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上海市英语口译资格证书第一阶段考试中级口译历年全真题(2003年3月-2006年9月)昂立口译021-64482000www.onlycollege.com.cnhttp://www.onlycollege.com.cn目录TOC\o1-2\h\z\u\t样式标题3+图案:清除3样式标题4+行距:单倍行距4样式标题3+左侧:-
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0.5行32003年3月1真题1参考答案132003年9月15真题15参考答案262004年3月28真题28参考答案402004年9月42真题42参考答案552005年3月57真题57参考答案692005年9月71真题71参考答案832006年3月85真题85参考答案992006年9月101真题101参考答案1132003年3月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewordorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.RememberyouwillhearthepassageONLYONCE.Oneoftheproblemsfacingyoungpeopletodayisthattheyhavefewguidelinesonwhichtobasetheirchoiceofcareer.Thisisbecausetheyhavenoprevious_______1ofemployment.Itisnotuncommonforuniversitystudentsintheir_______2toattempttoenteracertainfieldofoccupation_______3whentheyapplythattheyarenotsuitablyqualified.Theyarethenforcedtotakethe_______4thatcomesalongwithoutreallythinkingaboutthelong-termprospects.Toagreatdegreethiscanbeavoidedifyou_______5toplanyourcareerandspendtimeanalysingtheemploymentmarketwithregardtoyour_______
6.Thebestwaytostartistocompilea_______
7.Thisshouldlisteverythingaboutyouwhichmaybeofinteresttoaprospectiveemployerincluding_______8andhobbiesandoutsideinterests.Whenyouhavegathered_______9thenextstepistomatchyourpersonalabilityinterestandqualificationswiththe_______10ofvariousjobsandcareers.Atthisstageyoushouldalsobethinkingaboutwhetherornot_______11needstobebackedupbyaspecializedcourseofstudysuchasforeignlanguagelearningor_______
12.Byaprocessofeliminationyoucannormallyplana_______
13.Evenifyouhaveaburning_______14tojoinaparticularfieldyoushouldstillgothroughthissystematicprocess.Itcouldsaveyou_______15bymakingafalsestarttoyourworkinglife.Thereisnothingwrongwith_______16forexampleadressdesigneroranovelist.Butunlessyoutrulybelievethatyouhavethe_______17andabilityitwouldbepointlesstopursueacareerinthisfield.Finallyitisimportant_______18ifyouhavetocompromisebetweenwhatyouwouldreallyliketodoandwhatyouarecapableofdoing.Thethingtorememberinwhateverjobyoudoistodothejob_______19ofyourability.Noonecanorwill_______20ofyou.PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.ATheboardofdirectorshaveunanimouslyapprovedoftheplansBTheboardofdirectorsdontliketoletdownthenewapplicant.CIdontknowwhattheydontlikeaboutourschemes.DIcantunderstandwhytheyhavecutdowntheexpense.
2.ATheplanewasntlateaccordingtotheschedule.BTheplanedidntarriveuntil8:
30.CTheplanewas150minuteslate.DTheplanedidntlanddownat11:
00.
3.AWehaventenoughmoneyforthenewexhibit.BWehavebeenworkinghardfortheexhibit.COurnewproductwillbereadythissummer.DThenewexhibitisdelayeduntilthissummer.
4.AHousingwithinmybudgetbecomeshardtolocate.BItisdifficulttofindaccommodationforshort-holidaymakers.CPeoplebegintobuyhousesincitiessoastomakeabiggerprofit.DIcannotaffordtomovemyhousetothemountainareas.
5.ATheassistantmanagerislittleconcernedwiththematter.BTheassistantmanagerhaslosthisvoiceinarguingforthematter.CTheassistantmanagerhasnorighttoexpresshisopinioninthematter.DTheassistantmanagerhasnoopiniontoexpressandheremainsvoiceless.
6.ADrSampsonisgoingtobeinchargeofacommittee.BDrSampsonintendstorunamileadaytokeepfit.CDrSampsonisregardedasaresponsibleperson.DDrSampsonisinterestedinmeetingothercommissioners.
7.ATheexperimentfailsasweexpected.BIthinkthecostoftheproposalistoohigh.CIdontmindthecostoftheproposal.DTheproposalshouldnotbereleasedinthenewspapers.
8.AHedidnotsaythathehadlostthefilesintheaccountantoffice.BHesetfiretotheaccountantofficeandgotawaywithit.CHewasnottellingthetruthwhenhesaidhecouldnotfindthefiles.DHehadlocatedsomeerrorsinthefileswhichwasratherdisappointing.
9.AKathyhasextramoneytocarryouttheplans.BKathywantstohelpustoplantheflyingcampaign.CKathyistrustworthybecauseofheroldage.DKathyhasexperienceingettingfinancialassistance.
10.AEconomistsareofteninaccurateinpredictingthepriceofimportedfoodstuffs.BTheUnitedStateshastobeself-sufficientinitseconomicdevelopment.CThefoodandmanufacturingindustriesintheUSrelyheavilyonothercountries.DTheimportedproductsfromothercountriesgreatlyaffecttheUSfoodandmanufacturingindustries.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsONLYONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AInacompany.BInacar.CBehindapolicecar.DOntheirwaytowork.
12.AHercarbrokedowninfrontofthecompany.BTherewasanaccidentinthecenterofthecity.CHercarhadalmostrunoverasmallchild.DShehadreceivedaticketfordrivingtoofast.
13.ASheisdrivingthroughthecitycenter.BSheisfollowedbyapolicecar.CThereisalittlegirlcrossingtheroad.DTherearetoomanycarsinfront.
14.AThewomanlivesinthecenterofthecity.BMostcarsareexceedingthespeedlimit.CThemanistheownerofthecar.DThepoliceareefficientandresponsible.Questions15-
1815.ATheFederalagencies.BThereligiousgroups.CThestateandlocalgovernments.DTheschoolboardoftrustees.
16.A12B16C18D
2017.AMostofthemareoperatedbyreligiousgroups.BMostofthemdonotreceivegovernmentmoney.CTheymustbeapprovedbythelocalgovernment.DTheycanbefoundinallstatesandterritories.
18.AOnemillion.BFourmillion.CSixmillion.DForty-sixmillion.Questions19-
2219.AAbirdwatcher.BAlighthousekeeper.CAnAmericanstudent.DAPh.D.candidate.
20.APassingthetimeintheStates.BWorkingonhisuniversitythesis.CStudyinghumancivilization.DTakingavoyageonthesea.
21.ABecausehecouldlivethereforthetreatmentofhisheadaches.BBecausehewasinterestedinthewildlife.CBecausehewastiredofthenoisyandcrowdedcities.DBecausehecouldcollectsomedataforhispaper.
22.AVisitfriendsaround.BWalkaroundtheisland.CTalktosomeone.DTakeaboatbacktothemainland.Questions23-
2623.AAggressivebehaviourexhibitedbybirdsandmammals.BThecontrolofthelargeranimalsoverthesmallones.CAgeographicalareathatananimalclaimsdominance.DAplacewithacenterandextendingoveritsouterlimits.
24.AThelargerdoghaslefttheterritory.BThelargerdoghascalmeddown.CHerealisesthatthelargerdogisstronger.DHeisnotsupposedtoexceedthelimits.
25.ATheygrowlargerandstronger.BTheyexhibitgreaterstressandanxiety.CTheybegintoestablishtheirownterritories.DTheyexertdominanceoverothersterritories.
26.AInthezooBInthejungle.CInthecity.DInthecountryside.Questions27-
3027.AInvestmoremoneyinproductionresearch.Badvertisefortheimprovedproduct.Ctakeonmoreskilledtechnicalworkers.DPaymoreattentiontomarketresearch.
28.AByimportingrawmaterials.BByexportingmanufacturedgoods.CByinvestinginforeigncurrencies.DByincreasingtheireconomicindependence.
29.ALowerwages.BBiggerprofits.CShorterworkinghours.DOut-of-datemachinery.
30.ATheycanupdatetheold-fashionedmanagement.BTheycanstoptheabsurddisagreements.CTheydisagreewitheachotheroverunofficialstrikes.DTheyprovetobeineffectiveandout-of-datePartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:theneedtomakeeverycomponentasreliableaspossibleandtheneedtobuildeverythingaslightaspossible.Thefactthatanairplaneisupintheairandcannotstopifanythinggoeswrongmakesitperhapsamatteroflifeordeaththatitsperformanceisabsolutelydependable.Givenacertainpowerofengineandconsequentlyacertainfuelconsumptionthereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofaircraftthatcanbemadetofly.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswantedforfuelradionavigationalinstrumentspassengerseatsorfreightroomandofcoursethepassengersorfreightthemselves.Sothestructureoftheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetyandefficiencywillallow.Thedesignermustcalculatethenormalloadthateachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledthestressman.Hetakesaccountofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepartasaprecautionagainsterrorsinmanufactureaccidentaldamageetc.Thestressmanscalculationsgotothedesignerofthepartandhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansaysisnecessary.Oneortwosamplesarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthedesignerintended.Eachseparatepartistestedthenawholeassembly—forexampleacompletewingandfinallythewholeaeroplane.Whenanewtypeofaeroplaneisbeingmadenormallyonlyoneofthefirstthreemadewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstructuraltests.Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernmentcertificateofairworthinesswithoutwhichitisillegaltoflyexceptfortestflying.Makingtheworkingpartsreliableisasdifficultasmakingthestructurestrongenough.Theflyingcontrolstheelectricalequipmentthefireprecautionsetc.mustnotonlybelightinweightbutmustworkbothathighaltitudeswherethetemperaturemaybebelowfreezingpointandinthehotairofanairfieldinthetropics.Tosolvealltheseproblemstheaircraftindustryhasalargenumberofresearchworkerswithelaboratelaboratoriesandtesthousesandnewmaterialstogivetheteststrengthinrelationtoweightareconstantlybeingtested.
1.Thetwomainrequirementsofaircraftdesignare______.AspeedandcostBreliabilityandpassengercomfortClightnessanddependabilityDabilitytostayupintheairandavoidbreakdowns
2.Themaximumpossibleweightofanaircraftisdeterminedby______.Atheenginepower.BtheamountoffreightroomCthenumberofpassengersDinternationalregulations
3.Thestressmansjobisto______.AtesthowsafetheplaneisBcalculatehowstrongeachpartmustbeCworkoutwhatheighttheplanemayflyatDcontroltheamountofluggageeachpassengermaycarry
4.Thefirstthreeaeroplanesofanewtype______.AareonlyforshowBarealldestroyedCarelaterbrokenupforsparepartsDareusedfortestingpurposes
5.Allequipmentinanaircraftmust______.AbetestedtodestructionBnotbetoolightinweightCworkespeciallywellathightemperaturesDworkperfectlywithinawiderangeoftemperaturesQuestions6-10Arecarstodayreallylesspollutingthantheywere30yearsagoTheanswerisclearlyyes.SincetheCleanAirActof1970andestablishmentoftheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyimpressiveprogressinreducingemissionsfromautomobileshasbeenmade.Changesincluderedesignedenginescatalyticconvertersadvancedonboardsensorsandstateandlocalinspectionandmaintenanceprogram.Asaresultoftheseinitiativesnewcarsemit70to90percentlesspollutionthantheir1970counterparts.Yetautomobilescontinuetobeoneofthelargestsourcesofairpollution.Thisisbecausethenumberofcarsontheroadandthenumberofmilesdrivenhasalmosttripledsince1970neutralizingtheeffectsofreducedemissions.CompressednaturalgasCNGisoneoftheleadingcandidatestoreplacegasolineasamotorvehiclefuelinthenearfuture.Itsusesignificantlyreducescertainharmfulemissions.CNGcostslessthangasolineandtheU.S.hasvastsuppliesofnaturalgas.HoweversinceCNGhasalowerenergycontentthangasolineacarpoweredbyCNGneedsabiggertanktoachievetheequivalentdrivingrangeofagasoline-poweredvehicle.Thisreducesthevehiclesfuelefficiency.DespitetheselimitationsthoughCNGisincreasinglyfindingwideuse.Alcohol-basedfuelssuchasmethanolandethanolalsohavepotentialasalternativestogasoline.Bothareliquidslikegasoline.Methanolistypicallymadefromwoodwhileethanolisgenerallymadefromcornstalksorsugar.Emissionsofsomepollutantsfromusingthesefuelsarelowerthangasolinewhileothersareaboutthesame.Howeverbothmethanolandethanolonlygethalfthemileagepergallonofgasolineandbothfuelshavecold-weatherstartingproblem.Hydrogenisaclean-burninghigh-energyfuelthatholdsgreatpromiseinthelongtermifhydrogenisburnedinanenginesimilartothatusedforgasolineonlywaterandsmallquantitiesofnitrogenoxidesareformed.Obstaclesincludearestrictedvehiclerangeduetoanon-boardfuelstoragesystemthatiscurrentlymuchlargerandheavierthanagasolinetankandalimiteddistributionandrefuelingnetwork.Electric-poweredvehiclesaretheonlyonesatpresentthatproducezeroemissions.Currentlyelectriccarsareconsiderablymoreexpensivethangasolinemodels.Theirmaindrawbackhoweverislimitedbatterypower.Evensoelectricvehiclesintheirpresentstateofdevelopmentcouldserveaseffectivecommuterorabouttowncars.Sofartheirtopspeedisabout60mphwithadrivingrangeofbetween50to100milespercharge.Solarenergyisincreasinglybeingexperimentedwithasapowersourceforvehicles.Solar-poweredvehiclescouldsignificantlyreducethesocialandenvironmentalcostsoftransportationinthelongterm.Vehiclesareemission-freelow-noiseandcouldbedesignedtobe100-percentrecyclable.Photovoltaiccellsareusedtoconverttheenergyfromsunlightdirectlyintoelectricity.Theyarestillmuchlessefficientthanotherformsofgeneratingelectricitybuthaveimproveddramaticallyoverthepastdecade.
6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedbytheauthorasanalternativefuelforvehiclesAGasoline.BCompressednaturalgas.CMethanol.DEthanol.
7.TheproblemwithCNGasanalternativefuelisthat______.AithasalowerenergycontentBithasastartingproblemundercoldweatherCithasafuelstorageproblemDitcanproduceharmfulemissions
8.HydrogenasafuelhasbigadvantagesovergasolineinallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.AenergycontentBemissionsCenvironmentalfriendlinessDstorage
9.Howmanyemission-freevehicleshavebeenmentionedinthepassageAOneBTwoCThreeDFour
10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrueaccordingtothepassageABecauseofitspollutiongasolinewillsoonbereplacedbyotherfuels.BAutomobilesarenolongeroneofthemajorpollutantsofourenvironment.CHydrogenwilltaketheleadingroleasanalternativefuelinthenearfuture.DThepasttenyearshaswitnessedgreatimprovementinconvertingsolarenergyintoelectricity.Questions11-15NapoleonfamouslydescribedtheBritishasanationofshopkeepers.Thesedaysitwouldbeequallytruetodescribethemasanationofshoppers.EitherwayLondonistheUKsshoppingmecca;ifyoucantfindithereyouprobablycantfinditatall.SomeLondonshopsaremoreorlesstouristattractionsintheirownright.FewvisitorscomeawaywithoutpoppingintoHarrodsevenifonlytogawp.Thisfamousstoreisarealone-off.Thetoiletsarefabthefoodhallenoughtomakeyouswoonandiftheyhaventgotwhatyouwantitprobablydoesntexist.Nootherstorehassuchasenseofsheeroutrageousabundance.SinceAbsolutelyFabulousbroughtEdinaandPatsysteamingontoourscreensHarveyNicholsHarveyNickshasbecomeanothermust-seeattraction.Itboastsagreatfoodhallanextravagantperfumedepartmentandjewellerytosaveupfor.ButwithallthebignamesfromMiyaketoLaurenHammetttoCalvinKleinandawholefloorofup-to-the-minutemenswearitsfashionthatHarveyNicholsdoesbetterthantherest.Theselectionisunrivalledandthepriceshighalthoughthesalesoffersomegreatbargainsandthestoresownclothinglineisreasonable.CarnabyStreetstillreeksofthe60salthoughitshadsomethingofarevivalsincetheCoolBritanniakickbroughtUnionJackdressesbackintofashion.ThelastpunkshavelongsinceslunkawayfromChelseasKingsRdbuttherearestillplentyofinterestingshopsslottedinamidthehigh-streetchains.TheshopsandstallsinsidetheoldCoventGardenmarketbuildingtendtobepriceyandtourist-orientedwhilethestreetsrunningoffitremainahappyhuntinggroundforshopperswithNealStandNealsYardinparticularofferingarangeofinterestingone-offshops.OxfordStandclassierRegentStcomeintotheirowninthesixweeksrunninguptoChristmaswhentheyrefestoonedwithlights.AtothertimesoftheyearOxfordStcanbeagreatdisappointment.SelfridgesisuptherewithHarrodsasaplacetovisitandtheflagshipMarksSpencerattheMarbleArchendhasitsfansbutthefarthereastyougothetackierandlessinterestingitbecomes.Althoughmostthingscanbeboughtinmostpartsoftowntherearealsostreetswiththeirownspecialities;TottenhamCourtRdforexampleisonelongelectricalgoodsshopwatchoutfortip-offsthoughwhileCharingCrossRdisstilltheplacetocomeforoffbeatbooks.Manytouristattractionshaveexcellentshopssellinggood-qualitysouvenirslikemugspenspencilsstationeryandT-shirtsoftenwiththemestomatchtheircontentwarbooksandvideosattheImperialWarMuseum.Bybuyingfromtheseshopsyouhelpcontributetowardsthebuildingsmaintenanceespeciallyimportantinthecasesofthosewithoutentrycharges.
11.Theoverallpurposeofthepassageisto______.AdescribetheBritishasshoppersBintroduceshoppingplacesinLondonCshowhowtheBritishhavechangedfromshopkeeperstoshoppersDindicatetheBritisharebetteratdoingbusinessthanotherpeople
12.WhatdoesthewriterthinkofHarrodsAItisnotworthvisitingtwice.BItisanunhappyexperienceshoppingthere.CItisacomprehensivedepartmentstore.DItisanicestoreexceptitsfoodhall.
13.AccordingtothewriterwhenisthebestshoppingtimeatOxfordStAAlltheyearround.BTheendofNovemberandDecember.COnlyChristmasweek.DItisnotmentioned.
14.Thewordtackierinthe5thparagraphisclosestinmeaningto______.AmorecrowdedBmoreshabbyCmoreexpensiveDmorestylist
15.WhereshouldyougoifyouwanttobuyanunconventionalbookACarnabyStreetBChelseasKingsRdCCharingCrossRdDtheImperialWarMuseumQuestions16-20Whenashipcarrying825KurdishasylumseekersandimmigrantshitasandbankjustoffItalytheageingresidentsofthenearbyvillageofBadolatothankedGodfortheirChristmaspresent.ItwasDecember
271997.Boatsracedtotheshipandferrieditshumancargotoland.TheKurdswerepennilessanddidnotspeakItalianbutforthevillagersofBadolatoonthetoeofItalytheyhadonepricelessasset—youth.Mostofthehousesinthe1000year-oldvillage250mabovetheMediterraneanhadbeenabandonedoverfourdecades.Apopulationof7000haddwindledto
700.Fewbabieswerebeingborn—mostlocalcoupleshadonechildatthemost.Theelementaryschoolhadclosedbusinesseswerefailingbuildingswerecrumbling.ItwasjustamatteroftimebeforeBadolatobecameaghosttown.AndthentheAraratarrived:aRussian-maderustbucketthathadleftIstanbulforRomesixdaysearlier.Theperilsand$2400pricetaghaddeterredelderlyKurdsfrommakingthejourneysothenewarrivalsweremostlyunder
40.TheyhadnotplannedtomakealifeinCalabriaoneofItalyspoorestbutthatwaswhattheywereoffered.CentralandregionalgovernmentgavetheKurdsfoodandmoneyandpromisedtosettletheminemptyhouses.Officialspromisedthemworkinnewenterprisesthatwouldmakethemostoftheirskills.TheKurdswereastoundedandgrateful.TheirchildrenwouldgrowupItalian.WithindaystelevisioncrewswereinBadolatoreportinghowashiploadofpeopleseekinganewlifehadchanceduponaplacecryingoutfornewblood.ThegovernmentproclaimedBadolatoabeaconfortherestofItalywiththearrivalsprovidingapracticalsolutiontoItalysshrinkingpopulation.Badolatowassupposedtobeatrailblazer.Butthingsbegantosour.Moneypromisedforlanguageclassesandbusinessstart-upsdidnotarrive.Workshopsandinitiativesforthenewlyarrivedcivilengineerstile-makersandlaborersdidnotmaterialize.AKurdishrestaurantopenedbuthiredonlyonerefugee.ItclosedlastNovember.TheKurdsfoundthemselvesturfedoutoftheirhousesafterthreemonths.Theownerswantedrentandthegovernmentaftergrantingresidencepermitsstoppedpaying.Sotherefugeesmovedbacktotheabandonedschool.Bythebeginningofthismonththerewerejust40Kurdsleftincludingfourfamiliesallstilllivingintheschool.MostoftheothershavefoundworkinGermanySwedenandFrance.GerardoMannellothemayorinsistedthathopewasalive.Bureaucraticbunglinghadslowedthemoney.Freshprojectswerebeingplanned.Itisnottoolatehesaid.
16.Thewordtheyinthesentence...theyhadonepricelessasset...para.lmostprobablyrefersto______.AvillagersofBadolatoBItalianyouthCasylumseekersDnew-bornbabies
17.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingsignsdoesNOTindicatethatBadolatoisgoingtobecomeaghosttownABusinessesweredeclining.BFewbabieswerebeingborn.CDerelicthousescouldbeseeneverywhere.DAlotofpeopleemigratedfromthecity.
18.AllofthefollowingarethereasonsmostKurdishasylumseekersareundertheageof40EXCEPTthat______.AthejourneyisfullofperilsBmostKurdishpeoplecannotaffordthetripColdpeoplearetoooldtotakeatripDBadolatoneedsnewblood
19.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthegovernmentsinitialreactiontothenewarrivalsASupportive.BIndifferent.CDisappointed.DCondescending.
20.WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageAItalyspopulationisincreasingafterKurdsarrival.BTheItaliangovernmentbenefitedalotfromthebureaucraticbungling.CTheGermangovernmentofferedmorechancesforKurdishpeopletosurvive.DFinallyBadolatobecametherealtrailblazerfortheshrinkingpopulation.Questions21-25WEDNESDAYOct.9HealthScoutNews—MaybetheyveheardthefrighteningnewsfromafriendglimpseditonTVorlistenedtoagraphicradioreport.Children—evenlittleones—maybealltooawareofthedeadlysnipershootingsthathavestunnedsuburbanWashingtonD.C.Andspecialistsagreethatparentsshouldmovequicklytoaddresstheirchildrensconcernstoreducetheirworriesandrestoretheirsenseofsecurity.IfparentsdonttalkaboutitthemessageisitstooscarytotalkaboutsaysDr.JosephF.HaganchairmanoftheAmericanAcademyofPediatricscommitteeonpsychologicalaspectsofchildandfamilyhealth.IfyoudontbringitupyoumisstheopportunitytoreassureHaganadds.Ithinkthefirstpieceofadviceistoframeit:Itishorriblebutitwonthappentoyou.Thewayyoureassureyourchildrenisasimportantaswhatyousay.TheeffectofhowyoutalkaboutitisveryimportantHagansays.Forinstancedontbroachthesubjectwhenyoureupsetorworriedbecauseyouremotionswillcomethroughandcanupsetyouchildhesays.Hagansayschildrenofallagesevenolderteenagersshouldntwatchtheeveningnewswithouttheirparents.Werebringingprettyhorrendousstuffintoourlivingrooms.Headline-grabbingeventslikethesnipershootings—orthe9/11attackstheanthrax-by-mailterrorcampaignorthestringofschoolshootings—areoftenrebroadcastoverandover.Whileadultscanintellectuallyprocesssuchinformationchildrenoftenassimilateimagesdifferently.SeeingaviolentactseveraltimesmakesitmorerealforchildrenHagansays.Butifyouwatchtelevisionwithyourchildrenyoucanputmattersintoasafercontextforthem.JamesMadduxaclinicalpsychologistatGeorgeMasonUniversityinVirginiasaysthatwhenachildbringsupthesubjectaparentshouldaskwhatsheunderstandsaboutthesituationandthenanswerhonestly.Kidshearallkindsofstrangethingsfromotherchildrenandwhattheyfearmaybemuchworsethanreality.Madduxrecallsbeingaseven-year-oldandbelievingallkindsoffrightening—thoughfalse—storiesabouttheCubanMissileCrisisin
1962.Iwouldhavebeenbetteroffknowingthetruthhesays.Alsosimplybeingpresentforyourchildwillmakehimfeelsafehenotes.AparentspresenceprovidestruephysicalsafetyandasenseofpsychologicalsafetyinchildrenMadduxsays.OlderchildrencanbenefitfromdiscussingwiththeirparentswhattheycanactuallydotobesafesuchasbeingawareoftheirsurroundingssaysLisaOpipari-ArriganapediatricpsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan.Helpthechildfeeltheyhavesomecontrol.ChildrentodayareexposedtomorescenesofviolencethaneverbeforeOpipair-Arrigansays.Helpbykeepinglinesofcommunicationopen.Providereassuranceabouttheirsafety.BeobservantandnoteifyourchildisparticularlymoodyseemsexcessivelyworriedhassleepproblemsorisstressedaboutworldeventsOpipari-Arrigansays.ButperhapsthemostreassuringwordsforparentscomefromMaddux:lthinksometimesadultsexaggeratechildrensfears.Childrenaremorepsychologicallyresilientthanwegivethemcreditfor.
21.Thewordbroachpara3mostprobablymeans______.AbringupBobjecttoCtakeupDstickto
22.AccordingtoHaganchildrenshouldnotbeallowedtowatchTValonebecause______.ATValwaysreportsalotofhorriblenewsBoperatingTVmaybedangerousforsmallkidsCtheyalwaysgetupsetafterwatchingTVDwatchingTVisbadfortheireyes
23.Accordingtothepassagewhenachildraisesascarysubjecttheparentsshould______.AtellthemitisnottrueBdealwithitinanhonestwayCgivethemtheirownunderstanding.Davoidansweringthequestion
24.WhatshouldparentsdotohelpchildrenoutoftheirfearsAToforbidthemtowatchtheeveningnewsonTV.BTotalkaboutthehorriblesubjectwhenparentsfeelupset.CTokeepthemcompanyasmuchaspossible.DTorephrasethenewssoastoputthemonthealert.
25.WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthispassageAHelpyourchildfacethesnipershootingsbravely.BHelpyourchildlearntoavoidviolentTVprograms.CHelpyourchildmakesenseofascaryworld.DHelpyourchildmakefulluseofhisimagination.Questions26-30Thenotionofadigitallibraryisametaphorforthinkingaboutdatacollectionsinanetworkedworld.Digitallibrariesmaytakemanyformsbuttheyallsharesomecommoninfrastructureandgoals.ForstartersdigitallibrariesbuilduponcollectionsofdigitalordigitizeddataandrelyontheInternetforaccessingandsharingthesecollections.Commongoalsincludepreservingthedataovertimeforinterestedcommunitiesandhelpingtransformthedataintoinformationandknowledge.AccordingtoaUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeleyreporthumanityproducesabout250megabytesofdataroughlythetextin250bookseachyearforeverypersonontheplanet.Only
0.003percentofthisannualoutputisinprintedform;mostisintheformofimagessoundandnumericdatawithmorethan90percentstoreddigitally.Inthefaceofthisdataonslaughtdigitallibraryresearchneedstoapproachtheproblemonthreefronts.Meaningfulcollectionsfromallfacetsofsocietymustbecompliedstructuredandpreserved.Increasingcomputationalpowerandnetworkbandwidthmustbeappliedtomakethesecollectionsaccessibleandusable.Andinterfacestothesecollectionsmustbedesignedtobeappropriateclearflexibleandscalable.Digitallibrariesaddvaluetotheircollectionsthroughservicesthatallowscientiststeachersandstudentstoaccessexploresearchandinteractwiththedataaswellasconnecttoinformationinothercollections.Theyaddcontexttodatathatmightotherwiselanguishasdisconnectedcontent.NSF-supportedresearchspanscollectionsfromarcheologytooralhistory.InternationalChildrensDigitalLibrary.Fundedinpartbyafive-year$3millionNSFawardtheUniversityofMarylandTheInternetArchiveandtheirpartnersplantobuildalibraryof10000childrensbooksfrom100culturesaspartofaresearchprojecttodevelopnewtechnologytoserveyoungreaders.TheInternationalChildrensDigitalLibrarywillservechildrenaged3to13yearsworldwide.Multi-mediaVideoDigitalLibrary.Initiatedin1994thisprojectatCarnegieMellonUniversityhaspioneerednewapproachesforfull-contentsearchandretrievalofTVandradionewsanddocumentarybroadcasts.Thecurrentlibraryconsistsofa15000-hourtenterabytelibraryofdailynewsanddocumentariesproducedforpublictelevisionandgovernmentagencies.ArcheologicalSitesandRelics.ResearchersatUCLAareputtingonlineareal-timecomputermodeloftheRomanForumasitappearedinlateantiquity.AnothergroupatUCLAwithcollaboratorsattheMaxPlanckInstitutefortheHistoryofScienceinBerlinisprovidingscholarswithaccesstoadatabaseoftensofthousandsofcuneiformtabletsandinscriptions.
26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthegoalofdigitallibrariesATohelptointerpretthedataintoinformation.BToenhancetherelianceontheinternet.CTokeepthedataforalongperiodoftime.DTopreserverelatedinformationforinterestedcommunities.
27.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout______.AThewideuseofnumericdataBHowtoaccessthehumanknowledgeCThechallengesofdigitallibrariesDThedifferencebetweendigitaldataandprinteddata______.
28.WhatisthebestexplanationforthewordspaninthethirdparagraphAcoverBconnectCbridgeDbind
29.WhatcanreadersgetattheMulti-mediaVideoDigitalLibraryAOver10000childrensbooksfrom100cultures.BFull-contentTVandradionewsanddocumentarybroadcasts.CAnonlinereal-timecomputermodeloftheRomanForum.DAccesstoadataoftensofthousandsofcuneiformtabletsandinscriptions
30.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUEADigitallibrarieshavevariousformsinfrastructuresandgoals.BDigitallibrariesarethosethatcanworkwithoutdata.CDigitallibrariesarepopularamongchildrenaged3to13years.DDigitallibrariesareforpeopletoexploreandinteractwiththedata.SECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Iftheresathreatofdangerousdeflation—ageneralfallinprices—thecauseslieasmuchinEuropeandJapanasintheUnitedStates.TheinevitablecollapseofAmericasspeculativeboomneednothavebeenespeciallydamagingiftheworldsotheradvancedeconomieswerehealthy.TheirexpandingappetiteforimportswouldhavebolsteredtheUnitedStatesandso-calledemergingmarketcountriesfromBraziltoSouthKorea.Thetroubleisthatotheradvancedeconomiesarenthealthy.Deflationcouldemergefromsimultaneousslumpsintheworldsthreemajoreconomies.Pricesdropbecausetherestoolittleglobaldemandchasingtoomuchglobalsupply—everythingfromsteeltoshoes.Japansillsarewellknown.Itsbanksareawashinbadloans.LessunderstoodatleastintheUnitedStatesisthefactthatEuropestroublesstemsignificantlyfromGermany.GermanyisEuropessickmanjustasJapanisAsias.Only15yearsagothesecountriesseemedpoisedtoassumeleadershipoftheworldeconomy.Nowtheyaredraggingitdown.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.中国改革开放以来,国民经济年均增长速度达到
9.7%中国已经发展成为一个全球极富吸引力的大市场世界各国和地区不少有远见卓识的企业家,都将目光投向了中国,投向了西部,并从投资活动中获得了丰厚的回报中国加入世贸组织后,外商参与中国西部开发的机会将越来越多西部大开发一定能成为沟通世界各国和中国的一座桥梁,促进中国和世界经济共同发展、共同繁荣参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.practicalexperience
11.aparticularjob
2.finalyear
12.computerstudies
3.onlytodiscover
13.sensiblecareerpath
4.firstfairlyreasonablejob
14.Ambition
5.takelogicalsteps
15.wastingtime
6.ownabilitiesandinterests
16.dreamingofbecoming
7.personalprofile
17.necessaryartistictalent
8.qualifications
18.nottobedisappointed
9.enoughinformation
19.tothebest
10.demands
20.expectanythingmorePartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.C
2.D
3.B
4.A
5.C
6.A
7.B
8.C
9.D
10.C
2.TalksandConversations
11.B
12.C
13.B
14.B
15.C
16.B
17.A
18.C
19.D
20.B
21.D
22.A
23.C
24.A
25.B
26.C
27.D
28.B
29.A
30.DPartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1在我看来,现在的年轻人花太多的时间上网而没足够的时间读书,这无助于育人2关于单身人士的全国调查表明贫穷的成年男子和富有的女士易于单身3我们在此全力支持总统的关于至少在未来五年内提高40%的国家研究预算的提议4政府承认应该立即拆除二百多万座房子,因为修理这些房子太浪费钱了5我们充分意识到过去的十年中,我们的亚洲伙伴所发挥的重要作用,以及对于世界的和平,稳定和繁荣所做出的贡献
2.PassageTranslation1关于这公司让我沮丧的是大部分员工都是女性我们许多人都很聪明而且有抱负,但所有的高职位让男性所占据大部分男性来自公司以外我的意思是,当有了一个新的职位,不是提升我们中的一个,而是引进以前从未到过公司的男性,在办公室门上写上他们的名字,公司还给他们配车2美国保健中心有三项任务第一是进行学术研究工作对于在保健中心实验室和门诊的研究中所取得的非凡突破我们深表谢意第二项任务是培训年轻的医生和护士和其他的专职保健人员第三项任务关心普通人,尤其是穷人当他们生病或绝望的时候,保健中心会作为一个避难所及时出现的SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.C
2.A
3.B
4.D
5.D
6.A
7.A
8.D
9.B
10.D
11.B
12.C
13.B
14.B
15.C
16.C
17.D
18.D
19.A
20.C
21.A
22.A
23.B
24.C
25.C
26.B
27.C
28.A
29.B
30.DSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】通货紧缩即价格的下降它产生的根源虽然与美国紧密相关,但欧洲和日本也难逃其咎美国的投机繁荣终将以失败告终,但是如果其他经济强国能够健康发展的话,美国经济的衰落本不会有这样巨大的破坏作用这些国家进口数额巨大,这本有可能促进美国和所谓一些新兴市场经济国家(比如巴西和南韩)的经济繁荣可问题是,这些国家的经济状况也远非理想只要有三个经济大国遭受经济衰退,通货紧缩现象就会立刻出现无论是钢铁还是鞋帽,价格下降的原因是全球范围内都是供大于求日本银行坏帐肆虐,经济千疮百孔对此,人们熟知已久德国是欧洲的“病夫”,正如日本是亚洲的病源所在15年前,这些国家还是世界经济的王者,今天却已沦为巨大的拖累SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】SinceChinaadopteditspoliciesofreformandopening-upithasbeenenjoyinga
9.7%economicgrowth.NowChinahasbecomeapromisingmarketattractingtheworld’sattention.Manyfar-sightedentrepreneursfrommanycountriesandregionsarefocusingtheirattentiononChinaandespeciallyonitswesternregions.Fromtheirinvestmentstheretheyhavegotrathersatisfactoryreturns.AfterChina’sentryintotheWTOtheforeignbusinessmenwillhavemoreandmorechancetoplaytheirpartinChina’sdevelopmentofitswesternregions.Thelarge-scaledevelopmentofthewesternregionsisboundtobeabridgelinkingChinawiththerestoftheworldtopromotetheircommoneconomicdevelopmentandprosperity.2003年9月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouANSWERBOOKLET.Rememberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.TheInternetisregardedbymanyastheflagshipofglobalEnglish.Accordingtoa________1conductedbytheInternationalEnglishLanguageAssociationEnglishisthemediumformorethan________2oftheinformationstoredintheworldscomputers.Inmanycountriescomputershavebecome________3andthenetworksthemselveslinkedintothe________4oftheInternet.TheelectronicmediasuchastheInternetthatbindtheworldtogetherneedacommonstandardto________5speedandproficiency.SotheEnglishlanguagebecomes________6forglobalcommunication.ButisittruethattheInternetwillremaina________7oftheEnglishlanguageAtpresentthelanguagemostwidelyusedisEnglish.Butthis________8thefactinthelastcenturyi.e.90%oftheworldscomputers________9theInternetfirebasedinEnglish-speakingcountries.We________10thatinthe21stcenturytheoverallshiftinInternetusewillbesimilartothat________11andthenumberofcomputerhostsinAsiawilleventuallyoutstripthoseinEnglish-speakingcountries.FurthermoretheInternetwhich________12atoolforinternationalcommunicationbetweenaglobal________13elitehasbeenincreasinglyservinglocalcultural________
14.AndastheInternetbecomesmoreandmorewidelyuseditisnaturaltoexpectthat________15languageswillbeemployed.NowadaysInternetusersmayhaveachoiceof________16informationwhentheycontactawebsite.Ifawebsitepageis________17inthatlanguageitcanberetrieved________18oneinEnglish.ThismeansforexamplethattheWebwillappeartobeinSpanishto________19andinChinesetoaChinesespeakerprovidedofcoursethehostscontactedcan________20intheselanguages.PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.ABettywasntpromotedtobetheassistantmanager.BBettydidntreallywanttobetheassistantmanager.CBettywasntqualifiedfortheposition.DBettydidntknowhowtorunthecompany.
2.AEllenwasnothappyaboutherfathersdecision.BEllendecidedtobecomeafull-timestudent.CEllensfatherdecidedtosendherabroad.DEllensfatherwasnowgladtoseeherstudyabroad.
3.AMostmembersofthecommitteeapprovedofthemotion.BAllmembersexcepttheChairmanvotedagainstthemotion.CThetwo-daymeetingresultedintheresignationoftheChairman.DTheChairmanannouncedthesixmembersoftheCommittee.
4.AIwillreadaboutyourschemeduringthemeeting.BIthinkyoushouldreviseyourplanandhanditintomorrow.CLetuspostponethemeetinguntil10oclocktomorrowmorning.DWecandiscussyourplantomorrowmorningcantwe
5.AThepriceofthevideocamerahasreducedatleast50%injustafewyears.BIn1999thepriceofthevideocamerawasnomorethan350dollarseach.CThepriceofthevideocamerawas700dollarseachbutIgota50%discount.DTodayyouneedtopaytwiceasmuchforthistypeofvideocameraonregularprices.
6.AWearewaybehindscheduleinourwork.BWearetootiredtocontinuesoletshavearest.CIsuggestwetakeonextrahandstohelpourwork.DIbelievewecouldneverfinishourworkintime.
7.AThe20computersavailablearesooverusedthattheyoftenbreakdown.BYouhavetogodowntothecomputerdepartmenttoregisterforthecourse.COnecanusethecomputeronlyforalimitedperiodoftime.DWecanusethecomputerforanaverageoffivehoursperday.
8.AThecuttingoftheincometaxeshaswidenedthegapbetweentherichandthepoor.BAsthegenerationgapwidenstherichoughttocutsomeoftheirincomestohelpthepoortosurvive.CThedifferencesbetweentherichandthepoorwilldiminishwiththeincreaseofbusinessactivities.DWiththeincreaseofeconomicactivitiestherichgetricherandthepoorcanhardlygetby.
9.AIdoubttheaccuracyofthesalesfiguregivenbythetopmanagement.BIthinkthisyearstargetsetbythetopmanagementisinaccessible.CWewillmakethisyearssalesfigurestwiceashighnomatterwhathappens.DWebelievethesalesfiguresetbythetopmanagementistoolowandwecanatleastdoubleit.
10.ATheairlinesoftenreducethepricesoftheirticketswhentheyaresometimesoverbooked.BSomepassengersarecompelledtochangetheirflightduetothepracticeofairlines.CTheflighthasbeenrescheduledlateroninordertomeetanavalancheofairDThepassengersareaskedtotakealaterflightastheplanehasbumpedandneedsmaintenancework.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:InthispartofthetestyouwillhearSeveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsOnlyONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AHehasphonedmanyfriends.BHehasboughtsomegifts.CHehasarrangedtheRushtonsNewYearparty.DHehassentanumberofinvitationcards.
12.ABecauseMrs.Jonesgotbadmanners.BBecauseMrs.Joneslivedtoofaraway.CBecauseMrs.Jonesintendedtodivorceherhusband.DBecauseMrs.Jonesdidnotinvitethemtheyearbefore.
13.AInIreland.BIntheHighStreet.CAttheirChristmasparty.DAttheRushtonsNewYearparty.
14.ATheproblemofinvitingtheJonesfamily.BThesendingofChristmascards.CTheexpensefortheChristmas.DTheavailabilityofChristmastrees.Questions15-
1815.ACitiesthatofferdrive-inservicesforairpassengers.BCitiesthatarelocatedintropicalorsemi-tropicalzones.CCitiesthatareonlyashortdistanceapart.DCitiesthatarealongdistanceawayfromtheirairports.
16.AItusesunconventionalsolarenergy.BItrestsonacushionofpressurizedair.CItusesadevicesimilartoajetengine.DItfliesovermagneticallylevitatedtracks.
17.ATheyarelongerthanconventionaltrains.BTheydonotrequiremuchtrackmaintenance.CTheyaremorereliablethanshortflightairplanes.DTheyremaininanystationforashorterperiodoftime.
18.ATheyproducetoomuchnoise.BTheycanbringahugeprofit.CTheyhavetroublestayingonthetracks.DTheyareontheexperimentalstage.Questions19-
2219.AThecountrybecomesmoreprosperous.BThecountryimportsmorethanitexports.CThecountryexportsmorethanitimports.DThecountrybecomesmoreindustrialized.
20.ABritainisprimarilyanindustrializedcountry.BBritaindoesnotproduceenoughfoodtofeeditspeople.CInBritainfewerpeopleareworkinginagriculture.DInBritainthepopulationisnotevenlydistributed.
21.AThemanufacturingindustry.BTheship-buildingindustry.CTheaircraftindustry.DThetextileindustry.
22.ABritainisnolongeranindustrialnation.BBritainhastoimportmorethanitexports.CThemanandthewomanarefromdifferentcountries.DThemanandthewomanareinternationalstudentsinBritain.Questions23-
2623.AParentsandteachers.BUnionleaders.CProblemstudents.DNewspaperreporters.
24.ASeriousacademicwork.BParents.CPermissivenatureofsociety.DModemteachingtechniques.
25.AIndifferent.BIndignant.CSupportive.DReserved.
26.ALearningatschoolismoreenjoyablethanitusedtobe.BPsychologicalguidanceismoreeffectivethancorporalpunishment.CTeachershavetoresorttotraditionalmethodsintheclassroom.DParentsaremoreawareoftheirchildrensaggressivebehaviour.Questions27-
3027.AInahotel.BOnaboat.CInacompanyguesthouse.DWithhisfriends.
28.AOneday.BThreedays.CNearlytwoweeks.DAlmostonemonth.
29.AHewenttoseeabullfightoneafternoon.BHevisitedseveralartgalleries.CHehadagoodtimeenjoyingSpanishfood.DHehiredacaranddrovearoundthecity.
30.AFromMadridtoLondon.BFromLondontoParis.CFromParistoBarcelona.DFromBarcelonatoMadrid.PartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5WindingthroughthedensePhilippinerainforestmyguideslowstoahalt.Heleansoverandcarefullyplucksaleaffromabrightgreenplant.Holdingittohisarmasifitiscoveringawoundhesayssimplymedicine.Myguideisdefinitelynodoctorbutheknowswhatheistalkingabout.HeisanativeNegritotribesmanwhooncetaughtAmericansoldiersabouthispeoplesancientwaysinthejungle.JunglesurvivaltoursareapopularattractioninSubicBaytheformerUSnavalbasethathasbeentransformedintoaspecialeconomiczoneandtouristarea.StartingatthetimeoftheVietnamWarAmericansoldiersusedtheareaslushjunglesandtheknowledgeofthelocaltribesmentotrainfortheharshconditionsofjunglewarfare.AftertheAmericanspulledoutofthePhilippinesin1992tribesmenstartedguidingtourists.ThroughoutAsiaformermilitarysiteshavebeentransformedintounusualandfascinatingtouristattractions.NotfarfromSubiconthewindblownislandofCorregidoratthemouthofManilaBayvisitorscanhuddleinthesametunnelswhereAmericangeneralDouglasMacArthurmadehislaststandbeforethePhilippinesfelltoJapaninWorldWarII.Alight-and-soundshowrecreatesthenerve-wrackingbombingsoldiersendured.OnSingaporesSentosaIslandFortSilosoabeautifullyrestoredgunsitewasoneofthe12coastalartillerybatteriesthattriedtodefendSingaporeduringitsbrutaldownfalltotheJapanesein
1942.OnPenangMalaysiaFortCornwallisisareminderoftheislandsformerstrategicimportance.BuiltbyBritishnavalofficerCaptainFrancisLightin1786itwaslaterrebuiltbyprisoners.Todayitoffersagreatviewoftheocean.USmilitarypersonnelarenowbackinSubicBay.Manycomeonjointmilitaryexercises;othersaresimplytourists.AndmanyechothesentimentofoneUSsoldierwhorecentlymarveledatSubicspristinejungleanddeepwaterport.Whydidwegivethisplaceupheasked.MilitaryManoeuvresFormoreinformationonSubicBaycheckoutthePhilippineDepartmentofTourismwebsitewww.wowphilippines.com.phandlookforSubicintheWhereToGosection.TolearnmoreaboutsitesonCorregidorIslandcheckoutwww.corregidorphilippines.comfortourandhotelinformation.SentosaIslandmaintainsanimpressivewebsiteatwww.sentosahttp://www.sentosa.com.sg.Moredetailsonmodem-dayPenangcanbefoundatwww.exoticpenang.com.my.
1.SubicBayisfamousfor________.AlushjunglesBknowledgeablelocaltribesmenCjunglesurvivaltoursDjointmilitaryexercises
2.WhatcanatouristexperienceonConegidorIslandATheatmosphereofWorldWarII.BLifeofDouglesMacArthur.CNerve-wrackingbombing.DThewaragainstJapan.
3.FortCornwalliswasfinallybuiltby________.AtheFrancisLightBtheBritishnavyCtheMalaysiannavyDtheprisoners
4.MoreinformationaboutFortSilosoisavailableatwebsite________.Awww.wowphilippines.com.phBwww.corregidorphilippines.comCwww.exoticpenang.com.myDwww.sentosa.com.sg
5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageAVisitorscangathertogetherinthesametunnelswhereAmericangeneralD.MacArthurmadehislaststandinWorldWarII.BManymilitarypersonnelarenowbackonjointmilitaryexercisesinSubicBay.CJunglesurvivaltoursareapopularattractioninManilaBay.DFortCornwallisbuiltbyaBritishnavalofficerin1786andrebuiltbyprisonersoffersagreatviewoftheocean.Questions6-10ItwastheAmericanconsumerwhosavedthecountryfrombecomingmiredinrecessionlastyear.Butsomecorporationshaveastrangewayofexpressingtheirappreciation:hikingfeesandcuttingservicessometimesinthewakeofcorporatemissteps.Massiveeconomicandpoliticalchanges—includingthewavesofcorporatelayoffstheairlinebankruptciesandtheRepublicansweeplastNovember—havecreatedbothopportunitiesandhurdlesforconsumers.Movingforwardthetrickisknowingwhereyoucanexpecttofindthem.Tohelpyounavigatehereareourbestrecommendationsforsavingmoneyin
2003.Throughouttheyearyoumakedownpaymentsonyourcomingtaxbilleitherthroughwithholdingfromyoupaycheckorestimatedquarterlypayments.IfyouhappentogetarefundcheckyouarethrilledrightJustremember:BypayingtoomuchupfrontyouaregivingUncleSamafreeloan—moneythatshouldbeearninginterestforyounotthegovernment.Mosttaxpayersmakethismistakeandthenumbergrowseveryyear.Somepeoplepayasmuchas$150ayeartobeinrewardsprogramsbutagrowingnumberofcardsgiveyouthesamebenefitsforfree.Ifitismilesyouwantthereareatleasttwogoodoptions.TheAmtrakGuestRewardsMasterCardgivesusersonepointintheAmtrakfrequent-travelerprogramforeverydollartheyspend.PointscanbecashedinfortrainticketsorairmilesonUnitedContinentalorMidwestExpress.AmericanExpressofferstheDeltaSkyMilesOptionscreditcardwhichgivescardholdersamileforeverytwodollarsspent.Howeverpeoplewhochargealotwillprobablywanttoponyupthe$85annualfeeforaregularDeltacardwhichoffersmorethantwicethemiles.Dontbuythelatestcellphoneimmediately.Thenewestmodels—theoneswithcolorscreensandhigh-speedWebaccess—arefinallyhittingtheUnitedStates.Ifyoubuynowyoullpayapremium.Analystsexpectthephonestocatchonquicklywhichwillprobablymeanamajorpricedroplaterintheyear.DontassumeTreasurybondsaresafe.UncleSammaynotdefaultonhisinterestpaymentsbutifinterestratesriseT-bondscanstillsuffersevereshort-termlosses.Itshappenedbefore:Longer-termgovernmentbondshavelostmoneyfor9ofpast30yearsevenafterfiguringintheinterestthatinvestorsearned.Donthangontorottenstockshopingtogetbacktoeven.Themarketmayrecoverbutmanyindividualstockswillneverbounceback.WhattodoConsidersellingyourloserswhichwillgiveyouahandsometaxlossifthestocksareheldinataxableaccount.Thenreinvestthemoneyinwell-diversifiedlow-coststockfunds.
6.Thewordhurdlesinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto_________.AchancesBchallengesCtricksDobstacles
7.UncleSampara.4referstothe_________.AAmericangovernmentBAmericanpeopleingeneralCAmericantaxpayersDAmericanbankers
8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthelatestcellphoneAItspricemaydropdramaticallyinthenextfewmonths.BIthasscreensofdifferentcolours.CItisexpectedtobecomepopularsoon.DYouhavetopayforaninsurancepolicyifyoubuynow.
9.Awisewayofreinvestmentisto_________.Abuylong-termgovernmentbondsBbuymorerottenstocksuntiltheygetbacktoevenCsellrottenstocksandbuyvariouslow-coststockfundsDdeposititinthebankbecauseinterestratesmayrise
10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassageATheAmericaneconomywasinrecessionlastyear.BYoushouldcutbackontheamountofyourwithholdingfromyourpaycheck.CAregularDeltacardsavesyoumoremoneythanothercreditcards.DThechancesforlong-termT-bondstosufferlossesareslim.Questions11-15Itseasytotellpeopletomakeexercisepartoftheirdailyroutine.Itsnotsoeasytotellthemwhattodo.Somefolksliketorunmarathonsorclimbmountains.ButifyouwouldrathercareforyourbodywithoutriskinglifeorlimborincreasinglycreakyjointsyoumightconsiderTaiChiChuantheancientmartialartthatlookslikeacrossbetweenshadowboxingandslow-motionballet.TaiChicombinesintensementalfocuswithdeliberategracefulmovementsthatimprovestrengthagilityand—particularlyimportantfortheelderly—balance.PractitionerspraiseTaiChisspiritualandpsychologicalbenefitsbutwhathasattractedtheattentionofwesternscientistslatelyiswhatTaiChidoesforthebody.InmanywaysresearchersarejustcatchinguptowhattensofmillionsofpeopleinChinaandChinatownsaroundtherestoftheworldalreadyknowaboutTaiChi.ScientistsattheOregonResearchInstituteinEugenereportedthatTaiChioffersthegreatestbenefittooldermenandwomenwhoarehealthybutrelativelyinactive.PreviousstudieshaveshownthatTaiChipracticedregularlyhelpsreducefallsamonghealthyseniors.ThenextstepfromascientificpointofviewistodeterminewhetherTaiChicanhelpthosewhoarealreadyfrail.ThereareseveralstylesofTaiChibutmostofthemstartwithaseriesofcontrolledmovementsorformswithnameslikeGraspingtheSparrowsTailandRepulsetheMonkey.Therearemanygoodhow-tobookstogetyoustartedoryoucanchoosefromamongthegrowingnumberofclassesofferedatreccentersandhealthclubsintheU.S.andaroundtheworld.Thesehavetheaddedbenefitofcombininginstructionwithachancetomeetnewpeople.Eitherwaythegoalistomoveatyourownpace.AsTaiChiCulturalCenterinLostAltosCaliforniaputsitPainisnogain.Itcantakeafewmonthsfortheeffectstokickinbutwhentheydotheycanactasagatewaytoanewlifestyle.OncepeoplestartfeelingbettertheyoftenbecomemoreactiveintheirdailylifesaysDr.KarimKhanafamily-practiceandsportsphysicianattheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Anyformofexerciseofcoursecandoonlysomuch.forolderindividualsTaiChiwillnotbetheend-allsaysWilliamHaskellanexpertinchronic-diseasepreventionatStanfordUniversity.ButTaiChipluswalkingwouldbeaverygoodmixture.YoungerpeopleprobablyneedmoreofanaerobicchallengebuttheycanbenefitfromTaiChiscapacitytoreducestress.ThebestthingaboutTaiChiisthatpeopleenjoyitsotheyaremorelikelytostickwithitlongenoughtogetsomebenefit.Ithelpswhensomethingthatsgoodforyouisalsofun.
11.TaiChimovementscanimproveallthefollowingEXCEPT_________.AstrengthBbalanceCnimblenessDintegrity
12.AccordingtosomescientistswhatkindofpeoplecanbenefitmostfromTaiChiAHealthybutrelativelyinactiveoldpeople.BActivebutrelativelyunhealthyoldpeople.CFrailoldpeoplejustreleasedfromhospital.DEnergeticyoungpeople.
13.TheauthormentionsPainisnogainpara.3inordertoadviseyou________.AmoveasslowlyaspossibleBactelegantlyCmeetnewpeopleDfollowyourownpace
14.TaiChicanhelpyoungpeople________.AkeepslimBreducestressCgrowtallerDmeetchallenges
15.Theauthorsmainpurposeofwritingthisarticleis________.AtochallengetheideathatTaiChiisthebestexerciseBtointroduceTaiChitonorthAmericansasagoodexerciseCtoinvitepeopletotakepartinatrainingcourseonTaiChiDtodifferentiateTaiChiwithotherphysicalexercisesQuestions16-20Thestrangefactisthatthelasthundredyearshaveseennotonlythedehumanizingofmanualworkwiththeintroductionofmass-productionmethodsandscientificmanagementandaconsequentreductioninthesatisfactionwhichanindividualcanderivefromtheperformanceofaskilledcraftbutalsouniversalacceptanceoftheideathateveryoneoughttoworkeventhoughtheymayhavenoabsoluteeconomicnecessitytodoso.Eventhosefortunateenoughtoinheritgreatwealthhavebeenunabletoresisttheprevailingclimateofopinionandalargeproportionofthosewhosuddenlyfindthattheynolongerhavetoworkafterwinningalotteryorthefootballpoolsnowchoosetocontinueworkingfindingittoodifficulttosustainalifestylewhichisnotbuiltaroundsomeformofwork.Idontthinkthatweshouldbeundulyimpressedbysurveyswhichclaimtoshowthatthevastmajorityofworkerseveninwhatappeartobethemostsoul-destroyingjobsactuallyenjoytheirwork:theworkersresponsemayjustindicatethattheyarehappytobedoinganyjobatallratherthatapositivefeelingabouttheirparticularwork.Butwedoseemtohavereachedapositionwherepeopleprefertoworkratherthannottoworkandthereasonsforthisarecomplicatedbythefactthatdifferentpeoplelookfordifferentsortsofrewardswhiledifferentpeoplelookfordifferenttypesofsatisfactionintheirwork.AbasictenetofthescientificmanagementpioneeredbyFrederickWinslowTaylorattheendofthe19thcenturywasthatmantheworkerwasarationaleconomiccreaturemotivatedonlybyhispay-packet.AstheoriginalHenryFordputitTheaverageworkerwantsajobintowhichhedoesnothavetoputmuchphysicaleffort.AboveallhewantsajobinwhichhedoesnothavetothinkWhatFordthoughttheaverageworkerdidwantcanbededucedfromthefactthathepaidhisworkersaminimumwagewhichwasmorethantwicethenationalaverage.Moneyiscertainlyaneffectivemotivatorbutitisnottheonlyreasonwhywework.Thereisnodoubtthattheeconomicmotivecanbeoverriddenbyotherconsiderations:forexampleevenwhentheyarebeingpaidaccordingtoindividualproductivitypeopletendtoworkatthesamepaceasthosearoundthemandanumberofstudieshaveshownthattheoutputofateammayactuallyfallwhenitgainsanewmemberwhorefusestoacceptthegroupnormandworksatafasterrate.Beingacceptedasamemberofastableworkinggroupbringsitsownsocialrewardwhichmayexplainwhymanyworkershavemixedfeelingsabouttechnologicaladvancesthatremovethemfromthenoiseanddirtoftheshopfloorandleavetheminsplendidisolationinchargeofamachinewhichcancarryoutthetediousworktheyformerlydid.Itmayalsoaccountforthebehaviourofpeoplewhochoosetoworkeventhoughthereisnoeconomicnecessityforthemtodoso—afterallitisnoteasytobeaplayboywhentherearesofewpeopletoplaywith!
16.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageAScientificmanagementhasmadeitnecessaryforeveryonetowork.BMassproductionmethodsofferlessjobsatisfactionforskilledworkers.CWhattheaverageworkerwantstogetfromhisjobisthepay-packet.DWealthypeoplechoosetoworkbecausetheyfeeluneasyaboutnotworking.
17.MenlikeTaylorandFordbelievedthatthevastmajorityofworkers_________.AenjoytheirworkBworkonlyformoneyCenjoythecompanionshipofthosearoundthemDworkfordifferentpurposes
18.AllofthefollowingarereasonswhypeopleworkEXCEPT_________.AeconomicbenefitsBasenseofbelongingtoagroupCtechnologicaldevelopmentDsocialrewards
19.Inthelastparagraphthephraseshopfloorisbestinterpretedasthe_________.AboardforplacingamachineBmanagementinafactoryCfactoryareawhereproductsaremadeDstorewhereproductsaresold
20.Thepurposeofthearticleis_________.AtocriticizetheinventionofmachineswhichmakeworkersjoblessBtoexplainwhypeoplewanttoworkirrespectiveoftheireconomicstatusCtoquestionthenecessityforpeoplewhocanaffordnottoworktodosoDtocomparethemotivationsofthepoorworkerswiththoseoftherichpeopleQuestions21-25TheinventionofthesnowhousebytheEskimowasoneofthegreatesttriumphsoverenvironmentthatmanhaseveraccomplished.IntheArcticCircleitisnotthatpeoplelackabilityorindustrybutthesurroundingsrestrictconstructiveefforttothebarestnecessitiesofexistence.Agricultureisimpossibleallalongthethousandsofmilesofthenorthshore.Theonlywoodissuchasdriftsin.Otherthanthisdriftwoodtheonlyavailablebuildingmaterialsaresnowicestoneandbonesofanimals.Allofthesehavebeenusedfordwellingsandstorageplacesdifferinginvarioustribesaccordingtotherequirementsandskilloftheworkers.Thelackofnecessarytimberstobuildwallsandspanwidespacesisprobablyonereasonwhythesetribesconstructtheirhousesatleastpartlybeneaththesurfaceoftheground.Thisdevicealsomakesthehousesmoreimpervioustothecold.MostofusareinclinedtothinkthattheEskimolivesalwaysinaniglooorsnowhouse.Thisisnotentirelytrue.Afterthelongcoldwinterthefamilyisveryapttomovewhentheweatherpermitsintoatentofsealskin.Theactualconstructionofsuchtentsissimilartothatusedbyothermoresoutherlytribes.Thesnowhousehoweverisaninterestinganduniquehabitation.Oursummercamperswillnotbuildwithsnowbuttheingeniousnessoftheartisworthrecordingandsomeofourwintercampsinthemountainsmighttrytomakesnowhouses.Itisessentialthatthesnowitselfbeoftherightkind.Itmustbetakenfromabankformedbyasinglestormortheblockswillbreakwhencut.Thesnowmustbeveryfine-grainedbutnottoohardtobecutwithasnowknife.AsPointBarrowAlaskahousesofsnowareusedonlytemporarily;forexampleatthehuntinggroundsontheriversandoccasionallybyvisitorsatthevillagewhopreferhavingtheirownquarters.Thesehousesasnotbuiltinthedomeorbeehiveshape.Thewallsaremadeofblocksofsnowhighenoughsothatapersoncanstandupinsidetherooms.Outsideatthesouthendalownarrowcoveredpassageofsnowleadstoalowdoor.Abovethisisawindowmadeofsealentrails.Thedoorofthehouseisprotectedbyacurtainofcanvas.Attheotherendthefloorisraisedintoakindofsetteeonwhicharelaidboardsandskins.
21.Accordingtotheauthorthebuildingofthesnowhousewasnecessarybecauseof_________.AtheinhabitantslackofabilityandindustryBtheextremecoldtemperaturesCthelargeexpenseinvolvedinshippingrawmaterialstotheArcticCircleDthesurroundingswhichrestrictanybuildingtowhatisessential
22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcommonlyavailableforbuildinghousesintheArcticCircleAStone.BAnimalbones.CTimber.DSnowandice.
23.AfterthelongwinteranEskimofamilyislikelyto_________.AmoveintoasealskintentBbuildanundergrounddwellingCcontinuelivinginthesnowhouseDmovetotownandliveinaregularhouse
24.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageATheconstructionofasealskintentissimilartothatusedbeothertribeswholiveinmoresouthernregion.BThesnowhouseisaninterestinguniqueandingenioushabitation.CSnowhousesarebuiltpartlybelowthesurfaceofthegroundtomakethehousewarmer.DThewindowofasnowhouseismadeofthinsealskin.
25.TheauthorsattitudetowardtheinventionofsnowhousesbyEskimosis_________.AimpartialBadmiringCsympatheticDcriticalQuestions26-30Menhavewalkedonthemoontransplantedheartsandinventedmachinestothinkforthem.Buttheycannotcurethecommoncold.Aspokesmanattheworld-famouscoldresearchcenterinSalisburysoundedunderstandablybad-temperedwhenIspoketohimaboutit.Theyhavebeenworkingontheproblemforyearsbutthemostoptimistichecouldbewastohopethattheywouldfindacurewithinthenext10years.SowhatwastheiradviceoncopingwithacoldmeanwhileIgnoreithesniffed.Inurbanareasweaverageaboutthreecoldsayearandtheyarecausednotbywetfeetorsittinginadraughtbutbyavirusorrathermanyviruseswhicharealwayschangingsothatavaccinepreparedfromoneisuselessagainstthenext.Buteveryyearthepharmaceuticalcompaniesspendmillionsofpoundstryingtopersuadeusthattheirproductswillbanishthemiseriesofsneezingrunningnosessorethroatsheadachesandcoughs.Theyadmittheycantcurethecoldbuttheydopromisetorelievethesymptoms.Welookedat10well-knownbrandsofcoldremediesandaskedadoctortoexplaininlaymenstermsexactlywhattheycontaineachingredientisforandhisopinionontheeffectiveness.Althoughnoneofthepreparationshadexactlythesameingredientstheyfellintocertaincategories.Nearlyallcontainedapainkillereitheraspirinorparacetamol.Thesehelptoreducetemperatureandrelievegeneralachesandpains.Aspirincanirritatethestomachsoparacetamolisgenerallypreferred.Manyalsocontaindecongestantswhichconstrictthebloodvesselsinthenoseandrelievecongestion.Buttheycanraisebloodpressureandshouldbeavoidedbypeoplewithhypertensionoranyheartcomplaint.ThedecongestantinVicksMediniteisknowntocausewakefulnesssoitisstrangetofinditinanight-timeremedy.Butmaybeitiscounterbalancedbytheantihistaminewhichitalsocontainsliketheothernighttimepreparations.Antihistaminesareusedtotreathayfeverandothercomplaintscausedbyallergiesbutforacommoncoldalltheywillprovideissedation.Theyshouldntbemixedwithalcohol.Noneofthepreparationswasharmfulaslongasyouobservedthewarningsonthepacketsanddidnttakethemifyouweresufferingfromcertainconditionswereunderothermedicationorwerepregnant.Buttheworstthingaboutthemwasthecost.Thepharmaceuticalindustrysadvertisingandpackagingeffortshadgrosslyinflatedthepriceofrelativelycheapingredientsandinmanycasesyoucouldgetthesamerelieffromstraightforwardparacetamoltakenwithasoothingwarmdrinkoflemonandhoney.Maybetheoldwiveshaditrightallalongwiththeirremedyofhangingyourhatonthebed-postdrinkingfromabottleofwhiskyuntiltwohatsappearthengoingtobedandstayingthere.Thatsprobablywhattheresearcherswillcomeupwithin10yearstime.
26.IntalkingaboutthetreatmentofcoldaspokesmanatthecoldresearchcenterinSalisburymadeacommentIgnoreitbecausehethoughtthat_________.AthepharmaceuticalcompanieschangetoomuchfortheremediesBoptimismisthebestmedicinetocuringthecommoncoldCitwouldbeimpossibletofindacoldcureintenyearstimeDremediesforcoldareharmfultohealth
27.Paracetarnolispreferabletoaspirinbecauseit________.AdoesnotaffectyourstomachBkillspainCreducestemperatureDdoesnotraiseyourbloodpressureforthetreatmentofacold
28.Ifyousufferfromhearttroubleitisunwisetotake________.AaspirinBantihistaminesCdecongestantsDparacetamol
29.Antihistaminesaredangerousforpeoplewho________.AareallergictopollenBsufferfromhypertensionCsufferfromsleeplessnessDtakethemwiththeoldwivesremedy
30.Thewritersmaincriticismofthepharmaceuticalindustryisthatit________.AchargestoomuchforitsproductsBclaimsitsproductscurecoldCclaimsitsproductsrelievecoldsymptomsDdoesnotwarnpeopleofthemedicalrisksinvolvedSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLETTheexpansionoftheuniversitiessincethebeginningofWorldWarIIandthegreatincreaseinthenumberofcollegegraduatesandPh.D.shaveproducedacorpsoftechniciansaidesspeechwriterssymbolmanufacturersinvestigatorsandpolicyproposerswhoarenowemployedbypracticalmeninallinstitutions.Thesepeoplecalledintellectualsinthesensethattheydealwithsymbolsandideashavebecomeprofessionalizedinexactlythesamesenseastheengineer.Unliketheengineerhowevertheseprofessionalintellectualsarefreefrommuchoftheroutinegrindofdailywork:theycarrylightteachingloadandenjoygovernmentandfoundationgrantsandsubsidiesfortheirresearch.Theprofessorsprojectbudgetistheinitialeconomicbasethatsupportshisindependencewithintheuniversity.Theprojectbudgetsustainsboththeexistenceofgraduatestudentsandthefiscalsolvencyoftheuniversitywhichtakesapercentageoverheadoutofeveryprojectbudget.Themajorfeatureofprojectmoneywhetheritssourceisgovernmentorbusinessisthatitisgivenonacontractualbasisadifferentcontractforeachprojectsothattheinvestigatorsindependencerestsuponhiscapacitytosecureasuccessionofcontracts.Theabilitytosecurecontractsisagenuinetalentamongprofessionalintellectuals.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.经过二十多年的快速发展,中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础,社会保持稳定,市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善,为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境中国政府坚持实行以扩大内需为主的发展方针,并把扩大内需与调整经济结构、推动科技进步、促进对外开放结合起来随着西部大开发战略的稳步推进,西部地区的资源优势、经济优势将得到充分发挥,经济增长的质量和水平将进一步提高参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.recentsurvey
11.outlinedfortheeconomy
2.80%
12.usedtobe
3.extensivelynetworked
13.scientificandacademic
4.globestructure
14.commercialeducationalpurposes
5.insure
15.widerange
6.theoperatingstandard
16.languagepreference
7.majordriver
17.Available
8.onlyreflects
18.Preference
9.connectedto
19.Spanishspeaker
10.maywellpredict
20.maintainpagesPartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.B
2.B
3.A
4.D
5.A
6.A
7.C
8.D
9.C
10.B
2.TalksandConversations
11.B
12.A
13.D
14.C
15.C
16.D
17.B
18.D
19.B
20.D
21.B
22.C
23.A
24.A
25.C
26.A
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.APartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1你住展览中心对面的希尔顿酒店,我住在几个街区外的皇后酒店2你大概以前在中资单位工作,现在却在英资单位工作,你是否发现在管理方面有什么差异?365%以上我与其交谈的人对人口控制的必要性了解,而剩下的却并不认为应考虑此问题4到十月底我为这家公司效力已有8年了,我估计应晋升了5全球经济给我们人民及几十亿人创造更多的就业机会并让我们更好地生活及抚养家庭
2.PassageTranslation1在日本的东京,大多数人仍然一周工作六天,一个典型商人的一天开始于冗长的郊区工作旅途,然后就长时间地忙于工作在晚上他也许会与几个同事光顾500000家餐厅中的某一家他很少有时间可以呆在家中,但人们还是乐意这么生活因为这意味着这样他们能更好的工作2我想病人是人,并不是编号我记得在1993年父亲去世前,他去见一位医生,这位医生是接替以前长期给他治疗的医生,他走进候诊室,里面没有人他于是按下一个按钮,自动应答机问他是谁父亲说跟你没关系,我走了我想许多人都有这样不想被当作编号的感觉,我们也特别不希望我们亲人被当作编号在美国的医院里SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.C
2.A
3.D
4.D
5.C
6.D
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.B
11.D
12.A
13.D
14.B
15.B
16.A
17.B
18.C
19.C
20.B
21.D
22.C
23.A
24.D
25.B
26.C
27.A
28.C
29.C
30.ASECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】第二次世界大战之后,大学的数目不断增长,本科、甚至是博士毕业生也与日俱增,从而催生了大批的技术人员、助手、演讲稿撰写人,徽章生产商,调查人员和政策研究员,效力于各类研究所中这些人员主要和符号概念打交道,因而也称为知识分子,现在已与工程师一样高度专业化然而,这些专业知识分子不同于工程师,他们仅承担少量教学工作,同时享受政府研究津贴或补贴,从而从繁重的日常工作中解脱了出来教授项目预算是其最初的经济基础,使得教授得以在大学里保持独立项目预算决定了研究生是否存在,大学是否具有资金偿还能力,而且大学的资金偿还在整个项目预算中占有重要比重不论项目资金来自政府或者商界,都以合约的形式存在,不同的项目有不同的合约,如果调研人员要取得独立,就必须能够取得连续的研究项目获得研究项目是知识分子的一种真正才能SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】Thankstotherapideconomicdevelopmentinthepast20-plusyearsarelativelysolidfoundationintermsofmaterialwealthandtechnologywaslaidinthewesternregionofChinawiththesocietyenjoyingarathersatisfactorystabilityandthemarketeconomysystembeingestablishedandimprovedonadailybasisprovidingagreatmarketenvironmentforthewesternregiontomaintainthesustainedeconomicgrowth.WhilefocusingonitspolicyofexpandingdomesticdemandtheChinesegovernmentattachesgreatimportancetotherestructuringoftheeconomythepromotionofthescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentthedeepeningoftheopening-upaswell.Withthesteadyadvanceinthedevelopmentofthewesternregiontheadvantagesoftheregioninresourcesandeconomicdevelopmentwillbegivenfullplaythusfurtheracceleratingtheeconomicgrowth.2004年3月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouANSWERBOOKLET.Rememberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.WhatisagestureAgestureisamovementofthehandorbodythatexpresses______1orintention.Itisanactionthatsendsa______2fromonepersontoanother.Tobecomeagestureanacthastobeseenbysomeoneelseandhasto______3somepieceofinformationtothem.Therearesomegestureshoweverthathave______4dependingonwhenandwheretheyareused.WhenanAmericanwantstosignalthatsomethingisOK______5heraiseshishandandmakesacirclewithhisthumbandforefinger.Thiscircle-signhas______6forhimandhemightbesurprisedto______7thatinothercountriesitcanmeansomethingverydifferent.InJapanforinstanceitisthegestureformoney.______8itmeanszeroorworthless.Suchdifferencescanofcourseleadto______9whenforeignersmeetButwhyisitthatthesamegesturebassomanydifferentmeaningsWhensomepeoplewanttoshowthatsomethingis______10theymakeasigntoshowtheyareholding______11betweenthetipsoftheirthumbandforefinger.Manypeoplefromallovertheworld______12whenemphasizingacertainpointastheyspeak.Theobjecttheyholdis______13andtheysimplyperformtheactionofholdingit.Inthiswaythey______14withthethumbandforefinger.InAmericathisunconsciousgesturegrewintoa______15meaningexactlyrightorperfect.Thiswashowthe______16wasborn.TheJapanesesignformoneycomesfromacompletelydifferentsource.______17andcoinsareround.Thereforemakinga______18cameto.symbolizemoney.Itisassimpleasthat.TheFrenchsignfornothingorworthlessalso______19asimplesource.Thistimehoweverthecircledoesnotrepresentacoinitonlyindicatesnought.Noughtmeansnothing______
20.PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.ADorispointedoutwherethekeywas.BDorisdoesntwanttobeappointed.CDorisisusuallyapunctualperson.DDorisdoesntknowshehasanappointment.
2.AEventhoughthecararrivedearlythemeetingbeganlate.BThemeetingwaspostponedalthoughwesetoffearlytoday.CWeleftearlytodayforthemeetingbutweweredelayed.DWestartedourjourneyearlysowewereearlyforthemeeting.
3.AThreeyearslaterthestockmarketcrashed.BHalfofthestocksinthemarketweredevaluedwithinfiveyears.CAbout50%ofriteproductsweremoreexpensivethantheyhadbeen3yearsbefore.DThecountrysGNPwasreducedbynearly50%inthreeyears.
4.ATonywontreceiveadditionalpaymentnomatterhowhardheworks.BTonycouldntunderstandwhyhisbossisnotsatisfiedwithhissuccessCTonyisunabletomeethissalesquotathisyearbecauseoftheextraloadofwork.DTonyisconfidentthathisworkwillsavethefirmfrombankruptcy.
5.AEveryoneknewthatJenniferwastheCEOssecretaryinDetroit.BJenniferdidntmeetthewell-knownCEOfromtheheadquartersCTheCEOwasawaytomeetJenniferinourheadquartersinDetroit.DTheDetroitheadquartershaddecidedtoappointJennifertobeaCEO.
6.AThemanagerhasrefusedtoseeyouoffattheairport.BThemanagerwillbedealingwithsomethingurgentinprison.CThemanagerwillbeattendingawelcomepartyattheairport.DThemanagerhastocancelherpreviousarrangement.
7.AThedirectortoldthesecretarytofinishthesurveyreportontime.BThedirectortoldthesecretarytowindtheclockintheoffice.CThedirectortoldthesecretarytotakethereporthome.DThedirectortoldthesecretarynottorushforthesurveyreport.
8.AWeintendtowithdrawfundonthatprojectforitisnecessarytodoso.BWeshouldproceedwiththeprojectalthoughwehavedifficulties.CWedecidetogiveuptheprojectsothatwecanworkonanewone.DWehavetorejectthegiftandcontinuetoraisemoneyforthatprojectofours.
9.AHighproductivitymayhavenegativeeffectsonourownexistence.BMoreandbettergoodsandservicescanraiseourlivingstandards.CTherisingpricesofgoodsandservicesmayleadtothedamageofourenvironment.DWeshouldproducehigh-qualitygoodstoprotectournaturalresources.
10.AAfterthreeyearsofhardworkIhavebeenpromotedtodepartmenthead.BAfteryearsofworkIthinkIneedtotalkwithsomeoneaboutmycareer.CThedepartmentheadhasruthlesslyturneddownmyrequestforasalaryraise.DThedepartmentheadhaspostponedthepromotioncampaignformonths.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:InthispartofthetestyouwillhearSeveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsOnlyONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AInheroffice.BInacinema.CInherhome.DInarestaurant.
12.ATheassistantmanagerhasmadeanappointmentwithher.BMr.Brownisgoingtopayavisittoherhouse.CThemanhasbeenlateforacoupleoftimes.DShehastoreturnhomefirsttochangeherdress.
13.ATheywillgotoaparty.BTheywillattendafashionshow.CTheywillseeafilm.DTheywillgohome.
14.ABecauseitistheironlynighttogether.BBecauseitisthelastnightforthefilmshow.CBecauseitistheirweddinganniversary.DBecauseitisachancetoseethewomaninuniform.Questions15-
1815.AItslonghistory.BItslargelibrary.CItscollegesystem.DItsadmissionqualifications.
16.ATheaccommodation.BTheawardofdegrees.CTheexaminations.DTheprogrammeofstudies.
17.ATheyarebetterthanthoseofotheruniversities.BTheyareopentoallthestudentsoftheuniversity.CTheycanbeattendedbystudentsofaparticularstudy.DTheyaregivenonceaweekaccordingtothetutorsadvice.
18.AIntheFellowsClub.BAttherestaurant.CInthecollegechapel.DOncollegecampus.Questions19-
2219.ABecauseshewasnotinahurry.BBecauseshewantedtosavemoney.CBecauseshecouldenjoysightseeing.DBecauseshelivednearthebusstop.
20.ATaxis.BTherailway.CThetube.DDouble-deckers.
21.AToshowtheexcellenceofitsinternationalairservice.BTostresstheimportanceofitsstrategicposition.CTocontrastitwithinternalairserviceofothercities.DToprovideananswertotheproblemoftrafficcongestion.
22.AItsadvancedtechnology.BItsgeographicallocation.CItschangingclimate.DItsdemandforoilintheNorthSea.Questions23-
2623.APresidentRooseveltsdeath.BPresidentJohnsonslastdays.CEleanorRooseveltsretirement.DPresidentsafterWorldWarII.
24.APoorpeople.BMigrantworkers.CFemalejournalists.DCivilrightsactivists.
25.ABecauseofhisoldage.BBecauseofhishealth.CBecauseofhispositionasUSpresident.DBecauseofhisnoblefamilytradition.
26.AHowtodefeattheenemyinthewar.BHowtoscoremoreinapokergame.CWhattosaytomakeotherslaugh.DWhattodrinktoreplenishoneself.Questions27-
3027.ABecausehedoesntwanttostayinBangkok.BBecauseheistiredofsurfacetransport.CBecauseheisafraidofgettingseasickness.DBecausehehastobebackbynextTuesday.
28.ATheyhavedebtstopayoff.BTheyliveinasmallflatCTheybothworkinafirm.DTheybothenjoytravelbyair.
29.AReadingnewspapersandmagazines.BWatchingsurfacetransportontheseaandground.CLunchingonaspecialkindoffishpie.DEatinganddrinkinghisfavorites.
30.AItisapopularmeansoftransport.BItisnobetterthansurfacetransport.CItissaferthanothermeansoftransport.DItisnolongerenjoyableandconvenient.PartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5Faceslikefingerprintsareunique.DidyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeopleEvenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchild—orevenananimalsuchasapigeon—canlearntorecognizefaces.Wealltakethisabilityforgranted.Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.Whenwetalkaboutsomeonespersonalitywemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheactsspeaksthinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.Likethehumanfacehumanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeonespersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisface.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhatanicefacelookedlikeyouprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribeanicepersonyoumightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskindconsideratefriendlywarmandsoforth.Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinksfeelsandacts.GordonPortsanAmericanpsychologistfoundnearly18000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeoplesbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribingortypinghispersonality.Bookwormsconservativesmilitarytypes—peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.Peoplehavealwaystriedtotypeeachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillainsortheherosrole.InfactthewordspersonandpersonalitycomefromtheLatinpersonameaningmask.Todaymosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthegoodguysfromthebadguysbecausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.
1.Themainideaofthispassageis______.AhowtodistinguishpeoplesfacesBhowtodescribepeoplespersonalityChowtodistinguishpeoplebothinwardlyandoutwardlyDhowtotellgoodpersonsfrombadpersonswithoutwearingmasks
2.Theauthorismostprobablya______.AlinguistBplasticsurgeonCmanagerDsociologist
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueAPeoplemayhavedifferentpersonalities.BPeopledifferfromeachotherinappearance.CPeoplecanlearntorecognizehumanfaces.DPeoplecandescribeallhumanfeaturesofothers.
4.Thereasonthatitiseasiertodescribeonespersonalityinwordsthanonesfaceisthat______.AmanywordsareavailabletodescribepersonalityBapersonspersonalityiseasilydistinguishedCpeoplespersonalitiesareverymuchalikeDapersonsfaceismorecomplexthanhispersonality
5.Welearnfromthepassagethatpeopleareclassifiedaccordingto______.AtheirwayofwearingmasksBtheirwayofspeakingandplayingCtheirknowledgeandbehaviorDtheirphysicalappearanceandpersonalityQuestions6-10Beforewheneverwehadhealthwestateddiscussingpoverty.WhynonowWhyisthecurrentpoliticsofwealthandpovertyseeminglyaboutwealthaloneEightyearsagowhenBillClintonfirstranforpresidenttheDowJonesaveragewasunder3500yearlyfederalbudgetdeficitswereprojectedathundredsofbillionsofdollarsforeverandbeyondandnoonetalkedaboutthepermanentboomortheneweconomy.YetinthatmorestraitenedtimeClintonmademuchoftheimportanceofnotleavingasinglepersonbehind.Itispossiblethatsimilarcompassionaterhetoricmightyetplayaroleinthegeneralelection.Butitisstrikinghowmuchlesstalkthereisaboutthepoorthantherewaseightyearsagowhenthecountrywaseconomicallyuncertainorinpreviouseraswhenthecountryfeltflush.EvenlastsummerwhenClintonspentseveraldaysonaremarkableBobbyKennedy-likepilgrimagethroughimpoverishedareasfromIndianreservationsinSouthDakotatoghettoneighborhoodsinEastSt.Louistheadministrationdecidedtorefertotheeffortnotasapovertytourbutasanewmarketsinitiative.Whatishappeningispartlyalogicalpolicy-drivenreaction.Povertyreallyislowerthanithasbeenindecadesespeciallyforminoritygroups.Themostattractivesolutiontoit—agrowingeconomy—isbeingapplied.Thepeoplewhohavebeentotallyleftoutofthisboomoftenhavemedicalmentalorotherproblemsforwhichnoonehasanimmediatesolution.TheeconomyhassuckedinanyonewhohasanypreparationanyabilitytocopewithmodernlifesaysFranklinD.RainestheformerdirectoroftheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwhoisnowheadofFannieMae.Whenheandotherpeoplewhospecializeintheissuetalkaboutsolutionstheytalkanalyticallyandlong-term:educationdevelopmentofworkskillsshiftsinthelabormarketadjustmentinwelfarereform.ButIthinkthereisanotherforcethathasmadethisaricherawithbarelyvisiblepoorpeople.ItistheunusualsocialandimaginativeseparationbetweenprosperousAmericaandthosestillleftout....Itssimpleinvisibilitybecauseofincreasinggeographicoccupationandsocialbarriersthatblockonegroupfromtheothersview.
6.Themainideaofthepassageisthat______.AThecountyisenjoyingeconomicgrowthBThepoorarebenefitingfromtodaysgoodeconomyCWeweremoreawareofthepoorthanwearetodayDThereweremanymorepoorpeopletantherearetoday
7.Theorganizationalpatternofthefirsttwoparagraphsofthispassageis______.AorderofimportanceBcomparisonandcontrastCchronologicalorderDclassificationanddivision
8.Inline6ofthefirstparagraphthewordstraitenedmeans______.AprosperousBdifficultCrelaxingDsignificant
9.Fromthispassagewecanconcludethat______.AthestatusquooftherichandthepoorhaschangedBthegoodandprosperouseconomywillsoonendCpovertywillberemovedasaresultofincreasedwealthDallpeoplebenefitfromgoodeconomicconditions
10.Accordingtotheauthoroneimportantreasonthatwedonottalkmuchaboutpovertyisthat______.AnooneknowswhattodoaboutitBpovertyreallyislowerthaninthepastCnoonehasbeenleftoutofthecurrentboomDthepresidentisnotconcernedaboutthepoorQuestions11-15OurvisittotheexcavationofaRomanfortonahillnearCoventrywasofmorethanarchaeologicalinterest.Theyearsdighadbeenafruitfuloneandhadassembledevidenceofapermanentmilitarycampmuchlargerthanhadatfirstbeenconjectured.Weweregreetedonthesitebyagroupofexcavatorssomeofthemfillinginatrenchthathadyieldedanalmostcompletepotthedaybeforeothersenjoyingthelast-dayluxuryofacigaretteinthesunbutallhappytoexplainandtalkabouttheirwork.Ifwehadnotalreadyknownitnothingwouldhavesuggestedthatthiswasapartyofprisonersfromthenearbyprison.Thisisnotthefirsttimethatprisonlabourhasbeenusedinworkofthiskindbutheretheexperimentnowtwoyearsoldhasprovedoutstandinglysatisfactory.Fromthearchaeologistspointofviewprisonersprovideasteadyforceofdisciplinedlabourthroughouttheentireseasonmentowhomitisaseriousdaysworkandnottherathercarefreeholidayjobthatittendstobefortheamateurarchaeologist.Newcomersarecomparativelyfewandcansoonbeinitiatedbythosealreadytrainedinthework.Prisonersmayalsobemoreaccustomedtoheavyworklikeshovellingandcartingsoilthanthemajorityofstudentsandtheyalsoformafaircross-sectionofthepopulationandcanfurnishmenwhosespecialskillsmakethemvaluableassurveyorsdraughtsmenofpotteryrestorers.WhenCoventrysKeeperofArchaeologywenttotheprisontoappealforhelphewasreceivedcautiouslybythemenbutwhentheimportanceoftheworkwasfullyunderstoodfarmorevolunteerswereforthcomingthencouldactuallybeemployed.Whentheygottoworkonthesiteandtheireffortsproducedpotteryandbuildingfoundationsinwhatuntillastyearhadbeenanordinaryfieldtheirenthusiasmgrewtilltheywouldsometimesworkthroughtheirlunchhourandteabreakandevencarryonintherainratherthansititoutinthehut.Thiswasundoubtedlybecausetheworkwasnotonlystrenuousbutabsorbingandcalledforconsiderableintelligence.Themenworkedalwaysunderprofessionalsupervisionbutastheseasonwentontheyneededlessguidanceandknewwhenanexpertshouldbesummoned.Disciplinaryproblemswerenegligible:themenwerecarefullyselectedfortheirgoodconductandworkingonapartylikethiswastoovaluableaprivilegetobethrownaway.TheKeeperofArchaeologysaidthatthiswasbyfarthemostsatisfactoryformoflabourthathehadeverhadandthatithadproducedresultsinquantityandqualitythatcouldnothavebeenachievedbyanyothermeans.AturfandtimberfortbuiltneartheRomanhighwaythroughthemiddleofEnglandinthefirstcenturyA.D.hadbeenexcavatedoveranareaof14000squarefeetandasectionofturframpartandpalisadefullyreconstructedbymethodsidenticaltothoseemployedbytheRomanarmy.TherestorationoftheRomanfortisbeingfinancedbyCoventryCorporationaspartofaplantocreatealeisureamenityarea.Tothisprojectprisonershavecontributedworkwhichotherwisewouldnothavebeenperformedandwhichbenefitsthewholecommunity.
11.Thevisittotheexcavationsitewas______.AofpurelyarchaeologicalinterestBfruitfulbecauseacompletepotwasdiscoveredCinterestinginmorethanonewayDmadebyagroupofprisoners
12.Itcanbeassumedthatarchaeologists______.AfoundthattheprisonersworkedfarbetterthanstudentsBdidnotliketheprisonerscarefreeattitudetoworkCwerewillingtotakeonlyafewprisonerstoworkonthesiteDwereoftenforcedtodisciplinetheprisoners
13.Prisonersdemonstratedtheirattitudetoworkby______.AspendingmostoftheirtimesittinginahutBinsistingonprofessionalguidanceCtakingnoinitiativeDworkingvoluntarily
14.Whenprisonerswereselectedforthework______.Amanyofthemrefusedtoco-operateBtheirpreviousbehaviourwastakenintoaccountCtheyweretoldtheymustworkinallweathersDtheywerewarnedthattherewouldbenoprivileges
15.TheKeeperofArchaeologysaidthat______.AhehadexpectedmoreoftheforttoberevealedBthepalisadewasveryprimitiveConlyprisonlabourcouldproducesuchgoodresultsDthemethodstoconstructtheRomanfortwereprovedidenticalQuestions16-20FlatswerealmostunknowninBritainuntilthe1850swhentheyweredevelopedalongwithotherindustrialdwellingsforthelaboringclasses.Thesevastblockswereplainlyaconvenientmeansofeasingsocialconsciencebyhousinglargenumbersoftheever-presentpooroncompactcitysites.Duringthe1880showevertheideaoflivingincomfortableresidentialchamberscaughtonwiththeaffluentupperanduppermiddleclassesandcontroversyastotheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofflatlifewasatopicofconversationaroundmanyarespectabledinner-table.InParisandothermajorEuropeancitiesthecustomwherebythebetter-offlivedinapartmentsorflatswaswellestablished.UptothelatenineteenthcenturyinEnglandonlybachelorbarristershadestablishedthetraditionoflivinginroomsneartheLawCourt:anyself-respectingheadofhouseholdwouldinsistuponaWestEndtownhouseashisLondonhomethebestthathismeanscouldprovide.Thepopularityofflatsforthebetter-offseemstohavedevelopedforanumberofreasons.Firstperhapsthroughtheintroductionoftherailwayswhichhadenabledawiderangeofpeopletoenjoyaholidaystayinginasuiteatoneoftheluxuryhotelswhichhadbeguntospringupduringthepreviousdecade.Hencenodoubtthefactthatmanyoftheearlyluxuryflatsweresimilartohotelsuitesevenbeingprovidedwithcommunaldining-roomsandcentralboilersforhotwaterandheating.Rentstendedtobehightocoveroverheadsbutsavingsweremadepossiblebythesecommunalamenitiesandbytenantsbeingabletoreducethenumberoffamilyservants.OneoftheearliestsubstantialLondondevelopmentsofflatsforthewell-to-dowasbegunsoonafterVictoriaRailwayStationwasopenedin1860asthetrainserviceprovidedanefficientlinkwithboththeCityandtheSouthofEngland.VictoriaStreetadjacenttoboththeStationandWestminsterhadalreadybeenformedandunderthedirectionofthearchitectHenryAshtonwasbeinglinedwithblocksofresidentialchambersintheParisianmanner.Theseflatswerecommodiousindeedofferingbetweeneightandfifteenroomsapieceincludingappropriatedomesticoffices.TheideawasanemphaticdeparturefromthetraditionoftheLondonhouseandachievedimmediatesuccess.PerhapsthemostnotableblockinthevicinitywasQueenAnnesMansionspartlydesignedbyE.R.Robsonin1884andrecentlydemolished.FormanyyearsthiswasLondonsloftiestbuildingandhadstrongclaimstobetheugliest.TheblockwasbegunasawildspeculationmodelledontheAmericanskyscraperandwasnearly200feethigh.Thecliff-likewallsofdingybrickcompletelyovershadowedthemodestthoroughfarenearby.Althoughbleakoutsidethemansionflatswerepalatialwithinwithsumptuouslyfurnishedcommunalentertaininganddiningroomsandliftstotheuppermostfloors.ThesuccessofthesetallblocksofflatscouldnothavebeenachievedofcoursewithouttheinventionoftheliftorascendingcarriageasitwascalledwhenfirstusedintheStrandLawCourtsinthe1870s.
16.FlatsfirstappearedinBritaininthemiddleofthe19thcenturywhen______.AtheywereprincipallybuiltforthosefamilieswithseveralservantsBpeoplewerenotconsciousofthecrowdedhousingofthelesswell-to-doCtherewasincreasingconcernoveraccommodationforthepoorDpeoplebecameconsciousofthesocialneedsoftheruralpopulation
17.Englishupper-middle-classfamiliespreferredto______.AlivemainlyoutsideLondonwhereitwashealthierandcheaperBliveneartheirworkingplaceCliveintheWestEndDliveinLondonbutmainlynotintheWestEnd
18.OneeffectoftherailwayscomingtocentralLondonwastostimulatethebuildingof______Alargeandwell-appointedhotelsBblocksofself-containedflatsCrowsofeleganttownhousesDflatssimilartohotelsuites
19.TheimmediatesuccessoftheflatsinVictoriaStreetcouldbeattributedto______.AtheirFrenchstyleofarchitectureBtheirrevolutionarystyleofarchitectureCtheeasewithwhichtheycouldbeusedasofficesDtheunusualnumberofroomseachflatcontained
20.HowdoesthewriterrefertotheinteriorandexteriorofQueenAnnesMansionsATheywereelegantlydecoratedbothinsideandoutside.BTheyweregrimfromtheoutsideandhadamodestdecorinside.CTheywereflashyfromthestreetbutnondescriptinside.DTheywereplainoutsidebutwithlavishinteriors.Questions21-25Troubledbythepoorperformanceoftheirinvestmentsmanypeoplearetakingstepstohalterosionoftheirsavingsandrethinktheirfinancialplans.Theyarenotsurewhattodotomaximizereturnsinlightofstockmarketfluctuationsnewtaxlawslowinterestratesandskyrocketingrealestatevalues.OnanemotionallevelpeoplearepetrifiedofmakingamistakeandlosingmoremoneysaysfinancialcounselorDeniseHughes.Thedo-it-yourselfinvestorofthe1990sismorecomfortablenowdoingnothing.Butdoingnothingisntbetterthandoingsomethingsmartespeciallyascollegeweddingsandretirementloom.Hereswhatfinancialadvisorsarerecommendingtotheirclients:PlanforfinancialaidMostparentsdontsavenearlyenoughforchildrenseducation.Theyassumethatinvestingina529collegeplanisthebestplaceforyoursavingsWhilea529planofferstax-freegrowthandwithdrawalsforcollegecosts—andinsomecasesataxdeduction—collegeslookatthesesavingswhensizingupeligibilityandhowmuchtheywillforkover.ThesamescrutinyisgiventofundssavedinaCoverdellIRAandinanaccountopenedinyourchildsname.Dosaveaggressivelyforcollegeinataxableaccountinyournameifyourhouseholdincomeisbelow$
100000.Inthiscaseyourchildwilllikelyqualifyforsomefinancialaid.Doinvestina529savingsplanifyourincomeishigherthan$100000andwilllikelyremainatorabovethatlevelwhenyourchildenterscollege.Inthiscasethe529planisgreatbecauseyouprobablywontqualifyforfinancialaidanyway.ExpectupsanddownsStungbythreestraightyearsofstockmarketdeclinesmanypeoplehavebeenshiftingtolower-riskinvestments.Butjustastakingtoomuchriskcanhurtyourportfoliosgrowthratesocanhidingoutinultrasafeinvestments;paying1%orless.Doconsiderinvestinginfundsthatyoullholdontoformorethanayear.Underthenewtaxlawlong-termcapitalgainsaretaxedatamaximumof15%downfrom20%.Dolookatstockfundsthatpaydividends.DividendsonstocksusedtobetaxedatyourpersonalincometaxrateUnderthenewlawtheyarenowtaxedatnomorethan15%.Investinginthesefundswillnotonlyholddowntaxesbutalsosustainyourportfoliosvalueintoughtimes.ForgethighfeesOverthenexttenyearsachievingthekindofdouble-digitreturnsweexperiencedoverthepast20yearswillbemuchharderpredictsHaroldEvenskyacertifiedfinancialplanner.Inthe1990stheaveragerateofreturnforaportfolioallocated60%tostocksand40%tobondswas
13.2%aftertaxesandtransactionexpenses.Overthecomingdecadethisrateisexpectedtobecloserto
5.5%asthe50-yearhistoricalaveragereturnstotheneighborhoodof8%.Dontpayunnecessarilyhighinvestmentcostsandfees.Forexampleifyoucansavehalfapercentagepointonyourfundexpenseratiothefeethatfundschargeyoueachyeartomanageyourmoneyyouraverageinvestmentreturncouldbe6%insteadof5%hesays.FeatheryournesteggDoestimatehowmuchcashyoullneedeachyeartosustainyourstandardoflivingwhenyoureachretirementandwithdrawfromyourIRAandyourotherretirementaccounts.Withthisyearlysuminmindcalculatehowbigyournestegghastobetoproducethatincomestreamassumingthatyourportfoliosvalueearnsaconservative5%to6%ayear.
21.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheinvestorsofthe1990s?ATheymightneedprofessionalhelp.BTheyliveacomfortablelifenowwithnothingtodo.CTheyareafraidofmakingwrongdecisionsandlosingmoney.DTheyaretryingtoprotectwhattheymakeandsaveratherthantakingrisks.
22.Accordingtothepassagea529savingsaccount______.Aisthebestchoiceforlow-incomefamiliesBofferstax-freegrowthandwithdrawalsCworksbestforthosewhoarenotqualifiedforfinancialaidDshouldstartinyourchildsname
23.AccordingtotheexpertwhichofthefollowingcanhelpyourportfoliosreturnratetogrowAAllocating40%ofyourportfoliotostocksand60%tobonds.BHidingoutinultra-safeinvestmentspaying1%orless.CInvestinglongterminfundsthatpaydividends.DMakinghigh-riskandhigh-returninvestments.
24.OnaverageaccordingtotheexpertshowmuchcanyouexpectofaninvestmentreturninthenearfutureABelow1%.BAbout6%.CAbove8%.DCloseto
13.2%.
25.WhatdoesIRAmostprobablyrefertoAInvestmentReturnAid.BIndividualRetirementAccount.CIndividualRefundAmount.DInvestmentandRetirementAid.Questions26-30Thinkingabouttheupcomingholidayshasgivenmeaseriouscaseofmixedfeelings.Imdelightedthatseveralofmyout-of-townrelativesarearrivinginDecemberforanextendedvisit.Imnotsothrilledaboutalltheexcessfoodthatsheadedmyway.Mymetabolism—neververyracytobeginwith—downshiftedagearortwoonceIhit
40.SincethenIvelearnedtopaycloseattentiontowhatIeatandhowmuchIexercisesoIdontconsumemorecaloriesthanIburn.Thatsnotgoingtobeeasythisyear.Thefloodoffreefoodattheofficebeganearlierthanever—startingwithleftoverHalloweencandy.SomeofitIconfesssuppliedbyme.IlovebreakingbreadwithfamilyandfriendsanddontthinkanyoneshouldmisscelebratingHanukkahKwanzaChristmasIdal-Fitroranyotherholiday.Butletsfaceit:allittakestogainonepound
0.45kgistoconsume3500morecaloriesthanyouexpend.Spreadoutoverthe40noshingdaysbetweenThanksgivingandNewYearsthatsfewerthan90caloriesadayorjustoneofmyfavoritePepperidgeFarmLidocookies—andwhocaneatjustoneofthoseOnepoundisntgoingtokillanyonebutanextrapoundeveryyearfor20yearsjustmight.ThisyearIswearisgoingtobedifferent.AftertalkingwithNeldaMercerandDianeQuaglianiregistereddieticiansandspokeswomenfortheAmericanDieteticAssociationIveworkedoutaplantoavoidholidayblimping.Ifthatsoundslikeagoodideatoyouhereareafewtipstohelpseeyouthroughthenextseveralweeks:BEREALISTIC.NoonedropswaistsizesinNovemberandDecember.Consideryourselfwildlysuccessfulifyousimplyhaventgainedanyweightbytheendoftheyear.KEEPMOVING.Exerciseisoftenthefirstthingthatgoesintheholidayrush.Aimforatleast30min.Ofphysicalactivitybriskwalkingbicycling;swimmingadaymostdaysoftheweek.Ifyoudontalreadyexerciseregularlystartslowlyandbuildupgradually.Weighttrainingisagreatwaytokick-startafalteringmetabolismbutanyexercisewillalsohelprelievestress.GODANCING.Youllburnanother200to400caloriesanhourandhavefundoingit.BESELECTIVE.Scanthewholebuffettablefirstthenchooseonlyafewitems.TREATYOURSELF.Dontdenyyourselfafavoritedelicacy.Youllonlycraveitmore.Justkeeptheportionsizestiny.Takeabiteortwoandsavorthememory.PRACTICEYOUREXCUSES.Myfavorites:IcouldnteatanotherslicebutwouldlovetohavetherecipeorWouldyoumindifItooksomeofthishomeinsteadGIVEYOURSELFABREAK.Ifyouoverindulgetodaydontdwellonthelapse.Justdobettertomorrow.DONTOVERIMBIBE.Hereareacouplemorereasons.A4-oz.glassofwinecontains100calories;acupofspikedeggnogcaneasilytop350calories.DONTGETDOWN.Alotofusfeelalittleblueduringtheholidays.Keepyourspiritsupwithbubblebathswalksinthewoodsandmaybeevenvolunteeringforalocalcharityorreligiousorganization.Rememberthistimeofyearisdedicatedtofamilyandfriends.Focusonnourishingrelationshipstomakeyourholidayshappierandhealthier.
26.WhichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassageAHowtoloseweightduringholidays.BHowtoavoidgainingweightduringholidays.CHowtospendtheupcomingholidays.DHowtokeepfitbyexercising.
27.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageAItooksomeHalloweencandytotheoffice.BIstartedtopayattentiontomyweightattheageof
40.CToavoidgainingweightduringholidayssoundslikeagoodideatothewriter.DToeatonemorePepperidgeFarmLidocookieislikelytogain2poundsayear.
28.Duringtheholiday______.AyouareveryunlikelytoloseweightByoushouldtreatyourselftoyourfavoritedelicaciesCyoudbetteraskfortherecipeinsteadofeatingmoreDyoumustoftentakehotbaths
29.WhichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningofoverimbibeAEatlavishly.BExerciseexcessively.CSleeptoolittle.DDrinktoomuch.
30.WhatcanyoulearnfromthepassageAYoushouldoffersomeexcuseswhenrefusingtoeatcertainfood.BIfyouarehappyeverydayyouwillsurelygainweight.CStresscankick-startafalteringmetabolism.DMetabolismbecomesfasterasonegrowsolder.SECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLETFor8yearsstudentsatMichiganStateUniversityborrowedtuitionmoneydirectlyfromthefederalgovernment.Butlastspringuniversityofficialsshuckedthatarrangementandsignedupwithprivatelendersandastateagencythatprovidedloansunderaseparatefederalplan.Theyguaranteedaprofittotheuniversity—somethingthefederalgovernmentcouldnotdo.SoundssweetforMichiganStatebutitsnotsoterrificforfederaltaxpayerswhowillalmostcertainlywindupshellingout$
23.5millionmoreeachyearasaresultofthechange.MichiganStateisnotunique.TodaydozensofcollegesanduniversitiesareabandoningtheDepartmentofEducationsdirect-loanplanluredbythepromiseofaquickbuckfrombanksstatelendingagenciesandmostsignificantlySallieMaethegiantprivatelenderbasedinRestonVirginia.Inall62collegesanduniversitieshavedroppedoutoftheEducationDepartmentsdirect-loanprogramsince2000andthelistisgrowing.SallieMaehaswonover$1billioninloanbusinessfromformerdirect-loanschools.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.中华民族历来珍惜和平中国的崛起,是和平的崛起,是依靠自己力量来发展自己对外关系中,我们一贯主张以邻为伴、与人为善,同各国发展友好合作关系中国现在是、今后相当长时间内仍将是一个发展中国家中国有13亿人口,这是最大的国情中国国内生产总值已居全球第六位,但人均水平却排在第138位我们还面临不容忽视的失业、贫困和发展不平衡等问题中国要赶上发达国家,还需要几代人、十几代人的艰辛努力参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.one’semotion
11.somethingverysmall
2.visualsignal
12.dothisunconsciously
3.communicate
13.imaginary
4.completelydifferentmeanings
14.automaticallyformacircle
5.goodorperfect
15.deliberatesignal
6.onlyonemessage
16.famous“OK”sign
7.discover
17.Moneymeanscoins
8.InFrance
18.roundhandsign
9.allkindsofmisunderstandings
19.startsfrom
10.preciseorexact
20.nothingequalsworthlessPartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.C
2.C
3.D
4.A
5.B
6.D
7.D
8.B
9.A
10.B
2.TalksandConversations
11.D
12.D
13.C
14.B
15.C
16.A
17.B
18.D
19.C
20.C
21.A
22.B
23.B
24.C
25.B
26.A
27.D
28.A
29.D
30.CPartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1在格拉斯哥城外又发生一起火车事故,4人死亡,至少10人受伤2现在工会在美国已相当普遍,其目的是改善员工的权利和福利3总的来说,我发现电视广告非常令人烦恼,广告与你看的电视节目根本没有关系,他们只会分散你的注意力4我们必须更努力去消除我们的一些差异,尊重并且公正地对待我们中的所有人,无论他们的种族、宗教、性别、及教育背景如何5据一位哈佛大学的教授称,他可通过观察一个9个月大的孩子完成一件简单的任务,像玩积木来确定孩子以后在学业中是否会成功
2.PassageTranslation1二战以来,大量的新城镇建立起来,大部的镇位于乡村或集城附近,他们经过精心规划,有着便捷交通的购物中心,每个镇都有其独有的医院、教堂、学校、大学及工厂新城的目的是吸引人们及工业远离拥挤的城市,去建立全新的社区2我认为我们今天面临最大的挑战是如何改善环境,这对中美两国都是非常重要的,当一个国家在发展经济的同时,也使用过多的能源,这样导致了各种环境问题,特别是影响人体的空气污染所以,中国面临的一大挑战,同时对美国而言持续的挑战就是发展经济的同时要净化环境SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.C
2.D
3.D
4.A
5.D
6.C
7.B
8.B
9.A
10.B
11.C
12.A
13.D
14.B
15.C
16.C
17.C
18.D
19.D
20.D
21.B
22.C
23.C
24.B
25.B
26.B
27.D
28.A
29.D
30.ASECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】八年以来,密歇根大学所需的学费贷款一直来自联邦政府但是去年春天,该大学决定停止办理这种贷款,而改为与一些私有贷款方和机构合作,由他们另行提供贷款密歇根大学这样做,可以保证自己获益,而联邦政府却做不到这一点对于密歇根来说,这当然时间好事可是联邦纳税人可没这么幸运了他们不得不因此每年多支付2350万美元实际上,密歇根并非唯一实施这种贷款政策的州现在,几十所大学放弃了与教育部的直接贷款计划之所以这样做,是因为他们看中了银行、州立贷款机构以及美国学生贷款市场营销学会(SallieMae)所许诺的迅速回报美国学生贷款市场营销学会是其中的重要代表其总部位于弗吉尼亚州莱斯顿(Reston),是一家庞大的私有贷款机构自2000年起,已有62所大学放弃了与教育部的直接贷款计划现在仍有越来越多的大学逐渐加入其中目前,美国学生贷款市场营销学会已经从联邦政府手中赢得了总额达10亿美元以上的贷款业务SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】Chinesenationhaslongcherishedpeace.China’sriseanachievementweaccomplishedbyourowneffortssymbolizesthatpeacehasrisentothedominatingposition.Ingettingalongwiththeforeigncountriesweconsistentlyadoptedthepolicyofmakingpartnershipandbeingfriendlytotheneighboringcountrieswithanaimtoseekafriendlycooperationwiththem.Chinaisandwillcontinueinalongtimetobeadevelopingcountry.Chinahasapopulationof
1.3billionwhichisthemostprominentpartinournationalconditions.Chinaranks6thinGDPbutonly138thinitspercapitaGDP.Wearenowstillfacingsuchseriousproblemsasunemploymentpovertyandunbalancedregionaldevelopmentwhichshouldnotbeneglected.IfChinawantstocatchupwiththedevelopedcountriesarduouseffortsshouldbemadebyseveralgenerationsormore.2004年9月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouANSWERBOOKLET.Rememberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.Travellingbyairisoneofthemajorconveniencesofmoderntimes.Solastsummerwhenweplannedaholidayabroadwedecidedtotakeadvantageofsuchamodernconvenient_______
1.Webeganpreparationsforourtripearlybycallingtheairlineand_______
2.Afewdayslaterwereceivedourticketstellingusourflightnumberandthe_______3fromourcityandarrivalatourdestination.Wewereadvisedtoarriveattheairlineterminalanhourbeforetakeoffinorderto_______4forourflightreceiveour_______5andcheckourbaggage.Itisimportantnottobelateoryoumightmisstheflight.Onthedayoftheflightwewenttothe_______6whereweweredirectedtothe_______7ofthegatefromwhichtheairplanewoulddepart.Asweenteredthisareawewerechecked_______
8.WhilewewerewaitingInoticedhowbusyeveryonewas.The_______9werecheckingtheplaneforlastminuterepairsandalargetruckwasfuelingtheplanewithgasolinetomakeit_______
10.Whenourflightwascalledwe_______
11.Wewerepleasantlygreetedbytheflightattendantsandoffered_______12drinksandfood.Theweatherwasgoodandtherewasno_______13tocauseusworryordiscomfort.Althoughourflightwas_______14duringtheholidaysairtravelbecomesmorehectic.Oftenairlinesselltomanyticketsforaflightandarethen_______
15.Someunluckypassengerswillebumpedand_______16onalaterflight.Badweathermightalsocausealatertakeoffandthisdelayoften_______17atthenextstop.Oneofthemostannoyingaspectsofairtravelatholidayseasonisthepossibilityof_______
18.Ialwaystrytocarrywithme_______19forseveraldays.Onthewholehowevertravelingbyairis_______
20.Itisfastsafeandusuallyreliable.PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.AWecanmeetthechairmanlater.BThechairmanrangtosaythathewouldbelate.CWedbettertelephonethechairmannow.DThechairmanturneduphalfanhourearlierfortheboardmeeting.
2.AIamconsideringMr.Johnsonforthejobofaccountingmanager.BIhavedecidedthatMr.Johnsonbethebranchsaccountingmanager.CMr.Johnsonisinterviewingshort-listedcandidatesIhaveselectedforhim.DMr.Johnsoniseagertotaketopositionalthoughheisnotqualifiedforit.
3.AIdonotweightverymuch.BItwasnotyourfault.CThisisnowayexplainstheevent.DTheflameofthatfireistoohigh.
4.AIwantCharlietodiscontinuehisresearchproject.BCharlieshouldbeencouragedtoworkonhisresearchproject.CItwasanhonortobeabletodotheresearchprojectwithCharlie.DCharliehasalotofcouragetotakeonsuchalargeresearchproject.
5.AHealthfoodexpertsanddoctorshavebeentestifyingagainsttheincreasedsalesofVitaminE.BThankstotheliesofhealthfoodexpertsandsomedoctorsthesalesofVitaminEhavedoubledoverthepastfivemonths.CTheclaimsofhealthfoodexpertsandsomedoctorswillhelpincreasethesalesofVitaminEinthenextfiveyears.DTheincreasedsalesofVitaminEareduetothefavorablestatementsfromhealthfoodexpertsanddoctors.
6.AOurforeignexpertswillarriveinSeptembertoteachathree-monthextensioncourse.BIfyouhaveathree-monthextensioneducationyoumayapplyfortheposition.CYourvisawillexpirethreeweekslatersoyouarenoteligibleforanextension.DYourmaygetanextensionofyourvisaifyouapplyinduetime.
7.AThespeakerissurprisedatthedifficultyindevelopingatreatmentforthecommoncold.BThespeakeriswatchingaTVprogramaboutthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnologyinthelasttwocenturies.CIttookscientiststwohundredyearstodevelopaneffectivecureforthecommonflu.DScientistsgaveupeffortsindevelopingadrugtotreatthecommoncoldaftertwohundredyearsofexperiment.
8.AGraduatestudentsmayapplyforworkingoncampusiftheyaremarriedandunabletopayfortheirschooltuition.BTheuniversityofferson-campushousingtograduatestudentsiftheycanmeetcertainrequirements.CIfbothofyouregisterforthisgraduatecourseyoumaychoosetoliveinanon-campusapartmentforlessthan1700dollarsamonth.DWecharge1700dollarsamonthfortheMBAcoursewhichincludestheprovisionofatwo-bedroomon-campusapartment.
9.AEmployeesverymuchenjoytheirtriptowork.BEmployeestrytocryouttodealwiththeirstressatwork.CEmployeeshavetocommutealongwaytowork.DEmployeesprefertoliveinthesuburbsofmostUScities.
10.ATheovensshouldbedispatchedinnolongerthantwoweeks.BTheovensshouldhavebeenreturnedtwoweeksago.CTheovenswillbebroughtbackformaintenancein14days.DTheovenshavenotbeenassembleduntilafter14days.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsOnlyONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AMakesomemorecoffee.BLeavefortown.CReadanewspaper.DOfferchocolatebiscuits.
12.AAboywasgivenagoodbeating.BAmanwithaknifewaskilled.CSomeboyssetuptheirownbusiness.DSomeonewasattackedwithaknife.
13.AItshouldbeabolished.BItisnolongereffective.CItismoretime-consuming.DItshouldbereintroduced.
14.ASheneedstocancelanappointment.BSheintendstodinewithMrs.Brown.CSheplanstocallataxi.DShedoesnotbelievewhatthemanhassaid.Questions15-
1815.ASecretarywork.BSales.CDomesticservice.DLanguageteaching.
16.APeoplewhocomeintocollectbillseveryweekend.BPeopleemployedtodohouseworkduringtheweek.CPeoplewhogivehelptoforeignstudentsdaily.DPeopleattendinglanguagecoursesonceaweek.
17.AShetakescareofthechildren.BShehelpscleanthehouse.CShelivesasonememberofthefamily.DShepaysforhermealsandaccommodation.
18.AShewantstobeinBritaintolearnEnglish.BSheenjoysBritishfoodsandfruitsverymuch.CShethinksthataBritishfamilyissaferandmoreconvenient.DShedoesnotliketoliveonaBritishuniversitycampus.Questions19-
2219.ABecausehewasworriedabouttherattlingnoisefromhiscar.BBecausehewassurethathewouldnotbeoverchargedfortherepair.CBecausehehadfoundaloosewireandotherthingsthatneededreplacing.DBecausehehadmadeabargainwiththeproprietorofthegarage.
20.AInarentedcar.BInhiswifescar.CInhisowncar.DInSampsonscar.
21.ATheyareallefficient.BTheyareallexpensive.CTheyaredeceptiveanddishonest.DTheyareunfriendlytowardcar-owners.
22.ATheyrefusetobemembersofthetradeunion.BTheyseldomofferemergencyrepairstocar-owners.CTheywouldnotallowcar-ownerstostandbyandwatch.DTheycannotdoagoodjobwhenthecar-ownerisintheshop.Questions23-
2623.AAwideroadbuiltbytheChinesegovernment.BABritishconcessioninShanghai.CTheoriginalnamefortheYangtzeRiver.DAsmallriverparalleltothecitywall.
24.ATheysetupconcessionsalongsomeoftherivers.BTheysoldimportedfruitstolocalpeople.CTheybuilttollbridgesacrosstherivers.DTheyruledtheareaaccordingtoEuropeantraditions.
25.ABecauseitwasariverofstrategicimportanceformilitarymaneuvers.BBecauseitwaslocatedbetweenconcessionsandChinese-runareas.CBecausetherewasmanycommercialbuildingsoneithersideofitsbanks.DBecauseitwassodeepthattheforeigncargoshipscouldgouptounload.
26.ATopurchasesomethingfromtheirfellowcountrymen.BTobargainwithnativesmall-businesspeople.CTodraftcontractsordocumentsforEuropeanmerchants.DTocommunicatewithpeoplefromEuropeancountries.Questions27-
3027.ASomethievesbrokeintoherhouse.BShehadanaccidentduringhernightshift.CHercarbrokedownandshehadtowalkhome.DShehadvaluablethingsstolenwhileshewasawayonduty.
28.AThetwowatchesandafewearrings.BHercarinfrontofthewindow.CTheJapanese-styledboxonthedressingtable.DThestereosystemandthetelevisionsetinthelounge.
29.AInherpurse.BInhercar.CInherdesk.DInherdressingtable.
30.ABecausetheycouldn’tfindanycash.BBecausetheysawthewomandriveback.CBecausetheyplannedtobeinandoutveryquickly.DBecausetheynoticedthatthewomanhadonlyablack-and-whiteTVset.PartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5LastyearmorethanamillionandahalfforeigntouristsvisitedtheUnitedStates.InordertounderstandinterculturalproblemsbetterandperhapstofindwaystoimprovetheAmericanimageabroadareporterrecentlyinterviewedsomeofthesevisitorsastheywereleavingtoreturnhome.HeespeciallywantedtofindouttheirfirstimpressionsoftheUnitedStateswhatplacestheymostenjoyedvisitingandsomeoftheirlikesanddislikes.Asfarasfirstimpressionsareconcernedalmostalloftheforeignerswereimpressedbythetremendoussizeofthecountry.TheUnitedStatesofcourseisalargecountry.ThedistancebetweenSanFranciscoandNewYorkisaboutthesameasthatbetweenGibraltarandBaghdad.IndeedtheentireMediterraneanSeacouldeasilyfitwithinthecountrysborders.EvenexpectingthisforeignerswhovisittheUnitedStatesforthefirsttimeareoverwhelmedbythevastdistances.Apparentlytobebelievedsuchdistanceshavetobetraveld.Theforeignvisitorswerealsoimpressedbytherangeofclimateandthevarietyofsceneryinthecountry.ManywereamazedtodiscoverthatinthesamedaytheycouldtravelfromthesnowycoldofNewEnglandwintertothesunnywarmthofFloridasunshine.EveninthesinglestateofCaliforniatheycouldfindsandybeachesrockyshorestropicalvegetationhotdrydesertsredwoodforestsandtoweringsnow-cappedmountains.TheywerealsoimpressedbytheinformalfriendlinessofAmericans.Whetheronbusestrainsplanesoratvacationorscenicresortstherevisitorsgenerallyagreedthattheyhadbeengreetedwarmly.Ontheotherhandsomereportedthathotelclerkswaitersandtaxidriverswereoftenunsympatheticimpatientandrude.ThemostcommoncomplaintofallwasthatsofewAmericanscanspeakanylanguagebutEnglishandsomeforeignvisitorsclaimedthattheyhaddifficultyunderstandingtheAmericanaccent.
1.WhatdoesthisinEvenexpectingthis…para.2line11refertoAThedistancebetweenSanFranciscoandNewYork.BThevastnessofthecountry.CThesizeoftheMediterraneanSea.DThecountrysborders.
2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageANewEnglandwintersarecold.BSometaxidriversareimpolite.CTheU.S.Aisapopularplacefortourists.DHotelstaffareoftensympathetic.
3.NewEnglandislocated_______.AinthesouthwestoftheUSBtothesouthofCaliforniaCinthenortheastoftheUSDtothewestofFlorida
4.WhatmadethemostnegativeimpressiononforeignvisitorsAThecountrysvastness.BTheinformalfriendlinessofAmericans.CThefactthattheAmericanaccentishardtounderstand.DThefactthatnotmanyAmericanscanspeakaforeignlanguage.
5.Theoverallpurposeofthispassageisto_______.AdemonstratetheculturaldifferencesbetweenAmericaandEuropeBindicatewaystoimprovetheAmericanimageabroadCdescribethegeneralimpressionofforeignvisitorsonAmericaDcriticizesomebehaviorsofAmericantaxidriversQuestions6-10Amillionmotoristsleavetheircarsfullupwithpetrolandwiththekeysintheignitioneveryday.Thevehiclesaresittinginpetrolstationswhiledriverspayfortheirfuel.TheAutomobileAssociationAAhasdiscoveredthatcarsareleftunattendedforanaveragethreeminutes—andsometimesconsiderablylonger—asdriversbuydrinkssweetscigarettesandotherconsumeritems—andthenpayatthecashtill.Withpaymentbythecreditcardmoreandmorecommonitisnotunusuallyforadrivertobeoutofhiscarforaslongassixminutesprovidingthecarthiefwithagoldenopportunity.InanexclusiveAAsurveycarriedoutatabusygarageonamainroadoutofLondon300motoristswerequestionedoverthreedaysoftheholidayperiod.Twentyfourpercentadmittedthattheyalwaysorsometimesleavethekeysintheircar.Thismeansthatnationwideamillioncarsdailybecomeeasytargetsfortheopportunistthief.Formorethantenyearstherehasbeenabiggerriseincarcrimethaninmostothertypesofcrime.AnaverageofmorethantwocarsaminutearebrokenintovandalizedorstolenintheUK.Carcrimeaccountsforalmostathirdofallreportedoffenceswithnosignsthatthetrendisslowingdown.Althoughtherearehighlyprofessionalcriminalsinvolvedincartheftalmost90percentofcarcrimeiscommittedbytheopportunist.Amateurthievesareaidedbyourowncarelessness.WhenAAengineerssurveyedontowncentercarparklastyeartenpercentofthecarscheckedwereunlockedafigurebackedbyaHomeOfficenationalsurveythatfound12percentofdriverssometimeslefttheircarsunlocked.TheAArecommendslockingupwheneveryouleavethecar—andforhowevershortaperiod.Apartiallyopensun-rooforwindowisafurthercome-ontothieves.Therearemanyothertrapstoavoid.TheHomeOfficehasfoundlittleawarenessamongdrivesaboutsafeparking.Mostmotoristsquestionedmadenoeffortstoavoidamongdrivesaboutsafeparking.Mostmotoristsquestionedmadenoeffortstoavoidparkinginquietspotsawayfromstreetlights—justtheplacesthieveslove.TheAAadvisesdriverstoparkinplaceswithpeoplearound—thievesdontlikeaudiences.Leavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals.AManchesterProbationaryServiceresearchprojectwhichinterviewedalmost100carthieveslastyearfoundmanywouldinvestigateacoatthrownonaseat.Neverleaveanydocumentsshowingyourhomeaddressinthecar.Ifyouhaveagarageuseitandlockit—agaragecarisatsubstantiallylessrisk.
6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueATheuseofcreditcardsmayincreasetheriskofcartheft.BItisadvisedthatthedriverstakecarkeyswiththem.CMostcarsarestolenbyprofessionalthieves.DTheAAadvisesthatmotoristsleavetheircarslocked.
7.WhereinthepassagedoestheauthormentionleavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminalsAThefirstparagraph.BThesecondparagraph.CThethirdparagraph.DThelastparagraph.
8.ThecartheftisduetoallofthefollowingEXCEPT_______.ApeoplescarelessnessBunawarenessofsafeparkingCcoatleftonthecarseatDpoorqualityofacarlock
9.Inordertopreventcartheftpeoplearerecommendedto_______.AparkcarsinquietplacesBuseagarageandlockitCleaveasparecarkeyathomeDbecomeamemberofAA
10.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto_______.AanalysethecartheftriseinBritainBreportthesurveyresultsbyAACsuggestthewaystoinvestigatecartheftDcomparecarcrimewithothertypesofcrimeQuestions11-15TravellersarrivingatHeathrowairportthisyearhavebeenmetbythesmelloffreshly-cutgrasspumpedfromadiscreetcornerviaanaromaboxamachinewhichblowswarmscentedairintotheenvironment.Itcanscenttheareaofanaveragehighstreetshopwiththesmellofthechocolatefreshly-cutgrassorseabreezesinfactanysyntheticodoursthatcanbemadetosmellliketherealthing.Heathrowsmoveintosensorymarketingisthelatestinalonglineofattemptsbybusinessestousesensorypsychology—thescientificstudyoftheeffectsofthesensesonourbehaviourtohelpsellproducts.Marketingpeoplecallthisatmospherics—usingsoundsorsmellstomanipulateconsumerbehaviour.OnValentinesDaytwoyearsagothechainofchemistsSuperdogscentedoneofitsLondonshopswithchocolate.Thesmellofchocolateissupposedtohavetheeffectofreducingconcentrationandmakingcustomersrelax.Chocolateisassociatedwithlovesaidamarketingspokeswomanwethoughtitwouldgetpeopleinthemoodforromance.Shedidnotrevealthoughwhetherthesmellactuallymadepeoplespendmoremoney.Howeverresearchintocustomersatisfactionwithcertainscentedproductshasclearlyshownthatsmalldoeshaveacommercialeffectthoughofcourseitmustbeanappropriatesmell.Inasurveycustomersconsideredalemon-scenteddetergentmoreeffectivethananotherscentedwithcoconutdespitethefactthatthedetergentusedinbothwasidentical.Ontheotherhandacoconut-scentedsuntanlotionwasratedmoreeffectivethatalemon-scentedone.AresearchgroupfromWashingtonUniversityreportedthatthesmellofmintororangesprayedinastoreresultedincustomersratingthestoreasmoremodernandmorepleasantforshoppingthanotherstoreswithoutthesmell.Customersalsoratedthegoodsonsaleasbetterandexpressedastrongerintentiontovisitthestoreagaininthefuture.Musictoohaslongbeenusedinsupermarketsformarketingpurposes.Supermarketsareawareforexamplethatslowmusiccausescustomerstostaylongerintheshopandhopefullybuymorethings.AtLeicesterUniversitypsychologistshavefoundthataspecifickindofmusiccaninfluenceconsumerbehaviour.InasupermarketFrenchwinesoldattherateof76%comparedto20%GermanwinewhenFrenchaccordionmusicwasplayed.ThesamethinghappenedinreversewhenGermanBierkellermusicwasplayed.InoneAmericanstudypeopleevenboughtmoreexpensivewineswhenclassicalmusicwasplayedinsteadofcountrymusic.Writersandpoetshaveoftendescribedthepowerfuleffectsofsmellonouremotionsandsmellisoftenconsideredtobethesensemostlikelytoevokeemotion-filledmemories.Researchsuggestshoweverthatthisisamythandthataphotographyoravoiceisjustaslikelytoevokeamemoryasasmell.Perhapsthereasonforthismythisbecausesmellsasopposedtosightsandsoundsareverydifficulttogiveanameto.Thefactthatsmellisinvisibleandthussomehowmoremysteriousmaypartlyexplainitsreputationasourmostemotionalsense.
11.WhatistheuseofaromaboxatHeathrowairportAItcanscentalotofsyntheticfragranceintotheenvironment.BItisamachinewhichblowswarmandfreshairintotheenvironment.CItoftenpumpsthesmelloffreshly-cutgrassfromahigh-streetshop.DItisaboxwhichsendsoutnotonlyaromabutalsomusic.
12.WhomightbenefitsmostfromatmosphericsinthesensorymarketingAPsychologists.BCustomers.CShopowners.DTheresearchgroups.
13.Researchintocustomersatisfactionshowedthat_______.AtherightsmellmadepeoplethinkaproductwasbetterBpeoplepreferredthesmelloflemontococonutCcertainsmellscouldmakepeopledislikeashopDcustomersratedthegoodsonsaleasmoreinviting
14.Theuseofmusicinsupermarkets_______.AmayleadcustomerstopaymoreofaproductBcanincreasesalesofaspecificproductCmakespeoplebuymoreforeignwineDcausescustomerstobuymorefromintheshop
15.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueASmellisthemostemotionalofthesenses.BSmellstimulatesourmemorymorethantheothersenses.CSmellisconsideredtobemysteriousasitisuntouchable.DSmellisthemostdifficultsensetoidentify.Questions16-20Thedangerofmisinterpretationisgreatestofcourseamongspeakerswhoactuallyspeakdifferentnativetonguesorcomefromdifferentculturalbackgroundsbecauseculturaldifferencenecessarilyimpliesdifferentassumptionsaboutnaturalandobviouswaystobepolite.AnthropologistThomasKochmangivestheexampleofawhiteofficeworkerwhoappearedwithabandagedarmandfeltrejectedbecauseherblackfellowworkerdidntmentionit.Thedoublywoundedworkerassumedthathersilentcolleaguedidntnoticeordidntcare.Buttheco-workerwaspurposelynotcallingattentiontosomethinghercolleaguemightnotwanttotalkabout.Sheletherdecidewhetherornottomentionitbeingconsideratebynotimposing.Kochmansaysbasedonhisresearchthatthesedifferencesreflectrecognizableblackandwhitestyles.AnAmericanwomanvisitingEnglandwasrepeatedlyoffended—evenonbaddaysenraged—whentheBritishignoredherinsettinginwhichshethoughttheyshouldpayattention.Forexampleshewassittingataboothinarailway-stationcafeteria.Acouplebegantosettleintotheoppositeseatinthesamebooth.Theyunloadedtheirluggage;theylaidtheircoatsontheseat;heaskedwhatshewouldliketoeatandwentofftogetit;sheslidintotheboothfacingtheAmerican.Andthroughoutallthistheyshowednosignofhavingnoticedthatsomeonewasalreadysittinginthebooth.WhentheBritishwomanlitupacigarettetheAmericanhadaconcreteobjectforheranger.Shebeganostentatiouslylookingaroundforanothertabletomoveto.Ofcoursetherewasnone;thatswhytheBritishcouplehadsatinherboothinthefirstplace.Thesmokerimmediatelycrushedouthercigaretteandapologized.Thisshowedthatshehadnoticedthatsomeoneelsewassittingintheboothandthatshewasnotinclinedtodisturbher.ButthenshewentbacktopretendingtheAmericanwasnttherearuseinwhichherhusbandcollaboratedwhenhereturnedwiththeirfoodandtheyateit.TotheAmericanpolitenessrequirestalkbetweenstrangersforcedtoshareaboothinacafeteriaifonlyafleetingDoyoumindifIsitdownoraconventionalIsanyonesittinghereevenifitsobviousnooneis.Theomissionofsuchtalkseemedtoherlikedreadfulrudeness.TheAmericancouldntseethatanothersystemofpolitenesswasatwork.BynotacknowledgingherepresencetheBritishcouplefreedherfromtheobligationtoacknowledgetheirs.TheAmericanexpectedashowofinvolvement;theywerebeingpolitebynotimposing.AnAmericanmanwhohadlivedforyearsinJapanexplainedasimilarpolitenessethic.HelivedasmanyJapanesedoinextremelyclosequarters—atinyroomseparatedfromneighbouringroomsbypaper-thinwalls.Inthiscasethewallswereliterallymadeofpaper.InordertopreserveprivacyinthismostunprivatesituationhisJapaneseneighbourwiththedooropentheysteadfastlygluedtheirgazeaheadasiftheywerealoneinadesert.TheAmericanconfessedtofeelingwhatIbelievemostAmericanwouldfeelifanext-doorneighbourpassedwithinafewfeetwithoutacknowledgingtheirpresence—snubbed.Butherealizedthattheintentionwasnotrudenessbyomittingtoshowinvolvementbutpolitenessbynotimposing.Thefateoftheearthdependsoncross-culturalcommunication.Nationsmustreachagreementsandagreementsaremadebyindividualrepresentativesofnationssittingdownandtalkingtoeachother—publicanaloguesofprivateconversation.Theprocessesarethesameandsoarethepitfalls.Onlythepossibleconsequencesaremoreextreme.
16.InThomasKochmansexamplewhenthewhiteofficeworkerappearedwithabandagedarmwhydidhercolleaguekeepsilentABecauseshedidntcareaboutherwhitecolleagueatall.BBecauseshewasconsideratebyimposingonher.CBecauseshedidntwanttoembarrassherwhitecolleague.DBecauseshewasawareoftheirdifferentculturalbackgrounds.
17.Whatisthebestdefinitionforthewordimposinginparagraph2AUnreasonablyexpectingsomeonetodosomething.BUsingyourauthoritytomakesurearuleiskept.CActinginagrandimpressiveway.DCausingtroublestooneself.
18.WhichofthefollowingcanheconcludedfromthepassageATheBritishwouldliketoavoidtalkingtostrangersinpublic.BTheAmericanwouldliketobeimposedindifferentsettings.CTheBritishexpectasmalltalkbetweenstrangerswhoareforcedtoshareaboothinacafeteria.DTheAmericanenjoybeingignoredinunfamiliarsettings.
19.WhatseemstobeJapanesebehaviourinordertopreserveprivacyinclosequartersATheywouldseparatetheirroomsbypaper-thinwalls.BTheyactasiftheyhaveneverknownsomeonelivingnexttothem.CTheyareveryfriendlyandconsideratetotheirneighbours.DTheypulltheirfacelongandgluesteadfastlytheirgazeahead.
20.WhichofthefollowingcanserveasthebesttitleforthepassageAAnAmericanWomansOverseasExperienceBTheCulturalWaveCMixedMetamesssageacrossCulturesDPitfallsandPossibleConsequencesQuestions21-25LocalgovernmentinBritainistheresponsibilityofelectedlocalauthoritieswhichprovidelocalservicesunderspecificpowersconferredbyParliament.Governmentonalocalbasiscanbetracedbackatleast1000yearsbutthisconceptofacomprehensivesystemofcouncilslocallyelectedtomanagevariousservicesprovidedforthebenefitofthecommunitywasfirstcooperatedintolawinthelatenineteenthcentury.Thelocalauthoritiesmajorresponsibilitiesnowadaysincludeeducationhousingthepoliceenvironmentalhealthpersonalsocialservicestrafficadministrationtownandcountryplanningfireserviceslibrariesandmanyminorfunctions.Thereare6metropolitanlocalauthoritiesandGreaterLondonandtheremaining47non-metropolitanauthoritiesorcounties.Eachseparateauthorityhaspowertolevyarateaformoflocalpropertytaxtopayfortheworkforwhichithasresponsibility.Ratesarealocaltaxpaidbytheoccupiersofnon-agriculturallandandbuildinginalocalauthorityareaascontributionstothecostoflocalservices.Theamountpaidbytheindividualdependsonthevalueofthepropertyinrelationtothetotalsumneededbytheauthority.TotalexpenditurebylocalauthoritiesinEnglandandWalesexceeds£9000millionayear.Acleardistinctionismadebetweencapitalexpenditureandcurrentexpenditure.Capitalexpenditureaboutaquarterofthetotalisnormallyfinancedbyborrowing.currentexpenditureisfinancedfromthreemainsources:localrates;Governmentgrantsintheformofaratesupportgrantandgrantstowardsthecostofspecificservices;otherincomeincludingrentsfromlocalauthority-ownedproperties.Housingandeducationarethetwomajorareasforwhichlocalauthoritiesareresponsible.Eachlocalauthorityareaisdividedintotwodistricts—36inmetropolitancounties296innonmetropolitancounties.Theheavilypopulatedmetropolitandistrictse.g.Birminghampopulation
1.1millionhavetheresourcestoundertakeprovisionofservicessuchaseducationandpersonalsocialserviceswhichthemajorityofnon-metropolitandistrictscouldnotundertake.Countyanddistrictcouncilsconsistsofdirectlyelectedcouncilors.Broadlyspeakingcountycouncilshave60-100membersmetropolitandistrictcouncils50-80membersnon-metropolitandistrictcouncils30-60members.Thecouncilorselectannuallyoneoftheirmembersaschairman.OncertaindistrictcouncilswithhistoricalstatusthechairmaniscalledmayororLordMayor.Thishasceremonialsignificancebutmakesnodifferencetotheadministrativefunctionsofthearea.Councillorsarevoluntaryandunpaidthoughtheyclaimanattendanceallowanceofupto£10aday.Allcountycouncilsareelectedatfour-yearlyintervals.Thepatternofelectiontodistrictcouncilsvaries.AlllocalelectionsdueinanyoneyearareheldonthesamedaynormallythefirstThursdayinMay.Thepeopleentitledtovoteatlocalgovernmentelectionsarethosewhoareresidentinthelocalauthorityareaonthequalifyingdateare18oroveronelectiondayareBritishsubjectsorcitizensoftheIrishRepublicthiswillthereforeincludeCommonwealthcitizense.g.Australians.CandidatesforcouncilorsmusthaveBritishnationalityandbeover21andmusteitherhavelivedorworkedintheareaforayear.MostcandidatesstandasrepresentativesofoneofthenationalpoliticalpartiesLabourSDPConservativesorLiberalforthemostpartafewasmembersofassociationsrepresentingsomelocalinterestsorasindependents.
21.WhatareNOTincludedinthefunctionsoflocalauthoritiesaccordingtothepassageAenvironmenthealthandeducation.Bhousingandcountrydevelopmentplanning.Clocallibrariesandthepolice.Dcourtandcharityorganizations.
22.HowdoesthegovernmentworkouttheamountoftheratepaidbytheindividualsAItdependsonhowmanypropertiestheindividualownandtheamounttheauthorityneeds.BItiscalculatedbythevalueofthepropertyandthetotalsumneededbytheauthority.CItdependsontheannualincomeoftheindividualandthevalueoftheproperty.DItiscalculatedbythefamilyannualincomeandthetotalsumneededbytheauthority.
23.HowoftenarecountycouncilelectionsheldAEveryfouryears.BEverytwoyears.CTwiceayear.DFourtimesayear.
24.Accordingtothepassagedirectlyelectedcouncilors_______.Acanclaimanattendanceallowanceofmorethan£10adayBwouldelectoneoftheirmembersasmayoreverytwoyearsCwilldothevoluntaryworkandarenotpaidDmusthaveeitherBritishorIrishnationality
25.WhichofthefollowingcandidatesiseligiblefortheelectionofcouncilorsAA20-year-oldBritishwhohasbeenlivingintheareaforayear.BA30-year-oldEnglishmanwhohasmovedtotheareahalfayearago.CA40-year-oldBritishwhohasbeenworkingintheareafor2years.DA50-year-oldIrishmanwhohasbeenworkingandlivingintheareafor3years.Questions26-30MyrnaBlythspentmorethan20yearsasatopmagazineeditor.Sosheknowsathingtotwoabouthowthemediausesstressfearandtheultimatelyfruitlesspursuitofperfectiontosellstories.InhercontroversialnewbookBlythofferssometipsabouthownottogetspunbywhatyouseeorread.Secret1StresshappensStresshasbecomeanall-purposegimmicktogetourattention.ManymagazinesandTVshowslovenothingmorethansuggestingthatwecantmakeitthroughthedaywithoutpracticallydyingfromstress.Yesweallhavestress.Butnotalldaynoteveryday.Ifinditdownrightinsultingtohearthatwecantkeepittogetherwhenweremerelygoingaboutourgoodifsometimescomplicatedlives.Thenewestresearchsaysthatthebestwaytohandlestressisnotbycheckingintoadayspaoraholidayresortwheretheendgoalisstressreduction.Thatsortofbinge-and-purgeapproachdoeslittletokeepusrelaxed.Insteadweshouldsimplyacknowledgethatlifeisfulloflittletensionsbecauseheythatslife.Andweshouldhandleitmomentbymomentthewaypeoplealwayshavebytakingadeepbreathandgettingsomeperspective.Secret2CheckbalanceStopworryingaboutachievingbalanceinyourlifeespeciallywhenyouhavekids.Kidstakeupallavailabletime—itsthebasiclawofparenthood.Nomatterhowmuchtimeyougivethemwhetheryouworkfromeighttoeightorarearoundthehouseallthetimeyoullstillfeelyouhaventbeenthereenoughforthem.Hereisthedeal:whileyourchildrenarearoundyouwonthavetimetoputyourlifeinperfectbalance.Thatsreallynotsoterrible.Youaresupposedtothinkmoreaboutyourkidsthanaboutyourself.Trustmeyoullhavetimeaftertheyvelefthome.Secret3BefearlessWhenitwantstomakeabigimpressionthemediaisntshyaboutscaringusoutofourwits.Reportingandpessimismhavebecometotallyintertwinedinsomanyareasespeciallyinstoriesabouthealthandenvironment.Weresupposedtofeareverythingfromkillercelerytoweaponsofmassdestruction.HowtoprotectyourselffromtheeffectsoftheseconstantguerrillatacticsKimberlyThompsonoftheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthsuggestsrememberingthathowweperceiveandprocessinformationdependsuponhowitspresentedpositivelyornegatively.Ifyouhearaboutasmallnumberofpeoplestrickenbyarareillnessitfollowsdoesntitthatalargenumberofpeopleincludingyouareperfectlyfine.RememberalmostallmediascarestoriesareaboutsomethingdastardlythathappenedtoaverysmallgroupofpeopleliketheunluckywomenwhohappenedtosharethesameinfectedfootbasininjustonenailsaloninCalifornia.Inyourfightagainstfear:Comparethehypetothefact.Alittlehealthyskepticismisinorder.Bewaryofpictures.Justbecausesomeonescryingdoesntnecessarilymeanshestellingthetruth.Dontletimpressive-soundingjargonconvinceyou.Watchthedisclaimers.Mightorcoulddoesntmeanthatyouoryourfamilyarereallyatrisk.Secret4NobadysperfectHereswhatalotofthemediawantustobelieve:Onedaywellgeteverythingrightaboutourappearance.Ourhairwilllookfabulousourskinwillbesmoothandcrease-free.Welllooksogoodwellhavemadeovernotjustourlooksbutourlives.Ofcourseweallwanttolookgoodbutwithoutgoingtoextremesoroverbudget.Thepeopleimportanttoyou—theoneswhoareinyourlife—alreadylikethewayyoulook.Andbetteryettheylikeyoumoreforwhatsgoingoninsidethanwhatcanbeseenontheoutside.
26.WhatdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassageAStressLiesandtheMedia.BHowtoAvoidTellingtheTruth.CDontBeAfraidofScaryStories.DStressFreedomandtheMedia.
27.Binge-and-purgeapproachpara.3referstoawaytoreducestressby______.AgettingdrunkBhavingakindofrelaxationCembarkingonashortholidayDacknowledgingthatlifeislife
28.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedasagoodwaytoovercomefearARememberthatreportingandpessimismhavebecometotallyintertwined.BDontbelievewordsorphrasesthatsoundimpressive.CPraythatyouwontbeamongasmallnumberofunluckypeople.DBealittleskepticalaboutthemediablitzofbadnewsaboutyourlife.
29.Thispassageismosthelpfulforreaderswho_______.AhavenoconfidenceintheirappearanceBareworriedaboutachievingbalanceintheirlivesCaredyingfromstressDperceiveandprocessinformationinapessimisticway
30.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.AgoodlookwillmakeoverourlivesBstressisanaturalpartofhumanexistenceCparentswillneverfindenoughtimewiththeirkidsDanythingscaringonlyhappenstoasmallnumberofpeopleSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLETAsindividualsandasanationweredefinedbythechoiceswemake.Andtoooftenbythetoughdecisionsweavoid.Mostofushaveavoidedeventhinkingabouthowourrapidlygrowingpopulationisaffectingourqualityoflifeandshapingoursociety.OurpopulationhasmorethandoubledsinceWorldWarIIandatthisratewecouldbeonourwayto1billionpeoplelivingintheUnitedStatesbytheendofthecentury.Ourpopulationgrowthdriveninpartbyuncheckedimmigrationisalreadystrainingourhealthcareandeducationalsystemsandlessnoticeably—butfarmoreimportant—puttingaheavyburdenonournaturalresources.Allthesepressuresonourresourceswillonlyworsenunlessourleadersbeginanationaldialogueonthefutureofthiscountryandstartmakingthetoughchoices.Politiciansareavoidingdebateontheseissuesbecausetheyarethemostdifficultonestoconfront.Incampaigndebatingthesearewedgeissues.Butfailuretocometotermswiththemwilldriveawedgebetweenallofusandaprosperoushealthyfutureforthiscountry.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.本公司成立于1988年经过不断发展,目前公司下属全资专业从事工程施工的单位有4家,公司参股的企业有3家公司拥有一大批技术人员和管理人员,其中有中高级专业职称的占65%雄厚的技术力量和科学的管理为公司的健康发展奠定了坚实的基础不断深化的社会主义市场经济为公司的生存和发展提供了更大的机遇和空间近年来,公司先后参与承建了一大批上海市重大工程,为建设国际大都市作出了应有的贡献参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.meansoftransportation
11.boardedtheairplane
2.makingthereservation
12.newspapersandmagazines
3.timeofdeparture
13.airturbulence
4.checkin
14.trouble-free
5.seatassignments
15.overbooked
6.ticketcounter
16.askedtoreschedule
7.waitingarea
17.resultsinmissedconnections
8.throughsecuritysystem
18.losingyourluggage
9.mechanics
19.enoughclothing
10.readyfortakeoff
20.worththeexpensePartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.C
2.B
3.B
4.A
5.D
6.D
7.A
8.B
9.C
10.A
2.TalksandConversations
11.B
12.D
13.D
14.A
15.C
16.B
17.D
18.A
19.A
20.C
21.B
22.C
23.D
24.A
25.B
26.D
27.A
28.C
29.C
30.BPartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1如果我们能吸引孩子们的话,他们就会学得更好所以我们建立了自然科学俱乐部,许多孩子放学后能在这里参加俱乐部活动2目前我们公司有70%的员工在欧洲以外地方,就其本身也显示出了我们公司正变得相当的国际化3我们的产品主要出口至北美,东南亚及北欧,所以我们正在寻找海外合作伙伴,并希望国外建立更多的代理商4生活水平的提高、税收的降低、公共设施全面高效及基础设施的良好维护,使人们感觉良好5我们的共同努力使我们的经济创新记录,在三十年内失业率创新底,新增二千二百万个岗位
2.PassageTranslation1我的祖父是个农民对时尚没有任何渴望他在20岁时结婚,并在1936年开始做生意,当时他从银行贷款买了一块小土地开始养鸡、种菜,种些水果,像李子、草莓等他将鸡蛋、蔬菜及水果卖给杂货商那是一份辛苦的工作,大多数的工作都是用手工完成的,生活非常清贫2在美国,大型购物中心只有一个目的,那就是鼓励人们买买买在大型购物中心里那些百货店之间通常隔开,因为正是这些地方吸引顾客到来销售同样货品的商店都相隔较远,这样人们想要比较价格的话就得经过其它许多商店说到底,在大型购物中心里的60%的购物都是出于冲动SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.B
2.D
3.C
4.D
5.C
6.C
7.D
8.D
9.B
10.A
11.A
12.C
13.A
14.B
15.D
16.C
17.A
18.A
19.B
20.C
21.D
22.B
23.A
24.C
25.C
26.A
27.B
28.C
29.D
30.BSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】无论是个人还是国家,我们的特性体现在我们所作的抉择中,而且常常体现在我们避免做出的艰难抉择中我们大多数人甚至不去思考我国快速增长的人口是怎样影响着我们的生活质量,决定着我们的社会二次世界大战以来,我国的人口增加了一倍多照这样的数度增长,到本世纪末生活在美国的人口有可能达到10亿造成我国人口增长的一部分原因是我们未对移民加以控制这种增长已经对我国的医疗保健,教育体制造成压力而且是我国的自然资源背上了沉重的负担,这一点虽然不太引起人们注意,但是更为重要除非我们的领导人就国家的未来开始一场全国性的对话,并作出艰难的决定,否则对于我国资源的这些压力不会减轻政客们避免就这些问题展开辩论,因为这些问题难以面对在总统竞选辩论中,这些问题会导致分歧但若不能成功地解决这些问题,我们将无法实现国家繁荣、健康的未来SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】Ourcompanywasestablished/setupin
1988.Throughyearsofcontinuousdevelopmentitcurrentlyhas4wholly-ownedenterprisesspecializinginengineeringandconstructionand3enterprisesinwhichitholdsequityinterests.Ourcompanyhasalargenumberoftechnicalandmanagerialpersonnelamongwhom65%holdintermediateandseniorprofessionaltitles.Thestrongtechnicalforceandscientificmanagementhavelaidasolidfoundationforthehealthydevelopmentofthecompany.Anever-growingsocialistmarketeconomyhasprovidedabiggeropportunityandspacefortheexistence/survivalandexpansion/developmentofourcompany.Inrecentyears/overtheyears,wehaveparticipatedin/undertakentheconstructionofalargenumberofmajorprojectsinshanghaimakingourcontributioninshaping/buildingshanghaiintoaninternationalmetropolis.2005年3月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouANSWERBOOKLET.Rememberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.AscrimeSkyrocketsinmanycommunitiespeoplearefinallybeginningtolookforlong-lastingeffectiveanswerstostemthetideofjuvenilecrime.Reachingtheyouthwhohavecommittedacrimebeforetheybecome____________1isanessentialstepinreversingthecrimetrend.One____________2maybetheestablishmentofteencourt.Teencourtisknownasasentencingcourtforyouthswhohave____________
3.Teencourtsprimarilydealwithfirst-timeoffenders.Afterarresttheyoungoffendermust____________4tothechargeinjuvenilecourt.With____________5theoffenderagreestobesentencedandabidebythedecisionofapeerjury____________
6.Anotheressentialcomponenttoteencourtisthataspartofthesentencetheoffendermustsitinononeormorefuturepeerjuriesto____________7forotheroffenders.ForexampleacountyteencourtinIllinoisgivesyoungoffendersachanceto____________8theirarrestsfromtheirpermanentrecordby____________9orotherdutiesorderedbythecourt.Teencourtisnotatrialcourt.Allteensadmittheirguiltand____________10asentencegiventothembyajuryoftheirpeers.Ajudgeispresentto____________11ofthecourt.Theteencourtalleviatesthestrainonthe____________12andhasbeenimplementedin____________13sincethefirstteencourtopenedinOdessaTexas.Besidegivingtheoffenderasecondchanceitgivestheyouth____________14inthejudicialprocess.Thepurposeoftheteencourtasidefromsentencingyouthoffendersisto____________15boththeoffendersandtheteenvolunteerswhilesimultaneouslypromoting____________16betweendefendantsthecommunityandthepolice.Byofferingthis____________17systemteencourtallowsthoseteenswhohavemadeabaddecisionanopportunityto____________18andlearnfromit.Atthesametimethoseteenslearn____________19thepolicethecommunityandthe____________
20.PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.AYou’dbetterbuyalocalnewspapertolookthroughtheclassifiedads.BYoumightputanadinthelocalpapertofindsomeonetofilltheposition.CYoucancomethisafternoontogothroughtheapplicationprocedures.DYouneedtointerviewthewell-knownpainterinourofficethisafternoon.
2.ADavidwillbethegeneralmanagernextweek.BDavidwillgetapromotionandapayrise.CDavidwillworkhardtobeageneralmanager.DDavidwillbetransferredtotheaccountingmanager’soffice.
3.ANooneinthisofficeiswillingtodothetranslationexceptyourself.BThenewsecretarywillasksomeonetofixthedateforyou.CThenewsecretarycantypeandhandinthedocumentforyou.DThesecretaryisanablepersontohelpyouwiththetranslation.
4.AIpaid4dollarsfortheshrimp.BIpaid6dollarsfortheshrimp.CIpaid8dollarsfortheshrimp.DIpaid12dollarsfortheshrimp.
5.AAlthoughyoupaymoreforthecourseyouhaveabetterchanceofsecuringajob.BYouwillnotbeenrolledinthecourseunlessyouscorehighintheplacementtest.CYourjobistolocateexcellentstudentsandurgethemtoenrollinourMBAcourse.DYouwillbeawardedascholarshipfortheMBAcourseifyourhighschoolrecordisexcellent.
6.AItwouldbeawin-winsituationforbothofusifwesetupanagencyformarketingyourproducts.BWebelievethatmarketingyourproductsonyourbehalfinShanghaiwouldberathercostlyinthebeginning.CItisourfirmbeliefthatwewillbringalotofbenefittoyouragencyinShanghai.DWetotallyagreetomarketyourproductsinShanghaiifyoufirmcansetupanagencyonourbehalf.
7.AThecustomermustpaycashforhisinsurance.BThecustomermustpayforhisinsurancebycreditcard.CThecustomermustgetamoneyordertopayforhisinsurance.DThecustomermustgetatraveler’schecktopayforhisinsurance.
8.ATheaccountantistoreturn300000dollarstobalanceyouraccount.BThecheckhasbouncedbecauseofinsufficientfundintheaccount.CTheaccountanthascheckedinforaconferenceonenvironmentalprotection.DThecheckisspeciallyprovidedtomakeabalanceonyourbankaccount.
9.AWearelikelytohavefurthercooperationiftheobjectiveisachieved.BIfthetargetismissedwewilldiscusswithyoualong-termarrangement.CWewillestablishacooperativebaseinthelocalityifthistargetisattained.DWearegladtohavesignedwithyoualong-termarrangement.
10.ATheInvestmentDepartmentsubmittedasurveyreporttotheboardofdirectors.BTheInvestmentDepartmentrefutedthedecisionmadebytheboardofdirectors.CTheboardofdirectorscouldnotagreeonthecontentofthesurveyreport.DTheboardofdirectorswerenotconcernedwiththeDepartment’ssurveyreport.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsONLYONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AInLondon.BInEdinburgh.CInParis.DInhisfriend’shome.
12.AHewenttosleepbecausehewasverytired.BHehadafightwithhisfriends.CHedidsomeshopping.DHewenttoanightclub.
13.AThemanmissedhisreturnflight.BThemanwatchedarugbymatchintheafternoon.CThemanwenttoseesometouristattractions.DThemanboughtsomegiftsforhisparentsandfriends.
14.ABecausehewantedtobuymorepresentsforher.BBecausehehadtopayfortheFrenchwineheboughtforher.CBecausehehadspentallhismoneyovertheweekend.DBecausehehadplannedtogotoEdinburghnextweekend.Questions15-
1815.ATheyarebuiltonlyforchildrenorteenagers.BTheyprovidescaryandfrighteningexperiences.CTheyneverallowadultstoparticipate.DTheyseldomhelpadultstoreduceweight.
16.APayhistelephonebills.BWorkouthisdailyagenda.CConsultahealth-careworker.DEnjoyfoodtohisheart’scontent.
17.ABecausetheyfeelitnecessarytosetanexamplefortheirchildren.BBecausetheyconsiderittobethesafestfortheirchildren.CBecausetheythinktheridecanhelpreducetheirweights.DBecausetheywanttoprovethemselvestobeadventurous.
18.ATheycanhaveaguilt-freeexperience.BTheycanrefrainfromeatingjunkfood.CTheycankeeptheirchildrencompany.DTheycanescapefromtheirdailyworkandpressures.Questions19-
2219.AShop-assistantandcustomer.BHusbandandwife.CPoliceandpedestrian.DTravelguideandtourist.
20.AAnitemofclothing.BAbottleofafter-shave.CAnOlympicrecord.DApairofsocks.
21.AAbookandarecord.BPerfume.CSkirtsandsocks.DAtickettoseethecircus.
22.AGosightseeingatPiccadilly.BHaveacupofEnglishtea.CEnjoyafunnyFrenchshow.DReturntothehotelandtakearest.Questions23-
2623.AMarketingdoesmoreharmthangoodtocustomers.BMarketingjustmeansthatbusinessesselltheirproducts.CMarketingissomethingeveryoneofusdoesquiteoften.DMarkingincludesavarietyofbusinessactivities.
24.AWhenyouareshortlistedforaninterview.BWhenyouarewatchingtelevisionathome.CWhenyouhaveaskedtoborrowabicycle.DWhenyouhaveconcludedamedicalresearch.
25.AWhenyouareapplyingforajob.BWhenyouarepayingyourtuitionfee.CWhenyouareridingabus.DWhenyouareinterviewingcandidates.
26.AThepromotionofideas.BThepricingofgoods.CTheexchangeprocess.DTheproductdistribution.Questions27-
3027.ATheyarebored.BTheywantawageincrease.CTheydemandshorterhours.DTheyliketobeattheirrivals.
28.ACarmaking.BTourism.CCottontextile.DElectronics.
29.AFightformarkets.BBemoreinventiveandinnovative.CExpandintoITindustry.DBehonestandfairinbusinessdealings.
30.AThankyou.BAverage.CQuitegood.DExcellent.PartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5Pollutioncontrol-ismanagementofwastematerialsinordertominimizetheeffectsofpollutantsonpeopleandtheenvironment.Thequalityofhumanhealthandofthenaturalenvironmentdependsonadequatepollutioncontrol.IntheUnitedStatesmuchhasbeendonetocontrolthemorenoticeablepollutant5since1965;moresubtleyetstillhazardouspollutantshoweverremaintobeadequatelycontrolled.Fourgeneralapproachestopollutioncontrolare:theintermittentreductionofindustrialactivitiesduringperiodsofhighair-pollutionconditions;widerdispersionofpollutantsusingsuchdevicesastallersmokestacks;reductionofpollutantsinindustrialemission;andchangeofanindustrialprocessoractivityinordertoproducelesspollution.Tallersmokestacksmayreducetheconcentrationstowhichlocalpeopleareexposedbuttheyareineffectiveinreducingoverallpollution.Pollutantsremovedfromwasteflowstoreduceemissionstoairandwatermaybedisposedofbyburialorstorageonlandpracticesthatposepotentialhazards.Recentlegislationrequitingextensiveemissionsreductionshasresultedinlargeinvestmentsinpollution-treatmenttechnologies.Thefourthapproach--changingamanufacturingprocessoractivityinordertoproducelesspollution--mayinvolveeithertheproductionoffewerresidualsbymeansofanimprovedprocessortheseparationandreuseofmaterials/fromthewastestream.Thismethodofpollutioncontrolisthemosteffectiveandasthecostsofpollutioncontrolandwastedisposalincreaseisconsideredoneofthemostefficient.Pollution-treatmentsystemshavebeeneffectivein-reducingthemassivequantitiesofwaterandairpollutantsthathavecloggedandchokedurbanareas.Althoughtheimprovementshavebeensignificantrecentpollution-controllegislationaimstogofurtherinordertocontrolthelessvisiblebutoftenhazardouschemicalandgaseouspollutantsthatstillcontaminatemanywaterwaysandurbanatmospheres.Thecostsofpollutioncontrol--resultingfromcapitalmaintenanceandlaborcostsaswellasfromthecostofadditionalresidualsdisposal--generallygouprapidlyasagreaterpercentageofresidualsisremovedfromthewastestream.Damagefrompollutionontheotherhandgoesdownasagreateramountofcontaminantsisremoved.Theoreticallytheleveloftreatmentshouldcorrespondtoapointatwhichtotalcostsoftreatmentandofdamagetotheenvironmentareminimizedorthebenefitsoffurthertreatmentareproportionallymuchsmallerthantheincreasedcost.Inrealitycostsordamagesresultingfrompollutioncanrarelybeassessedintermsofdollars.
1.AccordingtothepassageAllofthefollowingcanbeobjectivesofpollutioncontrolEXCEPT_________.AreducingpollutingsubstancesBcontrollingallthepollutantsCrestrictingindustrialactivitiesDimprovingtheenvironmentandhumanhealth
2.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthesecondapproachtopollutioncontrolAItisthemosteffectiveofthefour.BItiseffectiveinsomeway.CItiseconomicalbutnotatalleffective.DItisnoteconomical.
3.Accordingtothepassagerecentpollution-controllegislationaimsto_________.AcontrollessvisibleaswellaslesshazardouschemicalpollutantsBincreasethecostsofpollutioncontrolandwastematerialdisposalChavemorestrictcontroloverlessevidentbutoftendangerouspollutantsDeliminateallthehazardouschemicalandgaseouspollutants
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageALawshavebeenmadetodeveloppollution-treatmentsystems.BPollution-treatmentsystemshavebeeneffectiveinreducingthemassivequantitiesofwaterandairpollutants.CMaterialsfromwastetreatmentprocessescanbemadeusefulagain.DThemostofpollutiontreatmentisproportionallysmallerthanthatofdamagetotheenvironment.
5.Theoverallpurposeofthepassageis_________.AtodiscussthewaysofandproblemsinpollutioncontrolBtogivesuggestionsaboutpollutioncontrollegislationCtocompareandcontrastthefourapproachestopollutioncontrolDtodescribewhathasbeenachievedinpollutioncontrolQuestions6-10Democracyissomuchapartofournationalidentitythatitalmostseemsabirthright.Buttheironyisthatevenaswehopetospreaddemocracyelsewhereweriskpreachingthevirtuesofaformofgovernmentwenolongerpracticeourselves.Theupcomingelectionsourproudestcelebrationofdemocracywillhighlightsomeofthethreatstoourgovernmentbythepeople.Technicallyeveryvoteiscounted.ButwilltheballotyoucastreallymakeadifferenceNotlikelyunlessyouliveinoneofabout17battlegroundstateswherethecontestbetweenPresidentBushandSenatorKerry-couldeasilygoeither:way.Ifyoucomefromastatethatisalreadylockedupbyoneoftheparties--andmostofusdo--yourvotewontcarrymuchweight.Thatsbecauseofouridiosyncraticelectoralcollegesystem.RatherthanbeingelecteddirectlybythepeoplethePresidentwouldbechosenbyagroupofelectorsappointedbythe-statelegislatures--withthenumberofelectorsdeterminedbythestatestotalnumber.ofrepresentativestoCongressandU.S.Senators.ByallottingtwoSenatorstoeachstateourfoundersenabledsmallstatestowieldaninfluencegreaterthantheirpopulationsalone-would-warrantensuringthatthemostpopulousstateswouldntdecideeveryPresidentialelectionButherestherub:Whenitcomestothoseelectoralvotesitswinner-take-allexceptinMaineandNebraskaGetmorepopularVotesevenifonlybyoneandyougraballofthestateselectoralvotes.Theresyetanotherwaythattheelectoralsystemunderminesourvote.In2000thePresidentialcampaignslargelyignorethe33Statesthatwerentupforgrabs.EvenCaliforniaTexasandNewYork--statesofferingmanyelectoralvotesbuylittlepartisancompetition--feltbythewaysideifvictoryordefeatdependedonthepopularvote_thencandidateswouldhavetoworkforeachone.Instead:theydecidewhichstatesareinplayandgoafterthevoterthere.Theyrarelyvisitotherplacesandthemajorityofusdontexperiencearealcampaign.HeresoneideathatcouldhelpusinfuturePresidentialelectionsInanumberofcountriestheyhaveasystemofdirectpopular-votebutwithacriticalprovision:intheeventthat-noonewinsbyamajoritythey.holdaninstantrunoff.Thatsdonebyallowingvotersto-registernotonlytheirfirstchoiceamongthecandidatesbyalsotheirsecondandthird.Ifarunoffisneededsayifthewinneramongseveralcandidateshaslessthan50percentofvoteyoucaneliminatethecandidatewiththelowesttallyandtransferhisorhersupporterstothesecondchoiceontheirballots.Thisprocesscanplayoutuntilthereisaclearvictor.Thissystemgiveweighttoeverypersonsvote--somethingoursystemofelectorswillneverdo.OnlyaConstitutionalamendmenthowevercanbringaboutthischange.
6.Thefunctionofthequotationmarkinthelastsentenceofthe1stparagraphisto_________.AquotewhatsomebodyhassaidBemphasizethethreatsCachievesarcasmDcreateasenseofhumor
7.The17statesthecandidateswouldvisitinthecampaignarethose_________.AlockedupbyoneofthepartiesBofferingmanyelectoralvotesCthatcouldeasilyfallbythewaysideDwherethecompetitioncouldeasilygoeitherway
8.Theword“rub”inthe3rdparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.AtheactofrubbingBthetroubleCthesolutionDtheconflictingidea
9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassageASomepopularvotesmaycarrymoreweightthanothers.Btheoutcomeoftheelectiondependsontheelectoralvotes.COnecanwintheelectiononlybygettingmorepopularvotes.DTheelectoralsystempreventsthemostpopulousstatesfromdecidingeveryelection.
10.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitlefrothispassageAIsPopularVoteMoreDemocraticBOurElectionSystem:ATrueDemocracyCHowtoBattleThreatstoOurDemocracyDHowMuchDoesYourVoteReallyCountQuestions11-15Americansarefarmoresophisticatedaboutbeveragesthantheywere20yearsago.WitnesstheStarbucksrevolutionandyoullknowwherethetrendgoes.Nowspurredonbyrecentstudiessuggestingthatitcancuttheriskofcancerandheartdiseaseandretardtheagingprocessteaisenjoyingasimilarjolt.Enoughchicteasalonsarespringinguptomakeevendie-hardcoffeedrinkersconsiderswitchingbeverages.Teaisavailableinmoreplacesthanever.Teawasoneofthemostprolificbeveragecategoriesin1999with24percentmoreproductsofferedoverthepreviousyearreportsTomVierhileofMarketingIntelligenceServicewhichtracksfoodandbeveragetrends.AndtheTeaAssociationoftheUnitedStatesreportsthatfromt990to1999annualsalesofthedrinkgrewto$
4.6billionfrom$
1.8billion.GreenteaisseenbyconsumersasafunctionalfooddeliveringhealthbenefitsbeyondsustenancesaysVierhile.Recentlypublishedstudiespointoutthatnotallbrewsarecreatedequal.OnlyteasthatcomefromtheleavesoftheplantCamelliasinensis--whichintheirrawstatearebrewedtomakegreenteaandwithcuringcanbeturnedintooolongandblacktealeaves--havebeenshowntocontainhealthbenefits.Otherherbalteasandinfusionsmaytastegoodyet.theydolittlemorethanwarmupthedrinker.ButforCamelliasinensistheevidenceispowerful.Ina1998studyHarvard:Universityresearchersfoundthatdrinkingonecupofblackteaadaylowered-theriskofheartattackbyasmuchas44percentcomparedwithnon-teadrinkers;andotherstudieshavesuggestedthattheantioxidantsinthesesocalledrealteascanalsopreventcancer.OnesuchantioxidantingreenteaisECGCacompound20timesaspowerfulasvitaminEand200timesaspowerfulasvitamin
2.Whenpeopleaskmeforsomethinggoodandcheaptheycandotoreduce-theircancerriskItellthemdrinkrealteasaysMitchellGaynordirectorofmedicaloncologyatNewYorkCitysStrang-CornellCancerPreventionCentre.Amongthoseinspiredtobecomeagreen-teadrinkerisTessGhilagaaNewYorkwriterwhotookitupafterconsultinganutritionistsixyearsago.IveneverbeenacoffeedrinkersaysGhilaga33Shetoldmetostartdrinkinggreenteafortheantioxidantproperties.NowGhilagaandherhusbandroutinelybrewtea-theyordertheirsfromInPursuitoftea.comanInternetteacompanywhichsellsavarietyofready-madeandrawteas.www.alitea.comAlongwithgreenblackandoolongteathiscompanysellsawidevarietyofherbalteasandoffersaTeaoftheMonthclub.www.teasofgreen.comhttp://www.teasofgreen.comThissitesellshigher-endgreenblackandoolongteasandhasgoodtipsonproperstorageandpreparationoftea.www.tea.comTeadrinkerscanfindlinkstositesofferingtealoresuchasarticlesaboutteaceremoniesinforeignlands.Anexhaustivefrequentlyaskedquestionsfileroundsoutthesite.
11.WhatdorecentstudiesrevealaboutteadrinkingAManyteahouseshavesprunguptomeetthemarketdemands.BDrinkingteacancuttheriskoflungcancerinparticular.CTeaisratheramagicaldrinkingmaterialtoslowdowntheagingprocess.DManydie-hardcoffeebrewershavedevelopedstrongsentimentstowardstea.
12.WhatdidTomVierhileofMarketingIntelligenceServicedoaccordingtothepassageAHereportedabouttheavailabilityofallkindsofteaaroundtheworld.BHetrackedthesourcesofteaandotherbeveragesinAsiancountries.CHegaveadetailedanalysisofprofessionalcategorizationofteaandotherbeverages.DHefollowedthetrendsofteaandotherbeveragesandanalysetheminaprofessionalway.
13.TheleavesoftheplantCamelliasinensis_________.Acanbeusedtomakegreenteaorblackteaafterpropertreatments.BareturnedintooolongorblacktealeavesforthepurposeofcuringChavepowerfulevidencetoshowitshealingpowerforcertainillnessesDtastegoodyetdolittlemorethanwarmupthedrinker
14.AccordingtothepassagewhatisECGCAAmedicinemadefromgreentea.BApowerfulsubstanceingreentea.CAnadditiveessentialtogreentea.DAspecialtreatmenttomakegreentea.
15.IfyouareinterestedinteafestivalswhichwebsitewouldyoumostprobablysurfonAwww.tea.comBwww.teasofgreen.comCwww.Inpursuitoftea.comDwww.alitea.comhttp://www.alitea.comQuestions16-20Abluesedannearlysideswipesmycar.Thedrivergivesmeaweirdlook.Nowonder:ImatthewheelofaFordTauruswithatangleofwirestapedtomyfaceandneckarespirationmonitorstrappedaroundmychestandabunchofothergizmossendingdataaboutmyvitalsignstocomputersstackedonthefrontandbackseats.IlooklikethestarofACommutersClockworkOrange.UniversityofIowaassistantprofessorofengineeringThomasSchnelliscrammedintotheseatbehindme.Schnellcreatedthislab-on-wheelstogaugehowamotoristsbodyreactstodriving.Hewantscarmakerstousehisfindingstodesignsmartcarsthatmakedrivinglessstressful.Imtakinghisrollingresearchfacilityforawhite-.knuckleeveningspininChicago---hometosomeofthenationsworstrush-hourtraffic--tolearnwhathappenstothehumanbodyduringalongfrustratingcommute.Soat5:15onaMondaywithastormwhippinginoffLakeMichiganIpulloutofadowntownparkinglotandbegincreepingalongInterstate90headingwestbehindalineofcarsthatstretchesasfarastheeyecansee.Nowandthenthepacepicksupbutjustasquicklyitslowstoahaltredbrakelightsglowinginthetwilight.IfIhadtodothiseverydayIdgrindmyteethtodust.After45minutesSchnellandIhavegonejust10miles.AsthecarcrawlsalongSchnelloccasionallyasksWhatisyourleveloffunHenotesmyresponses;someofthemunprintableonaclipboard.HereswhatthecomputersIm-tetheredtorecord:Ibeginbreathingharderandfaster.Myrespirationrateleafsfrom12to17breathsperminute.Myheartratejumpsfrom74to80beatsperminute.TheelectrodestapedtothemusclesinmyforeheadshowincreasedactivityTranslation:MybrowfurrowsandIsquintalot.WhileIwasinnodangerofkeelingovermyheartrateandothersymptomsOfferedclearevidencethatIwasunderstresssaysRobertBonow.MDpresidentofTheAmericanHeartAssociationAHA.Overtimethatstresscouldtakeaheavytoll.Ifyouareamongtheroughly113millionAmericanswhodrivetoworkeachdayyoureprobablygrimacingwithrecognition.Withtrafficcongestiongettingworseeachyearanyonewhotravelsbycartotheofficeorplantorwhosimplyshuttleskidsfromschooltoviolinlessonstoslumberpartiesmaybeexposinghimselforherselftoserioushiddenhealththreats.Allthatcommutercombatisboundtoproducecasualties.PeopleareexperiencingmorecongestionandweknowthatsstressfulsaysColoradoStateUniversitypsychologistJerryDeffenbacher.Someresultsarepredictable.Recklessdriving--sometimesintheformofso-calledroadrageisoftenspurredbytrafficfrustration:Consider41-year-01dChrisHeard.Themild-manneredengineerusedtoturnintoMadMaxeverydayashedrovethenearly50milesofcloggedroadsbetweenhishomeinBrooklineN.H.andhisofficenearBoston.ItturnedmeintoaveryaggressivedriverhesaystakingriskscuttingpeopleoffdrivingfastonbackroadstomakeupfortimeIlost.Theresultofhiscongestion-fueledfuryAstackofspeedingticketsandanumberofnearcollisions.Finallyhedidsomethingaboutit:Hefoundajobclosertohome.
16.AccordingtothepassageProfessorThomasSchnellhascreatedhislab-on-wheels_______.Atomakeheartjumpfrom7480beatsperminuteBtomakerespirationrateleapfrom12to17breathsperminuteCtolearnhowtomakedrivingenjoyableduringrush-hourtrafficDtolearnhowadriverphysicallyreactstodriving
17.whywastheauthordrivingalongInterstate90onaMondayAHewastest-drivinghissmartcar.BHelikedtopickuphisdrivingskill.CHedidnotwanttobecaughtinthestorm.DHewasdongitforatest.
18.Thephrase“takeaheavytoll”para.6isclosestinmeaningto_______.Agrindone’steethBdamageone’shealthCincreaseone’sactivityDpaymoreatthetollgate
19.WhichofthefollowinginNOTtrueabout41-year-oldChrisHeardAHeusedtoplayaroleinamovie.BHegotastackofspeedingtickets.CHefoundajobclosertohome.DHehadanumberofnearcollisions.
20.WhatisthebesttitleforthepassageAAreYouaRecklessDriverBHowDoYouImproveYourDrivingSkillCAreYourDrivingYourselfSickDHowDoYouDesignSmartCarsQuestions21-25Transportationisthemovementorconveyingofpersonsandgoodsfromonelocationtoanother.Ashumanbeingsfromancienttimestothe21stcenturysoughttomaketheirtransportfacilitiesmoreefficienttheyhavealwaysendeavoredtomovepeopleandpropertywith-theleastexpenditureoftimeeffortandcost.Improvedtransportationhadhelpedmakepossibleprogresstowardbetterlivingthe-modernsystemsofmanufacturingandcommerceandthecomplexinterdependenturbaneconomypresentinmuchoftheworldtoday.Primitivehumanbeingssupplementedtheirowncarryingofgoodsandpossessionsbystartingtodomesticateanimals--trainingthemtobearsmallloadsandpullcrudesleds.TheinventionofthewheelprobablyinwesternAsia;wasagreatstepforwardintransport.AsthewheelwasperfectedcrudecartsandwagonsbegantoappearintheTigris-Euphratesvalleyabout3500BCandlaterinCreteEgyptandChina.WheeledvehiclescouldnotusethenarrowpathsandtrailsusedbypackanimalsandearlyroadsweresoonbeingbuiltbytheAssyriansandthePersians.ThegreatestimprovementsintransportationhaveappearedinthelasttwocenturiesaperiodduringwhichtheIndustrialRevolutionhasvastlychangedtheeconomiclifeoftheentireworld:Cruderailways--horse-drawnwagonswithwoodenwheelsandrails--hadbeenusedinEnglishandEuropeanminesduringthe17thcentury.AlthoughitfirstappearedinEnglandtherailroadhaditsmostdramaticgrowthintheUnitedStates.By1840morethan4800kmofrailroadwerealreadyoperatingintheeasternstatesafigure40percentgreaterthanthe.totalrailroadmileageofEurope.SinceWorldWarIhowevertheU.S.railroadshavebeeninadeclineduepartlytotherapiddevelopmentofprivateautomobilestrucksbusespipelinesandairlines.Thefirstnewmodeoftransportationtochallengetherailroadwasthemotorvehiclewhichwasmadepossiblebytheinventioninthe1860sand70softheinternalcombustionengine.TheautomobilefounditsgreatestpopularityintheUnitedStateswherethefirsthorselesscarriagesappearedinthe1890s.Twohundredmillionmotorvehicleshadbeenproducedinthenationwithin70yearsoftheirfirstappearance.Theautomobilethusbecameinmanywaysasimportanttothe20thcenturyastherailroadshadbeentothe19th.Duringthesameperiodintercitybusestookoveralargeportionofcommercialpassengertravelandtrucksbegancarryingagreatdealofthenationsfreight.Althoughtheemphasisonfuelconservationwanedinthe1980sfewdoubtthattheissuewillemergeagainwhenoilscarcitiesloomastheydidinthe1970s.Futurepossibilitiesincludeautomobileswithfargreaterfuelefficiencyandimprovedmass-transitsystems.Bothwilloccurnotonlyinresponsetooil-supplydisruptionbutalsoasananswertoincreasingdemandsforcleanerair.Improvementsinmasstransitofferthemostpromiseforthefuture.Amtraks1993introductionoftheSwedishhigh-speedtiltingtrainshouldcuttraveltimebetweensomeEastCoastcitiesbyalmosthalfoncetracksareentirelyelectrified.
21.FromthefirstparagraphitcanbeinferredthattransportexertsagreatinfluenceonallthefollowingEXCEPT_______.AeconomicdevelopmentBlivingconditionsCindustrialproductionDpoliticalrights
22.Thefirstsignificantprogressintransportinancienttimeswasattributedto_______.AthemakingofcartsandwagonsBtheconstructionofroadsCtheinventionofwheelsDthebuildingoftracks
23.Accordingtothepassagetherailroadfirstappearedin_______.AChinaBEnglandCCreteDEgypt
24.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat_______.Atherehadbeenoilcrisesinthe1970sBthemotorvehiclesplayedaleadingroleinthedeclineofrailroadsCautomobilesweremoreimportantthanrailroadsDenvironmentalprotectionwasamajorconcernindevelopingtransport
25.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutthe“tiltingtrain”AItcancarrymorefreightthanothervehicles.BItrequiresitstrackstobeelectrical.CItsspeeddemandscleanerair.DItscostisverylow.Questions26-30AvisitorfromBarcelonaarrivesataMadridgovernmentofficeinmid-afternoonandissurprisedtofindonlythecleaningladythereDonttheyworkintheafternoonsheasks.Nosherepliestheydontworkinthemornings.Intheafternoonstheydontcome.LazyMadridbusyBarcelona:itisjustoneofmanystereotypesaboutSpainsgreatrivals.MostlythestereotypesarebornofBarcelonasbitternessatitssecond-classstatus.BarcelonaisthecapitalofCataloniaaproudlyautonomousregionbutMadridisthecapitalofSpain.Thiscausesresentment.ItmakesBarcelonathelargestcityinWesternEuropenottobeanationalcapital.WorseBarcelonaCataloniascapitalsincetheninthcenturyregardsMadridacreationofPhilipIIinthe16thcenturyasanupstart.AndafterbeingbossedaboutforsolongwhocanblamethemOvertheyearsgovernmentsinMadriddidtheirbesttostripBarcelonaofpoliticalpower.TheytriedtosquashtheCatalanlanguage.Theyevendecidedwhatthemoderncityshouldlooklike:in1860anorderfromMadridoverruledBarcelonaschoiceofplanforitsbigexpansionandoptedforagridlayout.Barcelonahastheliberalismthatoftencharacterizesportcities.AsCatalansseeitwhileMadridbathesinbureaucracyBarcelonagetsonwithbusiness.Anold-fashionedseriousnessinMadridisolatedhighuponSpainscentralplateaucontrastswiththelight-heartednessofBarcelonaopentoEuropeandaggressivelyavant-garde.Upontoapointtheseoldcaricaturesstillholdtrue.Novisitortogovernmentbuildingsinthetwocitiescanfailtobestruckbythecontrastbetweenthem.InMadridtherearecreakywoodenfloorsantiquefurnitureandwallscoveredwithpaintingsbySpanisholdmasters.InBarcelonathecityofGaudiandMirodesignerchairsandtablesareevidenceoftheplacesobsessionwithmodernism.MeetingsoftheCatalancabinetareheldinaroomwithalargemodernpaintingbyAntoniTapies.Andyetthesedaysthesimilaritiesbetweenthetwocitiesareatleaststrikingasthecontrasts.Madridishardlylazyanymore.Visitorsfindithardtokeepupwiththepaceoftheplace.Norisitold-fashionedindeedithasbecomealmostoutrageouslymodern.Tojudgebythelocalcuisineyouwouldthinktheplacewasaport:althoughfarfromtheseaseafoodisamiraculousMadridspecialty.AsbanksandbusinesshavebeendrawntoMadridithasbecomeasmuchacommercialandindustrialcentreasanadministrativeone.BarcelonameanwhileinSpainstraditionalindustrialheartlandhasbeenexperiencingariseinbureaucracy.TherivalrybetweenMadridandBarcelonaisboundtoremainfiercenotleastonthesoccerfieldwhereRealMadridandBarcelonacompeteforSpanishsupremacy.BarcelonawillcontinuetopressforyetmorepowertobedevolvedtoitfromMadrid:itiscallingfortheSenateSpainsupperhouseofparliamenttobemovedtotheCatalancapital.Butwithalotoflocalautonomyrestoredandwiththesuccessofthe1992OlympicsbehinditthechiponBarcelonasshoulderisbecomingeverhardertodetect.
26.WhichofthefollowingbestillustratesthestereotypesaboutMadridandBarcelonaAMadridgovernmentofficialsnevercometotheofficeintheafternoon.BBarcelonaisanefficientandlessbureaucraticplaceforbusinessdealings.CPeopleinBarcelonaareveryresentfulatMadrid’sbeingthecapitalcity.DBarcelonaisthelargestcityinWesternEuropebutitfailedtoclaimitsrightstatus.
27.HistoricallyBarcelonahasregardedMadridas_______.AlessbureaucraticBinferiorCanewcomerDlessfunny
28.HowdidgovernmentsinMadriddeliberatelystripBarcelonaofpoliticalpowerATheystronglyopposedagridlayoutinBarcelonawhichconfinesthecityinitsoriginalspace.BTheygavetheprioritytotheCatalanlanguageratherthanSpanish.CTheyturneddownBarcelona’sproposalforitsexpansion.DTheyridiculedBarcelona’ssecond-classstatus.
29.WhichofthefollowingisthemostlikelycaricatureofSpain’scapitalcityAGovernmenthouseshavedilapidatedwoodenfloorsantiquefurnitureandoldpaintings.BThepolishedwoodenfloorsanddesignerchairsandtablesarethesymbolsofgovernmenthouses.CMeetingsoftheCabinetareheldinaroomwithalargemodernpaintingbyAntoniTapies.DIthasallthehustleandbustlebecauseofitspoliticalsuperiority.
30.NowadayspeopleinBarcelonafeelmore_______Madridastheyusedto.AafraidofBhatefulofCobsessedwithDcompetitivewithSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLETAmericanshavecometoexpectalotoftheirpresidentsmoreperhapsthananymancandeliver.Wesaythatthepresidentrunsthecountrybutinpracticepresidentshavetroublerunninglargepartsofthegovernment.Weholdthepresidentresponsiblefortheeconomyeventhoughhehasfeweconomicleversathiscommand.Weexpectthecommanderinchieftoleadustovictoryinwarandthenwecomplainwhenwethinkheismicromanagingthemilitary.Andwetendtothinkofthepresidentasthepersonificationofthenationheleads.Fewotherdemocraciescombinethepositionofheadofgovernmentandheadofstate.WedoandsomeofthebitternessofourpoliticsspringsfromtheconvictionofmanyAmericansthatthisorthatpresidentdoesnotreallyrepresenttheircountry.Yetaswelookbackatourpresidentsweseethemlessaspartisanpoliticiansthanasnationalleaderswhoindifferentwayshavehelpeddevelopthestrengthsandvirtuesofournation.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.有人把香港说成是“文化沙漠”实际上,香港有着其独特的文化氛围在电影制作方面,香港名列世界前茅其流行歌曲在全球华人中有着广泛的影响而且还有8所知名的大学这座城市特殊的历史和地理因素造就了一种多样化的文化每年一度由政府主办的艺术嘉年华为当地艺术家展示其独创性提供了一个广阔的平台,并鼓励更多人参与文化艺术创作,为中国的文化繁荣作出了许多创新和突破参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.hardenedcriminals
11.overseetheproceeding
2.possiblesolution
12.regularcourtsystem
3.committedanoffence
13.426communities
4.pleadguilty
14.achancetoparticipate
5.thejuvenilecourt’spermission
15.educateandmotivate
6.ofthesameage
16.bettercommunication
7.determineasentence
17.alternative
8.clear
18.recognizetheirmistake
9.performingcommunityservice
19.arespectforthemselves
10.agreetoaccept
20.legalsystemPartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.C
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.C
8.B
9.A
10.C
2.TalksandConversations
11.C
12.D
13.A
14.C
15.A
16.D
17.D
18.B
19.D
20.A
21.C
22.B
23.B
24.B
25.A
26.C
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.DPartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1现在人们几乎在网上订购和购买所有的东西在网上几乎每天都会出现新的网站,书本、CD唱片、甚至是股票都能在网站买到2这原本应该只是一个简短的情况介绍会,可却开了3个小时除了会议主席以外,我们所有的人走出会议室时都已经累垮了3我试图为我们国家建立一个新的政府,一个更小型的,更现代,更有效的政府,而且总是把人民放在首位,总是放眼未来4由于股票市场持续走高和科技股的出现,今年的最富的那些人财富又增加了50亿5根据最近的一项调查统计,在英国,有65%的新人在教堂里举行婚礼,大多数人死后的葬礼是基督教式的,但平时定期去教堂的人20%都不到
2.PassageTranslation1如果你出生在美国收入排名前十的家庭里,你的收入排名前十的概率是三分之一如果你出生所在的家庭的收入属于最低的十分之一,那么,你成为首富的可能微乎其微机会是平等的,话是这么说,但不管是在美国还是在别的国家,富人越来越富,穷人却难以度日富人和穷人之间的差距越拉越大,这是关系每个人的问题,也是每个人的责任2信用卡业务已经发展了50个年头了有些信用卡的确为人们提供了方便医院的心脏手术费可以用信用卡支付,政府的个人所得税也可以用信用卡缴纳如果要买洗衣机或电脑,有的人就不再存钱去买,而是使用信用卡赊购的方式购买他们没有意识到赊购比用现金购买实际支付了更多的钱只因为获得赊购非常容易,现在许多美国人负债累累SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.C
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.A
6.A
7.D
8.B
9.C
10.D
11.C
12.D
13.A
14.B
15.A
16.D
17.D
18.B
19.A
20.C
21.D
22.C
23.B
24.A
25.B
26.B
27.C
28.C
29.A
30.DSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】美国人对总统的期望值越来越高, 高于他们的能力所及我们认为总统治理着国家,但是实际上,总统在处理大部分政府事务时存在困难我们也认为,总统应对国家的经济发展负责即使他们掌控的经济调节杠杆很有限 我们希望,总司令能在战争中带领我们走向胜利但是,当我们认为他们失去对军事大局控制的时候,又牢骚满腹我们往往认为,总统是他所领导的国家的化身在别的民主国家中,很少有人同时兼任政府首领和国家首领但是我们却是如此我们的政治招致一些不满,是由于美国人认为,无论哪个总统都不能真正代表他们的国家但是当我们回顾历届总统的时候,我们并不把他们看成某个党派的政治家,而是看作整个国家的首领他们以各自不同的方式增强了我们的国力,发扬了我们的美德SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】HongKongissaid/knowntobea“culturaldesert”.YetHongKonghasauniqueculturewithHongKongcharacteristics.ItsfilmproductionranksamongthebestintheworldanditspopsongshavewidelyinfluencedChinesearoundtheworld.Besidesitboasts8famousuniversities./HongKonghasauniqueculture,rankingamongthebestintheworldinitsfilmproductioninfluencingChinesearoundtheworldwithitspopsongsandboasting8famousuniversities.Thecity’sspecialhistoricalandgeographicaltraitshavecontributedtoadiverseculture.TheannualArtCarnivalsponsoredbythegovernmentprovidesabigstageforlocalartiststoshowcasetheiroriginalityandencouragesmorepeopletoparticipateinculturalandartisticactivitiesthusmakinginnovationsandbreakthroughsfortheprosperityofChineseculture.2005年9月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouANSWERBOOKLET.Rememberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.Ifyoufindyouspendmorethanyoumakethereareonlytwothingstodo:decreaseyourspendingor________
1.Itsofteneasiesttodecreaseexpendituresbecauseyourexpensestendtobemore________
2.Thereareasmanywaysto________3astherearepeoplelookingtosaveit.Forexampleyoumaypoolyourresourceswithfriendsor________4onlyduringsalesorevenlivemoresimply.But________5thatsavingmoneyshouldnotnecessarilybeanendinitself.Dont________6ofwaystosaveadimeanddontgetupsetaboutsituationswhere________7tospendmoney.Thegoalistobringyourbudgetintobalancenottobecomeatightwadwhokeeps________8ofeverypennyandfeelsthatspendingmoneyisa________
9.Itisimportanttorememberthatbudgetsmaybe________10notonlybydecreasingexpendituresbutalsobyincreasingincome________11toincreaseincomeistogeta________12ifyoudontalreadyhaveone.Manystudentsworkduringcollege.Althoughworkingaddstothe________13youwillfaceitdoesnotmeanthatyourgradeswillnecessarilysuffer.Infactmanystudentswhowork________14thanthosewhodontworkbecausethosewithjobsneedtobe________
15.Consideringpart-timeworkisoftenabetter________16fordealingwithbudgetshortfallsthantakingoutaloan.Becausestudentloansare________17itseasytousethemasacrutch.Loanscanbeofhelp________18orifyoucouldntaffordtoattendacollegewithoutthem.Ifyoudo________19remindyourself:onedaysoonyoullhaveto________20withinterest.PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.AIknowmanybusinesspeopleattheBeachsideHotel.BTheBeachsideistheonlyfavoritehotelformanybusinesspeople.CManybusinesspeopleliketoholdconferencesintheBeachsideHotel.DManybusinesspeopleprovidethebestconferencefacilitiesfortheBeachside.
2.AOnly25to30collegegraduateswillbeshort-listedfortheinterview.BTheapplicantswillbeaskedtodoaqualificationtest.CNoonebut25to30-year-oldcollegegraduatescanapplyforthejob.DThedepartmentneeds25to30collegegraduatestofinishtheevaluation.
3.ASeldomarenewscientifictheoriesrejectedquickly.BNewscientifictheoriesareoftenslowtobeaccepted.CScientistsrarelypublishtheirtheoriesimmediately.DQuickbenefitsareexpectedfromthisnewscientifictheory.
4.AWearecontentwithourcooperation.BWeplantostrengthenourcooperation.CTheprojectwasnotapprovedbythetwosides.DTheprojectwasnotcompletedontime.
5.AAllthecommitteemembersexceptthechairmanwereagainsttheproposal.BNobodywantedtoputforwardaproposaltoopenasecondbranchdowntown.CThechairmanwastheonlyonewhowasagain~thenewproposal.DAfternegotiationsthecommitteedecidedtoopenanewbranchdowntown.
6.AWeofferafivetotenpercentdiscountunlessyourequireimmediatedelivery.BWepromisetorefundthemoneyifwecannotsendourproductsintime.CIfyouorderourproductsfightnowwewillgiveyoucertaincommissionincash.DBuyingourproductswillsavenotonlyyourmoneybutalsoyourtime.
7.AItwaspredictedthatIwouldbetheGuestofHonourattheShow.BIhadtowaitfor20yearsbeforeIwasinvitedtotheShow.CIdidntexpectthatIwouldbetheGuestofHonourfittheShow.DIsuspectedthatIwouldbegivenaleadingroleinthemovie.
8.AItwouldntbewisetoreopenthediscussionontheprojecttoday.BIthinkweshouldreconsiderourinvestmentintheproject.CDontyouthinkwecouldbewisebyincreasingourinvestmentDHaveyoueverseensuchawonderfulviewofthewoods
9.AWewillbeatourrivalinthefootballleaguematchontheplayground.BWewillhavetoconsulttheexpertstolearnourrivalsfinancialposition.COurspecialknowledgeanddiligencewillmakeupforourlackoffunds.DOurstaffmembersaremoreexperiencedanddiligentinraisingfunds.
10.APeopleusingtheInternetwillsoonbealmostdoubled.BPopulationisexplodingbecauseoftheInteract.CTenyearsagoonlyrichpeoplecanaffordtousetheInteract.DTheInternetpopulationwillincreasetwo-foldintenyears.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsONLYONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AMakeaphonecall.BAskforheradvice.CReturnsomebooks.DBorrowhernotes.
12.AAnessayonart.BAbookreview.CAsurveyonITindustry.DAscienceproject.
13.ALendhimsomebooks.BGivehimmoreadvice.CReturnthebooksbyWednesday.DLethimusehernotes.
14.AOnFriday.BThenextday.CIntheevening.DAfewhourslater.Questions15-
1815.ARealwordsspokenbynew-borns.BTalkusedwithchildrenbyimmaturepeople.CLuckynamesforanimalssuchascowsanddogs.DChildishtalkusedwithyoungchildren.
16.AItassistschildrentodeveloplanguageskillsmorequickly.BItcamsmoreadmirationfromotherparents.CItmakeschildrentobecomemoreobedientandhumble.DIthelpschildrenbetterunderstandandcommunicatewithadults.
17.AByspeakinglikeababy.BByusingrealnames.CBybeingconsistent.DBytalkinginapatronizingway.
18.ABecausetheyarethesourceofadmirationfromtheirpeers.BBecausetheycanpreparechildrenforthecomplexityinlaterlife.CBecausetheycosttheparentslessthanthedessertsandtoys.DBecausetheycanhelpthechildrenbecomemoreconsistentinfuture.Questions19-
2219.ARestaurantownerandcustomer.BTeacherandstudent.CHusbandandwife.DDoctorandpatient.
20.ASometimesnothingatall.BAsandwichandacupofcoffee.CSomevitaminpills.DSomemineralwater.
21.AHestiredofhispromotionandnewresponsibilities.BHefindsitdifficulttocopewithsomanyurgentprojects.CHesquitesatisfiedwiththerecentprogressinhiswork.DHethinksittobeaheadachethathehastoworklateeverynight.
22.AEatingmorefood.BGettingsomeexercise.CTakingsomemedicine.DQuittinghisjob.Questions23-
2623.AWriting.BReading.CSpeaking.DListening.
24.ABecauseweoftentakeourabilitytolisteningforgranted.BBecausewearesurroundedbyallsortsofnoises.CBecausewedonotspendmuchtimelistening.DBecausewedonotattachgreatimportancetolistening.
25.A30percent.B45percent.C50percent.D75percent.
26.ATheshipcrewignoredrepeatedwarnings.BThepassengersdidnotlistentothecaptain.CThecrewrefusedtoobeythecaptainsorders.DThecaptaindidnotsleepwellthenightbeforetheaccident.Questions27-
3027.ABecausehecouldavoidbeingkilledbytheH-bomb.BBecausehehadanewworldtofightfor.CBecamehewasabletoenjoyapollution-freelife.DBecausehesucceededinsettinguphisownbusiness.
28.AMovingfromplacetoplace.BEnjoyinglifeinthecountry.CMakingalittleprogresseachday.DWorkingandlearning.
29.APollutionandpopulationexplosion.BUniversalloveandunderstandingbetweenpeople.CAdviceandsuggestionsfortheirchildren.DResponsibilitiesforoneanotherregardlessofracecolourornationality.
30.ABecausetheydontexperiencethesamekindofproblems.BBecametheycannotadaptthemselvestothefastprogress.CBecametheyaretoooldtofightforanewworld.DBecametheyfeelthegenerationgapistoogreattospanover.PartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5Onedaydroughtmaybeathingofthepastatleastinanycountrynottoofarfromthesea.Vastareasofdesertthroughouttheworldmayforthefirsttimecometolifeandprovidemillionsofhectaresofcultivatedlandwherenownothinggrows.Bytheendofthiscenturythismaynotbemerespeculation.ScientistsarealreadylookingintothepossibilityofusingsomeoftheavailableiceintheArcticandAntarctic.Intheseregionstherearevastice-capsformedbysnowthathasfallenoverthepast50000years.Layeruponlayerofdeepsnowmeansthatwhenmeltedthesnowwaterwouldbepurenotsaltyassea-icewouldbe.Thereissomuchpotentialpurewaterherethatitwouldneedonlyafractiontoturnmuchofthedesertorpoorlyirrigatedpartsoftheworldintorichfarmland.Andwhatusefulpackageswouldcomein!Itshouldbepossibletohackoffabitoficeandtransportit!Alternativelyperhapsapassingicebergcouldbecaptured.Theyarealwaysbreakingawayfromthemaincapsandfloatingaroundpushedbycurrentsuntiltheyeventuallymeltandarewasted.Manyicebergsareofcoursemuchtoosmalltobetowedanydistanceandwouldmeltbeforetheyreachedacountrythatneededthemanywhere.Itwouldbenecessarytoharnessonethatwasmanageableandthatwasbigenoughtoprovideagoodsupplywhenitreachedus.Engineersthinkthatanicebergupto11kilometreslongand2kilometreswidecouldbetransportedifthetugpullingitwasasbigasasupertanker!Eventhentheywouldcoveronly32kilometreseveryday.HoweveroncetheicebergwasatitsdestinationsayatoneendofHongKongharbourmorethan7000millioncubicmetresofwatercouldbetakenfromit!ThatwouldprobablybemorethanenoughforHongKongeveninthehottestsummer!Butnodoubtausecouldbefoundforit.Apparentlyscientistssaytherewouldnotbetoomuchwastageinsuchajourney.Thelargertheicebergthesloweritmeltsevenifitistowedthroughthetropics.Thisisbecausewhenthesunhasabiggerareatowarmuplessheatactuallygetsintotheiceberg.Thevastfrozencenterwouldbeunaffected.EvenwiththegianttugthatwouldhavetobeavailabletotowanicebergsevenmileslongthevoyagewouldtakemanymonthsfromtheAntarctictoHongKongforexamplebutasstrongerenginesarebuiltandmoreisknownaboutseacurrentsthejourneycouldgetshorterandshorterandthusthewastagelessandless.Airlinepilotshavelearnttousejetstreamstenmilesabovetheearthtoincreasespeedandsavefuelsosurelyaboattowinganicebergcouldmakeuseoffast-flowingcurrentsandavoidwarmerwater.
1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat______.AmuchofdeserthasbeenchangedintorichfarmlandalreadyBtheproblemofdroughtcoul~leasilybesolvedallovertheworldCicefromthepolarareamaybeusedtosolvetheproblemofdroughtDitispossibletosolvetheproblemofdroughtinmanycountries
2.Welearnformthepassagethaticebergs______.Atookshapeasearlyas50000yearsagoBareeventuallywastedwhilefloatingaroundCmeltmoreslowlyintropicsthaninanyotherareasDareoftentoobigtobeofanyvalue
3.ThedifficultyofusingicetosolvethedroughtproblemliesinallofthefollowingEXCEPT______.AtheproperequipmentfortransportationBthetimetakenonthejourneyCthestorageofthefreshwaterDthepropersizeoficebergs
4.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueAThetimefortowingicebergsmaybemadeshorter.BItispossibletouseshipstotowicebergsfromthepolarareas.CAirlinepilotsmaymakeuseofjetstreamstohelptowinganiceberg.DNottoomuchoftheicebergwouldmeltwhilebeingtowedthroughtheoceans.
5.Theauthorsattitudetowardsthesolutiontotheproblemofdroughtis______.AdoubtfulBpositiveCdiscouragingDcriticalQuestions6-10Mostsorethroatsarecausedbyaninfectionwhichtreatmentwithantibioticscannotcure.Butwithsimpleremediesthepatientnormallygetsbetterin4or5days.Sorethroatsarecommon.Mostofthetimethesorenessisworseinthemorningandimprovesasthedayprogresses.Likecoldsthevastmajorityofsorethroatsarecausedbyviralinfections.ThismeansmostsorethroatswillNOTrespondtoantibiotics.Manypeoplehaveamildsorethroatatthebeginningofeverycold.Whenthenoseorsinusesbecomeinfecteddrainagecanrundownthebackofthethroatandirritateitespeciallyatnight.Orthethroatitselfcanbeinfected.Withasorethroatsometimesthetonsilsorsurroundingpartsofthethroatareinflamed.Eitherwayremovingthetonsilstotrytopreventfuturesorethroatsisnotrecommendedformostchildren.Tonsillitishoweverusuallystartswithasorethroatwhichcausespainonswallowing.Withchildren—andsomeadult—theremaybeafeverandthepatientisobviouslynotfeelingwell.Itmaybepossibletoseewhitespotsonthebackofthethroat.Theneckmayalsoswellbothofwhicharethenormalresponsetoinfection.Sometimesasorethroatmayoccurwiththecommoncoldandwithinfluenzatheremaybedrynessofthethroatpainoncoughingandlossofvoice.TREATMENT:Aspirin:Tohelprelievethepainonswallowingandifthereisonethefever.Useaspirintabletsdissolvedinwatersothatthepatientcangarglebeforeswallowing.Repeatthetreatmentevery4hours.Drink:Encouragethepatienttodrinkplenty.Food:Foodshouldnotbeforcedonapatientwhodoesnotwanttoeat.Steam:Ifthereispaininthethroatoncoughingbreathinginsteammayhelp.CHILDREN:Youngchildrenwhomaynotbeabletogargleshouldbegivenaspirindissolvedinwaterevery4hoursintherightdosefortheirage.Atoneyear:Asinglejunioraspirin.Atfiveyears:Halfanadultaspirin.Ateightyears:Onewholeadultaspirin.WHENTOSEETHEDOCTOR:Ifthesorethroatitstillgettingworseafter2days.Ifthepatientcomplainsofearache.Itthepatientsfeverincreases.Ifthepatientorparentisveryworried.
6.Accordingtothepassageitwouldappearthatmostsorethroats______.ArequireanimmediatevisittoadoctorBrespondquicklytotreatmentwithanantibioticCrarelyturnouttobeseriousillnessesDresultintonsillitiseven.whentreated
7.Oneofthesignsoftonsillitiscanoftenbe______.AdifficultyinswallowingfoodandliquidBpaininthechestwhenthepatientcoughsCwhitespotsappearingontheneckDearacheduringthefirstfourorfivedays
8.Inordertotreatasorethroatoneshould______.ApreventthepatientfromeatingtoomuchBgivethepatientupto4aspirintabletseveryhourCmakesurethepatienttakesinplentyofliquidDmakethepatientgarglewithsoftdrink
9.Youshouldcallthedoctorinif______.AtheinfectionspreadstoanothermemberofthefamilyBswellingoccursintheregionoftheearsCthepatientsvoiceislostaftertwodaysDthepatientsconditioncontinuestoworsen
10.Asusedinthepassagethewordgarglemeans______.AtowashonesmouthandthroatwithaliquidinmotionbybreathingthroughitBtoeatsomethingwithacontinuousandoftenaudibleactionofonesjawsCtobiteandworkinthemouthwithonesteethespeciallytomakeiteasiertoswallowsomethingDtocauseorallowsomethingespeciallyfoodordrinktopassdownonessorethroatQuestions11-15IwatchedasDrIanSteadthearchaeologistinchargeoftheexcavationbegancarefullyremovingthepeatwithaclaymodellingtool.X-raystakenthroughtheboxwhileitwasatthehospitalrevealedribsbackbonearmbonesandaskullapparentlywithfractures.Howeverthebonesshoweduponlyfaintlybecauseacidinthepeathadremovedmineralsfromthem.UsingtheX-raysSteadstartedonwhathethoughtmightbealeg.ByhissidewasProfessorFrankOldfieldofLiverpoolUniversityanexpertonpeatwhocouldidentifyvegetationfromstemsonlyafractionofaninchlong.SimilarbodiesfoundinbogsinDenmarkshowsignsofaviolentdeathSteadsaid.Itisessentialforustobeabletodistinguishbetweentheplantfibresinpeatandclothingorapieceofropewhichmighthavebeenusedtohanghim.AsSteadcontinuedhisgentleprobingabrownleatherylimbbegantomaterializeamidstthepeat;butnotuntilmostofitwasexposedcouldheandRobertConnollyaphysicalanthropologistatLiverpoolUniversitydecidethatitwasanarm.Besideitwasasmallpieceofanimalfur---perhapstheremainsofclothing.FollowingtheforearmdownintothepeatSteadfoundabrownshinyobjectandthenclosebytwomore.Seenunderamagnifyingglasshesuddenlyrealisedtheywerefingernails--beautifullymanicuredandwithoutascratchonthemhesaid.MostpeopleatthistimeintheIronAgewerefarmers;butwithfingernailslikethatthispersoncanthavebeen.Hemighthavebeenapriestoranaristocrat.Especiallydelicateworkwasrequiredtorevealthehead.Onthethirddayacurlysideburnappearedandshortlyafterwardsamoustache.Atfirstitseemedthatthemanhadbeenbaldingbutgraduallyhewasseentohaveclose-croppedhairaboutaninchortwolong.Thisinformationabouthishairstyleisunique.WehavenootherinformationaboutwhatBritonslookedlikebeforetheRomaninvasionexceptforthreesmallplaquesshowingCeltswithdroopingmoustachesandshavenchins.Thecrucialclueshowinghowthemandiedhadalreadybeenrevealedclosetohisneckbutitlookedjustlikeanotherinnocentheatherroot.ItwasnotrecogniseduntiltwodayslaterwhenMargaretMcCordaseniorconservationofficerfoundthesamerootatthebackofhisneckandcleaningitcarefullysawitstwistedtexture.Hesbeengarrotted.Shedeclared.Therootwasalengthoftwistedsinewthethicknessofstrongstring.Aslipknotatthebackshowshowitwastightenedroundtheneck.AlargediscolorationontheleftshouldersuggestsabruiseandpossiblyaviolentstruggleSteadsaid.
11.TheX-raysthatweretakenshowedSteadandOldfield______.AavaguepictureofthebonesBexactlywhattheywerelookingforCwhichdepositswereclayandwhichpeatDexactlyhowthemanhaddied
12.Theresearcherssuspectedthemanhadmetaviolentdeathbecause______.AhewasstillwearingclothesBsimilarbodieshadbeenfoundelsewhereCthereweretracesofahangingropeinthepeatDhehadntbeenburiedinacoffin
13.Itwastheforearmtheyuncoveredwhich______.ArequiredthemostdelicateworkBindicatedtheageofthemanCtoldthemsomethingaboutthemansclothesDledthemtodiscoverthefingernails
14.WhydidtheresearchersthinkthemanwaspossiblyapriestAHehadclosely-croppedhair.BHiscoatwasfur-linedCHehadadroopingmoustacheandshavenchin.DHisfingernailswerewelllookedafter.
15.Itwasestablishedthatthemantheydugoutofthepeathadbeen______.AbeheadedBstrangledCdrownedDstabbedintheneckQuestions16-20DoesusingawordprocessoraffectawritersstyleThemediumusuallydoesdosomethingtothemessageafterallevenifMarshallMcLuhansclaimthatthemediumsimplyisthemessagehasbeenheardandlargelyforgottennow.Thequestionmatters.RayHammondinhisexcellentguideTheWriterandtheWordProcessorCoronet£
2.95pp224predictsthatoverhalfoftheprofessionalwritersinBritainandtheUSAwillbeusingwordprocessorsbytheendof
1995.Thebest-knownrecruitisLenDeightonfromaslongagoas1968thoughmostusershaveonlystartedsincethemicro-computerboombeganin
1980.Ironicallywordprocessingisinsomewayspsychologicallymorelikewritinginroughthantypingsinceitrestoresfluidityandprovisionalitytothetext.ThetypistsdreadofhavingtogetouttheTippexthescissorsandpasteorofredoingthewholethingifhehasanysubstantialsecondthoughtscanmakehimconsistentlychoosethesaferoptioninhissentencesorletsomethingstandwhichheknowstobeunsatisfactoryorincompleteoutofweariness.Inwordprocessingthetextisloosenedupwhilststillretainingtheadvantageoflookingformallyfinished.ThishasIthinktwoapparentlycontradictoryeffects.Theinitialwritingcanbecomeexcessivelysloppyandcarelessintheexpectationthatitwillbecorrectedlater.Thatcrucialfirstinspirationisnevereasytorecapturethoughandthereforeontheotherhandthewritingcanbecomeover-deliberatedlackinginflowandspontaneitysincerevisionbecomesalargerpartofcomposition.Howeverthesearefaultseasiertodetectinothersthaninoneself.Formostwriterswordprocessingquiterapidlycomestofeelliketheidealmethodandcanalwaysbeasecondstepatterdraitingonpaperifyouprefer.MostofthewritersinterviewedbyHammondsayithasimprovedtheirstyle.immenselysaysDeighton.Seeingyourownwordsonascreenhelpsyoutofeelcoolanddetachedaboutthem.Thusitisnotjustbyfreeingyoufromthelabourofmechanicalre-typingthatawordprocessorcanhelpyoutowrite.OneauthorTerenceFeelyclaimsithasincreasedhisoutputby400%.Possiblythefeelingofhavingareactivemachinewhichappearstodothingsratherthanjusthavethingsdonewithitaccountsforthis---yourslaveworkshardandsodoyou.AretherenodrawbacksItcostsalotandtakestimetolearnexpecttoloseweeksofworisaysHammondthoughdaysmightbenearerthemark.Notoriouslyitispossibletoloseworkaltogetheronawordprocessorandthishappenstoeverybodyatleastonce.Theawarenessthatwhatyouhavewrittennolongerexistsatallanywhereisunbelievablyenragingandbaffling.
16.AccordingtothefirstparagraphofthepassagewhatistheobviouschangeforprofessionalwritersinBritainandtheUSAAThestyletheyareemploying.BThemediumtheyareusing.CThewaytheyarebeingrecruited.DThepapertheyarewritingon.
17.Typingintheconventionalmannerawritermay______.AchoosetowhitemorecarefullyBmakemoremistakesCbecomeovercriticalofhisorherworkDhavealotofsecondthoughts
18.Oneeffect0fusingawordprocessormaybethattheongoingrevisionofatext______.AisdonewithtoolittleattentionBproducesasloppyeffectCislackinginflowandspontaneityDdoesnotencourageonetopickupmistakes
19.Itisclaimedherethatwordprocessorscreate______.AasenseofpowerinthewritersmindBareluctanceintheauthortoexpresshimselforherselfCanillusionasifyouwereaservantofthemachineDafeelingofdistancebetweenawriterandhisorherwork
20.AsfaraslearningtouseawordprocessorisconcernedtheauthorofthepassagementionsanumberofdrawbacksEXCEPTthat______.AittakestimeBitiscostlyCtheusermayrelytoomuchonthemachineDtheusermayloseweeksofworkQuestions21-25Inalmostallcasesthesoftpartsoffossilsaregoneforeverbuttheywerefittedaroundorwithinthehardparts.Manyofthemalsowereattachedtothehardpartsandusuallysuchattachmentsarevisibleasdepressedorelevatedareasridgesorgroovessmoothorroughpatchesonthehardparts.Themusclesmostimportantfortheactivitiesoftheanimalandmostevidentintheappearanceofthelivinganimalarethoseattachedtothehardpartsandpossibletoreconstructfromtheirattachments.Muchcanbelearnedaboutavanishedbrainfromtheinsideoftheskullinwhichitwaslodged.Restorationoftheexternalappearanceofanextinctanimalhaslittleornoscientificvalue.Itdoesnotevenhelpininferringwhattheactivitiesofthelivinganimalwerehowfastitcouldrunwhatitsfoodwasorsuchotherconclusionsasareimportantforthehistoryoflife.Howeverwhatmostpeoplewanttoknowaboutextinctanimalsiswhattheylookedlikewhentheywerealive.Scientistsalsowouldliketoknow.Thingslikefossilshellspresentnogreatproblemasarulebecausethehardpartsareexternalwhentheanimalisaliveandtheouterappearanceisactuallypreservedinthefossils.Animalsinwhichtheskeletonisinternalpresentgreatproblemsofrestorationandhonestrestorersadmitthattheyoftenhavetouseconsiderableguessing.Thegeneralshapeandcontoursofthebodyarefixedbytheskeletonandbymusclesattachedtotheskeletonbutsurfacefeatureswhichmaygivetheanimalitsreallycharacteristiclookareseldomrestorablewithanyrealprobabilityofaccuracy.Thepresentoftenhelpstointerpretthepast.Anextinctanimalpresumablylookedmoreorlesslikeitslivingrelativesifithasany.Thishowevermaybequiteequivocal.Forexampleextinctmembersofthehorsefamilyareusuallyrestoredtolooksomewhatlikethemostfamiliarlivinghorses—domestichorsesandtheirclosestwildrelatives.Itishoweverpossibleandevenprobablethatmanyextincthorseswerestripedlikezebras.Othersprobablyhadpatternsnolongerpresentinanylivingmembersofthefamily.Iflionsandtigerswereextincttheywouldberestorediolookexactlyalike.Nolivingelephantshavemuchhairandmammothswhichareextinctelephantswoulddoubtlessberestoredashairlessifwedidnothappentoknowthattheyhadthickwoollycoats.Weknowthisonlybecausemammothsaresorecentlyextinctthatprehistoricmendrewpicturesofthemandthatthehideandhairhaveactuallybeenfoundinafewspecimens.Forolderextinctanimalswehavenosuchclues.
21.Accordingtothepassagethesoftpartoffossilizedanimals______.AcanalwaysbeaccuratelyidentifiedBhaveusuallyleftsometracesCcanusuallybereconstructedDhavealwaysvanishedwithoutanytrace
22.Themusclesofafossilizedanimalcansometimesbereconstructedbecause______.AtheywerepreservedwiththerestoftheanimalBtheywerelodgedinsidetheanimalsskullCtheywerehardenedpartsoftheanimalsbodyDtheywereattachedtotheanimalsskeleton
23.Thereconstructionofafossilizedanimalsexternalappearanceisconsiderednecessaryinorderto______.AsatisfypopularcuriosityBanswerscientificquestionsCestablishitsactivitiesDdetermineitseatinghabits
24.Thewordequivocalpara.3means______.AequallyimportantBdefinableCequallydoubtfulDdeliberate
25.ThethirdparagraphofthepassagedealswiththedifficultiesofrestoringthefollowingfossilizedanimalsEXCEPT______.AthosewhichhadcomplexinternalstructuresBthosewhichhadnoexternalhardpartsCthosewhichhadfur-coveredbodiesDthosewhichhadnolivingrelativesQuestions26-30Thereisabasichypothesisthatthemajorityofseriousmotoringoffencesarederivedfromaccidentsandthereisnothingintheoffenderspersonalityorbackgroundthatpredisposeshimtobreakthelaw.Ifanaccidentisachanceeventthathappenssoquicklyandsuddenlythatitisbeyondanyonescontroltopreventitthenitisclearthatthishypothesisisdisproved.Foronlyabout14percentofthe653offencesconsideredinarecentsurveycouldpossiblybecalledinadvertentaccidentsinthissenseandeventhisestimateisstretchingcredulitytoitslimits.Inthegreatmajorityofcasestheoffenceswerelargelyoftheoffendersownmaking.In11percentofthe653casesand21percentof43offenderswhowereinterviewedtherewasevidenceofselfishandevenruthlessself-interestbutitwasnotpossibletoinferpersonalitydisturbanceinmorethan25percentofthe653and39percentofthe43offenders.Thoughtheinferenceswithregardtopersonalitytraitsmaybeanoverestimateintheinterpretationofqualitativedatatheycouldequallybeanunderestimatesincesoverylittlewaseverrecordedabouttheoffendersthemselves.Thelackofdataisaconsequenceofthealmosttotallackofinterestinmotoringoffendersaspersons.Itmustbeassumedthereforeintheabsenceofevidencetothecontrarythatthemajorityofseriousmotoringoffendersconsideredinthesurveywerenormalpeoplewhosuccumbedtotemptationwhencircumstanceswerefavourableanditwasexpedienttotakeachancesoperhapsthereissomethinginthenormalpersonalitythatpredisposesadrivertobreakthelaw.Whateveritisitspresenceismuchmoreevidentinmalesthaninfemalessincetheanalysisofthenationalstatisticsshowsapredominanceofmalesoverfemalesofbetween18:land22:
1.Therealsignificanceofthesefiguresishardtoassessbecausetherelativeproportionsofeachsexatriskareunknown.Oneresearchworkerproducedaratioofsixmalestoonefemalefromhissampleofinsurancepolicyholdersbutthisisalmostcertainlyanunderestimatesincemanyfemale--probablymorethanmales--arelikelytobedrivingonsomeoneelsespolicy.Arationofthreetooneisprobablynearertotherealstateofaffairs.Femalesreachednoticeableproportionsonlyamongthehit-and-rundriversandthereseemstobesomejustificationforcallingthisthefeminineoffence.Thedifferencebetweenthesexesintheirrelativepropensitytobreakthelawontheroadsisimportantbecauseitshowsthatmotoringoffendershaveacharacteristicincommonwithoffendersinotherfieldsofcriminalactivitywheremalespredominatetoamarkeddegree.Onemotorinsuranceunderwriterrecentlyannouncedhisintentiontoofferdiscountsonpremiumswherethepolicyholderorthenameddriverwasawoman.Thebasichypothesisisfurtherdisprovedbytheveryhighincidenceamongtheoffencesstudiedoffallingtoinsureagainstthird-partyrisks.Yetaccidentsbroughttolightonlyaverysmallpercentageofthiskindofcrime.Moreoveritcouldnotpossiblybesaidthatthisthemostcommonoftheseriousoffenceswasbroughtaboutbyprovidence.Onthecontraryitcanberegardedasatypicalformofeconomiccrimewhichalthoughsometimescommittedthroughinadvertenceismoreusuallyquitedeliberateandcalculated.
26.Thewordhypothesisline1means______.AawrongbeliefBanunprovedtheoryCademonstrableideaDafundamentallaw
27.Inadequatestatisticalinformationaboutthepersonalitiesofmotoringoffendersislargelytheresultof______.Athedifficultyofinterpretingtheself-evidentfactsBtheinaccessibilityofthepolicerecordsCscantyrecordedevidenceoftheoffendersthemselvesDinsufficientresearchintotherecordedqualitativedata
28.Womencansometimesgetmorefavourablemotoringinsurancetermsthanmenbecausestatistically______.AtheyaremuchbetteratcontrollingacarBtheyaresmallerandmoreimportantCtheyarelesslikelytocommitgraveoffencesDtheyaremoreunwillingtotakeoutpoliciesthemselves
29.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.AwomenareunwillingtodriveonsomeoneelsespolicyBwomenaremorelikelytobethehit-and-rundriversCmenareregardedascriminalsinroadaccidentslmenaremorelikelytobeinsuranceunderwriters
30.Athirdpartypara.3isessentially______.AanyinsuredwomandriverBthedriverofaninsuredcarCanormalpolicy-holderDanyotherroad-userSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLETThereisagrowingnumberofeconomistswhobelievetodaysbrutallytoughlabormarketisnotatemporaryAmericanoddity.FallingwagesreducedbenefitsandrisingjobinsecurityseemtobeincreasinglyentrenchedfeaturesofthejobsceneacrossmostofWesternEuropetheUnitedStatesandotherpartsofthedevelopedworld.Thenumberofinsecurefreelancepositionsisrisingasareworkinghourswhilestablejobswithgoodbenefitsarebeingcut.Laid-offworkersaremuchlesslikelytoberehiredbytheiroldcompaniesandhavetofindnewjobsorturntoself-employment.Thosewhostillhavejobsareworkinglongerhourswithlittleprospectofmeaningfulraises.ThenewlabormarketisshapedbygrowingglobalcompetitionspurredbytheriseofcheapmanufacturersinChinaIndiaandEasternEuropeandtheprice-choppingeffectofboththeInternetandgiantretailersledbyWal-Mart.TheseforcescompelWesterncompaniestoexerciseagrowingrestraintonpricesandlaborcost.Onethingglobalizationclearlydoesistoexertalevelingeffectonwages.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.中国有句古话“相知无远近,万里尚为邻”中国与亚洲各国山水相连,共同铸就了灿烂的亚洲文明古老而美丽的“丝绸之路,谱写了中欧千年往来的美好篇章中国与亚欧各国的互利合作正在步入一个全新的阶段中国已成为亚欧和世界经济发展中的积极力量,我们将坚定走和平发展的道路,致力于同亚欧各国发展富有活力和长期稳定的全面合作关系,与亚欧各国相互支持,携手前进,共创美好的未来参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.increaseyourincome
11.themostdirectway
2.underyourcontrol
12.part-timejob
3.savemoney
13.timepressure
4.makemajorpurchases
14.dobetterinschool
5.keepinmind
15.moredisciplinedandfocused
6.spendhoursthinking
16.strategy
7.youareforced
17.relativelysimpletoget
8.track
18.inanemergency
9.personalfailure
19.takeoutaloan
10.broughtintobalance
20.payitbackPartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.C
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.A
6.D
7.C
8.B
9.C
10.A
2.TalksandConversations
11.B
12.D
13.A
14.B
15.D
16.A
17.C
18.B
19.D
20.A
21.C
22.B
23.D
24.B
25.C
26.A
27.B
28.D
29.C
30.APartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1大学教师们经常放弃他们每周的部分业余时间,给当地居民上课,课程内容从健康医疗到金融投资无所不包2就这种照相机而言,我们可能在市场上找到更便宜的型号,但考虑到它的质量和设计,你会同意我们的价格是最有利的3自信心更高的人往往也更快乐,他们能更好地应对不利的环境,高度的自信令人们相信自己是社会中创造价值的成员4全球有
1.4亿(1亿4千万)的人们沉湎于酗酒,由酗酒引发的大量交通事故造成严重的人员死亡,这种情况还在不断的恶化之中5总体上说,女性工作时间更长,相应收入更低,工作中的乐趣更少,研究表明,同样的情况下,男性如果挣到一美元,女性只能挣到74美分
2.PassageTranslation1在你旅行的时候,第一点十分重要,为你的旅行安排好一份保险如果你在旅行过程中丢失了行李,或者需要医疗服务,旅行保险可以补偿你的损失第二,旅行时携带大量现金不是明智之举带好足以应付日常开销的钱就可以了,比如打的,坐公交车或购买食物旅行支票也是一个非常安全的携带现金的方式,因为如果支票失窃,银行会给你补偿2总有不少从不考虑别人的自私司机这些人会把车停在路中间,东张西望找一幢房子或者某个路面标志有些车会在交叉路口突然减慢速度,然后向左或者向右转向还有的司机在“瓶颈路段”从来不会耐心地等着,照说在这里大家应该依次交叉并线前进不过最自私的司机要算是那些把垃圾随手扔出车窗外的家伙们,他们既破坏别人开车的好心情,也破坏了环境SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.D
2.B
3.C
4.C
5.B
6.C
7.A
8.C
9.D
10.A
11.A
12.B
13.D
14.D
15.B
16.B
17.A
18.C
19.D
20.C
21.B
22.D
23.A
24.C
25.A
26.B
27.C
28.C
29.B
30.DSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】越来越多的经济学家认为当今美国劳动力市场竞争异常残酷激烈,这不只是一时的怪现状在大多西欧国家、美国及其他发达国家,降薪、福利削减、工作稳定性下降似乎已经成为就业市场越来越难以改变的痼疾不稳定的自由职业岗位增多(工作时间同样延长),而稳定福利好的工作机会减少一旦失业,人们很难被旧东家重聘,所以不得不找份新工作或者自己创业而那些尚留在工作岗位上的人员工作时间加长,然而他们加薪前景微乎其微中国、印度、东欧各国劳动力价格低廉,互联网和零售巨头(比如沃尔玛)把商品价格一降再降,这就使得全球竞争日益严重进而,深刻的改变了原来的劳动力市场结果,西方国家各家公司既要压低商品的价格,又要尽量削减成本很明显,全球化让全世界的提薪之日遥遥无期SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】InChinathereisanoldsayingwhichgoeslikethis“Longdistanceneverseparatesclosefriends.”AreadylinkconnectingthiscountryandmanyotheronesliketheSilkRoadinAsiaandEuropehelpsalotinbringingaboutthesplendidcivilizationinAsiaandthefrequentexchangesandcommunicationbetweenChinaandtheContinentinthepastyears.Nowwearegoingastepfurtherinourcooperationbasedonmutualbenefitsenjoyingabrand-newbilateralrelation.Chinaadevotedpartinpromotingtheeconomicdevelopmentinthe2continentswillkeephertrackontheroadofpeaceanddevelopment.Acorrespondingeffortmadebythiscountryinbuildingadynamicandlong-termcooperationinallfieldsacrossAsiaandEuropetogetherwithalltheothereffortsfromthe2continentswilldefinitelycontributeabigpartinmakingthebrightfuture.2006年3月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewardorwordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyouANSWERBOOKLET.Rememberyouwillhearthepassageonlyonce.Intheearly1970’sCitibankofNewYorkCitybecameoneofthefirstfinancialinstitutionstoinstallATM’sonalargescale.Sincethenthe_______1ofautomatedtellermachineshasincreaseddramatically.Atthetimethebankhoped________2theiroperatingcostsbyreplacinghumantellerswithmachines.Littledidthey_______3thatthecashmachineswouldbecomesosuccessful.Howeverasmorebanksadded_______4automatedservicethroughATM’sthemachinesmushroomedallovertheworld.TouseanATMallyouneedisa_______5issuedbyyourbank.Yourbankmayalso_______6throughacreditcardsuchasMasterCardorVisa.Tobegina_______7youneedtoinsertthecardintoanATMandpunchinapersonalidentificationnumberonthe_______
8.ThepersonalIDnumbermayconsistof_______9andcanpreventanyonefromusingthecard.TheATMnextflashesinstructionsonits_______10forcarryingouttransaction.Togetcashforexampleyouareinstructedto_______11thatindicatewhetherthemoneyshouldbewithdrawnformacheckingorasavingsaccountandthe_______
12.Thisrequestisthendisplayedonthescreen.Afteryoupressabuttonto_______13thattheinformationiscorrecttheATMgoesto_______
14.HowsafeyoumayaskisbankingbyATMThe_______15ismeanttopreventanyonenomatterwhoyouarefromusingacashcard________
16.IfyouenterthewrongIDnumberforacardamessageonthescreenwill_______
18.Asanotherprecautionagainst_______19thebankgenerallylimitstheamountthatmaybewithdrawnbycashcard______20sayto$
200.PartB:ListeningComprehensionDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshortstatements.ThesestatementswillbespokenONLYONCEandyouwillnotfindthemwrittenonthepaper;soyoumustlistencarefully.Whenyouhearastatementreadtheanswerchoicesanddecidewhichoneisclosestinmeaningtothestatementyouhaveheard.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.Statements
1.AWedidn’tfindonequalifiedapplicant.BNobodyappliedforthejob.COnlyonepersonappliedforthejob.DWeinterviewedninecandidates.
2.AFlorencefinishedherspeechwithsomeintroductoryremarks.BFlorencefoundherselfmakingaspeechwhenthespeakerbecameill.CFlorencecamealongwithafluentintroductionabouttheeminentspeaker.DHadthespeakernotbeenillhewouldhavemadesomeintroductoryremarks.
3.AIcannotfinishthereportintime.BIhatetojoininsocialactivitiesthisweekend.CIhavetoworkextratimeovertheweekend.DIwillnotattendtheboardmeetingnextweek.
4.AThedirectoristoobusytoattendtoyourproposalrightnow.BThedirectorwillhelpyoureadtheproposaltomorrowmorning.CYoushouldhandinyourproposalnolaterthantomorrowmorning.DYoucanmakeanappointmenttoseethedirectorthenextday.
5.AWe’llaskformoretimetofinishthefinancialplan.BWe’lllookformoreinformationfortheplanlaterthanexpected.CI’mafraidwe’llturninthefinancialplanlaterthanexpected.DWe’llhavetofinishtheplanwiththematerialsavailablenow.
6.ATalkingtoomuchinbusinessnegotiationsleavesabadimpressionoAmericans.BSilenceoftenmakesAmericansfeeluncomfortableinbusinesssituations.CAmericansenjoykeepingsilentinbusinessnegotiationsandemployavarietyofstrategies.DAmericansareratheraggressiveespeciallyinbusinesssituations.
7.AIthinknowitisthebesttimetodobusinessinChinathoughwehavehada50-yearrelationship.BIbelievethatwecouldhavedonemorebusinesswithChinaoverthepast50years.CAlthoughourcompanyhasahistoryofover50yearsweareunabletostartourbusinessinChina.DDespiteourgoodrelationshipoverthepast50yearsweneedtofindabettertimeforinvestmenthere.
8.AThedirectorhasalreadysignedtheagreement.BThedirectorhasreadtheagreementforthreetimesCThedirectorisnotinandcannotsigntheagreement.DThedirectorisnotreadytosigntheagreement.
9.AWecannotcompetewithourrivalssincewehavejuststartedourbusinesshere.BWewanttohavemorecustomerssowe’rereadytomakemorefavourableoffersCWeareunabletoprovidethebestserviceherebecausewedonothaveenoughcompetitiveadvantage.DWeplantomergeourcompetitorsinthisareaaswearegrowingandhavemorecustomers.
10.AAdietwithmeatonlyisnotenoughforourbody.BAdietwithvegetablescansometimesbeverycostly.CMeatlessmealsareequallynutritiousandlessexpensive.DMeatlessmealscannotprovidealltheessentialnutrients.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:InthispartofthetestyouwillhearSeveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsOnlyONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.AShewasfired.BShewasgivenaraise.CShegotatransfer.DShegotmarried.
12.ATheyboughtherabirthdaygift.BTheygaveherafarewellparty.CTheysurprisedherduringtheparty.DTheysawheroffattheairport.
13.AShewasinvitedtostaywithNancyinNewYork.BShewaswarnednottogivethesurpriseaway.CShewasunabletokeepasecret.DShewasagoodfriendofNancy’s.
14.ATheman.BNancy.CMrsSampson.DChristina.Questions15-
1815.ASendinginvitationcardstoasmanypeopleaspossible.BReservingatableatleastonedayinadvance.CTakingyourorderbeforeyouareseated.DKeepingcalmandtalkingtoyourclients.
16.AAsoup.BSomecolddishes.CAsalad.DAdrink.
17.AConsultthewaiteraboutthedishinquestion.BTelleveryonethatyouhavecertaindietaryrestrictions.CWritebeforehandtosaythatyoudon’tcareforsomedishes.DKeepquietandpretendthatyouenjoythefood.
18.AOveryourlap.BOnthechair.CUndertheplate.DBesidetheplate.Questions19-
2219.AInaholidaycamp.BInacaravanpark.CInahotel.DInarestaurant.
20.ABecausetheyhaddrivenforalongtime.BBecausetheyhadbookedforanothertime.CBecausetheyhadplannedtohavetheirsupperfirst.DBecausetheyhadfoundabetterplacetostayin.21AShecanavoiddoingalotoffarmwork.BShewantstostayinsomequietandpeacefulplace.CHerhusbandespeciallycaresforseafood.DHerchildrenenjoybuildingsandcastles.
22.AInthecar.BInthelounge.CInafarm.DInaquietcorner.Questions23-
2623.AInNewZealand.BIntheUSA.CInEngland.DInJapan.
24.ABecausetheywanttofeelthethrillandexcitement.BBecausetheyaretiredofmodern-dayuniversitylife.CBecausetheyareinterestedinthescientificexperiment.DBecausetheyfindthatitisthebestwaytoreduceweight.
25.AJumpingintothesea.BJumpingontothecliff.CJumpingwithabodyharness.DJumpingwithalegharness.
26.ABeovertheageof
18.BReceivedueinstructions.CJoinasportsclub.DPayfortherubberband.Questions27-
3027.APaperResearch.BExaminationMethod.CComparativeLiterature.DUniversitySeminarSystem.
28.AAcollegecourseinwhichnewideasandsubjectsareintroduced.BAuniversityclassinwhichtopicsarediscussedamongthestudents.CAsystemwhereuniversitystudentsareallowedtochoosetheirteachers.DAgatheringwhereonlyteachersandstudentsofaboutthesameagecanattend.
29.ATheywereboring.BTheyweregoodlecturers.CTheyseldomaskedquestions.DTheytalkedtoomuchinclass.
30.ATheunansweredquestionsduringthelectures.BThediscussionwiththeseriousprofessors.CTheresultsofhisfinalexaminations.DThelowmarkshehadscoredduringtheterm.PartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentencesinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
123452.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirections:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsbasedonitscontent.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1-5OneofthemostdisturbingstatisticsIvereadforalongtimewaspublishedthisweek.TheWorkFoundationclaimsthatjobsatisfactioninthiscountryhasfallenalarmingly.Womenssatisfactionlevelhasfallenfrom51percentin1992to29percenttoday;menshasfallenfrom35percentto
20.Thereason—thelong-hourscultureandjobinsecurity.Formyfathersgenerationworkwassomethingthathadtobeenduredsothatreallifecouldbemaintained.Butmygenerationhasbeengulledintothinkingthatworkisreallife.Mostworkisnotsatisfying.Mostworkstinks.Mostworkhoweverwellpaidismeaninglessanddull.Butsomehowwevebeenconvincedthatworkprovidesself-fulfillment.BeforeMrsThatcherwehadafamousBritishattitudetowork--thelesswedidthebetter.Thatcherintroducedtheideathatinaworldwhereidentitywassofragileyoucouldbecomerealthroughworkthroughlonghoursandassiduousconsumptioninthesmallamountoftimeyouhadbeenleftafterclockingoff.NowBlaircarriesonthecrusadeIvegotoneofthebestjobsintheworld--siV3nginanoncebymyselfalldaytryingtomakeupsomethingthatsomeonesomewherewit!beinterestedin.ButIdratherbestretchedoutinfrontoftheTVorinbedorplayingtennisordoingjustaboutanythingelse.Muchoffeministthoughthasbeenaboutgettingwhatmenhavetraditionallyhadwithoutexaminingtheunderlyingassumptionofwhetheritwasworthhaving.Feminismneverendedupwithalifebuiltaroundcreativeleisureinsteadwomenoftalentanddrivethrewthemselvesintothelabourpoolbelievingthatworkanditsattendantincomeandpowerwouldaffectthechangeoflifeandconsciousnessthatwouldliberatethem.CananythingbedoneOnlyifwerewillingtochangethewaywevebeentrickedintothinking.Mostpeoplenowmeasuretheirlivesprimarilyinunitsofcurrency--moneysavedandspent.IhaveafriendwholltravelhalfwayacrossLondonforashoesalewithoutfactoringinhowmuchofherprecioustimehasbeenspenttravelling.ThemostimportanttruthIknowisthatailweeverownisthetimeweweregivenonthisearth.Weneedtoseizeitback.Nowthefuturehasarrivedandwehavethemeanstodoit--wejustdonthavetheimagination.
1.BeforetheBritishwerepersuadedtorealizethemselvesthroughhardworkAtheyhadlittletimelefttothemselvesBtheyhadstruggledhardforequaltreatmentCtheyhadenjoyedthemselvesmoreDtheyhadastrongdesiretobesetfreefromwork
2.Thesentence“NowBlaircarriesonthecrusadepara.3couldbebestillustratedbywhichofthefollowingstatementsABlaircontinuestopromotetheideaofachievingself-fulfillmentthroughwork.BBlairopposeshispeopletobeworkaholicandhaslaunchedsuchacampaign.CBlairsetsaperfectexampleasahard-workingpersonforhispeopleintheUK.DBlairismostunwillingtohavehispeoplelabouringasslaves.
3.WhatistheauthorsattitudetowardswomensjoiningtheworkforceASupportive.BNegative.CAppreciative.DDefensive.
4.WhatisthepurposeoftheauthorinmentioningherfriendwhotravelledhalfwayacrossLondonforashoesaleATopraiseherfriendforherpersistenceinpursuingwhatshewants.BTointroduceherfriendtothegeneralpublic.CTogiveanurgentcallforpeopletotakelifeeasy.DToraisepeoplesawarenessastohowprecioustimeis.
5.WhichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassageAWhatsSoGoodaboutHardWorkBWhatdYouImaginefortheFutureCWorkMakesEveryoneFreeDSeizeTimeBackforYourOwnSake.Questions6-10“IdelightinBuckinghamPalacesaidQueenVictoriawhenshemovedinthreeweeksafterascendingtothethrone.Todaythe40-acresecludedgardencontainsspecimenshrubstreesandalargelake.Eighttoninethousandpeoplevisititduringtheannualgardenparties.IttookGeorgeIVonbecomingKingin1820andJohnNashSurveyor-generaltoGeorgeIVwhenhewasPrinceRegentmanyyearstoturnthehouseintoasumptuouspalace.NashdemolishedtheNorthandSouthwingsandrebuiltthem.HeconstructedMarbleArchasagrandentrancetotheenlargedcourtyard.AsworkcontinuedNashlethiscostsrunawaywithhim.andParliamentcomplained.JosephHumemlEnglishpoliticianandreformerfightingforfinancialretrenchmentsaidTheCrownofEnglanddoesnotrequiresuchsplendour.ForeigncountriesmightindulgeinfripperybutEnglandoughttoprideherselfonherplainnessandsimplicity.Neverthelesselegancereigned.QueenVictoriawascrownedin
1837.WhenshemovedinBuckinghamPalacebecameforthefirsttimetheofficialLondonresidenceofBritainssovereigns.Therewasntaroomlargeenoughforgrandentertainmentssoin1853-55QueenVictoriaorderedtheBallroombuilt.122feetlong60feetwideand45feethighitistodayusedformanyeventssuchastheStateBanquettheDiplomaticReceptionandmemorialconcerts.ThisisthesiteofInvestitureswheretheQueenwhowascrownedin1952presentstherecipientsofBritishhonourswiththeirawards.DuringWorldWar11achapelconvertedbyQueenVictoriafromNashsconservatorywasbombed.PrincePhilipoversawitsrebuildingastheQueensGalleryhometoarotatingcollectionofartfromtheRoyalCollection.TheGallerycurrentlyintheprocessofrenovationwillreopenin2002fortheQueensGoldenJubilee.Morethan600roomsincluding52Royalandguestbedrooms188staffbedrooms92officesand78bathroomscomprisethecastlesassets.ButtheroombestknownaroundtheworldistheBalconywheretheRoyalfamilygathersoncelebratoryandsolemnoccasionstobeseenbytheirsubjects.ThePalaceismorethanahomefortheRoyals.Itistheofficialadministrativeheadquartersofthemonarchyandcontainstheofficesoftheirstaff.ItistheplacewhereallRoyalceremoniesandofficialbanquetsareheld.Governmentministerstopcivilservantsandheadsofstatevisittocarryouttheirduties.Itbringsawholenewmeaningtothephraseworkingfromhome.
6.WhatwastheresultofJosephHumesfightingforfinancialretrenchmentAHesucceededincuttingthebudgetofNashsrebuildingwork.BHisoppositionturnedoutafailureandthepalacewasbuiltwithextravagance.CHebecameNashsstrongopponentandtheyfoughtwitheachothersincethen.DHecametofameasawell-knownreformerforfinancialretrenchment.
7.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingareNOTsupposedtobeheldintheBallroomAInvestitures.BGovernmentbanquets.CReligiousservices.DDiplomaticreceptions.
8.AccordingtotheQueensGoldenJubileepara.3howlonghasbeenthereignoftheQueenAIthastobe25yearsunderthereignoftheQueen.B45yearsshouldbetheminimumfortheQueensGoldenJubilee.CAtherageof50peopleusuallycelebratetheQueensGoldenJubilee.DTheQueensGoldenJubileewouldbecelebratedather50yearsreign.
9.WhydoesBuckinghamPalacebringanewmeaningtothephraseworkingfromhomeABecauseGovernmentofficesarelocatedinBuckinghamPalace.BBecausetheRoyalfamilyliveandworkinBuckinghamPalace.CBecauseallRoyalceremoniesandofficialbanquetsareheldinBuckinghamPalace.DBecausetheRoyalstaffhavetheirofficesandresidencesinBuckinghamPalace.
10.AccordingtothepassagewhichisthemostfamousplaceinBuckinghamPalaceATheBallroom.BTheQueensGallery.CMarbleArch.DTheBalconyQuestions11-15TheLakeDistrictinnorth-westEnglandisanarearemarkablylittleaffectedbyindustrialization.Theprincipalactivityasstillsheep-farmingasithasbeenforathousandyearsandmanyancientwordslike‘fell’for‘hill’and‘tam’for‘lake’arestillindailyuse.InspiteofitsheavyrainfallandrelativeinaccessibilityitsspecialatmosphereandspectacularnaturalbeautycombinetomakethisoneofEngland’sfavouriteholidayareasatallseasonsoftheyear.ButatChristmas1968stillgrippedby.thefearthatfoot-and-mouthdiseasecouldspreadtothehillflocksandsweeplikewildfirerightuptotheScottishborderitwasquieterthaneverbeforeinthiscentury.LuckilynotasinglefarmhadcaughttileinfectionthenearestcasehavingbeenanisolatedoneatKendalseveralweeksbefore.buteveryLakelandfarmerknowsthatonecaseamongtheunfencedhillflocksonthefellscouldleadtocompleteannihilationofhundredsofthousandsofsheepandthevirtualendofthedistrictsprincipalindustry;youcannotreplacesheepacclimatizedtotheirownpartofthefellforgenerationsinthesamewaythatyoucanreplacecattleinafield.NobodycouldrememberaChristmaslikeitespeciallyBoxingDabwhichistraditionallyoneofthebigoutdoorholidaysoftheLakelandyear.Normallythisisadayspentfollowingthemountainpacksofhoundsfelt-walkingandiftheweatherispropitiousskiingandskatingbutthistimetherewerenoneofthesethings.Visitorswereactivelydiscouragedandthosewhodidcomewereaskednottogoonthefellsfootpathsorbridlewaysornearfarmlandwhilemotoristswererequestednottodriveonminorroadsandtoshunthesmallervalleys.TheenterprisinghotelswhichhadearlierintheyeardecidedtokeepopenduringthewinterwerebytheendofOctoberhavingadesperatetime.Hundredsofbookingshadbeencancelledandscoresofdinnerpartiesandyoungfarmers’reunionseliminated.Allyouthhostelswereclosed.Atleastoneclimbingclubunabletoclimbsubstitutedatrainingprogrammeoffilmsandsimulatedclimbsonthemoresubstantialmunicipalbuildings.Theweatherintheareawasdrycrispwindlessandcold.infactidealforbriskoutdooractivities.Butnobodywasabletoenjoyit.Everythingwasstopped:huntingwalkingclimbingskiingmotorcycletrialssportingeventsofeverydescription.Alltheseasonaldancesfestivalsconferencesshepherdsmeetsandahundredandoneothersocialoccasionsabandoned.Theicewasbearingonsomeofthelakesbutyoucouldnotgoskatingthere.MeanwhilethefoxesemboldenedbyanunprecedentedfreedomfromharassmentwerestalkingclosertothefarmsandtheflocksofChristmasturkeyswhilethehoundssulkedmiserablyintheirkennels.Farmersareapttocriticizesomesectionsoftheoutdoorfraternityfortheiroccasionalthoughtlessbehaviourbutthewaythatwalkersclimbersskiersfishermenhuntersandtherestwentoutoftheirwaytohelpthematthistimeshouldneverbeforgotten.Thegeneralpubliclocalsandvisitorsalike.triedtogivethefellfarmersasportingchanceandthisremarkabledisplayofpublicspiritwastheonebrightnoteinaverysadtime.
11.Thewordthisinline5refersto_______.AitsspecialatmosphereBtheIndustrialRevolutionCthespectacularnaturalbeautyDtheLakeDistrict
12.Thedistrictsprincipalindustryis_______.Afell-walkingBsnow-skiingCsheep-farmingDanimal-hunting
13.Becausethesheepinthehillsareunfencedtoot-and-mouthdiseasemight_______.AspreadbeyondthelakesBannihilatethousandsofhorsesCleadtothevirtualendofthetouristindustryDdestroytheflocksofsheepcompletely
14.Whyweresomehotelsdescribedas“enterprising”ABecausehundredsofbookingshadbeencancelled.BBecausetheydecidedtokeepopenduringthewinter.CBecausetheystillhelddinnerpartiesandyoungfarmersreunions.DBecausetheysubstitutedatrainingprogrammeoffilmsandsimulatedclimbs.
15.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueduringChristmastimein1968ATheseasonaldancesfestivalsandothersocialoccasionswereabandoned.BTheweatherintheLakeDistrictwasidealforbriskoutdooractivities.CThefoxeswerestalkingclosertothefarmsandtheflocksofturkeys.DTheicewasbearingonsomeofthelakesinthedistrict.Questions16-20WhyMenExplodeAlthoughwomengetangryjustasoftenasmenrageremainstheprototypicalmaleemotion.Mykidsstilltalkaboutmyfreak-outssaysKimGarretson54acorporatestrategistinMinneapoliswhoonceeruptedintovolcanicfur5;inarestaurantwhenservedastill-frozenentre2e.1didntexpressmuchofanythingbutonceinawhileIdjustblow.WhydosomanymenlosetheirtempersTheragecomesbecausetheressomuchfrustrationwhenyoucutoffsomethingthatisyou.YetthatswhatmendobecausetheyreafraidthatifyougiveemotionsaninchtheylltakeamilesayspsychologistKennethW.ChristianPhDauthorofYourOwnWorstEnemy.Ifyoudontlearnhowtoworkwithyouremotionsyoureashadowfigureasmallincompleteversionofyourself.Itsonlyamatteroftimeuntilthehouseofcardsthatyouarefallsapart.ForKimGarretsonthatdaycamefouryearsagowhenhewasdiagnosedwithprostatecancer.Asoftenhappenswhenillnessstrikesmenherealizedhehadnothingtoloseandeverythingtogainbylettinghimselffeel.Imnolongerafraidofexpressingalmostanyemotionhesays.Igetangeroutwithmyquicksharptongueandmoveon.IusehumorasanoutletIvereconnectedwitholdfriends.Italkaboutthebigquestionsoflife.1searchforspiritualmeaning.GuysTryTheseInhisDirtyHarrydaysClintEastwoodneverflinched.NowasahusbandfatherandOscar-winningdirectorofmoviesthatexplorethedepthsofmenssoulsthetoughguyhasturnedtender--butnottalkative.Themenwhohidetheiremotionsthemostmay;infactbethemostsensitiveobservesChristian.Yetmencanbecomemoreemotionallyexpressivewithouttearsorfears.Herearesomewaystostart:·Developacreativeoutlet.Hobbieslikepaintingorplayingamusicalinstrumentcantapintoamanssoul.Rememberthatmuchoftheworldsgreatestartmusicandliteraturewascreatedbytheallegedlyemotionallychallengedsex.·Releasestressandangerthroughexercise.Whenyougettothebreakingpointwhereyoujustwanttoputyourheadthroughawalltakingaten-minutetime-outisntenoughtocalmdownsaysWestoverwhoinmomentsofextremeemotionfindsaplacetodroptotheflooranddopush-ups.·Tryexpressingalittleemotion.StartwithfeelingsyoucancontrolfindasympatheticearandusethetermalittlesuggestsColemanSayingyoufeelalittlesadoralittlescaredfeelssaferthanafulldeclarationofvulnerability.·Leanintothediscomfort.RatherthanavoidingafeelingthatyourenotsurehowtohandlemovetowarditsayspsychologistTravisBradburyPhDco-authorofTheEmotionalIntelligenceQuickBook.Learningtohandleemotionstakestimeandpracticebecauseyouneedtoretrainyourbrainbutitdoesgeteasier.
16.KimGarretsona54-year-oldcorporatestrategistoncegotveryangrywhen_______.AdiagnosedwithlungcancerBgivenatakemusicalinstrumentCdraggedintoamountainoustripDservedcoldfoodinarestaurant
17.Theylltakeamile.para.2theyrefersto_______.ApsychologistsBcardsCemotionsDfriends
18.Ifyoufailtolearnhowtoworkwithyouremotions_______.AyouwillsoonerorlaterbreakdownByouwillbeanactivefigureinshadowboxingCyouwillbeafraidofexpressingalmostanyemotionDyouwillspendmoretimesearchingforspiritualmeaning
19.WhichofthefollowingwaystocontrolemotionsisNOTrecommendedinthepassageATotalkasmuchaspossible.BToleanintothediscomfort.CTodevelopacreativeoutlet.DTotryexpressingalittleemotion.
20.WhatmainideaisdiscussedinthepassageAHowtodevelopyouremotions.BHowtocheckyouremotions.CHowtohandleyouremotions.DHowtoexpressyouremotions.Questions21-25YoureofftotheWorldEconomicForumaskedtheOxfordeconomistenviously.Howveryimpressive.Theyveneverinvitedme.ThreedayslatertqueuedinthesnowoutsidetheconferencecenterinDavosstandingbehindminkcoalsandcashmereovercoatswatchedoverbySwisspolicemenwithmachineguns.ReportingpressYoucantcomeinhere.Sideentranceplease.IstoodinlineagainthistimebehindPuffajacketsandNewsweekjournalistswaitingtocollectmyorangebadge.Onceinside.IfoundthattheseminarIwantedtogotowasbeingheldillahalf-emptyroom.Youcantsithere.Allseatsarereservedforwhitebadges.Colouredbadgeshavetostand.Anacquaintanceinvitedmetoadinnerhewashosting:TherearepeopleIdlikeyoutomeet.Thegreen-badgedForumemployeestoppedmeatthedoor.Thisisaparticipantsdinner.Orangebadgesarenotallowed.Thenlaterreluctantly:Ifyourecomingin.pleasecanyouturnyourbadgearoundDinersmaybeupsetiftheyseeyoureacolour.WhydoesanyoneputupwithbeingtreatedlikethistaskedaFinancialTimescorrespondent.Becauseweallliveinhopeofbecomingwhitebadgeshesaid.Thenwellknowwhatsreall3goingon.AleadingBritishbusinessmanwaswearingawhitebadgebutitboreasmalllogoonthetopleft-handcorner:GLT.WhatsaGLTIasked.Ahhesaid.“wellit’saDavosclub.I’maGlobalLeaderforTomorrow.”ThatsoundsveryimportantIsaid.Yes.HesaidtthoughtsomyselfuntilIbumpedintothemanodsponsoredme.onthewaytomyfirstmeeting.Iaskedhimifhewascoming:andhesaidOhnodearboyIdontbotherwiththatanylonger.ImnotaGLTanymoreImanIGWEL.’WhatsanIGWEL’Iaskedhim.‘AmemberoftileInformalGroupofWorldEconomicLeadersofToday.TheWorldEconomicForumhasemployedasimplepsychologicaltruth--thatnothingismoredesirablethanthatwhichexcludesus--tobrillianteffect.YearafterFearitsparticipantsapply.toreturninthehopethatthistimethey’llbealittleclosertotherealelite.NextyeartheytoomightbeinvitedtotheprivatereceptionsforBillClintonKofiAnnanorBillGates.insteadofhavingtostandontheconferencecentersstepsliketeenagerockfans.ItsthesheerconcentrationofindividualsinpossessionofpowerwealthorknowledgethatmakestheprivatelyrunForumsodesirabletoitsparticipants.Thethousandchiefexecutiveswhoattenditsannualmeetingcontrolbetweenthemmorethan70percentofinternationaltrade.Everyyeartheyarejoinedbyacoupleofdozenpresidentsandprimeministersbyseniorjournalistsachangingselectionofleadingthinkersacademicsanddiplomatsandbyrisingstarsofthebusinessworld.Accesstothemeetingisbyinvitationonlycostsseveralthousandpoundsatimeforbusinessparticipantsandisruthlesslycontrolled.2l.Minkinline4refersto____AcoloredbadgesBimpressiveartificialhideCexpensivethickfurDjacketsdesignedforGLT
22.V/elearnfromthepassagethatorangebadgesrepresentAforumemployeesBconferencecorrespondentsCseniordiplomatsDleadingthinkers
23.“Becauseweallliveinhopeofbecomingwhitebadges.”Inthissentence‘whitebadges’referto_______.AformerpresidentsBseniorjournalistsCleadingacademicsDchiefexecutives
24.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTsuggestthattheforumisruthlesslycontrolledAParticipantsmustholdlettersofinvitation.BParticipantsshouldqueueinthesnowoutside.CSwisspolicemenhavetocarry.machine-guns.DForumemployeescouldcheckanybodyiftheywish.
25.AccordingtothearticlewhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbadgesistrueATheForumemployeeweargreenbadges.BTheparticipantwearcoloredbadges.CThejournalistswearwhitebadges.DTheexecutiveswearorangebadges.Questions26-30Nutritionalstatementsthatdependonobservationoranecdoteshouldbegivenseriousconsiderationbutconsiderationshouldalsobegiventothephysicalandpsychologicalquirksoftheobserver.Thesignificanceattachedtoanexperimentalconclusiondependsinpartonthescientificcredentialsoftheexperimentalist;similarlythesignificanceofselectedobservationsdependsagaininpartonthepreconceptionsoftheobserver.Regimesthatareproposedbypeoplewhodonotlookasiftheyenjoyedtheirfoodandwhodonotthemselveshaveawell-fedairmaynotbeidealfornormalpeople.GrahamLuskwhocombinedexpertknowledgewithanormalappreciationofgoodfood.describeshowheandChittendenwhoadvocatedalow-proteindietspentsomeweeksinBritaineatingtherationsofthe1914-18warandthengotmoreamplerationsonboardship.Luskattributedhissenseofwell-beingtotheextrameathewaseating;Chittendenattributedittotheseaair.Whenyounganimalsarerearedforsaleasmeatthedesirableamountofproteinintheirfoodisasimplematterofeconomics.Proteinisexpensivesotheamountgivenisincreaseduptothelevelatwhichtheincreasedrateofgrowthisoffsetbytheincreasedcostofthediet.Asalreadymentionedtheefficiencywithwhichproteinisusedtobuildthebodydiminishesasthepercentageofproteininthedietincreases.Inpracticethebestdietsseemtocontainbetween15and25percentprotein.Itisnotcertainthatmaximumgrowthrateisdesirableinchildren;someexperimentswithratssuggestthatrapidgrowthisassociatedwithashorterultimateexpectationoflife.Therearepracticalandethicalobstaclestohumanexperimentsoflife.Therearepracticalandethicalobstaclestohumanexperimentsinwhichtheeffectofproteincanbemeasured.Childrendonotgrowasfastastheyounganimalsinwhichthereisacommercialinteresttheirneedforproteinisthereforepresumablysmallerbutthereisnoevidencethatthedesirableproteinlevelafterweaningislessthan15percent.Anargumentagainstthispercentageofproteinisthatinhumanmilkonly13percentofthesolidmaterialisprotein.Thatproteinishoweverofbetterqualitythananyproteinlikelytobegiventoinfantsthatarenotweanedoncowsmilk.Furthermoremilklikeotherproductsofevolutionisacompromise.Mothersarenotexpendable.Aspecieswouldnotlongsurviveifmothersdepletedtheirownproteinssomuchinthecourseoffeedingthefirstchildthattheprospectsoflaterchildrenwereseriouslyjeopardized.HumanmilkisnodoubtagoodfoodbuttheassumptionthatitisnecessarilyidealisstretchingbeliefinthebeneficenceandperfectionofNaturetoofar.
26.Whenconsideringnutritionalstatementsapartfromstatementsthatdependonobservationweshouldalsoconsider_______.Athestrangelow-proteindietBtheunusualcharacteroftheobserverCtheunexpectedmealsprovidedbytheobserverDtheamplerationsofthe1914-18war
27.Itinline12refersto_______.AthescientificcredentialBtheexperimentalconclusionCtheexpertknowledgeDthesenseofwell-being
28.WhatconsiderationisborneinmindwhengivingyounganimalsproteinAThemorethebetter.BThelesstheworse.CTheminimuminputthemaximumoutput.DThemaximuminputtheminimumoutput.
29.Accordingtothepassagethemaximumgrow-thratemanynotbedesirableinchildrenforrapidgrowthisassociatedwith_______.AlifeexpectancyBpracticalneedsCscientificcredentialsDcommercialinterest
30.AccordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueAChildrendonotgrowasfastastheyounganimals.BThebestdietsseemtocontainbetween15and25percentprotein.CAspecieswouldlongsurviveifmotherswereexhaustedoftheirownproteins.DHumanmilkisdefinitelyagoodnaturalfood.SECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLETAsascourgeofthemodernsocietyobesityhasbecometheworldsbiggestpublic-healthissuetoday--themaincauseofheartdiseasewhichkillsmorepeoplethesedaysthanAIDSmalariawar.SincetheWorldHealthOrganizationlabeledobesityanepidemicin2000reportsonitsfearfulconsequenceshavecomethickandFast.Willpublic-healthwarningscombinedwithmediapressurepersuadepeopletogetthinnerjustastheyfinallyputthemofftobaccoPossibly.IntherichworldsalesofhealthierfoodsareboomingandnewfiguressuggestthatoverthepastyearAmericansgotveryslightlythinnerforthefirsttimeinrecordedhistory.ButevenifAmericansarelosingafewouncesitwillbemanyyearsbeforethecountrysolvesthehealthproblemscausedbyhalfacentury’sdiningtoexcess.Andeverywhereelseintheworldpeoplearestillpilingonthepounds.That’swhythereisnowaconsensusamongdoctorsthatgovernmentsshoulddosomethingtostopthem.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市,改革开放以来,上海变化之大令世人瞩目经济高速发展,社会秩序稳定,人民安居乐业,呈现出一片繁华气象今天,尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味,但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月,浦东展现了上海的美好前景上海就像一轮红日,光芒四射,鲜艳夺目上海的明天充满希望参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.popularity
11.pressbuttons
2.simplytoreduce
12.TheAmounttobeWithdrawn
3.suspect
13.verify
4.round-the-clock
14.workontherequest
5.plasticcard
15.personalIDnumber
6.offerATMservice
16.withoutauthorization
7.transaction
17.askyoutotryagain
8.machine’skeypad
18.keepthecard
9.fourorsixdigits
19.cardtheft
10.displayscreen
20.inasingledayPartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.A
2.B
3.C
4.A
5.D
6.B
7.A
8.D
9.B
10.C
2.TalksandConversations
11.C
12.B
13.A
14.D
15.B
16.D
17.A
18.D
19.C
20.B
21.D
22.B
23.C
24.A
25.D
26.D
27.C
28.B
29.A
30.CPartC:ListeningandTranslation
1.SentenceTranslation1如果能源价格由于全球石油短缺而不断攀升,世界各国,包括产油国,都会遭受损失2身体健康由很多因素决定,包括医疗条件良好,营养适当,休息放松充足,个人习惯合理等,加上非常重要的一条,定期进行锻炼3大学声称没有足够的资金开设我们要选修的课程,但与此同时它又宣布有资金建一个造价250万美元的体育馆对此我实在弄不明白4世界每天都在变小全球化、信息革命和通信交流使居住在这个星球的人们更紧密地联系在一起5要想获得成功,跨国公司的经理们不能坐等,而是应该主动采取措施,应对机遇与挑战
2.PassageTranslation1现如今,越来越多的年轻夫妇不愿意在婚后马上要孩子究竟什么导致了这种推迟生育的趋势呢?首先,离婚率的上升,使很多新婚夫妇在马上要孩子之前会考虑更周全第二,很多年轻夫妇想在要孩子前经济上更稳定最后一点,更多的已婚女性愿意把时间花在事业上她们认为,如果怀孕或者有个孩子要照顾,会削弱她们在当今日新月异的世界中的竞争力2继续教育向成人开设的课程有两种,职业课程和休闲娱乐课程,即要么和某人工作相关,要么纯粹出于兴趣和娱乐如今在英国,有数百万全日制和业余制的学生在继续教育学院和夜校学习,年龄结构从16到80岁不等其中部分选择一些加强某项技能的专业课程,并为文凭而努力还有人回到学校,学习英语、数学和历史等常见科目SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1-
301.D
2.A
3.B
4.B
5.D
6.B
7.C
8.D
9.A
10.D
11.D
12.C
13.D
14.B
15.A
16.D
17.C
18.A
19.A
20.C
21.C
22.B
23.D
24.D
25.A
26.B
27.D
28.C
29.A
30.CSECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】肥胖是现代社会的灾难,目前已经成为最严重的公众健康问题,心脏病主要因肥胖而起,肥胖夺去的生命比艾滋病、疟疾、战争还要多2000年世界卫生组织把肥胖定性为“流行病”,自此人们纷纷探讨肥胖能够引发的严重后果媒体的压力,健康的警告,能否使人们的体重有所减轻,就如同当初使人们远离烟草一样?的确有可能在富裕的发达国家,健康食品的销售量不断上升,最新数字表明在过去的一年,美国人的体重有史以来首次有所下降然而虽然美国人体重有所减轻,美国要解决半个世纪以来饮食过度带来的健康问题还得等到多年以后而且,在世界上其他地区,人们的体重仍然在不断上升正因为如此,目前医生一致认为各国政府应当采取措施抑制人们不断肥胖的发展趋势SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】ShanghaiavigorousdynamicandversatileinternationalmetropolisinChinahasattractedworldwideattentionwithitsdramaticchangessincetheintroductionofreformandopening-up.Itpresentsapictureofprosperitywithitsrapideconomicdevelopmentsocialstabilitypeacefulandcontendedlifeofresidents.TakinganewlookwitheachpassingdayShanghaiisdrawingmoreandmoreadmirationdespiteitscolorfulpastfornostalgia.Thecitybrilliantandsplendidlikethesunpromisesabetterfuture.2006年9月真题SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictationDirection:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearapassageandreadthesamepassagewithblanksinit.Fillineachoftheblankswiththewordsyouhaveheardonthetape.WriteyouranswerinthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.RememberyouwillhearthepassageONLYONCE.Britishpeoplearefarmoresophisticatedaboutbeveragesthantheywere50yearsago.WitnesstheStarbucksrevolutionandyou’llknowwhere___________1goes.Howeverspurredonbyrecentstudiessuggestingthatitcancuttheriskof___________2andretardtheagingprocessteaisenjoyinga___________
3.Althoughteaisavailableinmoreplacesthaneveritremainstobe_____________4ofatypicalBritishfamily.IfyouareinvitedtoanEnglishhome_____________5inthemorningyougetacupoftea.Itiseitherbroughtinbyaheartily_____________6oranalmostmalevolentlysilentmaid.Whenyouare_____________7inyoursweetestmorningsleepyoumustnotsay:‘Goawayyou_____________
8.’Onthecontraryyouhavetodeclarewithyourbestfiveo’clocksmile:‘Thankyouverymuch.I_____________9acupofteaespeciallyinthemorning.’Iftheyleaveyoualonewiththeliquidyoumaypourit_____________10!Thenyouhave___________11;thenyouhaveteaat11o’clockinthemorning;_____________12;thenyouhaveteafortea;thenaftersupper;andagainateleveno’clock_____________
13.Youmustnotrefuseanyadditionalcupsofteaunderthe_____________14:ifitishot;ifitiscold;ifyouare_____________15;ifyouarenervous;ifyouarewatchingTV;_____________16;ifyouhavejustreturnedhome;ifyoufeellikeit;ifyoudonotfeellikeit;ifyouhavehadnotea______________17;ifyouhavejusthadacup.Youdefinitelymustnot______________
18.Isleepatfiveo’clockinthemorning;Ihavecoffeeforbreakfast;Idrinkinnumerable_____________19duringtheday;Ihavethe_____________20evenattea-time!PartB:ListeningComprehension
1.StatementsDirections:Inthispartofthetesttherewillbesomeshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoneyouwillbeaskedsomequestions.ThetalksconversationsandquestionswillbespokenONLYONCE.NowlistencarefullyandchoosetherightanswertoeachquestionyouhaveheardandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.
1.ATheprogramonChannelEightremindsmeofTVcommercials.BTheproductadvertisedintheTVcommercialcannothelpcuremyillness.CIdon’twatchTVthatmuchbecauseoftheomnipresentadvertisements.DIhavetositonthesofabecauseIamtoosicktostandinfrontofthetelevision.
2.ATheplanearrivedat7:
30.BTheplanearrivedat8:
00.CTheplanearrivedat9:
00.DTheplanearrivedat10:
00.
3.AI’llasksomeoneelsetoreadandcheckthisagreementforerrors.BI’llthinkmoreabouttheagreementbeforemakingadecision.CIt’sobviousthatI’lldiscusstheagreementwithmyassistantfirst.DIt’soutofquestionthatIshouldgetintoanyagreementwithyou.
4.AThebettermembersdecidedtocancelthemeeting.BLessthanhalfofthecommitteewasawayonbusinesstrips.CIt’dbebetterifnoonehadattendedthismorning’scommitteemeeting..DThemeetingwascancelledbecauseoflowattendance.
5.ASupermarketsintheinnercityandthesuburbsareusuallyownedbythesamecompany.BProductsingrocerystoresaremoreexpensivethanthoseinsupermarkets.CThereisapricedifferenceforthesameproducteveninshopsrunbythesamecompany.DPeopleprefertoshopinsupermarketswhicharemostlylocatedinthesuburbswithfreeparkingspace.
6.AManyAmericanscannotaffordhighereducationbecauseofthesoaringcollegetuitionfeesandexpenses.BSendingtheirchildrentocollegeisnolongerabiggerchallengeformillionsofAmericans.CTheAmericangovernmenthassetthegoalthatitwilleventuallystopfundinghighereducationinstitutions.DNowadaysAmericanparentshavetopaymoretosendtheirchildrentocollege.
7.AFormanyuniversitygraduatesthejobstheytakewillnotberelatedtotheiracademicachievements.BBecauseofeconomicrecessionthenumberofuniversitystudentsmajoringinliberalartsisdeclining.CUniversitystudentswhoareinterestedinliberalartswillhavemorejobopportunitiesupongraduation.DWithhighunemploymentratemanyuniversitystudentswillhavetooptfortransferringtoothermajors.
8.AGoodbusinessnegotiatorswillneverrepeatwhatotherpeoplehavealreadyrestated.BRestatingbygoodbusinessnegotiatorsisnotaneffectivewaytochecktheinformation.CGoodbusinessnegotiatorsaresometimescuriousaboutotherpeople’srestatements.DRestatingwhatothershavesaidisagoodstrategyforconfirmingunderstanding.
9.AWecannotreachanagreementletaloneaspokenpromise.BWe’dbetterdraftandthensignawrittenagreement.CWegenerallykeepourpromisesinbusinesstransactions.DWehopeyouunderstandwhyweareunabletokeepourpromises.
10.AIdon’tthinkyouhavemoretosayonthattopic.BIthinkwe’dbettertalkaboutthatindetailsometimelater.CIamtrulyappreciativeifyoucanelaborateonthattopicafterlunch.DIambusyrightnowsowemightaswelldiscussitoverlunchtoday.
2.TalksandConversationsDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhearseveralshorttalksandconversations.Aftereachoftheseyouwillhearafewquestions.ListencarefullybecauseyouwillhearthetalkorconversationandquestionsONLYONCE.Whenyouhearaquestionreadthefouranswerchoicesandchoosethebestanswertothatquestion.ThenwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions11-
1411.ATwoBThreeCFourDFive
12.AAprofit-makingprivateschool.BAnon-profit-makingindependentschool.CAstateschoolthatisfundedbynon-governmentalsources.DAsecondaryschoolthatisopentothemajorityofBritishstudents.
13.AManychildrenarenolongerplacedinschoolsaccordingtotheiracademicabilities.BManychildrencanaffordtostudyinprivateschoolsastheybecomepartofthestatesystem.CChildrenfromwealthyfamiliesnolongerchoosetogoandstudyinpublicschools.DClevererchildrenwillbesenttothebestprivateschoolsinthecountryforabetterdevelopment.
14.ACleverandlessbrightchildrenwillmixwellwitheachother.BSchoolauthoritieswillreceivemorefundsfromthegovernment.CMoststudentswilldowellintheirentranceexaminationforthehighereducation.DEverychildwillhaveanequalopportunitytogoontohighereducation.Questions15-
1815.AOnethatisunabridgedwithdetaileddefinitions.BOnethatcontainsfewerwordsandemphasizesonspecialwords.COnethatcontainsabroadrangeofwordsincommonusage.DOnethatspansseveralvolumesandhasextensivewordhistories
16.ATheNewOxfordPictureDictionaryBTheAmericanHeritageDictionaryCTheDictionaryofLegalTermsDTheDrinkingWaterDictionary
17.AItlistsabbreviationspropernounsandtablesofmeasures.BItisanunabridgededitionprovidingasmanyas500000entries.CItwasrandomlycompiledandcontainsasmanyforeignwordsaspossible.DItprovidesdetailedinformationoffamouspeopleandplaces.
18.AAschooldictionary.BAcollegedictionary.CAgeneraldictionary.DAspecializeddictionary.Questions19-
2219.AHe’sboughthiswifeapresent.BHe’smissedanimportantphonecall.CHe’sdismissedhisnewsecretary.DHe’spoppedoutshopping.
20.ATalkingaboutthelatestfashion.BOfferingspecialreductions.CGivingbiggerdiscountstofemalecustomers.DPressingonthecustomertomakeadecision.
21.AUpsidedownandinsideout.BInsideoutandbacktofront.CWithitssleevesastrouserlegs.DWithitspatternupsidedown.
22.AAV-neckedpulloverwithshortsleeves.BAhigh-neckedpulloverwithlongsleeves.CAwhitepulloverwithapattern.DAbluepulloverwithahighneck.Questions23-
2623.AThatofacreator.BThatofare-creator.CThatofareceiver.DThatofaperformer.
24.ABecauseweneedtoconcentrateforourquietthought.BBecausewewanttogivefullattentiontothedriving.CBecausewetrytoavoidbeingcaughtbythepatrollingpolice.DBecauseweintendtobeascasualaspossibleinthedriving.
25.AIntheelevator.BInthecar.CInthebathroom.DInthechurch.
26.AByperceptiveandanalyticallistening.BBytakingasonicbath.CByattendingclassicalconcerts.DBylisteningtoanemotionalpieceofmusic.Questions27-
3027.AHisgrandfather’shouse.BHisparents’remarks.CAmagazine.DAcoursebook.
28.AEnjoyingvisitingzoos.BDrivingacar.CMakingmoney.DTakingkidstoamuseum.
29.AItdiedafewyearsago.BItkilledseveraltourists.CItisonlyalegend.DItisalivingdinosaur.
30.ANoonehasprovidedanaccuratedescriptionoftheanimal.BNodeadbodiesoftheanimalhaveeverbeenfound.CThereareonly500specieslivinginLochNess.DThelakeisnotdeepenoughforsuchahugeanimal.PartC:ListeningandTranslationI.SentenceTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear5sentenceinEnglish.YouwillhearthesentencesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachsentencetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.12345II.PassageTranslationDirections:Inthispartofthetestyouwillhear2passagesinEnglish.YouwillhearthepassagesONLYONCE.AfteryouhaveheardeachpassagetranslateitintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Youmaytakenoteswhileyouarelistening.12SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSDirection:Inthissectionyouwillreadseveralpassages.Eachoneisfollowedbyseveralquestionsaboutit.YouaretochooseONEbestanswerABCorDtoeachquestion.AnswerallthequestionsfollowingeachpassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassageandwritetheletteroftheansweryouhavechoseninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Questions1~5ThepurposeoftheAmericancourtsystemistoprotecttherightsofthepeople.AccordingtoAmericanlawifsomeoneisaccusedofacrimeheorsheisconsideredinnocentuntilthecourtprovesthatthepersonisguilty.Inotherwordsitistheresponsibilityofthecourttoprovethatapersonisguilty.Itisnottheresponsibilityofthepersontoprovethatheorsheisinnocent.Inordertoarrestapersonthepolicehavetobereasonablysurethatacrimehasbeencommitted.Thepolicemustgivethesuspectthereasonswhytheyarearrestinghimandtellhimhisrightsunderthelaw.Thenthepolicetakethesuspecttothepolicestationto“book”him.“Bookingmeansthatthenameofthepersonandthechargesagainsthimareformallylistedatthepolicestation.Thenextstepisforthesuspecttogobeforeajudge.Thejudgedecideswhetherthesuspectshouldbekeptinjailorreleased.Ifthesuspecthasnopreviouscriminalrecordandthejudgefeelsthathewillreturntocourtratherthanrunaway—forexamplebecauseheownsahouseandhasafamily—hecangofree.Otherwisethesuspectmustputupbail.Atthistimetoothejudgewillappointacourtlayertodefendthesuspectifhecan’taffordone.Thesuspectreturnstocourtaweekortwolater.Alawyerfromthedistrictattorney’sofficepresentsacaseagainstthesuspect.Thisiscalledahearing.Theattorneymaypresentevidenceaswellaswitnesses.Thejudgeatthehearingthendecideswhetherthereisenoughreasontoholdatrial.Ifthejudgedecidesthatthereissufficientevidencetocallforatrialheorshesetsadateforthesuspecttoappearincourttoformallypleadguiltyornotguilty.Atthetrialajuryof12peoplelistenstotheevidencefrombothattorneysandhearsthetestimonyofthewitnesses.Thenthejurygoesintoaprivateroomtoconsidertheevidenceanddecidewhetherthedefendantisguiltyofthecrime.Ifthejurydecidesthatthedefendantisinnocenthegoesfree.Howeverifheisconvictedthejudgesetsadateforthedefendanttoappearincourtagainforsentencing.Atthistimethejudgetellstheconvictedpersonwhathispunishmentwillbe.Thejudgemaysentencehimtoprisonorderhimtopayafineorplacehimonprobation.TheAmericanjusticesystemisverycomplexandsometimesoperatesslowly.Howevereverystepisdesignedtoprotecttherightsofthepeople.TheseindividualrightsarethebasisorfoundationoftheAmericangovernment.
1.WhatisthemainideaofthepassageATheAmericancourtsystemrequiresthatasuspectprovethatheorsheisinnocent.BTheUScourtsystemisdesignedtoprotecttherightsofthepeople.CUndertheAmericancourtsystemjudgedecidesifasuspectisinnocentorguilty.DTheUScourtsystemisdesignedtohelpthepolicepresentacaseagainstthesuspect.
2.Whatfollows‘inotherwords’para.1AAnexampleoftheprevioussentence.BAnewideaaboutthecourtsystem.CAnitemofevidencetocallforatrial.DArestatementoftheprevioussentence.
3.Accordingtothepassage‘hecangofree’para.3means_________.AthesuspectisfreetochoosealawyertodefendhimBthesuspectdoesnothavetogototrialbecausethejudgehasdecidedheisinnocentCthesuspectwillbeinformedbymailwhetherheisinnocentornotDthesuspectdoesnothavetowaitinjailorpaymoneyuntilhegoestotrial
4.WhatisthepurposeofhavingthesuspectpaybailATopayforthejudgeandthetrial.BTopayforacourtlawyertodefendthesuspect.CToensurethatthesuspectwillreturntocourt.DToensurethatthesuspectwillappearinprison.
5.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueATheAmericanjusticesystemsometimesoperatesslowly.BThepolicecanarrestasuspectwithoutgivinganyreasons.CItistheresponsibilityofthesuspecttoproveheisinnocent.DThejuryconsiderstheevidenceinthecourtroom.Questions6~10Soyou’vegotaninvention—youandaround39000otherseachyearaccordingto2002statistics!The64000-dollarquestionifyouhavecomeupwithadevicewhichyoubelievetobetheanswertotheenergycrisisoryou’veinventedalawnmowerwhichcutsgrasswithajetofwaternotsodaftsomeonehasinventedoneishowtoensureyou’retheonetoreaptherewardsofyouringenuity.HowwillallyougardenshedboffinsouttherekeepothersfromcapitalizingonyourideasandliningtheirpocketsatyourexpenseOneofthefirststepstoprotectyourinterestistopatentyourinvention.Thatcankeepitoutofthegraspofthepiratesforatleastthenext20years.Andforthisreasoninventorsintheirdrovesbeataconstanttrailfromalloverthecountrytothedoorsofananonymousgrey-frontedbuildingjustbehindLondon’sHolborntotryandpatenttheirdevices.ThebuildinghousesthePatentOffice.It’sanantheapofcorridorsofficesandfilingrooms—asortinghouseandstoragedepotforoneoftheworld’sbiggestandmostvariedcollectionsoftechnicaldata.Sometenmillionpatents—Englishandforeign—arelistedthere.Fileafterfilecatalogueaftercataloguedetailthebrain-childrenofinventorsdownthecenturiesfroma1600’smachinegundesignedtofiresquarebulletsatinfidelsandroundonesatChristianstopresent-daylasernuclearandcomputertechnology.Thefirst‘letterspatent’weregrantedaslongagoas1449toaFlemishcraftsmanbythenameofJohnUtynam.TheletterswritteninLatinarestillonfileattheoffice.TheyweregrantedbyKingHenryVIandentitledUtynamto‘importintothiscountry’hisknowledgeofmakingstainedglasswindowsinordertoinstallsuchwindowsatEtonCollege.Present-daypatentsprocedureisamoresophisticatedaffairthangettingago-aheadnotefromthemonarch.Thesedaysthestrictproceduresgoverningwhetheryougetapatentforyourrevolutionarymouse-traporsolar-poweredback-scratcherhavebeenreducedtoaprettyexactscience.Fromstarttofinishitwilltakearoundtwoandahalfyearsandcost£165fortheinventortogainpatentprotectionforhisbrainchild.That’sifhe’slucky.BynomeansallwhoapplytothePatentOfficewhichisabranchoftheDepartmentofTradegetapatent.AkeymanatthePatentOfficeisBernardPartridgePrincipalExaminerAdministrationwhoboilsdowntoonewordthevitalingredientanyinventorneedsbeforehecanhopetoovercomethemanyhurdlesinthecomplexprocedureofobtainingapatent—‘ingenuity’.
6.Peopletakeoutapatentbecausetheywantto__________.AkeeptheirideasfrombeingstolenBreaptherewardsofsomebodyelse’singenuityCvisitthepatentofficebuildingDcomeupwithmorenewdevices
7.Thephrase‘thebrain-childrenofinventors’para.5means_________.AthechildrenwithhighintelligenceBtheinventionsthatpeoplecomeupwithCadevicethatachildbelievestobetheanswertotheenergycrisisDalawnmowerthatanindividualhasinventedtocutgrass
8.Whathavethe1600’smachinegunandthepresent-daylaserincommonABothwereapprovedbythemonarch.BBothweregrantedbyKingHenryVI.CBothwererejectedbytheDepartmentofTrade.DBothwerepatented.
9.WhyisJohnUtynamstillrememberedAHeisthefirstpersontogetapatentforhisrevolutionarymouse-trap.BHeisthefirstpersontobegrantedanofficialpatent.CHeisthefirstpersontobeanofficerinthePatentOffice.DHeisthefirstpersontohaveinventedalawnmower.
10.AccordingtothepassagehowwouldyoudescribethecomplexprocedureofobtainingapatentforaninventionAItisratherexpensive.BItisanimpossibletask.CItisextremelydifficult.DItisverytricky.Questions11~15Alllivingcellsonearthrequiremoisturefortheirmetabolism.Cerealgrainswhenbroughtinfromthefieldalthoughtheymayappeartobedrymaycontain20percentofmoistureormore.Iftheyarestoredinabinthusthereissufficientmoistureinthemtosupportseveralvarietiesofinsects.Theseinsectswillthereforeliveandbreedandastheygrowandeatthegrainitprovidesthemwithbiologicalenergyfortheirlifeprocesses.Thisenergywilljustasinmanbecomemanifestasheat.Sincethebulkofthegrainactsasaninsulatorthetemperaturesurroundingthecolonyofinsectswillrisesothatnotonlyispartofthegrainspoiledbythedirectattackoftheinsectsbutmoremaybedamagedbytheheat.Sometimesthetemperaturemayevenrisetothepointwherethestoredgraincatchesfire.Forsafestoragegrainmustbedrieduntilitsmoisturecontentis13percentorless.Traditionalartsoffoodpreservationtookadvantageofthisprincipleinanumberofways.Theplantseedswheatryericebarleymilletmaizearethemselvesstructuresevolvedbynaturetoprovidestoredfood.Thestarchoftheirendospermisusedforthenourishmentoftheembryoduringthetimeitover-wintersifitisaplantoftheTemperateZoneanduntilitsnewleaveshavegrownandtheirchlorophyllcantrapenergyfromthesunlighttonourishthenew-grownplant.Theseparationbythreshingandwinnowingisthereforetosomedegreepartofatechniqueoffoodpreservation.Thedirectdryingofotherfoodshasalsobeenused.FishhasbeendriedinmanypartsoftheworldbesidesAfrica.Slicesofdriedmeatarepreparedbynumerousraces.Biltongaformofdriedmeatwasacustomaryfoodfortravelers.Thedryingofmeatorfisheitherinthesunoroverafirequiteapartfromthedegreetowhichitexposesthefoodtoinfectionbybacteriaandinfestationbyinsectstendsalsotoharmitsquality.Proteinsarecomplexmolecularstructureswhicharereadilydisrupted.Thisisthereasonwhydriedmeatbecomestoughandcanwithsomescientificjustificationbylikenedtoleather.Thetechnicalprocessofdryingfoodsindirectlybypicklingtheminthestrongsaltsolutionscommonlycalled‘brine’doeslessharmtotheproteinthanstraightforwarddryingparticularlyifthisiscarriedoutathightemperatures.Itisforthisreasonthatmanyofthetypicaldryingprocessesarenottakentocompletion.Thatistosaytheouterpartsmaybedriedleavingamoistinnersection.Underthesecircumstancespreservationisonlypartial.Thedriedfoodkeepslongerthanitwouldhaveundriedbutitcannotbekeptindefinitely.Forthisreasontraditionalprocessesaretobefoundinmanypartsoftheworldinwhichacombinationofpartialdryingandpicklinginbrineisused.Quiteoftenthedryinginvolvesexposuretosmoke.Foodstreatedinthiswayarebesidesfishofvarioussortsbaconhamsandnumeroustypesofsausages.
11.Accordingtothepassageinsectsspoilstoredcerealsby________.AconsumingallthegrainthemselvesBgeneratingheatandraisingthesurroundingtemperatureCincreasingthemoisturecontentinthegrainDattackingeachotherformoregrain
12.Inspeakingofthetraditionalmethodsoffoodpreservationthewriter________.AexpressesdoubtsaboutdirectsmokingBdescribessaltingandpicklingasineffectiveCcondemnsdirectdryingDmentionsthreshingandwinnowing
13.Directdryingaffectsthequalityofmeatorfishbecause________.AitexposesthemtoinsectsBitmakesthemhardCitdamagestheproteinDitdevelopsbacteria
14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatsaltingpreservesfoodby________.AdestroyingtheproteinBdrawingawaymoisturefromthefoodCdryingthefoodinthesunDdressingthefood
15.Accordingtothepassagepartialdryingisusefulbecause________.AitdamagestheproteinlessBitcanbecombinedwithpicklingCitleavestheinsidemoistDitmakesthefoodsoftQuestions16~20Wearemovinginexorablyintotheageofautomation.Ouraimisnottodeviseamechanismwhichcanperformathousanddifferentactionsofanyindividualmanbutonthecontraryonewhichcouldbyasingleactionreplaceathousandmen.Industrialautomationhasmovedalongthreelines.Firstthereistheconveyorbeltsystemofcontinuousproductionwherebyseparateoperationsarelinkedintoasinglesequence.Thegoodsproducedbythiswell-establishedmethodareuntouchedbytheworkerandthemachinereplacesbothunskilledandsemiskilled.Secondlythereisautomationwithfeedbackcontrolofthequalityoftheproduct:heremechanismsarebuiltintothesystemwhichcancomparetheoutputwithanormthatistheactualproductwithwhatitissupposedtobeandthencorrectanyshortcomings.Theentirecycleofoperationsdispenseswithhumancontrolexceptinsofarasmonitorsareconcerned.Oneortwoexamplesofthistypeofautomationwillillustrateitsimmensepossibilities.ThereisafactoryintheU.S.A.whichmakes1000millionelectriclightbulbsayearandthefactoryemploysthreehundredpeople.Ifthepreautomationtechniquesweretobeemployedthelabourforcerequiredwouldleapto
25000.Amotormanufacturingcompanywith45000sparepartsregulatestheirentiresupplyentirelybycomputer.Computerscanbeentrustedwithmostofthesupervisionofindustrialinstallationssuchaschemicalplantsoroilrefineries.Thirdlythereiscomputerautomationforbanksaccountingdepartmentsinsurancecompaniesandthelike.Heretheessentialfeaturesaretherecordingstoringsortingandretrievalofinformation.Theprincipalmeritofmoderncomputingmachinesistheachievementoftheirvastlygreaterspeedofoperationbycomparisonwithunaidedhumaneffort;ataskwhichotherwisemighttakeyearsifattemptedatallnowtakesdaysorhours.Oneofthemosturgentproblemsofindustrialsocietiesrapidlyintroducingautomationishowtofillthetimethatwillbemadefreebythemachineswhichwilltakeoverthetasksoftheworkers.Thequestionisnotsimplyoffillingemptytimebutalsoofutilizingthesurplushumanenergythatwillbereleased.Wearealreadyseeingstrawsinthewind:destructiveoutburstsonthepartofyouthwhoseworknolongerdemandsmuscularstrength.WhileautomationwillundoubtedlydoawaywithalargenumberoftediousjobsarewesurethatitwillnotputotherswhichareequallytediousintheirplaceForanenormousamountofsheermonitoringwillberequired.Amaninanautomatedplantmayhavetositforhoursonandwatchingdialsandtakingdecisiveactionwhensomesignalinformshimthatallisnotwell.WhatmeaningwillhisoccupationbearfortheworkerHowwillhedevotehisfreetimeafterafourorfivehourstintoflabourMoreoverwhatindeedwillbethesignificanceforhimofhisleisureIfindustryofthefuturecouldbepurgedofitsmonotonyandmeaninglessnessmanwouldthenbebetterequippedtousehisleisuretimeconstructively.
16.Themainpurposeofautomationis_________.Atodevisethemachinewhichcouldreplacethesemi-skilledBtoprocessinformationasfastaspossibleCtodevelopanefficientlabor-savingmechanismDtomakeanindividualmanperformmanydifferentactions
17.Thechiefbenefitofcomputingmachinesis________.AtheirgreaterspeedofoperationBtheircontroloftheproductqualityCtheirconveyorbeltsystemofcontinuousproductionDtheirsupervisionofindustrialinstallations
18.Oneoftheproblemsbroughtaboutbyautomationinindustrialsocietiesis_________.AplentyofinformationBsurplushumanenergyCdestructiveoutburstsDlessleisuretime
19.Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheuseof‘stint’para.4AEffort.BForce.CExcess.DPeriod.
20.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueAThereisnoautomationwithfeedbackcontrolofthequalityoftheproduct.BComputersarereliableinanysupervisionofindustrialinstallations.CTheessentialfeaturesforbanksaretherecordingandsortingofinformation.DAutomationwillundoubtedlyeliminatenumeroustediousjobs.Questions21-25ThecitywaterpipesinRomewereusuallyofbakedclayorlead;copperwassometimesusedandalsohollowedstone.ForthelargesupplyconduitsleadingtothecitytheRomansusedcoveredchannelswithfreewatersurfacesratherthanpipes.Perhapsthischoicewasamatterofeconomicsforapparentlytheycouldmakeleadpipesupto15inchesindiameter.Whilepipescanfollowtheprofileofundulatinggroundwiththepressureincreasinginthelowerareaschannelscannot.Theymustslopecontinuouslydownwardsbecausewaterinchannelsdoesnotnormallyflowuphill;andthegrademustbeflatfrom1in60insmallchannelstoperhaps1in3000inlargeonestokeepthewaterspeeddowntoafewfeetpersecond.Thusthemainsupplychannelsoraqueductshadlonglengthsofflatgradeandwheretheycrosseddepressionsorvalleystheywerecarriedonelevatedstonebridgesintheformoftieredarches.AtthebeginningoftheChristianeratherewereover30milesoftheseraisedaqueductsinthe250milesofchannelsandtunnelsbringingwatertoRome.Thechannelswereupto6feetwideand5to8feethigh.Sometimeschannelswerelateraddedonthetopsofexistingones.TheremainsofsomeoftheseaqueductsstillgracetheskylineontheoutskirtsofRomeandelsewhereinEuropesimilarruinsarefound.BrickandstonedrainswereconstructedinvariouspartsofRome.TheoldestexistingoneistheCloacaMaximawhichfollowsthecourseofanoldstream.ItdatesbackatleasttothethirdcenturyB.C.Laterthedrainswereusedforsewageflushedbywaterfromthepublicbathsandfountainsaswellasstreetstormrun-off.Thetrulysurprisingaspectoftheachievementsofalltheancienthydraulicartisansisthelackoftheoreticalknowledgebehindtheirdesigns.ApartfromthehydrostaticsofArchimedestherewasnosoundunderstandingofthemostelementaryprinciplesoffluidbehaviour.SextusFrontinusRome’swatercommissioneraroundA.D.100didnotfullyrealizethatinordertocalculatethevolumerateofflowinachannelitisnecessarytoallowforthespeedoftheflowaswellastheareaofcross-section.TheRomans’flowstandardwastherateatwhichwaterwouldflowthroughabronzepiperoughly4/3inchindiameterand9incheslong.Whenthispipewasconnectedtothesideofawater-supplypipeorchannelasadeliveryoutletitwasassumedthattheoutflowwasatthestandardrate.Infacttheamountofwaterdelivereddependednotonlyonthecross-sectionalareaoftheoutletpipebutalsoonthespeedofwaterflowingthroughitandthisspeeddependedonthepressureinthesupplypipe.
21.TheRomansusedallofthefollowingtomakewaterpipesEXCEPT_________.AearthBwoodCcopperDstone
22.Coveredchannelswereusedinsteadofpipestosupplylargequantitiesofwaterprobablybecause_________.AtheRomanscouldbuildthemmorecheaplyBthesechannelscouldfollowunevengroundmoreeasilyCtheRomanscouldnotbuildlargepipesDthesechannelsavoidedrapidchangesofpressure
23.Theuseof‘grace’inline15suggeststhattheaqueductstodayare_________.AhideousBdivineCusefulDattractive
24.Inordertocalculatethevolumeofwaterflowingthroughapipeitisimportanttoknowitsspeedand________.AtheareaacrosstheendofthepipeBthelengthofthepipeCthewaterpressureinthepipeDthelevelfromwhichthewaterfalls
25.Themainsubjectofthepassageisconcernedessentiallywith__________.AtheclassicalscientificachievementsBthetheoreticalGreekhydrostaticsCtheancientRomanhydraulicsystemDtheearlyEuropeanarchitecturaldesigningQuestions26-30Everydayofourlivesweareindangerofinstantdeathfromsmallhigh-speedmissilesfromspace—thelumpsofrockyormetallicdebriswhichcontinuouslybombardtheEarth.Thechancesofanyoneactuallybeinghithoweverareverylowalthoughtherearerecordedinstancesof‘stonesfromthesky’hurtingpeopleandnumerousaccountsofdamagetobuildingsandotherobjects.Atnightthisextraterrestrialmaterialcanbeseenas‘fireballs’or‘shootingstars’burningtheirwaythroughouratmosphere.Mostonreachingouratmospherebecomecompletelyvaporised.Theheightabovegroundatwhichtheseobjectsbecomesufficientlyheatedtobevisibleisestimatedtobeabout60-100miles.MeteoritesthathavefallenonbuildingshavesometimesendedtheirlonglonelyspacevoyageincongruouslyunderbedsinsideflowerpotsoreveninthecaseofonethatlandedonahotelinNorthWaleswithinachamberpot.BeforetheeraofspaceexplorationitwasconfidentlypredictedthatneithermennorspacevehicleswouldsurviveforlongoutsidetheprotectiveblanketoftheEarth’satmosphere.Itwasthoughtthatonceinspacetheywouldbeseriouslydamagedasaresultoftheincessantdownpourofmeteoritesfallingtowardsourplanetattherateofmanymillionseveryday.Eventhefirstsatellitesshowedthatthedangerfrommeteoriteshadbeengreatlyoverestimatedbythepessimistsbutalthoughithasnothappenedyetitiscertainthatonedayaspacecraftwillbebadlydamagedbyameteorite.ThegreatestsinglepotentialdangertolifeonEarthundoubtedlycomesfromoutsideourplanet.Collisionwithanotherastronomicalbodyofanysizeorwitha‘blackhole’couldcompletelydestroytheEarthalmostinstantly.Nearmissesofbodieslargerthanorcomparableinsizetoourownplanetcouldbeequallydisastroustomankindastheymightstillresultintotalorpartialdisruption.IfthevelocityofimpactwerehighcollisionwithevenquitesmallextraterrestrialbodiesmightcausecatastrophicdamagetotheEarth’satmosphereoceansandoutercrustandthusproduceresultsinimicaltolifeasweknowit.TheprobabilityofcollisionwithalargeastronomicalbodyfromoutsideourSolarSystemisextremelylowpossiblylessthanonceinthelifetimeofanaveragestar.WeknowhoweverthatourgalaxycontainsgreatinterstellardustcloudsandsomeastronomershavesuggestedthattheremightalsobeimmensestreamsofmeteoritematterinspacethattheSolarsystemmayoccasionallyencounter.EvenifwedisregardthispossibilityourownSolarsystemitselfcontainsagreatnumberofsmallastronomicalbodiessuchastheminorplanetsorasteroidsandthecometssomewitheccentricorbitsthatoccasionallybringthemclosetotheEarth’spath.
26.AccordingtothewritertheEarthisbeingcontinuouslybombardedby_________.AbigbrightstarsfromspaceBman-madespacevehiclesCgreatinterstellardustcloudsDsmallhigh-speedpiecesofrockfromspace
27.Theword“vaporised”para.1means_________.AturnedfromstonesintomissilesBturnedfromafireballintoblackCturnedfromasolidintoagasDturnedfrommeteorsintoshootingstars
28.WhywasitoncethoughtthatnospacecraftwouldsurviveforverylonginspaceAPeoplebelievedthatspacecraftwouldbedestroyedinablackhole.BPeoplebelievedthatspacecraftwouldbemisguidedbymissiles.CPeoplebelievedthatspacecraftwouldbecollidedwithastar.DPeoplebelievedthatspacecraftwouldbedamagedbymeteorites.
29.WhatisthegreatestdangertolifeonEarthACollisionwithsmallhigh-speedmissiles.BCollisionwithanastronomicalbody.CCollisionwithstonesfromthesky.DCollisionwithspacecrafts.
30.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueAOurgalaxycontainsgreatinterstellardustclouds.BNearmissesofbodiessmallerthanourownplanetcouldbedisastrous.CTheprobabilityofcollisionwithalargeastronomicalbodyisveryhigh.DThechancesofanyoneactuallybeinghitbymissilesareveryhigh.SECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1Direction:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChineseandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.Thecultureofanysocietyisusuallythoughttobeoftwokinds:materialandnonmaterial.Materialcultureincludestheman-madephenomenawhichhavephysicalpropertiessuchasheightbreadthandweight.Aboatamachineahouse—alltheseobjectsarepartofthematerialculture.Thenonmaterialcultureisthatportionoftheenvironmentwhichsurroundsmanandwhichhasanimpactonhisbehaviorbutwhichlacksthesematerialproperties:valuesbeliefstraditionsandalltheotherhabitsandideasinventedandacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety.Contemporarysociologicaltheorytendstoassignprimaryimportancetothenonmaterialcultureinchoosingproblemsforstudy.Itassumesforexamplethatboatsplanesautomobilesandsofortharenotnearlysoimportantasthetraditionswehavedevelopedwhichmaketheirmanufacturepossible—indeedwhichprescribehowwearetousethem.Theemphasisofcontemporarysociologyistoinsistthatthematerialculturewouldnotexisthadnotthenonmaterialculturefirstbeenavailabletosuggesttheideaswhichareembodiedintheinventionsofmaterialculture.SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2Direction:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishandwriteyourversioninthecorrespondingspaceinyourANSWERBOOKLET.进入耶鲁大学的校园,看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞,呼吸着书香浓郁的空气,我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学度过的美好时光当年老师们对我的教诲,同学们给我的启发,我至今仍受用不尽耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世如果时光能够倒流几十年,我真希望成为你们中的一员耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理,这符合人类进步的法则,也符合每个有志青年的心愿参考答案SECTION1:LISTENINGTESTPartA:SpotDictation【答案】
1.thetrend
11.breakfast
2.cancerandheartdisease
12.Thenafterlunch
3.similarandarevivingjolt
13.atnight
4.alongtradition
14.followingcircumstances
5.at5o’clock
15.exhausted
6.smilinghostess
16.Beforeyougoout
7.disturbed
17.forsometime
8.deservetobeshot
18.followmyexample
9.doadore
19.cupsofblackcoffee
10.downthewashbasin
20.mostunusualdrinksPartB:ListeningComprehension
1.Statements
1.C
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.C
6.D
7.A
8.D
9.B
10.B
2.TalksandConversations
11.C
12.B
13.A
14.D
15.C
16.B
17.A
18.D
19.D
20.C
21.B
22.A
23.C
24.B
25.D
26.A
27.C
28.A
29.D
30.BPartC:ListeningandTranslationI.SentenceTranslation1昨天我们过的很愉快我们先去了情人港(达令港)吃午饭,然后开车在悉尼市内兜风,看了看这个城市2中国经济明年预计增长超过8%,大多数投资专家都对明年的经济形势表示非常乐观3尽管身边环境过于拥挤,且工作时间过长,带来很大压力,但日本的男性普遍寿命都达到75岁,而女性平均寿命达81岁4虽然工程师们无法确定,新计划是否会有效,但它看起来是解决问题的好方法,至少书面上看起来是这样5很多美国的高中生在考试中作弊在我们最近调查的八千名学生中,70%的学生承认在最近一学年中至少做过一次作弊II.PassageTranslation1自从我父母离婚之后,我从一个被宠坏的孩子,转变成了一个通情达理的大学生在父母离婚前,我认为母亲就应该服侍我母亲为我洗衣服,做饭,洗碗,甚至还为我铺床我15岁时父亲离开了我们,然后一切都变了母亲找了份全职工作来供养我们,我就成了那个有时间来做家务的人同时,我还在周末做兼职来挣自己的零花钱生活不易,但我很高兴自己不再是那个被宠坏的孩子了2与政府存在合约关系的美国公司经常面临这样的选择,究竟购买价格昂贵的美国产的产品,还是价格低廉的外国出产的产品如果某公司选择购买美国产品,可能会因为未能把价格压低而激怒纳税人但如果购买外国产品,则可能让美国工人面临失去工作的危险最近,美国国会通过法律,勒令与政府签过合同的美国公司优先考虑本国产品和服务SECTION2:STUDYSKILLSQuestions1~
301.B
2.D
3.D
4.C
5.A
6.A
7.B
8.D
9.B
10.C
11.B
12.D
13.C
14.D
15.C
16.C
17.A
18.B
19.D
20.D
21.B
22.A
23.D
24.A
25.C
26.D
27.C
28.D
29.B
30.ASECTION3:TRANSLATIONTEST1【参考译文】人们通常认为任何社会的文化均分为两种物质文化和非物质文化//物质文化包括具有高度、宽度和重量等属性的人为现象//船只、机器、房屋――所有这些东西都被认为是物质文化的一部分//非物质文化则是人类所处环境的一部分,对人类的行为有着影响,但缺乏这些/上述物质属性(非物质文化是指)人作为社会一员所创立和获得的价值观、信仰、准则、传统及一切其他习惯和思想当代社会学理念选择要研究的问题时,往往以非物质文化为主//例如,社会学理论认为船只、飞机、汽车等等,其重要性远不及人们为制造这些东西――更确切地说是为规定其使用方法――而形成的传统//当代社会学所强调的是,要不是先有了孕育发明物质文化想法的非物质文化,物质文化就不会存在SECTION4:TRANSLATIONTEST2【参考译文】 ComingtotheYalecampuswithitsdistinctiveacademicflavorandlookingattheeageryoungfacesintheaudienceIcannotbutrecallmygreatexperiencestudyingatQinghuaUniversityinBeijing40yearsago.Indeedwhathappensduringonesschoolyearswillinfluencehiswholelife.Istillbenefitgreatlyfromtheinstructionofmyteachersandmyinteractionwithotherstudents. Yaleisrenownedforitslonghistoryuniquewayofteachingandexcellenceinacademicpursuit.IftimecouldgobackseveraldecadesIwouldreallyliketobeastudentofYalejustlikeyou.YalesmottoLightandTruthwhichisacallingforhumanprogressrepresentstheaspirationofeverymotivatedyoungmanandwoman.PAGE41。