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Unit4MatriculationFixationChineseTranslationofParagraphs
1.两年前的一天,我坐在费城一所医院的大厅里焦急地等待着,一位素不相识的人突然向我讲述了他女儿的大学就读计划由于那天下午我79岁的老母亲刚动了大手术,还没醒过来,我无法全神贯注地听他的叙述但是随着他讲述的深入,我却记住了其中的大部分与话题有关的细节
2.这位女生虽然算不上出类拔萃,但还算出色,她已经被一所一流名牌大学接受,不过没有助学金与此同时,一所当地的二大学也录取了她,并承诺全免学费由于家里还有几个孩子排在后面将上大学,经济自然有些紧,这位父亲便说服女儿接受了第二所大学的录取通知现在,他担心她某天会懊悔这个决定,因为她将来毕业的学校名气较小,结交不广,为她敞开的大门也少些虽然她的学位证书使她离通往成功的黄金大道并不遥远,但却不会把她直接放在这条大道上
3.我本世俗百姓,对一些陌生人的婚姻、职业和嗜好最为私密的细枝末节耳熟能详,因此很早便掌握了调解这类危机的必备技巧我告诉这位男士,我许多高中同学都毕业于这所二流大学,但他们都过上了丰富而充实的生活
4.我告诉他,我自己就毕业于费城一所二流大学,和她女儿要就读的学校并无二致,而我也已在世上为自己找到了一小块立足之地我还告诉他,我的大学岁月是我人生中最快乐的时光,教授们既有才识又很敬业,对他们的教诲和启发我永怀感恩之心他又追问我的个人情况,我解释说我是个自由作家,我扼要罗列了自己的资历,还告诉他我对自己的职业生涯也很满意
5.这位父亲从来没有听说过我,也没有读过我的作品尽管他对我那可怜的履历佯装兴趣,我依然看出他已经崩溃了他女儿也计划从事新闻行业,如果走上和我一样的学术道路,最终也会像我一样失败
6.我始终没有弄明白他为什么去那医院
7.我之所以提及此事,是因为它折射了在该送孩子上大学的时刻到来时家长们神经质到了什么程度我知道我在说什么明年秋天,我的女儿就要上大学了;三年之后,我的儿子也要跟着上大学看着他们离开家门,我会难过这些年,他俩带给了我无尽的欢乐但是事情总是有两面性的我的孩子离家后,我将不必再加入到那些令人头脑麻木的讨论,探讨我自己的孩子或者哪个朋友或邻居的孩子上哪所大学啦,为什么要上那所大学啦在这个话题上,我已经彻底落伍了
8.我对此不感兴趣,并非因为我自私,也不纯粹是因为我瞧不起别人的子女,而是因为我发现,这类关于择校的谈话几乎都很庸俗乏味,不是自吹自擂,就是自我贬损与此相比,我宁愿聊聊怎么打纸牌
9.最令人愤慨的是,在有些讨论中,家长显然是想替孩子做主,决定孩子的职业,并从中得到情感上的满足这些人相信,进入一流大学等于拿到了通向成功的无限期护照和一生财运亨通的保证这些一心往上爬的傻瓜家长们,在宣告自己孩子的归宿并庆贺自己干了件好事的同时,也流露出了一副普鲁士式的好斗,低声挖苦那些子女天赋不高的父母天赋不高的父母对他们而言,抚养孩子最艰难的部分已经熬过去了孩子初中毕业上了对头的预备学校,交上对头的朋友,参加了对头的活动,现在又瞄准了对头的大学现在我们可以闪人离开这儿搬到托斯卡纳了
10.但在现实中,人生并非止步于17岁,也不止步于21岁!在现实生活中,有些孩子虽然接受了最好的教育,但人生却糟糕无比做我这行的,不少人虽上对了名校,但最终却入错了行那些最有可能成功的少男少女之中,有些最终将靠福利救济生活,或者沦落于贫民区,需要父母的接济父母的责任并不止于孩子离开家门之时,父母的责任永远不会完结,这就是为什么大自然赋予你当父母的职责
11.第二类人是数目更为庞大的强迫症患者,他们突然意识到,自己平庸的孩子将不会有出息17年没有好好读过书,没有参观过博物馆,没有修过的高级预备课程,现在终于酿成恶果,那些步入阿默斯特学院、巴德学院和杜克大学宏伟的演讲大厅之梦瞬间化为乌有这些家长们羞愧难当,无地自容,咕哝着那些名不见经传的学校名字,他们的孩子正要灰溜溜地到那儿读书了毫无例外,这些学校在人们闻所未闻且都无人知晓的小镇上,连它们所在州的首府也只有那些《勇闯险关》节目的多次获胜者才知道脸色凝重的家长似乎在说,市场说了算,我的孩子是笨蛋!
12.然而,现实总能打乱老鼠和门萨策划得最糟糕的计划有些孩子开窍较晚,有些孩子则在竞争不太激烈的环境中表现更优秀许多人虽然没有名校的学位,但在社会上照样成就斐然同样,你也不应该仅仅因为孩子没跨过人生第一道、甚至第二十道栏杆,就不认他马蒂斯40多岁才成名,比尔·盖茨、大卫·格芬、迈克尔·戴尔、格雷顿·卡特和麦当娜都曾在大学中途辍学罗纳德·里根曾就读的是很小的尤里卡学院,沃伦·巴菲特上的则是内布拉斯加州林肯市的足球学校即便你可能读过弗·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德(其本人于1917年从普林斯顿退学)小说中的故事,人生并非一出独幕剧,通常还有第二幕和第五幕,更不要说续篇了上述择校问题之荒唐程度,莫过于人们按规定参观大学校园时看到的景象了家长们根本不清楚自己想要什么,特别是在那些引人注目、名声在外的学校最近我们到麻省理工学院参观,我看了30秒钟招生办公室摄制的视频,该段视频自嘲地说该校是个书呆子工厂随后,我妻子和女儿继续观看视频,听它向申请的学生保证说,麻省理工学院生产的是人间难觅的书呆子,而我则在校园漫步我真的看到了很多书呆子我这么说并非指责他们什么
13.那天早晨晚些时候,一位导游带我们一群人参观了校园走到一处,她指给我们一个餐厅说,学生可以在那里买到便宜的快餐“一顿多少钱?”一位母亲兴奋地问“八美元,”导游回答道这位妇女不禁打了个哆嗦,说每天晚餐八美元实在太贵了
14.“你得花四万美元才能送你的孩子到这里上学,”我插了一句,“请先不要担心晚餐的价格”
15.自从今年秋天参观了这个校园之后,这件事就成了我的一个重要的保留话题现在,每当我被卷入有关大学择校的无休止的讨论时,我就表示校园餐厅价格的持续监管,尤其是帕尼尼三明治的价格,也应成为大学择校的一项重要参考指标那些听过我的类似言论的人,也无从判别我到底是感觉迟钝,脾气乖戾,还是纯粹是个白痴不过,我们可以这么说我从来就不是上麻省理工学院的那块料SectionFourConsolidationActivitiesI.TextComprehension
1.Decidewhichofthefollowingbeststatestheauthorspurpose.A.Totellhispersonalexperienceincollegeselectionprocedures.B.Toofferhisphilosophyaboutcollegeselectionandone’sfuturecareerorsuccessinlife.C.Todescribetheimportanceofparents’roleinchildren’scollegeeducation.Key:[B]
2.Judgeaccordingtothetextwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.
1.Theprimaryreasonforthefathertochoosealocalsecond-echelonuniversityforhisdaughterisbasedoneconomicconsiderations.[T]
2.Theauthor’ssuccessasafreelancewriterislargelyduetohiseducationinaprestigiousuniversity.[F]
3.Itisimpliedthoughnotstatedthatallparentsincludingtheauthorhimselfundergoacriticaltimewhentheirchildrenaregoingtocollege.[T]
4.Ensuringthattheirchildrenenteroneofthetopuniversitiesistheultimateobjectiveofsomeparents.[T]
5.Theparentswhorecognizetheirchildren’sincapabilitytomakethecuthaveneverexpectedtheirchildrentogotoprestigiousuniversities.[T]
6.ThecampustourofMITenabledtheauthortochangehisattitudeaboutcollegeselection.[T]II.WritingStrategiesWritteninapersonalandinformalstylethisessayhasanumberofsubtopicsthatarecarefullyintroduced.WhatarethesesubtopicsTheessaybeginswiththeauthor’sunexpectedencounterwithastrangerinahospitalandendswithhistourofMITcampus.HowdothesetwoincidentshelptoconnectallthesubtopicstothethemeoftheessayTheessayhasthefollowingsubtopicsasmaincomponents:1theauthor’sownsituationandexperiencesincollegeeducationandcollegeselectionParagraphs3–8;2hisprobeintoandcommentsonthetwoclassesofcollegeselectionobsessivesParagraphs9–
12.Thetwoincidentsarerespectivelyrelatedwiththefirstandthesecondsubtopics:theencounterputstheauthorandthemaninasimilarsituationboththemanandtheauthorhavekidswhoaregoingtoattendcollege;thecampustourprovidessupporttotheauthor’scommentsonthematter.Thetwoincidentshelptoclarifythesubtopicsbymeansoffullandprogressiveexplanationoftheauthor’sattitudetowardsthemattertheauthor’scollegedayshishighschoolchumsexamplesoffailuresandsuccessesetc.III.LanguageWork
1.Explaintheunderlinedpartsineachsentenceinyourownwords.
1.Moneybeingtightwithothercollege-boundchildreninthefamilyqueuethemanhadpersuadedhisdaughtertoaccepttheseconduniversity’soffer.Nothavingmuchmoney;childrenwhoaregoingtocollege
2.Nowhewasworriedthatshewouldonedayruethisdecisionregretnothavingstudiedinthefirst-classuniversity
3.I...hadmanagedtocarveoutanicelittlenicheformyself.findajobwhichwasverysuitable
4.Threeyearslatermysonwillfollowsuit.gotocollegetoo
5.Someofthoseboysandgirlsmostlikelytosucceedaregoingtoenduponwelfareorskidrow.aregoingtobepoorlivingonwelfarewithoutajoboraplacetoliveandoftendrinkingtoomuchalcohol
6.AsecondfarmorenumerousclassofobsessivesconsistsofpeoplewhosuddenlyrealizethattheirBrandXchildrenaren’tgoingtomakethecut.measureuptoacertainstandard
7.SeventeenyearsofunreadtextbooksunvisitedmuseumsanduntakenAPcoursesarenowfinallytakingtheirtoll...havingabadeffect
8.DuringarecentvisittoMITIwatchedthefirstthirtysecondsofanadmissionsofficevideopokingfunattheuniversity’sreputationasanerdfactory.makingjokesabout;aplacewhereboringpersonalitiesarefostered
9.Atonejunctureshepointedoutarestaurantwherestudentscouldgrabafastinexpensivemeal.Atonepoint
10....sedulousmonitoringofon-campusrestaurantpricesshouldbeavitalcomponentofthewinnowingprocedureparticularlyvis-a-vispanini.theprocessofreducingalargenumberofuniversitiestoamuchsmallernumber;withregardto
2.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Theonlyilluminationilluminatewasfromaskylight.
2.Thegoldenautumnlightprovidedtheinspirationinspireforthepainting.
3.Therewasabiographicalbiographynoteabouttheauthoronthebackofthebook.
4.Shewasutterlydevastateddevastatewhenherhusbanddied.
5.She’sneuroticneurosisaboutherweight—sheweighsherselfthreetimesaday.
6.It’sinfuriatinginfuriatewhenpeoplekeepspellingyournamewrongisn’tit
7.He’sobsessiveobsessaboutpunctuality
8.Lizhasafixationfixatewithfood.
9.Themedicalexaminationbeforeyoustartworkisobligatoryoblige.
10.Hercontroversialspeechwaspunctuatedwithnoisyinterjectionsinterjectfromtheaudience.
3.Fillintheblanksineachsentencewithaphrasetakenfromtheboxinitsappropriateform.Explaining1|Filling1|Filling2|Explaining2|Proof-reading|Clozeinjeopardy|screwup|inquestion|flatouttickoff|takeatoll|sottovoce|winnowdowndragooninto|followsuit|forkover|stemfrom
1.I’vebeendragoonedintogivingtheafter-dinnerspeech.
2.Istayedathomeonthenightinquestion.
3.Thelivesofthousandsofbirdsareinjeopardyasaresultoftheoilspillage.
4.Whenoneairlinereducesitspricestherestsoonfollowsuit.
5.Iscrewedupmyexamslastyear.
6.Theproblemsofthepastfewmonthshavetakenatollonherhealthandthereareshadowsbeneathhereyes.
7.Theirdisagreementstemmedfromamisunderstanding.
8.Theremarkwasutteredsottovoce.
9.Wehadtoforkovertenbuckstoparknearthestadium.
10.Tickoffeachitemonthelistasyoucompleteit.
11.Alistof12candidateshasbeenwinnoweddowntoashortlistofthree.
12.Shetoldhimflatoutthatshewouldnotgototheshow.
4.Explainthemeaningoftheunderlinedpartineachsentence.
1.Spendingtimewithone’sfamilyisneveranunalloyedpleasure.aone-hundred-percentpleasantexperience
2.Ican’tstandhisbelligerence.hiswishtoarguewithpeopleallthetime
3.Shegaveabashfulsmileashecomplimentedheronherwork.embarrassed
4.Whenhisparentsdiedhefoundhimself$100000betteroff.had$100000morethanhehadinthepast
5.TheCIAwasmonitoringhisphonecalls.secretlylisteningto
6.Northboundtrafficismovingveryslowlybecauseoftheaccident.Trafficwhichistravelingnorth
7.Shehadalookofutterdevastationonherface.extremeshockandsadness
8.Inhisclosingremarksthechairmanthankedeveryonewhohadhelpedconcluding
9.Ifyouhavenotsignedacontractyouareundernoobligationtopaythemanymoney.itisnotnecessaryforyouto
10.Therewasascreechofbrakesandthebusshudderedtoahalt.shookviolentlyandstopped
5.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingpassage.Thepassagecontainstenerrorsoneineachindicatedline.Ineachcaseonlyonewordisinvolved.Correctionsshouldbedoneasfollows:Wrongword:underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectwordintheblank.Extraword:deletetheextrawordwithan“×.”Missingword:markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”andwritethemissingwordintheblank.IvyRetardationItdidn’tdownonmethattheremightbeafewholesinmyeducationuntilIwasabout
35.I’djustboughtahousethepipesneededfixingandtheplumberwasstandinginmykitchen.TherehewasashortbeefyguywithathickBostonaccentandIsuddenlylearnedthatIdidn’thavetheslightestideawhattosaytosomeonelikehim.SoalienwashisexperiencetomesounguessablehisvaluesomysterioushisverylanguagethatIcouldn’tsucceedinengaginghiminafewminutes’ofsmalltalkbeforehegotdowntowork.FourteenyearsofhighereducationandahandfulofIvyLeaguedegreesandthereIwasstiffandstupidstruckdumbbymyowndumbness.“Ivyretardation”afriendofminecallsthis.IcouldcarryoutconversationswithpeoplefromothercountriesinotherlanguagesbutIcouldn’ttalktothemanwhowasstandinginmyownhouse.It’snotsurprisingthatittookmesolongtodiscovertheextentofmymiseducationbecausethelatestthinganeliteeducationwillteachyouisitsowninadequacy.ThefirstdisadvantageofaneliteeducationasIlearnedinmykitchenthatdayisthatitmakesyouincapableoftalkingtopeoplewhodon’tlikeyou.Eliteschoolspridethemselvesontheirdiversitybutthatdiversityisalmostentirelyamatterofethnicityandrace.Withrespectinclasstheseschoolsarelargelyhomogeneous.Atthesametimebecausetheseschoolstendtocultivateliberalattitudestheyleavetheirstudentsintheparadoxicalpositionofwantingtoadvocateonbehalfoftheworkingclasswhilebeingunabletoholdasimpleconversationwithanyoneinit.Theseconddisadvantageisthataneliteeducationinculcatesafalsesenseofself-worth.Gettingtoanelitecollegebeingatanelitecollegeandgoingonfromanelitecollege—allinvolvenumericalrankings:SATGPAGRE.Youlearntothinkforyourselfintermsofthosenumbers.Theycometosignifynotonlyyourfatebutyouridentity;notonlyyouridentitybutyourvalue.Thereisnothingwrongwithtakingprideinone’sintellectorknowledge.Thereissomethingwrongwiththesmugnessandself-congratulationthateliteschoolsconniveatfromthemomentthefatenvelopescomeinthemail.Fromorientationtograduationthemessageisclear:Youdeserveeverythingyourpresencehereisgoingtoenableyoutoget.WhenpeoplesaythatstudentsateliteschoolshaveastrongsenseofentitlementtheymeanthatthosestudentsthinktheydeservemorethanotherpeoplebecausetheirSATscoresarehigh.Buttheydon’t.Graduatesofeliteschoolsarenotmorevaluablethanstupidpeopleortalentlesspeopleorevenlazypeople.Theirpaindoesnothurtmore.Theirsoulsdonotweighmore.IfIwerereligiousIwouldsayGoddoesnotlovethemmore.dawnvalues3minutes4on5last6aren’t7to8of9something10higher
6.FillineachblankinthepassagebelowwithONEappropriateword.ConfuciusandSocratesKongZialsocalledConfucius551–479B.C.andSocrates469–399B.C.livedonlyahundredyearsapartandduringtheir1lifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreecebutitisinterestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheirideasandhowtheseideasin2turnshapedtheirsocieties.Bothphilosopherslivedin3timesofconflictthoughtherewasmorewarfareinGreecethanin4China.TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudalwhilethe5Greekcity-statesweresmallandurban.The6urbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradicalthanKongZi.7UnlikeKongZiSocrateswasnotaskedbyrulershowtogoverneffectively.ThusSocrateswasabletobemoreidealisticfocusingonissues8likefreedomandknowledgeforitsownsake.KongZiontheotherhandadvisedthoseingovernmentserviceandmanyofhisstudentswentonto9government.KongZisuggestedtheGoldenRuleasaprincipleforthe10conductoflife:“Donotdotootherswhatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou.”Heassumedthatallmenwereequalat11birththoughsomehadmorepotentialthanothersandthatitwasknowledgethatsetmen12apart.Socrates13focusedontheindividualandthoughtthatthegreatestpurposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelievedthatsomepeoplehadmore14potentialtodeveloptheirreasonthanothers15did.LikeKongZihebelievedthatthesuperiorclassshouldrulethe16inferiorclasses.ForSocratesthefamilywas17ofnoimportanceandthecommunityof18littleconcern.ForKongZihoweverthefamilywasthecenterofsocietywithfamilyrelations19consideredmuchmoreimportantthanpoliticalrelations.20Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.IV.Translation
1.TranslatingSentencesTranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsorphrasesgiveninbrackets.
1.他是家里的长子所以也是唯一得到过父母全身心照顾的孩子undividedattentionBeingtheeldestsoninthefamilyhewastheonlyonetohavegainedtheundividedattentionofhisparents.undividedadj.notmixedwithotherfeelingsorintentionse.g.Shedevotedherselftoherstudentswithundividedconcentrationandenergy.
2.他不具备干这项工作所需要的技能requisiteHelackedtherequisiteskillsforthejob.requisiteadj.necessaryforaparticularpurposee.g.Decisionisaqualityrequisitetoaleader.
3.在那场危机中联合国在当地政府和叛军之间进行了斡旋mediateTheUnitedNationsmediatedbetweenthelocalgovernmentandtherebelsduringthecrisis.mediatev.totrytoendadisagreementbetweentwopeopleorgroupse.g.Theymediateterritorialdisputesbetweenneighbouringnations.
4.他用杰出的成就为自己在学术界谋得了一个顶尖科学家的席位carveoutanicheHehascarvedoutanicheforhimselfasaleadingresearcherinhisfieldofstudy.carveout:todevelopacareerorpositionforyourselfbyworkingharde.g.Itcanbedifficulttocarveoutanicheinthefashionindustry.
5.当我告诉别人我有多大岁数时,每个人都故作惊讶feignEveryonefeignedsurprisewhenItoldthemhowoldIwas.feignvt.topretendtohaveaparticularfeelinge.g.OKshesaidfeigningindifference.
6.数据被输入电脑以后,电脑会自动使其生效bevalidatedbyThedataisvalidatedautomaticallybythecomputerafterithasbeenentered.validatevt.tomakeadocumentlegallyvalid
7.当成年人做一件事的时候,大多数小孩子会跟着做,因为他们并不知道这样做对不对followsuitWhenanadultdoessomethingmostsmallchildrenwillfollowsuitbecausetheyhavenosenseofrightandwrong.followsuit:tofollowinthesamepattern;tofollowsomeoneelsesexample.
8.这部小说以上世纪为背景,讲述了一个因和外国人结婚,父母与之断绝关系的姑娘的故事disownSetinthelastcenturythenoveltellsastoryaboutagirlwhowasdisownedbyherparentswhenshemarriedaforeignerdisownvt.tosaythatyounolongerwanttobeconnectedwithsomeoneorsomethingforexamplebecauseyouareashamedoftheme.g.IthinkmyparentswoulddisownmeifIevergotatattoo.
9.我必须面对面地和詹姆斯谈谈星期四的安排vis-à-visI’vegottospeaktoJamesvis-à-visthearrangementsforThursday.vis-à-visprep.comparedtoorrelatingtosomeoneorsomethinge.g.Ourstudentsmarksarequitegoodvis-à-visthenationalaverages.
10.此时还说不准她是否能彻底痊愈atthisjunctureAtthisjunctureitisimpossibletosaywhethershewillmakeafullrecovery.
2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.对于成千上万的美国大学生来说,夏季意味着实习internship的大好时机他们干着他们将来可能想干的工作据专家统计,美国大学生中至少有1/3在毕业前都曾做过实习工作这些学生有的为大公司服务,有的在小机构里干活,有的则在美国政府部门做事对许多实习生intern来说,夏日工作并不挣钱有的大学生实习是为了获得他们毕业后希望从事的工作的经验,有的则是由于还不明确自己毕业后到底想长久地从事何种工作,便在不同的公司和机构内实习,以确定自己最喜欢的工作是什么实习工作为什么如此受学生青睐呢?学生们可以借此了解各种工作,他们可以做有趣的工作,可以学习技巧,获得有价值的经验,还可以接触到重要人物因此学生们常把实习描述为千载难逢的机会参考译文SummermeansinternshipsforthousandsofAmericancollegestudents.Theyworkinthekindsofjobstheymightwanttohavesomeday.Expertssayatleastone-thirdofallAmericancollegestudentscompleteaninternshipbeforetheygraduate.Somestudentsworkforlargecompanies.Someworkforsmallorganizations.SomeworkfortheUnitedStatesgovernment.Manyinternsdonotearnmoneyattheirsummerjobs.Somecollegestudentsgetaninternshiptogainexperienceinthekindofjobtheywanttogetaftergraduation.Othersdonotyetknowwhatkindofpermanentjobtheywant.Inthiswaytheycanfindoutwhatkindofjobtheylikebest.WhyareinternshipssopopularStudentscanlearnaboutdifferentkindsofjobs.Theycandointerestingwork.Theycanlearnskillsandgainvaluableexperience.Andtheycanmeetimportantpeople.Thereforestudentsoftendescribeinternshipsasachancethathappensonceinalifetime.—MarkTwain。