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雅思英语阅读练习题及答案第一篇时间2010-03-0416:22:22编辑能飞英语网发布能飞英语网标签雅思阅读英语阅读阅读练习阅读练习题及答案内容摘要Thefailureofahigh-profilecholesteroldrughasthrownaspotlightonthecomplicatedmachinerythatregulatescholesterollevels.★Whydidapromisingheartdrugfail Doomeddrughighlightscomplicationsofmeddlingwithcholesterol.
1.Thefailureofahigh-profilecholesteroldrughasthrownaspotlightonthecomplicatedmachinerythatregulatescholesterollevels.Butmanyresearchersremainconfidentthatdrugstoboostlevelsofgoodcholesterolarestilloneofthemostpromisingmeanstocombatspirallingheartdisease.
2.DrugcompanyPfizerannouncedon2Decemberthatitwascancellingallclinicaltrialsoftorcetrapibadrugdesignedtoraiseheart-protectivehigh-densitylipoproteinsHDLs.Inatrialof15000patientsasafetyboardfoundthatmorepeoplediedorsufferedcardiovascularproblemsaftertakingthedrugplusacholesterol-loweringstatinthanthoseinacontrolgroupwhotookthestatinalone.
3.Thenewscameasakickintheteethtomanycardiologistsbecauseearliertestsinanimalsandpeoplesuggesteditwouldlowerratesofcardiovasculardisease.TherehavebeennoredflagstomyknowledgesaysJohnChapmanaspecialistinlipoproteinsandatherosclerosisattheNationalInstituteforHealthandMedicalResearchINSERMinPariswhohasalsostudiedtorcetrapib.Thiscancellationcameasacompleteshock.
4.TorcetrapibisoneofthemostadvancedofanewbreedofdrugsdesignedtoraiselevelsofHDLswhichferrycholesteroloutofartery-cloggingplaquestotheliverforremovalfromthebody.SpecificallytorcetrapibblocksaproteincalledcholesterolestertransferproteinCETPwhichnormallytransfersthecholesterolfromhigh-densitylipoproteinstolowdensityplaque-promotingones.Statinsincontrastmainlyworkbyloweringthebadlow-densitylipoproteins.Underpressure
5.ResearchersarenowtryingtoworkoutwhyandhowthedrugbackfiredsomethingthatwillnotbecomeclearuntiltheclinicaldetailsarereleasedbyPfizer.Onehintliesinevidencefromearliertrialsthatitslightlyraisesbloodpressureinsomepatients.Itwasthoughtthatthismildproblemwouldbeoffsetbytheheartbenefitsofthedrug.Butitispossiblethatitactuallyprovedfatalinsomepatientswhoalreadysufferedhighbloodpressure.Ifbloodpressureistheexplanationitwouldactuallybegoodnewsfordrugdevelopersbecauseitsuggeststhattheproblemsarespecifictothiscompound.OtherprototypedrugsthatarebeingdevelopedtoblockCETPworkinaslightlydifferentwayandmightnotsufferthesamedownfall.
6.ButitisalsopossiblethatthewholeideaofblockingCETPisflawedsaysMotiKashyapwhodirectsatherosclerosisresearchattheVAMedicalCenterinLongBeachCalifornia.WhenHDLsexcretecholesterolinthelivertheyactuallyrelyonLDLsforpartofthisprocess.SoinhibitingCETPwhichpreventsthetransferofcholesterolfromHDLtoLDLmightactuallycauseanabnormalandirreversibleaccumulationofcholesterolinthebody.YoureblockingaphysiologicmechanismtoeliminatecholesterolandeffectivelyconstipatingthepathwaysaysKashyap. Goingup
7.Mostresearchersremainconfidentthatelevatinghighdensitylipoproteinslevelsbyonemeansoranotherisoneofthebestroutesforhelpingheartdiseasepatients.ButHDLsarecomplexandnotentirelyunderstood.OneapproveddrugcalledniacinisknowntobothraiseHDLandreducecardiovascularriskbutalsocausesanunpleasantsensationofheatandtingling.Researchersareexploringwhethertheycanbypassthissideeffectandwhetherniacincanlowerdiseaseriskmorethanstatinsalone.Scientistsarealsoworkingonseveralothermeanstobumpuphigh-densitylipoproteinsbyforexampleintroducingsyntheticHDLs.TheonlythingweknowisdeadinthewateristorcetrapibnotthewholeideaofraisingHDLsaysMichaelMillerdirectorofpreventivecardiologyattheUniversityofMarylandMedicalCenterBaltimore.613wordsnatureQuestions1-7Thispassagehas7paragraphs1-
7.Choosethecorrectheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.Writethecorrectnumberi-ixinboxes1-7onyouranswersheet.ListofHeadingsi.Howdoestorcetrapibworkii.Contradictoryresultpriortothecurrenttrialiii.Onefailuremaypossiblybringaboutfuturesuccessiv.Thefailuredoesn’tleadtototallossofconfidencev.Itistherightroutetofollowvi.Whyit’sstoppedvii.Theymaycombineandtheoreticallyproduceidealresultviii.What’swrongwiththedrugix.ItmightbewrongatthefirstplaceExampleanswerParagraph1iv1.Paragraph2vi2.Paragraph3ii3.Paragraph4vii4.Paragraph5ix5.Paragraph6viii6.Paragraph7ivQuestions7-13Matchtorcetrapib,HDLs,statinandCETPwiththeirfunctions(Questions8-13)..WritethecorrectletterABCorDinboxes8-13onyouranswersheet.NBYoumayuseanylettermorethanonce.7.Ithasbeenadministeredtoover10000subjectsinaclinicaltrial.8.Itcouldhelpridhumanbodyofcholesterol.9.Researchersareyettofindmoreaboutit.
10.Itwasusedtoreducethelevelofcholesterol.
11.AccordingtoKashyapitmightleadtounwantedresultifit’sblocked.
12.Itproducedcontradictoryresultsindifferenttrials.
13.ItcouldinhibitLDLs.ListofchoicesA.TorcetrapicB.HDLSC.StatinD.CETPbyZhouHong SuggestedAnswersandExplanations1.vi2.ii3.vii本段介绍了torcetrapib和statin的治病原理,但是同时短语“incontrast”与之前第二段后半段的内容呼应,暗示了这两种药在理论上能相辅相成,是理想的搭配第一个选项无法涵盖整段意义,故选择i是错误的4.iii本段分析了可能导致torcetrapibl临床试验失败的原因,后半段指出如果以上推测正确,那么未来的药物可借鉴这个试验,设法避免torcetrapib的缺陷,研制出有效的药物viii选项无法涵盖后半段的意思5.ix见首句6.v7.A见第二段题目中administer一词意为“用药”,subject一词为“实验对象”之意8.B见第四段“…toraiselevelsofHDLswhichferrycholesteroloutofartery-cloggingplaquestotheliverforremovalfromthebody.”即HDLs的作用最终是将choleserol清除出人体“…forremovalfromthebody”9.B见第四段“ButHDLsarecomplexandnotentirelyunderstood.”10.C见第二段“…plusacholesterol-loweringstatin”,即statin是可以降低cholesterol的11.D见第六段“SoinhibitingCETP…mightactuallycauseanabnormalandirreversibleaccumulationofcholesterolinthebody.12.A见第三段13.C见第四段“Statinsincontrastmainlyworkbyloweringthebadlow-densitylipoproteins.” 。