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高考英语句型
1、as句型
(1)as引导方式状语从句句型“按照……;正如……”例Wedofarmworkastheoldpeasantteachesus.Asitisinyourcountrywegrowwheatinthenorthandriceinthesouth.正如(像)你们国家一样……
(2)as+形容词/副词原级+(a/an)+名词+as;否定式notas/so……as例Heisasgoodaplayerashissister.
(3)Asitis=asthingsare照现在的情形看……例Leavethehouseasitis.I’dliketobuyitasitis.
(4)such+n.+astodo如此……以至于……例Sheissuchafoolastobelievewhathesaid.
(5)so+adj./adv.+astodosomething.如此以至于……例Hewassostrongastocarrytheheavybox.
(6)such……as……像……之类的……(接名词或定于从句)例HewishedtobesuchamanasLeiFengwas.他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人
(7)thesame+名词+as和……一样的……例Heisnotthesamemanasheusedtobe.
(8)as引导非限制性定语从句例Asisknowntousknowledgeispower.
(9)引导时间状语从句随着……一边……一边……例Wegetwiseraswegetolder.
(10)引导时间状语从句,与because的用法相近例Asitwasgoingverylatewesoonturnedback.
(11)引导让步状语从句(可用though替换)例Childasheisheknowsmuchaboutscience.Tryashemighthecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.MuchasIrespecthimIcannotagreewithhisidea.
2、prefer句型
(1)prefertodoSomething.Iprefertostayathome.
(2)preferdoingSomething.Ipreferplayingindefense.
(3)prefersb.todoSomething.Wouldyouprefermetostay
(4)prefertodoSomethingratherthandoSomething…………宁愿……而不愿……Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.
(5)preferdoingsomethingtodoingsomething.Ipreferwatchingfootballtoplayingit.
(6)preferSomethingtosomethingIpreferteatocoffee.
3、wouldrather句型
(1)wouldratherdosomethingthandosomething宁愿做……而不愿做……例Shewouldratherdiethanturnagainsthismotherland.
(2)wouldratherhavedonesomething宁愿过去做过某事例Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.
(3)wouldrathersb.haddonesomething宁愿某人过去做过某事例IwouldratherIhadpassedtheexaminationlastweek.
(4)wouldrathersb.didsomething宁愿某人现在或将来做某事例Whowouldyouratherwentwithyou你宁愿和谁在一起?
4、when句型
(1)was/weredoingsomething…when…例Hewasstillsmilingwhenthedooropenedandhiswifecamein.
(2)beabouttodosomething…when…=beonthepointofdoingsomething…when…例Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.
(3)hadjustdone…when…例Ihadjustgonetobedafteraveryharddaywhenthephonerang.
(4)Itwillbe+时间+when+一般现在时当某事发生时,时间将会是……例:Itwillbemidnightwhentheygetthere.
(5)Itwas+时间+when+一般过去时当某事发生时,时间是……例Itwas1949whennewChinawasfounded.
5、刚…就…句型
(1)hadnotdonesomething…when…/hardly…when…例Hehadnotfallenasleepwhenthetelephonerang.
(2)hadnosoonerdonesomething…than例Ihadnosoonergotbacktothekitchenthanthedoor-bellrangloudendedwakethedead
6、一…就……句型Assoonas=themoment=theminute=theinstant=thesecond=instantly=immediately=directly=atthesight/thought/soundof=on+doing/something例JennywillfaintatthesightofBlood.
7、seem句型
(1)Itseemsthat从句例Itseemedthateveryonewassatisfied.
(2)sb..seemtodo例Iseemtohaveseenhimsomewherebefore.
(3)Thereseemstobe例Thereseemstobeaheavyrain.
(4)Itseemsasif例Itseemedthatshecouldn’tcometoclass.
8、too句型
(1)too…todosomething.例Thesepillarsaretoothintocarrytheroof.这些柱子太细,支撑不住屋顶
(2)onlytoo…todosomething例Ishallbeonlytoopleasedtogethome.我要回到家里就非常高兴
(3)too+adj.+a+n.例Thisistoodifficultatextforme.
(4)tooadj.forsomething.例Theseshoesaremuchtoosmallforme.
(5)cannot…too+形容词无论……也不为过例Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.
(6)tooto在以下情况表示肯定含义1)当too前或to前又否定词构成双重否定时例:Itisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老学到老Heistoowisenottoseethat.他很聪明,不会不懂这一点2)当too后是glad、please、happy、delighted、satisfied、ready、willing、king、true、easy、near、careful、well、early、delicious、eager、anxious等形容词或副词时表示肯定例Theyaretooanxioustoleave.他们急于离开Heistooreadytohelpothers.他们总是乐于助人
9、before句型
(1)Itwillbe+时间+before+还有多长时间……例Itwillbe4yearsbeforehegraduates.他还有四年时间就毕业了
(2)Itwasn’t+一段时间+before……过了多久就……例Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.还没到两年他们就离开那国家
(3)beforesb.can/could某人还没来的及……例BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme.
(4)过了多久才……例Wehadwalkedalongwaybeforewefoundsomewater.
(5)还有“趁……(还没有)”之意例Theyarethinkingofbuyingthehousebeforethepricesgoup.
(6)beforelong是“很快,不久”的意思,可以用于各种时态例BeforelonghewenttoAmerica.
(7)longbefore很久以前例Thathadknowneachotherlongbeforetheygotmarried.Thathappenedlongbefore.
10、since句型
(1)Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…+一般过去时(到目前为止)干某事多长时间了
(2)Itwas+时间段+since+过去完成时(到过去某时间为止)干某事多长时间了
(3)sb./something+过去完成时+since+过去时(要注意从句的位于动词是否延续)例Itisabouttendayssincehecamebackfromabroad.ItwasdayssinceIhadleftthere.比较一下HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIfellill.自从我生病以来,他经常给我写信HehaswrittentomefrequentlysinceIwasill.自从我病愈以来,他经常给我写信
11、强调句型
(1)Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who例ItwasIwhowrotetouncleyesterday.
(2)Isit+被强调部分+that……例Wasityourbrotherthatyoumetinthestreet
(3)Where/who/what/how…is/wasitthat…例Howisitthatyouwillgotovisithertomorrow
(4)宾语从句中的强调句例Tellmewhoitwasthatyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon.
(5)do+谓语动词(强调谓语)例Theydoknowtheplacewell.
(6)notuntil的强调句型例Itbenotuntil…that…
12、用于过去未实现的希望和计划句型
(1)shouldliketo/wouldliketo/wouldlovetohavedonesomething.例:Youshouldliketohavewrittentoyourmother.
(2)expectintendhopemeanplanpromisesupposethinkwantwith…常用过去完成时态,在这些词后接宾语从句或者接不定式的一般形式;或者用一般过去时态后面接不定式的完成形式例IhadwantedtohelpedyouwithyourhomeworkbutIcouldn’tspareanytime.=Iwantedtohelped……
(3)wishthat……haddonesomething.表示过去未曾实现的愿望例Iwishhehadbeenhereyesterday.
(4)情态动词should/could/would/might/oughtto等后接不定式的完成时,表示Shouldhavedone=oughttohavedone本来应该做而没做Wouldhavedone本来就会去做某事而没做Couldhavedone本可以做某事而没做Mighthavedone本可以做而没做例Theyoughttohaveapologized.他们本该道歉的
13、倍数句型
(1)倍数+比较级+than……例Theroomistwicelargerthanthatone.这个房间是那个房间的两倍大
(2)倍数+as+原级+as……例Theroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.这个房间是那个房间的三倍
(3)倍数+thesize/height/length/weight/widthof例Theroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.这个房间是那个房间的3倍大
(4)a+谓语+倍数+what……例Theproductionnowisthreetimeswhatitwastenyearsago.
(5)其他例I’mtwice/doublehisage.
14、比较句型
(1)The+比较级+S+V,……the+比较级+S+V……The+more+Adj+S+V,……the+more+Adj+S+V……(越…越…)例Theharderyouworkthemoreprogressyoumake.Themorebooksyoureadthemorelearnedwebecome.
(2)more…than…与其说…倒不如说…例Smithismorediligentthanintelligent.与其说Smith聪明倒不如说他勤奋
(3)nomore…than…和…一样不…notmore…than……比不上…例Thisstarlooksnobrighterthanthatone.这颗星同那颗星一样暗淡Thisstardoesn’tlookbrighterthanone.这颗星没那颗星亮Ihavenomorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱最多不过五元(表明少)Ihavenotmorethanfiveyuaninmypocket.我口袋里的钱不多于5元(也许不到5元)
15、表猜测的句型
(1)musthavedonesomething.一定做过某事否定形式Cannothavedone例Shemusthavecomeherelastnight.Shecannothavegonethere.
(2)mayhavedonesomething.可能做过某事否定形式Maynothavedone.例Philipmayhavebeenhurtseriouslyinthecaraccident.
(3)mighthavedonesomething.或许做过某事否定形式Mightnothavedone.例Shemighthaveknownwhatthebottlecontained.
16、动词不定式常用句型
(1)Ittakessb..sometime/moneytodosomething.
(2)Itis+adj.+for/ofsb..todosomething.例ItwascarelessofTomtobreakthecup.
(3)sb..have/has/hadnochoicebuttodoSb..cannotchoose/helpbutdoSb..cannotbutdo例Wehadnochoicebuttotakeataxiforwe’dmissedthelastbus.
(4)It’snot/justlikesb..todosomething……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风例It’snotlikeJimtobelateforlass.Heregardstimeasthemostimportantthinginlife.
(5)形容词/副词+enoughtodosomething.例IwasfortunateenoughtotraveltoSouthAfrica.
(6)too…todo…(见句型8)
(7)so…astodo…例Willyoubesokindastogivemeahand
(8)onlytodo例Heliftedastoneonlytodropitontohisownfoot.
(9)doallhecouldtodosomething/dowhathecouldtodosomething/doeverythinghecouldtodo例Theyweredoingeverythingtheycouldtohelpthefatherland.
17、动名词常用句型
(1)havetrouble/difficulty/ahardtime/adifficulttimeindoingsomething.做某事有困难例Peoplefromthetwocountriesdonothaveanydifficultyinunderstandingeachother.
(2)upon/ondoingsomething.一…就…例Uponhearingtheunexpectednewshewassosurprisedthathecouldn’tsayaword.
(3)Thereisno/somedifficulty/troubleindoingsomething.例Thereisnodifficultyinsolvingthissocialproblem.
(4)Itisnouse/goodindoingsomething.例Itisnousecryingoversplitmilk.
(5)spend/wastesometime/money/energydoing
(6)Itisawasteoftime/money/energydoing例ItisawasteoftimewatchingTVprogrammeasthis.
18、虚拟语气的重点句型
(1)与过去事实相反If+haddonesomethingS+could/would/might/should+havedone例IfthemanhadpointedwithhisfirstfingerwhilehewasinBruneieveryonewouldinthoughtthathewasveryrude.
(2)与现在事实相反If+were/动词过去式,S+would/could/might/should+do例IfIwereinyourpositionIwouldcallthepoliceimmediately.
(3)与将来事实相反If+were/动词过去式,s+would/could/might/should+doWereto……Should……例IfIhadshouldhavetimetomorrowIwouldcertainlyhelpyou.
(4)虚拟条件句中的倒装例Shoulditrainthecropswouldgrowbetter.Werehetoactlikethatagainhewouldbefined.Haditnotbeenforthecaptaintheshipwouldhavesunk.
(5)butfor…ifitwerenotfor…/ifithadn’tbeenfor例Butforthedeterminedcaptionallthepassengersonboardwouldn’tbeensaved.=Ifithadn’tbeenforthecaption……Butforyourrichparentsyouwouldn’tlivesuchaeasylife.=Ifitwereforyourrichparents……
19、notuntil句型
(1)陈述句notuntil直到…才…例LastnightIdidn’tgotobeduntil11o’clock.
(2)强调句Itwasn’tuntilthat直到…才…例Itwasn’tuntilyesterdaythatIgotyourletter
(3)倒装句Notuntildid直到…才…例NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.
20、onlyif与ifonly的区别Ifonly…!=HowIwish……!若是……该多好啊!Onlyif=if引导条件状语从句
(1)谓语动词用过去式表示现在例IfonlyIknewhisname!要是我知道他的名字该多好啊!
(2)谓语动词用过去完成时表示过去例Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice.要是我采纳你的意见就好了!
(3)谓语动词用could/would表示将来例IfonlyIcouldseehimagain.Ifonlyshewouldacceptmyinvitation!Itoldhimhewouldsucceedonlyifhetriedhard.
21、让步状语从句
(1)adj./n/adv.+as/though+subject+beS+V……例Richasourcountryisthequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.
(2)whetherornot例:Whetheryoulikeitornotyouwillhavetodoit.
(3)evenif/though例Eveniftheexerciseisverydifficultyoumustdoit.
(4)疑问句+ever=nomatter+疑问词例Whoeverbreaksthelawwillcertainlybepunished.Howevergreatthedifficultyiswecanovercomeit.
22、反常规的冠词位置句型
(1)so/as/that/too/how+a/an+n例Heisasgoodastudentasyou.他和你一样是个好学生Thisistoodifficultaproblemforme.对我来说这是一个太难的问题Youcanhardlyimaginehowcleveraboyheis.
(2)quite/rather/what/such/many+a/an+adj+n例Shesangquiteabeautifulsong.Hewassuchafoolastobelievewhatshesaid.
(3)all/both/half/twicethe+n例Allthestudentsinherclasslikeherverymuch.
23、表示最高级的句型
(1)Nothingis+比较级thanto+VNothingis+more+形容词+thanto+V例Nothingismoreimportanttoreceiveeducation.
(2)比较级+than+anyother+名词单数比较级+than+anythingelse/anyoneelse比较级+than+anyoftheothers例Bambooprobablyhasmoreusesthananyotherplantintheworld.
(3)否定词+比较级Itcannotbeworse.Icannotagreeanymore.
(4)cannever/cannot/canhardly与too、toomuch、enough、over无论怎样都不过分例Whileyouaredoingyourhomeworkyoucannotbecarefulenough.Heissuchagreatmanthatwecannotpraisehimtoomuch.WilliamHartleywashandsomedeterminedandhardworkinginawordIcouldn’tthoughttoohighlyofhim.ThedevelopmentofsocietyhasmadeitnecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishsowecannotoveremphasizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.
(5)bethebest例ThisisthelastthingIwanttodo.
24、特殊的条件句
(1)suppose/supposing/assuming假如……例Supposeheisabsentwhatshallwedo
(2)providedthat/providing=as/solongas=conditionthat只要……例IwillcomeprovideIamwellenough.Youmaygooutprovidingyoudoyourhomeworkfirst.
(3)giventhat/considering+n/that考虑到……例GivenherinterestinchildrenIamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.Giventhatsheisinterestinginchildren……
(4)祈使句+and+陈述句(表示肯定)例Givehimaninchandhe’lltakeamile.得寸进尺Ifyougivehimaninchhe’lltakeamile.OnemorehourandIcanfinishthetask
(5)祈使句+or/otherwise+陈述句(表示否定)例Startatonceoryou’llmissthetrain.=Ifyoudon’tstartatonce……=Unlessyoustartatonceyouwillmissthetrain.
(6)…won’t…unless…例Iwon’twritetohimunlesshewritestomefirst.
25、time句型
(1)thefirsttime引导的状语从句例IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.
(2)thenexttime引导的状语从句例Theharvestwillhavebeengotinthenexttimeyoucome.
(3)thelasttime引导的状语从句例WhatwasthenameofthehotelhehadstayedinthelasttimehewasinCairo
(4)eachtime/everytime引导的状语从句例Everytimeyougetbackatnightyoudropyourshoesonthefloor.
(5)Itisthefirsttime+从句(完成时态)例ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.
(6)Itishightimethatsb..didshoulddosomething.该……的时候了例Itishightimethatwewenttotheclassroom.
(7)bythetime+从句就在……时候;到……时候为止例BythetimehegotbackhisfatherhadflewtoAmerica.
(8)It’stimeforsb..todosomething.例Itistimeformetologoff.
26、几种重要的倒装句型
(1)only倒装例Onlywithhardworkcanyouexpecttogetapayrise.OnlywhenhetoldmeaboutthenewsdidIknowthetruth.
(2)so倒装例Sopreciousistimethatwecannotaffordtowasteit.
(3)such倒装例Suchwasthestoryhetold.Suchawell-knownmanishethateveryonewantstotakeaphotowithhim.
(4)含有否定意义的词组提前(little、never、seldom、hardly、rarely、nosooner、atnotime、nomeans、innocase、onnocondition/account…)例Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.
(5)分词提前例Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungmenplayingcards.Gonearethedayswhenhecoulddowhathewantedto.
(6)介词短语提前Outsidetheclassroomstoodanoldman.
(7)notonlybutso倒装句例Notonlywasthecitypollutedbutthestreetswerecrowded.
27、表示“也,同样”的句型
(1)too用于肯定例Ilikethebooktoo.
(2)also用于陈述句例ShealsospeaksalittleItalian.
(3)either用于否定句例PetercannotgoandIcannotgoeither.
(4)so用于肯定的倒装句例YouspeakEnglishwellsodoeshe.
(5)neither/nor用于否定的倒装句例Ihaveneverheardofsuchathing.Neitherhasshe.
(6)aswell用于句末例HeknowsGermanaswell.
(7)soitis/waswith=soitis/wasthesamewith.例JackisastudentandstudiesinChina.SoitiswithGreen.
28、with复合结构(作状语或定语从句)
(1)with+n+adj.Hestaredatmewithhismouthopen.
(2)with+n+adv.Theboystoodtherewithhisheaddown.
(3)with+n+介词短语Hestoodwithhishandinhispocket.
(4)with+n+todoWithnoonetotalktoJohnfeltmiserable.
(5)with+n+doingWithpricesgoingupsofastwecannotaffordluxuries.
(6)with+n+doneWithhereyesfixedontheoppositewallshedidnotanswerimmediately
(7)with+n+nTheworkforceismadeupof400workerswithmostofthemwomen.
29、几个难掌握的主语从句和宾语从句
(1)Youmaytakewhatever=anything/everythingthatyoulike.
(2)Youmaytakewhichever=anyseatyoulike.
(3)Whoever=anyonewhocutsthetreesdownmustbepunished.
(4)Youmaygivethenotetowhomever=anyonewhomyoumeetattheoffice.
30、使用过去完成时和现在完成时的常用句型
(1)since句型主句用完成时例Myaunthasworkedinaclinicsince
1949.Sincewhenhaveyouplantedsomanyyoungtrees
(2)Thisisthefirsttimesb.Havedonesomething.例ThisisthefirsttimeIhavebeenhere.
(3)by……(到…为止…)到过去某个时候为止用过去完成时,到现在为止用现在完成时……例Shewillhavefinishedthebookbymynextbirthday.Byeleveno’clockyesterdaywehadarrivedattheairport.比较Bythetimethespeakerenteredthehallallthelistenerswereseated.
(4)inthepasttime+过去完成时例Inthepast10yearstherehavebeengreatchangesinourfamilylife.
(5)hardlywhennosooner…than句型用过去完成时例HardlyhadIreachedtheschoolwhenthebellrang.
(6)未实现的愿望、打算等用过去完成时例IhadthoughtIcouldpassthefinalexaminationbutIfailed.
31、必须背诵的Therebe句型
(1)Thereisnodenyingtat+S+V(不可否认的…)例Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.
(2)Thereisnodoubtthat……毫无疑问的例:Thereisnodoubtthathealthisbetterthanwealth.
(3)Thereisnopointin…………是没有意义的例Thereisnopointingettingangrywhenthingshavehappened.
(4)Thereisnoway…………绝不可能例Thereisnowayonecouldsucceedwithouthardwork.
(5)Thereisnoneedtodosomething.例Thereisnoneedtomendingthebrokencar.
(6)Thereissomedifficulty/troubleindoingsomething.例Thereisnotroubleinsellingthecar.
(7)Thereisnochance/hope/possibilityofdoing例ThisisachancethatIwillbechosenfortheteam与此句型相似
(8)therebe结构的非谓语形式有两种therebeing和theretobe例Don’twaitfortheretobeachanceinyourlife.DoyouexpecttheretobeagreatchangeinyourcareerItisnecessaryfortheretobegreatpatienceinteaching.Noisnecessaryfortheretobealecturethefollowingday.
(9)Therebe句型的独立主格结构状语(有连词,用句子,没有连词,用独立结构)例Therebeingnobuseswehadtowalkhome.=Becausetherewerenobuseswehadtowalkhome.Therehavingbeennorainforalongtimethecropsinthefielddied.=Becausetherehadbeennorainforalongtimethecropsinthefielddied.
(10)therebe结构中可以插入一些成分,如seemto、happento、islikelyto;还可以用remain、stand、lie、go、exist、follow、live、come、occur等来替换例Thereseemstobeahunterintheforest.Therestandsatowerinthecenterofthecity.TherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomwhenIcamein.Thereusedtobeabusstationatthecornerofthestreet.Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanexpectedwhilewearecarryingouttheplan.Therelivesafamilyofliveinthevillage.Thereremainsnothingmoretobedone.
32、有关It的几个特殊句型
(1)oweittosb.that……把…归功于…例IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.
(2)takeitforgrantedthat……想当然例Itakeitforgrantedthattheywillsupportthisidea.
(3)keepitinmindthat例Itmustbekeptinmindthatthereisnosecretofsuccessbuthardwork.
(4)ithasturnedoutthat…有人已经证实……例Ithasturnedoutthathistheoryisright.
(5)It’snouse/good…doing…例It’snousecryingoverthespiltmilk.覆水难收
(6)Itiswastedoftimedoingsomething.例Itiswastedoftimeyourtalkingtohim
(7)It’sawonder难得;奇怪的是例Itiswonderyourecognizedme
(8)Itisnowonder难怪;并不奇怪;当然例Nowonderheisnothungryhehasbeensweetsallday.
(9)itisuptosb.todosomething该由某人做某事
(10)itremainstobedone+从句某事有待去做例Travelingisgoodforthecouplebutitremainstobeseenwhethertheyenjoyit.Therearemanyproblemsremainingtobesettled.
(11)whenitcomesto…当谈到…例WhenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehouseworkJohnnevercomplains.
(12)It用在不能直接跟宾语从句动词后面,尤其是表示好恶的动词后enjoy、like、love、dislike、resent、hate、appreciate、don’tmind、befondof、feellike、seeto、dependon宾语从句紧跟it之后例IwouldappreciateitifyoucallmebackthiseveningYoumaydependingonitthatshewillpullthroughandjoinussoon.
(13)it不能直接做介词宾语时,宾语从句紧跟it之后例Iamforitthatyouwillfollowtheiradvice.。