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2010届高考英语专题系列复习——动词和动词词组概述动词和动词词组的考查是单项填空的重中之重,就2009年高考而言,各省、市试卷涉及动词与动词词组的考题大都占到6—9题之多主要涉及的考点有常见动词及动词近义词辨析;及物动词常被误为不及物动词;特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析,如develop发展——冲洗;meet见面——满足;cover覆盖——涉及等;拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有hanghanged绞死,hung悬挂;laylaidlaid放置;lieliedlied说慌;lielaylain平卧等其中,常见动词及动词近义词辨析是高考动词类的热点问题热点1几个常见的谓语动词常见动词及其搭配是动词类的热点,非常值得注意以下归纳几个常见动词,其目的就是要让考生在平时的学习过程中学会不断积累和总结
1.关于make
(1)make当“做、制造”解时,可跟双宾语,间接宾语用for引导如He’llmakemeakite.=He’llmakeakiteforme.他将给我制作一个风筝
(2)make通常与一些表示动作的名词连用如
①makeastudy/trip/promise/movement/statement/dive/request/change/fire/demand/speech/report/face/plan/success/living/difference
②makeanexplanation/experiment/excuse/effect/apology…tosb
③makepreparations/progress/room…forsb
④makeone’sway/breadteacoffee/upone’smind/noanswer3make作使役动词时表示“使……做某事、使……成为“,可跟复合结构,其中的宾补可以是
①形容词Theyaretryingtomakeourcountrybeautiful.他们在努力使我们的国家变得美丽
②名词Iwouldmakeyoukingovertheearth.我会使你灰飞烟灭地球之王
③过去分词Whatmadehimsofrightened什么使他如此害怕?
④省去to的不定式Theboymadefacesjusttomaketheotherstudentslaugh.这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意make在被动语态中一定要接带to的不定式如Nooneisevermadetobehero.没有天生的英雄[典例1]Theregulationsweremade_____childrenaftertheaccidents.A.protectB.toprotectC.protectingD.tobeprotected解析B在句中因为make用的是被动语态,故其后一定要接带to的不定式,作主语补足语
⑤构成makeit+adj.+todosth./that-clause使(做)某事成为……[典例2]Themanager______itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithusleftthemeetingroom.2005·江西卷A.whohasmadeB.havingmadeC.madeD.making解析B关于make用法的考查根据句子结构分析可以判断,主句为Themanagerleftthemeetingroom.中间的部分为分词短语作状语,且动作发生在主句left动作之前,而又并非现在完成时,故排除A现在分词的完成式先于主句的谓语动词而发生,故选B
(4)make作“制造、组成”时构成的词组,常使用被动语态
①成品+bemadeof+原料(看得出原料)
②成品+bemadefrom+原料(难看或看不出原料)
③原料+bemadeinto+成品
④成品+bemadeby+执行者\制造者
⑤成品+bemadein+地点
⑥物体\组织+bemadeupof+若干成份[典例3]Theoldcottagecanbe______temporary临时的houses.A.madeintoB.madeofC.madebyD.madein解析A此句句意为这栋旧别墅可以改装成临时住宅被动词组bemadeinto符合句意
(5)make构成的两个常用词组
①makeupfor弥补,虚构,缝制,化妆,整理等如makeupjokes编笑话;makeupapoem/astory/asong编诗歌/故事/歌曲再如Theyhurriedontomakeupforlosttime.他们加速进行以补回失去的时间Theboymadeupastory;itwasnottrue.男孩儿编了个故事,这故事不是真的Shemadeupherfacetolookprettier.她化了妆以便看上去更漂亮些[典例4]EverybodyinthevillagelikesJackbecauseheisgoodattellingand______jokes.2005·江苏卷A.turningupB.puttingupC.makingupD.showingup解析C动词搭配与辨析turnup找到,发现,出现;putup举起,抬起,进行;showup揭露,露出,露面而makeupjokes为“编笑话”,与句意吻合
②makefull/good/thebestuseof充分利用如Wemustmakethebestuseofthefineweather.我们必须充分利用这好天气Let’smakeuseofthisopportunitytopracticeourspokenEnglish.让我们好好地利用这个机会来练习英语口语
2.关于consider
(1)作“考虑”讲时,可跟名词/代词/从句或跟连接代词/副词+todo或跟动名词连用如Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere你考虑过如何去那里了吗?Heconsideredgoingtoseetheminprison.他考虑去监狱探试他们
(2)作“认为……,把……当作”讲时,consider+宾语+宾补,作宾补的可以是名词/形容词/不定式(不定式完成式)如Iconsiderhimtobeafool.我把他当作一个傻子看待
(3)注意结构considerit+n/adj.+todosth.IconsideritnecessarytostudyEnglish.我认为学英语很有必要
(4)consider…as…表示“把(某人或某物)看作……”如Mostpeopleconsideredhimasahero.多数人把他看成一个英雄[典例5]Manythings_____impossibleinthepastarecommontoday.A.consideringB.toconsiderC.consideredD.beingconsidered解析C动词consider的非谓语考查形式剖析其结构Manythingsarecommontoday.为主句considered是过去分词短语作定语修饰manythingsimpossible在被动语态中为主语补足语适用于“consider+宾语+宾补”结构故选C
3.关于keep
(1)keep用作及物动词,表示“使……继续处于某种状态”,其后的宾补可以是
①现在分词如Don’tkeepyourmotherwaiting.别让你母亲再等
②过去分词如Hisclothesseemedtobejustpulledontokeephimcovered.他的衣服像是刚刚拖起来披盖在自己身上的
③副词如Thishelpstokeepthecoldout.这有助于御寒
④介词短语如Hekeptthemintheclassroomafterschool.放学后,他让他们呆在教室里
⑤形容词如Thenurseskeepherveryclean.护士们将她整理得非常整法2keep作系动词,意为“保持、继续处于某种状态”如keepsilent/quiet/cool/fit…3keepdoing与keepondoing
①表示“决心、毅力、顽强意志力和强调动作的反复”时,多用keepondoing如Don’tgiveuphopekeepontrying.别放弃希望,要不断努力
②表示持续状态常用keepdoing如We’vekepthopingtogotocollege.我们一直希望上大学
③keep/keepon一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用如常不用keeponstanding/sitting/beginning/leaving[典例6]Keep______aftermealsthenyou’llbeingoodhealth.A.walkingB.sleepingC.standingD.sitting解析Akeepdoing的特殊用法此种结构一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用而sleepingstandingsitting都是表示短暂性动作的动词故选A
(4)其它搭配keepback阻止,落在后面keep…outof使……在外,不让……入内keepaway不接近,避开keep…from阻止,抑制,避免于keepoff让开,不接近keepup坚持,继续,保持,(斗争)不低落keepupwith跟上,赶上,不落后于keepintouchwith与……保持联络[典例7]Wereadthenewspapereverydayto______thepresentaffairs.A.keepupB.keepupwithC.catchupwithD.keepintouchwith解析Bkeep词组考查题根据句意我们每天读报是为了跟上当前形势keepup坚持;keepupwith跟上,赶上;catchupwith赶上,逮捕;keepintouchwith与……保持联络只有B项与句意吻合
4.关于go
(1)go的过去分词形式gone多用作表语,意为“(人)不在了、走了”,“(物)丢了、用完了”,如Thenecklacewasgone.这条项链丢了LiuMeiisalreadygone.刘梅已经走了比较Heisalreadygone.强调无目的Hehasgone.强调有目的、方向
(2)go有“……说的”之意常用于“thestorygoes…据说;asthesayinggoes正如格言所说”如Asthesayinggoes“Wherethereisawillthereisaway.”正如格言所说,“有志者,事竟成”[典例8]AsaChineseoldsaying______“Goodfortunelieswithinbadbadfortunelieswithingood.”A.goesB.sayC.issaidD.iswritten解析A与本词条中的含义吻合即用在谚语前表示“……说的、叫做”
(3)go为终止性动词,不与表示时间段的状语连用(见时态和语态专题)
(4)goto常与gotoattend意义相同,多与一些表示活动的名词连用如gotocollege/ameeting/anEnglishparty/aconcert/adance/afilm/alecture/adinner…等
(5)注意区别goondoingsth.继续做同一个动作goontodosth.做完一个接着干另一个goonwithsth.同一事件中断后又接着做Hewentonspeakingofhiswarexperiences.他继续说着他的战争经历比较Hewentontospeakofhiswarexperiences.=Hebeganspeakingofthemafterhehadfinishedspeakingofsomethingelse.他做完了别的之后,又继续说他的战争经历Theywentonwiththeirworkattheemptyloomuntillateintothenight.他们在一张空织布机上不停地工作直至深夜6其它搭配gotorest/sleep/bed休息/睡觉gooutforawalk/ride/swim/bath/drive…外出散步/骑车/游泳/洗澡/兜风goshopping/fishing/shooting/swimming/walking…购物/钓鱼/射击/游泳/散步goabout着手做,从事goahead前进,进行goalloutforsth./todosth.全力以赴goinforsth.从事于,酷爱,参加goover仔细检查,润色(文稿),复习gothrough经历,经受goup上涨
5.关于agree
(1)agree一般用作不及物动词,因此,其后不能直接带宾语如其后跟从句,则可作及物动词可跟不定式,但不跟不定式的复合结构
(2)区别
①表示“同意某人的看法”常说agreewithsb./whatsbsays
②表示“适合、合适”如agreewithThisclimatedoesn’tagreewithme.这里的气候不适合我
③表示“一致、协调”如Theverbmustagreewithitssubjectinpersonandnumber.动词必须与人称和数保持一致agreeto表示“同意(某人的建议、安排、计划)”常可说agreetoaplan/anarrangement/aproposal/adecision.agreeon/upon表示“对……取得一致意见”如Theybothagreedontheplan他们两个都同意这个方案[典例9]Idon’t_____peoplesmokingalldaylong.A.agreeB.agreetoC.agreeonD.agreewith解析B考查动词agree及词组辨析agree为不及物动词,不带宾语;agreeon/upon表示“对……取得一致意见”;agreewith表示“同意某人的看法”;agreeto表示“同意(某人的建议、安排、计划)”,符合句意热点2常见动词近义词辨析常见动词近义词很多,有必要掌握以下常见词类
1.关于windefeatbeat和gain1win作“赢”讲时,其宾语常是warbattlegamematchargumentavictorytheprize100yuanaracehonorforthepraisethefirstplace…等,而不能是表示人的名词2beat及物动词,后面的宾语是“对手”,表示结果如beatsb.in…在比赛、战斗、争论中击败某人beathimattabletennis在乒乓球赛中击败他3defeatsb.在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手强调暂时行为如defeattheenemyinthewar在战争中击败敌人4gain及物动词,表示“获得、赢得所需之物/利益或好处”如gainexperience/wealth/areputation/thetime/themarks/therank/theprize/one’srespect/success/knowledge/one’sliving/happiness/asalary/anhonor…[典例1]Ourbasketballteam____theirsbyascoreof100:
98.A.wonB.defeatC.beatD.gained解析C近义词辨析题根据win不和theirstheirteams搭配;defeat与sb.连接;gain常有“获得……”,也不与theirs搭配只有beat与“(击败的)对手”搭配,强调结果,故选C
2.关于fitsuit和match1fit作及物动词,表示“适合、配上、合身”如Thiscoatfitshernicely.这件外套非常合适Thekeydoesn’tfitthelock这把钥匙不合这把锁
(2)作形容词,表示“适合、健康”》常构成befitfor如Heisfitforthejob他适合这份工作Thewaterisfittodrink.这水适合喝
(3)作不及物动词,表示“吻合、合身”如Doesthecoatfit这件大衣合身吗?
(4)suit作适合,常强调颜色、款式等适合某人,而fit则强调大小合身如Thatcolordoesn’tsuityourcomplexion肤色这颜色不适合你的肤色
(5)match表示“在(品质、颜色、设计等方面)与……相配”如Carpetsshouldmatchthecurtains.地毯必须与窗帘区配[典例2]Theredtieyouboughtdoesn’t______mycoat.A.fitB.fitforC.suitD.match解析D近义词辨析题目fit作及物动词,表示大小合身;作不及物动词,强调“吻合”;作形容词,则须用befitfor;suit强调“款式合适”,只有match强调“与……匹配”故选D
3.关于costspendtake和pay1从意义上讲,都可表示“花钱”如“我花10元钱买衬衣”这一句话可有四种翻译Theshirtcostmetenyuan.Ispenttenyuanontheshirt.Ittookmetenyuantobuytheshirt.Ipaidtenyuanfortheshirt.2结构搭配上的不同
①spend的主语只能是人常用结构sb.+spends+time/moneyonsth./indoingsth.
②cost的主语只能是指事或物的名词、代词或名词性短语常用结构sth.+costs+sb.+time/money
③take的主语多为指物的名词常用结构It+takes+time/money+todosth.
④pay的主语是人,为买某物而付钱常用结构sb.+pays+money+forsth.[典例3]I_____thecoatinthesupermarketfor260yuan.A.costB.paidC.pentD.bought解析D近义词辨析题用cost则主谓搭配不当;用pay,则260yuan作宾语;用spend则与for260yuan搭配不当;应选用buy其用法和搭配均与句意吻合
4.关于hurtwoundinjure和harm1hurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦,强调疼痛感”如Manypeoplewerehurtwhenabusandatruckcollided.一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞,许多人受了伤
(2)wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤,特别是在战争中受伤”如Thesoldierwaswoundedinthearm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了
(3)injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”如Thereweretwopeopleinjuredinthecaraccident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤
(4)harm:表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失,其对象可以是自己,也可以是其他人或物”如Ourdogwon’tharmyou.我们的狗不会伤害你的Gettingupearlywon’tharmyou!早起对你没有坏处[典例4]Therewasanunexpectedexplosioninourstreetbutourbuildingwasn’t_____atall.A.hurtB.woundedC.harmedD.injured解析C近义词辨析题目hurt强调“精神或肉体上的疼痛”;wound强调“刀、枪伤”;harm强调“危害、损失”;injure强调“意外伤害”名意为我们住的街道发生了一次意外的爆炸事故,但我们的大楼却丝毫没有受损故用harmed合句意重点1两种常错常考的可作谓语的动词
1.几组拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词hanghangedhanged绞死laylaidlaid放置hanghunghung悬挂lieliedlied说慌lielaylain平卧findfoundfound发现fallfellfallen跌倒foundfoundedfounded建立fellfelledfelled砍伐、击倒failfailedfailed(失败)[典例1]Thecarpetwherehe_____waswarmandcomfortablesohesleptsoundly.A.waslayingB.waslyingC.hadlaidD.了hadlied解析B易混淆词辨析题动词lay表示“搁置、放”时,现在分词为laying过去分词为laid;而lie作“躺”讲时,现在分词为lying过去分词为lain,如其过去分词为lied则含义为“撒谎”此处为“躺的地方”,故用waslying
2.实为及物动词却常被误为不及物动词enter误为enterintomarry误为marrywithreach误为reachtomention误为mentionaboutserve误为serveforaddress误为addresstoapproach误为approachwithsalute误为salutetofit误为fitforbenefit误为benefitto[典例2]She____Johntogetawayfromherstep-mother.A.marriedB.marriedwithC.marriedtoD.wasmarried解析A此句中的marry表示“嫁给”,为及物动词,可直接带宾语重点2五种基本句型中的动词使用简单句的五种基本句型,通常与及物动词、不及物动词和系动词密不可分
1.主语+不及物动词理解不及物动词在此句型中的常用法
(1)一般表达型此类不及物动词常可与表示距离、持续时间、重量、价值等的副词修饰语连用如BoycanyougoanyfartherBoycanyougoanyfarther伙计,你还走得动吗?Thesmokefromourfirerosestraightupinthestillair.我们生的火冒出的烟在无风的空气中袅袅上升
(2)主动形式表示被动含义型此类常见的动词或短语有readsellwashwriteopendrawwearhappentakeplacebreakoutlastgooutrunoutcostspread等如Theticketstotheplaysoldwell那台戏的戏票很畅销Theaccidenthappenedoutsidemyhouse.这个事故发生在我家房子的外面[典例1]Foodanddrinkare_____butthemenarestillcheerfulandconfident.A.runningoutB.goingoutC.spreadingD.happening解析A不及物动词的考查动词runout表示“被用完”;goout表示“出去,熄灭”;spread表示“传播”;happen表示“发生”根据句意食物和饮料快用光了,但这些人仍旧很愉快和自信
2.主语+及物动词+宾语理解及物动词在此句型中带宾语的用法1及物动词+名词或代词作宾语如Heraisedhisarmsabovehishead.他把手臂举过头顶Willyoubespendingyourholidayabroadthisyear你今年准备到国外去度假吗?2及物动词+动名词作宾语此类及物动词或动词短语有avoidmindmisssuggestfinishpracticeimagineenjoydelayescapefeellikeputoffinsistongiveupcan’thelpstickto等如Isuggestedtakingawalk.我建议去散步Youmustnotgiveupstudying.你不该放弃学习3及物动词+不定式作宾语此类及物动词有affordagreeaskexpecthopewantwishmanagepretenddecidedeterminelearnofferplanrefuse等如Ihopetogotocollege.我希望上大学Thefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.公司无法支付如此巨额的工资
(4)既可接动名词又可接动词不定式的动词(见非谓语动词专题之热点)
3.主语+系动词+表格系动词在此句型中的用法bebecomecomegetsmelltastefeelsoundremainstayappeargoturnfallrunkeep等
(1)系动词+形容词作表语如Thatargumentsoundsreasonable那个观点听起来有道理
(2)系动词+名词作表语如Laterhebecameanacrobat.他后来成为一名杂技演员
(3)系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词作表语如Heisnear他在附近[典例2]Thecookingchickeninthepot______verygood.A.smellsB.feelsC.soundsD.tastes解析A系动词考查题根据Thecookingchicken正在煮的的鸡肉,推断出“闻起来很香”,故用smell其它feel感觉起来;sound听起来;taste尝起来,均不合题意
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
(1)用to变换间接宾语的动词bringgivehandoffershowteachthrowpasspaysendsellreturntellallowlend等如Couldyoubringmethebook或Couldyoubringthebooktome请你把那本书带给我好吗?
(2)用for变换间接宾语的动词makebuychoosecookfindgetorderpaintsingsparefetch等如Heboughtmeabottleofink.或Heboughtabottleofinkforme.他为我买了一瓶墨水
(3)用for和to或其它介词变换间接宾语的动词doleaveplay等如Willyoudomeafavor或Willyoudoafavorforme你能帮我忙吗?[典例3]Smokingwill______harmtoyou.Pleasegetridofit.A.doB.giveC.makeD.find解析A接双宾语的动词考查题此句的harm为直接宾语,toyou为间接宾语句意为吸烟对你有害,请戒掉烟吧从搭配而言,常说dosb.harm或doharmtosb故选A
5.主语+及物动语+宾语+宾补
(1)接名词作宾补的动词findthinkelectnamecallappointconsidermakeleave等如TheyusuallycallthebabyDick他们经常把婴儿的名字称为迪克
(2)接形容词作宾补的动词keepgetlaydrinkpushpaintsetturndriveletcallcutbreakopenhold等如Shewillmakehimhappy.她将使他幸福Pleasecutthestickshort.请把这根棍子砍短点
(3)接副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词leaveputseenoticewatchobserve等如Heleftmewaitingintherain.他让我在雨中等[典例4]Ifound_____impossible______him_____hismind.A.thistomake;changeB.it;tomake;tochangeC.this;tomake;tochangeD.it;tomake;change解析D及物动词及宾语补足语考查题根据句子结构分析法可以判断第一空为形式宾语it,第二空为真正的动词不定式作宾语,第三空为使役动词make后省去to的宾补change故选D难点动词词组的使用与辨析动词词组的使用和辨析是动词考点中的重点也是难点,考查形式涉及多项选择题中的语法和和词汇知识题、多项选择式完形填空题、短文改错题多种题型[典例1]Kathy_____alotofSpanishbyplayingwiththenativeboysandgirls.A.pickedupB.tookupC.madeupD.turnedup解析A动词词组辨析题pickup获得,学到,捡起,使恢复精神;takeup开始从事,吸收;makeup弥补,虚构;turnup找到,出现根据句意凯西通过与当地孩子们玩耍而学到了不少西班牙语故选A[典例2]Helenalwayshelpshermothereventhoughgoingtoschool______mostofherday.2004·广东卷A.takesupB.makesupC.savesupD.putsup解析A考查动词词组的辨析海伦总是帮助她的母亲,即使上学占用了她一天中的大部分时间四个短语的意思分别为takeup占据,填满;makeup形成,构成或组成某物;saveup储存,储蓄;putup张贴(海报、通告等),提出(意见)供讨论根据句意判断takeup合题意[典例3]Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandreadbutplease_____thebookswhenyou’vefinishedthem.2004·全国卷ⅠA.putonB.putdownC.putbackD.putoff解析C考查动词词组的辨析此句句意为你可以从书架上随便拿书去读,但是读完以后请把书放回原处puton穿上,伪装;putdown写下,平定;putoff推迟,搪寒;只有putback放回原处合句意[典例4]Hismotherhadthoughtiswouldbegoodforhischaracterto_____fromhomeandearnsomemoneyonhisown.2002·北京卷A.runawayBtakeawayC.keepawayD.getaway解析D考查动词词组的辨析四个选项都符合语法要求,再看本句句意他母亲原本认为他离开家自己赚钱对锻炼他的性格有好处getawayfromhome的意思正是“离开家”小试牛刀
1.Everyminuteshould_______toworkforthemotherland.A.makeuseofB.bemadeofC.bemadeuseofD.makeof
2.ThefirstcolorTVsetwasconsideredbymostpeople________thiscentury.A.havingbeeninventeditB.oneofwhominventedC.whohadinventeditD.tohavebeeninvented
3.Infaceoffailureforthemomentit’sthemostimportantto_____agoodstateofmind.A.keeponB.keepatC.keepupD.keepout
4.Afterthefiveverylittleofthehouse_______standing.A.remainedB.keptC.restedD.left
5.Wedidn’tplanourartexhibitionlikethatbutit_______verywell.A.workedoutB.triedoutC.wentD.carriedon
6.Alice______carefulwithyourpronunciation.A.isB.dobeB.doesbeD.do
7.TheteacherasksthestudentstotalkinEnglishoutofclassjustasthey______inclass.A.areB.wereC.doD.did
8.InawayIcanseewhatyoumeaneventhoughIdon’t______yourpointofview.A.permitB.shareC.agreeD.recognize
9.They______usbytwotooneinthegameyesterday.A.beatB.defeatC.gainedD.won
10.—Thisdoesn’t______me.Doyouhavealargerone—Sorrybutthecolorisdifferent.Doesit______youA.fit;suitB.suit;fitC.fit;fitD.suit;suit
11.Itwastheman______onthebedwithhiseyesopenwho_____thebookopenonthedeskjustnow.A.lain;layB.lying;laidC.lay;layD.lying;lied
12.Peopleinthewest______itaruletobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirrelativesandfriends.A.makeB.haveC.doD.change
13.Moreandmorepeoplearewillingto______partoftheirincomestotheschoolchildreninthepovertyareas.A.giveinB.giveawayC.giveoutD.giveup
14.Theirwatersupplyhasbeen_______becauseoftheearthquake.A.cutoutB.cutoffC.cutdownD.cutaway
15.He_______thebookanddecidedthathewouldn’tbuyit.A.lookedintoB.lookedonC.lookedafterD.lookedthrough[答案与解析]
1.C考查make词组搭配题根据句意为祖国工作,应当充分利用分分秒秒应考虑表示“利用”的makeuseof与表示“时间”的everyminute之间存在动宾关系,因此,makeuseof须用被动形式故选C
2.D动词consider的非谓语考查形式符合“consider+宾语+宾补”结构,根据句意判断此句的宾补在consider之前已经发生,故用不定式的完成式
3.Ckeep词组考查题keepon继续,保持;keepat坚持做,不放弃;keepup保持(良好状态),坚持;keepout关在门外,不准入内只有C项合题意4A涉及keep的用法题由于standing表示静止状态,故不可用keptstanding又restedleft与standing在搭配和含义上有错误,故选remainedstanding相当于过去进行时
5.Cgo进展,进行;workout结果是;tryout考验,提炼;carryon继续开展;it指代ourartexhibitionbut的转折语气说明它进展得很好,C项合句意
6.Bdo表示强调用在祈使句中,置于becareful之前,可理解为“务必”
7.C考查替代词do的用法主句的谓语动词为asks从句的替代词应为do
8.B考查近义词辨析share为及物动词表“分享”,可带宾语yourpointofview而agree为不及物动词,不可带宾语其它两项意思不符题意
9.A近义词的辨析题强调以“bytwotoone”的结果“击败对手”故用beat
10.A近义词辨析题fit作及物动词,常跟人,表示大小适合某人;作不及物动词,强调“吻合”;作形容词,则须用befitfor结构搭配;suit强调“款式合适”根据句意,选A
11.B易混词考查根据句子结构分析可知,这是一个强调句强调作主语的theman其后的lyingonthebedwithhiseyesopen在句中作定语修饰theman.
12.A考查接宾语和宾补的动词根据句子结构分析此处的it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为动词不定式短语tobuyChristmaspresentsfortheirrelativesandfriends常用下列句式动词+it+n/adj.(宾补)+(forsb.)+不定式(真正的宾语)13B考查动词词组的辨析giveaway赠送,分送;givein屈服,投降;giveout用完,用尽;giveup放弃14B考查动词词组的辨析cutoff被迫切断,断绝,合句意而cutout主动切掉;cutdown砍倒;cutaway切掉/离,均为干扰项15D考查动词词组的辨析lookthrough浏览;lookinto调查;lookon旁观;lookafter照顾高考真题练习(09浙江)1.Thegoodthingaboutchildrenisthatthey_______veryeasilytonewenvironments.A.adaptB.appealC.attachD.apply(09安徽
2.JustasProfessorScottioftenitsuccessisninety-ninepercentmentalattitude.A.getsB.makesC.putsD.means(09安徽)
3.Wetriedtofindatableforseven,huttheywereall.A.givenawayB.keptawayC.takenupD.usedup(09福建)
4.Weareatyourservice.Don’ttoturntousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.A.begB.hesitateC.desireD.seek(09湖北)
5.Wouldyouplease______thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakesA.lookaroundB.lookintoC.lookupD.lookthrough(09湖北)
6.Duringthewartherewasaseriouslackoffood.Itwasnotunusualthateventhewealthyfamilieshadto______breadfordays.A.eatupB.giveawayC.dowithoutD.dealwith(09湖北)
7.Thelosshasnotyetbeen______accuratelybutitisbelievedtobewellbeyondahundredmilliondollars.A.calculatedB.consideredC.completedD.controlled(09湖北)
8.Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywantto______theirkidsfromeverykindofdangerrealorimagined.A.spotB.dismissC.shelterD.distinguish(09江西)
9.Itisreportedthatthepolicewillsoon____thecaseoftwomissingchildren.A.lookuponB.lookafterC.lookintoD.lookout(09海南)
10.ItriedphoningherofficebutIcouldn’t__________.A.getalongB.getonC.gettoD.getthrough(09山东)
11.-------Doyouhaveenoughto________allyourdailyexpenses--------Ohyesenoughandtospare.A.coverB.spendC.fillD.offer(09海南)
12.Encourageyourchildrentotrynewthingsbuttrynottothemtoohard.A.drawB.strikeC.rushD.push(09山东)13Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidn’tseemto_______sosheleft.A.showB.goupC.fitinD.comeover(09陕西)
14.A.noticewasinordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.A.sentupB.givenupC.setupD.putup(09上海)
15.TheGreatWallis____touristattractionthatmillionsofpeoplepourineveryyear.A.soawell-knownB.asowell-knownC.suchwell-knownD.suchawell-known(09四川)
16.—Haveyou__________—No.Ihadthewrongnumber.A.gotinB.gotawayC.gotoffD.gotthrough(09四川)
17.—HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcar_________twiceontheway.A.sloweddownB.brokedownC.gotdownD.putdown(09天津)
18.----SorryIhaveto______now.It’stimeforclass.----OKI’llcallbacklater.A.hangupB.breakupC.giveupD.holdup(09天津)
19.Don’tworryifyoudon’tunderstandeverythingtheteacherwill______themainpointsattheend.A.recoverB.reviewC.requireD.remember(09浙江)20.PractisigChinesekungfucannotonly________one’sstrengthbutalsodevelopone’scharacter.A.bringupB.takeupC.buildupD.pullup(09全国2)21Ifyouleavetheclubyouwillnotbebackin.A.receivedB.admittedC.turnedD.moved(09江苏)
22.----ImsurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhave__ .----SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.A.brokenup B.finishedup C.dividedup D.closedup(08全国I卷)
23.Theperformance______nearlythreehoursbutfewpeopleleftthetheatreearly.A.coveredB.reachedC.playedD.lasted(08安徽卷)
24.-----Areyouhappywithyournewcomputer-----Noitis_______mealotoftrouble.A.showingB.leavingC.givingD.sparing(08江苏卷
25.—I’mstillworkingonmyproject.—Ohyou’llmissthedeadline.Timeis______.A.runningoutB.goingoutC.givingoutD.losingout(08山东卷)
26.Thefactthatsheneverapologized______alotaboutwhatkindofpersonsheis.A.saysB.talksC.appearsD.declares(08山东卷)
27.EinsteinlikedBose’spapersomuchthathe______hisownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.A.gaveoffB.turneddownC.tookoverD.setaside(08江西卷)
28.I_____itasabasicprincipleofthecompanythatsuppliersofrawmaterialsshouldbegivenafairpricefortheirproducts.A.makeB.lookC.takeD.think(08辽宁卷)
29.Youhavetobeafairlygoodspeakerto______listeners’interestforoveranhour.A.holdB.makeC.improveD.receive08全国II
30.–WhatareyoureadingTom--I’mnotreallyreadingjust___thepages.A.turningoffB.turningaroundC.turningoverD.turningup08全国II
31.LittleJohnnyfeltthebagcurioustoknowwhatit____.A.collectedB.containedC.loadedD.saved(08陕西卷)
32.It’sgoingtorain.XiaoFengWillyoupleasehelpme_________theclothesonthelineA.getoffB.getbackC.getinD.geton08四川卷
33.Althoughthis______soundlikeasimpletaskgreatcareisneeded.A.lookoutB.stayupC.carryonD.getalong(08浙江卷)
34.AmericanIndian______aboutfivepercentoftheU.S.population.A.fillupB.bringupC.makeupD.setup(08湖北卷)
35.ThoughhavinglivedabroadforyearsmanyChinesestill______thetraditionalcustoms.A.performB.possessC.observeD.support(08湖北卷)
36.Asnobodyhereknowswhatiswrongwiththemachinewemustsendforanengineerto______theproblem.A.handleB.raiseC.faceD.present(08湖北卷)
37.Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnot______anyimportantdetailswhileretellingthestory.A.bringoutB.letoutC.leaveoutD.makeout(08湖北卷)
38.Inmoderntimespeoplehavetolearnto______allkindsofpressurealthoughtheyareleadingacomfortablelife.A.keepwithB.staywithC.meetwithD.livewith(08湖北卷)
39.ThepresentsituationisverycomplexsoIthinkitwilltakemesometimeto______itsreality.A.makeupB.figureoutC.lookthroughD.putoff(08天津卷)
40.Themealoverthemanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomto______theirdiscussion.A.putawayB.takedownC.lookoverD.carryon(08天津卷)
41.Hershoes______herdress;theylookverywelltogether.A.suitB.fitC.compareD.match
42.Whydon’tyoujust____yourownbusinessandleavemealone[2007全国卷II]A.makeB.openC.considerD.mind
43.Atminus130℃alivingcellcanbe______forathousandyears.[2007上海卷]A.sparedB.protectedC.preservedD.developed
44.Inthisseasideresortyoucan________allthecomfortandconvenienceofmoderntourism.[2007山东卷]A.enjoyB.applyC.receiveD.achieve
45.Emergencylineoperatorsmustalwayscalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.[2007湖北卷]A.growB.appearC.becomeD.stay
46.Surelyitdoesn’tmatterwherethestudentassociationsgettheirmoneyfrom;whatiswhattheydowithit.[2007湖北卷]A.countsB.appliesC.stressesD.functions
47.Don’ttaketoomuchofthemedicine;itdoesyoumoreharmthangoodifyou.[2007江西卷]A.doB.takeC.likeD.have
48.Mum________tous,“Bequiet!Yourlittlesister’ssleeping.”[2007四川卷]A.whisperedB.shoutedC.explainedD.replied
49.Ifyourracecarisn’tinsuredyoumaylosingeverythingwhenithitssomethingsolid.[2007上海春]A.delayB.denyC.avoidD.risk
50.—Look!He’srunningsofast!—Hardto_______hislegswereoncebroken.[2007浙江卷]A.knowB.imagineC.realizeD.find
51.Lucyhas______allofthegoalsshesetforherselfinhighschoolandisreadyfornewchallengesatuniversity.[2007天津卷]A.acquiredB.finishedC.concludedD.achieved1-5ACCBD6-10CACCD11-15ADCDD16-20DBABC21-25BADCA26-30ADCAC31-35BDDCC36-40ACDBD41-45DDCAD46-50AAADB
51.D自我检测
1.Theteacherhasapeculiarwayof______herstudent’snervousnesswhenthenspeakEnglish.A.breakingdownB.goingoverC.takingoffD.givingaway
2.Inthecross-lakeswimmingraceaboatwillbe____incaseofanemergency.A.standingbyB.turningonC.gettingonD.runningon
3.You_____onlyhalfthepricehowwouldthesellersellthejackettoyouA.spentB.paidC.chargedD.offered
4.He_____theproblem_____inhismindforawholeweekbeforehedidanythingaboutit.A.switched;onB.kicked;upC.turned;overD.took;on
5.Attimesthebalanceinnatureis______resultinginanumberofpossiblyunforeseeneffects.A.troubledB.confusedC.disturbedD.puzzled
6.—Sohowisyournewroommate—Shereally____.ShealwaysmakingloudnoisesatmidnightandwhenIremindhershealwaysmakesruderemarks.A.turnsmeoverB.turnsmedownC.turnsmeoffD.turnsmeout
7.Peoplehaveplantedagreatmanytreesinorderto____windandsandinthedesert.A.holddownB.holdupC.holdbackD.holdout
8.—WouldyouliketogotoPariswithusnextyear—I’dliketobutmymother______thatIamtooyoung.A.isagainstB.opposesC.objectsD.explains
9.There’snobearleftandthepubsareshutsoyou’llhaveto_______.A.gooutB.gooffC.gowithoutD.gothrough
10.Thefilm“Worldwithoutthieves”______agreatsuccessandbroughtinalargeprofittothecinema.A.appreciatedB.enjoyedC.wonD.seized
11.DresseduntidilyandspeakinginastrangewayFathermusthave______tothepeoplepresenttobeasillyoldman.A.appearedB.pretendedC.shownD.thought
12.ThomasAlvaEdisondidn’t“invent”thelightbulb灯泡butratherhe______a50–year–oldideawhichisnotwell–known.A.improveduponB.takedownC.putupD.breakaway
13.You’dbetter______somehotwaterintothebottleincasetheteacoolsdown.A.addB.fillC.fillinD.put
14.AfterretirementMr.Smith______paintingwhichhehadalwayslovedbuthadnothadtimefor.A.tookupB.gotupC.helpupD.lookedup
15.Shetriedhardtokeepcalminfaceofthestudentsbutthesweatonherforehead_____her____.A.gave;awayB.tuned;downC.showed;outD.shut;off答案与解析
1、A句意这位老师有一种疏导学生在说英语时产生的紧张情绪的独特方法Breakdown:toseparatesomethingsuchasanideaorstatementintosmallerpartsinordertomakeiteasiertounderstandordealwith.goover复习;takeoff脱下,起飞;giveaway分发,赠给,泄露(秘密)
2、A句意有船只严阵以待,预防紧急情况standby为不及物短语towaitandbereadyforactionifneeded准备行动;待机;turnon打开;geton进展;rundown撞倒根据句意,B、C、D三项均不符合
3、D句意你仅出半价,店员怎么会把这件夹克卖给你呢?offer:tosaythatyouwillpayaparticularamountofmoneytobuysomething出价六万英镑买这所房子 Charge收费不符合题意抚讲价(offer)而后才能药费(spend)或支付(pay)帮A、B两项不合常理
4、C句意在采取措施之前,他在脑中将这个问题反复思考了一个星期turnover:tothinkaboutcarefully仔细考虑;switchon把开关打开;kickup引起;takeon呈现、雇用、承担
5、Ctrouble主要指遇上难解决的问题而使人苦恼、忧虑;puzzled指人是困惑的,因此将A、D两项排除;根据句意,自然的平衡本身并不是混乱的(confused)而不受到了人为的干扰(disturbed)才会导致不可预见的影响因此选择C项
6、Cturnsb.over:把……移交,把……交给;turnsb.down:拒绝;turnsb.off:使对(某人)感到厌烦、使不感兴趣;turnsb.out:驱逐,赶走根据句意“她总是在午夜弄出很大的响声,我提醒她时,她还总是说些粗鲁的话”,由此可知她是使我烦透了,选择C项
7、Cholddown压制,限制;holdup推迟,耽搁;holdback阻挡,抑制;holdout提供,提出句意人们种了大量的树,为了阴挡风和沙尘由此可知答案为C项
8、C前三项意思相同,都可以表示“反对(做)、某事”beagainstdoingsth.:opposedoingsth.;objecttodoingsth.但是objiet还可接宾语从句,这时它为及物动词,意思为“提出异议”前一句邀请对方一起去Paris,答话人说他很愿意去,但是妈妈提出异议说他年龄太小D项explain虽然也可执着that从句,但是它的含义为“解释”不能明确地说明妈妈的态度是赞成还是反对
9、Cgoout外出,熄灭;gooff爆炸,中断;gothrough通过,完成,经历;gowithout忍受某事物的缺乏句意啤酒卖完了,酒吧也都关门了,所以你只好将就一下了
10、B易误选C,win指赢得了比赛、奖励、胜利等,不可以与agreatsuccess连用Enjoy享有,如Heenjoysareputationforhonesty. 本题中的enjoyagreatsuccess意为winlargesales句意《天下无贼》一举成功,同时也给电影院带来了巨大的盈利
11、A句意父亲衣冠不整,谈吐怪异,在在场者眼中,父亲想必显得是一个傻老人的形象解题的关键在于是否能将tothepeoplepresentpresent“在场的”,作后置定语修饰thepeople准确地分离出来
12、A句意鲜为人知是的,爱迪生并没有发明灯炮,而是在其50年前的发明上改进了电灯泡(把灯丝寿命延长到
13.5小时)Improveon/upon超过,改进;takedown把……拆卸开;putup张贴,搭建;breakaway摆脱
13、D句意你最好往瓶子里倒些热水,以免茶变凉比较下列句子You’dbetterputsomehotwaterintothebottle.You’dbetteraddsomehotwatertothecoldwater.You’dbetterfillthebottlewithsomehotwater.
14、A句意退休后,史密斯先生开始绘画了,这是他从前喜爱,却又没有时间做的事情takeup:begintospendtimedoing开始花时间从事(某项活动);getup起床,起立;holdup推迟;lookup查找、改善
15、A句意她努力地试图在学生面前保持镇定,但是她前额的汗水使她露了马脚Giveaway:reveal露出了马脚;turnsb.down拒绝;showsb.out带某人出去;shutsb.off使隔绝。