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形容词与副词的比较级,最高级和原级的用法及练习大多数形容词(性质形容词)和副词有比较级和最高级的变化,即原级、比较级和最高级,用来表示事物的等级差别原级即形容词的原形,比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种1规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词,加词尾-er,-est来构成比较级和最高级 构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-er-esttall高的great巨大的tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r-stnice好的large大的able(有能力的)nicerlargerablernicestlargestablest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-estbig大的hot热的biggerhotterbiggesthottest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词,改y为i,再加-er,-esteasy容易的busy忙的easierbusiereasiestbusiest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-estclever聪明的narrow窄的cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级important重要的easily容易地moreimportantmoreeasilymostimportantmosteasily 2不规则变化 原级比较级最高级good好的well健康的betterbestbad坏的ill有病的worseworstold老的older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many多的moremostlittle少的lessleastfar远的farther/furtherfarthest/furthest原级比较:as+形容词或副词原级+as1)在否定句或疑问句中可用so…asHecannotrunso/asfastasyou.2)当as…as中间有名词时采用以下格式as+形容词+a+单数名词\as+many/much+名词Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris.Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan..3)用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在as的前面Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone.Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine.4倍数表达法▲Aisthreefouretc.timesthesizeheightlengthetc.ofB.Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesizetheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(高)/这座新楼比那座旧楼大(高)三倍▲Aisthreefouretc.timesasbighighlongetc.asB.AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍▲Aisthreefouretc.timesbiggerhigherlongeretc.thanB.Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.比较级结构比较级形容词或副词+thanYouaretallerthanI.Theylightsinyourroomareasbrightasthoseinmine.可修饰比较级的词1)abitalittlerathermuchfarbyfarmanyalotlotsagreatdealanystilleven等2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语3)以上词除byfar外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面注意manyold和far1如果后接名词时,muchmore+不可数名词manymore+可数名词复数2old有两种比较级和最高级形式:older/oldest和elder/eldestelder,eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系Myelderbrotherisanengineer.Maryistheeldestofthethreesisters.3far有两种比较级,farther,further.在英语中两者都可指距离在美语中,father表示距离,further表示进一步Ihavenothingfurthertosay.最高级结构the+最高级+比较范围1TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用2下列词可修饰最高级,byfarfarmuchmostlyalmostThishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.特殊用法
1.否定词语+比较级,否定词语+so…as结构表示最高级含义Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthanthis.=Thisistheeasiestthing.
2.“the+比较级……the+比较级“表示“越……越……”Thesooneryouseeadoctorthebetteritis.你越早看医生越好ThelongerIwaited,thelesspatientIbecame.我等的越久就变得越不耐烦
3.the+序数词+最高级+单数可数名词表示“第几大的”ThisisthethirdmostpopularsongofMichaelJackson这是迈克尔·杰克逊第三受欢迎的歌曲
4.more/lessthan及其相关结构
①morethan+具体数字=over多于、超过……HespokeEnglishmorethantwoyears.两年多morethan+名词/动词/形容词/副词不仅仅ChinaDailyismorethananewspaperanditcanalsohelpuslearnEnglish.more…than…与其……不如……Heisnotmoreanartistthanaphilosopher.与其说他是位艺术家,不如说他是位哲学家
②notmorethan不超过……,顶多……=atmostTherewerenotmorethan70womeninthestorethen.(不足70个女性)
③nomorethan仅仅,只不过Thetheaterwasnomorethanapaintedbarn.这戏院只不过是漆了油漆的库房而已(没什么大不了的)第二部分近年高考真题荟萃(2010-2012)1【2012全国卷II】⒔NexttobiologyIlikephysics___.A.betterB.bestC.thebetterD.verywell
2.【2012全国】
26.Theresultisnotveryimportanttousbutifwedowinthensomuch______.A.thebestB.bestC.betterD.thebetter
3.【2012全国】
29.Thisrestaurantwasnt_thatotherrestaurantwewentto.A.halfasgoodasB.ashalfgoodasC.asgoodashalfD.goodashalfas4【2012北京】
28.Manypeoplehavedonatedthattypeofblood;howeverthebloodbankneeds_____.A.someB.lessC.muchD.more2011年高考题
5..2011全国卷30Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneyourself.A.ratherthanB.otherthanC.morethanD.betterthan
6.2011全国卷II12Itisonethingtoenjoylisteningtogoodmusicbutitisanothertoplayitwellyourself.A.quiteB.veryC.ratherD.much
7.2011全国卷II17Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor——Ireallycouldntaskfora_______boss.A.betterB.goodC.bestD.stillbetter
8.(2011上海春招28)You’dbeexposedtoalot______pollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.A.moreB.mostC.lessD.least
9.2011四川卷12)——HowareyourrecenttriptoSichuan——I’veneverhadonebefore.A.apleasantB.amorepleasantC.amostpleasantD.themostpleasant
10.2011陕西卷17)ThenewstadiumbeingbuiltforthenextAsianGameswillbethepresentoneA.asthreetimesbigasB.threetimesasbigasC.asbigasthreetimesD.asbigthreetimesas
11.2011江西卷24)——ThefilmisIhavetosaynotabitinteresting.——WhyIt’s______thanthefilmsIhaveeverseen.A.farmoreinterestingB.muchlessinterestingC.nomoreinterestingD.anylessinteresting2010年高考题
12.Mr.Blackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeen________.A.popularB.morepopularC.mostpopularD.themostpopular
13.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twicemanyas
14.01上海卷Inrecentyearstravelcompanieshavesucceededinsellingustheideathatthefurtherwego____A.ourholidayswillbebetterB.ourholidaywillbethebetterC.thebetterourholidaywillbeD.thebetterwillourholidaybe15)----Areyoufeeling____----Yes,Imfinenow.A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter16)Theexperimentwas____easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch17)Iftherewerenoexaminationsweshouldhave___atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime
17.07全国卷IIAftertwoyears’researchwenowhavea____betterunderstandingofthediseaseA.veryB.farC.fairlyD.quite
18.08全国卷IYou’redrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive______A.moreslowlyabitB.slowlyabitmoreC.abitmoreslowlyD.slowlymorebit。