephrase“inshort”means_________.A.inthelongrunB.indetailC.inawordD.intheend【参考答案】1—
5、BDCAC。