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2011中考英语考前错题本(A字母篇)A a [误]IthinkitisanusefulEnglishdictionary. [正]IthinkitisausefulEnglishdictionary. [析]在不定冠词a与an的用法中要注意的一点是an用在以元音开头的词之前;而a则用在以辅音开头的词之前要特别注意的是以u字母打头的单词,如usefuluniversity等,其第一个音标是[j],所以要特别予以注意 [误]Ineedahourtofinishthisletter. [正]Ineedanhourtofinishthisletter. [析]要注意hour和honest的第一个字母不发音 [误]Myteacherisaunknownmanbutheisaverygoodman. [正]Myteacherisanunknownmanbutheisaverygoodman. [析]要注意以u打头的单词,它的发音为[]时,单数名词前要用an,如uncle等 [误]Thereisafinthewordfootball. [正]Thereisanfinthewordfootball. [析]英文字母单独使用时,如其第一个发音是元音时,其前面的不定冠词应该用an而不是a. [误]Ihavealittlebrother.Heisa8yearoldboy. [正]Ihavealittlebrother.Heisan8yearoldboy. [析]要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音,如eighteleven等 able [误]Thisbikeisabletoberepaired. [正]Thisbikecanberepaired. [析]beableto主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事,应译为有本领、有能力、可以作某事,如Imabletoswimacrossthisriver.而can可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力如Thisradiocanberepairedhere. about [误]Thisclassisabouttobeginjustnow. [正]Thisclassisabouttobegin. [析]要注意beaboutto是将要的意思,含有将来时之意,不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用另外,beaboutto一般用作书面语,对应的口语是begoingto. abouton about与on都可以作关于讲,但却有所不同,例如Thisbookisaboutphysics.应译为这是一本关于物理学的科普读物而Thisbookisonphysics.则应译为这是一本物理学方面的专著 above [误]Thetemperatureisfivedegreesoverzero. [正]Thetemperatureisfivedegreesabovezero. [析]表达在……上方时,above与over是可以互换的,如Theskyisaboveoroverourheads.但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用above不可用over,如Thesunhasrisenabovethehorizon. [误]ThereisoftenthickcloudabovetheSouthofChinainsummer. [正]ThereisoftenthickcloudovertheSouthofChinainsummer. [析]当表达覆盖之意时,只可用over而不能用above. [误]Thereisabridgeabovetheriver. [正]Thereisabridgeovertheriver. [析]用来表达从……上方越过时不能用above只能用over,如Theplaneflewoverthecity.但要注意Thereiswaterfallabovethebridge.则应译为在桥的上游有一个瀑布 across [误]Heranacrossthewood. [正]Heranthroughthewood. [析]across是指某一动作在一平面内进行,而through则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程如Themancameinthroughthewindow.Hewalkedacrossthesquare. across across的主要用法有两个其一,意为对面,如Thereisaschooljustacrossthestreet.其二,意为横过,如Hewalkedacrossthestreet. afraid [误]Idonttafraidofhim. [正]Iamnotafraidofhim. [析]要注意害怕afraid一词在英语中不是动词,而是形容词,要与be动词连用 after [误]Twoweeksafterheleft. [正]Twoweekslaterheleft. [正]Heleftaftertwoweeks. [析]要表达在多少时间之后,英语中有两种表达法,即用later时,要时间在前,如threehourslater;而用after时要时间在后,如afterthreehours. [误]Myfatherwillbebackafterafewhours. [正]Myfatherwillbebackinafewhours. [析]受中文的影响,这个介词常常被误用当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时,一定要用in,而不能用after,因为after是指在某一时间之后例如Thisworkwillbedoneintwodays.即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完而如用了after,即表示在两天之后,完成的时间是不确定的 afterbehind after多用于表示顺序的前后,如ShewalkedinthelineafterTom.或用来表示追赶,表示一种动态,如HeranafterMary.而behind多用于强调先进与落后,如Sheismuchbehindtheothergirlsinsewing.或者用于表达迟于,如Thetrainwastenminutesbehindthetimetable.或者与表示静态的动词连用,如Shehidherselfbehindtheflowers. afternoon [误]Heworkedveryhardinahotafternoon. [正]Heworkedveryhardonahotafternoon. [析]习惯用的词组intheafternoon如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词in都要改为on,不论其修饰词在前还是在后,如HeswaminthisriverontheafternoonofJunelst.又如AreyoufreeonSundayafternoon against [误]Heagainstme. [正]Heisagainstme. [析]要注意against意为反对,但它在英文中却不是动词,而是介词,如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词be如Heisagainstsomebody/something. againstfor against意为反对、不赞成;而for则意为同意,为其反意词如Areyoufororagainsttheplan age [误]Heistwentyyearsoldofage. [正]Heistwenty. [正]Heistwentyyearsold. [正]Heisattheageoftwenty. ago [误]Tomsfatherhasbeendeadfiveyearsago. [正]Tomsfatherdiedfiveyearsago. [析]ago意为由说话时算起,若干时间以前它只能和一般动词过去时连用,而不要与完成时连用 [误]YesterdayImetafriend.Wedidntseeeachotherforalongtimesinceweleftthecollegetwentyyearsago. [正]YesterdayImetafriend.Wehadntseeneachotherforalongtimesinceweleftthecollegetwentyyearsago. [析]要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的从句之中,只是从句应用过去时,但不影响主句的时态 agree [误]Doestheteacheragreetous [正]Doestheteacheragreewithus [误]Doesheagreewithourplan [正]Doesheagreewithus [析]agreewith指同意某人的提议、建议、计划等如果要讲同意某项计划则要用agreeto如Doyouagreetotheplan all [误]Theoldmanhastwosons.Allofthemareworkers. [正]Theoldmanhastwosons.Bothofthemareworkers. [析]all是指三者或以上的全部,而both则是指两者都 [误]Theallchildrenareplayingfootballnow. [正]Allthechildrenareplayingfootballnow. [析]all作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前,不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词,或代词的所有格 [误]Youallareright. [正]Youareallright. [析]all作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后,实意动词之前,如Theteachersallworkhard.或用于第一助动词之后,如Theboyshaveallbeenwaitingfortheirmothers. almost [误]Nearlynobodythinksheisright. [正]Almostnobodythinksheisright. [析]nearly与almost是近意词,其含意差别不大,但是与否定词连用时要用almost例如Shebroughtalmostnomoneywithher.此句中的almost不能用nearly替换 alone [误]Theoldmanlivedlonebuthedidntfeellonely. [正]Theoldmanlivedalonebuthedidntfeellonely. [析]alonelonelonely三个词全具有孤单、孤独之意但其用法不同lone可以作定语,而alone则只能作表语,lonely则多指感情上与感觉上的孤独 already [误]Wearealreadyforthework. [正]Weareallreadyforthework. [析]already是副词,其意为已经,如Healreadyknewaboutit.而allready为形容词意为准备好 alreadyyet already多用于肯定句中,例如Thestudentshavealreadyfinishedthework.而yet则多用于疑问句与否定句中,如HaveyoufinishedityetIhaventfinishedityet. also [误]Ididntfindthedictionaryalso. [正]Ididntfindthedictionaryeither. [析]作为也讲,在否定句中要用either而不能用also. alsotoo also与too都可用在肯定句中表示也,但also通常用于be动词或情态动词之后,如Icanalsodoitmyself.而too一般放于句尾Illattendhisclasstoo. always [误]Alwaysheaskedhimselfwhyhehadcomehere. [正]Healwaysaskedhimselfwhyhehadcomehere. [析]always一般不能用于句首,它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后,如Ivealwaysthoughtheishonest.又如Heisalwayslate. among [误]Ifthethreeapplesaredividedamongthetwoboyshowmuchwilleachreceive [正]Ifthethreeapplesaredividedamongthethreeboyshowmuchwilleachreceive [析]among常用于三个事物或人物之间,而between则多用于两者之间 an [误]Thisisanusefuldictionary. [正]Thisisausefuldictionary. [析]详见a条 and [误]Hedidnotspeakloudlyandclearly. [正]Hedidnotspeakloudlynorclearly. [误]OurschoolisnotinNewYorkandChicagobutinBoston. [正]OurschoolisnotinNewYorkorChicagobutinBoston. [析]和这一概念在肯定句中应用and,但在否定句中则要用or angry [误]Mymotherwasangrytome. [正]Mymotherwasangrywithme. [误]HewasangrywithwhatIsaid. [正]HewasangryatwhatIsaid. [析]要注意beangry后面如果接人,表示对某人生气不满时应用beangrywithsomebody.但要接事物时要用beangryatsomething. another [误]IhavetwosistersoneinAmericaandanotherinEnglish. [正]IhavetwosistersoneinAmericaandtheotherinEnglish. [析]要注意英语中anotherothertheothertheothersothers的不同用法,现分别说明如下another作形容词其意为泛指的另一个或再一个,别的,类似的一般在句中作定语,如:Thisisnotgoodenoughpleaseshowmeanotherone.another还可以作为代词用,如Onestudentsaid Iwanttoplaybaskball.anothersaid Iwanttoplayfootball.other作形容词其意为泛指其余的,别的如Ihaveotherbooksbesidesthese.又如Asksomeotherpeopleplease.theother则为特指,作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词,如Shehastwoflowers.Oneiswhitetheotheroneisyellow.特指,单数又如Therearefiftystudentsinourclasstwentyfiveareboystheotherstudentsaregirls.特指,复数但当theother作为代词时,它代表的可以是单数,也可以是复数,如Hehasabookinonehandandapenintheother.单数又如Therearesomepeopleintheroom.Fouraregirlstheother复数areboys.要注意的是当theother作主语时,其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定,它可能是单数,也可能是复数others则只能作代词,其意为otherones即为泛指某些,某一部分人或物,如Eachofusmustthinkofothers.而theothers只能作为代词,它是特指某一些人或物,如Iknowonlyoneortwoofthestudents;theothersareunknowntome. answer [误]Someoneisknockingatthedoor.Pleasereplythedoorbell. [正]SomeoneisknockingatthedoorPleaseanswerthedoorbell. [析]answer与reply是近意词,作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的,如Thestudentanswered/repliedthathewantedtowatchTV.但在某些特定场合则不易互换作为应答之意时则多用answer,如Youshouldanswertoyourname.Pleaseanswermyletterassoonaspossible.AnswermyquestioninEnglish. any [误]Doyouhavesomequestions [正]Doyouhaveanyquestions [析]some一般要用于肯定句,而any则用于否定句或疑问句 [误]ChinaislargerthananyothercountriesinAsia. [正]ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia. [析]要注意anyother其后要跟单数名词,但anyoftheother其后要接复数名词ChinaislargerthananyoftheothercountriesinAsia. [误]Herearesomebooks;youcanchooseanyoneofthese. [正]Herearesomebooks;youcanchooseanyoneofthese. [析]anyone只能指人,而anyone即可指人也可以指物 around [误]Thenineplanetsgoaroundofthesun. [正]Thenineplanetsgoaroundthesun. [析]around后面不要再加介词,如Thesunshinesallaroundus. aroundround 作介词用的around与round通常可以互换,只不过美语常用around,而英语常用round,例如Youcanseethepostofficeround/aroundthatcorner.绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局但是一定要区别它们的不同之处round可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词;而around只能用作副词或介词例如Thepostofficeisjustroundaroundthehouse用作介词.Hehasroundface用作形容词.Theriverroundedthestones.用作动词 arrive [误]IarrivedBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday. [正]IarrivedinBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday. [正]IreachedBeijingthedaybeforeyesterday. [误]Hearrivedintheschoolat11∶
00. [正]Hearrivedattheschoolat11∶
00. [析]arrive为不及物动词,当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词in,而到达较小的地方时则用at如arriveinNewYorkarriveatthevillage. arrivereachget arrive如上所述是不及物动词,而reach则是及物动词如Howdidyoureachtheschoolthismorning而get可用作不及物动词,作到达讲时其后面多与to连用如WhendidyougettoNewYork as [误]Thismanworksinthebankforamanager. [正]Thismanworksinthebankasamanager. [析]as与for有时是可以通用的如Thisroomisusedasforaclassroom.但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用as. [误]MybrotherissotallerasTom. [正]MybrotherisastallasTom. [析]as…as之间只能用形容词与副词的原级,而不能用比较级在否定句中可以用so…as,也可以用as…as,但在肯定句中只能用as…as,如HeisnotsotallasTom. [误]Illgivehimthenoteassoonashewillcome. [正]Illgivehimthenoteassoonashecomes. [析]assoonas所引导的状语从句中应使用一般时态表示将来 ask [误]Thestudentaskedaquestiontotheteacher. [正]Thestudentaskedtheteacheraquestion. [析]ask应接双宾语,即asksomebodysomething. [误]Theyaskedsomebooks. [正]Theyaskedforsomebooks. [析]向某人要求某物时应用asksomebodyforsomething或askforsomethingfromsomebody如Heaskedhismotherforsomemoney.或Heaskedforsomemoneyfromhismother. asleep [误]Heisdeeplyasleep. [正]Heisfastasleep. [析]要讲熟睡,就要用fast来修饰asleep另外,在英语中一般不讲somebodyissleeping而要用asleep关于睡觉这一词的惯用法还有gotosleep如Theoldmanusuallygoestosleepatten.,fallasleep如IfellasleepatEnglishclassyesterday. at [误]Itwillreallydoyounoharmquite. [正]Itwillreallydoyounoharmatall. [析]atall和quite的汉语意思均为全然、确定的,但atall适用于否定句,例如-Imsorry.Imlate. -Notroubleatall. 又如Idontthinkitisrightatall.而quite则适用于肯定句,例如Heisquiteagoodteacher. [误]Thechildrenplayfootballforlunch. [正]Thechildrenplayfootballatlunch. [析]英语中的atlunch为在吃午饭时这种惯用法还有atwork在工作,attable在吃饭,atdesk在学习而forlunch则是为午饭而准备的食物,又如Wehadsomemilkforbreakfast. [误]Thereisapostofficeinthecornerofthestreet. [正]Thereisapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet. [析]atthecorner是指墙外面的角,而inthecorner是指建筑物内部的角落例如Thereisacomputerinthecorneroftheroom.Thereisastreetlampatthecornerofthestreet. atinon 在表示时间时用来表示具体钟点用at,如Hewillbebackatsix.表示一天的上、下午时要用in如Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.但要注意的是,inthemorning和intheafternoon这两个词组中如果加入了任何修饰词,其介词要换为on,如onthecoldmorningonthehotafternoon.又如SeeyouonMondaymorning.如讲到具体的某一天,要用on如onSunday如IusuallywanttovisitmymotheronSundays.在谈到周、月、季、年时要用in,如AllthechildrenwillbehappyinEasterweek.HewasborninJuly.但要注意在泛指圣诞节、复活节、感恩节时都用at如WhereareyougoingatEaster.2011中考英语考前错题本(B字母篇)back [误]Imsorry.Ihavetobackhome. [正]Imsorry.Ihavetogobackhome. [正]Imsorry.Ihavetogohome. [析]back用作回到某处之意,不是动词 be [误]Wheredoyoufrom [正]Whereareyoufrom [析]你从何处来应为Whereareyoufrom或Wheredoyoucomefrom但要注意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的要是口语中问你是从什么地方来应讲Wheredidyoucomefrom回答用Icamefromthelibrary. beat [误]Wehavewonyourclass. [正]Wehavebeatenyourclass. [正]Wehavewonthegame. [析]win是胜过之意,它是及物动词,但其后的宾语只能接比赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称,如Whichteamwonthefootballmatch而beat指打败对手、敌人……如Mybrotherbeatmeatpoker.要注意的是,beat的过去式与原形相同,而过去分词为beaten [误]Theballbeatmebadly. [正]Theballhitmebadly. [误]Heusedtohitthelittleboyblackandblue. [正]Heusedtobeatthelittleboyblackandblue. [析]beat指打击多次,而hit则为击中对方的一次性打击 beautiful [误]Heisabeautifulboy.[正]Heisahandsomeboy.[析]我们可以讲Sheisabeautifulgirl.Thisisabeautifulpark.但要讲男人的英俊时要用handsome. because [误]ThereasonwhyIwaslateisbecauseIwasill. [正]ThereasonwhyIwaslateisthatIwasill. [误]BecauseitwasSundaysotheparkwascrowded. [正]BecauseitwasSundaytheparkwascrowded. [析]这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同,中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了,而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替又因中文常讲因为……所以……,而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了,同样用了所以也就不要再用因为一词例如Becausewestudyhardwepassedtheexameasily.或者Westudyhardsowepassedtheexameasily. becausebecauseof because后要接从句,例如Welikephysicsbecausewecanlearnalotofnewideas.而becauseof后要接名词作介词宾语,如Heisnotatschoolbecauseoftheillness. before [误]Wehavetwohourstokillbeforewewillgohome. [正]Wehavetwohourstokillbeforewegohome. [析]killtime意为消磨时光 英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作如Ifitrainswewillnotgotothepark. [误]Ididthisworktwodaysbefore. [正]Ididthisworktwodaysago. [析]用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时,而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时,如Ihasdonethisworkafewdaysbefore. beforelonglongbefore beforelong是不久之意,例如IshallgotoAmericabeforelong.而longbefore则是很久很久之意,如Weknewthisteacherlongbeforewesawhim.我们在看到这位老师之前很久就知道他了 begin [误]ThemeetingwillbeginfromMonday. [正]ThemeetingwillbeginonMonday. [误]Thefilmhasbegunfortenminutes. [正]Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes. [析]begin是瞬间动词,所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语,如Thefilmhasbegun.这句话是对的,即电影已经开始但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用hasbeenon即上演了10分钟 beginstart begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以,且意思并无区别,但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多,如HowoldwernyouwhenyoufirststartedlearningEnglish但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式,如Iwasbeginningtogethungry.但如果句子的主语是物而不是人,则多用不定式,如Theicebegantomelt.Itstartedtogetdarkbeforewegottoschool.当动词是表达某种心理状态时,要用不定式,如Thestudentbegantounderstandhismistakes. [误]Theystudyhardintheclassfromthebeginningtotheend. [正]Theystudyhardintheclassfrombeginningtoend. [析]frombeginningtoend是习惯用法,即自始至终,不要加冠词,但如单独使用则要加冠词,例如Atthebeginningtheteachergaveusanexam. behind [误]Hemissedtheclassbecausehewasbehindthetime. [正]Hemissedtheclassbecausehewasbehindtime. [析]behindtime一短语意为晚了,而behindthetimes意为落后于时代behind是介词同时又是副词,如Comeoutfrombehindthedoor介词.Hesalongwaybehind副词.Hefellbehindwithhisclassmates副词. below [误]Whatsthatbelowthechair. [正]Whatsthatunderthechair. [析]under意为正下方,而below意为比……低,或指在下游如Thereisafallbelowtheriver.河的下游有一个瀑布其反义词为over,如Thereisabigplaneflyingoverthecity.但在下面的例子一表达语中则要用theexamplebelow而不要用under. beside [误]Thestudentsstoodbesidestheteacher. [正]Thestudentsstoodbesidetheteacher. [误]IstudyEnglishbesideChinese. [正]IstudyEnglishbesidesChinese. [析]beside意为在……旁边,而besides是除……以外还如何 besidebynear beside意为在……旁,如Thereisatalltreebesidetheriver.by多指倚、靠、沿着之意,如Sheisstandingbythewindow.near多用来表示两地间距离不远,如Thereisapostofficenearourschool. better [误]Youhadbettertodoitathome. [正]Youhadbetterdoitathome. [误]Youhadntbetterwakemeupatsix. [正]Youhadbetternotwakemeupatsix. [析]hadbetter在肯定句中为应该作某事,其后加不带to的不定式,而在否定句中应用hadbetter+not+动词原形在简答语中had常省略为d,如Youdbetternot.又如 Letsgofirst.Nowedbetternot. between [误]Amongthetwotreesthereisaspaceofthefeet. [正]Betweenthetwotreesthereisaspaceofthefeet. [析]两者之间多用between,三者或三者以上之间则用among. [误]Youmustchoosebetweenthiscluborthatclub. [正]Youmustchoosebetweenthisclubandthatclub. [析]在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…,而不能用between…or…. big [误]Therewasabigrainlastnight. [正]Therewasaheavyrainlastnight. [析]大雨在英语中只能用aheavyrain而不要用abigrain. bit [误]Heisabitfool. [正]Heisabitofafool. [析]abit可以作程度副词,与alittle相同,但它用于名词前应用abitof而用于形容词前则应用abit,如Imabittired而其简答的否定句应为Notabit一点儿也不又如 -DoyoumindifIopenthedoor -Notabit. black [误]Thechildrenbecameblackafterswimminginthesea. [正]Thechildrenbecamesunburnedafterswimminginthesea. [析]因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑,不应用black而应用sunburnedsuncolour或dark. [误]Thegirlhasblackeyesandblack hair. [正]Thegirlhasdarkeyesandblackhair. [析]英语中blackeyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛 [误]TheEuropeanslikeredtea. [正]TheEuropeanslikeblacktea. [析]红茶在英文中应为blacktea.这种惯用法还有blackandblue鼻青脸肿,青一块紫一块;blackandwhite黑白电视片goblack意为在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗;lookblack意为情况不妙,前景暗淡如Afterthefighthewasblackandblue.OnTVIlikecolourforsomethingandblackandwhiteforothers. body [误]Goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlierisgoodforyourbody. [正]Goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlierisgoodforyourhealth. [析]中文常讲对你身体有利,而英文中则讲对你健康有利 borrow [误]MayIlendsomebooksfromthelibrary [正]MayIborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary [误]HowlongcanIborrowit [正]HowlongcanIkeepit [析]英语中有三个词都可译为借,但意义各不相同如借入是borrow,其常用句型结构是borrowsomethingfromsomebody,这是个瞬间性动词,不可与表示延续的时间状语连用例如Thestudentswanttoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.借出用lend,即借给别人东西其常用句型是lendsomebodysomething或lendsomethingtosomebody.例如Couldyoulendusyourdictionary或Couldyoulendyourdictionarytous它也是瞬间性动词,也不能与延续的时间状语连用keep则是延续性动词,可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用,也可与howlong等疑问词连用,如Youcankeepitforthreedays.bornbear的过去分词[[误]IborninShanghai. [正]IwasborninShanghai. [误]HewasbornfromGreekparents. [正]HewasbornofGreekparents. [析]出身于……样的家庭不要作from而要用of,例如Hewasbornofapoorfamily. both [误]Theybotharestudents. [正]Theyarebothstudents. [误]Theyrefusebothtoanswerthisquestion. [正]Theybothrefusetoanswerthisquestion. [析]both作同位语时,一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前 [误]Iknowhisbothparents. [正]Iknowbothhisparents. [误]Thebothbrotherswerestudents. [正]Boththebrotherswerestudents. [正]Bothbrotherswerestudents. [析]当both与形容词性物主代词myhisher等以及定冠词the连用时,都应将这些词置于both之后另外,在与定冠词连用时the可以省略 [误]Bothofmyparentsarenotathome. [正]Neitherofmyparentsareathome. [误]Bothofyouranswersarenotright. [正]Neitherofyouranswersisright. [正]Bothyouranswersarewrong. [析]both不能用于否定句中作主语表示两者都不时要用neither;但作宾语时both与either则都对,但要注意句意有所不同例如Icannotgivebothofthebookstoyou.我不能将两本书全给你而Icannotgiveeitherofthebookstoyou.两本书中哪本书也不能给你 bring [误]PleasebringthisdictionarytoMrBrown. [正]PleasetakethisdictionarytoMrBrown. [误]Nexttimepleasetakeyourlittlesisterhere. [正]Nexttimepleasebringyourlittlesisterhere. [析]英语中bring是带来,而take是带走还有一个词fetch表示到某处去把某物取、接回来如Pleasefetchthedoctoratonce. business [误]MyfatherwenttoShanghaiforbusiness. [正]MyfatherwenttoShanghaionbusiness. [析]onbusiness出差 busy [误]Thestudentswereverybusytopreparefortheexam. [正]Thestudentswereverybusypreparingfortheexam. [析]bebusydoingsomething为忙于作某事 [误]Thestudentswerebusyfortheexam. [正]Thestudentswerebusywiththeexam. [析]busy直接接名词时应用with. but [误]Hecouldnthelpbutrealizingthathewaswrong. [正]Hecouldnthelpbutrealizethathewaswrong. [误]Shecouldnthelptocrywhenshesawhermother. [正]Shecouldnthelpcryingwhenshesawhermother. [析]couldnthelp其后应接动名词,表示情不自禁的动作,但couldnthelpbut后面要加动词原形即省to的不定式,所以前一句应译为他才真正认识到他错了 buy [误]Ihaveboughtthisdictionaryforthreeyears. [正]Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears. [析]buy是截止性即瞬间动词,它可以有完成时,如Ihaveboughtthisdictionary.但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用如要讲我这本字典已买了3年了则要用havehad这一结构即我拥有这本字典已3年了 by [误]Theboyshotthecatbyagun. [正]Theboyshotthecatwithagun. [误]Hecametoschoolbyataxithismorning. [正]Hecametoschoolbytaxithismorning. [析]作为某种运输手段来讲,by与名词间不能有冠词,如bycarbybikebyair等如有了冠词或其他修饰词,则应用别的相应的介词,如我们今天早上是乘他的车来的一句应译为Wecamehereinhiscarthismorning.与by结合而成的词组很多,常用的有bytheway顺便说说;byhand手工制作;byoneself独自地;bynomeans决不2011中考英语考前错题本(C字母篇)call [误]IllcallatMrBrown. [正]IllcallonMrBrown. [误]IllcallonMrBrownshome. [正]IllcallatMrBrownshome. [析]作拜访讲时,at后面接访问地点,而on后面接访问的人 callondropinvisit callon比较正式的为公务的访问,如Wewerecalledonbytheoldstudents.而dropin则是比较随便的走走,顺便拜访,如Ifyourefreedropin.而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来,如MyschoolsheadmasterwillvisitAmericanextweek. can [误]Ablindmancannotjudgecolours. [正]Ablindmancannotjudgecolours. [误]Icanntcallforyouatten. [正]Icantcallforyouatten. [析]can的否定形式应为cannot或cant. [误]Itsonlysixoclock.Thatmustntbethepostman. [正]Itsonlysixoclock.Thatcantbethepostman. [析]must用来表示一种肯定的推断,如Shemusthavesomeproblems.Shekeepscrying.但在否定句中则要用cant,要表示对过去的推测则要用must+have+过去分词的表达法,如Thelightshavegoneout.Afusemusthaveblown.而对过去的否定推测则多用cant+have+过去分词,如Idontthinkhecanhaveheardyou.Callagain. [误]Wecouldnothelptolaughatonce. [正]Wecouldnothelplaughingatonce. [正]Wecouldnothelpbutlaughatonce. [析]couldnthelp+动名词表示禁不住做了某事但couldnothelpbut与couldnotbut后面要加不带to的不定式,意思都是不得不去做某事.如Youcouldnothelpbutrespecthim. canbeableto can与beableto都可以用来表示能力,但can只有现在时与过去时,beableto则可用任何时态,如Hewillbeabletoteachthechild.但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用beableto,如Hefinallywasabletojumpover210meters.或Theplanewasabletoflyoverthemountain.但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态,而beableto后面不接不定式的被动态 cancould can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中,只是用could更为礼貌,语气更委婉如Couldyoutellusastory care [误]Idontcarecoffee. [正]Idontcareforcoffee. [误]Takecareforyoursteps. [正]Takecareofyoursteps. [析]carefor是对某物感兴趣,而careof是关心,要当心某事,如Shedidntcareforhim.Takecareofwhatyouaredoing. [误]Idontcarewherewewillgoifitdoesntrain. [正]Idontcarewherewegoifitdoesntrain. [析]在itdoesntmatterIdontcareIdontmind及incase引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来如Ivegotafootballincasewehavetimeforagame. change [误]Iwanttochangemycamerawiththatone. [正]Iwanttochangemycameraforthatone. [析]changefor为以某物为交换物而changewith则是随……而变,如Thewoodscolourchangedwiththeseason. cheap [误]Ateacherssalaryisgenerallyverycheap. [正]Ateacherssalaryisgenerallyverylow. [析]工资的高低要用low,cheap是指价格便宜,如果要讲物美价廉则要用notexpensive如Thiscarisnotexpensive. choose [误]WeeachhadtohaveachooseofAorB. [正]WeeachhadtohaveachoiceofAorB. [析]choice是名词,而choose是动词 class [误]TheclassiswatchingTV. [正]TheclassarewatchingTV. [析]class作主语时,如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词,如Theclasswasmorethanfortyinnumber.如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复数形式的谓语动词,如Theclassareingeneralverybright. clean [误]SorryIdidntboughtithere.Icleanlyforgot. [正]SorryIdidntboughtithere.Icleanforgot. [析]clean可以作为副词讲,其意为完全,而cleanly则意为正确地、干净利落地,如Theknifedoesntcutcleanly.而clean作为形容词讲时意为清洁的、干净的,如Herfaceisnotcleannow. clever [误]ImnotcleverinEnglish. [正]ImnotcleveratEnglish. [析]cleverat是固定搭配,表示在某方面有特长 close [误]Itiscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoorclose. [正]Itiscoldoutside.Pleasekeepthedoorclosed. [析]这里的close是动词,意为关闭,而keep后要加形容词,所以要用close的过去分词形式closed作形容词作形容词用的close意为近的、亲密的 [误]ComecloselysothatIcanseeyou. [正]ComeclosesothatIcanseeyou. [误]Goodteachingandgoodtestingarecloserelated. [正]Goodteachingandgoodtestingarecloselyrelated. [析]closeclosely同样可以作副词用,但其意义不同,close是靠近、接近之意,而closely则是紧密、严密、密切之意 [误]Myschoolwasquiteclosefrommyhome. [正]Myschoolwasquiteclosetomyhome. [析]与……接近是closeto…,例如 Hewasclosetofifty. Thereisabusstopclosetothestation. closeshutturn shut与close是同义词,如closethedoor或shutthedoor.但要讲把某人关在门外时则只能用shutsomebodyout而不能用close,因shut语气较强,并含有隔离之意而turnoff是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类,有切断之意 cloth [误]Thechildrenwearverygoodclothtogotoschool. [正]Thechildrenwearverygoodclothestogotoschool. [误]Ineedalotofclothing. Imgoingtomakeanewcloth. [正]Ineedalotofcloth. Imgoingtomakeanewdress. [析]cloth是布、布料,没有复数形式一块布料是apieceofcloth而clothes统指衣服,是复数名词,一套衣服要讲asuitofclothes,如果是一件件衣服应讲shirtdresssweater等而clothing是衣物的总称,是不可数名词例如Thisclothingisneededinwarmcountries.Herclothesaremadeoffinecloth.英语中的dress是指比较正式的服装,如aschooldress校服,astudentdress学生套装,aworkingdress工作服 coffee [误]Pleasegivemetwowaters. [正]Pleasegivemetwocoffees. [正]Pleasegivemetwocupsofwater. [析]虽然coffeewatertea等都是物质名词,但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee而其他的却不行,其前要加acupof或aglassof. colourcolor [误]Coloursofflowersareredyellowandwhite. [正]Flowersareredyellowandwhite. [析]中文的花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色,若译为英文Coloursofflowersare…,就显得重复了 [误]Ilikegreencolour. [正]Ilikegreen. [正]Ilikecolourgreen. [析]colourgreen中的colour是green的同位语,所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的 come [误]Icameacrosswithanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday. [正]Icameacrossanoldfriendinthestreetyesterday. [析]comeacross是偶然碰见、遇见,要直接加宾语,如Ivejustcomeacrossabeautifulpoeminthismagazine. [误]Wheredoyoucomefrom Icomefromthestation. [正]Wheredidyoucomefrom Icamefromthestation. [正]Wheredoyoucomefrom IcomefromChina. [析]Wheredoyoucomefrom意为你是什么地方的人而Wheredidyoucomefrom则是你从何处来 [误]Thestarsarecomingoutfromthecloud. [正]Thestarsarecomingoutofthecloud. [析]comeoutof意为从……地方出来 comeincomeintoenter comein与comeinto的意义相同,但comeinto后面要加宾语,而comein后面不用宾语如Ifoundsomeonecameintomyroom.Thedooropenedandthechildcamein. enter常作为及物动词使用,如ThebusenteredtheEnglishtunnel. congratulate [误]Iwanttocongratulateyouforyoursuccesswithallmyheart. [正]Iwanttocongratulateyouonyoursuccesswithallmyheart. [析]动词congratulatesomebodyonsomething是向某人祝贺某事其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数,如Iofferedhimmycongratulationsonhissuccess. 又如Congratulations! cook [误]Myfatherisagoodcooker. [正]Myfatherisagoodcook. [析]很多动词加上er则变为执行该动作的一种人,如workworkerteachteacher.但cook即是动词做饭,同时名词也是厨师而cooker则是厨具、炊具之意如Iwillcookthedinner.Iboughtagoodpresscooker高压锅 corner [误]Thereisapostofficeinthecornerofthestreet. [正]Thereisapostofficeatthecornerofthestreet. [误]Agirlsatatthecorneroftheroom. [正]Agirlsatinthecorneroftheroom. [析]inthecorner是在建筑物内部的角上,而atthecorner是在外部的角上,如Thereisabigtreeatthecornerofthebuilding. cost [误]Icosttendollarsforthebook. [正]Ispenttendollarsonthebook. [误]Icosttwohourstodomyhomework. [正]Ittookmetwohourstodomyhomework. [析]costspend.take都可以作花费讲,但用法不同cost的用法是something+cost+somebody+时间或金钱,如Thebookcostmetendollars.spend的用法是somebody+spend+时间+indoingsomething,如Ispenttwohoursinwritingthisbook.或somebody+spend+金钱+onsomething,如Ispendtwodollarsonthisbook.而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:It+takes+somebody+时间+todosomething如Ittookmeanhourtocleantheclassroom. country [误]Youcanfindcowsinacountry. [正]Youcanfindcowsinthecountry. [析]country即可作国家讲,也可作农村讲当作农村讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式例如 [误]Farmersliveinthecountries. [正]Farmersliveinthecountry. [析]但作为国家讲时则可有单、复数形式,例如JapanisanAsiancountry.JapanChinaandIndiaareAsiancountries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的国家,如NewZealandisanagriculturalcountry.而nation多指民族组成的国家,如TheChinesenation中华民族state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围,如thestatefarm国营农场 cross [误]Therearetrafficlightsatthecross. [正]Therearetrafficlightsatthecrossing. [析]cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西,如RedCross红十字会 [误]Thelittleboyisgoingtoacrossthestreet. [正]Thelittleboyisgoingtocrossthestreet. [析]across是副词或介词,但不能作动词用 crosspass cross是指横过某地,如Hecrossedthesquare.而pass则强调从某物体旁经过,如ImailedsomeletterswhenIpassedthepostoffice. crowd [误]Theroomsoonwascrowdedbypeople. [正]Theroomsoonwascrowdedwithpeople. [析]crowded在这句话中应作为形容词,所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构,如Theroomwascrowdedwithbooks. cup [误]Asilverglasswasgiventothewinner. [正]Asilvercupwasgiventothewinner. [误]Mymotherwaslookingforthewhiskycup. [正]Mymotherwaslookingforthewhiskyglass. [析]glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿,而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子,且cup尤其用在奖杯上喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子,如我们讲Idrinkaglassofwineatsupper.而不讲Idrinkacupofwineatsupper.2011中考英语考前错题本(D字母篇)dance [误]Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoadanceparty. [正]Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoadancingparty. [正]Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoadance. [正]Wellinviteyouandyourwifetoaball.美语中常用ball作为舞会 date[误]Hestudiedtenhoursadate.[正]Hestudiedtenhoursaday. [析]date是指具体日期如问Whatsthedatetoday应回答具体日期October1st
1998.而day是指1日24小时如Whatdayistoday问的是星期几,应回答ItsSunday. [误]TodaysdateisJanuaryfirst.
1998. [正]TodaysdateisJanuary1,
1998. [正]TodaysdateisJanuary1st,
1998. [析]在日期书写中不要用序数词全写,而要用1st,2nd,3rd……如果一定要用序数词,其顺序应为ItisthefirstofJanuary. day [误]ThisisabookabouteverydayEnglish. [正]ThisisabookabouteverydayEnglish. [正]ThisisaneverydayEnglishbook. [误]Wegotoschooleveryday. [正]Wegotoschooleveryday. [析]everyday是形容词,意为日常的,而everyday则是每天、天天之意 dead [误]Myfatherhasdiedfortenyears. [正]Myfatherhasbeendeadfortenyears. [析]die是瞬间动词,它可以用于完成时,如Myfatherhasdied.但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用它也可以用于过去时,如Myfatherdiedthreeyearsago [误]Wellalwaysrememberthedeadswhowerekilledinthewar. [正]Wellalwaysrememberthedeadwhowerekilledinthewar. [析]形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人,如therich富人,thesick病人,thepoor穷人,其后的谓语动词要用复数,如Thericharenotalwayshappy. deaddeadly dead在某些词组里是完全、的确的意思,如deadrightdeadtireddeadsure而deadly则是致命的,如Therichmanhadmanydeadlyenemies.又如Cancerisadeadlydisease. deaddied dead是形容词,如MrsGintywasdead.而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词,如Shediedin
1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是passaway如Myfatherpassedawaythismorning. deer [误]Inthezootherearemanydeers. [正]Inthezootherearemanydeer. [析]deer是单、复数同形的词,如onedeer,twodeer,这样的名词还有fish,sheep等但如果讲Therearemanyfisheshere.这句话应译为这里有许多种鱼类而不应译为这里有很多鱼 desk [误]Theboysatinhisdesk. [正]Theboysatathisdesk. [析]在课桌旁坐着应用介词at而atdesk则应译为在学习,attable应译为在吃饭 die [误]InSouthAfricamanypeoplediedfromcancer. [正]InSouthAfricamanypeoplediedofcancer. [误]Theoldmandiedofoverwork. [正]Theoldmandiedfromoverwork. [析]死于疾病应用dieof,而死于某种外因事故则多用from. [误]Hismotherisdied. [正]Hismotherisdead. [误]Theoldwomanwasdeadattheageofseventy. [正]Theoldwomandiedattheageofseventy. [析]dead是形容词,而die是动词形容词表示状态,动词则表示动作 [误]Hediedinatrafficaccident. [正]Hewaskilledinatrafficaccident. [析]由于事故而造成的死亡一般用tobekilled. [误]Whenthedoctorcame,theoldmanhadalreadydied. [正]Whenthedoctorcame,theoldmanwasalreadydead. [正]Theoldmandiedbeforethedoctorcame. different [误]Myroomisdifferentwithyours. [正]Myroomisdifferentfromyours. [误]Thevillageisverydifferentwithwhatitwas. [正]Thevillageisverydifferentfromwhatitwas. [析]differentfrom是与……不同之意 difficult [误]Englishisverydifficulttobelearned. [正]Englishisverydifficulttolearn. [误]Helearnedphysicsisdifficult. [正]Itisverydifficultforhimtolearnphysics. [析]要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文Itisdifficultforsomebodytodosomething.为对于某人来说做某事很困难 difficulty [误]Therewaslittledifficultytofindhim. [正]Therewaslittledifficultyinfindinghim. [析]这种用法还有trouble即difficultytroubleindoingsomething. dinner [误]Whendidyouhavethesupper [正]Whendidyouhavesupper [析]英语中一日三餐前无冠词,例如 [误]Ihadalunchat12oclock. [正]Ihadlunchat12oclock. [析]在某些特定场合,如指某次宴会,则要加冠词,如Thedinnerwasgiveninhonouroftheguest. dress [误]Myfatherboughtanewdressforhimselfyesterday. [正]Myfatherboughtanewsuitforhimselfyesterday. [析]一般来讲男套装用suit,女服则用dress;作男服的服装店是tailorshoptailors而做女装的服装店是dressmakers. [误]Themotherdressedtheclothesonherchild. [正]Themotherdressedherchild. [析]dress作及物动词当穿衣服讲时,其后不能接衣服而只能接人,如Theboyisstilltooyoungtodresshimself.但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时,则多用其过去分词作形容词,如Heisnotdressedinhisnewsuit.或Sheisdressedinred.词组dressup是过节日时应服装整齐,如Theydressedupfortheholiday. dresshaveonputonwear 要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词表示状态的动词是haveon和wear,如Hehasonawhitecoat.Hewaswearingheavyshoes.而puton则表示穿衣的动作,如Putonyourcoatitiscoldoutside.而dress即可以作状态又可以作动作,作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服,作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式如Isawaladydressedinred.Isawagirldressingherself. drop [误]Thestudentsfelltheirvoice. [正]Thestudentsdroppedtheirvoice. [析]drop与fall都可以表示落下、掉下之意,有时可以互换,如Thedictionaryfelldroppedfromthetable.但drop还可以作及物动词,而fall一般只能作不及物动词 [误]Ishalldropinyou. [正]Ishalldropinonyou. [析]dropin是随便拜访某人,而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称 during [误]DuringIwassick,Icouldnteatwell. [正]WhileIwassick,Icouldnteatwell. [析]during后不能接从句,而when和while后可接从句 [误]IhavebeenstudyingEnglishduringthreedays. [正]IhavebeenstudyingEnglishforthreedays. [析]during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间,而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时,不能用完成时2011中考英语考前错题本(E字母篇)each[误]Everyofthemhashishabit.[正]Eachofthemhashishabit.[析]each可以作形容词,但也可作代词,而every只能作形容词[误]ThemanagercomestoAmericaalmosteachmonth.[正]ThemanagercomestoAmericaalmosteverymonth.[析]each与every都作形容词讲时,都有每个之意,但有不同each多指个体,而every则多指整体如Wewanteverystudenttosucceed.each不同来表达总体概念,所以不能与almostnearly,likely等词连用[误]Weeachhasabook.[正]Weeachhaveabook.[析]each作同位语时,其数应与其同位的名词相同,而each作主语时则应取其单数形式eachotheroneanothereachother与oneanother这两个词组的区别在很多语法书中强调eachother是两者之间,而oneanother是多者之间,其实不然,如Allstudentsmustcareforeachothermustloveandhelpeachother.事实上这两个词组是同义的,如果要讲有什么区别的话,当我们非常笼统地谈,而不特指什么人时,多用oneanother.early[误]Couldyoucomeheremoreearly[正]Couldyoucomehereearlier[析]单音节和少数双音节副词的比较级和最高级要用er和est来作其结尾,如fastsoonearlyhardlongnear等earth[误]Whatontheearthdoyoumean[正]Whatonearthdoyoumean[析]onearth这一词组在句中为的是加强语气,其意为究竟、到底而作为地球讲时则要加定冠词,如Howfaristheearthfromthemoon.而作为泥土讲时则为不可数名词,如Hefilledthepotwithearthandwantedtoplantsomeflowers.easy[误]Youcaneasyimaginemysurprise.[正]Youcaneasilyimaginemysurprise.[析]easy只在有限的词组中被用作副词,如takeiteasy不要紧张,goeasystandeasy等例如Easycomeeasygo.钱来的容易花的也快.Easiersaidthandone.说的容易做着难east[误]JapanisontheeastofChina.[正]JapanistotheeastofChina.[析]在讲述地理位置时,有3个介词常用,它们是inon和to其中in表示处于所表达的范围之内,如ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.on则表示双方接壤,如NorthKoreaisonthenortheastofChina.而表示互不相接的两部分时则用to如TaiwanistotheeastofFujian.either[误]-Idontlikeopera.-Idontliketoo.[正]-Idontlikeopera.-Idontlikeeither.[析]在否定句中用either表示也,而在肯定句中用too表示也[误]EitheryouorIareright.[正]EitheryouorIamright.[析]这在语法书中被称作就近原则,即哪个主语离谓语动词近,则应采用与哪个主语相一致的谓语动词,相同用法的还有neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…,以及or在连接两个主语时如Youorheistogohome.Theotherswillhavetostayintheclassroom.elder[误]MyolderbrotherhasgonetoShanghai.[正]MyelderbrotherhasgonetoShanghai.[析]在表示兄姐的长幼时应用elder表示哥哥姐姐,如myeldersister姐姐,但表示岁数时则多用older,如SheistwoyearsolderthanI.empty[误]Aretheseseatsempty[正]Aretheseseatstaken[析]empty是指空洞的没有任何物体,如Thehousewasempty其意思是没有任何家具或屋内无人但座位是否有人坐应用take.English[误]MysisterstudiedEnglishlanguageverywell.[正]MysisterstudiedtheEnglishlanguageverywell.[正]MysisterstudiedEnglishverywell.[析]在泛指某一种学科时,不应加冠词,如Ilikehistory.但如特指某一门学科时则应加冠词,如HelikesthehistoryofAmerica.enjoy[误]Ienjoytoplayfootball.[正]Ienjoyplayingfootball.[析]enjoy后要接动名词,而不接不定式[误]DidyouenjoyattheEnglishevening[正]DidyouenjoyyourselfattheEnglisheveningenough[误]Imsorry.Youarenotstudyingenoughcarefully.[正]Imsorry.Youarenotstudyingcarefullyenough.[析]enough要用在形容词或副词之后[误]Doyouhaveenoughofmoney[正]Doyouhaveenoughmoney[正]Doyouhaveenoughofthemoney[误]Thecoffeeisntenough.[正]Thereisntenoughcoffee.[析]enough可以作be动词的表语,但其主语应是代词,如Thatsenough.Itwasenough.如果是名词时应换用上面的句型entrance[误]Theentranceofthecinemaisonyourright.[正]Theentrancetothecinemaisonyourright.[析]在表示通往某处时entrance后面多用to作介词这样的用法还有keytothedooranswertothequestion等evening[误]Iwalkedhomeinacoldevening.[正]Iwalkedhomeonacoldevening.[析]intheevening这一词组如加上另外的修饰词则其介词应换为on.everyone[误]Everyoneofyougoestoclass.[正]Everyoneofyougoestoclass.[析]everyone其后不能接of结构在否定句中如果要讲每一个人都没有注意到它,就译作Nobodynoticedit.要注意Everyoneofusisnotright.应译为我们不都对而Noneofusareright.才应译为我们全错了exam[误]Wetakepartinanexam.[正]Wetakeanexam.[析]takepartin为参加某种活动,运动,而在学科中选择某一学科学习并进行考试应用take.except[误]Theroomiscleanexcepttwodesks.[正]Theroomiscleanexceptfortwodesks.[误]IcomehereeverydayexceptforSunday.[正]IcomehereeverydayexceptSunday.[析]在同一类物体中排除某一部分用except在不同类物体中排除某一物体时用exceptfor而exceptthat其后接从句,如Sheisagoodgirlexceptthatsheiscarelesssometimes.而besides则是包括在内,如我学习英语同时还学法语应译为IstudyEnglishbesidesFrench.exercise[误]ThestudentsexercisespokenEnglishinthemorning.[正]ThestudentspractisespokenEnglishinthemorning.[析]exercise多指运动、训练,而practise则多指把理论付诸于实践的练习[误]Everyoneshoulddoexerciseseveryday.[正]Everyoneshoulddoexerciseeveryday.[析]作为运动讲exercise是不可数名词,而当练习、体操、早操则是可数名词,例如IdoalotexercisesintheP.E.class.2011中考英语考前错题本(F字母篇)fail [误]Tomfailedhisexam. [正]Tomfailedinhisexam. [正]Tomfailedtopasstheexam. [析]fail为不及物动词,其后可用in加名词,或直接接不定式 family [误]ImsorryIhavetogo.Tomsfamiliesarewaitingforme. [误]ImsorryIhavetogo.Tomsfamilyiswaitingforme. [正]ImsorryIhavetogo.Tomsfamilyarewaitingforme. [析]family是集合名词,把它当作整体看它是单数,如看作家庭中的每个成员则为复数如Yourfamilyareverykindtome.Myfamilyisverylarge. far [误]Myschoolistenmilesfarfromhere. [正]Myschoolistenmilesawayfromhere. [析]far一般不与实际距离连用 [误]Didyouwalkfar Yes,Iwalkedfar. [正]Didyouwalkfar YesIwalkedalongway. [析]一般肯定句中不用far单独作状语,而用alongway.far组成的常用词组有asfaras.
①远至,一直到如Hewalkedasfarasthestation.
②就……而言如Asfarashewasconcernedthesebookswereverygood.
③只要如IcanhelpyouasfarasIcan.sofor到目前为止例Heisverywellsofar. fartherfurther far有两个比较级,即farther和further,其意思略有不同farther主要用于表示距离的远近,如MilanisfartherawaythanRome.而further则是指进一步的,如Willweneedanyfurtherdiscussiononthismatter. fast [误]Afasttrainrunsfastly. [正]Afasttrainrunsfast. [析]fast其形容词与副词形式相同 fastsoon fast指行动本身的速度快,如Theforeignerspeakstoofast.而soon则多指两个动作之间间隔短,时间到来的迅速,如Shewillcomesoon. feel [误]Ifeelbadlyaboutmymistakes. [正]Ifeelbadaboutmymistakes. [析]感观动词如feelsmell等后面要接形容词而不是副词feelgood是指某人精神好,而feelwell是指人身体状况良好 [误]Itrynottohurtherfeeling. [正]Itrynottohurtherfeelings. [析]feeling在作感情讲时要用复数,而作感觉讲则要用单数如Ihaveafeelingthatwewillwinthegame. few [误]Fewofthemisverygood. [正]Fewofthemareverygood. [析]few意为几乎没有,但要用复数谓语动词如果讲有一些人应用afew如Therewereonlyafewpeopleinthestreet. [误]Therearelessfarmsthanthereusedtobe. [正]Therearefewerfarmsthanthereusedtobe. [析]few的比较级为fewer,其后接可数名词;而little的比较级为less,其后接不可数名词 field [误]Heisafamousscientistonthefieldofphysics. [正]Heisafamousscientistinthefieldofphysics. [析]inthefield是在田野上或是在某一学科领域内,而onthefield则多指在战场上如Helosthislifeonthebattlefield. fill [误]Shefilledorangeintomyglass. [正]Shefilledmyglasswithorange. [析]表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fillwith词组,如Theboyranbackhomefilledwithjoy. fillfull fill是动词,但有及物与不及物两种用法,当表示充满之意时是不及物动词,应用fillwith,如Thelittlegirlseyesfilledwithtears.而当表示使……装满某物时,是及物动词,如Hefilledhispocketwithbooks.而befilledwith应看作系表结构,如Theboysmotherwasfilledwithanger.full是形容词,要用befullof这一词组,如Theboywasfullofjoy. find [误]Hehasfindedhislostbike. [正]Hehasfoundhislostbike. [析]find是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词均是found但found一词又意为建立,它是规则动词,其过去式及过去分词均为founded. [误]Itisverydifficulttolookforasuitablejob. [正]Itisverydifficulttofindasuitablejob. [析]lookfor为寻找,而find是找到寻找工作并不难,难的应是找到合适的工作 findfindout findout意为找出、算出、发现,如Ihavefoundouthowtodoit.而find的主要侧重点在找到某物,如Ifindmybookunderthedesk. finish [误]Ifinishedtoreadthatbooklastnight. [正]Ifinishedreadingthatbooklastnight. [析]英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语,这样的动词在中考范围内有两个,即finish和enjoy fire [误]Theresnosmokewithoutafire. [正]Theresnosmokewithoutfire. [析]此句应译为中文无风不起浪fire作为物质名词火讲时为不可数名词,而作为炉火、火灾讲则是可数名词,如Therewasafireinthenextstreetlastmonth.如要讲着火了要用beonfire如Thefactorywas onfire. [误]Themanfiredtous. [正]Themanfiredatus. [析]fireonat均指向某目标开火,at用于较小目标,而on用于较大目标 first [误]IsthisyourfirstlyvisittoBeijing [正]IsthisyourfirstvisittoBeijing [析]除了在强调第
一、第
二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外,这个词已不多见,而均被first取代first还有首先、首次、第一次之意 follow [误]Ireceivedaletterwhichranasfollow. [正]Ireceivedaletterwhichranasfollows. [析]asfollows是惯用法,其意为如下,不论在任何场合均要用follows. [误]Asfollowsarehisarguments. [正]Thefollowingarehisarguments. [析]asfollows主要用于句尾,而thefollowing则用于句首 food [误]Toomuchsweetfoodsuchascakeschocolatespastry…mayincreaseyourweight. [正]Toomanyfoodssuchascakeschocolatespastry…mayincreaseyourweight. [析]food泛指食物时为不可数名词,如Thereisnofoodforsupper.而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词 foot [误]Thereisafivefeetwidebridge. [正]Thereisafivefootwidebridge. [析]用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式 [误]Wewenttocollegeonfeet. [正]Wewenttocollegeonfoot. [析]by后面加接交通工具时,不应加任何冠词,不要用名词的复数形式如加了某些修饰词后,其前面的介词要作适当的改变,如Icametoschoolinhiscaryesterday.Igotoshoolonatrain. for [误]Iwantedtogotothepubforhavingadrink. [正]Iwantedtogotothepubforadrink. [正]Iwantedtogotothepubtohaveadrink. [析]用for表示目的时,其后面只能接名词,而不要接动名词 [误]Iwenttotheofficeforseeingtheheadmaster. [正]Iwenttotheofficetoseetheheadmaster. [析]用不定式来表示动作的目的 [误]IwillleaveBeijingtoShanghai. [正]IwillleaveBeijingforShanghai. [正]IwillleaveforShanghai. [析]leavefor为一固定搭配,不要改动 [误]Iboughtabooktoyou. [正]Iboughtabookforyou. [误]Heisafriendforus. [正]Heisafriendtous. [析]在英文中为一词在泛指时用to在特指时要用for. [误]Thisfoodisgoodtous. [正]Thisfoodisgoodforus. [析]词组begoodbadfor表示对……有好坏处 [误]ForIwasfeelingquitehungryIwantedtohavelunch. [正]IwantedtohavelunchforIwasfeelingquitehungry. [析]for作为因为讲时一般不要置于句首,而且口气也比because弱的多 forget [误]Ileftmykey. [正]Ileftmykeyathome. [正]Iforgotmykey. [析]leave是丢下之意,所以一定要接地点状语,而forget是忘记,所以不用接地点状语 [误]Iwillnotforgettherules. [正]Iwillneverforgettherules. [误]Pleasedontforgetpostingmyletteronyourwayhome. [正]Pleasedontforgettopostmyletteronyourwayhome. [析]要注意forgettodosomething为忘了去作某事,而forgetdoingsomething则应译为对已经作过的事记不起来了如Heforgetreturningthebooktothelibrary.应译为他忘记已把书还给图书馆这件事了同样用法的词还有remember和regret. free [误]Youcanspeakfreeinfrontofmyparents. [正]Youcanspeakfreelyinfrontofmyparents. [析]free作为副词时意为免费、不必付款,如Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurant.而freely则意为自由地、无限制地 French [误]ShecomesfromFrench. [正]ShecomesfromFrance. [析]French是法语、法国的,而France才是法国 friend [误]Henoddedtomefriendly. [正]Henoddedtomeinafriendlyfashion. [析]friendly是形容词,不是副词在英语中应避免讲Heisafriendofmymother.又比如Igotoschoolwithmyfriend.从语法上讲是对的但不是习惯上英语的说法而应讲Heisafriendofmymothers.Igotoschoolwithafriend.befriendswith则是交朋友之意,例如Ihopeyouwillbefriendswithme.而不应讲Ihopeyouwillbemyfriend.交朋友还有一惯用法是makefriends. from [误]WheredoyoucomefromIcomefromthelibrary. [正]WheredoyoucomefromIcomefromEngland. [正]WheredidyoucomefromIcamefromthelibrary. [析]Wheredoyoucomefrom应意为你是从什么国家地方来的即意为你是哪的人而Wheredidyoucomefrom才是你刚刚从哪来 front [误]Therearethreetalltreesinthefrontofmyhouse. [正]Therearethreetalltreesinfrontofmyhouse.[析]infrontof是某物体外部的前面,而inthefrontof是在某物体内部的前面如Thebusdriverisseatedinthefrontofthebus.2011中考英语考前错题本(G字母篇)game [误]HewenttoAmericatotakepartintheOlympicGame. [正]HewenttoAmericatotakepartintheOlympicGames. [析]game作为运动会讲时应用其复数形式,而具体一个游戏则可用其单数形式如Ourschoolteamwonthegame. German [误]TheyareGermen. [正]TheyareGermans. [误]ShecomesfromGerman. [正]ShecomesfromGermany. [析]German是德国人、德国的、德语,其复数形式是Germans;而Germany才是德国 gather [误]Allthestudentsandteachersaregatheredtogethernow. [正]Allthestudentsandteachersaregatherednow. [析]用了动词gather就不要再用together了这句话还可以这样讲Allthestudentsandteachersgottogether. give [误]Shegivesuptolookforthelostbike. [正]Shegivesuplookingforthelostbike. [析]giveup意为放弃,其后只接动名词作介词宾语,而不应接不定式 glad [误]Hisparentswereverygladforhissuccessinbusiness. [正]Hisparentswereverygladofhissuccessinbusiness. [正]Hisparentswereverygladtoknowhissuccessinbusiness. [析]为……感到高兴应是begladofsomething或begladtodosomething. glass [误]Theoldteacherhastwopairofbigglass. [正]Theoldteacherhastwopairsofbigglasses. [析]glass作为眼镜讲,应用复数形式,在英语中手套gloves裤子pants,剪刀scissors均用复数形式glass作玻璃杯讲时则可用单数形式或复数形式,如Iwanttwoglassesofmilk.而作为物质名词玻璃讲则要用作不可数名词,如Theboybroketwopanesofglass. go [误]-Marycouldyoucometomyhomenow-YesImgoing. [正]-Marycouldyoucometomyhomenow -YesImcoming. [析]go是指离开说话人所在地,而come指的是朝向说话人的方向如Comehere!CanIcomeandhelpyou但在口语中也有一些例外,如表示要参加到某人或者某件活动时常用come如Wearegoingtohaveapartytonight.Wouldyouliketocomewithus gonebeen HehasgonetoShanghai.指此人已去上海不在此地了 HehasbeentoShanghai.指此人去过上海现已回来了 gold [误]Shebrushedhergoldhaircarefully. [正]Shebrushedhergoldenhaircarefully. [析]gold作形容词指金质的,如agoldring,agoldcoin,而golden是金色的,如goldenage金色的时代,但金鱼例外,为goldfish good [误]Ivebeenwaitingforgoodtwentyminutes. [正]Ivebeenwaitingforagoodtwentyminutes. [析]agood之意为足足、整整之意 goodwell Heisgood.应译为他是个好人而Heiswell.应译为他身体不错Ifeelgood.即精神状态良好,而Ifeelwell.即身体状况不错 [误]Thisfoodisverygoodtoyou. [正]Thisfoodisverygoodforyou. [析]begoodfor是对……有利、有好处,而begoodto是指对待某人不错,如Yourfriendisverygoodtome. grade [误]-Whatgradeareyouin-Imingrade
1. [正]-Whatgradeareyouin-IminGread
1. [析]当泛指那一年级时grade的头一个字母小写,当有具体数字时则要大写品中考网2011中考英语考前错题本(H字母篇)hadbetter [误]Youhavebetterhurry. [正]Youhadbetterhurry. [析]hadbetter只用过去时had,不要误用成现在时have [误]Youhadntbetterworry. [正]Youhadbetternotworry. [析]hadbetter后面加不带to的不定式,其否定式是hadbetternot+动词原形 half [误]Ihaddrivenabouthalfmile. [正]Ihaddrivenabouthalfamile. [析]半小时有两种讲法halfanhourahalfhour.而一个半小时应讲anhourandahalf或oneandahalfhours.半天应讲halfaday,半镑应讲halfapound.但要尽量避免使用halfayear,而应用sixmonths;不用halfamonth而用twoweeks或fifteendays. [误]Halfuscouldgotothepark. [正]Halfofuscouldgotothepark. [析]half用于名词前可用of结构也可不用of结构,但用于代词前则必须加of如Morethanhalfofmyclassmatesareboys. [误]Oneandhalfapplesareleftonthetable. [正]Oneandhalfapplesisleftonthetable. [析]一个半oneandhalf后面的名词要用复数,而句中的谓语动词却要用单数 [误]Halfoftheworkaredone. [正]Halfoftheworkisdone. [误]Halfofthesixapplesisred. [正]Halfofthesixapplesarered. [析]halfof+名词这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致,如为不可数名词或可数名词单数,要用单数谓语动词;而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词 hand [误]Heshookhandwithhisteacher. [正]Heshookhandswithhisteacher. [析]与某人握手要用shakehands.与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式,如changehands转手、易手,inthehandsof由……控制,joinhands与人合作 happen [误]Whatwashappenedtoyoulastmonth [正]Whathappenedtoyoulastmonth [误]Anaccidentwashappenedinthisstreetlastnight. [正]Anaccidenthappenedinthisstreetlastnight. [析]在英语中不及物动词没有被动态,作为发生讲的happen,takeplace和breakout都不具有被动态happento常用来表达一件偶然发生的事,如Ifyouhappentomeetmysisterpleaseaskhertocallme. hard [误]Ihavetostudyhardly. [正]Ihavetostudyhard. [析]hard是形容词,如ahardwork,但它同时也是副词hardly是hard的又一副词形式,但词意截然不同,意为几乎不 [误]Ihadmylegbrokenlastterm,soIcouldnthardlystudyatall. [正]IhadmylegbrokenlasttermsoIhardlystudiedatall. [析]hardly意为否定,所以不要再加否定词语了,如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序,如Hardlyhadhearrivedwhenshestartedcomplaining. have [误]Ihadmyboydohishomeworkfrommorningtillnoon. [正]Ihadmyboydoinghishomeworkfrommorningtillnoon. [析]用havesomebodydosomething还是doingsomething要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语 [误]Ihavemybiketorepair. [正]Ihavemybikerepaired. [析]havesomethingdone这一句型是让某事被别人去作,请看下面两句意义的不同Ihaverepairedmybike.我自己已修好了自行车而Ihavemybikerepaired.我把车推出去让别人修理了 [误]Couldyougivemesomemoneyifyouhave. [正]Couldyougivemesomemoneyifyouhaveany. [析]如果你有的话一句译为英文应加上any一词,如Iwantsomebooksifthereisany. headache [误]Ivegotheadache. [正]Ivegotaheadache. [析]Headache是一个规则的可数名词,所以可以讲Mymotheroftengetsheadaches.但是牙痛toothache,肚子痛stomacheache等却都可以用作不可数名词,如Ivegottoothache.但也可用作可数名词 hear [误]Hewasheardsinginthenextroom. [正]Hewasheardtosinginthenextroom. [析]hearsomebodydosomething这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来而在hearsomebodydoingsomething这一句式中则不会出现上述问题如,主动态Iheardhersinginginthenextroom.变为被动态时为Shewasheardsinginginthenextroom.这种用法还适用于seelookobservewatchnoticelistento等 hearlistento hear一词为听见了什么,或听到什么,强调其结果;而listento则强调有意要听,听的倾向如IwanttolistentoyoubutIhearnothing. 但词组hearaboutof则为听说过之意,如Iheardaboutthis.我听说过此事而hearfrom则为收到某人信件之意Ioftenhearfrommygirlfriend. help [误]Pleasehelpmyhomework. [正]Pleasehelpmedomyhomework. [正]Pleasehelpmewithmyhomework. [析]help其句型是helpsomebodydotodosomething.意为帮某人作某事,但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作,如Hehelphismothercookthemeal.即他和母亲一起作饭而Hehelpmetodomyhomework.则是他指导我做作业但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同,并无区别 [误]WhenIreadtheplayIcanthelptothinkofmychildhood. [正]WhenIreadtheplayIcanthelpthinkingofmychildhood. [析]canthelpdoingsomething是身不由己,情不自禁做某事 [误]Helpyourselfwithsomecakes. [正]Helpyourselftosomecakes. [析]中文中讲你自己拿蛋糕吃,英文中要用helpsomebodytosomething. here [误]Herethebuscomes! [正]Herecomesthebus! [析]副词在句首时一般要用倒装语序,即谓语动词的位置前移但是,若主语如是人称代词,则还是要用正常语序,如Hereweare! high [误]Heisveryhigh. [正]Heisverytall. [析]英语中的两个高high和tall,其中tall指人指物都是可以的,但high则只指物体的高,所以可以讲Thisbuildingisthehighestbuildinginthecity.但tall一般不用来指山脉的高低 hit [误]Themothergotangryandhittheboy. [正]Themothergotangryandbeattheboy. [析]hit指打到某物之上,一般指一次性打击,如Hehithisheadagainstthewall.他把头撞到了墙上而beat则指多次性的打击 home [误]Imtired.ItstimeIwenttohome. [正]Imtired.ItstimeIwenthome. [析]home此处用作副词,所以不应加to,又如Iarrivedhomeateleventhirtyyesterdayevening.而athome除了在家之意外,还有像在家里一样之意如Makeyourselfathome.不要拘束就像在家一样 homehousefamily home是指与亲人一起居住的地方,可以讲aletterfromhome,所以有人解释home包括住处和家人而house的侧重点则在建筑物,如Manynewhouseswerebuiltthisyear.family一词,作为整体讲其谓语动词用单数,如Herfamilyisahappyone.而作为家庭成员讲时要用复数谓语动词,如Myfamilyarealllikeswimming. homgwork [误]Ihavesomanyhomeworktodotoday. [正]Ihavesomuchhomeworkgodotoday. [析]homework为不可数名词同样的词还有workwork作为著作、作品、工厂讲时为可数名词,fun,healthinformation等 hope [误]Ihopeyoutobeagoodstudent. [正]Ihopeyouwillbeagoodstudent. [析]hope一词不能接宾语再加上宾语补足语,但它可以接不定式作宾语,如Ihopetobeascientist.而wish却可以接宾语加宾语补足语,如Iwishyoutobeagoodstudent. [误]Idonthopeyouwillgototheparktomorrow. [正]Ihopeyouwontgototheparktomorrow. [析]hope和think在否定句中的用法不同,如我认为你错了应译为Idontthinkyouareright.即否定在前而hope则不能这样用又如在答语中我不这样认为应译为Idontthinkso.或Ihopenot. [误]Ihopeyourhelp. [正]Ihopeforyourhelp. [析]hopefor为期望某事发生,虽然hope是及物动词,但表达期望某事情发生要用hopefor+名词这一结构 [误]Iwashopefultopasstheexam. [正]Iwashopefulofpassingtheexam. [析]对某事存有希望应用hopefulofabout+介词宾语这一结构 hospital [误]Mymotherwasinthehospitalfortwoweeks. [正]Mymotherwasinhospitalfortwoweeks. [析]inhospital为住院就医而inatthehospital为在医院工作如Heisadoctorinatthehospital.类似的用法还有很多,如上学为gotoschool,atschool为在校就读,gotobed为上床睡觉 how [误]Iwanttoknowhowtodo. [正]Iwanttoknowhowtodoit. [析]how是关联副词,要注意与关联代词的不同用法如Iwanttoknowwhattodo. [误]Howdoyouthinkaboutit [正]Whatdoyouthinkaboutit [析]英文中表达你对某事的看法如何应用Whatdoyouthinkabout…这一句式 hurry [误]Letshurry.Thereisalittletimeleft. [正]Letshurry.Thereislittletimeleft. [误]Dontworry.Thereislittletimeleft. [正]Dontworry.Thereisalittletimeleft. [析]请注意英语中的惯用法快点吧,没时间了,或别着急还有一点时间 [误]Thecarishurryingthroughthestreet. [正]Thecarisrushingthroughtthestreet. [析]hurry一词只用于人而不用于物体 hundred [误]Therearetwohundredspeoplehere. [正]Therearetwohundredpeoplehere. [误]Therearehundredofpeoplehere. [正]Therearehundredsofpeoplehere. [析]hundred一词前如有数字时不论多少其后都不加s,这和thousand千等数量词的用法一样,而hundredsof是数百的,这一词组一定要加s. hurt [误]Idontwanttowoundherfeelings. [正]Idontwanttohurtherfeelings. [析]wound是指战场上的刀枪伤名词,或用刀枪伤害、打伤动词2011中考英语考前错题本(I字母篇)if [误]IfitwillrainIwontgotoschooltomorrow. [正]IfitrainsIwontgotoschooltomorrow. [析]由if引起的状语从句要用一般时表示将来 [误]Iwanttoknowifhecomesheretomorrow. [正]Iwanttoknowifhewillcomeheretomorrow. [析]if所引起的如果是宾语从句则不能用一般现在时表示将来 [误]Iwanttoknowifitwillraintomorrowhewillcomeornot. [正]Iwanttoknowifitrainstomorrowhewillcomeornot. [析]这里的if从句是整个宾语从句的条件状语,所以,还应用一般时表示将来 ill [误]Hespentmanyyearslookingafterhisillfather. [正]Hespentmanyyearslookingafterhissickfather. [析]ill和sick都可以作表语,如Imillsick.美国英语中常用sick,而英国英语中两者都可用,但ill一般不作定语 in [误]InacoldmorningIwenttoschoolalone. [正]OnacoldmorningIwenttoschoolalone. [析]在inthemorning或intheafternoon词组中,不论在这两个名词的前或后加任何修饰词,其介词in都要变为on. [误]Iwillfinishitaftertwodays. [正]Iwillfinishitintwodays. [析]中文中几天以后可以完成,或几天后来取,在译为英文时都不要用after,而要用in.如Hewillbebackinafewdays. ininto 作为副词应用in,而不能用into,如Comeinplease.又若在句中不涉及到动词的位置,只是表达空间的位置时用in,如Theteacherintheofficeismymother.但在goruncomewalkdive等词后则要用into.如Shedivesintotheriver. instead [误]Theboystayedinbedalldayinsteadtogotoschool. [正]Theboystayedinbedalldayinsteadofgoingtoschool. [析]insteadof其后要接动名词、名词或代词,而不能用不定式,如Ichoosethisbookinsteadofthatone. [误]ThebeerhereisnotgoodsoIdrinkwineinsteadofit. [正]ThebeerhereisnotgoodsoIdrinkwineinstead. [析]instead是副词,而insteadof是介词短语如Ifyouarenotfreeyoumaycomeanotherdayinstead. interest [误]Hehasagreatinterestforphysics. [正]Hehasagreatinterestinphysics. [误]Hehassomeinterestinmanycompanies. [正]Hehassomeinterestsinmanycompanies. [析]interest作为兴趣讲可用作不可数名词,但作为利息、股份讲时为可数名词 [误]Thisisaninterestedbook. [正]Thisisaninterestingbook. [析]修饰物时应用interesting如,aninterestingfilm,而讲某人对某事感兴趣时要用过去分词interested,如Iminterestedinthisplay.但他是一个十分有趣的人应译为Heisaninterestingman.所以interesting是令人感兴趣之意,而interested则表示某人对某事物感兴趣,多用beinterestedinsomething这一句型 invent [误]AmericawasinventedbyChristopherColumbusin
1492. [正]AmericawasdiscoveredbyChristopherColumbusin
1492. [析]invent意为发明即从无到有,如CompasswasinventedbytheChinesepeople.而discover则意为发现 it [误]Thattakesmetenyearstofinishthiswork. [正]Ittakesmetenyearstofinishthiswork. [析]it在这个句中的语法作用是形式主语,而真正的主语是句子后面的不定式有的句子要用it作形式主语或形式宾语,如IthinkitdifficulttolearnEnglishwell.2011中考英语考前错题本(J字母篇)join [误]Didyouattendthefootballclub [正]Didyoujointhefootballclub [析]join经常用于参加某个团体、政党,并作为其中的一个成员;attend则重点强调出会议、到场,而不一定进行具体活动,如Didyouattendthemeetingyesterday而takepartin则强调参与某些具体活动或运动,如Itakepartinthefootballgame. just [误]Ihavefinishedmyworkjustnow. [正]Ifinishedmyworkjustnow. [析]justnow意义刚才,所以句中的谓语动词要用过去式 [误]JustIwonthegame. [正]Ijustwonthegame. [析]just单独使用时不应放在句首,而应放于
①be动词之后,如Heisjustastudent.
②名词与一般动词之间
③用在第一助动词之后,如Ihavejustreturnedhome.但just与其他词组成词组时,如justnowjustthen则可用于句首和句尾如Justthenhesawthebuscoming. justjustly just常用于三种含意
①恰好,如Itsjustfiveoclock.
②仅仅,相当于only如Ihavejustenoughmoneytobuyadictionary.
③不久前,如Ijustmissedmyoldfriend;Heleftafewminutesago.而justly其意为公正的,如Hewasjustlypunishedforhiscrimes.2011中考英语考前错题本(K字母篇)keep [误]Shewaskeepingsomethingtoherfather. [正]Shewaskeepingsomethingfromherfather. [析]对某人隐瞒某事要用keepsomethingfromsomebody句型 [误]Hekepttorepeatthewordagainandagain. [正]Hekeptrepeatingthewordagainandagain. [析]keepdoingsomething为连续不断地做某事有时可以与keepondoingsomething互换它们的区别在于keepdoingsomething意为该动作一直不停地在进行中,如Whenthetrainstartedshekeptwavingherhand.而keepondoingsomething则表示该动作可能停停顿顿但却一直在进行中,如Hekeptonmakingthesamemistakesingrammar. [误]Wemustkeepupthetimes. [正]Wemustkeepupwiththetimes. [析]这句话意为我们必须赶上时代,keepupwith是赶上之意,而keepup则是坚持下去的意思,如Keepitupdontstopnow! key [误]Ilostthekeyofthedoor. [正]Ilostthekeytothedoor. [析]英语中讲某某的东西一般要用of,而keyentranceanswer则多用to,如门的钥匙为keytothedoor高速公路入口为entrancetothehighway问题的答案为theanswerkeytothequestion. kind [误]Thiskindofbooksarenotgood. [正]Thiskindofbooksisnotgood. [析]kind在这种句式中应作为主语,如果讲Thosekindsofbooksareverygood.则是正确的 kindsorttype kind和sort为同义词,意为种类,而type则为型号,如Whattypeofthiscardoyouwant你想要这种车的什么型号 knock [误]Someonewasknockingthedoor. [正]Someonewasknockingatthedoor. [析]knock虽可以作及物动词,如Thecarknockedaholeinthefence.但作敲门讲一定要用作不及物动词knockatonthedoor. know [误]Iwanttoknowtoplaythisgame. [正]Iwanttoknowhowtoplaythisgame. [析]要注意英语中在不定式前加疑问代词或疑问副词的用法如Iwanttoknowhowtodoit/whattodo/whentodoit/wheretogo. knowknowof Iknowhim.为我很了解他而Iknowofhim.则为我听说过他同样的用法还有hear和hearof这一词组2011中考英语考前错题本(L字母篇)large [误]Hefoundalargenumberofmistakeinhishomework. [正]Hefoundalargenumberofmistakesinhishomework. [析]alargenumberof+复数名词,意为大量的 last [误]Thisisthenewestnews. [正]Thisisthelatestnews. [析]最新消息应为latestnews,因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息,请注意英语与汉语的区别 lastthelast [误]Isawmybrotherthelastweek. [正]Isawmybrotherlastweek. [析]当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用lastmonthlastweek而不能加定冠词,thelast可用于表示一系列词的最后一个,如ThatwasthelastChristmasIspentathome.但thelast可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期,如Iambusyforthelastweek. late [误]YesterdayIwenthomelately. [正]YesterdayIwenthomelate. [析]late即可做形容词又可作副词;而lately则意为最近的,如Ihaventseenherlately. latelatterlaterlately late有两个比较级,指时间较晚应用later,如口语中常讲Seeyoulater.一会见而latter则指按顺序讲的后者,或靠后的,其反意词为former,如theformerpresident前总统又如Icanunderstandthelatterpartofthestory.而lately则意为近来、不久前laughedatbyhisclassmates.中的at是不可省掉的laughover则指笑着谈论某事,如Welaughoverthefilm.我们笑着谈论那个电影 lay [误]Weliedonthebeach. [正]Welayonthebeach. [析]英文中有三个动词易混,在考试中也频频出现,它们的现在式,过去式,过去分词以及现在分词是 layvt.放laidlaidlaying lievi.躺laylaincying lievi.说谎liedliedlying learn [误]Theteachersaid Youmuststudythispoembyheart. [正]Theteachersaid Youmustlearnthispoembyheart. [析]study与learn在作学习讲时,常常可以互换,但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习,如Thelittlebabyislearningtowalk.而study则多侧重于学习的过程,如Imstudyingatthiscollege.而learn…byheart则是记住、背诵之意 leave [误]IllleaveBeijingtoShanghai. [正]IllleaveBeijingforShanghai. [析]leavefor一词组为去某地,如对话中常讲IllleaveforShanghai.因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略 leaveforget [误]Iveforgottenmyhomeworkathome. [正]Iveforgottenmyhomework. [正]Iveleftmyhomeworkathome. [析]如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget而要用leave. lesson [误]IhavetwolessonsofEnglish. [正]IhavetwoEnglishlessons. [正]IhavetwolessonsinEnglish. [析]我有两节英语课这一表达法如上,但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用Ihavetwoclasses.teachsomebodyalesson为教训某人,或要吸取教训,如Letthisthingteachesyoualesson. lend [误]Pleaseborrowmeyourbike. [正]Pleaselendmeyourbike. [析]borrow是指借入,如Iwanttoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.lend是借出,如Icanlendyoumybike.而keep为借多久如HowlongcanIkeepit less [误]Hehasfewermoneythanshehas. [正]Hehaslessmoneythanshehas. [析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级要注意前者修饰不可数名词,而后者修饰可数名词 let [误]Theteacherletsthestudentscleantheclassroomasapunishment. [正]Theteachermakesthestudentscleantheclassroomasapunishment. [析]虽然lethavemake有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思 [误]Letsgototheparkwillyou [正]Letsgototheparkshallwe [误]Letusgototheparkshallwe [正]Letusgototheparkwillyou [析]Letsgo的反意疑问句是shallwe而Letusgo的反意疑问句则是willyou life [误]ManypeoplelosttheirlifeintheSecondWorldWar. [正]ManyPeoplelosttheirlivesintheSecondWorldWar. [析]life作为生命、性命时应为可数名词;当泛指一般生活讲时则为不可数名词,如Whichdoyouprefertownlifeorcountrylife又如Lifeisnotallfun. light [误]Thereisadeskwithalitlamponit. [正]Thereisadeskwithalightedlamponit. [析]light有两个过去分词lighted和lit,当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.light可以用作名词,如Themoongetsitslightfromthesun.也可以作形容词,如Theclassroomisverylight.还可以作动词,如Thelittlegirllitamatch.作形容词时还有轻、浅等意,如Thisboxislight.Ilikelightblue. like [误]Mysisterisveryasme. [正]Mysisterisverylikeme. [析]as作为连词其后要接从句,如Sheisagoodstudentashisbrotherusedtobe.而like是介词,其后接宾语 [误]Doyoulikeswimmingwithmetonight. [正]Wouldyouliketoswimwithmetonight. [析]like作为动词当喜欢讲时,其后面可接不定式也可接动名词,用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作,如ImsorryIdontliketogoswimmingtonight.用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作,如Ilikeswimmingverymuch. likealike 作为形容词,alike一般不作定语,而只作表语,如;Thetwinsareveryalike. [误]Wouldyoulikeswimmingwithus [正]Wouldyouliketoswimwithus [析]在wouldyoulike…这一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接动名词like的用法还要注意以下两点
①HelikesTom.为他喜欢汤姆
②HeislikeTom.为他像汤姆第二句话的like为介词,而第一句话的like为动词 listen [误]Youshouldheartheteahcersadvice. [正]Youshouldlistentotheteachersadvice. [析]hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音,而listento则侧重于听的倾向性如Welistenbuthearnothing.例句为听取某人意见,所以只能用listentosomeonesadvice. little [误]Dontworrythereislittletime. [正]Dontworrythereisalittletime. [误]Thereisalittlewater.ShallIgetsome [正]Thereislittlewater.ShallIgetsome [析]要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的如中文水不多了,我去取点吧英文要讲没水了,我去取点吧 littlesmall little与small是近义词,在作定语时常常可以互换,如alittlegirl或asmallgirl但little一般不作表语,如Thecaroverthereissmall.一句中不要用little.作定语时little常常带有感情色彩,而small则带有对比的含义 live [误]Tomliveswithhisparentsmoney. [正]Tomlivesonhisparentsmoney. [误]Helivesonteaching. [正]Helivesbyteaching. [析]靠吃某物为生应用liveonsomething而liveby是靠某种生活手段为生 livingalive living侧重于生活得很好,身体不错,如Mygrandfatherisstilllivinginhiseighties.而alive则强调没有死而是活着的,如Isthatcataliveordead lonely [误]Shewantedtodoherhomeworklonely. [正]Shewantedtodoherhomeworkalone. [析]lonely意为寂寞的、孤单的,如Theoldmanfeltlonely.alone则意为独自的、单独的,如Helivesalonebuthedoesntfeellonely. long [误]Ihavebeenstudyinglongfortheexam. [正]Ihavebeenstudyingforalongtimefortheexam. [析]long用作表达时间的副词时,在否定句及疑问句中最常用,但在肯定句中除与sotooas…as连用外,一般要用foralongtime. [误]Illcallyouaslongasthebookwillbereturned. [正]Illcallyouaslongasthebookisreturned. [析]as…as引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来 [误]HowlongdoyougotoseeyourparentsOnceaweek. [正]HowoftendoyougotoseeyourparentsOnceaweek. [析]因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率,要用howoften. look lookforfind lookfor侧重于寻找这个动作,如Whatareyoulookingfor而find则侧重于结果,如Itisverydifficulttofindajob.这里不能用lookfor,因为真正困难的是找到工作 其他用法还有 [例]Heoftenlooksbackonhishighschooldays. [析]lookbackonsomething为回顾、回想 [例]Iwishyouwouldntlookdownonuponthechildrenswork. [析]lookdownonupon为看不起某人或某事 [误]Imlookingforwardtoseeyou. [正]Imlookingforwardtoseeingyou. [析]lookforwardto词组中的to是介词,所以其后要加名词或动名词,不能接不定式 lot [误]IcanbuythisdictionarynowbecauseIhavegotmuchmoney. [正]IcanbuythisdictionarynowbecauseIhavegotalotofmoney. [析]muchmoney多用于疑问句与否定句中,而在肯定句中要用alotof.lotsof与alotof之间无多大区别,两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词,所以常常可以互换 [误]Heismorehappiernow. [正]Heisalothappiernow. [析]不可用more来修饰比较级,能修饰比较级的词有verymuchalotlotsanynoratheralittleabit等 loudloudly 这两个词含意相同,在日常用语中loud多与talk,speakshoutlaugh等动词连用,如Dontspeaksoloud,youllwakethebaby.而在比较正式的场合才用loudly. loudaloud loud多指把声音放大,而aloud则指要出声不要默读如-Whatdidyousay-OhnothingIwasjustthinkaloud.我只不过自言自语 2011中考英语考前错题本(M字母篇)make [误]Thelittleboywasmaderepeatthewholestory. [正]Thelittleboywasmadetorepeatthewholestory. [误]Thefathermadehissontodohishomeworkfrommorningtillnight. [正]Thefathermadehissondohishomeworkfrommorningtillnight. [析]make的句型为makesomebodydodoingsomething.但在被动语态中原来被省去的不定式符号to要被还原回来 [误]Ialwaysdothismistake. [正]Ialwaysmakethismistake. [析]英语中do和make是十分不易弄清的两个动词,do常用于谈论工作时或某种不确定的活动时,如doafavour帮个忙,doonesbest竭尽全力,dogood有益,doharm有害,而多数情况下常用make如makeasuggestionmakeacakemakeabed收拾床,makeanoisemakemoney等等 [误]Thiswinewasmadeofgrapes. [正]Thiswinewasmadefromgrapes. [析]当成品制成后,其原料的性质有所改变时应用makefrom,否则用makeof,如Thisdoorwasmadeofiron. [误]Hardworkcanoftenmakeupalackofintelligence. [正]Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforalackofintelligence. [析]makeup是创造、编织,而makeupfor是弥补……的不足之处上句应译为勤奋工作可以弥补天资的不足 [误]Wemadeupourmindtostudyhard. [正]Wemadeupourmindstostudyhard. [析]mind这里是可数名词,使用时要特别予以注意makeuponesmind是下定决心之意 [误]Ourclassismadeoftwentygirlsandtwentyoneboys. [正]Ourclassismadeupoftwentygirlsandtwentyoneboys. [析]makeupof…是某物由……组成或构成 many [误]Ihavemanyfriends. [正]Ihavealotoffriends. [析]many和much多用于疑问句或否定句中,而在肯定句中则用处不多,尤其在非正式谈话中如 -Howmuchmoneyhaveyougot -Ivegotplenty. [误]Youboughtmuchtootomatoes. [正]Youboughttoomanytomatoes. [析]toomany后接可数名词,toomuch后接不可数名词,而muchtoo后面接形容词,意为太多 [误]Formanyaweeksitrainedalot. [正]Formanyaweekitrainedalot. [析]manya意为好多、许多,但其后面要加单数名词 matter [误]Nomatterwhatyoudid. [正]NomatterwhatyoudidItrustedyou. [析]Nomatter是个词组,意为不论,它的语法功能是起连接作用,所以不能用于一个单独的句子 itdoesntmatter这个词组则不是一个连接词组,所以可以和一个单句连用,如Itdoesntmaterwhatyousay.你说什么都不要紧 maybe [误]Maybeheisright. [正]Maybeheisright. [析]maybe是副词,不要错用为maybe. maybeperhaps 这两个词的词意一样,maybe常用于非正式谈话,而perhaps则多用在正式文体中如Maybe/Perhapstheweatherwillgetbetter.而JuliusCaesarisperhapsthegreatestofShakespearesearlyplays. mend [误]Iwanttohavemybikemended. [正]Iwanttohavemybikerepaired. [析]mend意为缝补,如Mymothermendedmycoat.而repair是修理 mind [误]Couldyoumindtoclosethedoor [正]Couldyoumindclosingthedoor [误]Trytomakeupyourmindstudyinghard. [正]Trytomakeupyourmindtostudyhard. [析]mind用作动词时,其后加动名词;而用作名词意为下定决心时,其后要加不定式要注意DoyoumindifIsmoke的答语如果你不介意,应回答Nogoahead.如果你不想让对方吸烟,则应讲Yespleasedont. miss [误]Ifoundmybagmissed. [正]Ifoundmybagmissing. [析]missing为形容词,其意为不见了、丢了在句中用作宾语补足语时不要误用missed,它作动词时多为及物动词,要接名词或动名词,而不接不定式如ImissedthefirsttrainIdontwanttomissseeingthefamousfootballplayer.在作补足语讲某物不见了时有missinggonelost等,如Ifoundmybagmissinggonelost. mistake [误]Itookyourpenbywrong. [正]Itookyourpenbymistake. [析]bymistake是错拿了、误拿了你的东西wrong意为错误,而bymistake为弄混了如 [误]IfImnotwrongyouareMrBrown. [正]IfImnotmistakenyouareMrBrown.如果我没弄错的话,您是Brown先生 [误]Theteachersalwaysmistookmeasmybrother. [正]Theteachersalwaysmistookmeformybrother. [析]mistake…for…是错把……当作……之意,如Itookyourbookformine. more [误]Thisbookismorebetterthanthatone. [正]Thisbookismuchbetterthanthatone. [析]不能用比较级来修饰比较级,而应用muchrather等来修饰比较级 [误]Moreyoureadmoreyoulearn. [正]Themoreyoureadthemoreyoulearn. [析]在越……越……的表达法中,形容词的比较级前要加定冠词请注意morethanone这个词组的后面要跟单数名词和单数谓语动词如Morethanonestudentisgoingtodoparttimejobafterschool. nomorethannotmorethan nomorethan应译为只不过、才,如Hewrotenomorethanthreebooks.即他真正写了三本书而notmorethan则意为不会多于,如Hewrotenotmorethanthreebooks.即他写的书不会多于三本又如Heisnoshorterthanyou.应译为你和他都不矮,而Heisnotshorterthanyou.才应译为他比你高 most [误]MostofstudentsaregoodatEnglish. [正]MostofthestudentsaregoodatEnglish. [正]MoststudentsaregoodatEnglish. [析]mostof这一结构后面的名词前一定要有一个限定词 [误]Myfriendsaremostteachers. [正]Myfriendsaremostlyteachers. [析]mostly意为大部分的,主要的 much [误]Theboywasasleepverymuch. [正]Theboywasfastasleep. [析]不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰,如fastasleep意为熟睡,则是固定搭配像interestingexcitingsurprising这些形容词化的现在分词,以及tiredinterested这些形容词化的过去分词则要用very来修饰 must [误]Hemustbeintheofficeandmustntgohome. [正]Hemustbeintheofficeandcantgohome. [析]must加动词原形为对事情的肯定推测,而否定的推测则要用cant加动词原形 [误]Itmusthaverainednow. [正]Itmusthaverainedyesterday. [析]must+have+过去分词为对过去发生事情的推测这句话应译为昨天一定是下雨了又如Imustgoandcallhim.Hemusthaveforgottenit. musthaveto must用来表示说话者觉得某件事有必要去做,如Imuststopsmoking.其意为我自己认为我要戒烟;而haveto则多用来表达由于来自外界的因素而不得不去做的事,如Ihavetogotoschooltomorrow.must无过去式,当用在讲过去某件必须要做的事时要用hadto如WhenIwasyoungIhadtogotothefactory.在否定句中mustnt意为一定不要做某事,如YoumustnttellthistoTom.而haventto则多意为没有必要去做,如YoudonthavetotellthistoTom.而英语中多用neednt来取代haventto. myself [误]Icantplaypingpongmyself. [正]Icantplaypingpongbymyself.[析]第一句并无语法错误,myself为我亲自要去,而bymyself为独自一人这句话要表达的意思是我一个人无法打乒乓球而Iwanttoplaypingpongmyself.应译为我自己想去打乒乓球 2011中考英语考前错题本(o字母篇)oclock [误]Itstenpastfiveoclock. [正]Itstenpastfive. [析]oclock所表达的时间是正点,如果要表达的时间是几点几分或差几分几点都不能用oclock. once [误]Pleasecomeandseemeonce. [正]Pleasecomeandseemeoneday. [析]once用来谈论过去的事情,而不能谈论未来如果要谈及未来要用onedaysometime等 [误]ImethimonetimewhenIwasastudent. [正]ImethimoncewhenIwasastudent. [析]英语中一次应用once而不用onetime,二次要用twice而不用twotimes. one [误]Mygrandfatherwantstoliveforhundredyears. [正]Mygrandfatherwantstoliveforonehundredyears. [误]Hethrewawaytheolddictionaryandwantedtobuynewone. [正]Hethrewawaytheolddictionaryandwantedtobuyanewone. [误]Hisdogisbiggerthanmyone. [正]Hisdogisbiggerthanmine. [析]一般物主代词之后不用one,除非one前有修饰词,如myoldone,否则要用名词性物主代词 [误]Oneoftheteacherisintheoffice. [误]Oneoftheteachersareintheoffice. [正]Oneoftheteachersisintheoffice. [析]One是句子的主语,其谓语动词应用单数,而of后面的名词要用复数名词 [误]Onethirdofthebooksissenttothestudents. [正]Onethirdofthebooksaresenttothestudents. [析]几分之几或百分之几这一结构用在主语位置,其谓语动词要与of后面的名词一致,如Twothirdsoftheworkisdone. open [误]Arethebanksopenedtoday [正]Arethebanksopentoday [析]要注意open即可用作动词、名词,还可以用作形容词,而close则不同请看Arethebanksclosedtoday这一句是正确的 or [误]Hedoesntdrinkandsmoke. [正]Hedoesntdrinkorsmoke. [析]否定句中的并列连词要用or而不用and. [误]Heneitherdrinksorsmokes. [正]Heneitherdrinksnorsmokes.other[误]Wherearetheothersstudents [正]Wherearetheotherstudents [正]Wherearetheothers [析]other作形容词时没有复数形式,且作为泛指讲时没有定冠词,如Asksomeothereople.而加定冠词后为特指theother可在句中作主语、宾语或定语,如Nowletmeshowyoutheother.宾语Hehastwosons.Oneisaworkertheotherisateacher.主语others只能作代词,而theothers则为特指,如Therearefivebooks.Twoofthemarenotgood.Iliketheothers. out [误]Shewentouttheclassroomtakingadictionarywithher. [正]Shewentoutoftheclassroomtakingadictionarywithher. [析]outof是指从……里出来,使用时不要将of丢掉2011中考英语考前错题本(P字母篇)paper[误]Pleasegivemetwoletterpapers.[正]Pleasegivemetwosheetsofletterpaper.[析]paper作为纸讲为不可数名词[误]Eachstudentmustwritepaperonwhathelearned.[正]Eachstudentmustwriteapaperonwhathelearned.[析]这里的paper作为论文讲,是可数名词paper的这种用法还可以用于证件、报纸、考卷等parent[误]MyparentsandIarebothinterestedinfootball.[正]MyparentsandIareallinterestedinfootball.[析]parents即为父母、双亲,指两个人,加上自己为三个人,所以只能用all而不能用both.pass[误]Theshippastedthechannel.[正]Theshippassedthechannel.[析]pass为动词,而past则为副词,不要混淆,如Myfatherhasbeenillforthepasttwoweeks.Allthestudentspassedtheexam.pay[误]PleasehelpmedothisjobandIwillpayforyoulater.[正]PleasehelpmedothisjobandIwillpayyoulater.[析]为某工作付给工人工资应为paysomebody而payforsomething是为某物付款,如Youcanbuyallthethingsyouwant.Illpayforthose.people[误]Therearefivehundredpeopleshere.[正]Therearefivehundredpeoplehere.[误]Thereisonlyonepeople.[正]Thereisonlyoneperson.[误]Peoplethereisfriendly.[正]Peopletherearefriendly.[析]people作为人讲时为复数名词,如要讲一个人应用oneperson而不能用people讲若干人时用people而不能加s,这样的用法还有police警察等,这些概念用单数时要换其他的词.如people-aperson;police-policemanpolicewoman;youth-ayoungman/woman.picture[误]Therearesomespotsinthepicture.[正]Therearesomespotsonthepicture.[误]Thereisayoungwomanonthepicture.[正]Thereisayoungwomaninthepicture.[析]指溅落在画面上的灰尘,污物是onthepicture,即讲与画面内容无关的东西用on,而inthepicture用于讲画面的内容pity[误]Whatpitythathermothermustalwayssuffer![正]Whatapitythathermothermustalwayssuffer![析]pity作为遗憾之事讲常加不定冠词;但要注意作为同情、怜悯讲则不加冠词,为不可数名词,如Ifeelpityforyou.它还可以用作动词,如Hepitiedthepoorpeople.[误]Ihavepityforyou.[正]Ihavepityonyou.[析]可怜某人时应用havetakepityonsomebody,这是个惯用法place[误]LastyearhewenttoAmerica.Hetravelledfromplacetoanother.[正]LastyearhewenttoAmerica.Hetravelledfromplacetoplacefromoneplacetoanother.[析]到处译为英文时为fromplacetoplace请不要在place之前加冠词这种用法在有些语法书中叫作零冠词用法,如一户挨一户为doorbydoor,手拉手为handinhand.[误]Theaccidentwastakenplaceinthatstreet.[正]Theaccidenttookplaceinthatstreet.[析]takeplace为发生,它不能用于被动态,这样的词还有happen等[误]Thereisnoplaceinthebus.[正]Thereisnoroominthebus.[析]room这里为不可数名词,意为空间,即没有地方了place多指场所所在之地[误]IcameheretotakeplaceofMrSmith.[正]IcameheretotaketheplaceofMrSmith.[析]taketheplaceof意为代替、取代某人某事play[误]Doyouwanttoplayguitar[正]Doyouwanttoplaytheguitar[误]Iliketoplaythebridge.[正]Iliketoplaybridge桥牌.[析]play作为玩讲时,在各种乐器前要加冠词,在各种体育运动前则没有冠词please[误]Myfriendpleasedmetohisbirthdaypartyyesterday.[正]Myfriendinvitedmetohisbirthdaypartyyesterday.[析]please作为动词时其词义不是请,而是高兴、愿意等意,如Shealwaysdoeswhatshepleases.她总是想做什么就做什么又如Itshardtopleaseall.而please作为请讲时为语气词,多用于祈使句中,如Pleasecomein.[误]Boththeteacherandthemotherwerepleasedtothelittlegirl.[正]Boththeteacherandthemotherwerepleasedwiththelittlegirl.[析]对某人表示满意、喜欢,应用bepleasedwithsomebody.对某事感到高兴和满意时多用bepleasedat或about,但有时也可用with,却不能用of.pleasure[误]Theboygavehisparentsalotofpleasures.[正]Theboygavehisparentsalotofpleasure.[析]pleasure作为高兴、愉快、享乐、娱乐讲时为不可数名词[误]Itispleasuretoworkwithyou.[正]Itisapleasuretoworkwithyou.[析]pleasure作为一件或某件乐事、高兴之事讲时为可数名词,如Itisoneofmypleasures.police[误]Thepolicehasnotfoundthecauseoftheaccident.[正]Thepolicehavenotfoundthecauseoftheaccident.[析]police为复数名词,它没有单数形式如果要讲一个警察要用apoliceman,两个要用twopolicemen,或apolicewomantwopolicewomen.prepare[误]Impreparingtheexam.[正]Impreparingfortheexam.[误]Wellreturnintimeforyoutopreparefordinner.[正]Wellreturnintimeforyoutopreparedinner.[析]prepare既是及物动词,又是不及物动词作及物动词时其后面所跟的事物是正在准备的;而作不及物动词时for后面的事物是目标如Impreparingfortheexam.应译为我正在为考试做准备同样的用法还有search与searchfor.present[误]Dontworry.Icanpresentthemeeting.[正]Dontworry.Icanbepresentatthemeeting.[析]present作为出席、在场讲时,是形容词而不应用作动词其动词意为送给;赠给;提出,如Thereporterpresentedargumentsofhisidea.put[误]Sheputoffherreddressandputonthegreenone.[正]Shetookoffherreddressandputonthegreenone.[析]与put连用的介词很多,一般来讲on与off是一对相反的意义的介词,如turnon打开,turnoff关上,穿衣服是puton,但脱衣服却只能用takeoff而putoff是推迟、使某人下车、关掉之意,如Theyputofftheexambecausethenationalholiday.因国家假日而推迟考期CouldyouputmeoffattheTownHall.请在市政厅让我下车Pleaseputoffthewirelessbeforeyouleave.走之前请关掉无线电2011中考英语考前错题本(R字母篇)radio[误]Therearetworadioesintheclassroom. [正]Therearetworadiosintheclassroom. [误]Iheardtheweatherreportthroughtheradio. [正]Iheardtheweatherreportontheradio. [析]在收音机中听到某事应为hearsomethingontheradio,听收音机应为listentotheradio.这样的用法还有电视,看电视为watchTV,讲在电视上看见什么节目为watch…onTV,如ImwatchingthefootballmatchonTV.但注意,作为一种通信手段时应为byradio如Policearetalkingtoeachotherbyradio.rain [误]Thereisasmallrainfalling. [正]Thereisalightrainfalling. [误]Thereisabigrain. [正]Thereisaheavyrain. [析]大雨在英文中应为aheavyrainraincatsanddogs为倾盆大雨,小雨为alightrain.千万不要讲abigrain或asmallrain.当作动词讲时,雨下得很大可译为Itrainsverymuchnow/hardnow/heavilynow. reach [误]Wereachedtothetownverylate. [正]Wereachedthetownverylate. [析]reach作为到达讲是及物动词,而arrive为不及物动词但要注意reach的词组搭配,如reachfor,为伸手去拿,如Thethiefreachedforthegun.reachout伸出手,如Hereachedoutandtookaninterestingbook. ready [误]Youmustreadyatonce. [正]Youmustbereadyatonce. [析]ready为形容词,而不像中文中准备为动词 remember [误]Ididntrememberclosingthedoorsothethiefcameintotheroomdirectly. [正]Ididntremembertoclosethedoorsothethiefcameintotheroomdirectly. [析]remember其后接动名词,动名词所表示的动作已经做完,如Idontremembermeetingyou.其后如接不定式,不定式表达的动作还没有去做,如Doremembertoturnoffthelightbeforeyouleave. rest [误]Therestofthestudentsisgirls. [正]Therestofthestudentsaregirls. [析]rest作剩余部分讲时,therestof…结构作主语时其谓语动词应与of后面的名词的数保持一致这种用法还有1/3of80%of等 [误]Therestoftheworkaredone. [正]Therestoftheworkisdone. return [误]Myfriendsreturnedbacktotheirsecondhometown. [正]Myfriendsreturnedtotheirsecondhometown. [析]return即为返回,所以back是多余的这句话还可以表述为Myfriendswentbacktotheirsecondhometown. rice [误]Wehadafewriceandsomebread. [正]Wehadalittlericeandsomebread. [析]rice为物质名词,为不可数名词 rice [误]Wehadafewriceandsomebread. [正]Wehadalittlericeandsomebread. [析]rice为物质名词,为不可数名词 rich [误]Thecountryisrichofoil. [正]Thecountryisrichinoil. [析]berichin为盛产…… [误]Therichisnotalwayshappy. [正]Thericharenotalwayshappy. [析]形容词加定冠词表示一类人,作主语时要作复数看待 [误]Allhisrichesisnogoodtohimifheissoill. [正]Allhisrichesarenogoodtohimifheissoill. [析]riches为财富,是复数名词,没有单数形式像这样的词还有goods货物,greens青菜,manners礼貌等 river [误]Welikeswimmingontheriver. [正]Welikeswimmingintheriver. [误]Welikeboatingintheriver. [正]Welikeboatingontheriver. [析]游泳用intheriver,而在湖中划船要用ontheriver. room [误]Therearealreadythreepeoplesittingonthesofapleasetrytomakearoomforher. [正]Therearealreadythreepeoplesittingonthesofapleasetrytomakeroomforher. [析]room作为空间讲时为不可数名词leaveroomfor…为给某人留点空地;makeroomfor…为让位给某人,如Theyoungmanmaderoomforanoldwoman. run [误]Iranacrosswithanoldfriendattheschoolgate. [正]Iranacrossanoldfriendattheschoolgate. [析]runacross为偶然相遇 [误]Thetruckranacrossthecat. [正]Thetruckranoverthecat. [析]runover为从……上辗过 [误]YesterdayIrantoastormonmywayhome. [正]YesterdayIranintoastormonmywayhome. [析]runinto为撞上或撞在……上2011中考英语考前错题本(s字母篇)safe [误]Thebravemansafedtheboyfromdrowning. [正]Thebravemansavedtheboyfromdrowning. [析]safe是形容词,如Theywishedhimasafejourney.safely是副词,如Theyoungmandriveshiscarsafely.而safety是名词,如safetyisland安全岛,Safetyfirst!安全第一!但save是动词 same [误]YesterdayIgotapostcard.Itisthesamethatyougotthedaybeforeyesterday. [正]YesterdayIgotapostcard.Itisthesameasyougotthedaybeforeyesterday. [析]thesamethat意为即是,而thesameas才能译为像……一样的 [误]Yourbookisnotsameasmine. [正]Yourbookisnotthesameasmine. [析]thesameas中的定冠词不能少 say [误]Hisreportwrotesheisnineteen. [正]Hisreportsayssheisnineteen. [析]中文中常讲报告上写到、信上写到,这样的写在英文中要用say. sayspeaktalktell 英文中说一般有四个词,其中say和tell为及物动词tell可以加双宾语,如Pleasetellmeastory.而speak与talk为不及物动词speak只有后面直接加语言时才是及物的,如PleasespeakEnglish.请看下句Hewentontalkingforalongtimebuthespokesofastthatfewofuscouldcatchwhathesaid. sea [误]Asaboyhisgreatambition抱负wastogotothesea. [正]Asaboyhisgreatambitionwastogotosea. [析]gotosea为去当水手、海员;而gotothesea=gototheseaside如Hewanttogototheseaforhisvacation. 在海中游泳为inthesea;atsea为在海上航行,如Ihaveabrotheratsea.bysea为坐船、由海路运输,如WetravelledtoNewYorkbysea. second [误]Iwanttolearnthesecondforeignlanguage. [正]Iwanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage. [析]当作为第二外语,再增加一个时,不要用thesecond而要用asecond.thesecond强调排队的次序,asecond强调再增加一个 see [误]Hewasseenleavetheroom. [正]Hewasseentoleavetheroom. [析]see作主动态时用作toseesomebodydosomething而用作被动态时则是somebodytobeseentodosomething.要注意惯用法letmesee让我想想 sheep [误]Therearefivesheepsonthegrass. [正]Therearefivesheeponthegrass. [析]sheep是单、复数同形名词,其他的还有deer鹿,fish鱼等 ship [误]Itravelledonayacht. [正]Itravelledonashipinayacht. [析]虽然都是船,但游艇yacht要用in而ship要用on. sick [误]Thelittleboywasaillboy. [正]Thelittleboywasasickboy. [析]sick与ill作表语时都表示有病之意,如Hefeelsill.或Hefeelssick.都对,但作定语时则只能用sick. since [误]HeislivinginGreecesince
1978. [正]HehaslivedinGreecesince
1978. [正]HehasbeenlivinginGreecesince
1978. [析] 由since引出的状语从句意为自从某时一直如何,主句要用完成时或完成进行时 [误]ShehasbeenquitedifferentsincecamebackfromAmerica. [正]ShehasbeenquitedifferentsincecomingbackfromAmerica. [析]分词短语可以用在afterbeforesince等介词后面 sleep [误]Theboywasveryasleep. [正]Theboywasfastasleep. [析]熟睡在英文中为fastasleep.非正式英语中一般不常用Hessleeping.而常讲Hesasleep.其形容词sleepy是困倦的,如Ishallgotobednow.Imsosleepy.卧铺英国人讲sleepingcar,而美国人讲sleeper. slow [误]Slowthedooropened. [正]Slowlythedooropened. [析]slow与slowly的用法与意思相同,在口语中和路标中多用slow,如Tellhimtodriveslower.Slowdangerousbend.但是如果用在动词前还是要用slowly. smile [误]Shesmiledtome. [正]Shesmiledatme. [析]冲着某人笑应为tosmileatsomebody. so [误]Itissuchbeautifulabookthateverychildlikesit. [正]Itissuchabeautifulbookthateverychildlikesit. [正]Itissobeautifulabookthateverychildlikesit. [析]关于so与such用法的区别有四种情况
①用于单数可数名词之前,其格式为such+不定冠词+形容词+名词,而so+形容词+不定冠词
②用于可数名词复数或不可数名词前,只能用such,如Itissuchgoodweatherthatwewanttogoforawalk.Theyaresuchgoodstudentsthattheycanpasstheexameasily.
③在只有形容词时只能用so,如ItissogoodthatIlikeitverymuch.
④在manymuchfewlittle这四个词前只能用so而不能用such如IhavesolittlemoneythatIcantbuythedictionary. [误]Hegotupearlysoashecouldcatchthefirstbus. [正]Hegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus. [正]Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus. [正]Hegotupsoearlythathecouldcatchthefirstbus. some [误]Doyouhavesomelessonetoprepare [正]Doyouhaveanylessonstoprepare [析]在疑问句或否定句中要用any;some多用在肯定句中,如Ihavesomemoneytobuyit. 在请求,或真心希望得到肯定答复时,在疑问句中也要用some,如Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink即真心实意希望为对方提供饮料又如Couldyoulendmesomemoney即真心想要借到钱 sometime [误]IhavesometimethoughtthatIshouldliketoliveinthecountry. [正]IhavesometimesthoughtthatIshouldliketoliveinthecountry. sometimesometimessometimessometime sometime为某个时候、总有一天,如Wellmeetagainsometimenextyear.或过去的某一时刻,如IsawhersometimeinJuly.sometimes为有时候、时常、常常,如Everymanisafoolsometimesandnoneatalltimes.Sometimes为若干次,如IvisitedAmericasometimes.Maybefiveorseventimes.Iamnotsure.Sometime则是一段时间、一些时候,如Iwanttoleavesometime. soon [误]Theroomassoonasbecamecrowded. [正]Theroomsoonbecamecrowded. [析]soon为不久、很快,如Illbethereverysoon.而assoonas意为一……就……,如AssoonasIfinishedmyhomeworkIwentouttoplayfootball. sound [误]Thereportsoundswell. [正]Thereportsoundsgood. [析]sound作动词时其后接形容词而不接副词,如Howsweetthemusicsounds! sport [误]Areyougoingtorunintheschoolsprot [正]Areyougoingtorunintheschoolsprots [析]sport用作可数名词单数时指具体的某项运动,如Basketballisanindoorsport.而在泛指运动或运动会时要用其复数形式sports. spring [误]IllvisitAmericainthisspring. [正]IllvisitAmericainspring. [正]IllvisitAmericathisspring. [析]英语一年四季前如果有thatthislastnext等词,则其前面不要再加介词这样的用法还有周、月、年等请看下面句子中的用法有何不同Hetoldmethatshediditonthenextday.这时是指过去某一天的第二天,所以才有这种用法如果以现在为时间基点的第二天应为Illdoitnextday. start [误]WhattimewillyoustarttoSanFrancisco [正]WhattimewillyoustartforSanFrancisco [析]start与leave一样,其后接for+目的地 beginstart begin与start在很多场合下是一样的意思,如Westarted/begantostudyEnglishtwoyearsago.但在如下场合则不能用begin:
①作为启程讲,如Ithinkweoughttostartatsix.
②表示开始工作,如Thecarwontstart.车子发动不起来
③作为开动、启动讲,如Doyouknowhowtostartthismachine. still [误]Ohitisstillrainingnow. [正]Ohitisstillraining. [析]因still即包含有现在仍然如何,所以now是多余词 stillyetalready still一般与动词连用,可放于句子中间用以说明过去开始的动作现在仍然在继续,特别用来表示我们希望它早点停止如IvebeenthinkingforhoursbutIstillcantdecide.yet一般放于句末,用在疑问句与否定句中如Hasthepostmancomeyetalready则与动词连用,可放于句中表示某事的发生比预期的要早,如Ivealreadyfinishedmyhomework. stop [误]Whentheteachercameintotheclassroomthestudentsstoppedtotalk. [正]Whentheteachercameintotheclassroomthestudentsstoppedtalking. [析]stoptodosomething是停下来去做某事,而stopdoingsomething是停止做某事 street [误]Thereisanarrowwindingstreetfromourvillagetothenextone. [正]Thereisanarrowwindingroadfromourvillagetothenextone. [析]street一般指城市中两旁有建筑物的街道,而road多指乡间的路 strict [误]Yououghttobestricttohim. [正]Yououghttobestrictwithhim. [析]bestrictwith是对……严格的 such [误]Doyouwanttohavesuchadictionary [正]Doyouwanttohavesuchagooddictionary [正]Doyouwanttohaveadictionarylikethat [析]such作加强语气时一般是such+冠词形容词+名词,如Itssuchagoodbook.但如果名词前没有形容词则要看其名词是否具有能显示程度的含意,如Ivegotsuchaheadache.Youaresuchfools!否则在such与名词之间一定要有形容词 sure [误]Iamquitesureforthatanswer. [正]Iamquitesureofthatanswer. [析]sure用于句中表示对……事有确实把握时应跟of或about,而不跟for,如Imsureaboutofhisabilitytocontrolthismachine. sweet [误]Honeytastessweetly. [正]Honeytastessweet. [析]sweet可以作为名词,意为糖果,是可数名词,如MayIhaveasweet作形容词,如Thechildlookedverysweet.而sweetly为副词,意为甜美地、悦耳地要注意taste为感观动词,其后面要接形容词而不是副词2011中考英语考前错题本(T字母篇)take [误]ThisyearIwanttotakethedriverslicense. [正]ThisyearIwanttogetthedriverslicense. [析]take可以作为动词,意为拿、取,如Iwanttotakemymail.而要获得某种证书、证明,要用get而不用take,take在学校范围内意为参加或选修某些课程,如ThistermIwanttotakebothFrenchandSpanish. [误]Theaccidentwastakenplaceatthestreetcorner. [正]Theaccidenttookplaceatthestreetcorner. [析]takeplace与happen一样作为发生讲时没有被动语态 [误]Doyoutakemeasafool [正]Doyoutakemeforafool [析]take…for…意为以为是……、错当作……、误认为,而这一意思还可以用于Itookyoutobethebestfriend.我把你认作是最好的朋友 [误]MyEnglishteacherwasill.Whowilltakeplaceher [正]MyEnglishteacherwasill.Whowilltaketheplaceofher [析]taketheplaceof…意为取代 talk [误]YesterdayImetanoldfriend.Wetalkedmanythings. [正]YesterdayImetanoldfriend.Wetakedaboutmanythings. [析]talk是不及物动词 team[误]Ourteamlikesseeingfilm. [正]Ourteamlikeseeingfilm. [析]team与family,class等词一样,指整体时为单数名词如Ourteamisexcellent而指集体中的个体时要用作复数 than [误]Theymadefewermistakesthistermthantheymadelastlerm. [正]Theymadefewermistakesthistermthantheydidlastlerm. [析]当一个动作在同一个句子中重复时,第二次要用do来代替,以避免重复 [误]YoumakemedomorethenanybodyIknow. [正]YoumakemedomorethananybodyIknow. [误]Igotintotherestroomthansomeoneknockedatthedoor. [正]Igotintotherestroomthensomeoneknockedatthedoor. [析]than与then不要误用 then [误]WewenttothecinemathenwenttoaChineserestaurant. [正]WewenttothecinemaandthenwenttoaChineserestaurant. [正]Wewenttothecinema;thenwenttoaChineserestaurant. [析]then作然后讲时,在then前应加分号而不用逗号,或加逗号用andthen,但是如果是倒装句则要用逗号,如FirstcomeTomthenMary. think [误]Ithinkyouarenotright. [正]Idontthinkyouareright. [析]think在肯定句中与中文的习惯用法是一致的,如Ithinkyouareright.但在宾语从句是否定意思时,要否定think,如Idontthinkyouareright. [误]IthinkhewillcomeheredoI [正]Ithinkhewillcomeherewonthe [析]think加宾语从句时,反意疑问句的主语应用宾语从句中的主语,助动词要用宾语从句中的助动词,而肯定还是否定要看主句中的情况决定如主句用肯定句,则反意疑问句用否定句,反之亦然 [误]Peoplethinkveryhighofhiswork. [正]Peoplethinkveryhighlyofhiswork. [析]thinkhighlyof为对某人某事评价很高 [误]WhenwetalkaboutChinesepeoplewealwaysthinktheYellowRiver. [正]WhenwetalkaboutChinesepeoplewealwaysthinkabouttheYellowRiver. [析]thinkabout意为想起、想到 thousand [误]Hegotthousandofbooksfromasecondhandbookshop. [正]Hegotthousandsofbooksfromasecondhandbookshop. [析]虽然twothousandthreethousand在thousand后都不加s,但thousandsof则为数千,该结构中一定要加s through [误]IhadalongdistancecallwithJohnthroughtthetelephone. [正]IhadalongdistancecallwithJohnonthetelephone. [误]Ittookustwohourstowalkacrosstheforest. [正]Ittookustwohourstowalkthroughtheforest. [析]across是表示在一平面上进行的动作,而through则是用在三维空间的动作如Theriverwasfrozensowecouldwalkacrossit.Ipushedthroughthecrowdstotheentrance. throw [误]Hethrewastonetome. [正]Hethrewastoneatme. [析]扔这个词表示方向时要注意他向我扔石头是atme,我向他扔石头则为tohim,但throwat还有寻衅之意,如Stopthrowingstonesatthecars.这时不要误用to. time [误]Thedoctorcameontimesoshewassaved. [正]Thedoctorcameintimesoshewassaved. [析]intime为及时赶到,如Doyouthinkwecangetthereintimeforthefirstact.而ontime意为准时,如Thetrainarrivedontime. [误]Itistimewegohome. [正]Itistimeweshouldgohome. [正]Itistimewewenthome. [析]是该作某事的时候了,其句形为
①Itistimeforsomebodytodosomething.
②Itistime+从句,从句中用should+动词原形,或直接用动词的过去式 [误]Letshurry.Wehaventmanytimes. [正]Letshurry.Wehaventmuchtime. [误]IhavebeentoAmericatwotimes. [正]IhavebeentoAmericatwice. [析]time作为时间讲时为不可数名词,而作为次讲时则是可数名词但一次不是onetime,而是once;二次不是twotimes,而是twice;三次则是threetimes. too [误]Thisboxistooheavytoliftit. [正]Thisboxistooheavytolift. [析]在too…to这一结构中,如果主语和不定式的宾语是一致的,则不要重复 [误]Thechildistooyoungnottogotoschool. [正]Thechildistooyoungtogotoschool. [析]too…to这一结构用来表示太……以致于不能……,但下面的句子则不能照此翻译Imtoogladtomeetyou.应译为我见到你真太高兴了 [误]Thereismuchtoonoise. [正]Thereistoomuchnoise. [析]muchtoo+形容词,而toomuch+不可数名词 [误]Youhaveboughttoomuchtomatoes. [正]Youhaveboughttoomanytomatoes. [析]toomany后才加可数名词 alsoaswelltoo 这三个词是近义词,但其用法各有不同其一,too和aswell通常用于句末,如Shewenttothecinemaandherbrotherwenttoo.而also则不用于句末,如Ivealsoreadherothernovels.其二,这三个词都不用于否定句中,否定句中用not…either,或neither/nor…如Heisnthereeither. trousers [误]Mytrouserisgettingsmallerandsmaller. [正]Mytrousersaregettingsmallerandsmaller. [析]英语中trouserspantsshorts短裤,glasses眼镜都要用复数形式 [误]Thispairofglassesareverygood. [正]Thispairofglassesisverygood. [析]有了量词apairof,其后的谓语动词要与量词相一致如twopairsof…的谓语动词就要用复数 try [误]Itriedtosendherflowersbutitdidnthaveanyeffect. [正]Itriedsendingherflowersbutitdidnthaveanyeffect.我试着给她送花,但没有什么结果 [误]Pleasetryunderstandingit. [正]Pleasetrytounderstandit. [析]try+动名词的意思是试一试,或做某事看看会发生什么情况,而try+不定式表示为达到目的要去做的事2011中考英语考前错题本(U字母篇)under [误]Thelakeistwometersundersealevel. [正]Thelakeistwometersbelowsealevel. [析]under的意思是在某物的下面,而below=lowerthan即低于 [误]Underthehelpofourteacherallofuspassedtheexam. [正]Withthehelpofourteacherallofuspassedtheexam. understand [误]Ithinkitisdiffculttomakemyselftounderstand. [正]Ithinkitisdiffculttomakemyselfunderstood. [析]这句话的意思是我想让别人理解我太难了 [误]Iamunderstandingthelessonnow. [正]Iunderstandthelessonnow. [析]understand一词没有进行时态类似的词还有belongfindhearlovelike等 until [误]Wewalkeduntiltheedgeoftheforest. [正]Wewalkedasfarastheedgeoftheforest. [误]Ourschoolbuscanholduntiltwentychildren. [正]Ourschoolbuscanholduptotwentychildren. [析]until与till两词的意思一样,但两个词都只能用于时间,如IllwaituntilIhearfromyou. [误]Iwaitedformymothertosevenoclockbutshedidntcome. [正]Iwaitedformymotheruntilsevenoclockbutshedidntcome. [误]CanyoureturnthisbookuntilMonday [正]CanyoureturnthisbookbyMonday [析]当我们谈目前正在进行而将来某一时刻才停止的事件时用until,而用by来表达将来某一时刻会发生的动作 [误]Wearrivedhomeuntilitbecamedark. [正]Wedidntarrivedhomeuntilitbecamedark. [析]until用于肯定句时表示某动作直到……为止,如Theyworkeduntil5∶00P.M.用于否定句中时意为直到……才所以用于肯定句中要使用延续性动词,但截止性动词却可以用在否定句中 upstairs [误]Hewenttoupstairs. [正]Hewentupstairs. [析]upstairs一词可用作副词,如Weallhurriedupstairstoseewhathappened.也可用作名词,如;Theupstairsofthehouseneedspainting.同时也可以用作形容词,如Ahousewiththreeupstairsroomsisquitegood. use [误]Itisnousetoaskher. [正]Itisnouseaskingher. [析]Itisnouse…与Thereisnouse…后通常用动名词,而不用不定式 [误]Illgetusedtotreatthestudentsthisway. [正]Illgetusedtotreatingthestudentsthisway. [析]beusedto与getusedto后要接动名词表示习惯于做某事 [误]Iusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning. [正]Iusedtogetupearlyinthemorning. [析]usedto表示过去习惯的动作,其后要加动词原形 [误]Oilwasusedtocooking. [正]Oilwasusedtocook. [析]这里的句型虽然也是beusedto但这里不是主动态,而是被动态,所以不能接动名词而应接不定式 [误]WeusedtogototheGreatWallthreetimes. [正]WewenttotheGreatWallthreetimes. [析]usedto只能用来表示一种习惯,而不能用来表达某事发生的次数2011中考英语考前错题本(V字母篇)very [误]Thankyouindeed. [正]Thankyouverymuchindeed. [析]indeed用来修饰verymuch但要放其后面,而且也不要单独使用 [误]Thebabywasveryasleep. [正]Thebabywasfastasleep. [析]不是所有的形容词都可以用very来修饰,如Imwideawake.我全醒了再如allalone十分孤独,muchafraid等 [误]Thethingseemstobeveryimproved. [正]Thethingseemstobemuchimproved. [析]有些语法书讲very修饰现在分词,而much修饰过去分词,这要分别对待如果过去分词是指一个具体的动作,而且是句中主要动词的一部分就必须用much,而某些形容词化的过去分词,还是要用very来修饰的,如Iamverytired. [误]Thereisverylesswaterintheriverthanusual. [正]Thereismuch/farlesswaterintheriverthanusual. [析]very不能修饰形容词或副词的比较级,而要用farmuch等来修饰http://www.canpoint.cn/2011中考英语考前错题本(W/Y字母篇)wait [误]TomorrowIwillwaityouatthebusstop. [正]TomorrowIwillwaitforyouatthebusstop. [析]wait是不及物动词,等人要用waitforsomebody;而waitup为不睡觉等候某事,如Illwaituptonight. walk [误]Ithinkshewentawalkyesterday. [正]Ithinkshewentoutforawalkyesterday. [析]散步在英文中要讲haveawalktakeawalk.如果用go要用goforawalk. want [误]Theflowerswanttowater. [正]Theflowerswantwatering. [析]want在这里作为需要讲,其后加动名词这句话的意思是这花需要浇水 [误]Doyouwantsomeonegoalongwithyou [正]Doyouwantsomeonetogoalongwithyou [析]wantsomebodytodosomething为一固定用法 wash [误]Areyougoingtomakwashingthisweekend [正]Areyougoingtodowashingthisweekend [析]dowashing为洗衣服,是固定搭配 watch [误]Yourwatchiswhattime [正]Whattimeisitbyyourwatch [析]一定要记住英文的习惯用法 [误]Themotherwanttowatchthechildrentoplayonthegrass. [正]Themotherwanttowatchthechildrenplayplayingonthegrass. [析]watch的用法同seehear等词 way [误]Pleasemovethechairitisontheway. [正]Pleasemovethechairitisintheway. [析]intheway为挡道,而ontheway为在路上,如onmywayhome在回家路上,onhiswaytothestation在他去火车站的路上而bytheway是顺便说,如BythewayhaveyouheardfromJoanrecently [误]Thestudentswereontheirwaytohome. [正]Thestudentswereontheirwayhome. [析]home在这里为副词 wear [误]Thelittlegirlisoldenoughtowearherself. [正]Thelittlegirlisoldenoughtodressherself. [析]wear后接衣物而不接反身代词 what [误]Iwanttoknowwhattodoit [正]Iwanttoknowwhattodo[误]Iwanttoknowhowtodo [正]Iwanttoknowhowtodoit [析]what是疑问代词,而how是疑问副词要注意它们用法的不同 when [误]Idcookyounicemealwhenyoudcomehomeintheevening. [正]Idcookyounicemealwhenyoucamehomeintheevening. [析]在when引导的状语从句中,要用一般时表示将来,即主句中是将来时,从句中应用一般现在时,如主句中是过去将来时,从句中应用一般过去时如Illbebackwhenyoucomebackfromschool. [误]Wheninthesecondgradehismotherboughthimabike. [正]WhenTomwasinthesecondgradehismotherboughthimabike. [析]复合句中只有当主句的主语与从句的主语一致的情况下,才有可能省略,如Whenyounghehadtoworkallday. [误]Wellgototheparkwhenitdoesntraintomorrow. [正]Wellgototheparkifitdoesntraintomorrow. [析]if用来表示不能肯定的事如果发生会如何;而when用来表示肯定会发生或很可能会发生的事情,如IllseeyouinSeptemberwhenIcomeback.[误]Idontknowwhenhecomeshometomorrow. [正]Idontknowwhenhewillcomehometomorrow. [析]when所引出的宾语从句如果是表示将来的动作要用将来时,而不是像时间状语从句中用一般时表示将来 where [误]Idontknowwheretogoto. [正]Idontknowwheretogo. [析]where是疑问副词 whether [误]Itisunknownifhewillcome. [正]Itisunknownwhetherhewillcome. [析]if不能引导主语从句上句中it是形式主语,其后的从句才是真正的主语从句要注意以下各种情况不宜用if而要用whether:
①Ididntknowwhetheryoullgoornot.因句中有ornot选项
②Hedidntknowwhethertovisittheoldman.因用于不定式前
③Iminterestedinwhetherhellgo.因作介词的宾语从句
④Iwanttoknowthenewswhetherourteamwillwin.同位语从句
⑤Letmeknowwhetheryoucancome.此句如用if则含意有所不同,其意就变为如果你能来请通知我而用whether则意为让我知道你是否能来 who [误]Whomdoyouthinkwouldliketocomeforagameoffootball [正]Whodoyouthinkwouldliketocomeforagameoffootball [析]在这个句式中doyouthink应看作插入语,所以原句应为Whowouldliketocomeforagameoffootball [误]Fromwhowasthegift [正]Fromwhomwasthegift [正]Whowasthatgiftfrom [析]在句首时现代英语常用who取代whom,而在紧跟介词时则不能用who来取代whom. why [误]Whynottogotothepark [正]Whynotgotothepark [析]whynot后面接不带to的不定式,也可以用whydontyougowithher win [误]Wehavewonyourclass. [正]Wehavebeatenyourclass. [析]win是及物动词,其后的宾语应是比赛、战争、奖品、奖金,如Whichteamwonthefootballmatch而beat是指打败对手、敌人,如Mybrotherbeatmeatpoker.请注意,beat是不规则动词,其过去式与原形相同,而过去分词为beaten. wish [误]Ihopeyoutobeagoodstudent. [正]Iwishyoutobeagoodstudent. [析]hope不能加宾语再加宾语补足语,而wish则可以,如Iwishyouluck.我祝你走运 without [误]Icantdothisworkwellwithoutyouhelpme. [正]Icantdothisworkwellwithoutyourhelp. [析]without其后接动名词或名词而不接从句 work [误]Thisgirlislookingforaworkatthebank. [正]Thisgirlislookingforajobatthebank. [析]找工作一般应为tofindajob,而works作为工作讲为不可数名词,不能加不定冠词,也不可用复数当work作为作品、著作讲时,为可数名词,如Thispaintingisoneofhisgreatworks.而works作为工厂讲时单复数形式相同,如anironworks或twoironworks.作主语时其谓语动词可用单数,如Thesteelworksisclosedfortheholidays. write [误]Youmaywritewithink. [正]Youmaywriteinink. [正]Youmaywritewithapen. [析]用……写这一表达法要看用的是什么如果用钢笔则应用with如Pleasefillinthisformwithapen.但讲用墨水时则要用in. Y yesterday [误]Icameacrossmyoldfriendyesterdaynight. [正]Icameacrossmyoldfriendlastnight. [析]昨晚应译为lastnight.。