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形容词和副词比较级和最高级及其使用形容词的比较级和最高级说明 例词 一般情况加erestsmallersmallest 以e结尾加rstlargerlargest单音节词和少数多音节的形容词,加词尾erest以辅音字母+y结尾的词改y为i,再加erestbusierbusiest 重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母双写末尾辅音字母,加erestfatterfattest 以ower结尾的双音节词加erestnarrowernarrowest clevererclevest多数双音节和多音节的词加moremost morebeautiful mostimportant 副词的比较级和最高级 1.大多数以ly结尾的副词前加more和most来构成比较级和最高级 2.少数单音节副词,加erest构成其比较级和最高级 几个特殊的形容词和副词原级比较级最高级goodwellbetterbestbadillbadlyworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurtheroldolderelderoldesteldest 比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等as原形as as原形+名词asThetraintravelsasfastasthe3:55train. Hehasnotasmuchmoneyashisfriend.不及notasso原形as notas[so]+名词+原形asSheisnotassobeautifulashersister. 比较级+thanHealthismoreimportantthanwealth.超越the+比较级+ofthetwo 两者中较…的一个Heisthetallerofthetwo.用于否定no+比较级+than 和…一样不HeisnoricherthanI. 他和我一样不富有用于否定最…不过Hisworkcouldntbeworse. 他的工作再糟糕不过了程度递增erander,moreandmore+多音节词原级越来越…higherandhighermoreandmoreimportant两种情况同时变化the+比较级,the+比较级 (越…,越…)Thequickeryougetreadythesoonerwellbeabletoleave.三者或三者以上比较the+最高级+of/in+比较范围 (…之中最…)Ofallthingsintheworldpeoplearetheprecious. 比较级结构的修饰语 1.用于原级之前 almostnearlyjustexactlyquitehalftwicethreetimesathirdetc. Johnisalmostastallasyou. Theriveristhreetimesaslongasthatone. Wehaveathirdasmanystudentsaswehadlastterm. 2.用于比较级前 manyafew用于more+可数名词前 Ittakesmanymorehourstogotherebytrainthanbyplane. alotmuchabitevenalittlestillagreatdealfarrathertwoyearstenpercentthreetimesetc. Itscoldthisyearbutitsevencolderlastyear. Weproduced6%moregrainthisyearthanwedidlastyear. 3.用于形容词和最高级前 theverymuchthebyfarthethefirst/second Thishatisbyfarthelargestintheworld. Goldistheverymostvaluableofallmaterials.位置与功能高考重点要求 1.掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法 2.掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达 3.注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序 4.分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别 此项语法内容从1991年到达2001年间共出现45次(包括上海题),可见其重要 形容词作用与位置 1.定语 在名词前做定语,为最常见用法请注意多个形容词(含其它起形容词作用的词)做前置定语的顺序 县官行令杀国才这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题即 限(冠词[物主代词、指示代词]数词等)观(描绘)形(大小、形状等)龄(年龄、新旧等)色(色彩)国(国籍、出处等)材(材料、功用等) aninterestingEnglishfilmaheavyblackChinesesilkumbrella 做后置定语修饰由不定代词noanysome,every和onething等构成的复合词或形容词短语 2.表语一定要注意系动词的出现情况这是一个高考热点问题 常见系动词有be 变化系词becomegetturngrowgo 保持系词keepremainstay 感观系词looksmelltastefeelsoundappearseemproveetc.
3.形容词作状语,表状况、原因、结果等这也是应注意的一点 Hewenttobedcoldandhungry.
4.做宾补 N
①某些以a开始的形容词只做表语,不做定语 afraidalikealoneasleepawake,alive
②某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语不做定语 wellillfaint
③某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词 friendlylivelylovelylonelylikelydeadlyorderly等
④复合形容词的形式问题 an800-meter-wideriveranEnglish-speakingcountryamiddle-agedman 副词 位置 1)时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾如同时出现,则地点副词在前 TheywentboatinginZhongshanParkyesterday. 2表频率的时间副词是高考的热点 alwaysseldomoftenneverrarelyusually等,通常放于行为动词之前,be词、情态动词和助动词之后 HeisalwaystellingliessoIwillneverbelievehim. 3程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前(但enough除外) Heisveryyoungsoheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool. N:有些副词有两种形式,一个与形容词同形,一个以ly结尾,但它们的含义是不同的 closely-closenearly-nearfreely-freedeeply-deephighly-highwidely-wide等 以ly结尾的词表较为抽象的含义,而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念 Heishighlypraisedforwhathehasdone.高度地 Hecanseeabirdisflyinghighinthesky.(飞得高,具有可见性)练习、形容词和副词高考题选
1.Johnhasthreesisters.Maryisthe___ofthethree.MET88 A.mostcleverest B.moreclever C.cleverest D.cleverer
2.Thestudentsare___youngpeoplebetweentheageofsixteenandtwenty.MET88 A.most B.almost C.mostly D.atmost
3.Shetoldus___storythatweallforgotaboutthetime.MET88 A.suchaninteresting B.suchinterestinga C.soaninteresting D.asointeresting
4.Itisimpossibleforso___workerstodosoworkinasingleday.MET88 A.fewmuch B.fewmany C.littlemuch D.littlemany
5.Thehorseisgettingoldandcantrun___itdid.MET88 A.asfasteras B.sofastthan C.sofastas D.asfastas
6.Thestorysounds___.MET89 A.tobetrue B.astrue C.beingtrue D.true
7.Idbeenexpecting___lettersthewholemorningbuttherewerent___forme.MET89 A.some;any B.many;afew C.some;one D.afew;none
8.Thisyeartheyhaveproduced___grain___theydidlastyear.MET89 A.asless;as B.asfew;as C.less;than D.fewer;than
9.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroducedthefactoryproduced___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.MET90 A.astwicemany B.asmanytwice C.twiceasmany D.twicemanyas
10.Thepianosintheothershopwillbebut______.MET90 A.cheaper;notasbetter B.morecheaper;notasbetter C.cheaper;notasgood D.morecheap;notasgood
11.---CanIhelpyou ---WellImafraidtheboxis___heavyforyoubutthankyouallthesame.MET90 A.so B.much C.very D.too
12.---ExcusemeisthisMr.Brownsoffice ---ImsorrybutMr.Brown___workshere.Heleftaboutthreeweeksago.MET90 A.notnow B.nomore C.notstill D.nolonger
13.Ifwehadfollowedhisplanwecouldhavedonethejobbetterwith___moneyand___people.MET90 A.less;less B.fewer;fewer C.less;fewer D.fewer;less
14.OhJohn.___yougaveme!MET90 A.Howapleasantsurprise B.Howpleasantsurprise C.Whatapleasantsurprise D.Whatpleasantsurprise
15.---Howdidyoufindyourvisittomuseum ---Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas___thanIexpected.MET91 A.farmoreinteresting B.evenmuchinteresting C.somoreinteresting D.alotmuchinteresting
16.Canadaislargerthan___countryinAsia.NMET91 A.any B.anyother C.other D.another
17.Thoseorangestaste___.MET91 A.good B.well C.tobegood D.tobewell
18.Theexperimentwas___easierthanwehadexpected.NMET91 A.more B.muchmore C.much D.moremuch
19.___foodyouvecooked!NMET91 A.Howanice B.Whatanice C.Hownice D.Whatnice
20.Goandgetyourcoat.Its___youleftit.MET92 A.there B.where C.therewhere D.wherethere
21.Johnwassosleepythathecouldhardlykeephiseyes___.MET92 A.open B.tobeopened C.toopen D.opening
22.---Areyoufeeling___ ---YesImfinenow.NMET92 A.anywell B.anybetter C.quitegood D.quitebetter
23.Whichis___countryCanadaorAustraliaMET92 A.alarge B.larger C.alarger D.thelarger
24.---WillyougivethismessagetoMr.Whiteplease ---SorryIcant.He___.MET92 A.doesntanymoreworkhere B.doesntanylongerherework C.doesntworkanymorehere D.doesntworkhereanylonger
25.HowcanyoufinishthedrawingMET92 A.often B.soon C.long D.rapid
26.___terribleweatherwevebeenhavingthesedays!MET92 A.Howa B.Whata C.How D.What
27.Ittakesalongtimetogotherebytrain.Its___byroad. MET93 A.quick B.thequickest C.muchquick D.quicker
28.___fromBeijingtoLondon!MET93 A.Howlongwayitis B.Whatalongwayisit C.Howlongwayisit D.Whatalongwayitis
29.Shedoesntspeak___herfriendsbutherwrittenworkisexcellent.MET93 A.aswellas B.asoftenas C.somuchas D.asgoodas
30.---MumIthinkIm___togetbacktoschool. ---NotreallyMydear.Youdbetterstayathomeforanotherdayortwo.NMET93 A.sowell B.sogood C.wellenough D.goodenough
31.---Ifyoudontliketheredcoattaketheblueone. ---OKbutdoyouhavesize___inblueThisonesabittightforme.NMET93 A.abig B.abigger C.thebig D.thebigger
32.Johnplaysfootbal___ifnotbetterthanDavi.NMET94 A.aswell B.aswellas C.sowell D.sowellas
33.Weallwrite___evenwhentheresnetmuchtosay.NMET94 A.nowandthen B.byandby C.stepbystep D.moreorless
34.---Doyouremember___hecame ---YesIdohecamebycar.NMET94 A.how B.when C.that D.if
35.Iftherewerenoexaminationsweshouldhave___atschool.NMET94 A.thehappiesttime B.amorehappiertime C.muchhappiesttime D.amuchhappiertime
36.---Haveyoufinishedyourreportyet ---NoIllfinishin___tenminutes.NMET95 A.another B.other C.more D.less
37.---Idlike___informationaboutthemanagementofyourhotelplease. ---Wellyoucouldhave___wordwiththemanager.Hemightbehelpful.NMET95 A.some;a B.an;some C.some;some D.an;a
38.Ifweworkwithastrongwillwecanovercomeanydifficulty___greatitis.NMET95 A.what B.how C.however D.whatever
39.Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining____.NMET96 A.badly B.hardly C.strongly D.heavily
40.Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheard___.NMET96 A.thebettervoice B.agoodvoice C.thebestvoice D.abettervoice
41.Tonyisgoingcampingwith___boys.NMET93 A.littletwoother B.twolittleother C.twootherlittle D.littleothertwo
42.---HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdaoNMET95 ---Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriendsandspent___thedaysattheseaside. A.fewlastsunny B.lastfewsunny C.lastsunnyfew D.fewsunnylast
43.Canyoubelievethatin___arichcountrythereshouldbe_manypoorpeopleMET95 A.such;such B.such;so C.so;so D.so;such
44.Waittillyouaremore___.Itsbettertobesurethansorry.NMET97 A.inspired B.satisfied C.calm D.certain
45.ProfessorWhitehaswrittensomeshortstoriesbutheis___knownforhisplays.NMET98 A.thebest B.more C.better D.themost
46.___totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.NMET2000 A.Braveenoughstudents B.Enoughbravestudents C.Studentsbraveenough D.Studentsenoughbrave
47.Itsalwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry___ifyoudontspeakthelanguage.NMET2000 A.extremely B.naturally C.basically D.especially
48.Iamsurprisedthatyoushouldhavebeenfooledbysuchaan___trick.2001春招 A.ordinary B.easy C.smart D.simple
49.Itisgenerallybelievedthatteachingis___itisascience.NMET2001 A.anartmuchas B.muchanartas C.asanartmuchas D.asmuchanartas
50.---Imvery___withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious. ---Mmitdoeshavea___smell.2002春招 A.pleasant;pleased B.pleased;pleased C.pleasant;pleasant D.pleased;pleasant
51.Borishasbrains.InfactIdoubtwhetheranyoneintheclasshas___IQ. A.ahigh B.ahigher C.thehigher D.thehighest语法复习十三形容词和副词1.C.原题中的threesisters这一信息词语暗示考生要用最高级的形式clever的最高级有两种themostclever,thecleverest2.C.mostly是副词,意思是主要地,修饰整个句子用most时应为mostofthestudents;用almost通常说almostall+n.3.A.such与so修饰名词时可这样使用so+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数somany/few十可数名词复数somuch/little+不可数名词4.A.few修饰可数名词的复数;much修饰不可数名词5.D.A、C项是语法错误as…as之间不能用比较级形式B项也是语法错误,than前没有比较级,把than变成as就对了实际上notas…as=notmorethan.6.D.sound是听起来的意思它是系动词,其后接形容词做表语类似的系动词还有lookseemtastesmellfell.7.A.some常用在肯定句中,而any常用在否定、疑问和条件句中8.C.grain是不可数名词A项是语法错误,as…as之间用原级,B项few不修饰grain,D项也如此9.C.表示倍数的词与其他表示程度的副词修饰as…as结构时,应放在其前面10.C.该题考查了考生是否掌握形容词比较级的两种形式,该句可理解为Thepianosintheothershopwillbecheaper,butnotasgoodasthoseinthisshop.11.D.此处可理解为theboxistooheavyforyoutocarry.12.D.nolonger强调时间;nomore强调数量和次数13.C.better这一信息词可暗示考生用比较级形式,less修饰不可数名词,fewer修饰可数名词的复数14.C.what与how修饰名词引起的感叹句 what+a/an+形容词十单数可数名词 what+形容词+可数名词复数 what+形容词+不可数名词 How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数 注意what的用法与sach相似,how与so相似且gives B.asurprise是惯用法15.A.用来修饰比较级的副词有alittle,abit;evenstill;far,byfar;alot,agreatdeal;much,any用于否定、疑问;rather.16.A.用比较级表示最高级的意思,用than+anyother+单数名词包括主语在内或用any+单数名词比较范围不包括主语在内因加拿大不属亚洲如,把Asia改为NorthAmerica,则B正确17.A.taste是系动词,后接形容词做表语B项well如果是形容词,表示身体好但Thingsarewellwithme.属于特殊情况参看6题18.C.参看15题19.D.参看14题20.B.where引导表语从句,且where在表语从句中做地点状语21.A.当open做宾补时,一般用它的形容词,不用它的现在分词又如withhiseyesopen/closed22.B.any修饰比较级时,一般用于疑问句和否定句中23.D.表示两者中最…的意思,用the+比较级此句可理解Canadaisthelargerofthetwocountries.24.D.nomore与nolonger变成not…anymore或not…anylonger时anymore和anylonger要置于句尾,可参看12题25B.howoften表示频率,与题意不符howlong句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词,是多久的意思D项rapid是形容词不能修饰动词Howsoon的回答词用in+时间,因此,全句的意思是在多长时间之内或以后你能画完画且句中谓语是瞬间动词26.D.可参看14题weather是不可数名词27.D.此处可理解为Itsquickertogobyroadthanbytrain. 28.D.参看14题 29.A.原题中的but与excellent两个信息词可暗示考生,且notas…as相当于notmorethan,因此,该句的意思是她讲的不如朋友的好,但她的笔头好30.C.well是形容词身体好的意思这是Its+adj+enoushtodosth句型该句意思是我身体已好,可以返回学校了31.B.形容词的比较级修饰可数名词的单数时,前面不要忘了加a,泛指比较…的-个例如,Thisshirtisalittlelarger.Couldyoushowmeasmallerone32.B.是29题的创新该句的意思是如果不比David好的话,那么会跟David踢的一样好ifnotbetterthan为插入语33.A.从evenwhentheresnotmuchtosay这一信息句可知nowandthen相当于sometimes,occasionally和fromtimetotime,B项byandby=soon,C项stepbystep=gradually,D项moreorless=about,修饰名词,但也可修饰动词,作状语34.A.从答语中bycar可知,how问的是方式35.D.haveagood/happytime是惯用法,much修饰比较级参看31题36.A.more与another在表示再、又时,用法不同,more置于数词后面,而another置于数词的前面37.A.information是不可数名词haveawordwithsb.相当于speak/talkto/withsb.与…谈话38.C.however是连接副词,修饰形容词great并引导一个让步4状语从句,意思是无论困难有多大39.D.下大雨应说rainhard/heavily.40.D.意为我从未听过比她还好的噪音用比较级表达最高级的概念41.C.要知道形容词排列作定语的顺序42.B.与41题考查的目的相同43.B.可参看3题44.D.从下文Itsbettertobesurethansorry.即确信要比后悔好可知,填入D项A、B、C项不符合逻辑45.C.该题考查副词用法四个选项均为副词的比较级或最高级,题干的两个并列分句中,已给出someshortstories和hisplays这一特定的语境,表示二者之间的比较需用副词的比较级wellknown是一惯用词组,意为出名的、众所周知的,well的比较级为better,故答案为C46.C.形容词作后置定语enough为副词,修饰形容词brave,放在其后47.D.意为在国外通常是困难的,特别是你不会说外语48.D.意为我很吃惊你竟然被这么简单的一个诡计愚弄了此处,只有用D项才能准确表达这种语气49.D.教学更像是一门科学第一个as为副词50.D51.B。