还剩19页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
选修8 Unit1 Alandofdiversity要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1.distinctadj.清晰的;明显的;明确的→distinctionn.差别;区分;卓著2.meansn.手段;方法3.majorityn.大多数;大半→minorityn.少数4.despiteprep.尽管;不管5.electvt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人→electionn.选举6.percentagen.百分比;百分率7.boomn.人口、贸易的繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期8.applicantn.申请人→applyv.申请→applicationn.申请9.customsn.海关;关税;进口税10.occurvi.发生;出现11.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→indicationn.迹象→indicatorn.指示器,指示物12.luggagen.行李13.apparentadj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→apparentlyadv.明显地14.slipvi.滑动;滑行;滑跤n.滑动;滑倒15.hirevt.n.租用,雇用16.nowhereadv.无处;到处都无17.punishmentn.处罚;惩罚→punishv.惩罚;处罚18.justicen.正义;公平→injustice反义词●重点短语1.liveon 继续存在;继续生存2.bymeansof...用……办法;借助……3.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等4.keepup坚持;维持;沿袭风俗、传统等5.backtoback背靠背6.teamupwith与……合作或一起工作7.markout画线;标出……界线8.takein包括;吸收9.agreat/goodmany许多;很多10.applyfor申请;请示得到●重点句型1.HoweveritislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而,美洲土著人很可能在15000年前就在加州生活着2.TwocenturieslatertheSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStates.二百年后,西班牙人定居在南美洲大多数地区以及现在美国的西北沿海3.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.这就是今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因4.AlthoughChineseimmigrantsbegantoarriveduringtheGoldRushPerioditwasthebuildingoftherailnetworkfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbroughtevenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了,但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的5.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroupsbutsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们相信过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体,而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体●高考范文2008·江苏实现有效的沟通,建立良好的人际关系,不仅要善于言表,更要学会倾听请你根据下表中所提供的信息,写一篇题为BeingaGoodListener的英文演讲稿注意
1.对所给要点逐一陈述,适当发挥,不要简单翻译2.词数150左右开头和结尾已经写好,不计入总词数3.演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名Goodafternooneveryone!Thetopicofmyspeechtodayis“BeingaGoodListener”.________________________________________________________________________Thankyouforyourlistening![范文]Good_afternoon_everyone!The_topic_of_my_speech_today_is_“Being_a_Good_Listener”.Goodlisteningcanalwaysshowrespectpromoteunderstandingandimproveinterpersonalrelationship.Manypeoplesuggestthatparentsshouldlistenmoretotheirchildrensotheywillunderstandthembetterandfinditeasytonarrowthegenerationgap;teachersshouldlistenmoretotheirstudentsthentheycanmeettheirneedsbetterandplacethemselvesinagoodrelationshipwiththeirstudents;studentsshouldlistenmoretotheirclassmatesthustheywillhelpandlearnfromeachotherandafriendshipislikelytobeformed.WhatIwanttostressisthateachofusshouldlistenmoretoothers.Showyourrespectandneverstopotherstilltheyfinishtheirtalk;showyouareinterestedbyasupportivesilenceoraknowingsmile;beopen-mindedtodifferentopinionseventhoughyoudontlikethem.Inawordgoodlisteningcanreallyenableustogetclosertoeachother.Thank_you_for_your_listening!考点探究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1.meansn.方法;手段byallmeans务必;一定;当然可以byanymeans无论如何bynomeans决不用于句首时引起部分倒装bythis/thesemeans用这种/这些办法bymeansof依靠……方法,借助……手段[即学即练1]1Takingaplaneis________________________gettingthere.去那儿最快的方式是坐飞机2Allpossiblemeans______beentried.=Everypossiblemeans______beentried.所有每一种可能的办法都已经试过了thequickestmeansofhavehas3Thisplanmustberealized__________________.这个计划必须完成4Thoughtsareexpressed__________________words.思想靠语言来表达5Bynomeans__________________leftalone.绝不能把他单独留下byallmeansbymeansofshouldhebe提示1means表示“方法、方式、手段”,其单复数同形当means做主语且有everyeach等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;有someseveralmanyfewall等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数2bythismeans强调的是“有条理的办事方法”;inthisway强调的是“用简便的方法”,in有时候可以省略;withthismethod强调的是“用已形成的系统的、理论的方法”2.majorityn.大多数,大半themajority大多数其做主语表整体时,谓语用单数;若表成员情况时,谓语用复数themajorityof+n.[U]+单数谓语themajorityof+n.[pl.]+复数谓语beinthemajority占大多数by/withamajorityof以大多数……赢得……[即学即练2]1____________werepresentatthemeeting.大多数人出席了会议2__________________thepeopleseemtopreferwatchinggamestoplayinggames.大部分人似乎喜欢观看比赛胜于参加比赛ThemajorityThemajorityof 3Hewaselectedby________________________
765.他以765票的多数票当选alargemajorityof3.occurvi.发生,出现occurred;occurringoccurrencen.发生;出现sth.occurstosb.sth.strikessb.sth.comestosb.Itoccurstosb.todosth.Itoccurstosb.that-clauseItstrikessb.that-clause某人想起/想到……[即学即练3]1Thesametheme______inmanyofhisworks.同一个主题在他的许多作品中都有2Theaccident_______________atfiveo‘clock.事故发生在五点钟3Anidea____________me.我想到一个主意4______________________________toaskforhelp.她没想到请别人帮忙occursoccurredoccurredtoItdidn’toccurtoher5___________________________________shewouldrefusehisinvitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请Itdidn’toccurtohimthat4.indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示indicationn.指示;象征;预示indicatesth.tosb.向某人指出/暗示某物indicatethat...示意;表明indicationofdoingsth.……的迹象[即学即练4]1Research__________thatmenareeasiertogiveupsmokingthanwomen.研究表明,男人比女人更容易戒烟2Ahighfeverusually___________severeillness.高烧通常表明生了重病indicatesindicates3Snow____________thecomingofwinter.雪象征着冬天的来到indicates5.makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;谋生cometolife变得活跃起来bringsb./sth.tolife使某物更生动;使某人/某物苏醒laydownone’slifeforsb./sth.为……牺牲生命,献身lead/livea...life过着……的生活make/earnaliving谋生[即学即练5]1TheyemigratedtoAustraliato______________________________.他们移民到澳大利亚,开始全新的生活2Hersongs______ourhistory____________again.她的歌曲又一次重现了我们的历史makeanewlifetherebringtolife3Joanne__________________asadancerinanightclub.乔安妮在夜总会当舞女,以此谋生4Thematchfinally__________________inthesecondhalf.比赛在下半场终于精彩起来5Theywerepreparedto________________________fortheircountry.他们准备为国捐躯earnsalivingcametolifelaydowntheirlives6.keepup保持,维持;使不下降;继续keepupwith赶上,不落后keepoutof不准入内keepoff离开,避开keepback阻止;扣留keepon继续[即学即练6]1Wesangaswemarchedto_______________________.我们一面行进一面唱歌以保持高昂的情绪2Weshould______________________________.我们应该沿袭我们的优良传统keepourspiritsupkeepupourgoodtraditions3Theshortageofsuppliesis________________________.供应不足使价格保持紧挺4Idon’tthinkIcan__________________anylonger.我认为这事我再也坚持不下去了5Davecouldn’t__________________therestofhisclass.戴夫跟不上班里的其他同学keepingthepriceup keepthisupkeepupwith6____________thegrass!勿踏草坪!7Shewasunableto____________hertears.她无法忍受眼泪Keepoffkeepback7.takein欺骗;留……住宿;理解;领悟;吸入;改小衣服;包括;包含[即学即练7] 写出下列句中takein的意思1Thereshewastakeninbyanagedcouple._____________收留2Dontletyourselfbetakeninbyhistricks.______________________3Thestudentsfounditeasytotakeinwhattheirteacherhadtaught.____________________欺骗 领悟4ThedresswastoobigsoItookitin._____________________________5ThetourtakesinsixEuropeancapitals.________________________改小衣服包括拓展takeaway拿走;使离开;消除病痛等takedown记下来;拆掉takefor错当做;误以为takeoff起飞,匆匆离去;脱下takeon呈现;雇用takeover接收,接管,取代taketo喜欢;养成……的习惯takeup占去,占据;开始;从事8.agood/greatmany许多,很多agood/greatmany=many=agreatnumberof+n.pl.agreatmanyofthemus代词thethesethose+n.pl.manya+单数可数名词+单数谓语动词[即学即练8]1Tomfoundthattherewere__________________________peoplealreadythere.汤姆发现那儿已经有很多人了2Itseemsthat________________________themareoutofworknow.似乎他们中的许多人现在失业了agreat/goodmanyagreat/goodmanyof3Manyastudent______thissong.很多学生喜欢这首歌likesⅡ.重点句型详解1.Howeverit_is_likely_thatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.然而,美洲土著人有可能在至少15000年前就在加州生活着本句式中it为形式主语,真正的主语为that从句Itislikelythat...……是可能的此句型可转化为Sb./Sth.belikelytodo...某人/物可能干某事
①She‘sverylikelytoringmetonight.=It’slikelythatshewillringmetonight.她今晚很可能给我打电话
②It‘slikelythatitwillsnowtonight.=Itislikelytosnowtonight.今天晚上可能下雪[即境活用1] Ronaldowas______towinthe100-meterhurdleracebuthefelltothegroundandmissedthechance.A.possible B.probableC.likelyD.maybe答案C解析当possible或probable做表语时,主语只能是事物或代词it;而likely做表语时,主语可以是人,也可以是物maybe是副词,只能做状语,不能做表语2.It_is_believed_thatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroupsbutsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.过不了多久国籍间相混的程度将如此大以至于不再有明显的种族或文化团体,而仅仅是一个种族和文化的混合体本句用的句型是Itisbelievedthat-clauseit是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that-clause类似的结构还有Itbesaid/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported+that-clause.此句型可转化成1Peoplesay/know/agree/think/suppose/report+that-clause.2Sb./Sth.besaid/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported+todo.
①ItisbelievedthatMrSmithisinnocent.=MrSmithisbelievedtobeinnocent.人们认为史密斯先生是无辜的
②ItisbelievedthatProfessorJohnsonhasfinishedhissecondnovel.=ProfessorJohnsonisbelievedtohavefinishedhissecondnovel.人们相信约翰逊教授已完成了他的第二部小说[即境活用2] Thelakebythevillageisbelieved______anumberofvictimsinthepast3years.A.toclaimB.tohaveclaimedC.claimingD.beingclaiming答案B解析句意为“人们相信村子旁边的湖泊在过去的三年里已要了许多人的命”在这种形式中,believe后面不能跟v.-ing形式;由inthepast3years可知,事情是已发生的,因此,需用不定式的完成式与之相对应易错点拨自我完善·误区备考
1.means/manner/method/approach/way1means表示“方法”“手段”“工具”“财产”,与of搭配2manner表示“方式”“方法”,指个人喜欢采用的方式,与of搭配3method指做某事的具体步骤或程序,也指系统的、抽象概念的原理,与of搭配4way是最通用的词,也是最不正式的词本义是“通路”,引申作“方式”“方法”讲,含义很广,与of或动词不定式搭配5approach也有“方法,步骤,途径”的意思它侧重指待人接物或思考问题的方式与toward或to搭配[应用1] 1Thisbookprovidesagood_____________topsychology.本书提供研究心理学的良好门径2The_____________oftheirmeetingmakesagoodstory.他们相见的方式似乎有些传奇色彩Approach manner3Thequickest___________oftravelisbyplane.最快的旅行方式是乘飞机4Inthis_____________overseveraldaystheartistandhismousebecamefriends.就这样过了几天,这位艺术家和他的老鼠成了好朋友5Heisamanof________.他是个有条理的人meanswaymethod
2.occur/happen/takeplace1occur用法较正式,指偶然发生的或未按计划发生的事情,可用于具体的或抽象的事物2happen发生;巧遇,含义广泛,指具体客观事物的发生,尤指偶然事件的发生,后可接不定式,也可接介词to,常用在Ithappens/happenedthat...结构中3takeplace发生;举行,主要用来指预先计划好的事情[应用2] 1It____________thattheywereallthere.正好他们都在那儿2Greatchangeshave______________inourschool.我们学校发生了巨大的变化3TheMay4thMovement_____________in
1919.五四运动发生在1919年happenedtakenplaceoccurred4Theconference_________intheGreatHallofthePeople.会议在人民大会堂举行5I______________tomeetherinthestreetyesterday.我昨天碰巧在街上遇到她tookplacehappened
3.hire/employ1hire一般指短期的“雇用”,它侧重指为工资wage而工作2employ指“公司,商店”等的长期“雇用”,或指相对固定的工作,它侧重于服务方面[应用3] 1Thefirm_____________morethan100people.这家公司雇用100多名职工2He__________amantolookafterhisgarden.他雇了一个人来照料他的花园employshired高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1.TheTaiwanS_______separatesTaiwanIslandfromthemainland.2.Onlyafewofthemthoughthighlyoftheplan.Them_________wereagainstit.3.NowinChinaanincreasingp___________ofthepopulationhavetheirowncars.4.Therewere1200a_______________forthejob.Strait majoritypercentageapplicants5.Myfatherh______threementohelphimwiththeharvestlastsummer.6.Hehastwenty______牛onhisfarm.7.Hehassixpiecesof______行李.8.____________显然,hehaslostinterestinphysics.9.Nowandthensome_________海鸥cameintosight.10.Thegovernmentannouncedadditionruleson___________________移民.hired cattleluggageApparentlyseagullsimmigrationⅡ.单项选择1.—Doyouthinkweshouldputanadinthepaperforthelostchild—Yes______.A.thatsallrightB.byallmeansC.itjustdependsD.nevermind答案B解析由Yes可知表示同意,选byallmeans“务必;一定;当然可以”A、D项表示“没关系”;C项“看情况而定”2.—Whatisboysfavoritesport—______ofboyslikeplayingfootball.A.NoneB.ThemostC.ThemajorityD.Every答案C解析themajorityofboys=mostboys=mostoftheboys“大多数男孩子”none不符合题意;every不能接of短语3.2007年辽宁Dontbe______byproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.A.takenoffB.takenoutC.takenawayD.takenin答案D解析A.起飞,脱掉,事业腾飞;B.拿出;C.带走;D.欺骗由句意可知D项正确4.TotraveltotheUnitedStatesyoumustfirstapply______theAmericanEmbassy______yourvisa.A.for;toB.to;forC.for;forD.to;to答案B解析考查apply短语的用法applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物句意为要去美国旅行,你要首先向美国大使馆申请签证5.Theagreementindicatesthatthetwocompanieswill______witheachotheragain.A.teamupB.turnupC.lookupD.pickup答案A解析考查动词短语辨析A项表示“与……合作”,符合句意B项表示“出现;到达”;C项表示“向上看;查寻”;D项表示“捡起,接收”,均不合题意6.Itisvery______thatinmanyschoolsthestudentsaregoingtospendlesstimeindoinghomeworkthantheyusedto.A.possiblyB.probablyC.lovelyD.likely答案D解析句意为在很多学校学生做作业的时间可能将比原来少用itislikelythat句型,其他三个词不用于这个结构7.Shemanagedtoclimboutofthecar______unhurt.A.apparentlyB.occasionallyC.freelyD.peacefully答案A解析考查副词A.看起来,显然;B.偶尔;C.无拘无束地;D.peacefully和平地由题意,选A8.2010·黄冈中学-Sunnydayisntit-Letshopethesunnyweather______forSaturdaystennismatch.A.carriesonB.movesonC.keepsupD.goesup答案C解析考查动词短语的辨析keepup保持,继续,符合语意“希望好天气保持到星期六的网球比赛”carryon继承;moveon继续进行;goup上升,增长9.2010·临川一中Ifyoudont______theadviceofyourteachersyoullregretitsoonerorlater.A.regardB.enjoyC.valueD.think答案C解析考查动词辨析如果你不重视老师的建议,迟早会后悔的,用value表示“重视”其他动词的含义不符合语意10.______thestudentsinourschoolgotocollegeintheirteens.A.AgoodmanyB.AgreatmanyofC.AgreatdealofD.Agreatdeal答案B解析agoodmanystudents许多学生agreatdealof修饰不可数名词11.Itsuddenly______tothedetectivethatthemillionairewasprobablymurderedbyhisowndaughter.A.happenedB.occurredC.thoughtD.tookplace答案B解析句意为“那个侦探突然想到那个百万富翁可能是被自己女儿杀死的”Itoccurredtosb.that...“某人想到……”12.Manystreetsinthiscityhavebeen______forculturalprotection.A.stretchedoutB.markedoutC.leftoutD.stoodout答案B解析markout标志;记出来stretchout伸出;leaveout丢、漏;standout脱颖而出,显眼13.Therestlessnessofanimals______apossibleoccurrenceofanearthquake.A.expressedB.impressedC.indicatedD.interpreted答案C解析indicate预示;暗示句意为“动物们不休息预示可能发生地震”14.Heissupposed______tothemeetingbuthedidnt.A.tocomeB.tohavecomeC.comingD.havingcome答案B解析考查sb./sth.issupposedtodo结构,且句中表示“本该到而未到”,故用tohavecome15.______sometimeskeepsherawakeatnight______Tomisgettingmoreandmorequietathome.A.That;whichB.It;thatC.Whether;whatD.What;that答案B解析考查名词性从句句中it是形式主语,真正的主语为that从句Ⅲ.阅读理解ABeijingOct.15-Chinaisgoinggreen.Inordertoreduceairpollutionandoilshortagescarmakershaveannouncedtheirplanstodevelophybridvehicles混合燃料汽车fortheChinesemarket.ThefirstChinamadeToyotashybridcarPriushittheroadlastweek.Letshavealookatthenewcar.Anyvehicleisahybridwhenitcombinestwoormoresourcesofpower.Hybridcarsuseanelectricmotorwithrechargeablebatteries充电电池andagasolineengine.Ahybridcarhasasmallerthantraditionalgasolineengineandanelectricmotor.Thegasolineengineprovides99percentofthepowerwhenthecariscruising匀速行车.Theelectricmotorprovidesextrapowerforrunninguphillsorwhenextraacceleration加速度isneeded.StepintoaPriusandturnonthepower.Thefirstthingyounoticeisthatitisquieterthanatraditionalcar.Atthispointthecarsgasolineengineisdormant.Theelectricmotorwillprovidepoweruntilthecarreachesabout24km/h.Ifyoustayatlowspeedyouareeffectivelydrivinganelectriccarwithnogasolinebeingusedandnoexhaustgasgivenoff.Anonboardcomputerdecideswhentousethegasolineenginewhentogoelectricandwhentouseacombinationofthetwo.Ifyougoover24km/hwhenyousteponthegaspedal油门youaretellingthecomputerhowfastyouwanttogo.Theelectricmotorrechargesautomatically自动地whenbraking.Andwhendrivingatcertainspeedsthegasolineenginenotonlypowersthecarbutalsorechargesthebatteries.Whenyouusethebraketheelectricmotoractslikeagenerator发电机toproduceelectricitytorechargethebatteries.Batterieswilllastforaround200000miles.
1.Whenthehybridcariscruising______.A.onlythegasolineengineprovidespowerB.onlytheelectricmotorprovidespowerC.thereisnoneedtoprovidepowerD.boththegasolineengineandtheelectricmotorprovidepower答案及解析
1.D考查细节理解从第四段可知
2.Theunderlinedword“dormant”means______.A.inactiveB.outoforderC.workingD.nonstop答案及解析
2.A考查词义猜测从该词的前后两句话可知
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaccordingtothetextA.Thehybridcarisfriendlyenvironmental.B.Thehybridcarisabletogetitselfcharged.C.Thehybridcarhasbeenmadeinmass.D.Thehybridcarcandecidewhichpowertouse.答案及解析
3.C考查正误判断只说这种新型车上路了,但大量生产并没提到
4.Thebesttitleofthetextis______.A.TwoPoweredCarsB.GreenerMotorsforChinaC.CarsofSavingOilD.SaferMotorsatPresent答案及解析
4.B考查主题理解文章第一段是全文的中心,后面各段只是起补充说明的作用,因此B项最佳BThestorygoesthatsometimeagoamanpunishedhis3yearolddaughterforwastingarollofgoldwrappingpaper.Moneywastightandhebecameinfuriated愤怒的whenthechildtriedtodecorateaboxtoputundertheChristmastree.Neverthelessthelittlegirlbroughtthegifttoherfatherthenextmorningandsaid“ThisisforyouDaddy.”Themanwasembarrassedbyhisearlieroverreactionbuthisangerflaredagainwhenhefoundouttheboxwasempty.Heyelledatherstating“Dontyouknowwhenyougivesomeoneapresentthereissupposedtobesomethinginside?”Thelittlegirllookedupathimwithtearsinhereyesandcried“OhDaddyitsnotemptyatall.Iblewkissesintothebox.TheyreallforyouDaddy.”Thefatherwascrushed.Heputhisarmsaroundhislittlegirlandhebeggedforherforgiveness.Onlyashorttimelateranaccidenttookthelifeofthechild.Itisalsotoldthatherfatherkeptthatgoldboxbyhisbedformanyyearsandwheneverhewasdiscouragedhewouldtakeoutanimaginarykissandremembertheloveofthechildwhohadputitthere.InaveryrealsenseeachoneofusashumanbeingshasbeengivenagoldcontainerfilledwithunconditionalloveandkissesfromourchildrenfamilymembersfriendsandGod.Thereissimplynootherpossessionanyonecouldholdmorepreciousthanthis.
5.The3-year-oldgirlwaspunishedbyherfatherfor______.A.wastinggoldB.wastingwrappingpaperC.puttingtheboxundertheChristmastreeD.bringingthegifttoherfather答案及解析
5.B细节题小女孩用的是包装金纸,不是金子6.WhatsinsidetheboxaccordingtothelittlegirlA.Nothing.B.Air.C.Kisses.D.Goldwrappingpaper.答案及解析
6.C细节题根据第二段倒数第二句Iblewkissesintothebox可知.7.Thefatherrememberedtheloveofhisdaughterby______.A.kissingthegoldboxB.puttinggoldintotheboxC.takingoutanimaginarykissfromtheboxD.keepingthelittlegirlsashboxbyhisbed答案及解析
7.C细节题倒数第二段
8.Choosethebesttitleforthepassage.A.TheKissesintheBoxB.AGirlandHisFatherC.ALoveStoryD.TheBoxUndertheChristmasTree答案及解析
8.A主旨大意题虽然thekissesinthebox也是文章中的一个细节,但却是文章的主线,体现出了文章的中心思想C选项范围过大,B和D是文中细节,没有概括作用www.gkstk.comwww.gkstk.com。