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Unit4 HesaidIwashard-working【单元目标】 一.目标句型 转述他人话语Whatdidsb.sayHesaidI…Shesaidshe…Theysaid… 二.语法 直接引语和间接引语 【词汇学习】1.madadj.极为愤怒的;十分恼火的Shewasmadwithmeforlosingmykeys.她为我丢了钥匙而生我的气 2.anymoreadv.再;还(用于否定句)Hedoesntcomehereanymore.他再也不到这儿来了 3.howeveradv.无论如何Hecananswerthequestionhoweverharditis.不管问题有多难他都能回答 4.supposev.假定;认为;料想;期望Whatdoyousupposeyouwilldoafterschool你放学后想干什么 5.nervousadj.紧张的;神经质的IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.当我走进他的办公室时,我感到很紧张 6.semestern.一学期;半年Wewillhavetensubjectsinthissemester.这个学期我们将学十门功课 7.disappointingadj.令人失望的Maybethisnewsis disappointing.也许这是一个令人失望的消息 8.besupposedto认为必须;认为应该Youaresupposedtobesuccessful.你应该成功 9.getmad变疯;变得着迷Shegetsmadaboutgoingtodance.她对跳舞着了迷 10.getover恢复,克服困难Canwegetoverthisdifficulty我们能克服这个困难吗
11.firstofall 首先
12.passon 传递
13. besupposedto 被期望或被要求……
14.dobetterin 在......方面做得更好
15.beingoodhealth 身体健康
16.reportcard 成绩单
17. getover 克服;恢复;原谅
18.openup 打开;开拓;开发;开放
19.carefor 照料;照顾20.haveapartyforsb. 为某人举行一次聚会21.bemadatsb 对某人恼火,愤怒【重点句型分析】
1.Whataresomesoapoperasyouknow 你所知道的有哪些肥皂剧?youknow是定语从句,修饰前日面的名词soapoperas
2.Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas 肥皂剧里发生了些什么事?Thathappenonsoapoperas 是定语从句,修饰前日面的名字something.
3.Lanasaidshewasn’tmadatMarciaanymore. 拉娜说她不再生玛西娅的气了bemadatwithsb. 对某人恼火bemadataboutsth.doingsth. 对某事恼火eg.MothergotmadatwithmeforwatchingTVforhours.(此处的gotmadat=wasmadat)not…anymore 不再……eg.Shedidn’tcryanymore. 她不再哭了
4.bringsomebookstoherhouse. 给她带来一些书bringsth.to 从(远处)带来,拿来(到近处)而其反义词为take…to “从(近处)拿(走)到(远处)eg.CouldyoubringsomewatertomePleasetakethechairtoJim’sroom.
5.passthismessagetosb.将这个消息信息传给某人passonsth.tosb把某物传递给某人eg.ShesaidshewouldpassthedictionarytoTom.
6.YouwanttoknowwhyCdidn’treturnitandwhereitis.你想知道为什么C未将它还回来并想知道它在哪里此句中whyCdidn’treturnitandwhereitis是宾语从句作know的宾语请注意宾语从句的语序(陈述语序) 7.Youweresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnit.你应该今早上在车站去见面并把它还给人家besupposedtodo……被期望,应该做……eg.Heissupposedtobethereontime.按理他应该准时到哪里 【课文解析】
1.InEnglishI’mbetteratreadingthanlistening.在英语方面,我的阅读比听力更好bebetteratdoingthandoing是begoodat……的比较级,意思为“更擅长……”eg.Aretheybetteratplayingfootballthanbasketball
2.Icandobetterinmath.在数学方面我能做得更好better是well的比较级dowellin在…方面做得好eg.Doesshedowellinphysics
3.Ifinishedmyend–of–yearexamslastweek.我上周结束了期末考试finishsth.doingsth.eg.Didhefinishdoinghishomeworkbeforehewenttobed
4.Ihadareallyhardtimewithsciencethissemester.这学期我的科学学科学得的确不好
5.It’snotrighttocopyother’shomework.抄袭别人的作业是不对的请记住这一句型It’srightforsbtodo… It’srightforsbtodo…
6.IsaidIdidn’tthinkitwasagoodideaforhertocopymahomework.我说我认为对她来说抄我的作业不是个好办法注意1此句中的三个动词都是过去时,即时态的一致性注意2中英文语序(否定词的位置)的不同
7.Shesaiditwasmuchbetterifshedinherownwork.她说如果她自己做作业就会好多了much+比较级,意思是“…得多”e.g.HerunsmuchfasterthanI.
8.TeachinghighschoolstudentsinapoormountainvillageinGansuProvincemaynotsoundlikefuntoyou.在甘肃省一个贫困的山村里教中学学生在你听起来可能不算什么有趣的事此句中may+动词原形,表示“可能……”soundlike+名词,意思为“听起来像……”
9.Everyyeartheysend100volunteerstoteachinChina’sruralareas.每年他们都往中国的乡村地区派100名志愿者去教书send…to…派,送…到…
10.Hervillagewas2000metersabovesealevel. 她的村庄位于海拔2千米
11.thethinairmadeherfeelsick 稀薄的空气使她病了makesb.do使某人干某事(此处只能用动词原形,不能+to)
12.Theyloveheavingvolunteerteachersthere.他们喜爱让志愿者老师教他们lovedoingtodo
13.Thereoftenisn’tmoneyforeducation. 经常没有钱来受教育
14.Icanopenupmystudents’eyestotheoutsideworld.我能开阔学生们的视野,把他们带到外部世界
15.givethemagoodstartinlife 给他们一个生活的新起点 givesb.sth.给某人某物
16.Shesaidshelikesbeingagoodinfluenceinthechildren’slives.她说她愿意给孩子们的生活中起一个好的影响
17.YangLeienjoyedhertimeasavolunteerverymuch. 杨蕾很愿意做一个志愿者
18.carefor“MotherEarth” 关心“地球母亲”
19.careforwildanimalsindanger关心处于危险中的野生动物
20.Ican’tdoanythingaboutthat.我对于那件事无能为力 【词语辨析】
1.hardworking与workhard前者是形容词,可作表语、定语;如ahard-workingstudent;Heishard-working.后者是一个动词短语,“努力工作”hard是副词,修饰动作work. eg.Aliceworkshard.
2.forgettodo与forgetdoing…前者是“忘记做……”todo表示将来的动作e.g.Don’tforgettocallme.别忘了打电话给我Sheforgottomailtheletter.她忘了寄信后者是“忘记曾做……”通常与willshallnever连用eg.I’llneverforgetseeingthemusicalinNewYork.我永远忘不了在纽约看过的那出歌舞喜剧 【重难点分析】直接引语和间接引语
(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语间接引语一般构成宾语从句直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变
1.时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等例如Tomsaidtome“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.” →Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.
2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化 例如 SheaskedJack“Wherehaveyoubeen”→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen. Hesaid“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.
(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同
1.陈述句的间接引语 陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,通常由that引导,可以省略 “Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要蓝色的”他说 →Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.他说他想要蓝色的 Shesaidtome“Youcan’tsettleanythingnow.”她对我说“此刻你无法解决任何事情” →ShetoldmethatIcouldn’tsettleanythingthen. 她对我说那时候我无法解决任何事
2.疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同引述动词常用askwonderwanttoknowinquire间接疑问句一般有三种 1.一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if引导 如 “HasheeverworkedinShanghai”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问 →Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过 “Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital”Theoldmanasked. 那个老人问“你能告诉我去医院的路吗? →TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital. 那个老人问我是否能告诉他去医院的路
2.特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导 如 “Whichroomdoyoulivein”Heasked.“你住哪个房间?”他问我 →HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.他问我住哪个房间 “Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm”Sheasked.她问“你怎么看这部电影?” →Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm. 她问她的朋友怎么看这部电影
3.选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导 如 “IsityourbikeorTom’sMumasked.妈妈问“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?” →Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的 “Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones”Kateasked. “你妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问 →Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones. 凯特问我的妹妹喜欢蓝色的裙子还是绿色的
3.祈使句的间接引语 当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语 如 Jacksaid“PleasecometomyhousetomorrowMary.”杰克说“玛丽,明天请到我家来” →JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去 Theteachersaidtothestudents“Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说“不要讲话了” →Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了 “Don’ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西”他说 →Hetoldusnottotouchanything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西
4.动词时态和代词等的变动
1.某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则如下 直接引语 间接引语 today thatday now thenatthatmoment yesterday thedaybefore thedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbefore tomorrow thenextday/thefollowingday thedayaftertomorrow twodaysafter/intwodays nextweek/monthetc thenextweek/monthetc lastweek/monthetc theweek/monthetc.before here there this that these those come go bring take
2.如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化变化情况如下 现在时间推移到过去的时间,即一般现在时变为一般过去时; “Ifeelbettertoday.”Hesaid.“我今天感觉好多了”他说 →Hesaidthathefeltbetterthatday.他说他那天感觉好多了 现在进行时变为过去进行时; “XiaoMingisdoingsomewashing”Mumsaid.“小明正在洗衣服”妈妈说 →MumsaidthatXiaoMingwasdoingsomewashing.妈妈说小明正在洗衣服(课中强化类训练)●Exercisesfornewwords(生词专练)Ⅰ.Writedowntherightwordformrequestedinthebrackets.(根据括号内的要求,写出单词的正确形式)
1.luck形容词_________
2.decide名词_________
3.husband反义词_________
4.disappointing动词_________
5.run动词的过去式_________
6.peaceful名词_________
7.dangerous名词_________
8.bad最高级_________
9.her名词性物主代词_________
10.thick反义词_________参考答案
1.lucky
2.decision
3.wife
4.disappoint
5.ran
6.peace
7.danger 8worst
9.hers
10.thin●Exercisesforphrases(短语专练)Ⅱ.Fillintheblankswiththeproperprepositionsoradverbsinthebox.用方框里的正确介词或副词填空up in over for of on
1.Letusnowpass_________tothenextsubject.
2.Hefinallygot_________thefailure.
3.Hissoncared_________himwhenhewasill.
4.Thenewstoreopens_________nextmonth.
5.Mygrandmotheris_________goodhealth.
6.MyteachersaidIcandidbetter_________math.参考答案
1.on
2.over
3.for
4.up
5.in
6.inⅢ.Completethesentencewiththerightexpression.用正确的表达完成句子
1.Shesaidtheywouldhavea_________惊喜聚会forLinda’sbirthday.
2.Iwas_________对……生气Timbecausehewasrudetome.
3.Iwon’tbetheplace_________再也不.
4.Iwas_________对……感到惊讶hisamazingperformance.
5.Whatyoudidwillstarta_________坏习惯.
6.Theterriblescenemadehim_________感到难受.参考答案
1.surpriseparty
2.madat
3.anymore
4.surprisedat
5.badhabit
6.feelsick●Exercisesforfunctionitems(交际用语专练)Ⅳ.Completethedialogue.完成对话A:Didyousee“YoungLives”lastnightB:Nowhat 1 A:WellBentoldLana 2 Marciawasgoingtohaveasurpriseparty 3 her.B: 4 WhatdidLanasayA:Well.Lanawasveryexcited.LanatoldBenthatshewasn’tmad 5 MarciaanymoreandthatshewouldgotoMarcia’shouseonFridayafterall.B:OhThen 6 A:Marciacalledeveryoneandtoldthemshe 7 goingtohavethe 8 .B:Ohno.A:YeahthenLanacalledMarciaandtoldherthatshecould 9 somedrinksandsnackstoherhouseonFridaynight.B:Ohwow...andwhatdidMarciasayA:ShetoldLanashe 10 beglad...参考答案
1.happened
2.that
3.for
4.Really
5.at
6.what
7.wasn’t
8.party
9.bring●Exercisesforgrammar(语法专练)Ⅴ.Choosetherightanswertoputthedirectspeechintoindirectspeech.把下列直接引语改成间接引语
1.Wesaidtoher“They’rewalkingthroughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat_________throughthestreet_________.A.wewerewalking;thenB.youarewalking;nowC.theywerewalking;then D.theywalking;now答案C 直接引语改间接引语要注意前后时态的一致主句是一般过去时,从句也要改成相应的过去时now要改成then
2.MrsJohnsonsaid“Idrewthepicturelastweek.”MrsJohnsonsaidthat_________thepicture_________.A.shedrew;theweekbeforeB.Ihaddrawn;thatweekC.shehaddrawn;theweekbeforeD.Idrew;thelastweek答案C 主句是一般过去时,从句的动作发生在主句之前,要用现在完成时同时时间状语也要相应地改变
3.Themanthought“Ishalltakeitbacktomorrow.”Themanthoughtthat_________takeitback_________.A.Ishall;tomorrowB.Ishall;thenextdayC.heshould;tomorrow D.hewould;thenextday答案D 主句为一般过去时,从句原来为将来时,要改成相应的过去将来时,同时人称和情态动词也要进行相应的变化
4.Theysaidtous“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”Theyaskedus_________afraidtoleave_________house.A.thatwerewe;this B.thatwewere;thatC.ifwerewe;this D.ifwewere;that答案D 从句为一般疑问句,要改成陈述性的语序,用if引导同时时态也要变成相应的过去时,this要变成that
5.IsaidtoJenny“Areyougettingonwellwithhimnow?”IaskedJenny_________gettingonwellwithhim_________.A.whetherwasshe;then B.ifshewas;thenC.howwasI;nowD.howIwas;now答案B 注意人称、时态和时间状语的变化再接再厉(课后巩固类训练)●Elementaryexercises(基础题)Ⅰ.WritedowntherightwordformaccordingtotheChinesegiven.根据所给的汉语意思写出正确的单词形式
1._________(one)ofallyoumustclosethedoor.
2.Everybodyis_________(suppose)toknowthedancer.
3.Youmusttakecareofyourselfandkeep_________(health).
4.Sheisa_________(luck)girl.
5.Theboyis_________(bad)thanyesterday.
6.He_________(choose)atoyjustnow.
7.Weare_________(Asia).
8.The_________(speak)areTomandLinda.
9.Theseareour_________(reportcard).
10.She_________(copy)myhomeworkeveryday.参考答案
1.答案First firstofall为固定搭配,意为“首先,第一”
2.答案supposed besupposedtodosth.意为“应该做某事”
3.答案healthy keep+sb./sth.+adj.意为“让……处于……状态”
4.答案lucky 修饰名词常用形容词
5.答案worse 两者比较用比较级
6.答案chose 表示“刚才(justnow)发生的动作”用一般过去时
7.答案Asian 前后的数应一致
8.答案speakers “发言人”,两个人用复数
9.答案reportcards 名词结构变复数,作定语的名词用单数
10.答案copies 从everyday和she知应用第三人称单数形式●Integratedexercises(综合题)Ⅱ.Multiplechoice(单项选择)
1.Sinasaidshe_________toschoolthenextSaturday.A.didn’tgoB.isn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.won’tgo答案C 主句是一般过去时,从句也要用相应的过去时从句时间状语是thenextSaturday,所以要用过去将来时
2.Jimtoldushewasn’tmad_________Annanymore.A.inB.withC.atD.to答案C bemadat意为“对……生气”
3._________shetoldBenshewashavingasurprisepartyforJoe.A.FirstofallB.AlloffirstC.OfallfirstD.Firstallof答案A firstofall意为“首先”其他搭配不存在于英语中
4.Thestudentsare_________thesticknow.A.passingonB.passingtoC.passonD.pastto答案A “传递”用passon要表示传给某人加to
5.Wearesupposed_________thelostchildatonce.A.findB.tofindingC.findingD.tofind答案D besupposedto为常用搭配
6.InEnglishshe’s_________writingthanlistening.A.betteratB.betterinC.goodatD.bestin答案A dowellin与begoodat都意为“擅长做……”,从than可知应用比较级
7.—MyEnglishteachersaidIwashardworking.—Really.You’re_________.A.luckB.lucky C.luckilyD.lucks答案B be动词后应用形容词
8.Ifinishedmy_________examlastweek.A.endofyearB.endofyear’sC.end-of-year’sD.end-of-year答案D 词组修饰名词常用连字符连起来
9.Duringtheexamwemust_________nervous.A.gooverB.turnoverC.getoverD.lookover答案C goover意为“复习”;turnover意为“翻过来”;getover意为“克服”;lookover意为“仔细检查”根据题意,应为“克服紧张的心理状态”
10.PeoplechoosenameslikeAlexandSerenebecausethesenamesare_________.A.well-knownB.wellknowC.knownwellD.knowwell答案A well-known意为“有名的”●Linktotest(模拟链接)Ⅲ.Multiplechoice单项选择2010南宁中招,
四、CTopSportsNewsYaoMingbecomesWildAidSpokesperson2010-06-0716:37YaoMingwillbecomethenewspokespersonofInternationalWildlifeConservationOrganizationWildAid世界野生动物救援协会.AccordingtoareporttheChinesebasketballplayerYaoMingwillappearthisweekforhalfaminutefortheorganizationonFoxandCBSintheUSandalsoonCCTV.Hewillusehisbasketballability能力tosaveanelephant.England’snationalsoccerteamarriveinGermany2010-06-0607:41England’snationalsoccerteamarrivedataGermanairportonJune
52010.CaptainDavidBeckhamisstillthefans’favorite.“I’vealwaysbeenquiterelaxedplayingfootball”hesaid.“It’swhereIfeelhappiestandsafestonthefootballground.”TheWorldCupisComing2010-06-0614:35FIFAWorldCupGermanyisamostimportantsportseventofthisyear.Germanyhostedthe10thWorldCupin
1976.Thisisthesecondtimeforthiscountrytobethehostnationforthesportevent.FromJune9thtoJuly9th32soccerteamsfromallovertheworldwillcompetein12citiesinGermanytogetthehighestprizeofthesoccerworld.AsthehostnationGermanywillhavethehonor荣誉ofplayingintheopeningmatch.SixmatcheswillbeheldinBerlin柏林includingthefinalmatchonJuly9th.Women’sVolleyball:Chinawinsopeningmatch2010-06-0713:46OlympicchampionsChinabeatRussia31towintheopeninggroupmatchataninternationalwomen’svolleyballtournament(精英赛)inSwitzerland.ChinawillmeetGermanyinthesecondmatchinGroupA.根据短文内容,选择最佳答案
1.YaoMingwillappearthisweekforWildAidonthefollowingsEXCEPT_________.A.CCTVB.CBSC.BeijingTVD.Fox
2.WhendidEngland’snationalsoccerteamarriveinGermanyfortheWorldCupthisyearA.June52010B.June92010C.June92010D.June
720103.HowmanysoccermatcheswillbeheldinBerlinA.Seven.B.Twelve.C.Six.D.Thirty-two.
4.Whichcountryheldthe10thWorldCupA.Switzerland.B.Britain.C.China.D.Germany.
5.InthevolleyballtournamentinSwitzerlandwhichgroupdoesChineseWomen’sVolleyballteambelongtoA.GroupA.B.GroupB.C.GroupC.D.GroupD.参考答案
1.答案C 由“YaoMingwillappear...onFoxandCBSintheUSandalsoonCCTV”可知
2.答案A 由“England’snationalsoccerteamarrivedatGermanairportonJune52010”可知
3.答案C 由“SixmatcheswillbeheldinBerlin”可知
4.答案D 由“Germanyhostedthe10thWorldCupin
1976.答案”可知
5.答案A 由“ChinawillmeetGermanyinthesecondmatchinGroupA”可知。