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一.表示否定的前缀1.dis-加在名词、形容词,动词之前disadvantage(缺点)dishonorable(不光彩的)disagree(不同意)2.in-加在形容词,名词之前incorrect(不正确的),inability(__,无力),inaccurate(不准确的)3.im-加在字母mbp之前impossible(不顺能的),impolite(不礼貌的),impuden__(厚颜__)4.il-加在以1开头的词前illegal(非法的),illiterate(文盲的,无文化的)illogical(不合逻辑的)5.ir-加在以r开头的词前irregular(不稳定的),irresistable(不可抵抗的),irresolvable(不能分解的,不能解决的)6.un-加在名词,形容词,副词之前unfinished(未完成的)undoubted(无疑的)unemployment(失业)7.non-加在形容词,名词前non-existen__(不存在),non-essential(不主要的),non-electrical(非电的)8.mis-加在动词、名词之前misunderstand(误解),misjudge(误判),misleading(误导),misfortune(不幸)9.dis-加地动词之前disappear(消失),disarm(解除武装),disconnect(失去__)10.de-加在名词,形容词之前demobilize遣散;使…复员decolor脱色漂白11.anti-加在名词、形容词之前anti-Japanese(__战争),anti-social(厌恶社会的,___的),antidite(解毒药)12.counter-加在名词、动词前counterattack(__,反击),counteract(抵抗,阻碍)counterrevolution(反__)二.表示“前before”的前缀1.pre-precon__ption(成见),pre-exsiting(先于……而存在的),pre-selection(选举前的)prefa__(前言)2.Ante-anteroom(前室,接待室),ante__ssor(先行者,先驱者)3.Fore-forehaed(前额),foreground(前景),fore__n(工头,领班),foresee(预见,先见),fore____(预言)4.Pro-programme(计划),prologue(序幕)5.Ex-ex-president(前任总统)ex-wife(前妻)三.表示“后-post”的前缀1.post-post-war(战后),post-position(后置词),postmeridian(下午)四.表示“低”、“下”的前缀1.Hypo-Hypocrisy(伪善,虚伪),hypothesis(假设),pypocholoride(次氯酸盐)2.Infra-Infra-red(红外线),infrahu__n(低于人类的),infrasonic(亚声的,次声的)3.Sub-Sub-editou(副编辑),sub-way(地铁),sub-conscious(下意识的),sub__rine(海下的),subtropical(亚热带的),subtitle(副标题)五.表示“回”、“再次”、“向后”的前缀1.Re-Refuel(给…加油),retranslate(再译),reinfor__(加强),reconstruct(重建),return(返回)2.Retro-Retrograde(倒退的),retrospect(回顾)六.表示“共同”、“和”的前缀1.Co-co-exist共存,co-operate(合作),co-education(男女同校)七.表示“相互”、“之间”的前缀1.Inter-Interchangeble(可互换的),interdipendert(互相依靠的),international(国际的),inter-national(交往)八.表示“出”、“超出”的前缀1.Ec-Eclipse(蚀),ecstasy(狂想)2.Extra-Extraordinary(非凡的),extramural(校外的),extrasensory(超感觉的)九.表示“超过”的前缀1.hyper-preter-super-sur-ultra-hyper-sensitive(过敏的),preterhu__n(超人的)十.其它的前缀1.auto-自auto__tic(自动的),auto-autobilgraphy(自传)2.__l-坏,恶__lnutrition(营养不良),__ltreat(虐待)3.Micro-Microscope(显微镜),microtome(切片机)4.Tele-远Telegram(电报),telephone(__),telescope(望远镜)5.Demi-semi-hemi-Semi-circle(半圆),hemisphere(半球),demilune(半月,新月)6.Uni-mono-(单一单独)Monotone(单调),monologue(独白),uniform(制服)7.Bi-di-二Biyearly(二年一次的),biweekly(二周一次的),dichloride(二氯化物)8.Tri-三________(三角),tripld(三角架)9.Multi-多multi-colored(颜色多样的),multi-national(多国的)10.Poly–多Polygon多角形,polytomic多原子的11.Arch-首领archbishop(大主教),architect(建筑师)12.bene-善,好benefit(利益),benevolen__(善意)13.homo-同homo___ual(同性恋的),homograph(同形异义字)14.neo新neo-coloniali__新殖__义,neolithic(新石器时代的)15.ortho-正确,直orthogonal(直角的),orthodox(正统)16.philo-挚爱philosopher(哲学家)17.proto-原始protohydrogen(初氢),prototype(原型),protopla__(原生质)18.pseudo-假的伪的冒充的pseudonym(匿名),pseudo-communi__(假__主义)19.a-ab-abs-(只有在tc之前)从,自__oid(避免),absent(缺少的),abstain(抑制),abstract(吸引)20.Apo-aph-来自apology(道歉,谢罪),apostle(倡言者,先驱)21.se-分离separation(分开),secure(安全的),sedition(煽动叛乱)22.para-防parachute(降落伞),23.omni-所有的,公共的omnibus(公共汽车),omnipoten__(万能)24.pan-全,泛Pan-American(全美的),pan__an(万灵药),panora__(风景的全貌;万花筒)25.panto-全pantisocracy(___大同世界),pantoscopic(视野广大)26.dia-通过,借以diagonal(对角的),diagnosis(诊断),dialogue(对话)27.Per-通过,彻底,不利perambrlate(走来走去),perfect极好的
28.trans-通过,横过transcript(抄本副本;记录),translation(翻译),trxnsparent(透明的),transport(运输),trans-plant(移植)29.Com-con-cor-col-共同,和,完全comment(评论),compile(编辑),correlation(相互关系),collect(收集),corruption(贪污__),collaborate(合作,合著)30.syn-共同synonym(同义词),synchronization(同步),syntonic(谐振的),synthetic(人工的,合成的)31.meta-和,在……之后metaphor(比喻),metaphysics(形而上学)32.Cis-在这一边cisatlantic(大西洋这边的)33.pen-几乎,相近peninsular(.住在半岛上的居民半岛状的形成半岛的)34.en-em-往……里,使……encamp(扎营),enable使……能,endear(使……受喜爱)embra__(拥抱抓住机会)35.intro内在intracardiac(心脏内部的),intramolecular(分子内部的),intra__lular(细胞内部的)36.intro-到……中introdu__(介绍),introspect(反省,内省)37.dys-坏dyspepsia(消化不良),dysentry(痢疾)38.Eu-优,美好eulogy(颂词),euphony(悦耳的声音)39.ambi-amphi-两者amphibian(两栖的),ambidextrous(两只手都很灵巧的;心怀二意的;非常灵巧的)40.penta-五pentagon(五角大楼),pentagram(五角星),pentameter(五步诗句)41.___-六___angle(六角),___ennial(六年一度的)42.sept-七September九月(古罗马的七月),septennial(七年一度)43.hepta-七heptab(七个成套之物)heptagon(七角形)44.octa-octooct八octagon(八角形),octuple(八倍)October十月45.nona-ennea-九nonagon(九角形),ennead(九个一组)46.deci-deca-十deci__l(十进位的),decagramme(十克)47.__nti-百__ntimeter(厘米),__ntipede(蜈蚣)48.milli-千millenias(千年的),millimeter(毫米)49.Kilo-千kilowatt(千瓦),kilometer(千米)后缀1.-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(personengagedinanoccupationoractivity)例词gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,profiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2.-let意为小或者不重要的东西(__all,unimportantthings)例词booklet,leaflet,starlet3.-ette意为1)小的东西(__all)例词cigarette2)假的东西(imitation)例词leatherette3)女性(fe__le)例词usherette4.-ess意为女性(fe__le)例词actress,poetess,hostess,paintress5.-hood意为时期(status;etc.)例词boyhood,childhood,__nhood6.-ship意为才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sport__anship7.-ful意为量(theamountwhichnouncontains)例词cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8.-tion,-ion意为1)状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词action,oppression,possession,education,starva-tion2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词organization,foundation9.-ment意为状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词movement,ensl__ement,p__ement10.-al意为动作(action)例词arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11.-age意为程度,数量等(extent;amount;etc.)例词wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage12.-ness;-ity(ty)意为状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,changeability13.-i__意为道义,主义,学说等(doctrineof,practi__of)例词ideali__,impressioni__,absenteei__,raci__
二、动词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下1.-ify意为转为,变为(toturninto,to__keorbecome)例词beautify,diversify,simplify2.-ize;-en意为使……,变得……(to__keorbecome;to__keinto)例词modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten3.-ate意为增加,使……(giveoradd,__keorbecome)例词originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate
三、形容词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下1.-ful意为充满,有(fullof;h__-ing;giving;etc.)例词useful,pitiful,hopeful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful2.-less意为没有,无(without;notgiving)例词speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless3.-ly意为有……品质的(h__ingthequalitiesof)例词beastly,__nly,brotherly,friendly4.-like意为像……的(like)例词childlike,state__anlike,tiger-like5.-y;-ish意为像……一般的(somewhatlike)例词meaty,sandy,silky,hairy,leafy,watery,foolish,girlish,blackish,thinnish6.-some意为像……一样的;引起……的;有……品质的(like;causing;h__ingthequalityof)例词troublesome,burdensome,wholesome,tiresome,bothersome7.-able(ible)意为能……的;可以……的(abletobe;capable)例词changeable,readable,drinkable,comfortable,expansible,convincible8.-ed意为有……的(h__ing,etc.)例词wooded,pointed,moneyed,odd-shaped9.-al意为有……属性的,……类型的(natureof,typicalof)例词cultural,personal,regional,musical10.-ary(ory)意为属于……的,与……相连的(belongingto;connectedwith)例词revolutionary,i__ginary,contradictory11.-ous意为富含……的;有……品质的;像……的(fullof;h__ingthequalityof;like)例词glorious,erroneous,__licious,gracious12.-ic(ical)意为……类的;属于……的(typicalof;belongingto)例词historic,historical,methodic,methodical,dra__tic,heroic13.-ive意为有……属性的;有某种倾向的(h__ingthenatureorqualityof;givenortendingto)例词attractive,talkative,restrictive,defensive,preventive,constructive,sensitive
四、副词后缀常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下1.-ly意为以……方式(ina...__nner;etc.)例词happily,boldly,attentive-ly,strangely2.-ward(s)意为表示方式或动作的方向(__nneranddirectionofmovement)例词onward(s),backward(s),earthward(s),homeward(s),eastward(s)3.-wise意为1)按照……方式(inthe__nnerof)例词crabwise,clockwise2)就……而言(asfaras...iscon__rned)例词weatherwise,educationwise有一个原因的单音节词,结尾只有一个单音辅音,在加以元音后缀是,要双写这个辅音.例词run+er=runnerhit+ing=hitting。