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中考英语介词知识点精讲大全I.介词的概念介词是一种用来表示词与词词与句之间的关系的词在句中不能单独作句子成分介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语II.牢记口诀介词口诀自从以当为按照,由于对于为了到;和跟把比在关于,除了同对向往朝;用在名词代词前,修饰动形要记牢III.介词归类大全
一、表示地理位置的介词1atinontoat1表示在小地方;2表示“在……附近,旁边”in1表示在大地方;2表示“在…范围之内”on表示毗邻,接壤to表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤例句Hearrivedatthestationatten.Heissittingatthedesk.HearrivedinShanghaiyesterday.JiangsuliesintheeastofChina.RussialiesonthenorthofChina.FujianistothesouthofJiangsuProvince.2aboveoveron在……上above指在……上方不强调是否垂直,与below相对;over指垂直的上方与under相对但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触on表示某物体上面并与之接触例句Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.Heputhiswatchonthedesk.3belowunder在……下面under表示在…正下方below表示在……下,不一定在正下方例句Thereisacatunderthetable.Pleasewriteyournamebelowtheline.
二、表示时间的介词1inon,at在……时in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等如inthe20thcenturyinthe1950sin1989insummerinJanuaryinthemorninginthenightinone’slifeinone’sthirties等on表示具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚如onMay1stonMondayonNewYear’sDayonacoldnightinJanuaryonafinemorningonSundayafternoon等at表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等如:at3:20atthistimeofyearatthebeginningofattheendof…attheageof…atChristmas,atnightatnoonatthismoment等注意在lastnextthisthatsomeevery等词之前一律不用介词如Wemeeteveryday.2inafter在……之后“in+段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后;“after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;“after+将来点时间”表示将来的某一时刻以后例句Mymotherwillcomebackinthreeorfourdays.Hearrivedafterfivemonths.Shewillappearafterfiveo’clockthisafternoon.3fromsince自从……from仅说明什么时候开始,不说明某动作或情况持续多久;since表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻,通常与完成时连用例句Hestudiedthepianofromtheageofthree.Theyhavelivedheresince
1978.4afterbehind在……之后after主要用于表示时间;behind主要用于表示位置例句Weshallleaveafterlunch.Lucyishidingbehindanoldhouse.
三、表运动方向的介词acrossthrough通过,穿过across表示横过即从物体表面通过,与on有关;through穿过即从物体内部穿过,与in有关例句Sheswamacrosstheriver.Hewalkedthroughtheforest.
四、表示“在……之间”的介词betweenamongbetween指在两个人或两个事物之间;among指在三个或三个以上的人或事物之间例句ThereisafootballmatchbetweenClassOneandClassTwoontheplayground.Theteacherisstandingamongthestudents.
五、表示其他意义的介词1onabout关于on表示这本书,这篇文章或演说是严肃的,或学术性的,可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读;about表示内容较为普通,不那么正式例句Therewillbealectureoneconomicsthisafternoon.Heiswritingabookoncooking.Hetoldmealotabouthislifeinthesummervocation.2bywithin表示方法、手段、工具by以……方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具;with表示用…工具、手段,一般接具体的工具和手段;in表示用…方式,用…语言语调、笔墨、颜色等;例句Hemakesalivingbysellingnewspapers.Hebrokethewindowwithastone.TheforeignerspoketousinEnglish.3exceptbesides除了except除……之外,不包括在内;besides除……之外,包括在内例句ExceptMr.Wangwewenttoseethefilm.王先生没去BesidesMr.Wangwealsowenttoseethefilm.王先生也去了介词单项选择题专项训练100题及答案巩固练习
1.Taiwanis________thesoutheastofChina.(inonto)
2.Go_________thebridge_________theriveryou’llfindtheshop.(acrossthrough;overabove)
3.Igotoschool__________7:30everymorning.(inonat)
4.Hewouldliketomeether__________8:00and9:00tomorrowmorning.(betweenamong)
5.TheGreenshavelivedinChina________threeyears.(inforafter)
6.Wegotoschooleveryday________SaturdayandSunday.(exceptbesides)
7.Hewrotetheletter_________ink.(bywithin)
8.Shereturnedtohercountry_________fiveyears.(inafterfor)
9.Thereisabigtree_________ourclassroom.(afterbehind)
10.Iusuallygotowork_________bike.(byonwith)其他常用介词介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小,但它们的用法却非常灵活复杂下列为常用介词及含义about关于附近大约周围随身.IhaveboughtabookaboutShakespearean.我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书Thereareaboutfifteentreesinthepicture.图片里大约有十五棵树above在....上高出以上超过在...上游.Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.飞机在云上飞行Ithinkthemanisabovesixtyyearsold.我想那人有六十多岁了across横过对面交叉在...的对面.Canyouswimacrosstheriver?你能游过河吗?Weliveacrossthestreet.我们住在街的对面after在...后面依照.Hewenthomeafterschool.他放学后就回家了Readaftermeplease.请跟我朗读against撞到,靠着反对违背Thecarhitagainstthetree.汽车撞了树Heisstandingagainstthewall.他靠墙站着along沿着顺着.Theyarewalkingalongtheriver.他们沿着河行走among在...当中.Heisthetallestamongthem.他是他们当中个子最高的around在...的周围在...那一边.Theysataroundthetabletalkingthenews.他们绕桌而坐谈论新闻Thereisadrugstorearoundthecorner.拐角处有一家药店as作为.Hedoesntlikepeopletreathimasachild.他不喜欢人们把他当小孩子对待at在...时刻在...点钟在...岁时向,在...之中,按...速度值卖...钱Healwaysgetsupatsixinthemorning.他时常早上六点钟起床Heshotatthebirdbutmissedit.他向鸟射击,但是没射中Thecargoesateightymilesanhour.汽车以每小时八十公里的速度行驶before在...的前面位置在...之前时间Hetookapicturebeforethecar.他在汽车前照了张照片Hecantfinishhisworkbeforesupper.晚饭前他完不成工作behind在...的后面位置落后于,不如,迟于晚于时间Arethereanybroomsbehindthedoor.门后有扫帚吗?Allofusarebehindhiminmathematics.我们数学都不如他below在...之下低于Therearefourlightsbelowtheceiling.天花板下面有四盏灯Themurdererrunawaybelowthepoliceseyes.杀人犯从警察眼皮底下跑了beside在...的旁边在...之外与...相比.Hefoundthebodybesidetheriver.他在河边发现了尸体Besideyours,mycomputeristooslow.与你的计算机速度相比,我的就慢多了besides除...之外WeareallherebesidesBowe.除鲍外,我们也都来了between在...两者之间Therelationsbetweenthetwocountrieshasimprovedsincethen.两国的关系从那以后得到了改善beyond在...那边Theshopyouarelookingforisbeyondthestreetyoucantmissit.你要找的商店在街的那边,你不会找不到的but除去.Hehasnothingbutmoney.他除钱以外什么都没有by被...在...的近旁在...之前不迟于以...为手段Theclassroomwascleanedbythestudents.教室由学生们打扫干净了MissLucycametoChinabyair.露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的down沿着...望下Shewalkeddownthestreet.她沿着街道走during在...期间在...时候Duringtheholidaywewenttothesouth.我们假期去了南方except除...之外HeknowsnothingexceptEnglish.他除英语以外什么都不知道for为...因为...至于...Heworksforthiscompany.他为这家公司工作Shecamebacktotheclassroomforshehadleftherbooksintheclassroom.她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里from从...来自...因为...Whereareyoufrom你是哪里人?Hediedfromanaccident.他死于一场事故in在...在...之内,从事于...按照...穿着...Hewasbornin
1992.他生于1992年Icouldfinishtheprogramintwoweeks.我可以用两周时间完成这个项目Hespendlesstimeinreading.他读书时间很少Themaninblackjacketisourteacher.穿黑夹克的那个人是我们的老师like象...,如同...Thetwinsareliketheirfather.双胞胎像他们的父亲near靠近....Therearesomeflowersnearthehouse.房子附近有一些花of...的,属于...ThisisamapofChina.这是一张中国地图off离开...,在...之外Theyoungmangotoffthetrainquickly.那个年青人很快下了火车Iliveinavillagealittlewayoffthemainroad.我住在离大路不远的一个村庄里on在...之上Mybookisonthetable.我的书在桌子上outof从...出来,在...之外Thedogrunoutofthehouse.狗从房子里跑出来outside...外边.Theyarewaitingoutsidethegate.他们在门外等着over在...之上,遍于...之上,越过...Thereisalightoverthedesk.桌子上方有盏灯Heisoversixtyyearsold.他有六十多岁past越过...,过...,超越...Thestudentswalkedpastthepostoffice.学生们走过了邮局Itistenpasttwo.现在是两点十分round围着...,绕过...,在...周围Wesatroundthetable.我们围着桌子坐下Theearthgoesroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转since自...以后,自...以来HehasmadegreatprogressinEnglishsincehecameintothecollege.从他来到大学后,他的英语有了很大进步through经过...,穿过...Theywentthroughtheforest.他们穿过了森林throughout遍及...,在各处Thepolicesearchedforthecriminalthroughoutthemountain.警察搜山寻找犯人till直到...,在...以前Hedidntcomebacktillelevenoclock.他直到十一点钟才回来Wellbehometillsix.六点以前我们都会在家to到...,向...,趋于Howlongisitfromheretothestation?从这儿到车站有多远?under在...之下,低于Therearesomefootballsunderthebed.床底下有几颗足球Thesestudentsareunderseventeenyearsold.这些学生们不到十七岁until直到,在...以前,Pleasewaitforusuntilwecomeback.请等着我们回来ItwasnotuntillastweekthatIhandedinmathematicspaper.直到上周,我才交了数学论文up在...上面,在...上Hewentupthestairs.他上了楼梯upon在...之上,迫近...Itsnotpolitetolookdownuponhim.蔑视他是不礼貌的within在...之内Youmustfinishtheworkwithintwoweeks.你必须两周内完成这项工作without没有,不,在...之外Wecantdoitbetterwithoutyourhelp.没有你的帮助,我们就做不好Wecouldntlivewithoutairandwater.没有空气和水,我们就不可能生存。