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2013高考英语二轮考点复习讲义阅读理解词意猜测解题指导例1(2012·湖南)WhenmybrotherandIwereyoungmymomwouldtakeusonTransportationDays.Itgoeslikethis:Youcan’ttakeanymeansoftransportationmorethanonce.Wewouldstartfromhomewalkingtwoblockstotherailstation.We’dtakethetrainintothecitycenterthenabusswitchingtothetramthenmaybeataxi.Wealwaysconsideredtakingahorsecarriageinthehistoricdistrictbutwedidn’tlikethewaythehorsesweretreatedsoweneverdid.AttheendofthedaywetookthesubwaytoourcloseststationwhereMom’sfriendwaswaitingtogiveusaridehome—ourfirstcarrideoftheday.ThegoodthingaboutTransportationDaysisnotonlythatMomtaughtushowtogetaround.Shewasborntobemultimodal多方式的.Sheunderstoodthatdependingoncarsonlywasafailureofimaginationandaboveallafailureofconfidence—theproductofachildhoodnotspentexploringsubwaytunnels.Onceyoulearntheroutemapandstepwithcertaintyoverthegapbetweenthetrainandtheplatformnothingisfrighteninganymore.Newcitiesarejustlight-raillinestobeexplored.Andyourpersonalcarifyouhaveonebecomesjustonemoretoolinthetoolbox—andoftenaninadequateonelimitingbothyourmobilityandyourwallet.OnTransportationDayswemightstopforlunchonChestnutStreetorbuyanewbookortoybutthetransportationwasthepoint.Firstitwasexcitingenoughtowatchtheworldspeedbyfromthetrainwindow.AsIgotoldermymomhelpedmeunlockthemysteriesthatwouldotherwisehaveparalyzedmyfirstattemptstodoitmyself:HowdoIknowwheretogetoffHowdoIknowhowmuchitcostsHowdoIknowwhenIneedticketsandwheretogetthemWhattrackwhatlinewhichdirectionwhere’sthestopandwillIgetwetwhenwegoundertheriverI’mwritingthisrightnowonanairplaneameanswedidn’ttryonourTransportationDaysandwenowknowthedirtiestandmostpollutingofthemall.MyflightroutedmethroughPhiladelphia.Mymultimodalmommetmefordinnerintheairport.Shetookatraintmeetme.
57.Theunderlinedword“paralyzed”inPara.5isclosestinmeaningto“_______”.TaketheLowerKeysMarchrabbitforinstance.AnendangeredspeciesthatlivesintheLowerFloridaKeysthisspeciesofcottontailisagreatswimmer—itlivesontheislands!—butitisalreadyseverelyaffectedbydevelopmentandnowbyrisinglevels.AccordingtotheCenterforBiologicalDiversityanoceanlevelriseofonly
0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda
0.9-meterrisewouldwipeouttheirhabitat栖息地completely.Thesnowshoehareontheotherhandhasacolorissue.Mostoftheserabbitschangetheirfurcolorfromwhiteinthewintertimetobrowninthesummereachdesignedtogivethembettercoverfrompredators(捕食者).Asthenumberofdayswithsnowdecreasesallacrossthecountryhowevermoreandmorebunniesarcbeingleftinwhitefurduringbrowndirtdaysofbothfallandspringmakingthemaneasiermarkforpredators.Researchersknowthatthecolorchangeiscontrolledbythenumberofhoursofsunlightbutwhethertherabbitwillbeabletoadaptquickenoughtosurviveisabigquestion.TheNationalWildlifeFederationhasreportedthathuntershavenoticedtheirnumbersarealreadymarkedlydown.Americanpikasorrockrabbitsarelativeofrabbitsandharesmightbethefirsofthesespeciestogoextinctduetoclimatechange.About7-8incheslongpikaslivehighinthecooldampmountainswestoftheRockyMountains.Asglobaltemperaturesrisetheywouldnaturallymigrate迁徙tohigherground—buttheyalreadyoccupythemountaintops.Theycantgoanyhigher.TheNationalWildlifeFederationreportsthattheymightnotbeabletostandthenewtemperaturesastheirhabitatbeatsup.Thevolcanorabbithasthesameproblem.TheserabbitsliveontheslopesofvolcanoesinMexicoandrecentstudieshaveshownthatthelowerrangeoftheirhabitathasalreadyshiftedupwardabout700metersbuttherearenotsuitableplantsforthemtomovehighersotheyarestuckinthemiddle.Scientistsareconcernedabouttheirpopulations.NativetotheUSpygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.Theyarebelievedtobethesmallestrabbitsintheworld.Theirhabitatshavebeendestroyedbydevelopment.SeveralpopulationssuchastheColumbiaBasinpygmyalmostwentextinctandweresavedbyzoobreedingprograms.Pygmyrabbitsalsorelyonwintercoverbydiggingtunnelsthroughthesnowtoescapepredatorsbutlessersnowfallisleavingthemexposed.AllofthisgivesnewmeaningtodressingupinagiantbunnycostumethisEaster.
42.ThewordculpritParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.criminalB.judgeC.victimD.producer[点拨]A词义猜测题根据文章第一段最后一句后半句buteveryyearitgetsquiteabitExercise2Stageschoolsoftenactasagenciestosupplychildrenforstageandtelevisionwork.Moreworthyofthename“stageschool”arethosefewplaceswherechildrenattendfulltimewithatrainingforthetheatreandageneraleducation.Thenofcoursetherearetimesforthechildrentomakeanameandmakealittlemoneyinsomebigshows.Somestageschoolsgivetheirchildrentoomuchprofessionalworkatsuchayoungage.Butthelawisverytightontheamounttheycando.Thoseunder13arelimitedto40daysintheyear;thoseover13to80days.Question:“Professionalwork”asusedinthetextmeans____________.A.ordinaryschoolworkB.moneymakingperformancesC.stagetrainingatschoolD.actingsingingordancingafterclassExercise3TeensoftenhearthingsonTVorfromadultsaboutworldproblemsthatcanfrightenthem.Nowitisterrorism恐怖主义.Backinmyteenyearsitwasthecoldwar.ItworriedmesomuchthatIthoughteachdaywouldbemylast.Mr.Templetknewhowmuchittroubledhisstudents.Heopenedthesubjectuptodiscussion.Hegaveusawaytoexpressourgreatestfearsandhelpedusunderstandwarandpolitics.“Onecanfeelafraidhoweverbraveheis”weweretold.Question:Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thesubject”intheparagraphmostprobablyrefertoA.Warandpolitics. B.Worldhistory. C.Terrorism. D.Thecoldwar. Exercise4Onlyafewyearsagoitwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarketsbutnowtherearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscarrylabelstoshowthattheproductisgreen.Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturingofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.Question:Theunderlinedworditintheparagraphrefersto____. A.asellingpoint B.thecompanynameC.agreatdemandforhealthfoods D.themanufacturingofgreenproductsExercise5JapanesehighschoolstudentsdevoteabouttwohoursperweekdaytohomeworkandaboutthreehoursonSunday.Theyspendanaverageoftwohoursperdaywatchingtelevisionhalfanhourlisteningtotheradioanhourreadingcasuallyandlessthanhalfanhourinsocialrelationswithpeersoutsideofschool.Japaneseadultstendtoperceivehighschoolstudentsinmanywaysaslargechildreninsteadofyoungadults.Andwhileoppositesexesareinterestedineachotherparentsandteachersstronglydiscourageteenagedating.Mostyoungpeopledonotbegintodateuntilafterhighschool.FinallyforavarietyofreasonstherearefewdrugproblemsamongJapaneseadolescents.Question:Theunderlinedword“adolescents”inthisparagraphmeans_______.A.青少年B.学生C.成年人D.犯罪Exercise6FivemajorwebsitesintheChineselanguagenamelySinaSohuNeteaseBaiduandYahooarestillrankedtoponesbywebusersandthosethatvotedforSinaasthebestamongthemwere
30.9percent.AuthorizedstatisticsshowedthatwebusersinChinahavealreadyexceeded100millionsecondtothatoftheUnitedStates.Question:Theunderlinedword“exceeded”means___________.A.increasedtoB.increasedbyC.risenD.decreased•Ifpossibleplanstudytimewithapartner.Chooseyourpartnerwiselyhowever.Makesu A.workingoutacompleteplanforthewholeterm B.keepingagoodbalancebetweenstudyandrest C.puttingthemostimportanttasksfirstD.tryingtostudyaloneinsteadofworkingwithothers
4.Thewordunderlined“odd”inParagraph6probablymeans“______”.A.strange B.irregular C.busy D.dividedExercise2NEWYORKReutersLife!-WanttostrengthenwithyourteenagersTryeatingdinnerwiththemfivetimesaweekthiskeepsthemoffdrugsandalcohol--andtheteensalsoenjoyit.AsurveyreleasedThursdayreaffirmed重新肯定previousstudiesthatfoundteenagerswhoatedinnerasafamilyfiveormoretimesaweekarelesslikelytousedrugssmokeordrinkalcoholthanpeerswhoatewiththeirfamiliestwotimesorlessaweek.Butthepollof1063teenagersand550parentsconductedbyQEVAnalytics分析学foundcontrarytomanyparentsexpectationsmostteenagersactuallywantedtoeatwiththeirfamilies.About84percentofthekidssaidtheywouldprefertohavedinnerwiththeirparentssaidElizabethPlanetprojectmanagerofthesurveycommissionedbyTheNationalCenteronAddictionandSubstanceAbuseCASAatNewYorksColumbiaUniversity.Theseareteenagerswhoseparentswilltellyoutheyaredifficultanddontwanttotalk.Thisisnotthesensewearegettingfromthekidsthemselves.Theypreferit.Teenswhohadtwoorlessmealsaweekwiththeirfamilywere3-½timesmorelikelytohaveabusedprescriptionmedicationthreetimesmorelikelytohaveuseddrugandoneandhalftimesmorelikelytodrinkalcohol.Theteenswhoateregularlywiththeirfamiliesalsogotbettergradeswith64percentreportingmostlyAsandBscomparedto49percentofotherteens.ThesestatisticsaboutthelinkbetweenthelikelihoodofdruguseandthefrequencyofdinnersalwayssurprisesmeeventhoughweseeityearinandyearoutsaidPlanet.
1.Thearticleismostattractiveto______.A.teenswhohaveasingleparentB.teenswhohaveseveralbrothersorsistersC.parentswhohaveseveralchildrentosupportD.parentswhoaretoobusytohavedinnerwiththeirkids
2.Havingmealsmorethanfivetimesaweekcanhelpteens_______.A.keepawayfromdrugsB.getclevererC.recoverfromillnessquicklyD.getalongwellwithothers
3.Theunderlined“it”inthefifthparagraphrefersto______.A.nottalkingwhilehavingdinnerB.havingdinnerwiththeirparentsC.thesenseofkidswhileeatingD.keepingawayfromtheirparents
4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.teensdon’tlikeeatingwiththeirparentsB.parentsdon’tlikeeatingwiththeirchildrenC.parentsthoughtteenshatedeatingtogetherD.teenslikeeatingwiththeirfriendsoutside
5.WhatwillhappenifparentsreadthepassageA.TheywillmanagetohavemealsathomefivetimesaweekB.TheywillgivemorefreedomtotheirkidswhenhavingmealsC.TheywillstopblamingtheirkidsfortheirmistakeswhilehavingdinnerD.Theywillspendasmuchtimeastheycanwiththeirkids[帮你归纳]
(一)常用设问形式
1.Theunderlinedword...referstomeans____.
2.Whichofthefollowingwordscantaketheplaceoftheword...
3.Whatisthemeaningof...asthewordsareusedinthetext
4.Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningto...paragraph...二词义猜测题思路及技巧引出并加以解释说明的方式学业上的成功取决于你是否有效地利用时间,故答案为A1-
2.C由第三条建议中Formostpeopleforeveryhourofstudydoneindaylighthoursitwilltakethemoneandahalfhourstodothesametaskatnight可知,晚上学习的效率比较低,故答案为C1-
3.D由第
一、
四、七条建议可知A、B、C三项表述正确,D项与第二条建议Ifpossibleplanstudytimewithapartner相违背1--
4.B由下文的whileyou’rewaitingforclasstostartorforafriendtopickyouup可知这些时间都是临时的、零散的时间,相对于上文提到的regular固定的time,故odd的意思应该是regular的反义词irregular答案与解析2--
1、D.因为文章讲述的是父母每周至少和孩子在一起吃五顿饭给孩子带来的好处,所以这篇文章应是那些太忙以至于没有时间和孩子一起吃饭的父母最感兴趣2--
2、A.文中提到的父母和孩子每周在一起至少吃五顿饭的好处有孩子吸毒、酗酒和吸烟的可能性都大大降低;孩子的成绩会更好B、C、D项的内容文中未提及2--
3、B.根据上文Overallabout84percentofthekidssaidtheywouldprefertohavedinnerwiththeirparents可推出孩子更喜欢和父母一起共进晚餐2--
4、C.根据第三段的内容可知,一项民意测验表明,与父母的料想相反,孩子们愿意和家庭成员一块吃饭可见,父母原以为孩子不喜欢和家里人一起吃饭2--
5、A.父母既然知道和孩子一起吃饭有如此多的好处,所以会设法做到这一点[单词百宝箱]distinction n..区别明显差别Icantseeanydistinctionbetweenthesetwocases.我看不出这两个案例有什么不同agency n.代理机构Thecompanyhasagenciesalmostinallpartsoftheworld.那家公司几乎在世界各地都设有代办处label n.标签Accordingtothesymbolonthelabelthissweatershouldbewashedbyhand.根据标签上的符号这件针织套衫应该用手洗manufacture v.制造Thisfirmmanufacturescars.这家公司制造汽车perceivev. 感觉;察觉Shehasperceivedthedanger.她已觉察到那危险了statisticsn. 统计资料统计数字Wehavestatisticsforthelastyear.我们有去年的统计资料releasev.发布,公布Thecommissionreleaseditsfindings.委员会公布了调查结果polln.调查,投票Wereconductingapoll.我们正在进行民意调查[时文阅读]Itdoesn’tfeellikeitbutwegotaraisethisweek.ThedroppinginoilpricewhichmadeOPECdecidetoannounceaproductioncuthasputmoneyinthepocketsofconsumerswhoworryabouttheworldwiderecession经济衰退.Thehighpriceofgasolinehasgreatlychangeddrivingpatternsperhapsalways“Weareseeingchangesinhabits.”saysJulianLeefromtheCenterforGlobalEnergyStudiesinLondon.Peoplenowprefertobuysmallcarsinsteadofgasguzzling高油耗的SUVs运动型多功能汽车.Ifweseethischangeitbecomesamuchlongertermproblemwithlongtermdemanddestruction.Intheshorttermthere’ssimplemathThepricegoingdowncouldsavedriversagreatdealofmoney.HoweverbecausetheU.S.isoutofitspeak顶峰summerdrivingseasonthere’snottoomuchofanencouragementtodrivealotmorejustbecausegaspricesaredown.
1.Accordingtothepassage“wegotaraisethisweek”means___________.A.theconsumersseldomusetheircarsatpresentB.we’llfacefinancialproblemsintherecessionC.theOPECcountrieswillbuyusgasolineforcarsD.we’llspendmuchlessmoneyongasolineforcars
2.Theunderlinedword“plunge”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans____________.A.theactionofpullingupB.delayingorputtingoffC.suddenmovingdownwardD.severefinancialproblem
1.D词意推测题getaraise“得到提薪”根据字面意思以及下句的汽油价格下降“hasputmoneyinthepocketsofconsumer”可以推测其答案
2.C根据前面的disasters“灾难”以及cutsinproduction“减少石油生产”可推测其含义为“突然下降,跳水”。