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高考英语重点词组必背A
1.acceptas承认是;接受为
2.accountfor解释说明;占(….比例)
3.accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事=chargesb.withsth/doingsth
4.achieveonesaim、goal实现目标
5.adaptoneselfto使自己适应于
6.addressoneselfto从事于;忙着做,着手
7.amountto总共达到;实际上是
8.answerfor对…负责任
9.applyoneselfto致力于
10.approveof赞同;赞许
11.arguewithsb.aboutsth因…和某人争执
12.assistindoingsth.协助某人做...
13.associate...with...使发生联系;使联合
14.assuresb.ofsth.使某人确信某事
15.attachimportanceto认为重要B
16.backup支持
17.beabsorbedin专心致力于
18.beaccustomedto习惯于
19.beaddictedto沉溺于;使吸毒成瘾
20.bebeneficialto有利于,有益于
21.beboundto一定会…,必然…
22.bebetteroff境况富裕;更富有bewelloff境况好/bebadlyoff境况差
23.beburdenedwith...使负重担
24.becapableof有做出某事倾向的
25.becarefulwith对…小心/认真
26.becomposedof由…组成
27.becaughtinarain;atrafficjam;theearthquake偶然遇上(雨,堵塞地震等)
28.beconcernedwith关心,挂念;从事于
29.becrazyabout对…着迷
30.becrosswithsb.atsth.因某事和..发脾气
31.becuriousabout对…感到好奇
32.bedeaftosth.对…充耳不闻
33.bedeterminedtodosth决意/决心做某事
34.beeagerforsth.渴求某事物
35.befedupwith对…感到厌烦,腻了
36.bejealousofsb嫉妒某人
37.bekeenon喜爱渴望
38.belocatedin位于…,坐落在…
39.bemarkedwith被标上…记号
40.beoccupiedin忙于…,正从事…
41.bestrictwithsb./insth.对…要求严格
42.breakup驱散学校的放学
43.burstintotears突然哭起来=burstoutcryingC
44.calloff取消计划比赛
45.carry/do/makeanexperiment做实验
46.carryon继续坚持下去;从事经营
47.carryout进行到底贯彻执行
48.catchsightof发现,看,突然看见
49.clearup解释澄清;整理收拾;天气变晴
50.comeacross偶然发现偶然遇到
51.comeintoeffect开始生效,开始实行
52.comeintooperation施行生效;开始工作
53.comeout出现显露;出版发表;结果是
54.commenton评论,批评,解释
55.competefor为……而竞争
56.congratulatesb.onsth.祝贺某人
57.contributeto有助于…,促成….
58.counton依靠指望
59.crossout删去取消
60.cutshort中断打断D
61.deliveraspeech发表(演说等)
62.devoteoneselfto献身于;致力于
63.dropout退出退学弃权放弃E
64.employoneselfin使忙于,使从事于F
65.faceupto大胆面向
66.feellikedoingsth.觉得想做…
67.figureout计算出;估计;理解
68.forgivesb.forsth.原谅某人做了某事G
69.gain/haveanadvantage胜过开始(做某事)
70.getinaword插话
71.getintothehabitof养成…的习惯
72.getthrough接通电话;完成;通过如考试;花光金钱等克服困难解决问题
73.giveriseto引起导致
74.goallouttodosth全力以赴去做某事
75.goaround分配传播传开H
76.haveagiftformusic有音乐天分
77.haveagoodknowledgeof对….很了解
78.haveaccessto接近(或进入)…..
79.havedifficulty/trouble/problemsindoingsth做某事有困难/havetrouble/difficulty/problemswithsth
80.havehighhopeforsb.对某人抱很大希望
81.keepaneyeon照看;留意
82.havemercyonsb.对…怜悯(=showmercytosb)I
83.interferewith妨碍;打扰K
84.keepaneyeon照看留意
85.keepcompanywith和….交往keepsbcompany陪伴某人
86.keepintouch保持联系getintouchwith….与….取得联系
87.keeptrackof记录;掌握……的线索;保持对……的联系
88.knockintosb=runinto….撞到某人身上;偶然遇到
89.knockout击倒击昏L
90.laydownone’slifefor为……献出生命
91.layemphasisonsth强调
92.leaveout删掉漏掉
93.lookdownon/uponsb轻视某人
94.lookintosth调查了解某事浏览书报
95.lookuptosb尊敬某人
96.loseheart泄气;灰心(loseone’shearttosb/sth爱上….)
97.loseonestemper发怒发脾气M
98.makeadifference有影响,有关系
99.makeagoodimpressiononsb.给某人留下好印象
100.makea/thedifference有影响很重要
101.makeanannouncement通知
102.makecertain弄清楚
103.makecontactwithsb与某人联络
104.makeendsmeet量入而出;使收支相抵
105.makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事sparenoeffortstodosth不遗余力干某事
106.makeuponesmind决定下决心
107.makethebestof充分利用时间等
108.makethemostof充分利用;极为重视
109.makeupfor补偿弥补
110.make/dowonders创造奇迹
111.meet/satisfythedemandsneeds满足要求P
112.payback偿还回报向...报复
113.payoff还清债;给清工资后遣散;得到好结果取得成功
114.playajokeonsb开玩笑
115.playatrickonsb.给某人恶作剧
116.putaway放下收起来把…放在原位存钱
117.putinorder使...整齐秩序井然
118.putone’sheartinto全心全意投入
119.putthrough接通电话
120.putupwith容忍忍受R
121.remaininonesmemory留在某人的记忆中
122.remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事
123.runariskof=attheriskof冒……险
124.runfor竞选
125.runshort用完耗尽不足不够S
126.setaboutdoingsth着手做某事
127.setaboutdoing开始着手=setouttodosth
128.setanexamplefor为某人树立榜样
129.setaside流出宣布……无效,不顾
130.setfireto使燃烧点燃=setsthonfire
131.settledown定居过安定生活
132.showoff炫耀卖弄
133.standfor代表意味着;主张支持;
134.stickto坚持忠于信守T
135.takeachance碰运气
136.takeacorrectattitudetowardssth.对…抱正确的态度
137.takeadvantageof趁…之机,利用
138.…..takeafter与…相象
139.takebackoneswords收回刚讲的话
140.takechargeof负责
141.inchargeof….takeintoaccount把…考虑进去
142.takeintoconsideration考虑到,顾及
143.takeonanewlook呈现一片新面貌
144.takepainstodo努力做某事
145.takepleasureindoingsth.喜欢做某事
146.takepridein=beproudof引以为豪
147.taketurnstodosth/atdoingsth轮流
148.thinkhighlyof高度评价
149.throwlightonsth.解释,阐明A.单复数同形的名词fish;deer;sheep;head(牲畜的头(数);means;……B.拼写特殊易混如sandwich;vehicle;convenient;schedule;explain—explanation;pronounce—pronunciation;true—truly;describe—description;four—forty—fortieth;ninth;guide—guidance;lightning;C.特殊的名词复数变化如mouse–mice;leafplleaves;childplchildren;footplfeetn;sheeppl.sheep;toothplteeth;wifeplwives;wolfplwolvesD.动词过去式与过去分词的特殊变化形式(包括现在分词、过去分词——词尾需双写变化的)occurred;referred;preferred;banned;picnic---picnicked/picnicking;beat---beat---beaten注意:offer---offeredE.词形变化不同,用法或意义不同的如lightlitlit或-ed-edvnahanghunghung或–ed,-edvwindwoundwound或-ed-ed2010高考英语必考40个重要句型精讲句型1wouldratherthatsomebodydid…“宁愿……;更愿意……”表示现在或将来的愿望wouldratherthatsomebodyhaddone…“宁愿……;更愿意……”(表示过去的愿望)eg.I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow.我想让你现在去寄信I’dratheryouwerenot高考资源网acelebratedactor.Inthatcasewecouldspendmoretimetogether.我倒情愿你不是个知名演员,这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起I’dratherthatIhadn’tseenheryesterday.我情愿昨天没有看到她句型2asif/though+主语+did/haddone…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时)[参考句型4]eg.Ourheadteachertreatsusasifwewereherownchildrensoallthestudentsinourclassthinkhighlyofher.AlantalkedaboutRomeasifhehadbeenthere.Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的句型3“wish+宾语从句”,表示不大可能实现的愿望表示现在的愿望主语+过去时;表示过去的愿望主语+haddone;表示将来的愿望主语+would/coulddoEg.HowIwishwestudentshadmorefreetimetorelaxourselves!我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己!Ifailedinthemathsexam.HowIwishIhadn’twastedsomuchtimeplaying!Whatapityyoucan’tgototheparty.HowIwishIcoulddancewithyouattheparty!句型4It’shigh/abouttimethatsomebodydidshoulddoshould通常不省略…早就该……Eg.It’stimethatyouwenttoschool.=It’stimethatyoushouldgotoschool.It’shightimethatwedidsomethingtoimproveourenvironment.该是我们为环保做些事情了Ithinkit’shightimethatshemadeuphermind.我想她该拿定主意了句型5情态动词+动词不定式完成结构的用法couldhavedone“本来可以……”(表示过去没有实现的可能)mighthavedone“本来可能……;本来应该或可以做某事”(实际没有发生;含有轻微的责备语气should/oughttohavedone“本来该做某事”(而实际未做)shouldnot/oughtnottohavedone“本来不该做”(实际却做过了,含有责备语气)needn’thavedone“本来不必做”(但是已经做过了)wouldratherhavedone“当时宁愿做了某事”(实际没有做过);否定式wouldrathernothavedone表达相反意思,两者都有表示“后悔”之意句型6asthoughalthough引导的让步状语从句[注意]although位于句首;though位于句首或句中;as位于句中=though它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词放在连词前[参考倒装结构]请注意下列句式的变化Eg.
1.Although/ThoughI’myoungIalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.→Youngas/thoughIamIalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.我虽然年轻,但我已经明白我应该追随什么样的事业
2.Although/ThoughIrespecthimverymuchIcannotagreewithhisidea.→Muchas/thoughIrespecthimIcannotagreewithhisidea.虽然我很尊重他,但是我不同意他的观点
3.Although/ThoughheisachildheknowsalotofChinesecharacters.→Child(省略冠词)as/thoughheisheknowsalotofChinesecharacters.他虽然还是个孩子,却认识了许多汉字
4.Althoughhetriedhecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.→Tryashemighthecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.尽管他努力了,但是他没有解决问题
5.AlthoughitisrainingI’mgoingoutforawalk.→RainingasitisI’mgoingoutforawalk.天虽然在下雨,我还是要出去散步
6.Strangeasitmayseemnobodywasinjuredintheaccident.这次意外虽然显得不可思议,却没有人受伤
7.MuchasIwouldliketohelpIhavealottodo.虽然我很想帮助你,但是我有很多事要做
8.ObjectasyoumayIwillgo.纵使你反对,我也要去句型7…before…特殊用法
(1)“没来得及……就……”Eg.Therooffellbeforehehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.他还没有来得及冲进房间救孩子,房顶就塌了HeranoffbeforeIcouldstophim.我还没有来得及阻止,他已经跑了TomygreatdisappointmentmyfavoritesingerlefttheconcertbeforeIcouldhaveawordwithher.让我非常失望的是,我还没有来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼,她就已经离开了句型8…before…特殊用法
(2)“过了多久才……”或“动作进行到什么程度才……”Eg.Theywalkedaboutfiftymilestothewestbeforetheysawavillage.他们西行50英里才看到一个村庄Theworkersworkeddayandnightaboutthreedaysbeforeeverythingreturnedtonormal.工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复正常Healmostknockedmedownbeforeheknewit.他几乎撞到我了才意识到Wehadwalkedalongwaybeforewefoundsomewater.我们走了很长的路才找到一点水w.w.w.k.s.
5.u.c.o.mFiveyearswentbybeforeIknewit.不知不觉,五年过去了句型9Itwas+时间段+before….“过了多久才(怎么样)……”Itwasnotlongbefore….“不久,就……”Itwillnotbe+时间段+before….“要过多久(不久)……才……”before从句谓语动词要用一般时态Eg.Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久他就意识到他处境的危险Itwasfivedaysbeforehecameback.五天后他才回来Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.再过半年你才能毕业Itwillnotbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.他们大概不久就会互相了解句型10incaseof…+n.“以防;万一”;incasethat…“以防,万一……”(谓语动词用一般现在时态或should+动词原形)eg.IncaseoffirewhatshouldwedoPleaseremindmeaboutitincaseIforget/shouldforget.万一我忘了,请提醒我IncasethatJohncomes/shouldcomepleasetellhimtowait.Pleasetakeyourumbrellaincasethatitrains/shouldrain.带上雨伞,以防下雨句型11It强调句型强调句的基本构成Itis/was+被强调的部分+who(主要指人时)/that+其余部分[注意1]这种结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语(包括时间,地点,方式,原因等),但是不能强调谓语动词(参考句型15)原句的谓语动词如果是现在或将来时态,用Itis…that/who….;原句的谓语动词如果是过去时态,用Itwas…that/who….;强调时间、地点、原因或方式时不要用whenwhere或how必须用thatEg
1.Isawhiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.→ItwasIwhosawhiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调主语)→ItwasinthestreetthatIsawhimyesterdayafternoon.(强调地点状语)→ItwasyesterdayafternoonthatIsawhiminthestreet.(强调时间状语)→Itwashimthat/whoIsawinthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调宾语)Eg.2Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.→Itwasnotuntilhismothercamebackthathewenttobed.Hedidn’tdohishomeworkuntilhisfathercamebackfromwork.→Itwasn’tuntilhisfathercamebackfromworkthathedidhishomework.Eg.3Onlywhenyounearlylosesomeonedoyoufullyrealizehowmuchyouvaluehim.→Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeonethatyoufullyrealizehowmuchyouvaluehim.只有你快要失去某个人时,你才意识到你是多么尊重他Eg.4Iwaslateagainbecausethetrafficwasveryheavyduringtherushhour.→ItwasbecausethetrafficwasveryheavyduringtherushhourthatIwaslateagain.(强调句中只能强调由because引导的原因状语从句,because不能换成sinceasfornowthat等)[注意2]强调句的疑问结构一般疑问句Is/Wasit+被强调部分+who/that…特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+is/was+it+who/that…Whatis/wasitthat…Whois/wasitthat…Whenis/wasitthat…Whereis/wasitthat…Whyis/wasitthat…Howis/wasitthat…Eg.1Isawhiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.→Whenwasitthatyousawhiminthestreet→Whowasitthatyousawinthestreetyesterdayafternoon→WherewasitthatyousawhimyesterdayafternoonEg.2Idon’tknowwhenhewillcomeback.→Idon’tknowwhenitisthathewillcomeback.(宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序)–HowwasitthatyougotintouchwithMr.Smith你是怎么和Smith先生联系上的?–Troughafriendofmine.通过一个朋友句型12
(1)、祈使句(表条件)+or/orelse/otherwise+主句(表结果)…“否则…,要不然…”
(2)、祈使句(表条件)+and+主句(表结果)Eg.
1.Hurryuporyou’llbelateforclass.Pleasecallmeupbeforeyoucomeotherwise/orelse/orwemightbeout.你来之前打个电话,否则,我们也许会出去Thinkitoverandyouwillfindtheanswer.Givehimaninchandhewilltakeamile.得寸进尺Workhardandyouwillmakeprogresseveryday.好好学习,天天向上句型13…until….“直到……时候”;not…until…“直到……才……”Eg.Youaretostayuntil/tillyourmothercomesback.你得等到你妈妈回来Themeetingwasputoffuntilteno’clock.会议推迟到十点钟Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.→Notuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.(倒装句).o.m等到湖里的鱼全死光了,村民们才意识到污染是多么严重Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhismothercameback.→Itwasnotuntilhismothercamebackthathewenttobed.(强调句)Notuntilhefailedintheexamdidherealizethathehadwastedmuchtimeplayingcomputergames.Notuntilhissoncamebackfromschooldidhegotobed.句型14unless…“除非,如果不……”=if…noteg.Ishallgotomorrowunlessitrains.如果不下雨,我明天去–ShallTomgoandplayfootballw–Notunlesshehasfinishedhishomework.除非他完成作业,否则不能出去Iwon’tgounlesshecomestoinvitemehimself.除非他本人来邀请我,不然我是不会去的Iwon’tattendhisbirthdaypartyunlessinvited=unlessIaminvited.除非被邀请,否则我不去参加的生日晚会句型15when引导的从句when除了用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、表语从句和定语从句,还有一种用法值得关注,那就是when引导并列分句,意思是“这时突然;就在那时”,强调另一个动作的突然发生常用于以下句型中
(1)、主语+bedoing…when…意思是“正在做某事这时……”;
(2)、主语+beabouttodo…when…;
(3)、主语+beonthepointofdoing…when…意思是“正要去做某事这时……”eg.OnedayChuckwasonaflightacrossthePacificOceanwhensuddenlyhisplanecrashed.有一天,Chuck正在太平洋上飞行,这时他的飞机突然爆炸了Idon’tknowwhenhewillarrive.我不晓得他什么时候到达IthoughtofthehappydayswhenIwasinBeijing.我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子Ibelievethetimewillsooncomewhentherewillbenoweaponsintheworld.我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会到来IwaswalkingalongtheriverwhenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.我正在河边行走,这时我突然听到一个落水男孩求救Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.我刚要离开,这时下雨了Ihadjustfinishedmyexampaperwhenthebellrangannouncingtheclasswasover.我刚做完作业,下课铃响了IthoughtofthehappydayswhenIwasinFrance.我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子Ibelievethetimewillsooncomewhentherewillbenoweaponsintheworld.我相信世界上没有武器的日子不久就会来临[比较]IwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.我正在街上走,这时我看见一家裁缝店Iwaswalkingalongthestreets.JustatthemomentIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.我在街上走就在那时我看见一家裁缝店句型16while引导的从句while除了有“当/在……时候”的意思外(注意引导的句子谓语动词只能是延续性动词!),另外的两层意思也是考查的重点
(1)while=although“尽管”、“虽然”,引导让步状语从句;
(2)while的意思是“然而;可是”,常用来表达对比关系Eg.WhileIadmitthattheproblemisdifficultIdon’tthinkthattheycan’tbesolved.尽管我承认这个问题很难,但是我并不认为无法解决WhileIadmithisgoodpointsIcanseehisshortcomings.虽然我承认他的优点,我也能看出他的缺点WhileIwasangrywithherIdidn’tlosemytemper.虽然我很生气,但我当时没有对她发脾气WhileIunderstandyourviewpointIdon’tagreewithyou.虽然我了解你的见解,我还是不能同意(你)Iearnonly120dollarsaweekwhilesheearns180dollars.我一星期只赚120美元,她却赚180美元句型17where…(地点从句)[注意]where引导地点从句时,可以引导定语从句或是逻辑地点状语从句当它在定语从句中作地点状语,指代地点时,这时可以用inwhichonwhichatwhichtowhichfromwhich等结构代替但是它引导逻辑地点状语从句时,没有这样用法Eg.Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.把书放回原处Persistentpeoplebegintheirsuccesswhereothersendinfailure.不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取成功Wherethereisawillthereisaway.有志者,事竟成Wheremenaregreedythereisneverpeace.人类贪欲不止,世界和平无望Gowhereyoushouldkeeponstudying.无论你到哪里,你都应该继续学习Thatisthebuildingwheremyfatherworks.那是我父亲工作的大楼YesterdayIwenttothedepartmentstorewhereImetmyteacher.昨天我去百货公司,就在那儿遇见了我的老师w.wThat’swhereachangeisneeded.那就是需要变更的地方Wecouldseetherunnersverywellfromwherewestood.从我们所站的地方能很清楚地看到赛跑的选手Youshouldletyourchildrenplaywhereyoucanseethem.你应该让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍Potatoescanbegrowninplaceswhereitistoocoldtogrowrice.=Potatoescanbegrowninplaceswhereitistoocoldtogrowrice.(本句where引导定语从句)有些地方太冷不能种水稻,但可以种马铃薯[请比较下面句子结构不同]Potatoescanbegrownwhereitistoocoldtogrowrice.(本句where引导地点状语从句)句型18what引导的从句what在英语中非常活跃它可以用来引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句,但是不用来引导定语从句在句子里可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语,既可以指人,也可以指物Eg.Whatisthepopulationoftheworld世界的人口有多少?Whatdidyoupayforthispicture这幅画你付了多少钱?Whatismostimportantinlifeisn’tmoney.人生最重要的并非是金钱Willyoushowmewhatyoubought可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗?Maryisnolongerwhatshewastenyearsago.Mary已经不是10年前的她了句型19w.w.w.k.s.
5.u.c.o.mas引导的非限制性定语从句在as引导的非限制性定语从句中,连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等,可以指人或物其在定语从句中的位置比较灵活,即可以在句子前面,在句子中间或句子末尾常用的结构有asweallknow;asiswellknownto…;asisoftenthecase;asissaid/mentionedabove;ashasbeensaidbefore;asItoldyoubefore;asisevident;asoftenhappens;ascanbeseen;asis/wasexpected;asweexpect;asIcanremember等[注意1]as通常只指整个句子的内容,不表示部分内容[注意2]as引导的非限制性定语从句通常指“事先可以预料到的”“料想到的”,表达“好”的方面[注意3]as引导限制性定语从句时,常构成thesame…as…;such…as…;so/as…as…等结构在从句中既可以指人、物,也可以指整个句子ThisisalsopartofyourworkasItoldyoubefore.我曾告诉过你,这也是你工作的一部分Themanwasateacheraswasevidentfromhiswayofspeaking.从那人说话的样子可明显看出,他是个老师Suchideasashehitsonareworthless.像他那样偶然想起的主意是无用的It’sthesamestoryasIheardfromheryesterday.这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同Hewillmarryasprettyagirlashecanfind.他要尽可能找漂亮的女孩结婚Suchpeopleashavemadegreatcontributionstotheworldshouldbegreatlyrespected.那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人们应该受到极大的尊重句型20which引导的非限制性定语从句(也引导限制性定语从句)which引导的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容,也可以指句子的部分内容(如单词或词组等),在句子中可以作主语、宾语(动词或介词的)、定语等注意它在句子中的位置只能放在主句后,不能放在主句前表达的内容是“不好的”、“事先没有预料到的”等时,常用which,只指物YellowstoneNationalParkwhichisinWyomingisoneofthemostbeautifulnationalparksintheworld.黄石国家公园位于怀俄明州,是世界上最美丽的国家公园之一Theclockwhichmygrandfatherboughtisstillingoodorder.这时钟是我祖父买的,现在还走时很准w.w.w.k.s.
5.Thepictureforwhichhepaidanenormousamountofmoneywasaforgery.那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买,却是幅赝品Shechangedhermindagainwhichmadeusallangry.她又改变了主意,这使我们大家都生气.IlivedthreeyearsinParisduringwhichtimeIlearnedFrench.我在巴黎住了三年,在那期间我学了法语Theweatherturnedouttobeverygoodwhichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.天气结果转晴,这是我们没有预料到的句型21
(1)、疑问词+everwhateverwhoeverwhicheverwheneverwhereverhowever用来引导让步状语从句,相当于nomatter和whatwhowhichwhenwherehow连用Whatever=Nomatterwhatmayhappenweshallnotlosehope.无论发生什么事,我们都不能失去希望Whateverreasonsyoumayhaveyoushouldcarryoutapromise.无论你有什么理由,你都应该遵守诺言Whoever=Nomatterwhocomeshewillbewarmlywelcome.无论谁来,都会受到热烈欢迎Whenever=Nomatterwhenithappeneditwascertainlynotyesterday.此事无论发生在何时,但绝不是昨天Wheneveryoumaycallyouwillfindhersittingbythewindow.无论什么时候你去找她,你都会看到她坐在窗边Wherever=Nomatterwherehewenthemadefriendswithpeople.Whichever=Nomatterwhichofthemyoumanychoosethequalitywillbethesame.他们当中不论你选哪一个,品质都一样However=NomatterhowhardIhavetriedIcan’tfindtheanswer.
(2)、whateverwhoeverwhicheverwhomever等引导名词性从句,这时不能用nomatter+疑问词替换Takewhicheveryouwant.你要哪个就拿哪个Wewilldowhateverwecantohelphimout.我们要尽力帮助他摆脱困境I’llshowyouwhateveryouwanttosee.你想看什么我就给你看什么Whoeverdidthisjobmustberewarded.无论谁做这件事都要得到报酬Whoeverwalksaroundinsuchaheavyrainwillcatchacold.任何人在这种大雨中行走都会患感冒Youmayinvitewhomever(口语中常用whoever代替)youliketotheparty.你可以邀请你喜欢的人来参加晚会Takewhatevermagazinesyouwanttoread.你可以取阅任何你想读的杂志倒装结构w.w.w.k.s.
5.u.c.o.m句型22全倒装句型
(一)herethereoutinupdownnowthenaway等副词放在句首,句子需要全部倒装Theregoesthebell!=Thebellisringing.铃响了!Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.汽车来了Nowcomesyourturntomakeashortspeech.该轮到你发言了Awaywentthethiefwhenhesawthepolice.Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.我们期盼的时候到了[注意]
(1)在这种情况下倒装仅限于不及物动词或be动词,像gocomerushlivestandlie等
(2)主语是人称代词时不要倒装如Awayhewent.他走远了句型23全倒装句型
(二)表示方位的状语放在句首,句子全倒装;谓语动词多为beliestandsitcomewalkrunstopetc.不及物动词Onahillinfrontofthemstandsagreatcastle.在他们面前的山上矗立着一座巨大的城堡Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.房子的全面停着一辆警车Aroundthecornerwalksayoungpoliceman.拐角处有个年轻的警察在行走Underthetreesataboyofaboutten.在树下坐着一个大约10岁的男孩句型24全倒装句型
(三)(表语)adj./v-ing/v-ed+(地点状语)+be(或其他动词形式)…Soadj./adv…that…如此……以至于……so引导的句子倒装,而that引导的句子不倒装!这是半倒装句Presentatthemeetingwerethemanagerallthedesignersandthewriter.出席会议的有经理,设计师和词作者FastenedtothepoleistheNationalflag.旗杆上有一面国旗Hiddenbehindthedoorweresomenaughtychildren.有几个顽皮的孩子藏在门后面Sittingatthebackoftheclassroomwereseveraloldteacherslisteningattentivelytothenewteacher.坐在教室后面的是几位老教师,他们在认真地听新教师的课Gonearethedayswhenfarmerslivedinthepoorhouses.农民住在破旧房子里的日子过去了TypicalforChinaisthecrosstalkshowwhereapairofcomediansentertainstheaudiencewithwordplay.相声是中国典型的喜剧,两个演员通过玩弄词藻来逗乐观众SoclearlydoeshespeakEnglishthathecanalwaysmakehimselfunderstood.他说英语非常清晰,别人都能听懂他的话Sofastdoeslighttravelthatwecanhardlyimagineitsspeed.光运行非常快,我们几乎无法想象它的速度句型25半倒装句
(一)否定意义的副词或短语放在句首,句子半倒装这样的副词主要有littleseldomhardlyrarelyscarcelynevernotatallbynomeans(决不)atnotime(在任何时候都不),nowhereinnocase无论如何都不;notintheleast=notatallonnocondition(决不)等例NevershallIforgetyou.Atnotimewasthemanawareofwhatwashappening.那个人根本没有注意到发生的情况LittledidIunderstandwhathesaidtomeatthattime.我那时几乎没有明白他给我说的话It’sbeyonddescription.Nowhereelseintheworldcantherebesuchaquietbeautifulplace.那真是用语言难以形容世界上没有其他地方会有这么安静、美丽的地方了Notasinglemistakedidhemakeintheexam.他在考试中没有犯一个错误Bynomeansaretheseworksofartsatisfactory.这些艺术品根本不能令人满意Onnoconditionshouldyouvisitthatplace.你决不能去那个地方句型26半倒装句
(二)w.wnotonly…butalso…(前一分句倒装,后一分句不倒装)eg.NotonlywaseverythinghehadtakenawayfromhimbutalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.不仅他拥有的一切被那走了,就连他的德国国籍也被取消了Theysuggestednotonlyshouldweattendthepartybutalsogiveaperformance.他们建议我们不仅要参加晚会,还要进行表演Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhardwealsoshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime.我们学生不仅要学习好,还应该知道在课余时间怎样享受生活句型27半倒装句
(三)neithernor放在句首eg.Ifyoudon’tgotoseethemovieneitherwillI.如果你不去看电影,我也不去--Whydidn’tyoubuythejacket--Neitherwasthepricesatisfactorynordidthecoloragreewithme.价格不能令人满意,颜色也不太适合我Idon’tlikehimnordoIcareabouthim.我不喜欢他,也不关心他句型28半倒装句
(四)“only+状语”放在句首,句子半倒装Eg.Onlywhenthewarwasoverdidhereturntowork.直到战争结束他才回去工作Onlyafteryouhavereachedeighteencanyoujointhearmy.你只有到了18岁才能参军Onlyinthatwaywillwebereadyforthechallengesandopportunitiesinlife.只有这样,我们对生活中的机遇和挑战才会有充分的准备Onlybychangingthewaywelivewillwebeabletosavetheearth.只有改变生活方式,我们才能拯救地球[注意]这种结构的倒装只在only引导状语的时候使用,only引导主语的时候不用倒装Onlyinthiswaycanyouworkouttheproblem.你只有用这种方法才能做出题目Onlythiswaycanhelpyouworkouttheproblem.只有这种方法才能帮你做出题目句型29半倒装句
(五)so+be动词/助动词/情态动词等+主语“……也……”(表示肯定意思)neither/nor+动词/助动词/情态动词等+主语“……也……”(表示否定意思)SheisinterestedinthestorysoamI.HeenjoysplayingtheguitarsodoI.Isawthefilmlastnightsodidhe.Inthepast20yearsoursocietyhaschangedalotsohaveoureatinghabits.近20年来我们的社会发生了很大的变化,我们的饮食习惯也变了Tomdidn’tattendthemeetinglastnight;nordidMary.Tom没来参加昨晚的会议,Mary也没来Ihaveneverbeenabroad.Neither/NorhasTom.[比较1]“so+主语+助动词”表示肯定已有的观点或事实Eg.–Wehaveallworkedhardthesedays.–Sowehave.(的确如此)IpromisedtohelphimandsoIdid.(我确实帮助他了)[比较2]“主语+助动词+so”表示按照别人的要求去做Eg.ThewoundedlittleboyaskedmetolifthimupandIdidso.ThedoctoraskedCharlietobreathedeeplyandhedidso.句型30soitiswithsomebody=it’sthesamewithsomebody前者怎么样,后者也怎么样[注意]前面既有否定句又有肯定句,或有多个谓语动词或助动词难以选择时,用此句型Eg.JohnlikesEnglishbuthedoesn’tlikemathssoitiswithmesoitisthesamewithme.Tomisastudentandhestudieshardsoitiswithme.–Hewasreallymanlyenoughtoberesponsibleforwhathehaddone.他像个男子汉,敢于对自己的所作所为负责–Sohewasandsoitwaswithyou.他的确如此,你当时也一样虚拟语气句型31(从句)If+were/did(动词的过去式),(主句)主语+would/might/should/could+do(表示对现在情况的假设)Eg.IfIwereyouIwouldnotbesoproud.如果我是你,我不会如此自负Idon’thaveacellphone.IfIhadoneitwouldbeconvenientformetogetintouchwithothers.IfIwereinyourpositionIwouldthinkbetterofit.如果我处在你的位置,我会好好考虑它句型32(从句)If+haddone(主句)主语+would/might/should/could+havedone(表示对过去或已经发生事情的虚拟假设)Eg.Whatapityitisthatyoudidn’tattendtheconcertyesterday!Ifyouhadattendedtheconcertyouwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger.真遗憾昨天你没有去听音乐会如果你去了,就能见到那位著名歌手Anyoneinhispositionwouldhavedonethesame.=Ifanyonehadbeeninhispositionhewouldhavedonethesame.任何处在他位置的人都会这样做的句型33(从句)If+were/did(动词过去式)/weretodo/shoulddo,(主句)主语+would/might/should/could+do(表示对将来的假设)Eg.Ifheshouldrefuse=Ifheweretorefuse=Ifherefuseditdidn’tmatteratall.万一他拒绝了,那也没关系Ifyoushouldn’tpassthecollegeentranceexaminationwhatwouldyoudo万一高考不中,你该怎么办?句型34虚拟语气条件句的倒装在虚拟条件句中,如果出现有werehadshould,可以省去if把这些词放在句子前面,构成虚拟倒装句Eg.Shouldheactlikethatagainhewouldbefined.如果他还这样做,就要受罚Hadthedoctorcomeintimelastnight=Ifthedoctorhadcomeintimelasttimetheboywouldhavebeensaved.昨天晚上要是医生及时到达,小孩就会得救WereItogotothemoononedayIwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.HadIenoughmoney=IfIhadenoughmoneyIwouldbuyalargerhouse.句型35ifonly引起的感叹句,相当于“HowIwish+宾语从句”,意思是“但愿……;要是……就好了”eg.Ifonlyhecouldcome!他要是能来就好了!Ifonlywestudentsdidn’thavesomuchhomework!要是没有这么多的作业该多好!IfonlyIhadn’tbeensocarelessintheexam!我当时没有那么粗心就好了!句型36ifitwerenotfor…=wereitnotfor…ifithadn’tbeenfor…=haditnotbeenfor…“要不是因为有……;如果不是……”[注意]这种结构中不能用否定结构的缩写形式,即不能用weren’titfor…)Eg.Ifithadn’tbeenfor=Haditnotbeenforthedeterminedcaptainallthepassengersonboardwouldn’thavebeensaved.要不是船长一直坚强,船上的旅客就不会得救Ifitwerenotforyourrichparentsyoucouldn’tlivesoeasyalife.要不是你父母有钱,你的生活不会如此安逸IfitwerenotfortheexpenseIwouldgoabroadnow.如果不是因为经费问题,我现在就出国了句型37w.w.w.k.s.
5.u.c.o.m“butfor+名词”和“butthat+从句”,意思是“倘若不是;要不是”,接虚拟语气Eg.Butforairandwaternothingcouldlive.=Iftherewerenoairorwaternothingcouldlive.如果没有空气和水,什么东西都难以生存Butforthestormweshouldhavearrivedearlier.=Ifithadn’tbeenforthestormweshouldhavearrivedearlier.如果不是暴风雨,我们早就到了Butforyouwecouldn’thavecarriedouttheplan.要不是你的话,我们无法实施那项计划Shecouldnothavebelieveditbutthatshesawit.若非亲眼所见,她是不会相信的句型38在动词insist(1坚持做某事),ordercommand(2命令)advisesuggestpropose(3建议做某事),demandrequirerequestask(4要求)等表示建议、命令、要求的名词性从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气基本句型主语+should+动词原形另外像decidedesireintendrecommend等也要接should+动词原形结构Eg.MotherinsiststhatTomshouldgotobedatnineo’clock.(宾语从句)Wesuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeheldatonce.Itwasrequiredthatthecropsshouldbeharvestedatonce.(主语从句)Thesuggestionthatheshouldbeinvitedwasrejected.(同位语从句)Thatistheirdemandthattheirwagesshouldbeincreased.(表语从句)[注意1]advicesuggestionorderdemandproposalrequestdesirecommanddecisionrequirement等名词引导的同位语从句或表语从句,谓语动词用should+动词原形[注意2]It’ssuggested/advised/demanded/ordered/requested/proposed/required/desired等结构后的主语从句中,谓语动词用should+动词原形[注意3]suggest意思是“表明,暗示;说明”时;insist意思是“坚持观点,坚持看法”时,句子不能用虚拟语气Eg.Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.=Heinsistedonhisinnocence.他坚持说自己是无辜的Heinsistedthathehadneverdonewrong.他坚持说没有做错事情AreyousuggestingthatI’mnotsuitedforthejob你是在暗示说我不适合做那项工作?Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthattheteacherwasquitesatisfiedwiththeresult.脸上的表情说明老师对结果感到满意句型39Itisnecessary/important/natural/impossible/essential(基本的)等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气,即主语+should+动词原形[例句]It’snecessarythatTomtaketheexamfirst.Tom有必要先参加考试Withthesocietydevelopingveryfastit’squitenecessary/importantthatweshouldhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishandcomputer.随着社会的快速发展,我们有必要精通英语和电脑句型40It’sstrange/surprising/apity/ashame/asurprisethat…shoulddo…should表示“竟然”Eg.It’sapitythatsheshouldmissthechance.很遗憾她错过了机会It’sreallysurprisingthataprophecy(预言)shouldcoincidewiththefactsoexactly.令人惊讶的是,预言和事实竟然如此巧合It’sstrangethatheshouldn’tpasstheexam.奇怪的是他竟然没有通过考试www.ks5u.com。