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名词性从句适用学科英语适用年级高三适用区域江苏译林牛津版教材课时时长(分钟)1课时/60分钟知识点名词性从句的分类名词性从句的连接词教学目标知识掌握名词性从句的类型及特点掌握名词性从句常见连接词
3、掌握名词性从句的用法要点方法要牢记各种名词性从句的构成特点与作用,并能灵活运用能力根据各种名词性从句的特点辨别句子类型能通过句子成分和语境判断名词性从句的连接词教学重点名词性从句的作用与判断方法名词性从句的连接词、连接代词与连接副词不同类型名词性从句的特点和特殊用法教学难点名词性从句的句子分析方法和连接词的正确使用名词性从句的常见考点及易错点教学过程
一、复习预习教师引导学生复习上节课所学内容,主要包括定语从句的类型和关系词的用法(以提问、回顾的形式进行),针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑,并通过对基本句型构成的分析扩展和句子成分的作用导入本节课所要学习的名词性从句检查本节课预习作业
二、知识讲解知识点1名词性从句的概念和分类在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句名词从句的功能相当于名词词组它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、介词宾语、表语、同位语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类 连接词that whether if(不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词whatwhich whowhosewhatever whicheverwhoever连接副词when where how why
1.【考查点】主语从句的用法作句子主语的从句叫主语从句如Whatcolorhelikesisnotclear.他喜欢什么颜色还不清楚Howhecompletedthetaskhasbeenstudiedbymanyexperts.很多专家研究过他是如何完成那项任务的【注意】有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用it作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式如1)It + be + 名词 + that从句It is a pity a shame no wonder etc. that…2)It + be + 形容词 + that从句It is necessary important natural strange etc. that…3)It + be + 过去分词 + that从句 It is suggested requested proposed desired etc. that…4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句Itmattersthat…
2.【考查点】宾语从句的用法宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句及物动词,介词和形容词后如Ithinkthatreadingisreallyimportant.我认为阅读确实很重要Wearecertainthatitisfree.我们确信这是免费的【注意】形式宾语it的用法1)动词+it+从句(it没有任何意义)如Ihearditthathehadgoneabroad.我当时听说他已经出国了2)主语+谓语+形式宾语it+宾补+宾语从句如IfeelitaterriblethingthatIhavetogetupsoearly.我觉得我们得这么早起床非常痛苦
3.【考查点】表语从句的用法引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导其基本结构为主语 + 系动词 + that从句如Thereasonwasthathedidn’tworkhard.原因是他没有努力工作It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了
4.【考查点】同位语从句的用法同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等如The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动Heacceptedthefactthathehadlostthevaluablechance.他接受了已经失去那个宝贵机会的事实知识点2名词性从句的连词引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类连接词thatwhetherif(不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词whatwhichwhowhosewhateverwhicheverwhoever连接副词whenwherehowwhy
1.【考查点】that的用法由连接词that引导的从句能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语that只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中that均不可省略宾语从句中一般可以省略that,但若出现多个宾语从句,只能省略第一个that如Hethinksthismovieiswonderfulandthathewillwatchitagain.他认为这部电影很精彩,他会再看一遍【注意】在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist desire demand request command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”如 I insist that she should do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作
2.【考查点】whether和if的用法从属连词ifwhether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和wh-从句的功能相同如Whethertheplanisfeasibleremainstobeproved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实【注意】只能用whether的情况1) 引导主语从句并在句首时;2)引导表语从句时;3)引导从句作介词宾语时;4)从句后有“or not”时;5)后接动词不定式时 如 Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱
3.【考查点】名词性从句的语序whom which whose what when where why how whoever whatever whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序 如 I want to know what he isdoing. 我想知道他正在做什么
4.【考查点】宾语从句中的时态当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用 不同时态 当主句动词是过去时态(could would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态 如I know that he will study English next year.我知道他明年会学英语The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America.老师告诉我们汤姆已经离开我们去美国了
5.【易错点】宾语从句的否定转移think believe imagine suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中 如 We don’t think you are right. 我们认为你不对
三、例题精析【例题1】Hissuccesswasbecauseof_____hehadbeenworkinghard.A.thatB.thefactwhichC.thefactthatD.thefact【答案】C【解析】本题考查同位语从句Becauseof应加名词thefact,后面的从句指fact的内容且从句成分完整、语气确定,应用连接词that,故选C【例题2】—“Why did you go to the wrong class Mr. Wang” —“Well I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.” A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it 【答案】B【解析】本题考查宾语从句根据语境,王先生走错了教室,说明是在几个教室这一范围中,所以要用连接代词which,这里不需要定冠词,故选B【例题3】IsMaryfromNewYorkCityIdontknow_____.A.fromwhatcitydoesshecomefromB.fromwhatcityshecomeC.whatcitydoesshecomefromD.whatcityshecomesfrom【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句我不知道她来自哪个城市,所以应用连接代词whatcity,宾语从句中要用陈述句语序,故选D【例题4】I am sure ________ he said is true. A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what 【答案】D【解析】本题考查宾语从句Iamsure可以直接加that引导的宾语从句,从句中包含主语从句,hesaid缺少宾语,要用关系代词what,故选D【例题5】________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpectedC.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected【答案】D【解析】本题考查主语从句和宾语从句首先,主语从句中eat缺少宾语,要用关系代词what,介词from后面是宾语从句,expected缺少宾语,要用关系代词what,故选D
四、课堂运用【基础】
1.They came to the conclusion ________ by a computer. A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done
2. His success was because of ________ he had been working hard. A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact
3.ThereasonwhyIdidntgotoShanghaiwas_____anewjob.AIgotB.becauseofgettingC.becauseIgotD.thatIgot
4. She is pleased with what you have given him and ________ you have told him. A. that B. which C. all what D. all that【巩固】
5.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.for
6.Thesecomputersaredifferentfrom________.A.thatweexpectedB.whatweexpectedC.whichwehaveexpectedD.whatweexpect
7. We gave him ________ help we could. A. which B. what C. that D. this 【拔高】
8._____isnoreasonfordismissingher.A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate
9. The subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. is_______. A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I
10.Oneofthemenheldtheview_____thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhatC.thatwhichD.whichthat解法及答案
1.A考查同位语从句题干中conclusion之后的从句notallthingscanbedone成分完整、语气确定,所以应用连接词that,故选A
2.C考查同位语从句题干中becauseof应接名词性短语,所以要用fact,后面的从句是fact的内容,并且不缺成分,所以用that引导,故选C
3.D考查表语从句题干中why引导定语从句,主干Thereasonwas后面的表语从句为Igotanewjob,不缺成分,需用连接词that,故选D
4.D考查宾语从句Sheispleasedwith后面有两个并列的宾语第二个宾语all同时被定语从句修饰,从句中that做关系代词,做told的直接宾语,故选D
5.B考查主语从句题干中it做形式主语,真正的主语herhairwasturninggrey不缺成分,所以要用关系词that,故选B
6.B考查宾语从句主干中from后面宾语从句weexpect缺少宾语,所以要用关系代词what,根据句意期盼发生在过去,故选B
7.B考查宾语从句主干中gavehim后面应为直接宾语,从句中wecould缺宾语,这里没有范围,需用连接代词what,故选B
8.C考查主语从句本题is前面缺少主语,A是原因状语从句,B作原因状语,D的逻辑主语是她,所以不能作为原因C项指fact,意为这个事实不是开除她的原因,故选C
9.C考查主语从句题干中主语是Whatisinteresting,系动词为is,后面为表语从句Idonotevenknowhim.
10.B考查同位语从句题干中view后面的从句那本书所说的是对的做同位语从句,成分完整、语气肯定,所以用连接词that,后面thebooksaid做主语从句,缺少宾语,要用连接代词what,故选B课程小结本节课主要围绕名词性从句的基本要点进行讲解,即名词性从句的概念、分类,名词性从句的连接词和成分分析需要重点掌握的是名词性从句的判断及如何根据语境选择正确的连接词此外,与名词性从句相关的知识点可能涉及主谓一致、倒装、与其他从句的区分等语法要点,尤其是在单选和任务型阅读等题型中,因此这一考点需要重要掌握近年高考对语法点的考查往往是结合在语境中的,因此,学生在做题过程中需要分析句子结构,结合语境判断题目,灵活地运用语法知识课后作业【基础】
1. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good. A. If…do B. That…do C. If…does D. That…does
2.Whytheexplosionoccurredwas_____thelaboratoryattendanthadbeencareless.A.forB.becauseC.sinceD.that
3. The city is no longer ________. A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be
4.Idontdoubt_____hellcome.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether【巩固】
5.Outputisnowsixtimes_____itwasbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ofwhich
6. My parents used ________ they had to get a new car for me. A. which B. that C. what D. all what
7.Mary:Helenisamerewasherwomanyetshesnowbuyingabighouse.Carol:Yes.Becauseshesalwayssaved_____.A.whatlittlesheearnsB.howlittlesheearnsC.forlittlesheearnsD.withlittlesheearns【拔高】
8. _______ makes mistakes must correct them. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody
9.Thelittleboyate_____hismothergavehim.A.thatB.whichC.whateverD.nomatterwhat
10.Can you point out ________ two radios are the bestA. which B. what C. that D. whether答案及解析
1.D考查主语从句和主谓一致主语从句中成分完整、语气明确,需用连接词that,后面主干中的谓语动词应用单数,故选D
2.D考查表语从句从句中成分齐全、语气肯定,应用连接词that,故选D
3.D考查表语从句从句中itusedtobe缺表语,应用连接代词what,且时态为一般过去,故选D
4.A考查宾语从句主干中doubt之后是从句,hewillcome成分完整、语气明确,需用连接词that,故选A
5.C考查表语从句从句中itwas缺少表语,需用连接代词what,故选B
6.C考查宾语从句题干中used后面是宾语成分,theyhad缺少宾语,应用关系代词what,故选C
7.A考查宾语从句答句中saved后面缺少宾语,这一从句中sheearns缺宾语,所以要用关系代词what,故选A
8.C考查主语从句从句中make缺主语,这里表示不论谁犯了错误都必须改正,故选C
9.C考查宾语从句主干中ate缺宾语,这一从句里hismothergave缺少直接宾语,题目表示无论什么,故选关系代词C
10.A考查宾语从句主干中pointout缺宾语,从句中tworadios有范围,所以用关系代词which,故选A课后评价。