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2014届高三高考考前专题整理Part1动词短语基本要点动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起,构成短语动词最常见的有以下几类I、动词+介词(atforafterontowithoffrominintothroughabout等)构成的词组相当于一个及物动词其宾语只能接在介词之后Theyfinallyagreedontheplan.Thisjobcallsforskillsandpatience.Thebankwasbrokenintolastnight.We’llthinkaboutit.II、动词+副词upoffoutawayoninoverdownaboutround/around等构成的词组
1.一部分为不及物动词短语,不能直接加宾语,也无被动如breakoutcomeaboutcomeout2.一部分为及物的动词短语其宾语如果是名词,可前可后;若是代词,则只能放在当中Youcancallyourteacherup=YoucancallupyourteacherYoucancallhimup.We’llthinkitover.III.动词+副词+介词:相当于及物动词Wemustmakeupforthelosttime.我们必须弥补失去的时间DoIhavetodoawaywithmyhabit我是不是得除掉我的习惯?IV.动词+名词/反身代词+介词:相当于一及物动词Heneverhelpsmewithouttryingtotakeadvantageofme.利用InschoolIoftentakechargeofvariousactivities.(负责/管理)
一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词
1.V+about介词关于皆为及物短语动词ask/inquireabout:询问…的情况careabout:在乎;/介意;关注quarrelabout/over为…争论/争吵argueabout/over为…争论//辩论debateabout/on为/关于…辩论discussabout讨论,议论worryabout担心concernabout:关心,挂念know/learnabout:了解readabout:读知阅后得知talkabout:谈论hearabout:听说(=hearof)complainabout(抱怨/投诉)bringabout带来,造成thinkabout:考虑speakabout:谈到,谈论=speakofsetaboutdoingsth着手做某事dosthabout...想办法/采取措施解决...V+about副词:到处/四周皆为不及物短语动词walk/goabout:四处走动moveabout:四处走经常搬家wanderabout:漫步/徘徊hangabout:闲荡comeabout:发生lookabout/around:环顾;商店中四处看
2.V+across(介词或副词)comeacross...:偶遇=comeuponrunacross...:偶然发现/碰到cutacross:抄近路穿过/横越;影响put/get…acrosstosb:解释/传达,使某人明白…Ittookmeanhourtogetmyintentionacrosstoher.
3.V+after介词beafter:寻求寻找,追求go/run/chaseafter:追赶/逐lookafter:照顾takeafter:长得像;学某人的样askafter:探问/询问name...after...:以…名字命名...
4.V+alongcomealong跟着一起来Willyoucomealongwithme进展/进步Sheiscomingalongnicelyaftertheoperation.bring/takealong把…带来/去getalong/on相处;进展getalong/onwithsb/sth与某人相处;在...进展
5.V+against介词:argaueagainst:(发表意见)反对/反驳beagainst:反对fight/struggleagainst:与…做斗争goagainst:违背,反对;对...不利Thecasemightgoagainsthim.Hewentagainsttheadviceofhiscolleaguesandresigned.turnagainst:背叛;对…采取敌对态度.Eventhosewhoareonceforhimbegintoturnagainsthim.warnagainst:警告不要提醒提防Iwouldwarnagainstsuchanadventureprevent/guard/provideagainst预防Wehavetoprovideagainstaccidents.Theserulescanprevent/guardagainstaccidents.6V+apart副词或形容词:分别/分开的takeapart拆开;剖析tearapart:扯/拆开使心碎tell…apart:分别/区别setapart:区别,突出fall/comeapart:瓦解/崩溃
7.V+round副词getround传开来;四处走动ItwasnotlongbeforethenewsgotroundthatTraceywasdatingJames.getsbround:说服某人Heisdeterminedandwon’tgivein—seeifyoucangethimroundgetroundtodoingsth:终于去做/找到时间做Ihaven’tevengotroundtounpackingfrommyholidayyet.comeround:恢复/苏醒Poursomewateronhisfacehellsooncomeround.Dontscoldtheboy;hellcomeroundintime.改变意见Shewillnevercomeroundtoourwayofthinking.非正式的来访,到来;绕道Comeroundwhenyouhavetime.Christmaswillsooncomeround.bring..round/aroundto...:使某人恢复知觉Wemanagedtobringherroundwithsomesmellingsalt.说服某人改变想法Bringhimroundtoourpointofview把话题转到...Hebroughtthediscussionroundtofootball.
8.V+aside在一边另外put/leave/set…aside:留出/拨出以备专用;撇开/搁置一边不考虑layaside:暂放一边throwaside:抛弃asidefrom=besides除...外还有
9.V+as介词充当/作为serveas:充当,用作actas:扮演,充当workas:充当担任…工作functionas:充当(…功能)
10.V+at介词shout/yellat:对…叫喊knockat:敲laughat:嘲笑flyat:扑向pointat:指向/着,对准comeat:袭击达到goat:扑向尽力干catchat:想抓住渴望shoot/fireat:向…开火aimat旨在;瞄准;企图targetat把…瞄准…attemptat尝试/企图;努力lookat:看stareat:盯着看;凝视glareat:怒视glanceat瞥见,看一下浏览callatsp:访问某地dropinatsp顺便走访某地arriveat到达;达成arriveatconclusion/agreementworkat:从事钻研wonderat:对…惊奇estimateat:估计
11.V+away副词putaway:放好/收好;储存备用;舍弃giveaway:赠送,分送;泄露turnaway:解雇;把…打发走sendaway:驱逐解雇clearaway:清除,移走wearaway:磨掉时间消逝throwaway:扔掉抛弃takeaway:拿走smoothaway:克服,消除passaway:去世/逝世goaway:走开离开dieaway风/声音渐息/渐弱;树木凋零/枯萎
12.V+back副词keepback:阻挡;隐瞒;扣留holdback:忍住,抑制住bringback:拿回;使…回想起,使恢复takeback:带回;撤销/收回(说的话)giveback:归还;反射光等getback找回/取回;回来callback:回电召回处理answerback:回嘴payback:偿还,向…报复,回报
13.V+by介词或副词:goby路过某地;时间过去passby经过某地;时间逝去standby旁观=lookon;准备行动;支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守
14.V+down介词或副词turndown:调低音量等;拒绝某人letsbdown使某人失望putdown放下,记下,镇压note/put/takedown:记下takedown取下;记下;拆卸tear/pulldown拆毁breakdown:出毛病;破裂;崩溃;分解burndown烧毁cutdown:削减,减少;杀死,砍倒keepdown压制;控制,缩减开支holddown压制;抑制热情等缩减slowdown使慢下来减缓knockdown击/撞倒;拆除;使降价bringdown使降落/下降降价godown:下降,减少;沉没godownwith生…病laydown:放下,铺设handdown:传递,遗传下来passdown:传下来falldown落下;跌到;倒塌;失败;证明是不行的diedown:渐熄calmdown平静/镇定下来settledown定居;平静下来settledownto安定下来专心于getdown:从…下来;下车;写下;使沮丧getdownto开始认真做,着手做
15.V+for介词makefor:向…前进;有利于/促进headfor驶向走向setsailfor/setofffor向某地驶去/出发leavefor动身去某地lookfor:寻找huntfor搜索,寻找callfor:需要/要求;提倡;邀约/约请callforsbwaitfor:等待carefor喜欢关心applyfor请求/申请answerfor对…负责betoblamefor...应对...负责payfor偿还赔偿standfor代表,意味着,主张,支持sendfor派人去请某人gofor:袭击;适用于;想要获得;喜爱askfor:要求/要;找某人askforsbrunfor竞选praise/punish/scoldsbfor...因..赞扬/惩罚/责骂sbaccountfor是…的原因;解释;占据allowfor:考虑到;顾及arrangefor:安排struggle/fightfor:为…而斗争fallfor:迷恋/对…倾心;上某人的当hope/wish/longforsth:希望/渴望bedying/eager/thirtyfor...渴望
16.V+forward副词bringforward:提出;将…提前putforward提出;促进;将钟拔前pushforward:推进/继续进行Lookforward:展望未来lookforwardtodoingsth盼望,期待carryforward:推进;发扬
17.V+from介词:learnfrom:向…学习sufferfrom:遭受/忍受recoverfrom:康复/恢复hearfrom~sb:收到某人信;有某人的消息diefrom死于…resultfrom由…引起risefrom由…引起/带来differfrom=varyfrom与…不同benefitfrom得益于datefrom:始于=datebacktooriginatefrom:起源于tell/distinguish...from...把...和...区别开来
18.V+in介词或副词succeedindoingsth在…成功failin在…失败;在…不足/疏忽believein信任,信仰;相信…存在liein在于resultin造成/引起letin让…进入;放…出来takein接受/吸/纳;理解,领会;欺骗某人bringin引进;挣得钱报酬等;生产/收获getin进入;收获/收割;插入话breakin闯入;打断/插话(不及物)burstin闯入;打断不及物cutin插嘴插入超车turnin交还/上交;检举/告发~oneself自首;睡觉,向内拐drawin:收网checkin登记报到givein屈服/让步giveintosb/sthpullin车子进站;靠边停下=pulloverhandin上交dropin顺便走访dropinonsb/atspbringin挣得/赚;引进;生产sendin呈报,递送,提callin召集/请来回收endin...:以…告终sharein:分担competein:参加…竞争joinin:参加participatein:参加takepartin参加fillin:填写involve...in:...使...卷入...
19.V+into介词getinto进入卷入lookinto窥视/观察;调查inquireinto:调杳cutinto侵犯打断breakinto闯入;打断burstinto闯入突然…起来~tears/laughtersdiveinto潜入;钻研knock/runinto偶然碰到某人bump/knock/runinto撞上fallinto:分成类/组;开始developinto:发展成turn/changeinto变成
20.V+of介词thinkof考虑想到/起认为(thinkof...as...)hearof听说=hearabout)dieof死于…dreamof/about梦见;梦想做talkof/speakof谈到/提到tellof叙述、讲述consistof(由…组成=bemadeupof)approveof:赞成/批准becomeof:..怎么样WhatwillbecomeofTom
21.V+off副词或介词setoff出发=setout引爆;引起startoff出发=startoutringoff挂断电话takeoff脱衣;打折take20%off,请假take2daysoff;起飞,突然成功/盛行起来hangoff畏缩不前迟疑showoff炫耀/卖弄;使显眼comeoff举行/进行;成功;结果~wellgooff离开;爆炸声音响起payoff还清债务;得到回报,获得成功cooloff变凉/冷却;冷静dropoff让某人下车breakoff折断,中断cutoff切断断绝截断,中断turnoff关掉避开;使厌烦~sbgiveoff发出光、声音等,散发出气味calloff取消;制止住~thedogputoff推迟;使打消/不想;使厌seesboff为某人送行getoff下车keepoff避开/不接近=stay/keepawayfromsendoff派遣解雇送行comeoff从…掉下来pulloff脱/扯下;努力实现/赢得falloffvt从…掉下来;vi下降/降低
22.V+on介词或副词:geton上车takeon呈现;雇用;承担;受欢迎/流行callon拜访某人;号召/呼吁dependon依赖/靠;取决于;信任relyon依赖依靠operateon给某人动手术workon从事/写书;影响liveon以...为主食;靠...生活insiston坚持~doingsthagreeon就…达成一致acton对...起作用按...行动作用于comment/remarkon/about评论focuson集中于,以…为中心concentrateon专注于fixon:确定/选定日期/地点等holdon别挂电话/稍等;坚持hangon不挂断walk/moveon继续前行goon发生/进行继续catchon变得流行理解lookon旁观;看待~sbas…puton穿上装出/假装;上演增加tryon试穿pullon匆忙地穿/戴have…on穿着turnon打开,展现出catchon钩/卡/绊在…上bringon=bringupon引起/惹来;使加速生长counton依靠;期待,指望carryon继续开展,进行下去
23.V+out副词giveoutvi用尽/精疲力竭;vt.分发发表/布发出气味/热runoutvi.用光/耗尽runoutof...vt.把...用光burstout迸发;突然..起来~laughing/cryingbreakoutvi.爆发setout出发;着手(~todosthstartout出发standout突出;显眼stickout突出/显眼;伸出comeout出来;长出;公开;出版;结果goout出去熄灭过时turnout结果是;生产workoutvi.锻炼结果;vt..算出解决制订出了解某人dieout灭绝习俗逐渐消失look/watchoutfor...当心pullout撤离离站=pullawaycheckout付帐后离开dropout中途退出;辍学helpsbout帮助摆脱困难makeout理解;辨认出;编造figureout计算出;领会到actout表演出来;把…付锗行动speakout大胆/大声地说readout大声地读出来sendout放出,发送派遣putout关熄/扑灭;生产困扰某人handout:分发cutout切掉/裁剪出;中止leaveout省去遗漏不考虑bringout使显露;生产wearout:穿坏/用坏;使疲劳=tiresboutfindout弄明白/查明;揭发tearout撕下扯下letout发出叫喊;泄漏;放宽/大;出租carryout实施,执行tryout试验pointout指出pickout挑选出keepout把…挡在外面thinkout:想出clearout:清除,扫出kickout:解雇
24.V+over副词thinkover仔细考虑handover移交;让与takeover接任;接管;接收getover做完;痊愈/康复;克服lookover翻阅/浏览;检查goover仔细检查;复习turnover打翻;翻页/阅;移交;反复考虑runover:浏览车压过winover:战胜;争取/说服watchover:查看,监视pullovervi靠岸开到路边comeovervi上前来,顺便来访
25.V+through介词或副词lookthrough审核;浏览;看穿breakthrough突破;克服gothrough经历;仔细查看;被批准/通过cutthrough抄近路凿穿seethrough看穿识破livethrough:度过;经历…而不死getthrough接通电话;通过;完成;使被理解/了解getsththrough/acrosstosbputthrough给某人接通电话;完成bringsbthrough使脱险,使渡过难关务员pullthrough恢复健康;使某人度过难关fallthrough:失败/未能实现carrythrough:完成/坚持到底
26.V+to介词lookupto尊敬(敬仰)settledownto=lookforwardto期望(盼望runto达到(发展到等);向某人求助帮助listento听admitto承认belongto属于holdto抓住,坚持bowto屈从于鞠躬replyto回答respondto对…应答/回应reactto:对…产生反应/作出回应apologizeto向某人道歉agreeto同意某事addto增加增添stickto坚持sticktosthturnto转向/致力于;求助于;查阅/参考cometo涉及/谈及;达到;突然想起Sthcometosb合计,苏醒(~oneselfsthsthoccurtosb/Itoccurredtosbthat突然想起leadto通向;导致contributeto对…作贡献;促成/造成referto提到;涉及;参考/查阅=turntoobject//beopposedto反对attendto专心于;照顾taketo喜欢;沉溺于beequalto等于,胜任applyto适用于appealto吸引~sb;;呼吁/上诉;getto到达抓住问题的要害getdownto着手做amountto总计/共达=addupto=cometo;等于/相当于pointto指着seeto负责/注意;关照seetoitthat…drinkto:祝酒/为…干杯adust/adaptto:适应keepto:不离开/固守;遵守(~theright)attach…to…把…附/粘在…上attachimportanceto:重视attachoneselfto依恋/接近beattachedto:附属于,爱惜/爱慕attendto专心;照顾,护理subject...to...使…服从,使…遭到/经受...besubjectedto...受到,遭遇到,经受payattentionto注意,认真听讲devote...to...奉献/致力于(bedevotedto...)commitoneselfto献身于,致力于datebackto起始于,可追溯到fallto责任,职责落在……身上,应由……做;开始做giveoneselfupto献身于,致力于prefer...to…(两者中)宁愿选择其中之一,更喜欢limitsth.tosb.sth.使限于……内key…to…使某事物适合…,使某事物与…一致thekeytodoingsth是….的钥匙关键liveupto达到,符合,不辜负(他人的期望be(accustomed)usedto习惯于helponeselfto自用,擅自取用makeupto奉承,讨好bereducedto被迫做…陷入境地,陷入窘境
27.V+up副词makeup组成/构成;虚构;补足/弥补makeupfor…);整理/包装;和解makeupwithsb;化妆setup建起/竖立建立事业/成立组织;setoneselfupas自称为thinkup想出;捏造putup举起;张贴,建造;提供资金,为…提供食宿putsbup)warmup:使变暖;热身运动doup束起/系/扣/拉上;重新整修/收拾齐整;打扮dooneselfup;包起来/包扎pickup捡起;收听;无意学到/买到/染上;接人/取货;增加/改善(pickupspeed/health;pickoneselfup再爬起来/振作精神takeup占据拿起/开始从事继续(takeupthestory/songclearup整理;消除showup揭露;露面turnup出现/露面;开大声hangup挂断电话stepup加快;促进/增加/提高speedup:加速breakup分手;破碎;分裂splitup分手/离comeup走近;上升/发芽;被提出goup上升/增长;被建起来clearup放晴standup站立;耐用/经得起;(论点、论据等)站得住脚getup起床ring/callsbup给某人打电话lookup查寻/找;抬头看/尊敬;好转keepup保持/维持体温/勇气等sendup发射;长出giveup放弃/停止cutup切碎使受苦cutsbup)bringup培养;提出;呕吐breakup打碎,结束,驱散wakeup叫醒drawup:草拟/拟定;汲取useup用光(vt)eatup吃光joinup连接起来lightup照亮,点亮holdup举起,阻碍/延迟fixup:整理,安排/提供tearup撕毁取消合同openup:打开;开拓/开发roundup赶拢,围拢mixup:弄混/拌和;混淆stayup:熬夜situp:熬夜/不睡觉digup:挖起/掘起closeup:关闭,使靠近buildup:增进/强;addup:加起来addupto...总计cheerup:使振奋
28.V+with介词agreewith同意某人;与…一致;适应disagreewith:不同意某人;和…不一致meetwith偶遇遭受begin/startwith以…开始end/finish/closewith以…结束tobeginwith首先(插入语)gowith伴随;与...相配stickwith/at坚持做/使用忠于varywith:随着…而变化dowithout没有…也行,用不着,将就gowithout没有…也行;不吃/喝/用quarrel/debate/arguewithsb与某人吵/辩论/争论dowith处理常与what连用dealwith应付/处理;与...交往/做生意;论及/涉及
29.goahead前进,请吧,继续goaheadwithsth)lookahead向前看,考虑将来burstforth突发/爆发喷出leavebehind留下;遗忘/忘带fallbehindvi/vt落后leavealone让…独自呆着;听其自然,不要去管不干预
二、“动词+副词+介词”短语getcloseto靠近catch/keepupwith赶上dowellin:在…干得出色workhardat:在…努力lookforwardto:盼望doawaywith/getridof除掉getalong/onwith与某人相处在…进展putupwith忍受getdowntosth/doingsth着手dropinonsb/atsp顺便拜访某人/某地breakawayfrom摆脱;除掉giveinto向…屈服/让步goalongwith与…一起去;赞同/附和look/watchoutfor当心get/gothroughwith完成goinfor:对…感兴趣;参加/从事lookdonwupon/on轻视lookbackupon/on回顾lookupto尊敬仰望makeupfor弥补keepawayfrom远离避免goaheadwith继续go/carryonwith继续fitinwith与…相处融洽runoutof把…用光stickupfor为...辩护支持/维护keepinwith:受…欢迎/与…相处好thinkhighlyof(高度评价)comeupwith想出faceupto勇敢地面对comedownon归结为涉及到cutdownon削减actupto按...办事实践liveupto做到/不辜负与名副其实addupto总计/合计breakinon/upon闯入comeinfor出发接受继承comeupto达到/符合标准;比得上/等于standupfor支持datebackto追溯到fallinwith同意/与…达成默契;同…作伴putinfor申请signupfor:报名参加fillupwith:用…装满turnoutfor:出席getawayfrom:逃离…endupin...:以…告终comeinfor:得到,受到getthroughto:理解;打通…电话getdownto:着手;认真从事comeupto:达到;符合pulloutof:从…中退出hold/hangonto:坚持/抓住…不放keepoutof:置身于…之外;不接近getaheadof:胜过,超过cutdownon:减少tearoneselfawayfrom…:忍痛离开/与…分开;挣开
四、“动词+名词/反身代词+介词…”makeaplanfor:为制定计划take/developaninterestin:对…有/产生兴趣takeaphotoof给…拍照keeprecordsof:记录/载havedifficulty/problemswith:在…有困难/问题giveadviceonsth:就…提出意见makefriendswith与…交朋友shakehandswithsb与…握手showrespectfor尊敬saygoodbyeto向某人告别say“yes/no”to同意/拒绝saythanksto向某人致谢sayhello/hito向某人问好setanexampleto给某人树立榜样makefunof捉弄/取笑formthehabitof养成…习惯have/takealookat看一看…haveawordwith与某人交谈havewordswith与某人吵架havemercyon同情showmercyto同情/怜悯,宽恕have/takepityon同情helponeselfto随便吃/取用adaptoneselfto适应adjustoneselfto适应devoteoneself/time/lifeto致力于/奉献于attachoneselfto参与addressoneselfto向...讲话力于/着手makeuseof利用makethemost/bestof:最好地利用takeadvantageof:利用人或弱点takenonoticeof不注意payattentionto注意takeamessagefor为…带口信takecareof当心keepaneyeon密切关注keepawatchon:监视haveaneffecton:对…有影响takepartin参加playapart/rolein在…起作用/扮演角色taketheplaceof代替catchsightof看到get/catchholdof抓住givebirthto产生/养育giveriseto引起使发生takeaccountof考虑takepridein(=beproudof)applyone’smindto专心于putone’sheartandsoulinto全神贯注于doharmto给…带来伤害dogoodto:给…带来好处dowrongto迫害某人/在某人身上使坏cause/dodamageto:对…造成损害fixone’seyes/attentionon盯着keepontermswith同某人交往makesenseof搞清...的意思makchoiceof选定haveagoat...尝试makeadealwith与某人交易makeadivefor向...冲去makepreparationsfor=preparefor)makeone’swayto向…前进makeromfor为…腾出空间makeastudyof学习/研究haveanideaof对…有所了解haveaknowledgeof对…有所了解havethehonorof:很荣幸makeanapologytosb向某人道歉takeaimat瞄准setfireto放火烧=set…onfire)takedelightin以…为乐事givewayto给..让路/让步showconcernfor对…表示关注takechargeof负责/管理put/bringanendto结束havefaith/trustin信任takepossessionof占有/拥有takesidesin偏袒/拥护,支持placeplaceanorderfor订购keeppacewith:跟上/和步调一致haveatastefor:爱好/对…感兴趣keeptrackof:记录,留心,跟踪makeprogressin:在…进步takepossessionof:占有/拥有;占领playatrick/trickson:捉弄playjokeon:开...的玩笑haveagiftfor/of:有…的才干haveatalentfor:有…天赋haveanearfor善于/有…鉴赏力turnadeafearto:充耳不闻have/getaccessto:有进入/使用的权利/机会keepyourmindon:专心于/专注于=putyourmindto在这类短语动词中,名词前还可以加形容词作名词的定语takeanactivepartin;playanimportantpart/rolein;makefulluseof;haveabadeffecton
五、V+…+介词+名词frighten/scaresbtodeath把某人吓死beat…todeath:把…打死take…intoconsideration把…考虑在内put..intouse把…投入使用put…intopractice把…付诸实施turn…intoreality把…变为现实sentence/condemn…todeath处死某人take…forgranted认为…理所当然put…inprison:把某人关进监狱take…inone’sarms把…抱在手上learn…byheart牢记makeoneselfathome:随便;不拘束keep/bear…inmind:记住牢记...在心have...inmind记住,考虑到,想到bring/call…tomind:使回想起have…onyourmind:有…心事/担心put…tothetest测试bring…backtolife:使..苏醒/生动take…bysurprise使…大吃一惊;突然袭击make…toone’sownmeasure按某的的尺寸定做keep…tooneself:不把…告诉别人tear…topieces:把…撕碎cometoone’shelp/rescue来帮/救某人下列词组本身带有宾语,一般不再接宾语comeintouse开始得到使用comeintobeing/existence开始形成/存在cometolife苏醒过来变得活跃cometolight暴露/被发现falltopieces:变成废墟崩溃risetofame/power:走红/掌权risetoone’sfeet:站起来struggletoone’sfeet:挣扎着站起来dropsbaline:给某人写短信
五、“动词….介词…”name…after…根据…命名…congratulatesbonsth:因…而祝贺某人fill…with…:给…装满…load…with…:给…装载…robsb/spofsth:抢某人/地的某物stealsthfromsb/sp:偷某人某物requiresthofsb向某人要求…request/demandsthof/fromsb向某人要求…expectsthofsb:对某人有…期望change…for…用…交换…change…into…把…变成…protectsbfrom/against保护某人免受stop/keep/prevent…from阻止某人做forbidsbfromdoingsth:禁止某人做…warn…of/against…:警告…注意keepsthfromsb:不让某人知道某事keep…outof…:不让…进入;不让某人卷入keep…to…使某人遵守…spend/waste…indoing花费/浪费…做某事spend…onsth把…花在…上save/rescuesbfrom…把…从…救出free…from:把…从…解放出来mistake…for…错把…当成…take…for…误认为…是…compare…to…把…比作…compare…with/to…把…与…相比lend…to…:把…借给…borrow…from…从…借来…base…on…把…基于…referto…as…把…称作为…thinkof…as…:把…看作…lookon…as…:把…看作…treat/regard/consider…as…:把…看作…recognize…as…:公认/认可…为/是…admit…to/into…让…进入…curesbofadisease治愈某人的病fool/tricksbintodoingsth:骗某人做某事frighten…into/outof:吓得…做/不做judge…by/from:根据…判断…tear…off/from/outof…:把…从…撕掉help/assistsbwithsthassistsbindoingsthaidsbin/withsthpersuade/convincesbofsth:说服某人相信某事chargesbsomemoneyforsth:因…而收某人费offersbsomemoneyforsth因某物向某人开…价buy/sellsthforsomemoney:以…价格买/卖…tell…from…/distinguish…from…区别…与…talk/persuadesbintodoingsth说服某人做某事praise/punish/criticize/honor/forgive/excuse….for…bepraised/punished/honoredfor…attach…to把…附/粘在…上attachimportanceto:重视attachoneselfto:依恋beattachedto:附属于;爱惜/爱慕
六、“动词+名词”takeone’splace就位;代替某人=taketheplaceofsbtakeplace发生takeactions/anaction采取行动takesteps/measures采取措施takemedicine服药takeone’stemperature量体温keepone’scompany陪伴某人=keepthecompanyofsbtakeone’stime别慌忙takeanexam:参加考试takeone’sseat:就座keepone’shead保持冷静keep/loseone’stemper控制/发脾气keepone’sword/promise:守诺言breakone’sword/promise食言keepasecret:保密makefaces:做鬼脸makesense有意义,意思明白takeeffect生效makeadifferenceto…:有影响/作用havearest:休息catchfire:着火doagooddeed:做好事dosomecooking/cleaning/washingmaketea/coffee/:泡荼/咖啡makeafire:生火make/give/deliveraspeech:发表演讲giveatalk/lecture:作报告/讲座takeachance/risk:冒一冒险/碰碰运气seekone’sfortune:碰运气/寻出路makeafortune:发财haveago/try:试一下wantago:要试一下useone’shead:动脑子
七、“系动词+形容词”cometrue:变成现实,实现comeloose松动comeshort缺乏/不足comealive活跃起来;活灵活现getlost:迷路getmarried成婚getdressed:穿好衣服getready:准备好getworried:担忧gomad/wrong/bad:发疯/出故障/变质gomissing/hungry不见了/挨饿gored/white/pale:变红/白/苍白keepalive使存活keepsilent/quiet:保持安静keepfit/healthy保持健康fallflat完全失败/全无效果fallsilent:沉默下来fallasleep:睡着fallill/sick:病倒falldue到期满期
八、其它多词词组havesthincommonwith…与…有一些共同之处havesthtodowith与…有关enterone’snamefor=signupfor:报名参加makeendsmeet:收支相抵gettoknow:结识cometoknow/see/realize:逐渐/最终意识/领会到givesb.ahand:.给予帮助givesb.alift/ride:让某人搭车beallears/eyes:全神贯注地倾听/看getintouch/contactwith:与…取得/失去联系keepintouch/contactwith:与…保持联系rush/runsboffone’sfeet使某人非常忙→berushedtoone’sfeet:非常忙doall/whatonecantodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人全能做某事can’thelpbutdosth:只得…Part2介词与形容词及名词短语
一、“系动词+过去分词/形容词+介词”bepleased/content/satisfied/dissatisfiedwith...对…不满意bedisappointedat/in/with:对…失望bepleased/surprised/amused/disappointed/delighted/terrified/shocked/amazedatsth因/对…高兴/惊奇/逗乐…beexperiencedat/in:在…有经验be/grow/becomeinterestedin:对…感/产生兴趣beknown/recognized/referredtoas:被称为/公认为beregarded/treated/lookedon/thoughtof/consideredas被看作beknownfor:因…而闻名beknowntosb为某人所知befamousas:作为…而闻名befamousfor:因…而闻名bemadeof:由…制成未经过大变化看得出原料bemadefrom由…制成(经过变化看不出原料)bemadein在某处制造bemadeinto被制成bemadeupof由…组成betiredof=besickof=befedupwith=beboredwith厌烦/倦betiredwith/from:因…而疲倦beabsorbedin全神贯注于/专心于belostin全神贯注于/沉湎于bebenton=beburiedin专注于/专心于beburdenedwith负担beloadedwith装载有befilledwith充满beequippedwith安装有befurnishedwith安装有陈设有becoveredwith盖满becrowdedwith挤满bedottedwith占缀着/布满belinedwith排满beconnectedwith与…有联系beassociatedwith与…相关berelatedto与…有关bedressedin穿be/getcaughtin受困于,遭遇be/getstuckin被困于betrappedin被困于beengagedto与某人定婚beengagedin从事于忙于be/getmarriedto与某人结婚bepreparedfor=bereadyforbedevotedto致力于/奉献于;深爱着befacedwith面临belackingin缺乏be/fallshortof:短缺/缺乏benamedafter根据…命名bebasedon以…为基础beaimedat针对,以…为目标beintended/meantfor是以…为意图的,针对…的beattachedto附属于;爱惜/依恋,执着于beadmittedinto/tosp被…录取/允许进入beaccustomedto习惯于beusedto习惯于bedeterminedtodo坚决地要做某事beashamedof;对…羞愧beproudof:为…自豪=takeprideinbeangrywithsb/beangryatsthbestrictwithsb/bestrictinsthbepatientwithsbbegood/kind/friendly/crueltosbbegoodfor:对…有好处befit/suitablefor:适合besuitedto:适合befreefrom:免于/没有befarfrom远离;远远不beactivein在…方面活跃/积极参加begoodat擅长beweakin差/不擅长于berichin富含/盛产behigh/lowin含…高/低beworthyofsth/beingdone值/值得beworthsth/doingbedying/thirsty/eager/anxiousforsth渴望beworried/anxious/concernedabout对…担心becuriousabout对…好奇beparticularabout/over讲究/挑剔becarefulof:对…小心becapableof能够becertain/sureof/about:对…有把握/确信beawareof知道beafraidof害怕/担心beafraidtodo:不敢befondof:喜爱befullof:充满=befilledwithbebusywith忙于bebusydoingsthbepopularwith/among:受…喜爱besuccessfulin:在…成功be/getcloseto靠近besimilarto:与…相似bedifferentfrom:与…不同besimilar/differentin:在某一方面相似/不同beoppositeto:与…相反besecondto仅次于besorryfor:对…难过/对不起beabsentfrom缺席bepresentat:出席belatefor…迟到beprovided/suppliedwith:提供有
二、介词与名词All词组aboveall:首先/首要firstofall:首先afterall:毕竟/终究inall:总共,总之atall:根本;到底Wall词组ina/someway:在某一方面/某种程度上inmanyways:在很多方面inthisway:用这种方法,这样Inthe/one’sway:挡路,防碍onthewayto…:在去…的路上;即将…bywayof..:途径/经由Innoway:绝不alltheway:一直thewaytodosth/ofdoingsth:做某事的方法At词组atatime:每次,一次atonetime:曾经/一度atahighprice:以高价Atbirth:出生时atbreakfast:早餐时atfirstsight:乍一看/初见之下Athand:在手边/附近(备用)atnight/noonatfirst/atlastatonce:立刻/马上atpresent:现在,目前atthecostof:以…为代价attheend/beginningof…atthefoot/bottom/headofatthemercyof:在…支配下/由…摆布atthemoment:此刻attimes:有时/时常atwork:在上班/工作atthelatest:至迟Atthesight/thought/soundof…一看到/想到/听到…by词组byair/land/sea/bus/planebyaccident/chance:偶然bymistake:由疏忽所致bythehour/gram/ton:按小时/克/吨byweight/size:按重量/面积bythelightof:借助…的光bytheway:顺便问一下byhand:手工in词组inafewweeks’time:几周后inaflash:一刹那间inaminute:一会儿,立刻innotime:立刻,马上inaword:总而言之inall/total:总共,总之inotherwords:换句话说inbattle:战斗中inbed:在睡觉incaseof:万一inchargeof:主管/负责inthechargeof:由…负责inpossessionof:拥有/占有inthepossessionof:由某人拥有indanger:处于危险中indebt:负债indetail:详细地inaway/inmanyways:在一/很多方面beintheway/getinone’sway:挡路;妨碍inEnglish/Chineseinfrontof...在...前面inthefrontof...在...前部inexchangefor:交换/流inreturnfor...回报...infuture:以后inthefuture:未来ingeneral:一般地/大体上inhonorof:为向…表示敬意/纪念inmemoryof:为纪念insearchof:为寻找inone’ssearchfor..:寻找/求inthehopeof:怀着…的希望inpraiseof:赞扬inharmonywith:与…协调inlinewith:与…一致/符合inneed/wantof需要inone’sopinion:在某人看来inorder:整齐/有条理inordertodo:为了inpairs:成对地ingreatnumbers:在批量地inruins:成为废墟inreality/fact:事实上inspace:在太空inpreparationfor:为…准备inplace:在适当的信置inpublic=publicly当众/公开地inpeace:=peacefully平地/安宁地insilence=silently沉默地insurprise=surprisedly惊奇地insecret=secretly:秘密地inparticular=particularly尤其inahurry=hurriedlyinanger=angrily生气地indoubt=doubtfully怀疑地inastrange/proper/honestway(或manner)=strangely/properly/honestlyingeneral=generallyspeakinginstore:贮藏着/准确性备着inuse:在使用中inthatcase:那样的话inthefirstplace:首先/第一intheformof:以…的形式inthemiddle/centerofintheopenair:露天inthepast:过去intermsof:就…而言intheeyesof:在…看来inthenameof:在…名义下inthisway:这样有这种方法inthewild:在野外intimefor:及时赶上intime:及时,终究/早晚inturn:依次/轮流;反过来introuble/difficulty:处于困境/麻烦中inadifficultsituation:处于困境中invain:徒劳/白辛苦inadvance=aheadoftime:提前inshort:简而言之innoway/innoaccount绝不inplaceof:代替infaceof...面临infavorof:赞同支持/有利于inadditionto:除...之外inaddition:并且Inthedirectionof…:朝…方向ingood/poorhealth:健康状况好/差Inspiteof=despite:尽管inrelationto:关于inconnectiowith:与…有关/联系in/withregardto:关于Inagreementwith:符合...和...一致Inaccordancewith:与...一致依照incommonwith:和…一样Inalowvoice:低声inashortwhile:不一会onceinawhile偶尔inconclusion最后,总之inall总共,总之inaword简言之总之On词组onpurpose=purposely=deliberately:故意onoccasion=occasionally有时/偶尔onallsides:各方面/到处onanopenfire:在篝火上onaverage:平均onboard:在船/飞机/火车上onend:竖着;不停地onfoot:步行onholiday:在度假onone’sown:独立地onthewayto…:在去…路上;即将ontheair:在播放onshow/display/exhibition:在展出onthecontrary正相反onthefarm:在农场ontheotherhand:另一方面ontheright/leftonthepointof…:正要…的时候ontheradio通过广播/收音机里ontime:准时ontopof:在…上面onthemove/go:.在活动中ontherun:在逃跑;在匆忙中onbusiness:在出差onfire:着火onsale上市;减价卖onduty:值日onwatch在监视onmarch:在行军/进中onstrike在罢工under词组underconstruction正在建设中underdiscussion/consideration:在计论/考虑中under/control:在控制中underway=inprocess正在进行中undernocircumstances/conditions没有那种情况下underthedirection/guidanceof在…指导下with词组withcomfort=comfortably舒服地/自在地withfear=fearfully恐吓地withpride=proudly自豪地withrespect=respectfully尊重地withskill=skillfully熟练地withcare=carefully小心地withease=easily轻而易举地withhonor以优异成绩graduate~Withthepurpose/aimof为了…目的Withthehelp/aidofwiththedevelopment/increaseof....随着...发展/增长withtimegoingby随着时间推移beyond词组beyondimagination:无法想象beyondprice:宝贵的无价的beyondcomparison无与伦比的beyonddoubt毫无疑问beyondallpraise:无法用言语赞美beyondbelief:.难以置信beyonddescription:无法形容beyondoneself:精神错乱/忘形/失态for词组forone’ssake/good/interest=forthegood/sake/interestofsb:为某人着想/好处/利益forsale:待售forfree:免费forthepresent=forthetimebeing暂时forever:永远forexample/instance:例如fornoreasonforthefollowingreasonsforthepurposeof…by词组bynomeans绝不byallmeans当然可以,bymeansof…:借助于/用...byandby不久以后;不一会儿byandlarge全盘;总的来说其它upto:忙于/从事/在做beuptosth;胜任/适合;直到;由某人来定/负责Itisuptosbtodosthtoone’ssurprise/disappointment/satisfaction/astonishment/sadnessasaresult/consequence:结果,因此asaresult/consequenceof...:因为/由于fromthenon=sincethen=eversince:从现在/那时起fromtimetotime:时不时地frombadtoworse:越来越糟2013年高考英语试题分类汇编之动词及动词短语(2013年高考英语福建卷)
24.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich_____spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.A.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.suggests(2013年高考英语福建卷)
28.Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks________indisasters.A.turndownB.turnoutC.breakdownD.breakout(2013年高考英语湖北卷)
23.Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplexafoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive(2013年高考英语湖北卷)
24.Accordingtothelawallforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.register(2013年高考英语湖北卷)
25.Butterflies______asweetliquidproducedbyflowerswhichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryonB.feedonC.putonD.focuson(2013年高考英语湖北卷)
26.Inmuchoftheanimalworldnightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setasideB.setdownC.setoffD.setup(2013年高考英语江苏卷)
23.—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.ThecharacterofthetowniswellA.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified(2013年高考英语江苏卷)
29.Teamleadersmustensurethatallmembers___theirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getoverB.lookoverC.takeoverD.comeover(2013年高考英语江西卷)
27.Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildren_______theirshoesveryquickly.A.findoutB.washoutC.wearoutD.setout(2013年高考英语江西卷)
31.She_____thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolor.A.connectedB.fittedC.equippedD.matched.(2013年高考英语辽宁卷)
32.Briggswill_______asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getawayB.takeoverC.setoffD.runout(2013年高考英语陕西卷)
25.Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmokingbutatleasthehas_______.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff(2013年高考英语天津卷)
2.IfyouareintroubleMikeisalwayswillingto_____ahand.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want(2013年高考英语天津卷)
8.IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tabletoA.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon(2013年高考英语新课标II卷)
2.Wouldyouliketo_____withustothefilmtonightA.comealongB.comeoffC.comeacrossD.comethrough(2013年高考英语新课标II卷)
8.Thewatchwasverygoodandhe____20percentdownforit.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent(2013年高考英语新课标I卷)
30.AtthelastmomentTomdecidedto_____anewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A.putupB.putinC.putonD.putoff(2013年高考英语浙江卷)
9.Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsendmakesureto______itwithimportantpoints.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold(2013年高考英语浙江卷)
12.Agoodlistenertakespartintheconversation______ideasandraisingquestionstokeepthetalkflowing.A.realizingB.copyingC.offeringD.misunderstanding(2013年高考英语浙江卷)
17.Bears______fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packupB.buildupC.bringupD.takeup(2013年高考英语安徽卷)
26.Traditionallycollegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey______ontheirlifejourney.A.giveupB.settledownC.getthroughD.setoff动词和动词短语2013年高考英语试题2013全国卷I
23.Trynottocoughmorethanyoucan___sinceitmaycauseproblemstoyourlungs.A.checkB.allowC.stopD.help2013全国卷I
30.AtthelastmomentTomdecidedto_____anewcharactertomakethestoryseemmorelikely.A.putupB.putinC.putonD.putoff2013全国卷II
2.WouldyouliketowithustothefilmtonightA.comealongB.comeoffC.comeacrossD.comethrough2013全国卷II
8.Thewatchwasverygoodandhe20percentdownforit.A.paidB.costC.boughtD.spent2013天津卷
2.IfyouareintroubleMikeisalwayswillingtoaband.A.lendB.shakeC.waveD.want2013天津卷
8.IhadhopedtotakeaholidaythisyearbutIwasn’tabletoA.getawayB.dropinC.checkoutD.holdon2013江苏卷
23.—Thetownissobeautiful!Ijustloveit.—Metoo.Thecharacterofthetowniswell____________.A.qualifiedB.preservedC.decoratedD.simplified2013江苏卷
29.Teamleadersmustensurethatallmembers______theirnaturaldesiretoavoidtheembarrassmentassociatedwithmakingmistakes.A.getoverB.lookoverC.takeoverD.comeover2013湖北卷
23.Whileintelligentpeoplecanoften______thecomplexafoolismorelikelytocomplicatethesimple.A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive2013湖北卷
24.Accordingtothelawallforeignershaveto______withthelocalpolicewithintwoweeksofarrival.A.associateB.disputeC.negotiateD.register2013湖北卷
25.Butterflies______asweetliquidproducedbyflowerswhichbeesandotherinsectscollect.A.carryonB.feedonC.putonD.focuson2013湖北卷
26.Inmuchoftheanimalworldnightisthetime______forsleep—pureandsimple.A.setasideB.setdownC.setoffD.setup2013安徽卷
26.Traditionallycollegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey_____________ontheirlifejourney.A.giveupB.settledownC.getthroughD.setoff2013福建卷
24.Michellefoundajobasahighschoolteacherwhich_____spendingquitealotoftimewithstudents.A.enjoysB.involvesC.practicesD.suggests2013福建卷
28.Old-fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworks_____indisasters.A.turndownB.turnoutC.breakdownD.breakout2013陕西卷
25.Myunclehasn’tbeenabletoquitsmokingbutatleasthehas.A.cutoutB.cutdownC.cutupD.cutoff2013江西卷
27.Motheralwayscomplainsthatchildren_______theirshoesveryquickly.A.findoutB.washoutC.wearoutD.setout2013江西卷
31.She_____thecarpetwithsomeverynicecurtainsincolour.A.connectedB.fittedC.equippedD.matched.2013浙江卷
9.Whenthegroupdiscussionisnearingitsendmakesureto________itwithimportantpoints.A.concludeB.leadC.avoidD.hold2013浙江卷
17.Bears________fatstoresthroughoutthesummerandfalltohaveenergyenoughtolastthemthroughtheirwintersleep.A.packupB.buildupC.bringupD.takeup2013辽宁卷
32.Briggswill________asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires.A.getawayB.takeoverC.setoffD.runout2013年高考英语真题--介词和介词短语2013江苏卷
26.IamalwaysdelightedwhenIreceiveane-mailfromyou______thepartyonJuly1stIshallbepleasedtoattend.A.OnaccountofB.InresponsetoC.InviewofD.Withregardto2013湖北卷
30.Anartistwhowasrecentlytravelingonaferrytothesouthernislanddiscovered______alonglostantiqueGreekvase.A.atrandomB.bychanceC.inturnD.onoccasion2013安徽卷
30.Davidisanimalfursohewon’tvisitanyonewhohascatsordogsinthehouse.A.curiousaboutB.allergictoC.satisfiedwithD.foodof2013福建卷
29.Mrs.Smithfindsithardtoclearupthemessasherchildrenarealways____whenevershetriesto.A.inthewayB.onwatchC.insightD.ontheline2013陕西卷
24.ThemanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompanyandIamsurehewill.A.inparticularB.inturnC.inchargeD.intime2013山东卷
34.TheSmithsarepraised_______thewaytheybringuptheirchildren.A.fromB.byC.atD.for2013辽宁卷
25._______________everyonehereIwishyouapleasantjourneybacktoyourcountry.A.BymeansofB.OnbehalfofC.InsearchofD.Forfearof。