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Traveljournal-知识点复习学案核心单词
1.persuadevt.说服;劝服;使相信同convince常用结构persuadesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.intodoingsth.说服某人做某事persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不要做某事persuadesb.that-clause使某人相信……联想拓展talksb.into/outofdoingsth.=reasonsb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事tricksb.into/outofdoingsth.诱使某人做/不做某事urgesb.into/outofdoingsth.怂恿某人做/不做某事易混辨析advise/persuadeadvise强调“劝告,建议”的动作,不注重结果;而persuade强调“已经说服”,重在结果用法上advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语,也可以接that-clause(thatsb.shoulddo)而persuade则不能Ipersuadedhimofitstruth.我使他相信这是真的Wewillpersuadehimtotakethemedicine.我们将说服他把药吃下去Wepersuadedherintotakingthejob.我们说服她接受了这份工作Ipersuadedmyfatheroutofsmoking.我劝服父亲戒了烟Shepersuadedmethatdeathdoesnotendall.她说服我相信了死并不能结束一切Hepersuadedhertogotoschooleventhoughshedidnotwantto.即使她不想去上学,他还是说服她去了Headvisedthatweshouldleaveearly.他建议我们早点出发高手过招单项填空
①Alicetrustsyou;onlyyoucanhertogiveupthefoolishidea.(2010·安徽合肥八中检测)A.suggestB.attractC.temptD.persuade
②MrLinolongersmokesnowbecausehiswifehimtogiveupsmokinglastyear.(2010·江苏常州检测题)A.suggestedB.advisedC.persuadedD.told
①解析选D句意为爱丽丝信任你,唯有你能说服她放弃这种愚蠢的想法persuadesb.todosth.说服某人做某事;suggest劝说、建议,后不接动词不定式;attract吸引;tempt诱惑,引诱,均不符题意故选D项
②解析选C考查advisesb.todosth.和persuadesb.todosth.的区别advisesb.todosth.意思是“劝某人做某事”,强调动作,尤其是表达“劝而不服”时多用此结构;persuadesb.todosth.意思是“劝服某人做某事”,强调结果
2.determinevt.使决定决心要;确定常用结构determine+n./pron.决确定determinetodosth.决定做某事表示动作,是非延续性动词短语determineon/upon...决定……determinethat/what...决定……determinesb.todosth.使某人决定做某事determinesb.againststh.使某人决定不做某事bedeterminedtodosth.决心做某事表示状态,可与表示时间段的状语连用Wedeterminetogototherailwaystationatonce.我们决定立刻去火车站Thecourtdeterminedthatthemanwasguiltyofassault.法庭裁定那个人犯了侵犯人身罪Thatdeterminedheragainstleavinghome.那件事使她决定不离开家了联想拓展determinedadj.坚决的,有决心的determinationn.决心Iwasdeterminedtomakeitasajazzmusician.我决定要成为一名爵士乐音乐家温馨提示bedeterminedtodo与determinetodo意思基本一致,但前者表示状态,可与某段时间状语连用;后者表示动作,是非延续性的动词短语类似的短语还有preparefor/bepreparedfor,worryabout/beworriedabout这类结构常考查分词作状语的用法高手过招单项填空HeleftschoolearlyandasanadolescenttomakehisfortuneinAmerica.(2010·江苏城头中学一轮检测)A.isdeterminedB.hadbedeterminedC.determinedD.determining解析选C考查determine的用法根据句意应使用bedeterminedto结构,此处determined为形容词作伴随状语
3.insistv.坚持;坚决要求Youcancomebacklaterifyouinsist.如果你一定要坚持,就稍后再来吧常用结构insiston/uponsth./sb’sdoingsth.坚持某事/要求(某人)做某事insistthat....should坚持……Istillinsistonmyviewpoint.我仍然坚持我的观点Heinsistedonpayingforthemeal.他坚持要付饭钱Motherinsistedonourwashingtheclothesbyourselves.妈妈坚决要求我们自己洗衣服温馨提示insist当“坚决要求”解时,后面的从句应用虚拟语气,即谓语部分用“should+动词原形”或直接用动词原形;如果insist当“坚持(认为;说)”解时,后面的从句不用虚拟语气高手过招单项填空
①ThemaninsistedataxiformeeventhoughItoldhimIlivednearby.(原创)A.findB.tofindC.onfindingD.infinding
②Iadvisedthathetothehospitalatoncebutheinsistedthathequitewellthen.(2010·山东寿光一中一轮检测)A.besent;wasfeelingB.wassent;feltC.besent;feelD.shouldbesent;shouldfeel
①解析选Cinsistondoingsth.是习惯搭配,意为“坚持做某事”
②解析选Aadvise引导宾语从句,从句中的谓语动词不管什么人称都应用shoulddo;should也可以省去,只用动词原形表述事实insist在此处意为“坚持认为”故选A
4.once用法较多,意思也比较丰富,既可以用作连词,也可以用作副词once用作连词时,意为“一旦……就……”,连接时间状语从句,相当于assoonasonce用作副词时,意为“曾经;一度;从前”它是一个不确定的时间副词,其位置一般是在行为动词之前,系动词之后once用作副词,也可意为“一次”Onceyoustartyouwillnevergiveup.一旦开始了,你就不要放弃Physicsiseasytolearnonceyouunderstandtherules.一旦你理解了规则,物理就不难学了OncehelivedinAmericabutnowhelivesinEngland.他曾经居住在美国,但现在他生活在英国Hissongwasonceverypopularamongtheyoungpeople.他的歌曾经在年轻人中很流行Theoldprofessorcomestoseeusonceaweek.那个老教授一周来看我们一次Tellusthestoryoncemore.把那个故事再给我们讲一遍联想拓展atonce立刻;马上onceagain再一次;又一次(相当于oncemore)allatonce突然(相当于suddenlyonceuponatime很早以前;从前onceinawhile偶尔;间或once/assoonasonce偏重于条件,而assoonas偏重于时间Onceyouseethefilmyou’dneverforgetit不宜用assoonas.你一旦看了这部电影,你就永远不会忘记它Assoonashegotofftheplanewewantedtosayhellotohim不宜用once.他一下飞机,我们就想向他打招呼高手过招单项填空
①environmentaldamageisdoneittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystem生态系统torecover.(原创)A.EvenifB.IfonlyC.WhileD.Once
②youunderstandthisruleyou’llhavenofurtherdifficulty.(2010·山东烟台质量检测)A.OnceB.UnlessC.AsD.Until
①解析选D句子为once引导的时间状语从句,意为“一旦;一……就……”句意为一旦环境遭到损害,就需要许多年才能使生态系统恢复evenif引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管”ifonly意为“要是……就好了”,引导从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气while意为“当……的时候”,引导从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词故选D
②解析选A考查由once引导的时间状语从句,意为“一旦”句意为一旦明白了这条规则,就再也没有困难了
5.viewn.风景;视野;观点;见解vt.观看;注视;考虑Thehousehasaviewoverthesea.这座房子面向大海,视野开阔Whatisyourviewonschoolpunishments你对学校的处罚有什么看法?Theplanwasviewedfavorably.这项计划是受到称赞的联想拓展inone’sview在某人看来comeintoview进入视野,看得见infullviewofsb./sth.完全看得见inviewofsth.鉴于,考虑到,由于withaviewtosth./todoingsth.为了,指望Severalpossiblebuyershavecometoviewthehouse.几个可能是买主的人来看过房子高手过招单项填空Onthetopofthismountainyoucangetawonderfulofthenearbyhills.(2010·山西太原五中检测)A.sightB.viewC.distanceD.look解析选Bgetaviewof为固定搭配,意为“看到……的景象”重点短语
6.careabout关心;担心;在乎;喜欢Ireallycareaboutmywork.我真的关心我的工作联想拓展carefor喜爱;照顾;重视takecare当心takecareof照料;关怀;处理underthecareof由……管理在……的照料下在……的保护下withcare小心慎重Shedoesn’tcareforthatcolour.她不喜欢那种颜色Hespentyearscaringforhissickmother.他数年里一直在照顾生病的母亲Idocareforwhatmyteachersays.我的确尊重老师说的话高手过招
(1)单项填空Thatoldmanissogreedy贪婪的thathenothingbutmoneynotevenhisrelatives.(原创)A.lookaboutB.searchforC.caresaboutD.takescareof
(2)完成句子(原创)
①他一点也不关心别人,只想着自己Hedoesn’tcareotherpeopleatall;heisalwaysthinkingofhimself.
②爱因斯坦对金钱不感兴趣,对薪水也不计较Einsteinwhocaredlittlemoneynevercaredhissalary.1解析选C考查短语辨析lookabout到处看;searchfor寻找,相当于lookfor;careabout关心;在乎;takecareof照料2
①about
②for;about
7.changeone’smind改变主意Maybeyou’llchangeyourmindafterthinkingitover.也许你仔细考虑之后会改变主意联想拓展makeupone’smindtodo下定决心(做某事)havea/nomindtodo有/无意做……loseone’smind失去理智readone’smind看出某人的心思speakone’smind直言不讳beofthesamemind意见一致bein/oftwominds拿不定主意giveone’smindto注意……keepone’smindon专心于……takeone’smindoffsth.转移某人的注意bear/keepsth.inmind记住某事bring/callsth.tomind回忆某事putone’smindtosth.全神贯注于某事Ihavemadeupmymindtoleaveandnothingyousaywillchangeit.我已经下定决心要离开,不管你说什么我都不会改变主意了
①I’vemadeupmymindtobeadoctor.
②Nothingwillmakemechangemymind.
8.givein屈服,让步,投降;上交联想拓展giveintosb./sth.向……让步giveupsth./doing放弃(做)某事giveaway赠送;泄露giveback归还;恢复giveoff放出,散发光、热、烟、气味等giveout分配;分发;发布;(食物,燃料,电力等)被用光;筋疲力尽Seeingthathecouldnotpersuademehehadtogiveintomyview.由于无法说服我,他不得不让步Ourfoodsupplyatlastgivesout.我们的食物终于用完了Hisstrengthgaveout.他已筋疲力尽高手过招单项填空Itisalwaysthehusbandwhofirstwhenaquarrelbreaksoutbetweentheyoungcouple.(2010·山东聊城检测)A.giveawayB.givesoutC.givesinD.givesoff解析选C考查动词短语辨析句意为当年轻夫妻之间发生争吵时,最先让步的总是丈夫giveaway赠送,泄露,出卖;giveout分发,用完,消耗尽;givein投降,屈服,让步;giveoff放出,散发出重点句型
9.Whichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse:busortrain汽车和火车,你更喜欢使用哪种交通方式?prefertodoratherthando意为“宁可;宁愿(表选择)”或者“更喜欢做某事”其本身带有likebetter的含义,所以不能再与表示程度的better或more连用联想拓展prefersth.喜欢某事/物preferdoingsth.更喜欢做某事prefer+todosth.(表示特定场合下)更喜欢做某事prefersb.todosth.宁愿某人做某事preferAtoB/preferdoingAtodoingB宁愿……而不愿……prefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A而不愿做Bprefer+that-clause虚拟语气+should+do喜欢做某事Doyouprefercookingforyourselforeatinginarestaurant你是喜欢自己做饭还是下馆子?Theirfatherprefersthemtobehomeearly.他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家Ipreferwritingatermpapertotakinganexamination.我宁愿写一篇学术论文也不愿参加考试Hepreferredtodieratherthanbecomeatraitor.他宁死也不做叛徒WouldyoupreferthatI(should)comeonMondayinsteadofonTuesday你宁愿让我星期一来而不是星期二来吗?高手过招单项填空MysistersingingdancingwhileIdancesing.(原创)A.prefers;to;wouldrather;thanB.wouldrather;than;prefer;toC.prefers;ratherthan;wouldrather;toD.wouldrather;to;prefer;to解析选A考查固定搭配prefer的搭配是prefertodoratherthando或preferdoingtodoing;wouldrather的搭配是wouldratherdothando或woulddoratherthando,因此A项正确
10.WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreatheanditwouldbeverycoldshesaiditwouldbeaninterestingexperience.当我告诉她那里空气稀薄,呼吸困难,而且天气很冷时,她却说这将是一次有趣的经历“...theairwouldbehardtobreathe...”是“主语+系动词+形容词+不定式”结构,其中不定式的谓语与主语在意义上是动宾关系,但要用主动形式表示被动意义,不定式后面如果是不及物动词要在其后加适当的介词与主语构成动宾关系这一类的形容词通常可以描绘主语的情绪、态度、品质属性或者难易程度,如harddifficulteasyniceinterestingimportantpleasant和comfortable等Yourwritingisimpossibletoread.你写的字太难辨认了Doyouthinkthewaterissafetodrink你认为这水喝起来安全吗?Thechairlooksratherhardbutitisverycomfortabletositon.这把椅子看上去很硬,但坐起来很舒服高手过招完成句子(原创)
①有时候她很不容易理解Shewasdifficultattimes.
②他是唯一一个被授予这种荣誉的外国人Hewastheonlyforeignersuchanhonour.
①tounderstand
②tobegiven
11.Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejobnomatterhowharditis.有决心的人总是努力完成工作,不管它有多么难nomatterhow...引导让步状语从句,意为“无论多么……”,how后跟形容词或副词,相当于“however+adj./adv.”句式联想拓展nomatter意为“无论;不管”时,引导让步状语从句,常用于下列句型中nomatterwhatwho/whenetc....分别表示“无论何事”、“无论何人”、“无论何时”等,这个从句可以置于主句之前,也可以置于主句之后nomatter后接关系代词或关系副词引导的状语从句在句中作让步状语注意whateverhoweverwhoeveretc.可引导状语从句,也可引导名词性从句Nomatterwhathappenedhewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappenedhewouldnotmind.不管发生什么,他都不在意(错)Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhatthey’regiven.(对)Prisonershavetoeatwhateverthey’regiven.囚犯们只能给什么吃什么Nomatterhowhardheworkshecannotgetapromotion.不管他工作多努力他就是得不到提升Nomatterwhatyoudoyoumustbeverycareful.不管做什么事,你都必须非常细心Nomatterwhoyouare=WhoeveryouareI’llneverletyouin.无论你是谁,我绝不让你进去Nomatterwhichyouchoose=Whicheveryouchooseyouwillbesatisfied.不论你选择哪一个,你都会满意的NomatterwhereIgo=WhereverIgoIwillbethinkingofyou.无论我去哪里,我都会想着你高手过招单项填空
①theproblemmaybewemustsolveitourselves.(2010·山东威海一轮验收)A.WhateverdifficultB.HowdifficultC.HoweverdifficultD.Nomatterwhatdifficult
②Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants.(2010·山东枣庄检测)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever
①解析选C句意为不管问题有多难,我们都要独立解决difficult为形容词,因此用how修饰,表示程度however在这里没有转折的意思,相当于nomatterhow,因此答案为C
②解析选B考查从属关联词的用法whatever等于anythingthat或everythingthat,引导宾语从句whatever一方面起引导词的作用,同时作从句中wants的宾语。