还剩6页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
高考英语专题情态动词
一、情态动词的基本用法 1.can和couldcould为can的过去式的基本用法 1表示能力; 2在疑问句和否定句中表示“怀疑,猜测”或“可能性”; 3表示“许可”时can可以和may换用; 4如果要表示委婉的语气,可用could代替can,这时could不再是can的过去式; 5can和beableto都可表示能力但是can只有现在式和过去式,而beableto则有更多的形式;can表示有能力做某事,而beableto则表示通过努力,克服困难做成某事 6“cannotbut+动词原形”表示“不得不,只好” 如Icannotbutchoosetogo.我只好去 7cannot或never等否定词与enough连用表示“再……也不为过” 如Youcannotbecarefulenoughtocrosstheroad.过马路时你怎么小心都不为过 8“cannot……too…”表示“无论怎么都不过分,越……越好” 2.may和mightmight为may的过去式的基本用法 1表示允许或征询对方许可,有“可以”之意如Youmayusemydictionary. 在回答对方说“可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”时,一般不用may或maynot,以避免语气生硬,而是用比较婉转的说法进行回答 如—MayIusethisdictionary?—Yes,please.或—Imafraidnot. 在请求对方许可时,如果用MightI...就比用MayI...语气更婉转些 如MightIhavealookatyournewcomputer? 但是表示“阻止”或“禁止”对方做某事时,要用mustnot代替maynot 如—MayIswiminthislake?—No,youmustnt.Itstoodangerous. 2may和might都可以表示可能性,表示“或许,可能”之意,如果用might表示可能性,则语气更加不肯定 如Theymaymightbeinthelibrarynow. 3“maywell+动词原形”是一种常用结构,意为“完全能,很可能”,相当于beverylikelyto 如Hemaywellbeproudofhisson.他大可为他的儿子感到自豪 4“may/mightaswell+动词原形”意为“最好,满可以,不如” 如Youmayaswelldoitatonce.你最好马上就做这件事 5may可以用于祈使句中,表示祝愿 如Mayweneverforgeteachother.愿我们彼此永不相忘 3.must的基本用法 1must表示“必须,应该”之意,其否定式为mustnot,缩写形式为mustn’t,表示“不准,不许可,禁止”之意 如Wemuststudyhardandmakeprogresseveryday./Youmustnttouchthefire. 2对以must开头的疑问句作否定回答时,要用needn’t或don’tdoesn’thaveto,而不用mustn’t, 3在肯定句中must可以表示推测,表示“一定,必定”之意 如—Whosenewbikecanitbe—ItmustbeLiuDong’s.Hisfatherjustboughthimanewone. 4must表示“偏要、硬要做某事” 如Mustyoumakesomuchnoise你非得弄出这么多噪音吗? 5mustn’t表示的是“禁止,不许可”之意 如—Mustwefinishtheworktomorrow?—No,youneedntdon’thaveto,butyoumustfinishitinthreedays.
(6)must没有人称、数、时态的变化 4.haveto的基本用法 haveto和must的意思相近,只是must侧重表示说话人的主观看法,而haveto则表示客观需要 如Imuststudyhard./Ihadtogiveitupbecauseofillness. 5.oughtto的基本用法 1表示义务,意为“应当”,语气比should强 如Everyoneoughttoobeythetrafficregulations. 2表示推测,注意与must表示推测时的区别Hemustbehomebynow.断定他已到家/Heoughttobehomebynow.不十分肯定/Thisiswheretheoilmustbe.比较直率/Thisiswheretheoiloughttobe.比较含蓄 3在美国英语中oughtto用于否定句和疑问句时to可以省略 如Oughtyousmokesomuch?/Yououghtntsmokesomuch. 6.dare的基本用法 1dare作情态动词时,主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中 如Darehebreakthetrafficregulationsagain 2在现代英语中dare常作实义动词,其用法与其他实义动词相同 如Shedarestostayathomealoneatnight. 7.need的基本用法 1need作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句和条件句中 如Heneedntworryaboutusnow. 2need也作实义动词,用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句,其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语 如Youneedtopractisereadingaloudeveryday. 8.shall的基本用法 1shall用于第
二、第三人称时,表示说话人的意愿,可表示命令、警告、强制、威胁或允诺等 如Heshallgofirst,whetherhewantstoornot. 2在疑问句中,shall用于第
一、第三人称,表示说话人征询对方意见或请求指示 如ShallIopenthedoor 当颁布法律、规定时,也要用shall 如Youshallleavetheroomatonce,andhealsoshall.=Iorderyouandhimtoleavetheroomatonce.说话者的命令 3在比较正式的书面语中,如法律条文中所规定的权利或义务往往用shall来表示 9.should的基本用法 1should可以表示建议或劝告,表示“应该、理应”之意 如Youshouldlearnfromeachother. 2should可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一,竟然”,这时也可将should置于从句之首即将should放在主语前面,而省略if 如Ifanyoneshouldcome=Shouldanyonecome,sayIamnotathome.万一有人来访,就说我不在家 3should还可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可……,倒……”如Ishouldsaythatitwouldbebettertotryitagain.我倒是认为最好再试一试 10.will的基本用法 1用于各种人称,可以表示意志或决心 如Ihavetoldhimagainandagaintostopsmoking,buthewillnotlisten. 2在疑问句中,用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿 如WillyoupleasetellmehowtogettotheCapitalGynmasium 3will可以表示一种习惯性的动作,有“总是”或“总要”之意 如Everymorninghewillhaveawalkalongthisriver.
(4)表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向 11.would的基本用法 1would作为will的过去式时,可用于各种人称,表示过去的意志或决心 如Hepromisedhewouldneversmokeagain. 2在疑问句中,用于第二人称,表示说话人向对方提出请求或询问对方的意愿,语气比will委婉 如Wouldyoulikesomemorecoffee 3在日常生活中,用“Iwouldliketo...”表示“我想要”或“我愿意”之意,以使语气委婉 如IwouldliketodoExercise2first. 4would可以表示过去的习惯性动作,比usedto正式,但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义 如LastyearourEnglishteacherwouldsometimestellusstoriesinEnglishafterclass. 5表猜测 如Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome./Whatwouldshebedoingthere?/Ithoughthewouldhavetoldyouaboutit. 12.usedto,hadbetter,wouldrather的基本用法 1usedto表示过去的习惯性动作或状态,现在已不存在 在间接引语中,其形式可以不变如Hetoldusheusedtoplayfootballwhenhewasyoung.在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句中,可有两种形式疑问句Didyouuseto/Usedyoutogotothesameschoolasyourbrother?否定句Iusedn’tto/didn’tusetogothere.否定疑问句Usen’tyouto/Didn’tyouusetobeinterestedinthetheatre?在其反意疑问句或简略回答中,也有两种形式如Sheusedtobeveryfat,didn’t/usedn’tshe?/—Usedyoutogetupearlyinthemorning?—Yes,Idid/usedto.2hadbetter意为“最好”,后接不带to的不定式如—Wehadbettergonow.—Yes,wehadwe’dbetter/wehadbetter./Hadn’twebetterstopnow?Hadwebetternotstopnow?/IthinkIdbetterbegoing.进行时态,表示“最好立即”/Youhadbetterhavedonethat.用于完成时态,表示未完成的动作hadbetter对同辈或晚辈使用,对长辈不可用3wouldrather意为“宁愿”,后接不带to的不定式如I’drathernotsayanything./Wouldyouratherworkonafarm?/—Wouldn’tyouratherstayhere?—No,Iwouldnot.I’drathergothere.wouldrather表选择,其后可接than如Iwouldratherworkonafarmthaninafactory./IwouldratherwatchTVthangotoseeafilm.
二、情态动词+havedone情态动词+完成式用法例句musthavedoneThelightswereout.Theymusthavebeenasleep.can/couldhavedone表示对过去发生的行为的怀疑和不肯定,通常用在否定句和疑问句中
①IsawMr.Wangjustnow.HecouldnthavegonetoBeijing.
②Canhehavegonetohisuncles?couldhavedone可用于肯定句中,表示对过去没有实现的事情的遗憾或责备,意为“本来可以,本能够……”Youcouldhavedonebetterbutyouweretoocareless.may/mightnothavedone表示对过去已发生行为的推测,用于肯定句中,表示“也许已经……”;在否定句中表示“可能不”,不用于疑问句中用might则表示语气更加不肯定
①Itstoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.
②Hemaynothavefinishedthework.
③Shemighthavecaughtacold.should/oughtnottohavedone肯定句中,表示“本该做某事而实际上未做”;用于否定句中,则表示“不该做的事反而做了”
①Youshouldhavecometothemeetingearlier.
②Heoughtnottohavetreatedhisparentslikethat.need/neednthavedone肯定式表示“本来有必要做某事”;否定式表示“做了本来不必去做的事”Youneednthavetakenataxiforitwasverynear.hadbetterhavedone用于事后的建议,含轻微责备的口吻,意为“当时最好做了某事”,其否定式hadbetternothavedone表达相反的含义Youdbetternothavescoldedher.wouldratherhavedone表“当时宁愿做了某事”表示“后悔”之意Iwouldratherhavetakenheradvice.专项练习
(一)
1. I _______ you because I thought I must be wrong. A. dare not ask B. dare not to ask C. dare not asking D. dare to not ask
2. There __________ some flowers in the garden. A. were used to be B. used to be C. uses to be D. used to be having
3. “_____ I take it out” “I´m sorry you ____.” A. Could …couldn´t B. Might…might not C. Could…can D. May…can´t
4. You were stupid to climb the tree. You __________ hurt yourself. A. may B. might C. will D. might have
5. You ______ those letters. Why didn´t you A. should post B. should have posted C. must have posted D. ought to post.
6. All the lights are on the Smiths __________ up. A. must get B. is getting C. must be getting D. would get
7. He __________ lead a horse to the water but he __________ not make it drink. A. will…can B. may…can C. may…dares D. dare…can
8. “Need we do this job now” “Yes __________.” A. you need B. you should C. you must D. you can
9. ________ to have lunch with us today A. Do you likes B. Would you like C. Will you liked D. Have you liked
10. He said that you _______ watch TV all the evening if you wished. A. may B. must C. can D. might
11. –Is John coming by train --He should but he __________ not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may
12. Peter __________ come with us tonight but he isn´t very sure yet. A. must B. canC. may D. will
13. Michael ________ be a policeman for he´s much too short. A. needn´t B. can´t C. shouldn´tD. won´t
14. I thought you ______be hungry so I have brought you some cakes. A. may B. might C. can D. could
15. I wonder how he __________ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say
16. Come on! We _________hurry because there isn´t much time left. A. mayB. must C. can D. need
17. Amy did best in the English test. She __________ hard last week. A. must have working B. should have worked C. should work D. must work
18. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone __________ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
19. –--I stayed at a hotel while in New York. ---Oh did you You __________ with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed
20. It´s nearly seven o´clock. Jack ______ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can 专项练习
(二)
1.Jean_________havekepthispromise.Iwonderwhyhechangedhisidea.A.mustB.shouldC.needD.would
2.Jane________havecometothepartybutshe__________notfindtheexacttime.A.could;couldB.might;couldC.should;couldD.should;would
3.Somanymistakesinyourhomework!You_____morecareful.A.maybeB.hadtoC.wouldbeD.shouldhavebeen4.Herbrother________beathomenowbecausehewasseenplayingbasketballinthestadiumjustnow.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.shouldnt5.---Ican’tunderstandwhyourbossislate.---He________theearlybus.A.couldmissB.mayhavemissedC.canhavemissedD.mightmiss
6.Shedidntanswerthephoneshe______asleep.A.maybeB.mustbeC.shouldhavebeenD.musthavebeen7.Thelittlegirl’seyeswerered.She______.A.maycryB.mustcryC.mustbecriedD.musthavebeencrying8.He______hissuppernowforthedininghallisstillclosed.A.can’tbehavingB.needn’tbehavingC.mustn’tbehavingD.shouldntbehaving9.Iparkedmybikebehindthebuildingbutnowitisgone.It________.A.maybestolenB.mustbestolenC.musthavebeenstolenD.musthavestolen
10.______Mr.Black_______gotoworkbyferrybeforethebridgewasbuiltA.Did;usedtoB.Use;toC.Did;usetoD.Does;useto
11.Thehotelisonlyastone’sthrowawayyou______takeabus.A.neednottoB.notneedtoC.dontneedD.neednot
12.Iambusynow_______mybrotherdoitforyouA.WillB.ShallC.MustD.May
13.---Youneedn’tdoitrightnowneedyou---YesIamafraidI______.A.needB.needn’tC.mustD.mustn’t
14.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who_____havetakenitA.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would
15.---Theroomissodirty._______wecleanit----Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do
16.Ifyouhavesomethingimportanttodoyou______wasteanytime.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.maynotD.won’t
17.Ifyouwanttoborrowafootballafterschoolyourstudentcard______here.A.hastoleaveB.mustleaveC.hastobeleftD.mustbeleft
18.“Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness”“Yesbut_____it”A.I’drathernotdoB.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishouldn’tdoD.I’dbetternotdo
19.“Don’tgetneartoit.Itistoodangerous!”“_______”.A.YesIwon’tB.NoIdon’tC.NoIcan’tD.NoIwon’t
20.Hemustbeintheclassroom_______heA.mustn’tB.can’tC.isn’tD.can
21.He________beinthegarden.Hemustbeintheroom.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.willnotD.maynot
22.“Doyouhavetoleavenow”“IamverysorrybutIreally______.”A.can’tB.haveC.shouldD.must
23.“Let’sgotothelibraryshallwe”“_________”A.NoIcan’tB.YesIwillC.YesthankyouD.Nowe’dbetternot
24.“CanItakeitaway”“You______betternot.”A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.had
25.You_______havebroughtyourcamera.Theyallhadtheirswiththem.A.couldn’tB.needn’tC.wouldn’tD.mustn’t
26.Seewhoisthere!______itbeMayA.MayB.MustC.CanD.Will
27.John______beabasketballplayer.Heismuchtooshort.A.mayB.mustn’tC.can’tD.should
28.TheChineseteacherlookssopale.She______beill.A.mustB.mustn’tC.canD.need
29.Something______tosaveourearth.DoyouthinksoA.candoB.mustdoC.hastodoD.mustbedone
30.Lookatwhatyouhavedone!You______bemorecareful.A.oughtB.canC.wouldD.should专项练习
(二)1B2A3D4C5B6D7D8A9C10C11D12B13C14C15B16B17C18B19D20C21A22D23D24D25B26C27C28A29D30D专项练习
(三)
1.—HasLiLinstartedHesaidhewouldjoinintheparty.—He______.Heisamanofkeepinghisword.A.couldhaveleft B.musthaveleft C.can’tcome D.won’tbecoming
2.—MayIparkmycarhere—Noyou______.Nocarisallowedtoparkhere.A.maynot B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.daren’t
3.—ExcusemecouldyoutellmewheretheYajiaSupermarketis—It’stwoblocksstraightahead.You______missit.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.shouldn’t
4.—IsawMr.SunatTongyuStationthismorning.—You______.He’sstillonholidayinHawaii.A.couldn’thave B.mustn’thave C.shouldn’t D.needn’t
5.—HowaboutpayingavisittoDr.WangourformerChineseteacher—Goodidea.Iwille-mailhimtodaysothathe______know______toexpectus.A.shall;why B.could;whenC.would;what D.will;how
6.Everythinghastwosides.Beautifulsongssometimes______bejustnoisetoothers.A.must B.may C.should D.could
7.Someone______myumbrella.Ifounditwetyesterday.A.mustbeusing B.musthaveused C.mustuse D.musthavebeenusing
8.—Howdangerousitwas!—Yesbutforthepasser-by’squickactionthegirl______.A.wasdrowned B.couldhavebeendrownedC.haddrowned D.shouldbedrowned
9.You____scoldsuchapupilwhoalwayskeepssilentsoseriouslythatyou_____hurthim.A.should;can B.may;will C.mustn’t;may D.can’t;must
10.—WhydoesAliceknowsomuchaboutAngkorWat—She______havebeenthereor...A.must B.oughtn’tto C.may D.can’t
11.—YoumaylaughbutI’vebeenthinkingofbecomingavegetarian.—Ohyou______becrazy.Youwillbehungryallthetime.A.must B.may C.will D.need
12.—What’sthematterwithyou—OhI’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach.I______somuchfriedfishjustnow.A.shouldn’teat B.mustn’thaveeaten C.shouldn’thaveeaten D.mustn’teat
13.—______hehavebeenchosenascaptainofthefootballteam—Yeshe______.A.Can;musthave B.Must;musthave C.Can;must D.Must;must
14.Mr.Zhang______inShanghaitomorrowmorning.A.canhavearrived B.willhavearrived C.mayhavearrived D.musthavearrived
15.MissWangstartedat8o’clockandshe______betherenow.A.should B.can C.can’t D.need
16.—ItmustbeMr.Liwhodidit.—Noit______beMr.Li.A.mustn’t B.wouldn’t C.can’t D.may
17.You______finishreadingthebookassoonaspossible.A.may B.can C.need D.should
18.—Needyougotoworknow—YesI______.A.must B.need C.can D.dare
19.Yourtrousersaredirty.______themforyouA.ShallIwash B.WillIwashC.AmIgoingtowash D.AmIwashing
20.Youarelateforschooltoday.You______toschoolearlier.A.oughttocome B.shouldhavecome C.oughthavecome D.shouldcome
21.WemustlearnfromLeiFeng______weA.may B.can’t C.don’t D.needn’t
22.Shemustbehungry______sheA.isn’t B.needn’t C.doesn’t Dwon’t
23.Heoughttocomehereearly______heA.would B.should C.didn’t D.shouldn’t
24.Youusedtosmoke______youA.usedto B.don’t C.didn’t D.shouldn’t
25.Youought______forwhatyouhaven’tdone.A.nottobepunished B.notbepunished C.tonotpunished D.tonotbepunished
26.______youpleasetellmethewaytothepostofficeA.Must B.Need C.Would D.Should
27.I’msurehe______havethecomputersoonerorlater.A.shall B.can C.must D.would
28.Itisimportantthatwe______learnhowtodrive.A.haveto B.should C.need D.shall专项练习
(四)
1.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She_____atthemeeting.A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespokenC.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken
2.Oneought_____forwhatonehasn’tdone.A.nottobepunishedB.tonotbepunishedC.tonotpunishedD.notbepunished
3.Ifyoureallywantyourselftobeingoodhealthyoumust___always___somuch.A.not;besmokingB.not;havesmokedC.not;tosmokeD.benot;smoking
4.Withsomuchworkonhandyou_____toseethegamelastnight.A.mustn’tgoB.shouldn’tgoC.couldn’thavegoneD.shouldn’thavegone
5.MostofthestudentsfeltratherdisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaythatit______betterorganized.A.hadbeenB.hadtobeC.musthavebeenD.couldhavebeen
6.I’msurprisedthathe_____intheexam.A.shouldfailB.wouldhavefailedC.mayhavefailedD.shouldhavefailed
7.Thelittlegirl_____therealone.A.notdaregoB.daresnotgoC.darenotgoD.darenottogo
8.“Mustwedoitnow”“Noyou_____.”A.won’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.don’t
9.Hesaidhewouldrathernot_____itrightnow.A.doingB.todoC.doD.tobedoing
10.You_____tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn’ttocomeB.don’tneedcomeC.don’tneedcomingD.needn’tcome
11.Putonmoreclothes.You_____befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.A.canB.couldC.wouldD.must
12.I_____playfootballthanbaseball.A.wouldratherB.hadbetterC.likebetterD.prefer
13.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoreadsoIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must
14.Therewasplentyoftimes.She_____.A.mustn’thavehurriedB.couldn’thavehurriedC.mustnothurryD.needn’thavehurried
15.Theplantisdead.I_____itmorewater.A.willgiveB.wouldhavegivenC.mustgiveD.shouldhavegiven
16.You_____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot
17.It’sstillearlyyou_____.A.mustn’thurryB.wouldn’thurryC.maynothurryD.don’thavetohurry
18.Pleaseopenthewindow_____A.can’tyouB.aren’tyouC.doyouD.willyou
19.We_____forherbecauseshenevercame.A.mustn’thavewaitedB.shouldn’thavewaitedC.mustn’twaitD.needn’twait
20.—MayIstophere—Noyou_____.A.mustn’tB.mightnotC.needn’tD.won’t
21.It’safineday.Let’sgofishing_____.A.won’tweB.willweC.don’tweD.shallwe
22.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.She_____atthemeeting.A.mustn’thavespokenB.shouldn’thavespokenC.needn’thavespokenD.couldn’thavespoken
23.—Pleasedon’tmakeanoise.—_____.I’llbeasquietasamouse.A.YesIwon’tB.NoIwon’tC.NoIwillD.YesIwill
24.Theyoungmanhasmadesomuchnoisethathe_____nothavebeenallowedtoattendtheconcert.A.couldB.mustC.wouldD.should
25.—WhereisJohn—He_____inthelibrary.A.shouldbeB.mustbeC.canbeD.musthavebeen
26.Sincetheroadiswetthismorning_____lastnight.A.itmustrainB.itmustberainingC.itmusthaverainedD.itmusthavebeenrain
27.—Willyourbrotherstayhometonight—I’mnotquitesure.He_____tothecinematonight.A.mustgoB.cangoC.maygoD.maybegoing
28.She’salreadytwohourslate.What______toherA.canhavehappenedB.mayhavehappenedC.shouldhavehappenedD.musthappen
29.Youmustbeawriter_____A.mustn’tyouB.areyouC.mustyouD.aren’tyou
30.IgotupearlythatmorningbutI_____sobecauseIhadnoworktodo.A.mustn’thavedoneB.didn’tneedtodoC.needn’thavedoneD.can’thavedone
31.He_____havecomehereyesterdaybuthedidn’t.A.couldB.shouldC.oughttoD.alltheabove
32.ImissedthelastbussoI_____gohomeonfoot.A.mustB.havetoC.mayD.hadto
33.Heoughttowinthefirstprize_____heA.oughtn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.bothAandB
34.Everyone_____dohisbestforthemodernizationsofourcountry.A.canB.mayC.shouldD.might
35.Let’scleanourclassroom_____A.willyouB.don’tweC.shallweD.doyou
36.Letusplaybasketball______A.willyouB.don’tweC.shallweD.doyou
37.Heaskedmeforthisbookmanytimes.Pleasetellhimthathe_____haveittomorrow.A.mustB.mayC.shallD.bothBandC
38.“YourphonenumberagainI_____quitecatchit.”“It’s
9568442.”A.didn’tB.couldn’tC.don’tD.can’t
39.Mother_____usstorieswhenwewerechildren.A.wasusedtotellB.isusedtotellingC.usedtotellD.usedtotelling
40.Shewouldrather_____moremoneyonbooks_____onclothes.A.cost…notB.tospare…don’tC.pay…thanD.spend…than专项练习
(二)1B2A3D4C5B6D7D8A9C10C11D12B13C14C15B16B17C18B19D20C21A22D23D24D25B26C27C28A29D30D
1.解析选B.“shouldhave+过去分词”表示“过去本来应该但没能做某事”;keepone’spromise意为“信守诺言”
2.解析选A.“couldhave+过去分词表示过去本来应该但没能做某事”
3.解析选D.“Youshouldhavebeenmorecareful”.意为你本来应该更细心的4.解析选C.can’tbeathome意为不可能在家5解析选B.“mayhave+过去分词”表示对过去动作的判断,意为可能做了某事注意can表示可能时,只能用于疑问句和反问句
6.解析选D.表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测7.解析选D.意为她刚才肯定一直在哭对过去某事正发生的推测8.解析选A.对现在正在发生的事情的否定推测9.解析选C.对过去发生的事情的肯定推测的被动式
10.解析选C.usedtodo的疑问式,可以是Used+主语+todo或Did+主语+usetodo
11.解析选D.说话人认为不必要乘车need为情态动词
12.解析选B.在疑问句中shall用于第三人称,也表示征求意见
13.解析选C.Yes的意思是不意为恐怕我必须现在就做
14.解析选C.could/canhavedone用于否定推测和疑问推测
15.解析选B.shall用在疑问句中,常用于第一,三人称,表示征求意见或请求指示
16.解析选B.根据句意用mustn’t
17.解析选C.haveto表示客观需要,must表示主观需要学生证必须放在此是客观需要
18.解析选B.wouldrather加完成时表示对完成了的或过去了的事情的态度意为当时是不情愿做的
19.解析选D.A为错误的表达方式;B和C没有直接回答对方的问候
20.解析选C.对表否定的must进行反意疑问时,要用句子的实义动词
21.解析选A.否定推测用can’t不用mustn’t
22.解析选D.回答haveto的疑问句用must作肯定回答
23.解析选D.ABC都不能回答shallwe此处D的语气比较婉转客气
24.解析选D.hadbetter与不带to的不定式构成谓语,可以变成疑问句Hadn’tyoubetter----
25.解析选B.本来不必要做某事.
26.l解析选C.表推测时A,B都用作疑问句
27.解析选C.断然的不定推测用can’t
28.解析选A.表示有把握的肯定推测用must
29.解析选D.“somethingmustbedone”意为必须采取措施
30.解析选D.ought后应用to
(三)答案及解析
1.B从Heisamanofkeepinghisword中可以看出,李林肯定已经出发来参加聚会了,这是对已经发生的事情非常肯定的推测,故用musthavedone注意must表推测时,不能用于否定句和疑问句中
2.C此题考查以情态动词提问的一般疑问句的回答在英语中,以某些情态动词提问的句子,出于礼貌委婉或句意的需要,回答时,要换用另一个情态动词在回答must开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’thaveto;在回答may开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用may,否定回答用mustn’t;在回答need开头的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t
3.B根据题意,此处需要表示“推测”的否定结构,故can’t为正确答案
4.A这是一个省略句,couldn’thavedone表示对过去发生的动作的否定推测,意为“不可能……”
5.B这是一个综合题本题sothat后的目的状语从句中的谓语动词要用“情态动词(may/might/can/could)+动词原形”Whentoexpectus表示“我们什么时候可到达”“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中作know的宾语
6.B由sometimes可知,此处应用表示可能性不大的情态动词,即may
7.B由后句可知,这是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测,故B项正确
8.Bbutfor的意思是“要不是”,语法功能上等同于if引导的否定虚拟条件句,因前句中Howdangerousitwas可知应与过去事实相反
9.Cmustn’t表示“不准许”,may表示可能性,所以C正确
10.C句意她或许到过那里,或者……or...是重要的信息,说明还有其他的可能性A的说法太绝对,与or...提供的信息冲突
11.Amust表示的把握最大,may表示有可能,need不表示推测,will表示将来根据句意可知A正确,表明对对方的不理解和责备,语气比较坚决
12.Cshouldn’thavedone表示“本不该做……,但实际上却做了”
13.A疑问句中可以用can肯定句用must
14.Bwill+havedone,表示对将来必然进程的猜测
15.Ashould表示主观性猜测,译为“应该”
16.Ccan’t表示否定的猜测,侧重于主观判断,译为“决不会;不可能”
17.Dshould表示劝告某人应该做某事
18.Aneed引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答应用must
19.AShallI...?是征求对方意见时常用的句型
(四)部分答案与解析
1.D.must表示推测时不用于否定句;shouldn’thavedonesth.表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了”;needn’thavedonesth.表示“本来不必做某事而实际上做了”;couldn’thavedonesth.表示“不可能做过某事”根据题意,选D
2.A.情态动词ought后要接带to的不定式,oughttodo的否定式是oughtnottodo,所以答案是A
3.A.mustnotalwaysbedoingsth.表示“不要老是做谋事”,含有埋怨、指责、反感等感情色彩
4.D.题中的A项和B项都指现在情况;couldn’thavegone表示“不可能去过”;shouldn’thavegone表示“本不应该去而实际上去了”根据题意,选D
5.D.couldhavedonesth.表示“本来能够做某事而实际上未能做成”
6.D.should可用于表示惊奇、感叹、不满等感情色彩的句子,如指过去的动作,则要用shouldhavedonesth.Would和may通常不带感情色彩
7.C.题中的dare是情态动词,后接不带to的不定式,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中
8.B.must开头的疑问句,否定答语用needn’t或don’thaveto
9.C.wouldrather通常也视为情态动词(组),后接动词原形,其否定形式为wouldrathernot
10.D.need作为情态动词,其否定形式为needn’t;作实义动词时,其否定形式为don’tdoesn’tneedtodo
11.D.must用在肯定句中表推测时,语气比couldwould等肯定得多此处“must+不定式进行式”表“想必正在……”之意
12.A.wouldrather…than…,意为“宁愿(做)……而不(做)……”
13.B.由句意可知,这是对过去发生的事情不太有把握的推测
14.D.needn’thavedone意为“过去不必做而做了某事”
15.D.shouldhavedone表示“过去应该做而没有做某事”
16.C.can’t(不能),mustn’t(不准),maynot(不可以),均不合题意
17.D.don’thaveto=needn’t
18.D.will用在第二人称的疑问句中,为询问(或征求)对方的意愿或向对方提出请求之意
19.B.shouldnothavedone表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”,含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”,“批评”之意
20.A.may开头的疑问句,否定答语常用mustn’t
21.D.疑问句中shall用于第
一、三人称,用来征询对方的意见
22.D.推测“她不可能在会上发言”,must表示推测时,不能用于否定句中
23.B.will在此处表示“意志(向)”
24.D.shouldnothavedone表示“过去不应该做而做了某事”,含有“后悔”、“责备”、“劝告”,“批评”之意
25.B.mustdo表示对现在的事实进行推测
26.C.musthavedone用于对过去发生的事情进行推测,且较有把握
27.C.表示推测时,must比may语气肯定
28.A.can表推测,只用于否定句和疑问句中
29.D.must表示推测时,其后的反意问句有两种情况
①对现存状态(现在的事实)进行推测时,反意疑问句中动词用其一般现在形式
②对过去发生的事情进行推测时,若有表过去的时间状语,反意问句用动词的过去式
30.C.needn’thavedone表示“过去不必做而做了某事”,若表示“不必做某事(且实际上未做)“则用”didn’t/don’t/doesn’tneedto.”
31.D.A表示“本能够”,BC表“本应该”
32.D.haveto表示客观上要求做某事,must表示主观上认为必须做某事
33.D.oughtto的反意问句应用oughtn’t或shouldn’t开头
34.C.should含“按理应该做……”、“有义务做……”之意
35.C.Let’s中的us一般包括对方在内
36.A.Letus中的us一般不包括对方在内
37.D.may和shall均可表“允诺”
38.A.由句后得知句意为“我开始没听清楚对方的电话号码”,为对过去的事实或发生动作的表述
39.C.usedtodo“过去(常)做某事”,beusedtodoing“习惯于做某事”
40.D.wouldrather后接动词原形Spend…onsth.为常用结构。