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中考英语非谓语动词语法解析
(三)考点6考查不定式省略to的用法不定式省略to主要见于以下情况
1.当不定式用于letmakehave等使役动词后作宾语补足语时,不定式不能带to如Iwillhaveherposttheletter.我要叫她去寄信Pleaseletmeknowwhathappens.请告诉我发生的事Theymademerepeatthewholestory.他们非让我把整个事件再说一遍但是,当使役动词用于被动语态时,要补上在主动语态中省略的to如Shemustbemadetocomplywiththerules.必须让她遵守规则
2.当不定式用于感觉动词(如seehearwatchnoticefeel等)后作宾语补足语时,不定式必须省略to如Iheardhimsayso.我听到他这样说Isawthetraincomeintothestation.我看到火车进站了Iwatchedhergetintothecar.我看着她上了车但是,当它们用于被动语态时,则其后的不定式必须带to如Thewomanwasseentoenterabank.有人看见这个女人进了一家银行
3.当不定式用于动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语时,不定式可以不带to(当然也可以带to)如Theyhelpedustomoveit.他们帮我们搬动它Icanhelptocookandwashup.我可以帮忙做饭和洗碗【考例1】Thewomanmadehisson________finallyaftershetoldhimsomejokes.吉林通化中考题A.laughedB.tolaughC.laughD.laughing【分析】答案选C当make用作使役动词时,若其后接不定式作宾语补足语,该不定式不能带to又如Theymademerepeatthewholestory.他们非让我把整个事件再说一遍【考例2】Theglobalfinancialcrisis金融危机hasmademanypeople________theirmoney.江苏宿迁中考题A.tocareforB.tookcareofC.becarefulwithD.tobecaredabout【分析】答案选C当make用作使役动词时,若其后接不定式作宾语补足语,该不定式不能带to又如Theymademerepeatthewholestory.他们非让我把整个事件再说一遍考点7考查不定式用作宾语补足语能后接不定式作宾语补足语的动词很多,但中考英语中经常涉及的只有少数几个,即asktellorderusewantwarnwish等如Heaskedmetogetthecarready.他叫我把车准备好Thedoctortoldmetogiveupsmoking.医生叫我戒烟Heorderedustobequiet.他命令我们安静Peopleuseaknifetocutthings.人们用刀切东西Hewarnedmenottogoingoutatnight.他警告我不要晚上出去Myparentswantedmetohaveagoodeducation.我的父母想要我受到良好的教育注意,动词hope习惯上不用于以上类似表达,所以当表示汉语“希望某人做某事”时,不能用hopesbtodosth如史密斯先生希望他所有的学生都能考及格误MrSmithhopesallofhisstudentstopassthetest.正MrSmithhopesthatallofhisstudentscanpassthetest.【考例1】Myroommateoftenasksme________hertoplaychess.山西中考题A.teachB.teachingC.toteachD.teaches【分析】答案选C考查asksbtodosth(叫某人做某事)句式又如Sheaskedhimtowakeherat6o’clock.她请他在六点钟叫醒她【考例2】He’llusewhathehas________heranewdress.江苏无锡中考题A.boughtB.tobuyC.buyingD.beenbought【分析】答案选B考查usesthtodosth(使用某物做某事)句式又如Iuseknifetocuttheapple.我用刀子切苹果考点8考查不定式作目的状语当非谓语动词用作目的状语时,通常要用不定式,一般不用动名词或分词如Istayedtheretoseewhatwouldhappen.我留在那里看看会发生什么事Eattolivebutdonotlivetoeat.要为了活着而吃饭,不要为了吃饭而活着当需要强调时,可在不定式前加上inorder或soas如InordertogetintoagoodschoolImuststudyevenharder.为了考入一个好的学校,我必须更加用功I’llwritedownhistelephonenumbersoasnottoforgetit.我要把他的电话号码写下来,以免忘记【考例1】Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearetryingtodosomething________theold.河北中考题A.servedB.toserveC.serveD.serves【分析】答案选B其中的不定式toservetheold用作目的状语句意为越来越多的人在试图为老年人做点什么【考例2】—________moreabouttomorrow’sweathercall
121.—OKIwill.Thankyou.扬州中考题A.KnowB.KnowingC.ToknowD.Known【分析】答案选C此处填不定式表目的句意为要想了解更多关于明天的天气情况,请拨121。