文本内容:
Theeffectofthreedifferentforecropsonyieldheightandselectedqualitativecharactersofspringbarleycultivatedorganicallyintheyears2003–2005M.KlimekováZ.LehockáAbstract–Inthe2003–2005yearsweobservedtheeffectofthreedifferentforecropssugarbeetwinterwheat__izeforgrainonyieldheightandselectedqualitativecharactersofspringbarleyEbsonvarietygrowinginorganicfarmingsysteminthestationaryfieldexperimentestablishedondegradedChernozemonloessin__ize–barleygrowingregioninsouth–westernpartoftheSlovakRepublicnearPiešťanycity.Theresultsshowedthatthestatisticallyhighestyieldswereobtainedaftersugarbeet.Selectedqualitativeparametersofspringbarleyproteincontentextractstarchcontentthousandgrainweightweremoresuitableforbarleypro__ssingfor__ltingpurposesafter__izeforgrainandwinterwheat.
[1]IntroductionOrganicfarmingoffersanalternativethatcaneliminate__nyoftheenviro__entalproblemsofconventionalagriculture.ThepositionofspringbarleyinSlovakgrainproductionisveryimportantnotonlyinorganicfarming.Thispositionisgivennotonlywithitsutilizationfor__ltindustrybutspringbarleyhaswideimportan__tofoodindustryfeedingco__eticproductsandphar____uticalproducts.Globalcli__techangesbringmoreoftenweatherchangesandaffectgrainyieldsandqualityof__ltingbarley.Theweatherinfluen__onproteinandextractcontentisfactofcommonknowledge.__terialandmethodTheaimoftheexperimentwastodeterminetheeffectofdifferentforecropssugarbeetwinterwheatand__izeforgrain–allforecropswerefertilizedbyfarm–yard__nuredosage40t/haonyieldheightandselectedqualitativecharactersproteincontentextractstarchcontentdiastaticpowerthousandgrainweightofspringbarleyvarietyEbsonallqualitativeparametersweredefinedontheNIRSystems6500methodNearInfraredSpectroscopy.Intheyears2003–2005thestationaryfieldexperimentwasestablishedondegradedChernozemonloessLuvi-haplicChernozemin__ize-barleygrowingregioninsouth-westernSlovakianearthetownPiešťanywithgoodcontentof__ailablepotassiummediumcontentof__ailablephosphorusandhighcontentof__ailable__gnesiumwiththehumuscontent
1.8–
2.0%.Theareashasacontinentalcli__tewiththe__erageannualtemperature
9.20Candmeanannualprecipitation593mm.Obtainedresultswereevaluatedbyvarian______ysis.resultsSpringbarleywasamendedbyVermisolfoliarapplication.TherateofVermisolproductofCalifornianearthwormspresented40l/haandthispreparationwasusedatthebeginningofshootingstageofspringbarley.The__eragegrainyieldwas
4.91t/ha.Intheyear
20034.17t/hathegrainyieldofspringbarleywasstatisticallysignificantlylower**P
0.01thenintheyear
20045.49t/ha.Intheyear2005the__eragegrainyieldrepresented
5.09t/ha.Thisdeficiencywascausedbythelackofmoistureinthecriticalgrowthphaseofspringbarley.Thehighestgrainyieldwasobtainedaftersugarbeet
5.53t/hafollowedbywinterwheat
4.69t/haandthelowestgrainyieldwasafter__izeforgrain
4.53t/ha.Differen__sbetweengrainyieldaftersugarbeetand__izeforgrainandwinterwheatwerestatisticallysignificant**P
0.
01.Theresultscorrespondwiththeresultsobtainedbyotherauthorsthatthemostsuitableforecropforspringbarleyissugarbeetincomparisonwith__izeforgrainandwinterwheat.Petr2004considersugarbeettobemoresuitableforecropforspringbarleythanwinterwheatand__izebecauseoflowerdangerofpathogenoccurren__withtoxicconsequen__sin__ltquality.The__erageproteincontentwas
11.25%.Thehighestproteincontentwasevaluatedaftersugarbeet
12.67%andthelowestproteincontentwasafter__ize
10.19%.Thedifferen__betweensugarbeetand__izewasstatisticallysignificant**P
0.
01.Onlyspringbarleycultivatedafterwinterwheatand__izeforgrain__tchedthestandardSTN461100-5for__ltingbarley.Thehighestextractandstarchcontentwasdeterminedafterforecrop__izeforgrainstarchcontent:
64.65%extract:
81.54%followedbywinterwheatstarchcontent:6403%extract:8082%andsugarbeetstarchcontent:
62.39%extract:
78.__%.Thedifferen__betweensugarbeetand__izeforgrainwasstatisticallysignificant**P
0.
01.Thelastevaluatedcharacterwasdiastaticpower.Thisqualitativecharacterwasstatisticallysignificantlyhigheraftersugarbeet287WKthanafter__ize241WK.Thevalueobtainedafterwinterwheatpresented248WK.Wecansaythatthereisveryimportanttorespectgeneralculturalprinciplesalsoinorganicfarming.Extensityofspringbarleyutilizationinthe__ntralEuropemeansthatspringbarleyisacropforfuture.Fromourresultsfollowthatcomparablegrainyieldsofspringbarleycanbeobtaininorganicsystemsandfurthermoreorganicproductshasbetter__ltingqualityincomparisonwithconventionallygrownproduction.The__eragethousandgrainweightwas
42.61g.Thethousandgrainweightaftersugarbeetwasstatisticallylower
39.53gthanafterwinterwheat
43.9gand__izeforgrain
46.0g.Thedifferen__swerestatisticallysignificant**P
0.
01.Figure
1.Weatherconditionsinexperimentalyearsn30–longtime30-yearsnor__lGraf
15.
534.
694.
534.91Hárok1repapšenicakukurica200320042005Priemer200320042005priemer200320042005priemerPRIEMERúrodab
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534.91HTZb
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6542.
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4342.6proteinb
213.
9412.
1911.
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6711.
9710.
929.
7910.
8910.
569.
4110.
610.
1911.25škrobb
262.
2962.
562.
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3963.
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865.
263.
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6563.69SugarbeetWinterwheatMaizeforgrainAverageextraktb
277.
2978.
1981.
278.
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3179.
7983.
3680.
8281.
0081.
4382.
2081.
5480.62Proteincontent
12.
6710.
8910.
1911.25Dimb2288251322287232223289248218223283241258repapšenicakukuricaSugarbeetWinterwheatMaizeforgrainAverage200320042005Priemer200320042005priemer200320042005priemerPRIEMERStarch
62.
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8281.
5480.62SugarbeetWinterwheatMaizeforgrainAverage
5.
534.
694.
534.91SpringbarleygrainyieldsEbsonvarietygrowingafterdifferentforecropsintheyears2003-2005Hárok2Hárok3Figure
2.SpringbarleygrainyieldsEbsonvarietygrowingafterdifferentforecropsintheyears2003–2005Figure
3.StarchandextractcontentofspringbarleyEbsonvarietygrowingafterdifferentforecropsintheyears2003-2005Figure
4.ProteincontentofspringbarleyEbsonvarietygrowingafterdifferentforecropsintheyears2003-2005Referen__sCodexAlimentarius1993FAO/WHOFoodstandardprogrammeRo__.CSN461100-5Normforspringbarley.PetrJ.SkerikJ.1999In:10yearsoforganicfarmingintheCzechRepublicConferen__pro__edingspp.43–
48.ZakS.LehockaZ.JamborM.
2005.JournalforAgriculturalScien__s51:630-
639.^1TheauthorsarefromtheCentreofAgriculturalResearchNitraResearchInstituteofPlantProductionPiešťanyBratislavskácesta12292168PiešťanySlovakiaklimekova@vurv.sklehocka@vurv.sk。