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ThetraditionalandnewAbstractItsusefulnessandbeauty--creationofformandbeauty--traditionalbeauty--beautybeyondtheaccumulationgenerationItsusefulnessandfunctionalbeautyanditspropertiesFunctionofbeautyisusefulin__rtainconditionsandtransformedintoincluding:improvingthetransfor__tionofbeauty--fulleffectivenessisreasonableandperfectsuchasthevalidityofthereasonablestructureand__terialandengineeringalthoughnottothelawsoftheUnitedStatesasaconstraintbutprobablybecauseofthelawsoftheUnitedStatesintorationality.Fromthefunctionofbeautyinlightofthephenomenonthattheessen__ofitsothatwecanmoredeeplyunderstandthebeauty.Firstofallitisthenaturalbeautyofasimilarnaturebeauty.Secondlythepracticalpurposeoffunctionalbeautybygreattraction.Functiontoachievethepurposefunctionofbeautycanbeachieved.Completewithartisticbeautystandardstomeasureproductdesignitisoftendifficulttodrawtheconclusionthat.Similarly______useand__rtainhu__n__terialneedssuppliesisbeautifulgenerallydoesnotaffecttheuse.ThirdUnitedStatesalsohasasocialfunction.Productscontainingthefunctionbeautycannotaffectedbysocialproductivitydevelopmentandaestheticpsychologyhistoricallimitations.Functionofbeautyisasocialcon__ptitisnotpossibletobeyondthelimitationsofhistorythesebelongtonontraditionalartisticbeauty.FunctionofbeautyisnotusefultobothbeautyFunctionofbeautyisnotusefultobothbeautyThefunctionofbeautyasbeautyoftechnologyfullo__ectivedeniedthattheaestheticvalueoftherelativeindependen__theexclusionofformbeauty.Thespecificmeaningoftransfor__tioniswhatFirstofallthisconversiondependsonthe__inbodytotakeaestheticattitudeaestheticattitudeisselectiveaestheticsaestheticvalueisnotpurelyo__ectivenotsu__ectivebuttheunityofo__ectiveandsu__ective.Generallyspeakingpassiveaestheticfeelingsdoesnotrequirespecializedtrainingbutanypersonintheutilitarianpurposeandsocialconditionstheaesthetico__ectsalwaysh__eachoi__.Secondlytheneedtotransformitillustratestheuseofvalueandaestheticvaluearenotcompletelythesametheyaretheunityofopposites.Usevaluebringsurvivalconditionsandcanbringtheenjoymentofthe__terial.Aestheticenjoymentiscareinenjoymentthiswordismostlyusedinthevisualartsandappreciationappreciationofdifferent.Theexhibitionwillh__eenoughspa__monumenttothebroadfieldofvisionistoh__easufficientdistan__tocarethewholebodyvisibleo__ect.Atthesametime______useand__rtainhu__n__terialneedssuppliesisbeautifulgenerallydoesnotaffecttheuse.Usevalueandaestheticvaluecannotbesubstitutedforeachother.Themoderndesignideaistheextremeimportan__oftheirunityisnotfunctionalnotaesthetici__.4-2-3creationformandbeautyofformandcontentisarelativecon__ptcontentorganizationformisthecontentofeachpartofthecombinationmode.Everythinghasaformaestheticformreferstotheaesthetico__ectofthewholefeelingisisalsoconsideredauditoryortactileper__ptionoftheentityisthecontentofthebeingofbeauty.Function:thebeingofbeautyisthetechnologyofbeautifulformthebeautyofform.Aisanythingallhastheformoneiscontentbeautyrelativebeautyofform.Creationofcontentusuallyunderstoodasusefulness.Soinordertoachieveusefulformisthepremiseofthestructureform.Structuralformsareofteninfluen__dbythefunctionalpurposeofstrictrestrictionseachpartasfaraspossibleefficienteconomywasintegratedintoaworkingwhole.Formforthecontentthatrelativeindependen__Theso-calledrelativeindependen__referstotheformcanbecomeindependentofthedesignelementsbutintheenditisdifficultfromthecontent.Hebelievesthatafunctionhasavarietyofformsofpointofviewbutheisagainstfunctiondeterminesform.Consumerproductsofdifferentshapechangerequest.Weusethedegreeof_______anddefinitiontwocon__ptstosum__rizeo__ectivetimeOhdeeperformofdescriptionsofrelativeindependen__.1formsofthedegreesof_______ontheformofdegreesof_______theformof_______referstotheproductstructureandappearan__forthedesignertocontroltheextentof.The2formofdefinitionisfollowedbyaformofdefinitionformclearhightheappearan__oftheproductqualityrequirementsarehigh.4-2-2creationformcharacteristicsof1formsandcontentsharingacarriersuchas;aBook2formswithdistinctivevisualdescriptionofacreationofper__ptionoftendirectlytoitsformthatpre__dethecontenttoseeitsshapecolor.Whilethecontentissometimescrypticimplicationsoistheper__ption.3formmusth__equalityform__terialformisthephysicalformisthatpeoplecanper__iveformthebasicconditions.FromformtoformbeautyThebeautyofformbeautyinformofthequalityconnotationisveryrich:1thefunctionbeautybeauty--thedirectexpressionoftheformandthefunctionofthecom.istothethingitselfsomecharacteristicsofexternalakindofbeauty.ThetraditionalaestheticmeaningisactuallyreferstothetraditionalbeautycontainedinthespiritissaidbyLiZehoureasonandpassionhu__nnaturetheaestheticformoftheaccumulationofsocialcontent.1behandeddownfromagetoagestyleandstyleherereferstothosecontainingthetraditionalcultureartformandbecausetheprogramandbehandeddownfromagetoageanduniversality.ForexampleChineseancientetiquettebuilding.2reproductionoftheoriginalecologicalpattern.Thetraditionalbeautyofform1andform2andtheaestheticfunctionofthecorrespondingthingsrelatedtoformfromLeCorbusierabsorptionanddevelopmentofgoldsegmentationexamplescanbeseenclearlythetraditionalformofbeautyiswhatisrealindesign.Althoughwearenoteachdaytoseesuchaphenomenonbutitisimpossibletoignore.4-3modernbeautybeyonddesignrevolutiontriggeredbytheantitraditionalDesignrevolutiontriggeredbythetraditionaltrendofthought11decorationdecorativeworshipworshiptheso-calledloadedworshipreferstothedecorationcanbedetachedfromthefunctionoffreeexpansionfancycoatbecometheaesthetic__ino__ecteventhedecorationasthe__indesignnodecorationdesignisnotdesign.Thedevelopmentofmodernindustryandfullofdecorativeandinterestingdesign:firstthecontradictionbetweenthe__nualerathatcarvedtheshouldbelargequantitiesofproduction__chinesonlyexclusivedecorationwillh__ealargenumberofcheapproductsto__rket.Functionofworshipfunctionworshiptheso-calledfunctionalworshipreferstotheproductdesignaccordingtofunctionalneedsratherthandecorativeneedsinordertomeetthestudentscanrepelanydecorationproduction__chine.Trulyrealizethedesignmustemphasizefunctionand__chinesfortheproductionofthisprinciplethekeyfigures.Thedesignhastwocommoncharacteristics:theconsciousnessto__chineproductionorbatchproduction;twoprominentadaptationfunctionthus__desuccinct.They__kethenamespreadthroughouttheUnitedStatesandeurope.Themodernisticdesignpositiontoaccommodatethelargeindustrialproductionasthepremiseemphasizehigh-volumeproductionproductfunctionisgoodcheapinthefinal____ysisisamenabletofunctionnamelyformfollowsfunctionorformandfunctionofthehighdegreeofunitytheattendant______andunadornedgeometricstyleisverynaturalwithDecorworshipforthecharacteristicsofthetraditionaldesignhasalsobeencompletelysubvert.FormsofworshipTheformofworshiptheworshipofmoderni__designcanbeunderstoodasfunctionali__designmoderndesignandgoodatcoordinationfunctionanddesignofcoordinatingtherelationshipbetweenfunctionandform__kingthemreachaharmonious.Thereforeitisnotapurefunctionandalsonotthepureformtype.FromitsstructureandaestheticcharacteristicstheinternationalstylebuildingwaseventuallyreplacingitwiththeRenaissan__traditionistheopposite.1popart__sscultureisakindofpopulardemocracyand__chinearecombinedasoneoftheculture.2radicaleclectici__postmoderni__isaconstructionledspreadallareasofdesignthe__instreamstyle.Postmoderni__andmoderni__ofthefundamentaldifferen__inwhereInmodernsimplisticformcomplexandthereforedoesnothesitatetouseon__abandoneddecorationsymboli__butthedecorationismoderni__onthebasisofadditionalfeefor__tionofclassicalincongruouscontrasteffectsandseemsratherthantheexteriororinteriorspa__resultinginthemoderncoldcoagulationsoilboxtalentshowingitselfinthe.3uglybeauty3uglybeautyuglyisthenatureandcommonphenomenoninhu__nsocietyitisaviolationoftheaestheticstandardhindertheaestheticconsiderationclassicalbeautyuglinessasbeautyallthenegativestateandhu__nityevilcontact.Classicalartbasicallydoesnotac__ptuglyuglymodernartbecomesakindofaestheticfactorsmodernistartofuglinessbecomesnon-negligiblerole.Wecansum__rizetheevolutionlawofbeautyare:firsttheuglycanbetransformedintoabeautiful.Secondlythebeautyandtheuglyboundariesarenotfixed.Tosumup:theproofofdesignartinthebeautyofmoderni__designchallengeorsaytofunctiondeterminesformbeyond.Modernbeautymodernbeautybeyondthebeyondisreferstothetraditionalaesthetictrans__nden__.Modernaestheticcon__ptsalthoughthetraditionalviewfor__ternal-fetal.DesignrevolutiontriggeredbytheantitraditionalDesignrevolutiontriggeredbythetraditionaltrendofthoughtSin__twentieth__nturythemodernaestheticcon__ptsessentiallyeverythingandthetraditionalarelinkedbutunconventionalideafromwhereErlaiItisnotonlya__rginofnaturalphilosophyisalsofromtheedgeofaesthetics.Mechanicalrevolutionisactuallythedesignrevolutionintwentieth__nturyartisticcon__ptionisthecornerstoneoftheinnovationthemostcommonwordsinthe__ant-gardeandmodern.Thethoughtisthecoreofantitraditional.Ontheotherhandisthenewcon__ptofartthefeeddesign__kingitadeparturefromthetraditionaldesigncon__ptandhasthe__ant-gardeandmodernfeatures.Author:ZhugeKaiPublished:tenstressesinartdesign__到翻译结果重试抱歉,系统响应超时,请稍后再试支持中英、中日在线互译支持网页翻译,在输入框输入网页地址即可提供一键清空、__功能、支持双语对照查看,使您体验更加流畅美的传统与新生摘要人造物的有用性与功能美——人造物的形式与形式美——传统美的积淀——现代美的超越人造物的有用性与功能美和它的性质功能美是有用性在一定条件下转化而成的,包括完善转化的美——充分的有效性就是合理和完善,如有有效性相应的合理结构和材料加工,虽然不以美的规律为约束,但可能因为符合美的规律而转化为“合理性”从功能美的现象来看它的本质,可以使我们更深刻认识这种美首先,功能美是自然美性质相近的美其次,功能美受实用目的的极大牵引功能目的实现以后,功能美才能实现完全用艺术美的标准去衡量设计产品,往往很难得出结论同样,单纯的使用价值与人的某种物质需求相关,用品是否美观一般不影响使用第三,功能美还具有社会性产品内含的功能美不能不受社会生产力发展和审美心理历史内容的局限功能美是一个社会性的概念,它不可能超越___局限,这些已属于非传统的艺术美功能美不是“有用既美”功能美不是“有用既美”把功能美作为技术美的全部,客观否认了审美价值的相对__性,排斥了形式美“转化”的具体含意是什么呢?首先,这一转化取决于主体采取审美态度,而审美态度是有选择性的,美学中,审美价值不是纯客观,也不是纯主观的,而是主客观的统一一般来说,被动的审美__不需要专门的训练,但任何人在功利目的和社会条件制约下,对审美对象总有所选择其次,即需要转化,就说明使用价值和审美价值不是完全同一的,它们是对立的统一体使用价值给人带来生存的条件,进而可以带来物质享受审美享受是“关照里的享受”,这一词大多用于视觉艺术,而且与鉴赏、欣赏不同画展要有足够的空间,纪念碑更需要广阔的视野,就是使关照者有足够的距离,看得见对象的整体同时,单纯的使用价值与人的某种物质需求相关,用品是否美观一般不影响使用使用价值和审美价值不能互相取代现代设计观念却极端重视它们的统一,既不是功能主义的,也不是唯美主义的4-2-3人造物的形式与形式美形式是与内容相对的概念,是内容的组织形式,是内容各部分的组合方式任何事物都有形式,美学中的形式,是指审美对象的整个感觉实在,也就是视、听或触觉感知的实体,是内容美的存在方式功能美的存在方式,就是技术美的形式,即形式美一个是任何事物都有形式,一个是内容美相对的形式美人造物的内容,一般都理解为“有用性”那么,形式就是以实现有用性为前提的结构形式结构形式往往受功能目的严格限制,各部分尽可能经济、高效地结合为一个可以运转的整体形式对于内容否认相对__性所谓相对__,就是指形式可以成为__的设计要素,但最终难以脱离的内容他认为一种功能有多种形式的观点,但他__“功能决定形式”消费者对不同产品形式变化的要求不一样我们用“自由度”和“清晰度”两个概念来加以概括,目的时间哦更深入地说明形式的相对__性
1.形式的自由度关于形式的“自由度”,形式的自由度,指产品结构和外观可供设计者支配的程度
2.形式的清晰度其次是形式的“清晰度”,形式的清晰高,对产品外观品质的要求也高4-2-2人造物形式的特征
1.形式必须与内容共享一个载体比如;一本书籍
2.形式具有鲜明的直观性观照者对一件人造物的感知,往往先直观到它的形式,即先于内容看到它的形状、色彩而内容有时是隐蔽的、意蕴的,所以是后感知的
3.形式必需有质量的形体物质的形式就是物质的形式,是人能感知形式的基本条件从形式到形式美形式美的品质形式美的内涵十分丰富
(1)本之美——功能美的直接表露形式,与功能的发挥融为一体,是以事物本身的某种性质表现外部的一种美传统美的内在意涵实际上就是指传统美所内含的精神,就是李泽厚所说的理智而__的“人性”、审美形式所积淀的社会内容
1.代代相传的“样式”“样式”在这里专指那些蕴含传统文化的艺术形式,并因为程序化和代代相传而普遍性比如中国的古代礼制建筑
2.“再现”原生态的样式传统美的外在形式
1.与功能相应事物形制
2.与审美相关的形式从勒柯布西耶吸收和发展黄金分割的事例可以清楚地看到,传统美的形式的确参透在现实设计中虽然我们不会每日每时都看到这样的现象,但它存在却是无法忽视的4-3现代美的超越设计__引发的“反传统”设计__引发的“反传统”思潮
1.“装饰崇拜”
1.“装饰崇拜”所谓“装崇拜”就是指装饰可以脱离功能自由膨胀,花哨的外衣成为审美主要对象,甚至把装饰看成设计的主体,没有装饰的设计就不是设计现代工业的发展和充满装饰趣味的设计之间矛盾首先,手工时代那种精雕细刻难以适应大批量的机器生产,只有排斥装饰才会有大批廉价产品推向市场功能崇拜崇拜”“功能崇拜”所谓“功能崇拜”,是指产品设计按照实用功能的需要而不是装饰的需要,为适应机器生产可以排斥任何装饰真正实现设计必须强调功能和机器生产这一原则的关键人物这些设计都有两个共同特点意识便于机器生产或批量生产;二是突出适应功能因而造型简洁它们使包豪斯之名传遍欧美现代主义的设计立场以适应大工业生产为前提,强调大批量生产、产品功能良好、廉价,归根到底是服从功能,也就是“形式服从功能”或“形式与功能的高度统一”,随之而产生简洁而无装饰的几何风格就很自然,以“装饰崇拜”为特征的传统设计也被彻底__形式崇拜”“形式崇拜”的崇拜现代主义设计可以理解为“功能主义”设计,现代主义的设计善于协调功能与设计善于协调功能与形式的关系,使它们达到一种“和谐”因此,它即不是纯功能的,也不是纯形式的“从它的结构上与审美上的特点来看,国际风格的建筑同最终被它替代的文艺复兴时期的传统是对立的”
1.波普风大众文化是一种流行、__和机器结合为一体的文化
2.激进的折衷“后现代主义”则是一种以建筑为首,波及各个设计领域、反主流的风格后现代主义与现代主义的根本差异在哪里?就在于现代主义简单化的形式复杂化,因而不惜使用曾经被放弃的装饰、象征手法,但这种装饰是现代主义基础上附加,形成费费古典的、不协调的对比效果和是似而非的外观或内部空间,从而在现代主义冷漠的混凝土方块中脱颖而出
3.“丑的美”
3.“丑的美”丑是自然界和人类社会中普遍存在的现象,它违反审美规范、妨碍审美关照,古典美学把丑作为美的否定状态,并与人性的“恶”相__古典艺术基本上不接受丑,近代艺术中丑成为一种美学因素,现代派艺术中丑成为不可忽视的主角从中我们也可以归纳出美丑间互相演变的规律首先,丑可以转化为美其次,美与丑的界限不是固定不变的综上所述证明设计艺术中“丑与美”是对现代主义设计的挑战,或者说是对“功能决定形式”的超越现代美的超越现代美的超越是指对传统美的超越现代审美观念虽然以传统观为母胎设计__引发的“反传统”设计__引发的“反传统”思潮__世纪以来的产生的现代审美观念,从本质来看一切都与“反传统”有__,但“反传统”的观念又从何而来?它既是非缘自然哲学,也是非缘自美学机械__实际上就是设计__,在__世纪,艺术观念的基石是“革新”,最常见的词汇是“前卫”和“现代”这些思想的核心就是“反传统”另一方面,则是新的艺术观念“反哺”设计,使它背离传统的设计观念而具有“前卫”和“现代”的特点__诸葛锴发表《设计艺术学十讲》。