还剩6页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
四川长宁县2017高考英语一轮阅读理解专题练习
(一)阅读理解Theliteralmeaningofphilosophyis“loveofwisdom”.Butthismeaningdoesnottellusverymuch.Unliketheotherdisciplines(学科)philosophycannotbedefinedbywhatyoustudybecauseitisactuallyunlimited.Anythingcanbethesubjectmatterofphilosophy:arehistorylawlanguageliteraturemathematicsandinfacttheotheracademicdisciplinesaredirectlyrelatedtophilosophy.ForthisreasonyougetaDoctorate(博士学位)ofPhilosophyPh.D.inbiochemistryorcomputerscienceorpsychology.Twobroadsub-fieldsofphilosophyarelogicandthehistoryofphilosophy.Logicisthescienceofargumentandcriticalthinking.Itprovidessoundmethodsfordistinguishinggoodfrombadreasoning.Thehistoryofphilosophyinvolvesthestudyofmajorphilosophersandperiodinthedevelopmentofphilosophy.OfwhatuseisphilosophyFirstitisusefulineducationaladvancement.Itisnecessaryforunderstandingotherdisciplines.Onlyphilosophyquestionsthenatureoftheconceptsusedinadisciplineanditsrelationtootherdiscoveries.Andthroughthestudyofphilosophyonedevelopssoundmethodsofresearchandanalysisthatcanbeappliedtoanyfield.Thereareanumberofgeneralusesofphilosophy.Itstrengthensone’sabilitytosolveproblemstocommunicatetoorganizeideasandissuestopersuadeandtotakewhatisthemostimportantformalargequantityofdata.Thesegeneralusesareofgreatbenefitinthecareerfieldnotnecessarilyobtainingone’sfirstjobaftergraduationbutforpreparingforpositionofresponsibilitymanagementandleadershiplateron.Itisveryshortsightedafteralltotakeacourseofstudiesonlyforthepurposeofgettingone’sfirstjob.Theusefulskillsdevelopedthroughthestudyofphilosophyhavesignificantlong-termbenefitsincareeradvancement.Nootherdisciplinesystematicallyfollowstheidealsofwisdomleadershipandcapacitytoresolvehumanconflict.
1.AccordingtoParagraph
1.Philosophycanbestbedescribedasthestudyof.A.socialsciencesB.naturalsciencesC.bothsocialandnaturalsciencesD.thesubjectmatterofpolitics
2.Withthestudyofphilosophyyoucan.A.becomeagreatleaderB.succeedineverythingC.findagoodjobsoonaftergraduationD.makeprogressinyourcareerdevelopment
3.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollwingstatementsisTRUEA.Philosophyisanindependentdiscipline.B.Logichelpsyoutobecomeabetterthinker.C.Thestudyofphilosophybringsyouimmediatebenefits.D.Themeaningofphilosophyistoolimitedtodefine.
4.FromthepassagewecanconcludeA.notallthesubjectshavetodowithphilosophyB.apersonwillgetaPh.D.ifhe/shestudiesphilosophyC.philosophycanbehelpfulforthestudyofanyothersubjectsD.philosophyistheonlysolutiontoalltheproblemsintheworld【参考答案】CDBC[2014·石家庄市高三模拟]Probablynoothermusicalinstrumentisaspopulararoundtheworldastheguitar.Musiciansusetheguitarforalmosteverykindofmusic.Countryandwesternmusicwouldnotbethesamewithoutaguitar.ThetraditionalSpanishfolkmusiccalledFlamencocouldnotexistwithoutaguitar.ThesoundofAmericanbluesmusicwouldnotbethesamewithoutthesadcryoftheguitar.Androckandrollmusicwouldalmostbeimpossiblewithoutthisinstrument.Musicexpertsdonotagreeaboutwheretheguitarfirstwasplayed.Mostagreeitisancient.SomeexpertssayaninstrumentverymuchlikeaguitarwasplayedinEgyptmorethan1000yearsago.SomeotherexpertssaythattheancestorofthemodernguitarwasbroughttoSpainfromPersiasometimeinthetwelfthcentury.TheguitarcontinuedtodevelopinSpain.Inthe1700sitbecamesimilartotheinstrumentweknowtoday.Manyfamousmusiciansplayedtheinstrument.ThefamousItalianviolinistNiccoloPaganinniplayedandwrotemusicfortheguitarintheearly1800s.FranzSchubertusedtheguitartowritesomeofhisfamousworks.InmoderntimesSpanishguitaristAndresSegoviahelpedmaketheinstrumentextremelypopular.Inthe1930sLesPaulbeganexperimentingwithwaystomakeanelectricguitar.Heinventedthesolidbodyelectricguitarin
1946.TheGibsonGuitarCompanybeganproducingitsfamousLesPaulGuitarin
1952.Itbecameapowerfulinfluenceinpopularmusic.Theinstrumenthasthesameshapeandthesamesixstringsasthetraditionalguitarbutitsoundsverydifferent.LesPaulproducedaseriesofextremelypopularrecordingsthatintroducedthepublictohismusic.TheyincludedPaulplayingasmanyassixmusicalpartsatthesametime.ListentothisLesPaulrecording.ItwasthefifthmostpopularsongintheUnitedStatesin
1952.Itiscalled“MeetMisterCallaghan”.
1.Thepassageisorganizedinthepatternof________.A.timeandeventsB.comparisonandcontrastC.causeandeffectD.definitionandclassification
2.WhatcanweinferfromthefirstparagraphA.Musicwouldnotbethesamewithouttheguitar.B.Thechoiceofmusicalinstrumentisimportantforaband.C.Guitarwasthemostpopularmusicalinstrumentinthepast.D.Everymusicianlikesplayingmusicwiththeguitar.
3.Thepassageintroduces________.A.themethodofplayingtheguitarB.theexacttimeoftheguitarsoriginC.thewaythattheguitarismadeD.somemusicianswhoplaytheguitar
4.WherecouldwefindthepassageA.Inanewspaper. B.Ontheair.C.Inamagazine.D.Inahistorybook.[文章大意] 本文主要介绍了吉他在音乐中的重要性、发展史以及与其相关的音乐家
1.A推理判断题综观全文可知本文主要按时间和事件的顺序来组织文章的
2.A推理判断题由第一段“Countryandwesternmusicwouldnotbethesamewithoutaguitar.ThetraditionalSpanishfolkmusiccalledFlamencocouldnotexistwithoutaguitar.ThesoundofAmericanbluesmusicwouldnotbethesamewithoutthesadcryoftheguitar.Androckandrollmusicwouldalmostbeimpossiblewithoutthisinstrument.”可推断出没有吉他音乐也不一样了,故选A项
3.D细节理解题本文在第三段介绍了一些与吉他有关的音乐家,故选D项A、C两项在文中没提到,B项文中有提及,但没说具体的时间,故不能选
4.B推理判断题由最后一段倒数第三句“ListentothisLesPaulrecording.”可知这篇文章有音乐播放,故很有可能来自广播【2015高考复习】阅读理解Thehottest“green”toyinGermanyisntmadeoforganicorrecycledmaterials.Thisonehasasolarpanelandonlyrunsifkidsremembertoinsertbrightred“energystones”thatpowerthespacestation.Germany,apioneerinmanyrenewableenergyinitiatives,isalsoattheforefrontofcreatingenvironmentfriendlytoysaimedatmakingkidsthinkaboutwhereenergycomesfromandhowmuchofittheycanuse,raisingawarenessthroughplay.AnumberofhightechgreentoysareondisplayatthisyearsNurembergtoyfair,whichrunsthroughSunday.Amongthem,therearehydroelectricpowered水电动力的toycars,anddollhouseswithwindturbinesandrainwatercatchers.Thebrightgreen“FuturePlanet”spacestationfeaturesaninneratrium中庭withafanthatispoweredbyafunctioningsolarcell.Itsaimistogetkidstousetheirimaginationabouthowenergywillbecreatedinthefuture.Makersandretailersbelievesuchtoyswillplayanincreasinglyimportantroleintheirfuture—andthatofourkids.“Energyisthequestionofthefutureandwearedefinitelythinkingaboutthisaswemoveahead,”saidJudithSchweinitz,aspokeswomanforPlaymobil,makerofthesolarpanelfittedspacestation.“Itisincreasinglybeingbroughtintoourplayconcept.”Greentoys—whichrangefromthosemadeofsustainablematerialstooneslikethespacestationthatjustraiseenvironmentalawareness—makeuponlyasliverofthe$84billioninternationaltoymarket,buttheirshareisgrowing,studiesindicate.EnvironmentalresearchfirmEarthsense,basedinSyracuse,NewYork,predictsthatgreentoyswillaccountforabout$1billion,or5percentofU.S.toysalesinthenextfiveyears.Parentsaresmartandtheywantinformationaboutwhatsintheproduct.Thatswhatsreallydrivingthemarket.【语篇解读】本文向我们介绍了德国研制的“环保”玩具的最新情况,该研究的目的是提高儿童节能环保的意识16.Thehottest“green”toyinGermanyis________.A.madeofrubbishB.madeoforganicorrecycledmaterialsC.equippedwithasolarpanelD.drivenbyanadvancedmotor答案 C [事实细节题从第一段第二句可知,德国目前最受欢迎的“绿色环保”玩具装有太阳能电池板]17.Thepurposeofmakingthegreentoysisto________.A.raisekidsawarenessaboutenergyandenvironmentB.improvekidsimaginationC.givekidstheknowledgeoftechnologyD.improvethesafetyoftoys答案 A [事实细节题从第一段第三句可知,生产这些环保玩具的目的是提高孩子节约能源和保护环境的意识]18.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthatthegreentoys________.A.canhelpsavelittleenergyB.arenotacceptedbyparentsC.willsellwellinthefutureD.havenotbeenproduced答案 C [推理判断题从最后一段可推知,虽然这种环保玩具目前所占的市场份额较小,但它的前景会很好]19.WhichofthefollowingBESTdescribestheopinionofEarthsenseaboutgreentoysA.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.C.Disappointed.D.Proud.答案 B [推理判断题根据最后一段倒数第三句可知,环境研究公司Earthsense认为环保玩具会有很好的市场前景,故他们对环保玩具持乐观的态度]【2015高考复习】阅读理解“TheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationFDAisconsideringtoputstricterlimitsovertanningsalons晒黑廊andwantstobananyoneyoungerthan18yearsofagefromusingatanningbed,”anadvisorypanel专家团announcedlastweek.Thepaneliscallingfortightercontrolsontheindustrysuchasrequiringteenagerstogettheapprovalfromtheirparentsbeforeusingtanningbedsorlimitingtheuseofartificialtanningtoacertainage.“Giventheabsenceofanydemonstratedbenefits,Ithinkitisanobligationforustobanartificialtanningforthoseunder18,”saidpanelistDr.MichaelOlding.Alongwithapossiblebanforteenagers,thepanelalsorecommendedthatvisiblewarninglabelsshouldbeplacedeitheronthetanningmachinesorinthesalonsinordertocautiontannersofthepossibledangers.Inaddition,thecommitteedecidedthatstricterregulationsandclassificationswerecriticaltomakethemachinessafer.AtthistimethemachinesarecategorizedasFDAClass1devices,theonesthatareleastlikelytocauseharm.IncasetheFDAdecidedtochangetheirclassificationfromClass1toClass2,asadvisedbythepanel,theFDAcouldlimitthelevelsofradiationthemachinesemit.Class2devicesincludeXraymachinesandpoweredwheelchairs.Gettingatan,whetherfromatanningbedorthesun,increasestheriskofdevelopingskincancer.Lastyear,theWorldHealthOrganizationsInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancerIARCdeclaredtanningbedsas“carcinogenic致癌的tohumans”.Itwasdiscoveredthatyoungindividualsintheirteensand20swhousetanningbedsonaregularbasishavea75percenthigherriskofsufferingfrommelanoma黑素瘤,thedeadliestformofskincancer.AccordingtotheAmericanCancerSociety,melanomaaccountedfornearly69000casesofskincancerin2009andwillaccountformostabout8650ofthe11590mortalitycasesduetoskincancereachyear.【语篇解读】随着人们审美观的变化,越来越多的人希望自己拥有健康的古铜色皮肤于是日光浴和晒黑廊相应而生晒黑真的能使人拥有健康的皮肤吗?专家告诉我们并非如此针对这种情况,美国食品药物管理局又会做何行动呢?20.Accordingtothepassage,whatmeasureswillU.S.FDAmostprobablytakeA.Banningtanningsalons.B.Posingheaviertaxovertanningsalons.C.Havingtightercontrolsovertanningsalons.D.Limitingthenumberoftanningsalonsineverystate.答案 C [事实细节题由第一段第一句可知,FDA正在考虑对晒黑廊设置更严限制,并禁止18岁以下的青少年使用晒黑床]21.WhichofthefollowingsuggestionsformakingtanningsalonssaferisNOTmentionedA.Visiblecaution.B.Settingagelimit.C.Professionalpersonnel.D.Parentalapprovalforteenagers.答案 C [事实细节题第二段的第一句提到了征得父母同意和年龄限制的规定第三段第一句提到了visiblewarninglabels只有专业人士professionalpersonnel没有被提出来使晒黑廊成为更为安全的场所]22.WhatdoesthewriterwanttoexpressinthelastparagraphA.Tanninginonesyouthmaymeandeath.B.Tanninginthesunissaferthanonthetanningbed.C.Peopleshouldgettannedwithoutgettingmelanoma.D.Gettingtannedisonlyagoodideaforthoseabovethirtyyearsold.答案 A [推理判断题作者在最后一段中显示,不管是日光浴还是使用晒黑床,都极易生长黑素瘤——最致命的皮肤癌所以A项正确]23.Whatwillmostprobablyhappen,iftheadvisorypanelssuggestionsareadoptedandputintopracticeA.Fewerpeoplewillsufferfromskincancer.B.Tanningsalonswillhavemorecustomers.C.Gettingataninatanningsalonwillcostless.D.Parentswillbemoreanxiousabouttheirtanningchildren.答案 A [推理判断题由文章可知,专家团的建议是禁止18岁以下的青少年使用晒黑床,并在机器上或晒黑廊里张贴晒黑可能导致的危害的警告这些建议一旦被接受并实现,自然使进行日光浴或使用晒黑床的人数会减少,这也相应减少了患皮肤癌的人数][2014·武昌调研]ThousandsofteenagersgettheirGCSEresultstoday-andthebigchallengeoffindingajoborapprenticeship学徒身份begins.JonathanKelsallknowshowhegothisresultslastsummer.“IwasreallypleasedwithmyresultsandhadalreadydecidedwhatIwantedtodoafterschool-horticulture园艺学,”saysJonathan17fromGarstangLancs.Physicaloutdoorworkwasthecareerhehadinmindaftergrowingup.“Ichosehorticultureandlovedit.EveryWednesdayIspentthedayonafarmworkingandlearning,”saysJonathan.TogetthecertificateJonathanhadtogetworkexperienceandcontactedlocalcompaniesbeggingforachance.“DavidNicholstheowneroftheCountryGardenertookmeonandthatconvincedmethiswaswhatIwantedtodowithmycareer,”saysJonathan.Lastyear,JonathancontactedDavidagaintoseeiftherewasanywork-andDavidofferedtotakehimonasahorticulturalapprentice.TheNationalApprenticeshipServicehasupto17000apprenticeshipvacanciesavailableonlinewww.apprenticeships.org.uk.ItsexecutivedirectorDavidWaysays“GCSEresultsdaycanbeareallystressfultime.Thegoodnewsisthatwithevermoreapprenticeshipsthereisanincreasingrangeofhighqualityoptionsforyoungpeople.Apprenticeshavetheopportunitytogainnationallyrecognisedqualificationsandpaidemployment.”Jonathansays“Ilovethework.Wedoeverythingfrommaintenancetolandscaping.”Jonathandoesntevenmindthewinter.“Idmuchratherbeoutdoorsthanstuckinanoffice.Thatwoulddrivemecrazy.”Andhehasgotfitteroverthepastyear.“Youneedtobefitespeciallywhenworkingwithstoneorflagstones.Thatsidehasdefinitelymademestronger.AndthegoodnewsisthatwithmyqualificationcertificateIcanworkanywhere.”Acollegeassessorvisitseverythreeorfourweekstoseehowthingsaregoingandtogothroughwrittenworkorassignments.“TheyreadthroughmybookswhereIkeepnotesandansweranyquestions.Itsnothingatalllikeschool.Everythingyouretaughtisrelevanttoallthethingsyouredoing.”
1、WhydidJonathanchoosetobeanapprenticeA.Topleasehisparentswithhardwork.B.Tomakesomepocketmoneyafterschool.C.ToachievehisGCSEresultinadifferentway.D.Togetachancetoworkinanofficeofacompany.
2、Togainacertificateofhorticulture,Jonathanshould________.A.lookforsomegardensandcompletesomephysicalworkB.getworkexperienceandfinishrequiredassignmentsC.makeitaforevercareerandneverhaveitchangedD.lovethesubjectandhaveitinmindallthetime
3、WhoisDavidNicholsaccordingtothepassageA.Jonathansprofessorandemployee.B.Jonathansschoolteacherandboss.C.Jonathanstrainerandbestfriend.D.Jonathansemployeranddirector.
4、WhatistheadvantageofhavinganapprenticeshipA.Itoffersteenagersbothqualificationandjobs.B.Itoffersparentsarighttogivechildrenajob.C.Itoffersapprenticeaplacetomakemoney.D.Itoffersemployersfreeemployees.[文章大意] 在英国有越来越多的孩子选择了当学徒,在此期间他们可以为会考的科目做准备,当然他们也要完成与之匹配的作业而且他们还会有一定的工资
1、C细节理解题根据第一段第一句“...gettheirGCSEresultstoday-andthebigchallengeoffindingajoborapprenticeship...”可知,Jonathan这样做的目的是为了能用另外一种方式获得会考的证书GCSE是英文GeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation的简称,即英国普通中等教育证书
2、B推理判断题根据第二段第三句中“workingandlearning”可知这种学习的方式而本段最后一句中“getworkexperience”和最后一段第一句话的“throughwrittenworkorassignments”说明了这一点
3、D推理判断题根据第三段第一句的tookmeon可知DavidNichols是Jonathan的老板,而本段最后一句话的“takehimonasahorticulturalapprentice”说明David收其为徒
4、A细节理解题根据第四段的最后一句话的“...recognisedqualificationsandpaidemployment.”可知,当学徒的时候既能学到东西,为自己通过考试做准备,还能获得工资。