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第一部分元音音素的发音方法
1、/i:/发音时1)舌尖抵下齿,舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起2)嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形3)/i:/为长元音,“”是长音符号,比相应的短元音要长两倍以上
2、/i/发音时1)舌前部向硬颚抬起比/i:/低些2)唇形扁平,牙床开得比/i:/宽3)下颚稍下垂,舌前部也稍下降
3、/e/发音时1)舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,比/I/低2)唇形中长,牙床开工得比/I/宽,上下齿间隔一个食指
4、//发音时1)舌尖抵下齿2)上下唇向两旁伸开,成扁平形,牙床张开至上下齿音可容纳食指和中指的宽度
5、//发音时1)舌后部的前部分稍抬起,舌尖和舌端两侧触下齿,双唇向两旁平伸2)唇成扁形
6、/a:/发音时1)口张大,舌身影放平后缩,舌尖离开下齿2)/a:/为长元音,不要发得太短,长度比短元音长两倍多
7、//发音时1)口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩2)双唇稍收圆
8、//发音时1)口张大,舌发部抬得比发//时高,双唇收得更圆更小并用力向前突出2)发音时要比发//时长
9、/u/发音时1)舌后部向软颚抬起,舌身向后缩,舌尖离下齿2)双唇收圆,略向前突出
10、/u:/发音时1)双唇较/u/收得更圆更小,且向前突出,舌后部比/u/抬得更高2)发音时要比/u/长度更长
11、//发音时1)舌身平放,舌中部稍抬,但比发//时略高双唇扁平2)发//时比发//时长度长
12、//发音时1)唇舌应自然,口腔肌肉放松,牙床半开2)//永不重读,在词尾发音时应稍长
13、/ei/发音时1)口形由/e/向/I/滑动2)下颚向上合拢,舌位随之抬高
14、/ai/发音时1)舌尖抵住下齿2)从/a/的部位向/I/滑动
15、//发音时1)舌位在//和//之间2)由上述部位向/I/滑动,由圆唇变成扁唇
16、//发音时1)舌尖稍触下齿由//滑向/u/,双唇收圆2)从//出发,然后双唇收圆也能发出此音
17、//发音时由//向/u/滑动时双唇渐渐收圆,舌后部稍抬起
18、/i/发音时1)由/I/很快滑向//2)发/I/时唇扁平
19、//发音时1)/e/舌位高度在/e/与//之间,发音时舌尖触下齿2)由/e/很快滑向//
20、/u/发音时1)由/u/很快滑向//2)注意不要将/u/发成/u/辅音音素的发音方法
1、/p/发音时1)双唇紧闭2)然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔,送气要强/p/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动
2、/b/发音时与发/p/时相同1)紧闭双唇2)然后突然分开,气流冲出口腔/b/时浊辅音,发音时声带振动
3、/t/发音时1)舌尖紧贴上齿龈形成阻碍2)舌尖突然下降,气流冲出口腔送气要强/t/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动
4、/d/发音时与发/t/时相同1)舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍2)舌尖突然下降,气流从口腔冲出/d/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
5、/k/发音时1)舌后部抬起,紧贴软颚,形成阻碍2)舌后部突然离开,气流冲出口腔送气要强/k/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动
6、/g/发音时与发/k/相同1)舌后部抬起紧贴软颚,形成阻碍2)舌后部突然离开,气流冲出口腔/g/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
7、//发音时1)舌尖舌端抬起贴住上齿龈后部,形成阻碍2)气流冲破阻碍,舌尖舌端离开上齿龈后部,但舌与上齿龈间须保持一个缝隙,发出摩擦的声音
8、//发音时与发//音舌位相同1)舌尖舌端抬起贴住上齿龈后部,形成阻碍2)气流冲破阻碍,舌尖舌端离开上齿龈后部,但舌与上齿龈保持一个缝隙,发出摩擦的声音//是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
9、/f/发音时1)下唇轻触上齿,气流由唇齿间的缝隙间通过,引起摩擦2)/f/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动
10、/v/发音时1)舌位与发/f/时相同2)/v/是浊辅音,发音时带声振动
11、//发音时舌尖轻抵上齿背,气流由舌齿间的缝隙中泄出,形成摩擦音
12、//发音时1)舌位与发//时相同2)//时浊辅音,发音时声带振动
13、/s/发音时1)舌端靠近齿龈,气流由舌端与齿龈间泄出,形成摩擦音2)/s/是清辅音,发音时声带不振动
14、/z/发音时1)舌位与发/s/时相同2)/z/时浊辅音,发音时声带振动
15、//发音时1)舌尖和舌端向上齿龈后部抬起,舌身紧靠上颚,形成狭长通道,气流由此通道通过,形成摩擦音2)//是清辅音,发音时声带不振动
16、//发音时1)舌位与发//时相同2)//是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
17、/h/发音时1)气流自由逸出口腔,只在通过声门时发出轻微的摩擦,称声门摩擦音2)发音时口形随后面的元音而变化3)发音时声带不振动
18、/m/发音时1)双唇闭拢,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔泄出2)在词尾时须略为延长,以防吞音3)/m/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
19、/n/发音时1)舌尖紧贴上齿龈,形成阻碍,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔泄出2)在词尾时须略为延长,以防吞音3)/n/是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
20、//发音时1)舌位与发/k/,/g/音相同,但软颚下垂,堵住口腔通道,气流从鼻腔泄出2)//是浊辅音,发音时声带振动
21、/l/(1个)舌侧音虽只有一个,但分成清晰/l/和含糊/l/两种发音清晰/l/出现在元音前面加letter,little,light等发音时舌前向硬颚抬起含糊/l/出现在辅音前节词尾如beltsmallappletable等发音时,舌前下陷,舌后上抬,舌面引成凹槽含糊/l/发音响亮和元音一样可以延长
22、r/(1个)发音时1)舌尖向上龈后部卷起,舌前部下陷,略成凹形,舌身两侧收拢,双唇略突出,气流由舌面与硬颚间泄出2)/r/是摩擦音可以延长,而发音器官位置不变
23、/j/发音时1)舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,双唇向两旁伸展成扁平形2)发音时声带振动
24、/w/发音时1)舌后部向软颚抬起,双唇收得很圆很小,并向前突出2)发音时声带振动3)音一经发出,立即向后面的元音滑动第二部分元音音素(结合3A至6B教材上出现的单词给出)
1、[]3A heseeice-creammepeachsheteazebra3B eighteenkeyskiingthreewe4A beeveningfifteengreennineteenpleasereadseventeen4B eatfreekilomeatpolicemanpolicewomansweetteacherthesetreeT-shirtTV5A eachHalloweenmagazineneedreading-roomskistreetsweepteach5B beeChineseE-mailfeelfeverJapanesekneePEsleepspeakweekweekend6A beachEasterkeepkeepermeanpeoplepoliceseatteapot
2、[i]3A thisbasketbigcoffeeelephantjacketmilkMissrunning3B basketballguitarhungrysandwichshoppingviolin4A cinemacopycopybookdrinkeleveneveningexcusehappyhisillinlovelyninetyprettypuppetrabbitsixsorry4B anythingbiscuitchopsticksdinnergivehospitalfunnyminibusmusicofficepartypicturetaxiwhichwindow5A animalanybehindbuildingchickenchildrenfamilyhillhimkitchenliveonlypumpkinringsingsitstudyswingtelephonetelescopethingthinktinwith5B AmericaAmericanbeautifulbeautifullybeginBritishbusycitycountrydifferentEnglisheverybodyhobbyinsectinterestingInternetlovelyquickquietyreallyshipstilltrickusuallyveryvisitor6A AladdinbeforebesideChristmasDecemberdeliciousdiarydidearlyexcitedexcitingfavoriteFebruarymirrorpickpointpublicquicklyrelativesuddenlyvolleyball
3、[e]3A penbeddeskegghellopenpencilredzebra3B bedroombeltbreadhelpmembervest4A breakfastelevensevenseventeenseventysweatertelltwelvetwentyumbrellayellow4B anythingfriendheadthem5A chesselselessontable-tennistelephonetelescopetenttogether5B AmericaAmericancollecteveryeverybodyexerciseforgetFrenchgetheadacheinsectinternetleftmanyneckreadyrestspecialspendtellthenveryweekendwelljet6A betterDecemberFebruaryfestivalrelativerememberSeptembertwelfthwentwhen
4、[]3A andappleblackcancatdadfathamburgermanmangotap3B bagcameracapgrandfatherhathavesandwichstapler4A atfangrandmahappyjacketpandarabbitthankthat4B blackboardmapsnack-bartaxi5A animalbackblanketfamilygrandpalamplanternmagazineMathsSaturdaystand5B antbackachebadcarrycatchdragonflyJapanJapanesestamp6A AladdinascalculatorcampcandlecarrothadJanuarysat
5、[]3A cupbrotherbusbutcolormonkeymothermumrubbersome3B comemuchhungrylovelunchoneplusrunrunningsonstudy4A worryfunnyglovelovelyhundredpuppetpuzzleumbrella4B cupboardhurryminibussomethingsometimes5A duckjumppumpkinsunSundayunderus5B brushbutterflyclubcountryMondayotherstomachachesubjecttouchuncleup6A cousinfunfrontjustmustpublicrunningraceSuddenlysunnywonderful6B countrysidenumbersummer
6、[]4A glassafternoonaharebookmarkcan’tcarcardclassclassroomfathergrandmascarf4B cartonbananafarmergrandfatherparkpartysmartbarsupermarket5A ahhafterartbathroomdancegardengrandpalargelaughmaskstarstartvase5B armauntcartooncicadaclassmatefastFrancehalfpast6A AladdinansweraskfarmglassesgrasslastMarch6B farpart
7、[]4A allballdrawforfortyfourfourteenmorningshortshortssmallwateryour4B disportbasketballblackboardcupboardforkorwatermelon5A doorfloorhorsewalkwall5B callmoreNewYorkcourseorderquartersporttalk6A alsoalwaysAugustbeforewalkmandoorbellfourthsawskateboardyours6B autumnbecausewarm
8、[]4A copycopybookdogdollhotgotboxlongnotonorangeshopsockssoftsorrystorybookwatchbottlewhat4B chocolatechopstickscoffeedoctorhospitaljobo’clockofficesongbookwartwrong5A followmodelofpotsongtin-openertomorrowwash5B cougheverybodyfromshoppinggrasshopperhobbyoftenstopstorystrong6A costumeholidayoffnobodyOctoberpopularteapotvolleyballwalletwas6B alongoperabookshopconcertcrossingfoggyjogproblemprojectwanted
9、[]3A bookbookcasegoodgoodbyelookwomanwoof3B cookcopybookfootballstorybookwould4A bookmarknotebook4B policewomansongbook5A picture-book6A should6B bookshop
10、[]4A afternoonballoonblueroomdotoschooltoorulershoetwowhoseyou4B juicemovenoodlesspoonwhofruit5A foodmoon5B cartoongroupsoontoothtoothache6A JuneJulyzoo6B coolgluetrue
11、[]3A birdergirlhamburgerhershirtskirtT-shirt3B circlethirstythirteenthirty4A purseword4B nursesirworker5A firsthouseworklearntermworkworld5B surfThursdayturn6A birthdayhersthirdwereweren’t6B further
12、[]3A aanbananabrothercancinemacolourelephantfatherhamburgerhelloLondonmotherofopenpandapencilsharpenerrubberrulersistersofasupermarketsweaterthetigerwalkmanwatermelonwomanzebra3B accordioncamerachocolatecomputercrayondaughterfamilygrandfathergrandmothermemberminuso’clockstaplerviolintrousers4A afternoonagainballoonbreakfastcomputer-roomhundredperhapsshalltiredumbrellawater4B aboutChinacupboarddinnerdoctordriverfarmerlibrarypicturepolicemanpolicewomanteachertheatretodaywaiterwaitressworker5A afterchildrendiamondforgetgrandparentslanternmagazinenewspaperparentpicturebookSaturdaytin-openertogethertoilettomorrowtowelunder5B absentAmericaAmericanbetterbutterflycarefullycollectdifferentdragonflyEnglandexercisefeverfingerfireflygrasshopperinterestingInternetJapanJapanesenumberorderotherprimaryschoolquarterquietlyscienceshoulderstomachachevisitor6A agoAladdinanswerAprilasAugustawaycalculatorcarrotChristmasdangerDecemberdeliciousEasterfavoritehairdryerMid-AutumnmirrormomentmountainNationalDaynobodyNovemberOctoberquietrelativeremembersecondSeptemberSuddenlywonderfullitteraround6B addressAfricaalongBeijingoperacentimetrekilometrelettermachinenumberplayertheatreweatherwinteryesterday
13、[]3B baseballradiostapler4A cakeagaincrayoneighteighteeneightyheydaylatesaymaypencil-casetapethey4B bookcasegrapegreatnameplaneplateplaygroundstationtabletrainwaiterwaitress5A table-tennisplaymakeskatechangenewspapergameshapepaper5B ageAustraliabackachebraveclassmateearachee-mailfaceheadachesamestaytaketoothache6A stomachachealwaysdangerawaycagedateAprilMaywaitracetastefavouritecalculatorskateboard6B rainrainy
14、[]4A bikebyefivenightgoodbyebyhilikekitelionmyniceninenineteenninetytigertimetiredtrywhywrite4B brightbuyChinaclimbdrivereyeideaice-creamknifelibrarypiepineapplericerightsometimeswhite5A slidebehinddinging-roomridefindcrysiteflydiamondtriangle5B butterflyChinesedragonflyexercisefightfireflyFridayhighhousewifelielineminusprimaryquietlyscience6A signquietfineJulyexcitedbesidemobileexcitingdiaryminehairdryer6B childcountryside
15、[]3B boytoy5A jointoilet5B coin6A noisepoint
16、[]3A coatmango3B radiorowing4A closecoldopenhomegohelloknownonotebookohOKoverphotosoyellow4B bowloldkilobothpianothosewindow5A telephonesofafollowHalloweentomorrowclothesyo-yoshowtin-openerstovetelescopehomeworkonly5B glowgoldfishgrowhopesocialtoe6A smokenoteOctoberNovemberblowmomentagomobilephoneearphonecombrollalsoboatnobody6B slowlowpostproblemsnowsnowysnowballpostcardenvelope
17、[]3A blousemiaow3B soundtrousers4A brownhownowdown4B aboutmouthourgroundwow5A houseflowermousehousework5B towelaroundhousewifeloudlytown6A oursoutcowmountain6B shoutcloudy
18、[i]3A here3B idea4A dear4B earnear5A year5B hearreally6A earphone6B theatre
19、[]3A chairhairpear3B where4A bearpairthere4B theirairport6A hairdryer
20、[]3B sure辅音音素(结合3A至4B教材上的单词给出)
1、[p]3A pencupappleopenpandaparkpeachpearpencilplanepineapplepleaseprettysupermarkettap3B capcomputercopybookhelpplaypianoshoppingstaplertape4A paircopyhappyperhapspuppetpursepuzzleshop4B airportchopsticksgrapehospitalmappartypolicemanplaygroundplatepicturespoon
2、[b]3A badbananabasketbedbigbikebirdblackblousebluebookbookcaseboxboybrotherbrownbusbutbyhamburgerrubbertablezebra3B bagbarbaseballbasketballbathroombedroombeltmember4A balloonbearbookmarkbreakfastrabbitumbrella4B aboutballbiscuitblackboardbowlbrightbuycupboardlibrary
3、[t]3A basketbutcoatelephantgreatjacketlightmeetnotprettyshirtshortsistersmartsupermarketsweatertabletalltapteatelephonetentigertootwowatermelonwhatwhite3B beltcartondaughtereighteighteenfifteenfootballfourteenguitarhatseventeenskatingsixteensoftstaplertietimetoytraintwelvevest4A afternoonatbottlecomputerfiftyfortylatekitenotebookseventysixtytired4B aboutairportbiscuitchopstickshospitalplatesometimesstationstudentsweetteacherwaiterwant
4、[d]3A bedbirddaddeskdogdoorgoodgoodbyered3B accordionbreaddining-roomfind4A colddollreadstandtiredword4B blackboarddinnerheadnoodlesplaygroundtoday
5、[k]3A basketbikeblackbookbookcasecakedeskjacketmilkmonkeyparksupermarket3B basketballclockcookkitchenlikeskiingskatingsockthink4A bookmarkdrinkkite4B chopsticksforkkilosnack
6、[g]3A bigdogeggEnglishgirlglassgogoodgoodbyegreatgreengoodbyegreatgreenguesshamburgermangotiger3B guitarjogbag4A againgiveglovegrandma4B grandfathergrandmothergrapeplayground
7、[m]3A amcinemafrommorninghamburgerhomeice-creammanmangomeetmilkMissmonkeymotherMrMrsmummynamesmallsmartsomesupermarketwatermelonwomanwalkman3B bathroombedroomcameradining-roomfamilygrandmotherminusmemberswimtime4A classroomgrandmamemayumbrella4B climbcomecomputerfarmermapminibusmouthmovemusicpolicemanpolicewomansometimesthem
8、[n]3A finegreenmantelephoneopenorangecanbrownnamenewniceninenonotnowelephantpandapenpencilplanetenthinwatermelonwomanChinese3B accordionauntcartoncrayoneighteenfourteenfifteenfindgrandmothernineteensevenseventeenrunsixteensonsoundthirteentraintwentyviolin4A afternoonagainballooncleaneveningfanfunnygrandmahundredjeanslionnotebookstand4B anythingchinadownlistenminibusnearnoodlesnosenursepolicemansnackstationspoonstudentthenwant
9、[]3A Englishmorningmangolongthank3B climbingdining-roomfishinghungryjoggingrunningskiingskatingsitting-roomshoppingwrong4A drinkeveningthink4B anythingsomethingsongbook
10、[l]3A blackblousebluecloseelephantEnglishglasscolourhellolightlonglookplanepleasetelephoneyellowwatermelonmilkpencilschoolsmalltabletallwallruler3B baseballbeltchocolatecircleclimbingelevenfamilyfootballhelplikeliveloveluncho’clockstaplertwelveviolinvolleyball4A balloonbottlecoldclassroomcleanflygloveilllateletlionlovelyshallumbrella4B ballblackboardbowlclimbelsehospitallibraryoldnoodlespolicemanplaygroundplatewelcome
11、[r]3A brotherbrownfromgreatredrubberrulerorangeprettysorryzebrafridgefriend3B roombreadcrayongrandfatherhungryradioricerightrowingrun4A breakfastrabbitumbrella4B brightfreefruitgrapehurryice-creamlibrary
12、[f]3A coffeefatfatherfinefridgefromoffsofa3B familyfifteenfindfishingfootballfourfourteenknife4A breakfastfanfiftyflyforfortyfunnyscarf4B farmerforkfreefriendoffice13[v]3B elevenhavelovesevenseventeenvestviolinvolleyball4A eveninggloveoverseventy4B move
14、[]3A thankthin3B bathroomthinkthirstythirteenthree4A thirty4B anythingmouthsomethingtheatre
15、[]3A brotherfathermotherthethisthat4A they4B theirthemthenthesethosewith
16、[s]3A basketbookcasebusdressglassguessschoolseesisterskirtsmartsosofasomesorrysupermarketsweaterthisyes3B baseballbasketballsevenseventeensixsixteenskatingskiingsocksoftsonsoundstaplerstorybookswim4A classperhapspursesayscarfstand4B biscuitchopstickshospitallistennursesirsnacksomethingsometimessongbookspoonstationstudentsweet
17、[z]3A blouseclosehispleasezebrazoo4A excusejeanspuzzle4B music
18、[]3A shirtshortshortsT-shirt3B sheshoeshoppingsure4A shallshop4B fish
19、[]usually
20、[]3A who4A whose[]3A whatwhite3B where4A why4B which
21、[]3A walkmanwallwatermelonwhatwindowwoman3B watchwewould4A waterword4B waiterwaitresswantwithworker
22、[]3A yellowyesyouyour3B yuan
23、[]3A chairChinesepeach3B chocolatelunchsandwichwatchkitchen4A teacher4B Chinachopsticksteacher[]picturequestion
24、[]3A orangefridge[]3A jacketjuice3B jog4A jeans4B job
25、[]3A catscoatshatsjacketsshirtsbeltsskirts4B kitesrabbits
26、[]3A birdsbeds4B cards
27、[]3B traintrousers4B treetry
28、[]3A dress4A drawdrink4B driver
29、[h]3A hamburgerhehelloherherehishomehow3B hathavehelphothungry4A happyheyhihundred4B hairheadhospitalhurry
30、[k]3A cakecancarcatclosecoatcoffeecup3B cameracapcartonclockcomecomputercookcrayon4A cardclasscleancolourcopybook4B climbcupboard第三部分读音规则
一、元音字母在重读开音节中的读音
1、什么叫开音节1)以元音字母结尾的音节 heshehino.2)元音字母+e(不发音)结尾的音节toepie.3)一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(r除外)+e(不发音)结尾的音节egcakekitenotecuteetc.
2、开音节的读音规则元音字母在开音节中一般读其字母名称的音如[]cakenamefacegrapeplatetablelatemakeplanebasegraderace[]heshethesebeweme[]kitefiveminelifefinelinedriveridericepienicetime[]nosenothosehomesmokegohellohopeagotoestovesosofa[]cutestudentuse
3、但也有一些特殊的单词例外1)下列单词读音例外have[]give[]live[]move[]do[]shoe[]who[]whose[]to[]2)o后面是m,n,v,th时读作[]mother[']brother[']glove[]love[]one[]some[]son[]come[]特例most[]post[]cold[]both[]3)u在辅音母l,r,j后面时读作[u:]JuneJulyrulerbluetrue[tru:]truth[]
二、元音字母在重读闭音节中的读音
1、什么叫闭音节以“一个元音字母+一个或几个辅音字母(r除外)结尾的音节叫闭音节bagdogbedsitbutect
2、闭音节的读音规则元音字母在闭音节中读所规定的短元音[]bagcatappleanyhatcapblackhappyrabbitmapatfangladstandlampplanbadcarrycarrotcandle[]deskbedpenpencilleftbeltelseeggbetterhelpgetFrenchdresschessrestredrectanglerelativesevensecondtelephone[]bigsitinfishmilkfridgethinkpickwithwinvisitwishwinterspringtinthistwinpicnicthinswimmisslitter[]hotdogboxstopnotshoplongclockbottlecoffeecopycostumedollfollowhobbyholidayhospitaljobjogpotpopularsocksongsorry[]sunbusbutnumberpluspublicpumpkinrunmummustpuppetpuzzlerubbersubjectstudysunnySundayumbrellauncleundersummer
3、一些特例1)[w]时,读作[]what[]quality[']质量wash[]watch[]2)f,n,s前一般读作[]grassclassglassafteranswerafternoonask3)词尾是nd和ld时,i读作[ai]findbehindkindchild
三、一些常见字母组合在重读音节中的读法
1、ai,ay读作[ei]waiterwaitresstrainrainagainwaitdayplaypaywaysaytodaymay
2、ar读作[]carparkpartystarfarmfarmerlargehardfar特例[w]warm[]quarter['kw]
3、ee读作[i:]tooth的复数)feet(foot的复数)
4、ea读作[i:]or[e][i:]readeatseaice-creameacheasyseat[e]breadheadbreakfastsweater
5、ou读作[]或[][]blousetrousershouseroundgroundaroundaboutsoundmouthmouseloudly[]troubletouchcountryyoung特例group[gru:p]
6、oa读作[]boatcoatroad
7、oo读作[u:]或[u][u:]schoolroomafternoonmoonbroomfoodspoonchoosecartoonballooncooltoothache[u]goodbooklookfoot
8、ow读作[]或[][]windowknowgrowsnowlowfollowtomorrowrowing[]nowhowflowerdowntoweltown
9、or读作[]或[][]order[]workworkerworldword
10、er、ir、ur读作[]termherfirstthirdgirlshirtturnpursepurplenurse
11、al读作[]或[][]wallballtalkcallsmallall[]alsoalmostfalse
12、ig、igh读作[]signhighrightlightnight
13、ind读作[nd]mindfindkindbehind
14、ear读作[i]或[][i]dearyearhearneartear眼泪fear害怕[]bearpear[]learnearly
15、ere读作[i]或[][i]here[]wherethere
四、一些辅音字母及辅音字母组合的读音
1、b读作[b],但当b在词尾,前面的字母有m时,则b不发音backclubbagblackclimbcomb
2、c在元音字母a,o,u前读[k],但在元音字母e,i(y)前读[s][k]capcoldcatclosecarcute[s]nicecityface
3、动词过去时态加词尾~ed的读音~ed前是清辅音([t]除外)读[t]workedwashedpickedmilkedcookeddancedwatched~ed前是浊辅音([d]除外)或元音,读[d]wateredplayedclosedturnedlistenedcleaned~ed前是[t]和[d]音时,读[id]startedtastedcollectedneeded
4、qu读作[kw]quietquickquicklyquarterquestion
5、wh读[w],但wh后是元音o时,常读[h][w]whywhatwherewhichwhenwhite[h]whowhose
6、th读[]和[][]thankthreethinkthingearththird[]thisthatthesethosetheythemthewithfathermotherbrother
7、ch,tch读[]muchcatchteacherchatchesswatchchairmatch特例school[sku:l]
8、ng在词尾读[],在词中间读[]nk读[][]singbringthinglongspringstrongmorninginteresting[]Englishfingerlonger[]thankthink
9、tr读作[tr]treetrytraintriangletricktrouserstraffictrue
10、dr读作[dr]dressdrivedriverdrinkdrawdragonfly
11、ck读作[k]blackneckback
12、kn读作[n]knowkneeknife
13、wr读作[r]writewrong
14、sh读作[]fishshoeswishshirtsheepshapeshipshallshortshouldshouldershow第四部分特殊读音
1、音的连读notatallhalfanhourIloveyouandallafterall
2、失去爆破goodgirlgoodstudentgoodjobexpressionschoolextreme
3、音的同化thisyearWouldyoudoit?Can’tyouseeit重音
1、单词重音1)双音节词a)一般在第一个音节重读lettersorryb)有a-be-de-re-res-in-im-en-em-con-com-dis-mis-pre-per-pro-trans-等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音a’boutbe’lievead’dressde’cidere’portcon’demnres’pectcom’parein’formdis’cussim’pressmis’takeen’forcepre’pareem’ployper’mites’capepro’duceex’claimtrans’latec)有de-in-re-con-pre-等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,有其它的词性在第二个音节上‘recordre’cord;’insultin’sult;conductcon’duct;’presentpre’sent;’contentcon’tentd)有些复事词和带有前缀re-ex-pre-post-,等的词,有两个重音‘out’side’re’tell’well-‘known’un’real’fif’teen’Chi’nese’pre-‘war’post-‘war2)多音节词a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音’difficult’communist’familye’conomyoppor’tunityde’mocracy.b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音carefullyin’definite‘comfortablecon’ductorac’cordingdis’turbance‘complicatedes’tablishmentc)词尾有-eous-grahpy-ial-ic-ics-ienceient-ify-ion-ious-ityive后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上cour’teouscal’ligraphyedi’torianhis’torianperi’odicmathe’maticsex’periencesuf’ficienti’dentifytrans’lationre’ligiouscuri’ositypro’tectived)词尾有-ain-ee-eer-ese-ette后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音enter’tainemplo’yeemountai’neerJap’neseciga’rette
2、句子重音1)英语的节奏(轻)-轻-重-轻-(轻)或重-轻-(轻)(轻)重2)英语句子的长短是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的,而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的3)实词重读(副词重读),虚词轻读(冠词,单音节介词,单音节连词,人称代词,反代词,物主代词,关系代词,相互代词,助动词,情态动词和系动词be.4)词不重读的特殊情况a)实词第二次出现Hethinksofthatasachildthinks.b)一个名词被第二个名词修饰Imetherintherailwaystation.c)代替词WhichbookdoyouwantThesmallone.d)感叹词中的what和howWhatagooddayitis!Howbeautifulsheis!e)street在专有名词中WangfujingStreet.f)this在这些短语中,thismorning/afternoon/evening5)虚词重读的特殊情况a)情态动词,助动词和系动词be在句首,句尾和否定时DoyoulikeitYesIdo.AreyouadoctorYesIam.CanyouhelpmeYesIcan.Idon’tlikeyou.Heisn’taworker.b)情态动词表示可能,惊奇和肯定时Theymaycomethisevening.CanitbefivealreadyHemustbeintheroom.c)介词在句首和句尾Intheboxhefoundaletter.HeisthepersonItalkedwith.d)引导复合句的连词在句首IfyouwishI’llvisityou.WhenhecomesI’lltellhim.e)反身代词表示强调Hecouldn’tcomehimself.句子的读法
一、句子重读句子中重读的词有名词,动词,形容词,副词,数词,疑问词和感叹词,其重读音节必须长而响亮这称为句子重音;而冠词,介词,功能词,连词,助动词,情态动词,代词等在句子中、一般不重读例1Twonewly-marriedcoupleswalkedquietlyalongtheriver.2Hespokeintothetelephonewrotedownanameandhungupthereceiver.
二、音的变化1,音的同化指一个音因为受了另外一个邻音的影响而发成了这两个音之外的第三个音例
1.Didyouseehim[‘didju‘si:him][‘di‘si:him]
2.I’mgladtomeetyou.[’’mi:tju][’’mi:tu]2不完全爆破“爆破音和爆破音或其他辅音相邻,第一个爆破音只形成阻碍,但不发生爆破,这种情况称作不完全爆破不完全爆破的主要规则1)两个爆破音相邻前面一个发不完全的爆破音,后面一个是完全的爆破音;若后面一个爆破音在词尾,则必须轻化辅音在尾要弱读September[]robbed[]takecare[‘teik‘]Tedhasabadcoldtoday.[‘ted‘].2爆破音[t][d]后面紧跟鼻辅音[m][n][t]和[d]形成阻碍,在词尾必须通过鼻腔爆破admit[]garden[]goodmorning[gud]3爆破音[t][d]后面紧跟舌侧音[I]时,[t][d]形成阻碍,在词尾必须由舌两侧爆破.badly[]little[]atlast[‘]4爆破音和摩擦音相邻,第一个爆破音形成阻碍,但不完全爆破advance[]success[]oldfriends[frendz]5爆破音和摩擦音相邻,第一个爆破音形成阻碍,但失去爆破picture[]object[]greatchange[]练习指出下列单词或词组中不完全爆破的情况,并朗读agoodviewadmiregoodbyekeptfriendshipneedlelectureagreatdealbuttonatnoon
3.连续1)在连贯的说话或者朗读时候、,短语或句子中相邻的词如果前一个词的末尾是辅音,后一个词的词首是元音时,就要连起来读Takealookatit.[]I’llbebackinhalfanhour.[alibi‘bkin‘ha:f]2末尾有字母r的次,在短语或句子中和以元音开始的词相邻时,r要读出音来,并和后面的元音连读Thereisapairofshoes.[]3上述的连读是发生在句子的同一个意群中的,在意群(即短语或从句)之间有停顿时,两个短语或两个从句间相邻的音不连续Shallwemeetatnighttonightorteno’clocktomorrow[wi:‘mi:t]Wehadabreakandeachofushadacupoftea.[wi:]4音的同化
三、语调英语的语调就是说话时调门的上升或下降语调影响到说话人所表达的意思1,降调的用法下面各种类型的句子用降调1陈述句Thankyou.Youareright.SorryIamlate.2特殊疑问句What’sthematterwithyouHowoldareyouWhydidn’tyoutellmethetruth3祈使句Comein!Pleaseclosethedoor.Hurryuporwe’llmissthetrain.4感叹句Whatahotday!Isn’titlovely!HowcanIeverthankyouenough!2,升调的用法1一般疑问句DidyouhaveagoodtimelastnightAreyouateacherIsheanewstudent2祈使句常常在语气很委婉很客气的情况中用升调Excusemeonemoment.Won’tyoutakeaseatOpenthedoorplease.3,升调在前,降调在后类型的句子1选择疑问句DoyoupreferteaorcoffeeAreyouateacherorstudentIsyournewbikegreenorred2以状语或状语从句开始的句子Atseveninthemorningwegotoschool.Ifweworkharderwecandoitbetter.3计数或有点东西Onetwothreeandfour.Achairatableabedandadesk4,降调在前,升调在后的句子1反意疑问句表示说话人有些疑惑,要肯定一下自己的看法Heworksatabanddoesn’theSheisadoctorisn’tshe2前面是陈述句,后面有一表示不肯定或疑虑的附加语It’sgoingtorainI’mafraid.3在称呼人是用升调TellmethetruthTom.GoodmorningJane.5,前面是降调后面也是降调的句子反意疑问句有一些反意疑问句的成分很少,因为答语无疑已经知道,这类反意疑问句用两个降调肯定用升调,否定用降调It’safinedayisn’titSheistalkinglikehermotherisn’tshe6,客套话,较熟悉、人,朋友间,漫不经心时用升调官方语用降调7,道歉用升调SorryI’mverysorryExcuseme.第五部分语音练习
一、找出下列单词中与划线部分读音相同的单词()
1、bookA.roomB.schoolC.lookD.afternoon()
2、foodA.spoonB.cookC.goodD.football()
3、boxA.gloveBhotC.gloveD.come()
4、motherA.orangeB.shopC.someD.doll
5、cakeA.glassB.afterC.classD.plate
6、bathroomA.danceB.planeC.tapeD.table()
7、backA.grandfatherB.familyC.stationD.make()
8、liveA.fineB.lightC.violinD.ice-cream()
9、howA.followB.windowC.nowD.bowl()
10、bearA.nearB.pearC.dearD.year()
11、bedA.heB.sheC.yellowD.these()
12、weA.letB.vestC.redD.Chinese()
13、oldA.shopB.sofaC.hotD.lovely()
14、trueA.blueB.cupC.lunchD.umbrella()
15、plusA.JuneB.JulyC.rulerD.hurry()
16、LondonA.watermelonB.sonC.colourD.come()
17、tomorrowA.townB.cowC.growD.brown()
18、fineA.EnglishB.thankC.canD.mango()
19、teaA.breadB.headC.sweaterD.eat()
20、thisA.thingB.thankC.thatD.thirsty()
21、theatreA.theirB.theyC.thirtyD.these()
22、studentA.studyBsubjectC.supermarketD.sunny()
23、pullA.putB.pumpkinC.puppetD.puzzle()
24、shipA.seeB.teaC.studyD.key()
25、putA.rulerB.wouldC.whoD.zoo()
26、herA.teacherB.doctorC.agoD.bird()
27、catA.waitB.dayC.theyD.map()
28、brownA.houseB.shoulderC.knowD.boat()
29、sureA.bearB.hairC.theirD.February()
30、behindA.beltB.bedroomC.bedD.be()
31、aboutA.afterB.happyC.againD.animal()
32、cartonA.campB.canC.cardD.camera()
33、colourA.coffeeB.copyC.comeD.cold()
34、diamondA.clothesB.clockC.closeD.crayon()
35、drinkA.dinnerB.dining-roomC.diamondD.driver()
36、farmerA.fatherB.familyC.fanD.fat()
37、fishA.findB.fineC.fiftyD.fly()
38、goA.jobB.joinC.jogD.kilo()
39、knifeA.knowB.keyC.kitchenD.kilo()
40、magazineA.makeB.manC.maskDlate()
41、o’clockA.ofB.onC.offD.office()
42、pianoA.pineappleB.planeC.plateD.play()
43、ringA.rideBtieC.riceD.live()
44、skiA.sitB.sixC.slideD.sleep()
45、sorryA.sonB.someC.songD.sofa()
46、spoonAschoolB.lookC.bookD.foot()
47、streetA.dressB.treeC.driverD.draw()
48、birdsA.coatsB.catsC.friendsD.skirts()
49、thinA.thirteenB.themC.theyD.the()
50、whoA.whoseB.whatC.whereD.which
二、找出与划线部分读音不同的单词
1、()A、pigB、sixC、kiteD、fridge
2、()A、comeB、someC、motherD、coffee
3、()A、orangeB、nameC、gameD、bookcase
4、()A、penB、tenC、heD、red
5、()A、cookB、bookC、lookD、room
6、()A、cupB、busC、duckD、use
7、()A、tigerB、likeC、whichD、bike
8、()A、bowlB、nowC、windowD、rowing
9、()A、seeB、teaC、headD、key
10、()A、fiveB、liveC、bigD、my
11、()A、hairB、dearC、bearD、there
12、()A、onB、hotC、longD、other
13、()A、shortB、workC、walkD、talk
14、()A、teacherB、herC、sisterD、mother
15、()A、greatB、breadC、sweaterD、breakfast
16、()A、aboutB、pillowC、towelD、how
17、()A、fatherB、grassC、dangerD、banana
18、()A、shouldB、touchC、wouldD、put
19、()A、houseB、brownC、loudlyD、coat
20、()A、hereB、nearC、carefulD、idea
21、()A、waitB、dayC、keyD、they
22、()A、faceB、niceC、cakeD、France
23、()A、schoolB、ChairC、FrenchD、touch
24、()A、everyB、byC、countryD、carry
25、()A、busyB、sameC、minusD、insect
26、()A、videoB、pocketC、agoD、moment
27、()A、holidayB、todayC、SaturdayD、may
28、()A、JuneB、blueC、putD、July
29、()A、diaryB、yellowC、manyD、study
30、()A、flowersB、booksC、pencilsD、signs
31、()A、dangerB、thankC、EnglishD、uncle
32、()A、threeB、mouthC、thereD、think
33、()A、ourB、fourC、doorD、floor
34、()A、noB、notC、goD、old
35、()A、tapB、tapeC、staplerD、shape
36、()A、lionB、officeC、slideD、rice
37、()A、boyB、joinC、toyD、violin
38、()A、soundB、sureC、mouseD、house
39、()A、rightB、highC、laughD、night
40、()A、coughB、photoC、laughD、light
41、()A、daceB、maskC、canD、class
42、()A、someB、sofaC、homeD、over
43、()A、likeB、chickenC、timeD、five
44、()A、eachB、breadC、readD、tea
45、()A、jumpB、duckC、musicD、rum
46、()A、washB、haveC、blackD、triangle
47、()A、potB、stoveC、notD、box
48、()A、showB、nowC、howD、towel
49、()A、presentB、veryC、womenD、many
50、()A、whatB、waterC、walletD、father
三、根据读音规则,写出下列划线部分的音标seekeyshipbedmapcupmotherfastcardog////////////////////whatshortdoorputbookzoowhorulerherbird////////////////////latetheyhimyboynoknowhousenearhere////////////////////hairbeartheresurepenbustabledogkitego////////////////////childjogtreedressshirtscardsfeelverymouththat////////////////////
四、根据读音规则,写出下列单词
1、[a:sk]
2、[b]
3、[b]
4、[bed]
5、[b]
6、[kju:t]
7、[f]
8、[b]
9、[br]
10、[fi]
11、[hu]
12、[d]
13、[get]
14、[leik]
15、[]
16、[pl]
17、[ka:d]
18、[rud]
19、[st]
20、[stri:t]
21、[twin]
22、[wi]
23、[bi]
24、[baik]
25、[kl]
26、[kl]
27、[fain]
28、[fa:st]
29、[desk]
30、[d]
31、[help]
32、[reip]
33、[main]
34、[laif]
35、[ki:p]
36、[leit]
37、[p]
38、[n]
39、[n]
40、[pl]
41、[t]
42、[tent]
43、[wen]
44、[wi]
45、[t]
46、[uz]
47、[]
48、[s]
49、[swim]
50、[spend]。