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八年级(下)新目标英语Unit4重点短语及句型总汇
1.everySaturday每周六
2.firstofall首先
3.both……and……两者都(谓语动词要注意对称原则)
4.neither….nor两者都不(谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则)
5.mostof…绝大多数
6.anexcitingweek令人兴奋的一周
7.agreeonsomething同意某人的计划;对….取得一致意见
8.agreetodosth.答应/同意做…
9.passonto 传递
10.besupposedtodosth. 被期望或被要求做......
11.bemadat……对……疯狂/生气
12.dobetterin=bebetterat 在......方面做得更好
13.beingoodhealth 身体健康
14.reportcard 成绩单
15.sound/feel/smell/taste/look是连系动词,一般只能跟adj.做表语
16.soundlike/feellike/smelllike/tastelike/looklike听起来像…/感觉像…/闻起来像…/尝起来像…/看起来像…+sb./sth.
17.get…over 克服;恢复;原谅
18.openup 打开/展开/开发/揭露
19.carefor 照料;照顾;意愿;计较
20.haveasurprisepartyforsb. 为某人举行一次(惊喜0聚会
21.end-of-yearexam=finalexam期末考试
22.not----anymore不再
23.doahomeproject做作业
24.besurprised\happy\excitedtodosth做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动
25.be\getnervous感到紧张
26.haveaveryhardtimewith..在---日子不好过
27.andisappointingresult令人失望的结果
28.take\leaveamessage捎(留)个口信
29.haveabigfight
30.itisagoodideaforsb.todosth
31.toteachinChina’sruralareas
32.feellucky
33.peoplewhoneedhelp需要帮助的人
34.somethingwecandoforthem我们能为他们做的事
35.thereisnodifferencebetween…and..在和之间没有区别
36.GroupsandtheworktheydoGroupsTheworktheydoGreenpeaceCaresfor‘MotherEarth”DoctorsWithoutBordersHelpssickpeopleinpoorcountriesUNICEFHelpschildreninpoorcountriesWWFCaresforwildanimalsindanger
37.theHopeProject希望工程
38.fortunately本单元目标句型转述他人话语:Whatdidsb.sayHesaidI…Shesaidshe…Theysaid…
1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言Mr.XutoldmethatXuMengdiecouldspeakthreelanguages.
2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转Mr.Xusaidthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
3.许老师告诉我他将去北京ShetoldmehewouldgotoBeijingthenextday.
4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr.XusaidOuYangwasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.
5.许老师说王硕研勤奋Mr.XusaidWangShuoyanwashard-working.
6.在英语上,与听相比,我更擅长于读InEnglishI’mbetteratreadingthanlistening.
7.情况怎样?How’sitgoing
8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了Shedidn’twanttobemybestfriendanymore.
9.Isaiditwouldstartabadhabitandthatshewoulddoherownwork.
10.That’saboutallthenewsIhavenow.MumandDadsendtheirlove.
11.Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.
12.TeachinghighschoolstudentsinapoormountainvillageinGansuProvincemaynotlikefuntoyou.
13.ThePekingUniversitygraduatefirstwentthereasanvolunteeronaone-yearprogram.
14.LifeinthemountainswasanewexperienceforLangLei.Hervillagewas2000metereabovethesealevelandatfirstthethinairmadeherfeelsick.
15.Youngpeopletodayneedtoexperiencedifferentthings
16.Someofthestudentsmaynotbeabletogotoseniorhighschoolorcollage.
17.Icanopenupmystudents’eyestotheoutsideworldandgivethemagoodstartinlife.
18.Shesaidshelikesbeingagoodinfluenceinthechildren’slives.
19.ShenowworksasamathteacheratahighschoolinthecityofPingliangGansuProvince.
20.YouareatB’shouseworkingonahomeworkproject.
21.YouweresupposedtomeetatthebusstopthismorningtoreturnitbutAdidn’tcometothebusstop.
22.AcallsyouwithamessageforC.PassonthemessageandthengiveC’sanswertoA.
23.Whataresomethingsthathappenonsoapoperas本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语
(一)直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语间接引语一般构成宾语从句直接引语必须放在引号内,间接引语则不用引号直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变
1.时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said,asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态,即把原来的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等例如 Tomsaidtome“Mybrotherisdoinghishomework.” →Tomsaidtomethathisbrotherwasdoinghishomework.
2.人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化;根据意义进行相应的变化如 SheaskedJack“Wherehaveyoubeen”→SheaskedJackwherehehadbeen. Hesaid“Thesebooksaremine.”→Hesaidthatthosebookswerehis.
(二)直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是因为原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同
1.陈述句的间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,由that引导,可以省略 “Iwanttheblueone.”hetoldus.“我想要兰色的”他说 →Hetoldusthathewantedtheblueone.他说他想要兰色的 Shesaidtome“Youcan’tdoanythingnow.”她对我说“此刻你无法做任何事情”→ShetoldmethatIcouldn’tdoanythingthen. 她对我说那时我无法做任何事
2.疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同引述动词常用askwonderwanttoknow等间接疑问句一般有三种1.一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether或if引导如 “HasheeverworkedinShanghai”Jimasked.“他在上海工作过吗?”吉姆问 →Jimaskedwhether/ifhehadeverworkedinShanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过 “Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital”Theoldmanasked.那个老人问“你能告诉我去医院的路吗? →TheoldmanaskedwhetherIcouldtellhimthewaytothehospital.那老人问我是否能告诉他去医院路
2.特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原来的疑问词引导如 “Whichroomdoyoulivein”Heasked.“你住哪个房间?”他问我 →HeaskedmewhichroomIlivedin.他问我住哪个房间 “Whatdoyouthinkofthefilm”Sheasked.她问“你怎么看这部电影?” →Sheaskedherfriendwhatshethoughtofthefilm.她问她朋友怎么看这部电影
3.选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if…or引导如“IsityourbikeorTom’sMumasked.妈妈问“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的?”→Mumaskedwhether/ifitwasmybikeorTom’s.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的“Doesyoursisterlikebluedressesorgreenones”Kateasked.“你妹妹喜欢兰色的裙子还是绿色的?”凯特问 →Kateaskedwhether/ifmysisterlikedbluedressesorgreenones.凯特问我妹妹喜欢兰色裙子还是绿色的
3.祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell,ask,order,beg,request,order等,而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语如 Jacksaid“PleasecometomyhousetomorrowMary. ”杰克说“玛丽,明天请到我家来” →JackaskedMarytogotohishousethenextday. 杰克请玛丽第二天到他家去 Theteachersaidtothestudents”Stoptalking.”老师对学生们说“不要讲话了” →Theteachertoldthestudentstostoptalking.老师让学生们不要说话了 “Don’ttouchanything.”Hesaid.“不要碰任何东西”他说 →Hetoldusnottotouchanything.他对我们说不要碰任何东西
4.动词时态和代词等的变动
1.某些代词,限定词,表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则直接引语 间接引语today thatdaynow thenatthatmomentyesterday thedaybeforethedaybeforeyesterday twodaysbeforetomorrow thenextday/thefollowingdaythedayaftertomorrow twodaysafter/intwodaysnextweek/monthetc thenextweek/monthetclastweek/monthetc theweek/monthetc.beforehere therethis thatthese thosecome gobring take
2.如果引述动词为现在时形式,则间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化而如果引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化变化情况如下现在时间推移到过去的时间注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时→一般过去时;现在进行时→过去进行时;一般将来时→过去将来时;现在完成时→过去完成时;。