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定语从句在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句作定语在先行词的后面引导定语从句的词有关系代词,thatwhichwho宾格whom所有格whose和关系副词whenwherewhy关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间其联系作用,同时又做定语从句的一个成分1,关系代词的用法
1.that指物,有时也指人,在从句中做主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可以省略
(1)hisfatherworksinafactorythat/whichmakestvsets.主语指物
(2)Whowashurtintheaccidentthat/whichhappenedyesterday.主语指物
(3)Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.主语指物
(4)Thecoatwhich/thatIputonthedeskisblack.宾语可省略
(5)Thebooksthat/whichtheyboughtwerewrittenbyme.宾语可省略
(6)注意which和that指物时可以互换,但that比which更常见,尤其在口语中,但要注意that可指人而which则不能指人
2.who指人,that指物外有时也指人,在从句中做主语或宾语宾语可省略,作主语不可以省略
(1)thegirlwhooftenhelpsmewithmyenglishisfromengland.主语
(2)theteacherwhospokeatthemeetingjustnowishavingarestinhisoffice.
(3)Anyonewhowantstopasstheexammustworkhardeveryday.
(4)Theboythat/whoisplayingfootballonthegroundismybrother.
(5)Thegirlwho/thatweren’tbadlyhurtintheaccidentaremyclassmates.
(6)Thegirlwho/thatIlikeisn’therenow.宾语可省略
(7)Heknewtheteacherwho/whom/thatwemetyesterday.3Whom指人为who的宾格其前没有介词时可以用who代替也可省略
(1)whoistheteacherthat/whom/whoxiaoliistalkingto2thedoctorwithwhomshewenttotheunitedstateslastmonthisveryfamous.注意在定语从句中常用介词,当介词放在从句末尾时,who/that/which仍然可以省去,但把介词提到关系代词前,只能用介词加which/whom的结构这时which不能用that代替Whom也不可用who代替如theroomthat/whichIliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.注意固定词组,不可把介词提到前边如herearethepicturebooksthat/whichthechickenarelookingfor.只能that不能用which引导的定语从句
(1)定语从句所修饰的词被形容词最高级所修饰时e.g.thisisthemostinterestingstorythatIhaveeverheard.可省略
(2)定语从句所修饰的词被序数词所修饰时Thechildrenlikethesecondlessonthatisabout”thefootballmatch”
(3)定语从句所修饰的词被theonlytheverythesame所修饰时ItistheonlywordthatIknowinthepassage.可省略ThisisthesamebikethatIlost.这就是我丢的那个车
(4)定语从句所修饰的词被不定代词,allanynoeverylittlemuchmany等词修饰时,只能用that引导,但something前有the时定语从句可由which引出修饰thesomething.HereissomethingthatIwilltellyou.IwanteverythingthatIwantHereiseverythingthatmakeseushappy.
6.d定语从句修饰词中同时含有人和物时只能用THAT.IcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepicturesthatIseeintheroom
7.定语从句所修饰词为theone用that引出定语从句Isittheonethatyouwant可省略
8.为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后用that引出定语从句WhoisthegirlthatwonthefirstplaceThesame…..that表示同一个人或物,that只起加强相同语气的作用即便省去不改变句意,名词前的same也可省略,而thesame…as中的same和as则不能省,只表示与一模一样,而不一定是同一个人或物Eg.Iwanttobuythesamebookthatyoubought.可以省略Iwanttobuythesamebookasyoubought.二.关系副词的用法;引导从句的词除了关系代词外,还有关系副词,whenwherewhy.1when.指时,在定语从句中做时间状语
(1)istillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametobeijing.2IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.When=onwhich指theday.
3.where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语thisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.Iknowaplacewherewecanswim.4whose是who的所有格,在从句中用作定语,多指人Youaretheonlyonewhoseadvicehemightlistento.Theboyswhosenameswerecalledstoodup.I’dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.人教版新目标九年级Unit6单元语法精讲在八年级的学习中,同学们已经认识了宾语从句和状语从句,现在我们来认识一位从句家族的新成员,它叫定语从句让我先介绍一下吧
1、结构所谓定语,就是名词和代词的修饰成分,如agoodboy中good是定语,badweather中bad是定语当定语需要用一个句子才能表达完整时,就出现了定语从句与前面的good和bad的位置不同,定语从句要放在名词或代词的后面,这时的名词或代词叫做先行词,而从句应翻译在先行词的前面如Iknowthegirlwhoisrunning.我认识那个正在跑步的女孩(先行词)(定语从句)(定语从句)(先行词)Canyouseethebookthatisonthetable你看见桌子上的那本书了吗?(先行词)(定语从句)(定语从句)(先行词)
2、关系代词的使用以上两个例句中的who和that就是定语从句中的关系代词关系代词在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的一个结构,代替先行词在从句中充当的成分同学们可以参照下表来学习关系代词指代范围例句that在从句中可以作主语或宾语指代人
①ThatisthePEteacherthatplayssoccerbest.作主语这就是踢足球最棒的那位体育老师
②Heisn’tthepersonthatItalkedtojustnow.(作宾语)他不是刚才我与之谈话的那个人指代物
③Ilikethecatthathasfourwhitefeet.(作主语)我喜欢那只长着四只白色爪子的猫
④ThisisthecatthatIlikebest.(作宾语)这就是我最喜欢的那只猫who:在从句中可以作主语whom:在从句中可以作宾语指代人
⑤ThatisthePEteacherwhoplayssoccerbest.作主语这就是踢足球最棒的那位体育老师
⑥Heisn’tthepersonwhomItalkedtojustnow.(作宾语)他不是刚才我与之谈话的那个人which:在从句中可以作主语或宾语指代物
⑦Canyoushowmetheclothingstorewhichisthenearest作主语你能指给我最近的服装店吗?
⑧Thebookwhichyou’relookingforisTom’s.作宾语你正找的那本书是汤姆的whose:在从句中作定语指代人
⑨Doyouknowtheboywhosemotherisourmathteacher你认识那个他妈妈是咱们数学老师的男孩吗?指代物⑩Myunclehasboughtanewcarwhosecolorislightblue.我叔叔买了一辆颜色是浅蓝色的新车使用关系代词时要注意,关系代词在从句中作宾语时是可以省略的,如上表中的
②④⑥⑧四个例句,还可以理解为在从句中已有独立主语的情况下,关系代词可以省略
1.Thetown_______wevisitedafewyearsagoismuchlargethanbefore.A.itB.whoC.whichD.when
2.Mianyangisabeautifulcity______attractsmillionsoftouristseachyear.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.who
3.Ilikethemusic_________Icandanceto.A.thatB.whoseC.whenD.who
4.---Doyouliketheredcar______ismadeinTianjin ---Sureitlooksterrific.A.where B.who C.which D.when
5.I’mafootballfan.I’minterestedineverything ______________isaboutthe2006WorldCup.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.when
6.一Isthegirl______isinterviewingthemanagerofthatcompanyyourfriend 一Yes,sheisajournalistfromCCTV.A.whom B.which C.who D.whose
7.Thespaceship_______willbelaunched发射in2008willbecalledShenzhouVII.A.who B.that C.what D.when
8.Thenumberofpeople________losttheirlivesinIndonesianearthquake(印尼地震)reachedasmanyas
6200.A.which B.who C.whom D./
9.Themovieisaboutatruestory_____happenedinKoreain
1945.A.itB.whoC.whichD.when
10.A.AgirlcalledLiuFangyantakesgoodcareofherblindmother.同意句变化B.Thegirlwho______ _______LiuFangyanlooksafterherblindmothercarefully.答案
1、C
2、B
3、A
4、C
5、B
6、C
7、B
8、B
9、C
10、iscalled初中英语定语从句用法及配套练习 I.单项填空
1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather? -Yes,he’sourheadmaster. A.heB. who C.which D.whom
2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim? A.which B.inwhich C.that D.theone
3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow. A.where B.which C.that D.it
4.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday? A.thatyoubought B.youboughtit C.thatyouboughtit D.whichyouboughtit
5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands. A.whichagreesB.whoagree C.whoagrees D.whichagree
6.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing. A.that B.it C.which D.who
7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegate A.who’s B.whose C.that D.ofwhich.
8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister. A.which;is B.whom;was C.who;is D.who;was
9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly. A.that B.which C.where D.who
10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter. A.inthatwelive B.onwhichwelive C.wherewelivein D.welivein Ⅱ、用适当的关系代词thatwhichwhowhom填空
1.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.
3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.
4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
5.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow? 参考答案 I.1-5BBCAC 6-10ABCCD如何区分定语从句?简单句aredcoat定语(作coat的定语,起限定的作用)定语从句复合句Ihaveacoatwhichisred定语从句(来限定说明coat)先行词关系词(包括关系代词和关系副词)▲定义在复合句中,修饰某一个名词或代词,或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句它位于被修饰的词后面,其作用相当于一个形容词被修饰的词叫做先行词定语从句常由关系代词whowhomwhosethatwhichas和关系副词whenwherewhy引导如何使用关系代词
1、先行词指人时,关系代词可用whowhomthatwho在从句中只作主语,whom在从句中只作宾语,that在从句中可作主语或宾语,若在从句中作宾语则常被省略如
1.Afriendwho/thathelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.
2.Thestudentswhom/thatyouteacharenowdoingexperiments.
2、行词指物时,关系代词用that或which在从句中可作主语或宾语,作宾语时,可省略如
1.Thesearethetreesthat/whichwereplantedlastyear.
2.Isthisthebookthat/whichyouarelookingfor?lookfor寻找
三、that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略
1.Thebookthatyouarereadingismine.
2.Thebookwhichyouarereadingismine.which在本句中作宾语则不能省略
四、whose前的先行词多数是指人,也可指物如
1.Thebookwhosecoverisredbelongsto(属于)me.
2.Thegirlwhosecoatisredismysister.如何使用关系副词
一、先行词是一个表示时间的词如timehourdaymonthyear时,其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状语,则用关系副词when即先行词是时间时,关系副词用when1. Istillremembertheday_C__IfirstmetMary.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.Who
3、先行词是一个表示地点的词时,关系副词用where1. Isthisthefactory_B_heworkedtenyearsagoA.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone2. Thisisthecity_A_Ilivedtwoyearsago.A.where B.which C.that D.inwhich
四、行词是thereason时,关系副词用why也可省略如1. ThatisthereasonwhyIdidit.2. Doyouknowthereasonwhyshehaschangedhermind定语从句练习
一、将下列句子合并成带有定语从句的复合句
1.Heistheyoungwriter.Hewrotethebook.
2.DoyouknowthedoctorHecomeshereonceamonth.
3.Ivereceivedthebook.Fathersentittome.
4.WhatsthenameofthegirlHergrandpatookpartintheLongMarch.
5.Themanlooksliketheactor.IveheardhissongsonTV.
6.DoyouseethebridgeItwasbuiltlastyear.
7.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.
8.Thebikewasnotgood.Youwantedtobuyit.
三、选择填空
1.Doyouknowthegirl_____necklacehasbeenstolenA.herB.whichC.thatD.whose
2.WhenshecamebackfromLondonshetoldusabouttheschoolsandteachers_____shehadvisited.A.whyB.thatC.whichD.where
3.Thenotebook_____coverisredismine.A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.that
4.Thebestbooks______Iborrowedfromthelibraryareallhere.A.whereB.thatC.whatD.whatever
5.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherdayA.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone
6.Isthisfactory______heworkedtenyearsagoA.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneHeistheyoungwriterwhowrotethebook.Doyouknowthedoctorwhocomeshereonceamonth.IvereceivedthebookwhichFathersenttome.WhatsthenameofthegirlwhosegrandpatookpartintheLongMarch.ThemanlooksliketheactorwhosesongsI’veheardonTV.Doyouseethebridgewhichwasbuiltlastyear.Theoldmanisaprofessorwhoteacheschemistryinacollege.Youwanttobuythebikewhichisnotgood.DBCBAD初中英语语法定语从句语法专项训练用适当的关系词填空
1.Istillrememberthenight_______Ifirstcametothehouse.
2.Illneverforgettheday________ wemeteachotherlastweek.
3.MrBlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober_______isthebestseasonthere.
4.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithyourfamily.
5.Illneverforgetthelastday______wespenttogether.
6.Thisistheschool______Iusedtostudy.
7.Doyoustillremembertheplace______wevisitedlastweek
8.Doyoustillremembertheplace_______wevisitedthepaintingexhibition
9.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou_____isfamousfortheWestLake
10.HaveyoueverbeetoHangzhou______liestheWestLake
11.TomwillgotoShanghai______livehistwobrothers.
12.IliveinBeijing____isthecapitalofChina.
13.Therewasatime______therewereslavesintheUSA.
14.Itisthethirdtime______youhavemadethesamemistake.
15.Itwasinthestreet_____ImetJohnyesterday.
16.Itwasabout600yearsago____thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.
17.Themoment_____IsawyouIrecognized认出you.
18.Thisistheverynovelabout____wevetalkedsomuch.
19.Thisistheway____hedidit.
20.Whoisthestudent_____waslateforschooltoday
21.Who_____knowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim
22.Whatelsewasthereinmybrother____youdidntlike
23.Helivesintheroom____windowfacestothesouth.
24.Helivesintheroomthewindow_____facestothesouth.
25.ThisisMr.Johnfor____sonIbroughtabookyesterday.
26.ThisisMr.Johnfor_____Iboughtabookyesterday.
27.Thisisthehour_____theplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.
28.Andthereisonepoint______Idlikeyouradvice.
29.Winteristhetimeofyear______thedaysareshortandnightsarelong.
30.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplace____youmayspendyourweekend.
1.-Doyouknowtheman______istalkingwithyourfather?-Yes,he’sourheadmaster.A.heB. who C.which D.whom
2.Isthistheriver_____Icanswim?A.which B.inwhich C.that D.theone
3.Thisisthebesthotelinthecity_____Iknow.A.where B.which C.that D.it
4.Canyoulendmethedictionary______theotherday?A.thatyoubought B.youboughtitC.thatyouboughtit D.whichyouboughtit
5.Anyone______withwhatIsaidmayputupyouhands.A.whichagrees B.whoagreeC.whoagrees D.whichagree
6.Mywatchisnottheonlything______ismissing.A.that B.it C.which who
7.Theman______coatisblackiswaitingatthegateA.who’s B.whose C.that ofwhich.
8.Thegirl______isreadingunderthetree_____mysister.A.which;is B.whom;was C.who;is D.who;was
9.Iloveplaces______thepeoplearereallyfriendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who
10.Theworld______ismadeupofmatter.A.inthatwelive B.onwhichweliveC.wherewelivein D.weliveinⅡ.用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空
1.Thefirstthing______youmustdoistohaveameal.
2.April1stistheday_____iscalledAprilFool’sDayinthewest.
3.Thefamily_____hadlosteverythinginabigfiregotmuchhelpfromtheirfriends.
4.Thehouse_____weliveinisveryold.
5.Didn’tyouseetheman______Italkedwithjustnow?KEYS:
1.when
2.when
3.which
4.that/which
5.that
6.where
7.that/which
8.where
9.which
10.where
11.where
12.which
13.when
14.that
15.that
16.that
17.that
18.which
19.that/inwhich
20.that
21.that 22that
23.whose
24.ofwhich
25.whose
26.whom
27.when
28.that
29.that
30.where参考答案I.1-5BBCAC 6-10ABCCDⅡ.
1.that
2.which/that
3.who/that
4.that/which
5.who/whom/that【中考范例】
1.2004年哈尔滨中考试题 ---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees ---Yeshedoes. A.which B.whose C.where D.who 【解析】答案D该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适
2.2004年常州市中考试题 Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant. A.who B.where C.what D.that 【解析】答案D该题考查的是定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是物,而关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,所以只有that合适
3.2004年扬州市中考试题 ---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday ---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity. A.whom B.who C.whose D.which 【解析】答案B该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适
4.2004年益阳市中考试题Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle. A.whose B.whom C.which D.who 【解析】答案D该题考查的是引导定语从句的关系代词的选择因为先行词是人,而关系代词又在定语从句中作主语,所以只有who合适【满分演练】【中考范例】
1. ---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees ---Yeshedoes. A.which B.whose C.where D.who
2. Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant. A.who B.where C.what D.that
3.---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday ---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity. A.whom B.who C.whose D.which
4.Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle. A.whose B.whom C.which D.who 一.单项填空
1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher ---Oh!It’sMr.Bakerourmathsteacher. A.he B.that C.whom D.which
2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble. A.who B.which C.they D.where
3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada. A.which B.when C.who D.whom
4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing. A.who B.whom C.he D.which
5.Thisistheplace _____Ihaveevervisited. A.there B.when C.where D.which
6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting. A.that B.which C.why D.when
7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife. A.that B.which C.where D.why
8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived. A.when B.where C.that D.which
9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily. A.when B.where C.that D.onwhich
10.Mr.White______carhadbeenstolencametothepoliceman. A.who B.that C.whose D.which
11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation. A.that B.which C.when D.where
12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy. A.inwhich B.that C.whose D.where
13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked. A.which B.that C.when D.where
14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn. A.that B.which C.when D.where
15.Helivedinasmallvillage______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation. A.that B.which C.where D.when二.用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句
1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.
2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.
3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.
4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.
5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.
6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.
7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.
8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.
9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.
10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.三.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空
1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.
2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.
3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.
4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.
5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.
6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.
7.Shewearsagoldring_______isveryuncommoninourclass.
8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.
9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived
10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.【练习答案】一.
1.B
2.A
3.C
4.A
5.D
6.C
7.C
8.A
9.C
10.C
11.D
12.B
13.D
14.D
15.B二.
1.Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismyyoungerbrother.
2.Theoldmanwhoteacheschemistryinacollegeisaprofessor.
3.BeijingHotelwheretheforeignvisitorsliveisnearTianAnMenSquare.
4.Thewomanwhomyouweretalkingaboutisherenow.
5.Thisisthehallwherewelistenedtothereporttheotherday.
6.Thecarwhichjustpasseduswasgoing90milesanhour.
7.Themanwhowaveduswasmyuncle.
8.Ienjoyedreadingthebookyougavemelastweek.
9.ThesubjectIpreferisscience.
10.ThemanIspoketoisaprofessor.三.
1.that/which
2.who/that
3.that/which
4.who/that
5.that
6.that
7.which
8.which/that
9.where
10.when定语从句考点集汇、讲解和训练定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词定语从句必须放在先行词之后引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词例如Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.DoyouknoweverybodywhocametothepartyIstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillageThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.TheboywhowesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.()TheletterthatIreceivedwasfrommyfather.()一.由who引导的定语从句修饰表示人的先行词例如:Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.DoyouknowthecomradewhospokejustnowTheboywhowesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.二.whose引导的定语从句修饰表示人或物的先行词DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.三.that引导的定语从句修饰表示人或物的先行词Theletterthat//whichIreceivedwasfrommyfather.Ican’tfindtheletterthat//whichcamethismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat//whichwespenttogetherThisisthemanthathelpedme.Thehousethat//whichweliveinisnotlarge.Thedoctorthatyouarelookingforisintheroom.四.which引导的定语从句修饰表示物的先行词.(that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,这种情况下通常可以互换)Thisisthebookwhich//thatyouwant.Thebuildingwhich//thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.Thehousewhich//thatweliveinisnotlarge.Thisisthewatchwhich//thathewaslookingfor.
五、由when引导的定语从句,修饰表示时间的先行词,IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.
六、由where引导的定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词Thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.
七、Why引导的定语从句,why做原因状语Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewasill.四.具体使用时还要注意下列问题
1.只能使用that不用which的情况1先行词是allfewlittlenothingeverythinganything等不定代词时例如 Allthathesaidistrue. 2先行词被onlynoanyall等词修饰时例如 Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace. 3先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词例如Hewasthesecondpersonthattoldmethesecret.4先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词ThisisthebestbookthatIhavereadthisyear.5先行词既包括人又包括物时例如Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.
2.只能用which,不用that的情况1在非限制性定语从中例如 Themeetingwasputoffwhichwasexactlywhatwewanted.2定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时例如Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.TheboywhowesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.()TheletterthatIreceivedwasfrommyfather.()练习1找出下列句子中的先行词和定语从句试翻译下列各句一.由who引导的定语从句修饰表示人的先行词Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.DoyouknowthecomradewhospokejustnowTheboywhowesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother.二.whose引导的定语从句修饰表示人或物的先行词DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.三.that引导的定语从句修饰表示人或物的先行词Theletterthat//whichIreceivedwasfrommyfather.Ican’tfindtheletterthat//whichcamethismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat//whichwespenttogetherThisisthemanthathelpedme.Thehousethat//whichweliveinisnotlarge.Thedoctorthatyouarelookingforisintheroom.四.which引导的定语从句修饰表示物的先行词.Thisisthebookwhich//thatyouwant.Thebuildingwhich//thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.Thehousewhich//thatweliveinisnotlarge.Thisisthewatchwhich//thathewaslookingfor.
五、由when引导的定语从句,修饰表示时间的先行词,IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.
六、由where引导的定语从句,修饰表示地点的先行词Thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.
七、Why引导的定语从句,why做原因状语Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathewasill.练习2用适当的关系词填空Istillrememberthenight________Ifirstcametothehouse.Illneverforgettheday________wemeteachotherlastweek.Thisistheschool________Iusedtostudy. Doyoustillremembertheplace________wevisitedthepaintingexhibitionIliveinBeijing________isthecapitalofChina.Winteristhetimeofyear________thedaysareshortandnightsarelong.Therewasatime________therewereslavesintheUSA.Itisthethirdtime________youhavemadethesamemistake.Itwasinthestreet________ImetJohnyesterday.Itwasabout600yearsago________thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.Themoment________IsawyouIrecognized认出you.Thisistheway________hedidit.Whoisthestudent________waslateforschooltodayHelivesintheroom________windowfacestothesouth.ThisisMr.Johnfor________sonIbroughtabookyesterday.Thisisthehour________theplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.Andthereisonepoint________Idlikeyouradvice.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplace_______youmayspendyourweekend.ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyougaveme.ThewhitefloweristheonlyonethatIreallylike.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.WhoisthemanthatisstandingthereWhichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthisWetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatwecouldremember.ThisisthelasttimethatIshallgiveyoualesson.ThefirsttimethatIsawhimwasin
1972.It’stimethatwegotup.IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothehouse.Illneverforgetthedaywhenwemeteachotherlastweek.ThisistheschoolwhereIusedtostudy. DoyoustillremembertheplacewherewevisitedtheexhibitionIliveinBeijingwhereisthecapitalofChina.Winteristhetimeofyearthatthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.TherewasatimewhentherewereslavesintheUSA.Itisthethirdtimethatyouhavemadethesamemistake.ItwasinthestreetthatImetJohnyesterday.Itwasabout600yearsagothatthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.ThemomentthatIsawyouIrecognized认出you.Thisisthewaythathedidit.WhoisthestudentthatwaslateforschooltodayHelivesintheroomwhosewindowfacestothesouth.ThisisMr.JohnforwhosesonIbroughtabookyesterday.Thisisthehourwhentheplaceisalwaysfullofwomenandchildren.AndthereisonepointthatIdlikeyouradvice.Ihopeyouwillfindthisvalleyabeautifulplacewhereyoumayspendyourweekend.定语从句练习
1.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this
2.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./
3.Thegirl_____yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as
4.Isthisthefactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterdayA.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom
5.Isthisfactory_____alotofstudentsvisitedyesterdayA.theoneB.thatC.whichD./
6.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it
7.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all
8._____cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho
9.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this
10.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./
11.Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat_____writtenbyhim.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are
12.Theman_____washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.he
13.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor
14.Those_____madenomistakesintoday’sexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who
15.Thefarm_____westayedlastweekisalovelyplaceforaholiday.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.atthat
16.Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD../
17.Thisistheschool_____Mr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthatB.whenC.whereD.there
18.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_____thefamousscientistwasbornA.whereB.inthatC.thatD.which
19.Thefactory_____Mr.Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
20.Doyoustillremembertheday_____wefirstmetA.thatB.whenC.whatD.onthat
21.October11949istheday_____we’llneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.inwhich
22.October11949wastheday_____thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich
23.Isthistheshop_____sellschildren’sclothingA.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.what
24.Isthismuseum_____theyvisitedlastmonthA.thatB.whichC.whereD.theone
25.Istillrememberthesitting-room_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
26.Haveyouseenthegirl_____A.thatItoldB.ItoldyouofC.whomItoldD.Itoldof
27.Thedaysaregone_____weuse“foreignmatches”.A.duringwhenB.duringthatC.onwhichD.duringwhich
28.Finallythethiefhandedineverything_____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whatever
29.Thelecturespokeofsomewritersandnovels_____wereknowntousall.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what
30.Icanstillrememberthesittingroom_____mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where
31.Itwasraininghard_____keptusindoors.A.whichB.thatC.asD.what
32.Theonlyquestion_____istofindourwayhome.A.thatmatteredB.thatmattersC.whichmatteredD.matter
33.Inthedarkstreettherewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom
34.Thefarmersusedwoodtobuildahouse_____graincanbestored.A.withwhichB.whereC.inthatD.whichKeys1-5ACABA6-10BCCAD11-15CBDDB16-20DCABB21-
25.BBADD26-
30.BDBBD31-34ABDB注意定语从句不用what引导。