还剩3页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
四、动词
1、动词的分类类别意义例句实义动词含有实在的意义表示动作或状态在句子中能独立作谓语可分为及物动词vt,其后接宾语和不及物动词vi,不接宾语Shehassomebananas.她吃些香蕉Theyeatalotofpotatoes.他们常吃土豆I’mreadinganEnglishbooknow.我现在正看一本英文书连系动词本身有一定的词义但不能独立作谓语必须和表语一起构成谓语Hisfatherisateacher.他父亲是教师Twinsusuallylookthesame.双胞胎通常看起来一样Theteacherbecameveryangry.老师变得很生气助动词本身没有词义不能独立作谓语只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词用来表示否定、疑问、时态、语态或其它语法形式助动词自身有人称、单复数和时态的变化Hedoesn’tspeakEnglish.他不说英语Doyouhaveabrother你有兄弟吗?Weareplayingbasketball.我们在打篮球be也可作助动词情态动词本身有一定的意义不能独立作谓语只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词表示说话人的语气和情态情态动词没有人称和单复数的变化有些情态动词有过去式Youcankeepthebooksfortwoweeks.这些书你可以借两个星期MayIsmokehere我可以在这儿抽烟吗?Wemustgonow.我们现在得走了
2、规则动词变化表规则变化原形动词结尾情况现在时单三人称现在分词过去式和过去分词一般情况+s+ing+edsxchsho结尾+es+ing+ed辅音字母+y结尾y→i+es+ingy→i+ed重读闭音节一元一辅结尾+s双写辅音字母+ing双写辅音字母+ed不发音的e结尾+s去掉e+ing+die结尾+sie→y+ing+d不规则变化have→has;be→is无见不规则动词变化表注意
①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾尾音节又重读的动词“r”应双写如prefer-preferring–preferred(更喜欢);refer–referring–referred(参考;涉及);occur–occurring–occurred(发生;出现)
②s/es的读音规则在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音后和元音后读[z]如maps;refers
③ed的读音规则在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音后和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id]如hunted巩固练习:1)请为下列动词加上正确的第三人称单数,ing形式,过去式和过去分词gowalkcomespeakplayrushstoppreferfirecarrytype2请填入正确的动词形式
1.Look!Thechildren_____enjoythemselvesatthezoo.
2.He___________watchTVand_______readaninterestingbookonSaturdayevening.
3.Ken_________watertheplantseveryday.
4.I___________playfootballontheplaygroundnextMonday.
5.Theworkers__________havesportsontheplaygroundnow.
6.You____________invitetothewedding.Whydidntyougo
7.Cheese___________makefrommilk.
8.Thebook_____writeinSpanishandafewyearsagoit____translateintoEnglish.动词的时态和语态时态分类谓语结构主要用法常用时间状语主动被动一般现在时经常性或习惯性动作,客观事实,现在的状态everysometimesoftenonSundayusuallyalways一般过去时在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态yesterdaylastweekanhouragotheotherdayin1982一般将来时在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态next...tomorrowin+时间intwodayssoonthiseveningtomorrowevening过去将来时在过去某一时刻看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用作从句中at9tomorrowmorning现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作nowatthismoment过去进行时表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作atthistimeyesterdayat4p.m.yesterday现在完成时表示说话之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,对现在造成的影响;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态forsincesofar=uptonow到目前为止alreadyneveryetinthepast/lastfewyears在过去的几年里过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或某个动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即“过去的过去”;表示从过去某时开始一直延续到另一个过去时间的动作或状态bytheendof+过去的时间点before等引导的时间状语从句
一、完成下列表格练习
一、用动词的适当形式填空
1、Whensheisintroublesheoftenaskherteacherforadvice.
2、Hegoabroadlastmonth.
3、ThechildnotwatchTVathomenow.
4、Itrainforawholemonth.
5、IgowithyouifIhavetime.
6、HelistentotheradiowhenIcamein.
7、Ididntmeethim.HeleavewhenIgotthere.
8、Heishungry.Henoteatanythingforthreedays.
9、Englishspeakinmanycountries.
10、Myhometownliberatein
1949.
11、TheplayputonnextSunday.
12、HetoldusthatthesportsmeetingputofftillnextSunday.
13、Anewteachingbuildingbuildnowinourschool.
14、Shesaidthatthebicyclerepairbyherfather.
15、Anewschoolbuildinourvillage.
16、Shetoldmethatthebicyclerepairbyherfather.
二、翻译下列句子A.请用不同的时态翻译下列句子
1、上周日他一整天都在研究那只小鸟___________________________________________________________________
2、格林先生正在写另外一部小说_____________________________________________________________________
3、经常有人听到她唱歌______________________________________________________________________________
4、至今,我们已经学了1600个单词_____________________________________________________________________
5、我们将在下星期完成这项工程_______________________________________________________________________
6、我们从未想过他会这么快完成这幅画________________________________________________________________
7、他说他之前已经学过一些英语______________________________________________________________________
8、玛丽在做衣服时割伤了手指________________________________________________________________________B.请将上列句子转变成被动语态
1.________________________________________________________________________________________
2.____________________________________________________________________________________
3.________________________________________________________________________________________
4._______________________________________________________________________________________
5.________________________________________________________________________________________
6._______________________________________________________________________________________
7.________________________________________________________________________________________
8._______________________________________________________________________________________tips:怎样把主动语态改成被动语态步骤
1.先找出谓语动词;
2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语;
3.把宾语用作被动语态中的主语;
4.注意人称、时态和数的变化例
1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.→AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.
2.Hehaswrittentwoletters.→Twolettershavebeenwrittenbyhim.
3.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.→Tentreeswillbeplantedbythemtomorrow.
三、短文填空(涉及8种时态)I1________havealetterfrommysisteryesterday.ShelivesinNigeria.She2_________bethereforthreeyears.Inherlettershesaidthatshe3____________cometoEnglandnextyear.Shealsosaidthatshewasstill4___________learntheFrenchlanguage.Ifshecomesshe5____getasurprise.We6__________benowlivinginabeautifulnewhouseinthecountry.Workonit7__________beginbeforemysisterleft.Thehouse8__________completefivemonthsago.InmyletterItoldherthatshe9____________canstaywithus.Thehousehasmanylargeroomsandthere10_______bealovelygarden.Itisaverymodernhousesoit11__________lookstrangetosomepeople.Itmust12_______betheonlymodernhouseinthedistrict.Keys
1.had
2.hasbeen
3.wouldcome
4.learning
5.willget
6.are
7.hadbegun
8.wascompleted
9.could
10.is
11.looks
12.be。