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高三英语复习·专题二定语从句【定语从句及相关概念】1.定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后
2.先行词被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词
3.关系词引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词例thegirlwhoisstandingthere
4.知识结构
①that/which/who/whom/whose等关系代词引导限定性
②when/where/why等关系副词引导
③介词+which引导定语从句类型
①which引导非限定性
②as引导
③when/where/who等引导【高考考点一览】
①正确判断使用关系代词和关系副词
②表示所有格的whose和ofwhich之间的转换whose+n=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n◆
③只能用that引导不能用which引导的定语从句以及只能用which不用that引导的定语从句的特点
④“介词+which”引导的定语从句及其与关系副词引导的定语从句之间的转换◆
⑤as和which引导非限定性定语从句的区别
⑥as引导的定语从句的常见句型7特殊句型【解题思路】根据从句所缺的成分填关系代副词1从句缺主语,填whothatwhich2从句缺宾语,填whomthatwhich3从句缺表语,填that4从句缺定语,填whose5从句缺状语,填whenwherewhy6关系词代替一个句子,填aswhich【高考难点解析】1.★作定语用whose=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhichthe+naHeisthe__nwhosecarwasstolenlastweek.bItwasameetingwhoseimportan__Ididnotrealizeatthattime.注意“介词+whose+名词”引导定语从句如IlovemymotherlandforwhosegoodfutureIwillworkhard.2.★as和which引导定语从句的区别
(1)as引导的从句可以放在主句之前,而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后Theyarehollowwhich__kesthemverylight.Asisknowntoall______isapartofChina.
(2)as引导的非限制性定语从句表示积极的意义,与主句是顺理成章的关系,绝不能与之矛盾若非限制性定语从句表示消极的意义,则只用which如Hehassuc__ededinhiscareeras/whichweallhope.他在事业中成功了,这正是我们大家所希Hergrand_____dlastweekwhich__deherverysad.她的奶奶__了,这使得她很悲伤3当非限制性定语从句的引导词前面有介词时,只能用which而不可用as如HehasanewcomputerforwhichhepaidnearlytenthousandYuan.
(4)as引导限制性定语从句多与such、so或thesame连用,它可以代替先行词是人或物的名词Suchpeopleaswerementionedbyhimwerehonest.Ishalldoitinthesamewayasyoudid.5as常用于一些固定结构中如asiswellknown/asweallknow众所周知;asissaidabove正如上面所说;asmightbei__gined正像所想象的那样;asisreported如报道所说;ashasbeenpointed如所指出的那样;asisexpected正如所料3.★当先行词是表时间的timeday等和表地点的pla__house等时,一定要注意分析从句的结构,如果缺少主语或宾语时,关系词应该用which或that缺少时间状语或地点状语时,才能用when或where试比较I’llneverforgetthedaywhenmyhometownwasliberated.I’llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherlastsummer.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhereradiopartsare__de.Hisfatherworksinafactorywhich/that__kesradioparts.
4、表示部分与整体ofwhich/whom在非限制性定语从句中,★表示“部分与整体”的关系时,用…ofwhich/whom或者ofwhich/whom…都可以表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数,也可以是fewseveralsomehalf__nymuchmostallnoneeitherneitheraquarteranumberthelargerthe__allestthe__jority等Ourschoolhas80teachers50ofwhom=ofwhom50arewomen.HehaslotsofbooksmostofwhichareEnglishones.注意这里的ofwhich不能用whose代替,这与表示所属关系的ofwhich不同
5.使用关系副词注意的问题关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构when=oninatduring…+which;where=inaton…+which;why=forwhich.如IwasinBei___gonthedaywhen=onwhichhearrived.Theoffi__where=inwhichheworksisonthethirdfloor.Thisisthechiefreasonwhy=forwhichwedidit.
6.特殊句型
①theonlyoneof+n+定语从句(用单数谓语动词)oneof+the+n+定语从句(用复数动词)
②such……as引导定语从句与such……that引导结果状语从句ThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishasbeginnerscanunderstand.ThisbookiswritteninsucheasyEnglishthatbeginnerscanunderstandit.
③当situationconditionstagepoint,s__nes做先行词时,用where引导定语从句
④when的先行词通常是timedayseasonageoccasion等时间名词Thereareoccasionswhen=onwhichonemustyield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候
⑤where引导的定语从句与地点状语从句的区别Please__kea__rkwhereyouh__eanyquestion.从句Please__kea__rkatthepla__whereyouh__eanyquestion.从句
⑥theway做先行词时,关系词的选择应根据theway在定语从句中所做的成分来决定Idon’tliketheway_______heistreatedTheway___________youthoughtoftosolvetheproblemisveryusefulPleasefindaway_________isthekeytosolvingtheproblem
⑦thereason做先行词时,关系词的选择应根据thereason在定语从句中所做的成分来决定Thereason_____IwaslatewasthatIwascaughtinatrafficjamIdon’tbelievethereason_________heg__eforhisbeinglate
⑧成分残缺Isthisfactorytheonethatyouvisitedlastyear?Isthisthefactorythatyouvisitedlastyear
⑨from+关系副词where等;Hestoodbesidethewindow,fromwherehecouldseewhathappenedoutside【2010年高考真题】
1.StephenHawkingbelievesthatearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.(10福建)A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whose
2.Ivebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_______ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.(10湖南)A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which3.Thegirlarrangedtoh__epianolessonsatthetraining__ntrewithhersister____shewouldstayforanhour.(江西)AwhereBwhoCwhichDwhat
4.That’sthenew__chine______partsaretoo__alltobeseen.(10山东)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.What
5.Windpowerisanancientsour__ofenergy______we__yreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich
6.CanyoubelieveIhadtopay30dollarsforahaircut(10天津)Youshouldtrythebarber’s_______Igo.It’sonly
15.A.asB.whichC.whereD.that7.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotr__elling,_____turnedouttobeawisedecision.(四川)A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
8.AsachildJackstu___dinavillageschool_____isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(10全国Ⅰ)A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that
9.Thenewlybuiltcaféthewallsof_______arepaintedlightgreenisreallyapea__fulpla__forusspeciallyafterhardwork.(10江苏)A.thatB.itC.whatD.which
11.Theoldtemple_______roofwasda__gedinstormisnowunderrepair.(陕西)A.whereB.whichC.itsD.Whose
12.Irefusetoac__pttheblameforsomething________wassomeoneelse’sfault.(10全国Ⅱ)A.whoB.thatC.asD.what
13.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor___tishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(北京)A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.that___.ks5u.com/gaokao/bei___g
14.Inchinathenumberofcitiesisincreasing________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.(重庆)A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that15.Thesettlementishometonearly1000people__nyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.(浙江)A.whomB.whichC.themD.those【2009年高考真题】
1.09山东24WheneverImether_______wasfairlyoftenshegreetedmewithasweet__ile.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that
2.09宁夏海南28ShebroughtwithherthreefriendsnoneofIhadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these
3.09江苏23Becauseofthefinancialcrisisdaysaregone__local5-starhotelscharged6000yuanforonenight.A.ifB.whenC.whichD.sin__
4.09天津5Aperson______e-__ilaccountisfullwon’tbeabletosendorre__iveanye-__ils.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
5.09陕西11Guncontrolisasu__ect___Americansh__earguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich
6.09__34Mozart’sbirthpla__andthehouse______hecomposed‘The__gicFlute’arebothmuseumsnowKs5uA.whereB.whenC.thereD.whichKs5u
7.09江西26ThehouseIgrewup_____hasbeentakendownandrepla__dbyanoffi__building.A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhich
8.09四川20She’llneverforgetherstaythere___shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when
9.09辽宁23They’vewontheirlastthree__tches.________IfindabitsurprisingA.thatB.whenC.whatD.which
10.09福建24It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituationtheycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where
11.09浙江14Ih__ereachedapointinmylife___Iamsupposedto__kedecisionsofmyown.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
12.09重庆34Lifeislikealongra_______wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.where
13.09湖南26IwasborninNewOrleansLouisianaacitynamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.A.whichB.ofwhichC.thatD.whose
14.09全国Ⅱ17Myfriendshowedmeroundthetownwasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
15.09北京26—WhatdoyouthinkofteacherBob?—Ifinditfunandchallenging.Itisajob___youaredoingsomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that【2008年高考真题】
1.08北京28I’llgiveyoumyfriend’shomeaddress,Icanbereachedmostevenings.A.whichB.whenC.whomD.where
2.08安徽26Allthenei___orsadmirethisfamily,______theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that
3.08江西35Laterinthischaptercaseswillbeintrodu__dtoreadersconsumercomplaintsh__eresultedinchangesinthelaw.A.whereB.whenC.whoD.which
4.08湖南31Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluen__dbyanumberoffactors,arebeyondourcontrol.A.mostofthemB.mostofwhichC.mostofwhatD.mostofthat
5.08陕西13The__npulledoutagoldwatch,were__deof__alldiamonds.A.thehandsofwhomB.whomthehandsofC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhich
6.08四川4For__nycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich
7.08重庆21TheywillflytoWashington,theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.whereB.thereC.whichD.when
8.08浙江8Yesterdayshesoldhercar,______sheboughtamonthago.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which
9.08福建31Bynineo’clock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolang__,appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich
10.08江苏24TheScien__Museum,wevisitedduringare__nttriptoBritain,isoneofLondon’stouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where
11.08山东26OccasionsarequiterareIh__ethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when【2007年高考真题】
1.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival______wasbeyondhiswildestdream.[2007__卷]A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it
2.—Wheredidyougettoknowher—Itwasonthefarm_________weworked.[2007山东卷]A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where
3.Lastweekonlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse_______wantedtobuyit.[2007安徽卷]A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom
4.Weshouldn’tspentourmoneytestingso__nypeoplemostof_____arehealthy[2007北京卷]A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom
5.Byservingothersapersonfocusesonsomeoneotherthanhimselforherself___________canbeveryeye-openingandrewarding.[2007湖南卷]A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that
6.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool______hewentontoBei___gUniversity.[2007江苏卷]A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat
7.Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareersheheededtodecidewhattodo.[2007江西卷]A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where
8.Somepre-schoolchildrengotoadaycare__nter_______theylearn______gamesandsongs.[2007全国卷I]A.thenB.thereC.whileD.where
9.Todaywe’lldiscussanumberofcasesbeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.[2007陕西卷]A.whichB.asC.whyD.where
10.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewaskepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.[2007__春]A.thatB.allthatC.allwhatD.which
11.Itisreportedthattwoschools,_______arebeingbuiltinmyhometown,willopennextyear.[2007四川卷]A.theybothB.whichbothC.bothofthemD.bothofwhich
12.Thosesuc__ssfuldeafdan__rsthinkthatdancingisanactivity________sight__ttersmorethanhearing.[2007天津卷]A.whenB.whoseC.whichD.where
13.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet______usedtobepoorlyrunisnowasuc__ssfulbusiness.[2007浙江卷]A.thatB.whichC.whoD.where
14.Hu__nfacialexpressionsdifferfromthoseofani__lsinthedegree______theycanbecontrolledonpurpose.[2007重庆卷]A.withwhichB.towhichC.ofwhichD.forwhich
15.Ericre__ivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear_____hefoundajobinabigcompany.[2007辽宁卷]A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis
16.Thevillagehasdevelopedalotwelearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.[2007福建卷]A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where【2006年高考真题】
1.06天津12TheBeatles____nyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.A.whatB.thatC.howD.as
2.06天津14Thereismuchchan__Billwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimeforthera__.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if
3.06辽宁25Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGer__ny.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom
4.06浙江13Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirstIreallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which
5.06福建22Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouseroofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that
6.(06陕西)ShewaseducatedatBei___gUniversity_______shewentontoh__eheradvan__dstudyabroad.A.afterwhichB.fromwhichC.fromthatD.afterthat
7.(06湖南)Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsour_____andoneofthemcameuptous.,________weg__esomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich
8.(06江苏)Theownerofthecine__neededto__kealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning______meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which
9.(06江西)—Doyouh__eanythingtosayforyourselves—Yesthere’sonepointwemustinsiston.A.whyB.whereC.howD./
10.(06辽宁)Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_________Chineseintheschoolmost______werefromGer__ny.A.study;ofwhomB.study;ofthemC.studying;ofthemD.studying;ofwhom
11.(06山东)We’rejusttyingtoreachapointbothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
12.(06重庆)Isawawo__nrunningtowardmeinthedark.BeforeIcouldrecognizewhoshewas,shehadrunbackinthedirection________shehadcome.A.ofwhich B.bywhichC.inwhich D.fromwhich【2005年高考真题】
1.05广东
35.__nypeoplewhohadseenthefilmwereafraidtogototheforestwhentheyrememberedthes__nes__peoplewereeatenbythetiger.A.inwhich B.bywhich C.which D.that
2.05湖北29Hersisterhasbecomealawyer __shewantedtobe.A.who B.that C.what D.which
3.05__卷
40.Ifashophaschairs___womencanparktheirmenwomenwillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.that B.whichC.when D.where
4.05江苏卷
32.Thepla___thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe__thecross-rivertrafficisthehe__iest.A.which;where B.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;where D.which;inwhich
5.05江西卷
25.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuc__ssfulinthejobs__theyarebeingtrained.Ainthat Bforthat Cinwhich Dforwhich
6.05全国卷124.Ih__e__nyfriends ___somearebusines__en.Aofthem Bfromwhich __hoof Dofwhom
7.05天津卷
13.LastmonthpartofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloodsfrom_______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.that B.whose C.those D.what
8.05浙江卷
2.Jimpassedthedrivingtest__surprisedeverybodyintheoffi__. A.which B.that C.this D.it
9.05辽宁卷28.Iwalkedinourgarden_____TomandJimweretyingabigsignontooneofthetrees.A.which B.when C.where D.that
10.05北京卷
35.WhydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelpThereisnooneelse___isthereA.whototurnto B.shecanturnto C.forwhomtoturn D.forhertoturn
11.05山东卷
30.Hewaseducatedatalocalgram__rschool____hewentontoCambridge.Afromwhich B.afterthat C.afterwhich D.fromthis【1986--2004年高考真题】
1.Achild_____________parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.86A.whichB.hisC.whoseD.with
2.Finallythethiefhandedeverything_____________hehadstolentothepoli__.87A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that
3.Hisparentswouldn’tlethim__rryanyone_____________familywaspoor.88A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose
4.All_____________isneededisasupplyofoil.__A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which
5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindowsmostof____________hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.90A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which
6.Ali__re__ivedaninvitationfromherboss_____________cameasasurprise.91A.itB.thatC.whichD.he
7.Idon’tlike_____________youspeaktoher.93A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich
8.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood_____________wasmorethanwecouldexpect.94A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it
9.Intheoffi__Ineverseemtoh__etimeuntilafter5:30p.m._______________nypeopleh__egonehome.95A.whosetimeB.thatC.onwhichD.bywhichtime
10.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothe__alltown_____________hegrewupasachild.96A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when
11.Alloftheflowersnowraisedhereh__edevelopedfromthose_____________intheforest.97A.on__theygrewB.theygrewon__C.thaton__grewD.on__grew
12.He__deanotherwonderfuldiscovery_____________ofgreatimportan__toscien__.98A.whichIthinkisB.whichIthinkitisC.whichIthinkitD.Ithinkwhichis
13.CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober____________personallyIdoubtverymuch.99A.itB.thatC.whenD.which
14.Theresultoftheexperimentwasverygood____________wehadn’texpected.2000A.whenB.thatC.whichD.what
15.Itwasanexcitingmomentforthesefootballfansthisyear____________forthefirsttimeinyearstheirteamwontheWorldCup.B2000A.thatB.whileC.whichD.when
16.Thegentle__n_____________youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.CS2000A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom
17.Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpri_______________peopleexpected.CS2000A.likeB.asC.thatD.which
18.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay_____________ofcourse__detheothersunhappy.2000A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what
19.Re__ntlyIboughtanancientChinesevase_____________wasveryreasonable.S2000A.whichpri__B.thepri__ofwhichC.itspri__D.thepri__ofwhose
20.____________isknowntoeverybodythemoontr__elsroundtheearthon__everymonth.2001A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
21.Johnsaidhe’dbeenworkingintheoffi__foranhour____________wastrue.2001北京春季A.heB.thisC.whichD.who
22.Thefamousbasketballstar_____________triedto__keacomebackattractedalotofattention.2002春季A.whereB.whenC.whichD.who
23.Isthisthereason______________atthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork2002__春季A.heexplainedB.whatheexplainedC.howheexplainedD.whyheexplained
24.Icanthinkof__nycases_____________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.2003__A.whyB.whichC.asD.where
25.Wearelivinginanage_______________nythingsaredoneoncomputer.03北京春季A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when
26.York_____________lastyearisani__oldcity.03北京A.thatIvisitedB.whichIvisitedC.whereIvisitedD.inwhichIvisited
27.______isreportedinthenewspaperstalksbetweenthetwocountriesare__kingprogress.04北京 A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What
28.TheEnglishplay_____________mystudentsactedattheNewYear’s_____wasagreatsuc__ss.2004A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich
29.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths____________thesailingtimewas226days.2004A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich
30.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut____________hesaidit.2004湖北.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich
31.Iworkinabusiness______________almosteveryoneiswaitingforagreatchan__.2004湖南.A.howB.whichC.whereD.that
32.Anywaythatevening___________I’ll____youmoreaboutlaterIendedupstayingatRachel’spla__.2004浙江A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which
33.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers________ofcourse__detheothersenvyhim.04天津A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which
34.Thefactoryprodu__shalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear80% ________ aresoldabroad.04辽宁A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat
35.Thereweredirty__rksonhertrousers______shehadwipedherhands.04四川A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
36.________isoftenthecaseweh__eworkedouttheproductionplan.04江苏 A.Which B.WhenC.WhatD.As
37.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently. A.who B.as C.aboutwhich D.withwhom
38.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone_____theycantalkfrequently.04__ A.who B.as C.aboutwhich D.withwhom。