还剩15页未读,继续阅读
本资源只提供10页预览,全部文档请下载后查看!喜欢就下载吧,查找使用更方便
文本内容:
非谓语动词遇到有关非谓语动词的单选题,可以根据句中的搭配结构、非谓语的主被动形式和非谓语的“时态”三个角度,从语言的结构到语义由简单到复杂依次排选第一步根据非谓语形式在句中可作的成分来分析空白处可填入的非谓语形式,看能否在不定式、分词和动名词几个形式之间先排除一个或几个非谓语动词在句中可作成分一览表主语宾语表语定语状语宾补不定式√√√√√√分词√√√√动名词√√√√注
1.the分词也可用作主语和宾语;
2.现在分词完成式不作定语1.非谓语形式作主语或宾语时,除“the分词”外一般只能用不定式或动名词其中不定式作介词的宾语时要使用“特殊疑问词不定式”结构例如
1.It’sverykindofyoutohelpus.
2.FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.
3.Thedriverfailedtoseeothercarsatthemoment.
4.Pleaseshowushowtodothat.2.作状语时,不定式表示目的以及so/astodo和onlytodo中的结果状语,其它状语都用分词来表示例如
1.Tosleeplatethenextmorningheturnedoffthealarmclock.(“非谓语主句”模式中,非谓语在句首而且由逗号与主句隔开,此句中的不定式只作目的状语;此时的分词表示时间、原因或条件状语,有时分词前可加whenwhileifbeforeafteras和though等连词,如
①Givenmoreattentionthetreescouldhavegrownbetter.
②Whenaskedneverbesilent.)
2.Hecamehereonlytosaygood-byetous.(不定式在句中作目的状语时它前面不能用逗号)
3.Hespokealotattheconferenceonlytoshowhisignoranceonthetopic.(不定式在主句之后,又有逗号与主句隔开时常用onlytodo形式表示出乎主语意料的结果)第二步在第一步的基础上从非谓语的主被动形式这个角度进行筛选1.非谓语用作主语或状语时,一般根据它们的逻辑主语来判断主被动形式的选用;若无逻辑主语,则以主句主语为判断对象例如
1.UsingthedictionaryIfounditofgreatuse.(作状语的分词逻辑主语和主句主语相同时,逻辑主语常省去)
2.It’ssonicetohearyourvoice.
3.Seeingisbelieving.(不带逻辑主语的不定式或动名词作主语时,通常看作第一人称的逻辑主语省略)注意以下特殊情况中非谓语一律用主动式
①主语系动词形容词不定式
②need/want/require需要doing
③beworthdoing2.作宾语或表语时,要根据主句主语来分析主被动形式例如
1.ThelittlegirlwouldliketobebroughttotheStatewithherbrother.
2.Hisstoryinthejungleisveryexciting.3.作定语时,应根据被修饰词来选用主被动形式例如
1.IhavearoomtopaintsoIcan’tgooutforapicnicwiththem.
2.Wehavearoomtobepainted.Wherecanwefindaworker当句中出现了作定语的不定式动词的执行者时用主动式,否则用被动式4.作宾补的非谓语主被动形式要根据非谓语动词与宾语的关系来确定例如
1.Don’thavethewaterrunninglikethat.
2.Shesataloneintheroomwithhereyesfixedontheceiling.第三步经过第
一、二两步分析仍未能作出最后选择时,可能会剩下不定式和分词内部不同的式之间的选择,即非谓语的“时态”,这时可通过比较非谓语动词和谓语动词所发生的先后来判别1.不定式的一般式todo/tobedone常用在
①表示非谓语动词发生在谓语之后;例如
1.Ihopetoseeyouagainsoon.
2.Whodoyouthinkourteacherwillhaveworkonthewall-newspaper
②表示与谓语动词同时发生的一个全过程动作或谓语当时所处的状态例如
4.Haveyouseenalittleboygointothehouse
5.Heseemstoknowthat.2.不定式的进行式tobedoing和现在分词的一般式doing/beingdone只用来表示非谓语动词和谓语动词同时发生例如
1.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenightpreparaingthelongspeechforthepresident.
2.TheypretendedtobesleepingwhenMothercamein.3.不定式完成式tohavedone/tohavebeendone和现在分词完成式havingdone/havingbeendone均表示动作发生在谓语之前例如
1.Heissaidtohaveleft.
2.NothavingheardfromhimIwrotetohimagain.4.词常表示发生在谓语之前而及物动词的过去分词则可以指发生在谓语之前或与谓语同时的状态例如
1.fallenleaves/aburnt-outmatch
2.Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehind.若非谓语形式正确而词义仍不同者则需从句义来考虑非谓语动词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生,非谓语动词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前
1.动词不定式 例1A lot of young people are learning to drive cars. 同时发生 例2All of us expected to discover a new oil field. 非谓语动词动作发生在后 例3He is said to have studied English for three years. 非谓语动词动作发生在前 注动词不定式的完成式有时用在intended expected meant were to was to等过去式的动词后面,表示未实现的行为例如 1I meant to have sent the book to you by mail. (我本想把这本书邮寄给你的) 2He was to have been the new ambassador but he fell ill. 他原是要任新大使的,但是他病了
2.动名词 例1I am thinking of getting a new dictionary. 非谓语动词动作发生在后 例2We enjoy watching colour TV. 与谓语动词动作同时 例3He forgot having promised to write things for us. (非谓语动词动作发生在前)
3.分词 例1Singing a song he came into the room. (非谓语动词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生) 例2Having written his composition he went to have a heart to heart talk with Wang. 非谓语动词动作发生在前 非谓语动词的比较
1.动名词和动词不定式在用法上的比较 1一般说来动名词所表示的动作在意义上是比较抽象的、一般的,时间概念不强,不是指某一次的动作;而动词不定式所表示的动作则往往是具体的一次行为例如 1)I like swimming but I don’t like to swim today. 2 They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold. 3 Would you prefer to stay at home this evening 2动词不定式的逻辑主语,常常是句子的主语或句中的某个词;而动名词的逻辑主语可能是句子主语或句中某个词,也可能是泛指一般人物,在句子里是找不着的例如 1)I hate to be sitting idle. 我不想闲坐着(指自己) 2)I hate saying nothing at a meeting but gossiping afterwards. 我不喜欢开会不说会后乱说(可能指自己,也可能泛指一般人) 3有些词后既可接动名词亦...1不定式作宾语1动词+不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车 Ihappentoknowtheanswertoyourquestion.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案2)动词+不定式; 动词+宾语+不定式askbegchooseexpecthatehelpintendlikeloveneedpreferpreparepromisewantwish… Iliketokeepeverythingtidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁 Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁 IwanttospeaktoTom. 我想和汤姆谈话 IwantyoutospeaktoTom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话3)动词+疑问词+to decideknowconsiderforgetlearnremembershowunderstandseewonderhearfindoutexplaintell Pleaseshowushowtodothat.请演示给我们如何去做 Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcantmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数 Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施2不定式作补语 1动词+宾语+不定式todoadvise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn a. Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍 b. Webelievehimtobeguilty.我们相信他是有罪的Find的特殊用法 Find后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to的动词不定式find后也可带一个从句此类动词还有get,have Ifoundhimlyingontheground. Ifounditimportanttolearn. IfoundthattolearnEnglishisimportant. Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed,dead. A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying 答案A.find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动2to+be的不定式结构,作补语的动词Acknowledge believe consider think declare声称 discoverfancy设想 feel find guessjudgeimagineknow provesee理解showsupposetake以为 understand WeconsiderTomtobeoneofthebeststudentsinourclass. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered ___thefirstcomputer. A.toinvent B.inventing C.tohaveinvented D.havinginvented 答案A.由considertodosth.排除B、D.此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C3tobe+形容词Seem appear besaid besupposed bebelieved bethought beknown bereported hopewish desire want plan expect mean… Thebookisbelievedtobeuninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思4 therebe+不定式believeexpectintendlikelovemeanpreferwantwishundrstand Wedidntexpecttheretobesomanypeoplethere.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里注意有些动词需用as短语做补语,如regardthinkbelievetakeconsider. WeregardTomasourbestteacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师 Marytookhimasherfather. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲 3不定式主语 1)Itseasyformetodothat.我做这事太容易了easy difficult hard important possible impossible comfortable necessary better; thefirst thenext thelast thebest toomuch toolittle notenough Itssonicetohearyourvoice. 听到你的声音真高兴 Itsnecessaryforyoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的2Itsverykindofyoutohelpus. 他帮助我们,他真好Kind nice stupid rude clever foolish thoughtful thoughtless brave considerate考虑周到的 silly selfish自私的例句: Itwassillyofustobelievehim. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他 Itseemedselfishofhimnottogivethemanything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了注意1其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型 2不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式 3当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用Itis…to…的句型 对Toseeistobelieve. 百闻不如一见4Itsforsb.和Itsofsb. 1)forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easyharddifficult interestingimpossible等 Itsveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的 2)ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如goodkindnicecleverfoolishright Itsveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我,你真是太好了for与of的辨别方法 用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for如 Youarenice. 通顺,所以应用of Heishard. 人是困难的,不通,因此应用for 5不定式作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语例如 Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.Hisdreamistobeadoctor.6不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后例如 Ihavealotofworktodo. Sohemadesomecandlestogivelight.7不定式作状语 1)目的状语 To…onlyto仅仅为了 inorderto soasto sosuch…asto…如此……以便…… Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车 Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou. 我来仅仅是向你告别2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面 WhathaveIsaidtomakeyouangry. Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.3 表原因Imgladtoseeyou. Thechairlooksratherhardbutinfactitisverycomfortableto___. A.sit B.siton C.beseat D.besaton答案B. 如果不定式为不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词当动词与介词连用时,常位于形容词+动词不定式结构的末尾 8用作介词的to to有两种用法一为不定式+动词原形;一为介词+名词/动名词to在下面的用法中是第二种,即to+名词/动名词admitto承认, confessto承认,beaccustomedto习惯于, beusedto习惯于,stickto坚持, turnto开始,着手于,devoteoneselfto献身于, bedevotedto致力于,lookforwardto盼望, payattentionto注意9省to的动词不定式 1)情态动词除ought外,oughtto2)使役动词lethavemake3)感官动词seewatchlookatnoticeobservehearlistentosmellfeelfind等后作宾补,省略to注意在被动语态中则to不能省掉 Isawhimdance. =Hewasseentodance. Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.4)wouldrather,hadbetter5)Why…/whynot…6)help可带to,也可不带tohelpsbtodosth7)but和except but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式8)由andor和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to可以省去9)通常在discoverimaginesupposethinkunderstand等词后,可以省去tobe Heissupposedtobenice. 他应该是个好人举例HewantstomovetoFranceandmarrythegirl.Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.比较 Hewantstodonothingbutgoout. Hewantstobelieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.典型例题1----Iusuallygotherebytrain. ----Whynot___byboatforachange A.totrygoing B. tryingtogo C. totryandgo D. trygoing 答案D.whynot后面接不带to的不定式,因此选D2)Pauldoesnthavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard. A.learn B.tolearn C.learned D.learning 答案B.make后接不带to的动词不定式,当其用于被动时,to不可省略 10动词不定式的否定式 Tellhimnottoshutthewindow… ShepretendednottoseemewhenIpassedby.我走过的时候,她假装没看见典型例题1)Tellhim___thewindow. A.toshutnot B.nottoshut C.tonotshutD.notshut 答案Btellsbtodosth的否定形式为tellsbnottodosth.2 Shepretended___mewhenIpassedby. A. nottosee B.notseeing C.tonotseeD. havingnotseen 答案Apretend后应接不定式其否定形式为pretendnottodosth.3)Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter___afterdrinking. A.nevertodrive B.toneverdriver C.neverdriving D.neverdrive 答案Awarnsbtodosth.的否定形式为warnsbnottodosth.此处用的是否定词never.4Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim____. A.notto B.nottodo C.notdoit D.donotto 答案Anotto为nottodoit的省略形式可以只用to这个词,而不必重复整个不定式词组及物动词do后应有名词、代词等,否则不对,因此B,D不对5Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation. A.toeatno B.eatingnot C.nottoeat D.noteating答案Cwarn一词要求后用不定式,此处为不定式的被动,否定形式为bewarnednottodo 11不定式的特殊句型too…to… 1)too…to 太…以至于… Heistooexcitedtospeak. 他太激动了,说不出话来 Imafraidtheboxistooheavyforyoutocarryitbutthankyouallthesame.这箱子太重,恐怕你搬不动谢谢您2如在too前有否定词,则整个句子用否定词表达肯定,too后那个词表达一种委婉含义,意为不太 Itsnevertoolatetomend. 谚语改过不嫌晚3 当too前面有onlyallbut时,意思是非常…等于very Imonlytoopleasedtobeabletohelpyou.我非常高兴能帮助你 Hewasbuttooeagertogethome.他非常想回家 12不定式的特殊句型soasto 1)表示目的;它的否定式是soasnottodo Tomkeptquietabouttheaccidentsoasnottolosehisjob. 汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作 Goinquietlysoasnottowakethebaby. 轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿2 sokindasto---劳驾 Wouldyoubesokindastotellmethetime 劳驾,现在几点了 13不定式的特殊句型Whynot Whynot+动词原形表达向某人提出建议,翻译为为什么不……干吗不……例如Whynottakeaholiday干吗不去度假14不定式的时态和语态 时态\语态 主动 被动一般式 todo tobedone进行式 tobedoing 完成式 tohavedone tohavebeendone完成进行式 tohavebeendoing 1现在时一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后 Heseemstoknowthis. Ihopetoseeyouagain.=IhopethatIllseeyouagain. 我希望再见到你2完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前 Imsorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble. Heseemstohavecaughtacold.3进行时表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生 Heseemstobeeatingsomething.4完成进行时 Sheisknowntohavebeenwreakingontheproblemformanyyears. 15动名词与不定式 1)动名词与不定式的区别 动名词表达的是状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的 不定式表达的是目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的2)接不定式或动名词,意义相同 3)动名词与不定式语义不同的有11组 1 stoptodo stopdoing 2forgettodo forgetdoing 3 remembertodo rememberdoing 4regrettodo regretdoing 5 ceasetodo ceasedoing 6trytodo trydoing 7 goontodo goondoing 8afraidtodo afraiddoing 9 interestedtodo interesteddoing 10meantodo meandoing 11begin/starttodo begin/startdoing
1.分词的定义动词的-ed分词即过去分词,是由动词的过去分词构成,一般只有一种形式
2.过去分词的语法作用过去分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词,在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语1过去分词作表语,主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态如Don’ttouchtheglassbecauseitisbroken.不要碰那个杯子,它是坏的Heisquitepleasedwiththedesignofthedress.她很喜欢那礼服的式样2过去分词做定语单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面,相当于一个定语从句如Theexcitedpeoplerushedintothebuilding.激动的人们奔进了大楼Weneedmorequalifiedteachers.我们需要更多合格的教师过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面,相当于一个定语从句如Isthereanythingplannedfortomorrow明天有什么活动吗?Thesuggestionmadebytheforeignexpertwasadoptedbythemanager.外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语,前后用逗号隔开如ThebookswrittenbyLuXunarepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.这些书是鲁迅写的,受到了许多中国人民的喜爱Themeetingattendedbyonethousandstudentswasasuccess.这次会议获得很大的成功,共有一千个学生出席了3过去分词做状语过去分词和-ing分词作状语一样,也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念如Seenfromthetopofthehillthecitylookedlikeabiggarden.从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园AcceptedbythePartyhedecidedtodevotehislifetothecauseoftheParty.入党以后,他决定献身于党的事业
②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句如Deeplymovedbythestorytheexcitedpeoplestoppedquarrellingwitheachother.激动的人们被那个故事深深地感动了,停止了争吵Encouragedbythespeechtheyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.受到了讲演的鼓舞,年轻人决定起来从事斗争
③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用if等词如Givenanotherchancehewilldobetter.再给他一次机会,他会做得更好ComparedwithyourbrotheryoushouldmakegreatereffortstostudyEnglish.和你哥哥相比,你应该更加努力学习英语Ifheatedwatercanbeturnedintosteam.水如果被加热,会变成水蒸气
④表让步,相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句如Exhaustedbytherunningtheywentonrunningaftertherobber.尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽,他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗Laughedatbymanypeoplehecontinuedhisstudy.尽管被许多人嘲笑,他还是继续他的研究
⑤表方式或伴随情况如Theoldmanwentintotheroomsupportedbyhiswife.那个老人在他的妻子的搀扶下走进了房间SeatedatthetablemyfatherandIweretalkingaboutmyjob.我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题4过去分词作补足语过去分词可以在seehearnoticewatchfindgethavefeelmakeleavekeep等词后与一名词或代词构成复合宾语,用作宾语补语如Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtoothexamined你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿?Whenyouaremakingaspeechyoushouldspeakloudertomakeyourselfheard.当你在作报告时,你应该讲响一点使自己被人听清当这类句子变成被动语态时,过去分词用作主语补语如Oneoftheglasseswasfoundbroken.有人发现其中一个杯子破了Theyshouldbekeptinformedofthesituationthere.应该让他们知道那儿的形势
二、特别提醒
1.过去分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语一般必须和句子的主语相一致如Whenaskedwhyhecameheretheboykeptsilent.当那个男孩被问到为何来这里时,他沉默不语Bornandbroughtupinthecountrysidehewasinterestedinbiology.由于在农村出生并长大,他对生物很感兴趣如果过去分词的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致,必须使用过去分词的独立主格结构
2.动词have后所接的三种宾语补语havesomebody/somethingdosomething不定式作补语必须省去to不定式动作由宾语发出,表示一次性的动作如Ihadtheworkersdothejobforme.我让工人们替我完成了工作Jimoftenhashisfatherhelphimwithhishomework.吉姆经常让他的父亲帮助做家庭作业havesomebody/somethingdoingsomething-ing分词作补语,分词动作也由宾语发出,强调动作的延续或正在进行如Theyhadthetractorworkingallthetime.他们让拖拉机一直工作着Wewon’thavethechildtalkingtohismotherlikethat.我们不能让那个孩子那样对他的妈妈说话havesomebody/somethingdone过去分词作补语,宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动关系,通常有两种情况
①主语让别人做某事,强调主语的意志如Hehadhishaircutyesterday.他昨天理发了Lateronthecenterhadagreatmanynewtreesplanted.后来,这个中心让人种了很多树
②主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境,说明宾语的一种无意识的被动行为如Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchlastmonth.他在上星期的比赛中摔断了腿Hehadoneeyelostinthewar.在战争中,他失去了一只眼睛
3.非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式thebridgetobebuilt将要建造的桥(表示将来的动作)thebridgebeingbuilt正在建造的桥(表示正在进行的动作)thebridgebuilt造好的桥(表示完成的动作)
4.过去分词和–ing分词作表语的区别过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态或感受,而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征,如Hearingthenewswefeltverysurprised.听到那个消息,我们感到很惊讶Thenewsisverysurprising.这个消息很令人惊讶Theywerefrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕Atthesightofthemovingsceneallthepeoplepresentweremovedtotears.看到这么动人的情景,所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪英语中这样的分词还有很多,如amusingamused;encouragingencouraged;disappointingdisappointed;excitingexcited;puzzlingpuzzled;satisfyingsatisfied;worryingworried;tiringtired;pleasingpleased;interestinginterested;astonishingastonished等
5.过去分词和–ing分词作定语的区别过去分词作定语和-ing分词作定语有一定的区别试比较下面几组短语boiledwater开水boilingwater正沸腾的水developedcountries发展的国家developingcountries发展中国家fallenleaves落叶fallingleaves正在飘落的叶子changedcondition改变了的情况changingcondition变化着的情况由此可见,过去分词作定语通常表示完成的或被动的动作;而-ing分词作定语可以表示正在进行的主动的动作
三、提高练习
1.I’mgoingtohavemycar________.A.tobefixedB.tofixC.fixedD.tofix
2.What’sthelanguage______inGermanyA.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak
3.______someofficialsNapoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.havingbeenfollowedby
4.Hehadhisleg_______inthematchyesterday.A.tobreakB.brokenC.breakD.breaking
5.Mostofthepeople_______tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting
6.________moreattentionthetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven
7.Themurdererwasbroughtinwithhishands_________behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied
8.Thecomputercenter_______lastyearisverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.A.openB.openingC.havingopenedD.opened
9.________inthoughthealmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose
10.TheOlympicGames_________in776BCdidn’tincludewomenplayersuntil
1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayed
11.Don’tget_________intherain.A.tobecaughtB.catchingC.tocatchD.caught
12.Ifoundacar_________inapoolbythesideoftheroad.A.tobestuckB.stuckC.stickingD.stick
13.---Bythewaywhendidyougetyourbedroom_______---Lastweek.A.topaintB.paintedC.paintingD.tobepainted
14.Thechildrenwerefound_________inthecave.A.trappingB.trappedC.tobetrappedD.betrapped
15.Theyfounda______oldwoman_______onthegroundwhenthedoorwasbrokendown.A.dyinglyingB.deadliedC.deathlayingD.diedlain
16.Ona_____morningthelittlegirlwasfound_______atthecornerofthestreet.A.freezingfreezingB.freezingfrozenC.frozenfrozenD.frozenfreezing
17.Nooneenjoys______funofinpublic.A.makingB.beingmadeC.tobemadeD.tomake
18.BeforehecametoLondonhehadneverheardasingleEnglishword_____.A.speakingB.spokenC.tobespokenD.speak
19.______fromspacetheearthwithwater_______seventypercentofitssurfacelookslikeablueball.A.SeencoveredB.SeencoveringC.SeeingcoveringD.Seeingcovered
20.An_________crowdisawaitingthearrivalofthefilmstar.A.excitedB.excitingC.exciteD.excitedly1---5CBBBA6---10ADDCA11—15DBBBA16---20BBBBA 。