还剩4页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
第17讲宾语从句高职考纲中宾语从句测试的重点是掌握宾语从句的基本用法
1.掌握宾语从句的各不同引导词的用法
2.掌握宾语从句的语序
3.掌握宾语从句中,主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应
4.掌握由it作形式宾语的宾语从句1.宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中作宾语,从句放在主句谓语动词(及物动词),介词或某些形容词之后,前后不用逗号分开如Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.ShewasinterestedinwhatIsaid.
二、宾语从句的引导词
1、由连词that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如saythinkhopeseebelieveexpecthear等动词后连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略Hesaysthathisfatherisaboss.注意事项许多带复合宾语的句子,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部,而用it作形式宾语如Ifinditne__ssarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.
2、由连词if、whether引导的宾语从句表示“是否……”Whetherif在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if可以替换,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的Iwonderwhetheriftheywillcometoour_____.当whether与ornot连用时whether不可换用if在介词后面只能用whether,不能用if在动词不定式之前,只能用whether,不能用ifHedoesntknowwhethertostayornot.
3、由wh-引导的宾语从句连接代词whowhomwhosewhatwhich和连接副词whenwherewhyhow等连接的宾语从句,它们在句中既有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分Doyouknowwhichfilmtheyaretalkingaboutwhich在从句中做定语 Idon’tknowwherehelives.where在从句中做地点状语
三、宾语从句的语序宾语从句属于名词性从句,它的语序必须是陈述语序,即连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分如Ibelievethattheywillcomesoon. HeaskedmewhetherIwasateacher. Theywantedtoknowwhattheycandoforus.
四、宾语从句的时态宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,从句根据实际情况而定主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态如Shesaysthatsheisastudent.Shesaidthatshewasastudent.ShesaysthatshewillflytoJapaninaweek.ShesaidthatshewouldflytoJapaninaweek.Shesaysthatshehasfinishedherhomeworkalready.Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomeworkalready.注意事项如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态如Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.HetoldmethatJapanisanislandcountry.Couldyou____me…是用来征询对方___,语气委婉,并不表示过去如Couldyou____mewhenwewillvisitthefarm五.其他常见用法否定转移问题在think,believe,suppose,consider等动词所跟的宾语从句中,如果从句表示的是否定意义,一般要将否定词移至主句的谓语上,而将从句变为肯定形式如I’msorrybutIdon’tthinkIknowyou.很抱歉,我想我并不认识你Idon’tbelievethatthe__niskilledbyJim.我认为那个人不是吉姆所杀的例1(2008年,陕西)Heaskedme______wecouldgotoBeijingtowatchthegamebyplane.A.thatB.ifC.howD.what[解析]考查宾语从句引导词根据主句可以推出宾语从句表达的是不确定的语气,所以排除选项A;宾语从句中没有缺少与how和what相对应的句子成分,故本题应选B例2(2008年,湖北武汉)—Doyouknow____—SorryIdontknow. A.wheredoesJimmyworkB.whereJimmyworks C.howdoesJimmygotoworkD.whatdoesJimmydo[解析]考查陈述句语序A、C、D用的是疑问句语序,所以该题的正确答案应为B例3(2008年,北京)—Doyouknow____forShanghailastnight—At9:
00.A.whattimehele__esB.whattimedoeshele__eC.whattimeheleftD.whattimedidhele__e[解析]考查陈述句语序和时态根据语序,可以排除选项B和D,从时间状语lastnight可以推断宾语从句应该使用一般过去时,故本题的正确答案是C例4(2009年,浙江平湖)Ithink_____bestthatyoushouldstayhere.A.this B.that C.it D.what[解析]考查it引导的形式宾语that后面引导的是宾语从句,it起形式宾语的作用,thisthatwhat都不能作形式宾语,故本题的正确答案是C例5(2010年,浙江杭州)Lindasaidthemoon______roundtheearth.A.tr__elledB.hastr__elledC.hadtr__elledD.tr__ells[解析]考查时态宾语从句表达的是事实真理时,用一般现在时,故本题的正确答案是D例62009年嘉兴Insomewesterncountries,whenyouhearsomethinglikeaninvitationlistencarefullyto__kesure_____itisarealinvitationornot.A.ifB.whetherC.weatherD.that[解析]考查宾语从句引导词句意“在一些西方国家,当你听到像邀请之类的东西你要仔细听来确定是否是一个真正的邀请”宾语从句表达的是一个不确实的事,且后面有ornot,故本题的正确答案是B例72010年宁波Wedon’tbelievethattheywillcometomorrow_________A.doweB.don’tweC.willtheyD.won’tthey[解析]考查宾语从句的否定转移真正的否定意义在从句,这种否定前移的宾语从句,在变成反意疑问句时,反意疑问句的主谓语要与从句一致本题的正确答案是C
1.Ifind_______strange_______shedoesn’twanttotr__el.A.itthatB.thatthatC.itwhatD.thatwhat------2004年高职考试题[解析]考查it作形式宾语真正的宾语从句不缺what对应的成分,故本题正确答案为A2.Noonecanbesure_______inamillionyears.A.__nwilllooklikewhatB.whatwill__nlooklikeC.what__nwilllooklikeD.whatlookwill__nlike------2004年高职考试题3.Please____us_______totheScien__Museum.A.howcanwereachB.howwecanreachC.howcanwegetD.howwecanget------20005年高职考试题[解析]第
2.3两题考查宾语从句的语序与getto短语2题正确答案为C,3题正确答案为D
4.—Mikewantstoknowifapicnictomorrow.—YesButifitwe’llvisitthefamouscompanyinstead.A.youwillh__erainsB.youwillh__ewillrainC.youh__ewillrainD.willyouh__erains------20005年高职考试题[解析]本题考查在宾语从句和条件状语中的不同用法第一个if位于及物动词后面,所以引导的是宾语从句,时间是tomorrow,用将来时态;第二个if引导的是条件状语从句,用一般现在时代替将来时,故本题的正确答案是A
4..Doyouknowwhen______Ohit’sonDe__mber1st.A.theWorldAIDSdayare.BaretheWorldAIDSDay.C.theWorldAIDSDayisD.istheworldAIDSDay.------2009年高职考试题[解析]考查宾语从句的语序与主谓一致theWorldAIDSDay作主语,是单数概念,一个日子,正确答案为C
5.Emilycouldn’tfindherkey.Shedidn’tremember_________.A.whatitwasB.wherewasitC.whatwasitD.whereitwas------2010年高职考试题[解析]考查宾语从句的语序和引导词从句中缺少表示地点的表语,正确答案为D
一、单项填空
1.Hesays______hewillgoskatingtomorrow.A.whatB.thatC.ifD.how
2.一Couldyouplease____me_______一IliveinHangzhouZhejiang.A.wheredoyouliveB.ifyouliveinGuilinC.whereyouliveD.whereyouwereborn
3.Noone____sus______soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.howweshoulddoD.whatshouldwedo
4.Myphysicsteachersaidthatlight________fasterthansound.A.tr__elsB.tr__elC.tr__elledD.tr__elling
5.Theysaidthatthey______inaweek.A.willcomebackB.wouldcomebackC.comebackD.Cameback
6.Couldyou____me_______wearegoingmountainhikingtomorrowornotA.whetherB.ifC.whenD.where
7.Idontknow____.A.whichroomIcanlive B.whichroomcanIliveC.whichroomIcanlivein D.whichroomcanIlivein
8. Idon’tknowifit______________tomorrowIfit_____________I’llnotgofishing.A.rains;rains B.Rains;willrain C.willrain;rains D.willrain;willrain
9.Doyouremember_______yousaidatthemeetingA.whenB.whereC.thatD.what
10.Lucysaidshe____suchabeautifulpie__ofmusicbefore.A.hasn’theardB.hadn’theardC.doesn’thearD.didn’thear
二、用合适的连接词填空
1.Jimtoldme_________hedidntgofishingyesterdayafternoon.(whenwhy)
2.Doyouknow________elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?(whowhom)
3.Shesaid_______itwouldnt__ttermuch.(thatwhat)
4.Healwaysthinks_______hecandobetter.(howwho)
5.Ireallydontknow________thebridgewillbefinished.(howlonghowsoon)
6.Theydontknow_______togoorwait.ifwhether
7.Theydontknow_______theirparentsare.wherewhen
8.Iwasreallysurprisedat_______Isaw.thatwhat
9.Idontknow_______wayIshouldtake.whichwhere
10.Doyouknow______youarestudyingforwhywhat
三、用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.Wearesurethathe________gotoschooltomorrow.
2.Doyouknowwho______bethefirst__ntowalkonthemoon
3.Couldyou____mewherethepostoffi________is
4.Ourfathersaidthathe_______willbuyanewcomputer.
5.Ihearthathe_______swimintheseayesterday.
6.Thelittleboy____suswherehisfather_______work.
7.Hesaidthathe_________finishhisworkalready.
8.Theythoughttheycould_______hiketothetopofthemountain.
9.Hewasgladthatso__nypeople_____helphimwhenhewasintrouble.
10.Shedoesn’tknowwhether________goorwait.一.填入适当的单词完成句子1.DoesMr.BrownenjoylivinginChina?Couldyou____us?Couldyou____us_________Mr.Brown_________livinginChina?2.Whendoesthetrainle__e?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_________thetrain_________.
3.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstoknow_________Peter_________hereyesterday.
4.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.(改为否定句)I_______________this________agoodidea.
5.HehasbeentoBei___gbefore.Hesaid_______he______beentoBei___gbefore.二.把下列句子改写成宾语从句
1.Youwereillyesterday.Ihear…_______________________________________________________________________________
2.HowoldisheHedoesntknow…_______________________________________________________________________________
3.H__etheyfinishedtheexperimentIwanttoknow…_______________________________________________________________________________
4.DoesyouruncleliveinNan___gIamnotsure…_______________________________________________________________________________
5.WhowillcometoseeusCouldyou____us…_______________________________________________________________________________
6.Thedaysarelongerthanthenightsinsummer.Myfathertoldme…_______________________________________________________________________________参考答案基础训练
一、单项填空
1.B.
2.C.
3.B.
4.A
5.B.
6.A
7.C.
8.C.
9.D
10.B
二、用合适的连接词填空
1.why
2.who
3.that
4.how
5.howsoon
6.whether
7.where
8.what
9.which
10.what
三、用所给动词的正确形式填空
1.willgo
2.was
3.is
4.would
5.swam
6.works.
7.hadfinished
8.hike
9.helped
10.togo提高训练一.填入适当的单词完成句子
1.whetherifenjoys
2.whenle__es
3.Whetherifcame
4.don’tthinkis
5.thathad二.把下列句子改写成宾语从句
1.Ihearthatyouwerewillyesterday.
2.Hedoesn’tknowhowoldheis.
3.Iwanttoknowiftheyh__efinishedtheexperiment.
4.IamnotsureifyourunclelivesinNan___g.
5.Couldyou____uswhowillcometoseeus
6.Myfathertoldmethatthedaysarelongerthanthenightsinsummer.第二部分语法知识考点解读知识链接例题精析高职考链接真题基础训练提高训练。