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2011中考英语三轮复习--中考阅读理解逻辑推理性题目解题方法及练习 这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,才能获得正确答案应从情节所提供的基本事实出发,寻找一定规律,如时间关系、条件关系、因果关系、比较关系、转折关系等作为推理根据 下面我们一起来看一篇文章,希望你先做完然后再看分析Passage1 AreyoucarryingtoomuchonyourbackatschoolYou’renotalone.BackexpertsintheUnitedStatesareworriedthatyoungstudentsarehavingbackandneckproblemsasaresultofcarryingtoomuchintheirbackpacksschoolbags. “IthurtsmybackwhenIrun”saidOberlinReyesastudentinVirginia.“It’shardtogetupthestairswithmybackpackbecauseit’stooheavy.” Oberlinisamongstudentswhosebackpackswereweighedforaweekinarecentstudy. Theyhadregularbackpackswithtwostraps带子tocarrythembutanumberofstudentswithheavyloadshadswitchedtorollingbackpackswhichhavewheelsandcanrollontheground. ShirleyParkwhosebackpackweighed10kilogramssaidshechangedtoarollingbackpackbecauseshewasstartingtohavebackpain. HowmuchistoomuchExpertssaystudentsshouldcarrynomorethan10to15percentoftheirownbodyweight. Afewstudentshadonesuggestiontolightentheload:lesshomework. P.S.附Doctor’ssuggestion:
①Lightentheload.Cleanoutbinders活页材料andtakehomeonlythebooksyouneedthatnight.
②Widestrapsarebetter.Theysendouttheweightoveryourshouldersmoreevenly均匀.Andbesuretowearbothstrapsratherthanhangingthepackoveroneshoulder.
③Packsmart.Theheavierthingsshouldbepackedclosedtotheback.
④Bendbothkneeswhenyoupickupthepackanddon’tjustbendoveratthewaist腰.
1.“_____”isthemainideaofthetext. A.Theproblemofbackpacksisworthstudying B.Theproblemmadebyheavybackpacks C.Whatisthebestbackpackforastudent D.Howtomakestudents’backpackslight
2.AccordingtoEnderlinReyesandShirleyParkweknow______. A.studentshavetodotoomuchhomework B.backpackshavetocarryheavybackpacks C.backpackswithoutwheelsarebadforstudents D.toomuchhomeworkleavesstudentsnofreetime
3.Theexpression“switchedto”inthetextperhapsmeans______. A.startedtouseB.turnedtoC.caughtupD.usedfor
4.Accordingtothepassageit’sbetterforastudentof40kilogramstocarryabackpackof_____atmostbythewordsofexperts. A.10kgB.8kgC.6kgD.7kg
5.Ifstudentsfollowthedoctor’ssuggestionsthey______. A.maylightentheirbackpacks B.canlearnhowtohelpthemselves C.mayfeeltheirbackpacksarelighter D.willknowhowtowearbackpacksPassage1 【答案与解析】这篇短文反映了学生书包过重这一引发人们思考的生活现实书包过重引起了学生身体的不适文中引用了几位学生对沉重书包的感想和体会,有的学生甚至还在书包上安装了轮子专家认为书包重量不应超过学生体重的10%-15%学生则认为减少作业量才能彻底解决这一问题为了减小过重书包对学生身体造成的伤害,短文最后还附了医生的四点建议
1.D根据首段末句及所附医生的建议可知选项D乃是文章主旨
2.A短文前两句是本题答案之所在
3.A根据该词组所在句子及上下文意思,“许多学生使用带有轮子,可在地上滚动的书包”可以推测选项A的解释合乎文意
4.C专家建议学生书包重量应在他本人体重的10%和15%之间所以一个体重为40千克的学生所背书包的重量应是6千克
5.C显然,专家所提四项建议的目的是让学生的书包轻一些 现在我们来总结一下逻辑推理性阅读理解题常见题干:
1.Fromthestoryweknowthat___________________.
2.Wecaninfer推断fromthestorythat___________.
3.Accordingtothewriter_____________.
4.Inthepassagethewritertriestotellusthat__________.
5.Whichofthefollowingisthewriter’sattitude态度
6.Fromthetextwecanguessthewriter’steamis___________.
7.Accordingtothestorywhatwouldhappennext?
8.Thewritersuggests暗示that___________.
9.Thewriterwantstoprove证明that_________.
10.Whichofthefollowingisimplied暗示inthepassage
11.Thewriterdoesn’tagreethat____________.
12.Wemayinferthatduringthesummerholiday___________.希望你能记住这些题干的含义,掌握分析的方法,还有一点需要说明,在做这类题关键是对整篇文章的理解,遇到个别生词不要强求理解具体含义,可以根据上下文理解整句的含义下面有两篇练习,你可以根据我们的讲解测验一下自己有没有收获 Ihavelovedmymother’sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasMothersatdoingletters.StandingbyherchairlookingattheinkbottlepensandwhitepaperIdecidedthattheactofwritingmustbethemostwonderfulthingintheworld YearslaterduringherfinalillnessMotherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandbrother.Butthedesk”she’dsaidagain“isforElizabeth.” Ineversawherangryneversawhercry.Iknewshelovedme;sheshoweditinaction.ButasayounggirlIwantedheart-to-hearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter. Theyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional.”Butshelived“onthesurface”. AsyearspassedandIhadmyownfamily.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwroteincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatshedidforgiveme. Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Nonecame. Myhopeturnedtodisappointmentthenlittleinterestandfinallypeaceitseemedthatnothinghappened.Icouldn’tbesurethattheletterhadevengottoMother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenitandIcouldstoptryingtomakeherintosomeoneshewasnot. Nowthepresentofherdesktoldmeasshehadneverbeenabletothatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaone-pageletterfoldedandrefoldedmanytimes. Givemeananswermyletterasksinanywayyouchoose.Motheryoualwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.
1.Thepassageshowsthat_______________. A.Motherwascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughter B.Motherwastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddone C.Mothercaredmuchaboutherdaughterinwords D.Motherwrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords
2.WhatdidMotherdowithherdaughter’sletteraskingforforgiveness A.Shehadneverreceivedtheletter B.Foryearssheoftentalkedabouttheletter. C.Shedidn’tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife. D.Shereadtheletteragainandagaintillshedied.例
2. Severalyearsagocellphoneswereveryexpensive.Onlyimportantpeopleandpeoplewithalotofmoneyhadthem.Thesedaysthepriceshavebeengreatlyfallingandtheycomeinsmallsizesanddifferentcolors.Somoreandmorepeopleevenhighschoolstudentshaveoneinthehands. Itistruethatit’saneasywaytokeepintouchwithfriendsatanytimeandinanyplace.Butinplaceslikeclassroomsmovietheatresandmuseumswhereeveryoneshouldbequietortalkinalowvoicewecanalsoheartheringing.Somedrivershaveaccidentsforusingcellphoneswhendriving.Worstofallsomestudentswhocan’tpaytheirphonebillsdosomethingillegaltogetmoney.So,arecellphonesreallyahelp
3.Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutcellphones A.Theyarereallyahelp. B.Theyharmpeople’shealth. C.Hewantsverymuchtoknowiftheydopeoplegood. D.It’sallrighttousethemintheatre.参考答案
1.A
2.D
3.
4.C。