还剩1页未读,继续阅读
文本内容:
句子成分不同词类的单词,按照一定的语法规则组合在一起,能够表达一个完整意思的语言单位叫句子,一个句子由各种功能不同的部分组成,这些部分叫做句子成分英语的句子成分有7种,主语,谓语,表语,宾语,定语,状语,补语它的构成方法与中文很象,中文分主,谓,宾,定,状,补,六类,再加上表语就形成了英文的形式下面主要是从词类的角度来分析句子成分1.主语句子所要说明的人或者事物,是句子的主体,通常放与句首,一般不省略,可以担当主语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式,动名词和主语从句下面依次举例Wallsh__eears.Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.Threeplusfourequalsseven.Toseeistobelieve.__okingisnotallowedinpublicpla__s.Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.2.谓语动词说明主语动作或者状态的句子成分,一般又实义动词或者系动词担任,助动词和情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也可以构成谓语动词ActionsspeaklouderthanwordsThechan____ynevercomeagain.Tomwasverysickatheart.__ryhasbeenworkingatthedressstoresin__
1994.注意英语中最基本的原则就是一句话,只能有一个谓语动词3.表语(现代某些语法书直接把表语归类到了补语当中)是用来说明主语的身份,特征和状态,它的位置在系动词之后可作表语的有名词,代词,形容词与分词,数词,动词不定式与动名词,介词短语,副词以及表语从句下面依次举例Myfatherisaprofessor.Who’thatIt’sme.Everythinghereisdeartoher.The__tchbecameveryexciting.Thestoryofmylife__ybeofhelptoothers.Threetimesfiveisfifteen.Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhidyourfeelings.4.宾语宾语表示动作的对象,是动作的承受者宾语一般放在及物动词之后英语介词后也会跟宾语可作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动名词等,不定时式也可做及物动词的宾语下面依次举例Shecoveredherfa__withherhands.Weh__en’tseenherforalongtime.DoyoumindopeningthewindowGivemefourplease!Hewantstodreamani__dream.Weneedtoknowwhatothersaredoing.IlivedinJapanin
1986.5.定语是修饰名词或代词的词,短语或从句作定语的有名词,形容词,数词,分词机器短语,不定式及其短语,介词短语以及定语从句等下面依次举例Theyarewo__nworkers.Tom’sfatherdidn’twritehomeuntilyesterday.Equalpayforequalworkshouldbeintrodu__d.Theplayhasthreeacts.ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Youh__en’tkeptyourpromisetowriteusoften.Mycathasagoodnoseformilk.ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.6.状语是修饰动词,形容词,副词等句子成分状语表示地点,时间,原因,目的,结果,条件,让步,程度,方式,伴随情况等做状语的有副词,名词,介词短语,分词及其短语,动词不定式及其短语,状语从句等下面依次举例Theseproductsaresellingquickly.Heiskneedeepinsnow.Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.Shesattheredoingnothing.We’llsendacarovertofetchyou.Shewasslowto__keuphermind.Strikewhiletheironishot.ThereisnosuchawordinEnglishsofarasIknow.七.宾语补足语和主语补足语英语中有些及物动词,除了要有宾语外,还要加上宾语补足语,才能使句子意思完整如果上述结构变为被动语态句,原宾语变为主语,原宾语补足语相应的变为主语补足语可以担当补语的有名词,形容词,介词短语,动词不定式,分词等下面依次举例Theyelectedmecaptainoftheteam.He__demeashamedofmyself.Wefoundeverythingthereingoodorder.Ishouldadviseyounottomissthechan__.Icouldfeelmyheartbeatingfast.Thepri__isexpectedtoriseinthenearfuture.Somegoodsareleftunsold.Shewaselecteddirectorofpublicrelations.主语宾语表语定语状语补语名词yesyesyesyesyesyes代词yesyesyesyesyes形容词yesyesyes副词yesyes数词yesyesyesyes不定式yesyesyesyesyesyes分词yesyesyesyes动名词yesyes名词短语yesyesyesyes。